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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Order_of_battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Order of battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prelude" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prelude"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Prelude</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prelude-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assessment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assessment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Assessment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assessment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slag_van_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Slag van Vittorio Veneto – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Slag van Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88" title="معركة فيتوريو فينيتو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معركة فيتوريو فينيتو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B0-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Бітва пры Віторыа-Венета – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бітва пры Віторыа-Венета" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitva_u_Vittorio_Veneta" title="Bitva u Vittorio Veneta – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bitva u Vittorio Veneta" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlacht_von_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Schlacht von Vittorio Veneto – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schlacht von Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Batalla de Vittorio Veneto – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Batalla de Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittorio_Venetoko_gudua" title="Vittorio Venetoko gudua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Vittorio Venetoko gudua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Bataille de Vittorio Veneto – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille de Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%86%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EB%B2%A0%EB%84%A4%ED%86%A0_%EC%A0%84%ED%88%AC" title="비토리오 베네토 전투 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비토리오 베네토 전투" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B8-%D5%8E%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Վիտտորիո-Վենետոյի ճակատամարտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիտտորիո-Վենետոյի ճակատամարտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertempuran_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Pertempuran Vittorio Veneto – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pertempuran Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_di_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Battaglia di Vittorio Veneto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Battaglia di Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95" title="קרב ויטוריו ונטו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרב ויטוריו ונטו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittorio_Venet%C3%B3-i_csata" title="Vittorio Venetó-i csata – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vittorio Venetó-i csata" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slag_bij_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Slag bij Vittorio Veneto – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Slag bij Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%8D%E3%83%88%E3%81%AE%E6%88%A6%E3%81%84" title="ヴィットリオ・ヴェネトの戦い – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴィットリオ・ヴェネトの戦い" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_ved_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Slaget ved Vittorio Veneto – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Slaget ved Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Bitwa pod Vittorio Veneto – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bitwa pod Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_de_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Batalha de Vittorio Veneto – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Batalha de Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_la_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Bătălia de la Vittorio Veneto – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bătălia de la Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Битва при Витторио-Венето – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Битва при Витторио-Венето" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitka_pri_Vittorio_Venetu" title="Bitka pri Vittorio Venetu – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bitka pri Vittorio Venetu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Битка код Виторија Венета – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Битка код Виторија Венета" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittorio_Veneton_taistelu" title="Vittorio Veneton taistelu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vittorio Veneton taistelu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_vid_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Slaget vid Vittorio Veneto – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Slaget vid Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Битва при Вітторіо-Венето – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Битва при Вітторіо-Венето" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%ADn_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Trận Vittorio Veneto – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trận Vittorio Veneto" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%89%98%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%89%98%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" title="维托里奥威尼托战役 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="维托里奥威尼托战役" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q662961#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Battle+of+Vittorio+Veneto%22">"Battle of Vittorio Veneto"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Battle+of+Vittorio+Veneto%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Battle+of+Vittorio+Veneto%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Battle+of+Vittorio+Veneto%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Battle+of+Vittorio+Veneto%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Battle+of+Vittorio+Veneto%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Front_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Front (World War I)">Italian Front</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg/300px-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg/450px-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg/600px-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1242" data-file-height="961" /></a></span><br />Map of the battle</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>24 October – 4 November 1918</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Veneto" title="Vittorio Veneto">Vittorio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&params=45_57_21_N_12_20_49_E_type:event_region:IT_scale:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°57′21″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°20′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.95583°N 12.34694°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.95583; 12.34694</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <p>Allied victory<sup id="cite_ref-victory_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-victory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Austria-Hungary" title="Dissolution of Austria-Hungary">Collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire</a><sup id="cite_ref-Luden_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luden-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plan_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> <br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a> <br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">France</a> <br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Armando_Diaz" title="Armando Diaz">Armando Diaz</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Archduke_Joseph_August_of_Austria" title="Archduke Joseph August of Austria">AD. Joseph August</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Krobatin" title="Alexander von Krobatin">Alexander von Krobatin</a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Svetozar_Boroevi%C4%87" title="Svetozar Boroević">Svetozar Boroević</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><b>57 divisions:</b><sup id="cite_ref-Stevenson157_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stevenson157-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> 1,415,000 in 52 divisions</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> ≈40,000 in 3 divisions</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> 25,000 in 2 divisions</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> 1,200 in <a href="/wiki/332nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="332nd Infantry Regiment (United States)">one regiment</a></li></ul> <p><i>Total</i> : 1,486,200 </p> 7,700 guns<br />600 aircraft</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><b>61 divisions:</b> </p> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> 1,800,000<sup id="cite_ref-Stevenson157_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stevenson157-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />6,145 guns</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><b>40,917</b><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> 38,000 </p> <ul><li>7,000 killed</li> <li>23,000 wounded</li> <li>8,000 missing and captured</li></ul> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> 2,139<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> 778<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> 8</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria-Hungary_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> 528,000</b><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />30,000 killed<br />50,000 wounded<br />448,000 captured<br />5,000+ artillery pieces captured</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Italian_Front" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Italian Front"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italian_Front7939" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Italian_front_(World_War_I)" title="Italian front (World War I)">Italian Front</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>1915</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_383" title="Battle of Hill 383">Hill 383</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Dolomite_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First Dolomite Offensive (page does not exist)">1st Dolomites</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erste_Dolomitenoffensive" class="extiw" title="de:Erste Dolomitenoffensive">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="First Battle of the Isonzo">1st Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Col_Basson" title="Battle of the Col Basson">Col Basson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Second Battle of the Isonzo">2nd Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Podgora" title="Battle of Podgora">Podgora</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Second_Dolomite_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Second Dolomite Offensive (page does not exist)">2nd Dolomites</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zweite_Dolomitenoffensive" class="extiw" title="de:Zweite Dolomitenoffensive">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Third Battle of the Isonzo">3rd Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Fourth Battle of the Isonzo">4th Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lavarone_Plateau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Lavarone Plateau (page does not exist)">Lavarone</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4mpfe_auf_der_Hochfl%C3%A4che_von_Lavarone_(1915%E2%80%931916)" class="extiw" title="de:Kämpfe auf der Hochfläche von Lavarone (1915–1916)">de</a>]</span></li></ul> <p><b>1916</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Fifth Battle of the Isonzo">5th Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Asiago" title="Battle of Asiago">Asiago</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Monte_Cengio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Monte Cengio (page does not exist)">Monte Cengio</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Melette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Melette (page does not exist)">Melette</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_delle_Melette" class="extiw" title="it:Battaglia delle Melette">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorizia_(1916)" title="Battle of Gorizia (1916)">Gorizia (6th Isonzo)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doberd%C3%B2" title="Battle of Doberdò">Doberdò</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Seventh Battle of the Isonzo">7th Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Eighth Battle of the Isonzo">8th Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Ninth Battle of the Isonzo">9th Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Friday_(1916)" title="White Friday (1916)">White Friday</a></li></ul> <p><b>1917</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Tenth Battle of the Isonzo">10th Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Flondar" title="Battle of Flondar">Flondar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Ortigara" title="Battle of Mount Ortigara">Ortigara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo">11th Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carzano_Incident&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carzano Incident (page does not exist)">Carzano</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sogno_di_Carzano" class="extiw" title="it:Sogno di Carzano">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Caporetto (12th Isonzo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pozzuolo" title="Battle of Pozzuolo">Pozzuolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Piave_River" title="First Battle of the Piave River">1st Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Monte_Grappa" class="mw-redirect" title="First Battle of Monte Grappa">1st Monte Grappa</a></li></ul> <p><b>1918</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Three_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of the Three Mountains (page does not exist)">Three Mountains</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglie_dei_Tre_Monti" class="extiw" title="it:Battaglie dei Tre Monti">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Piave_River" title="Second Battle of the Piave River">2nd Piave River</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Capture_of_Col_Moschin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capture of Col Moschin (page does not exist)">Col Moschin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presa_del_Col_Moschin" class="extiw" title="it:Presa del Col Moschin">it</a>]</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Monte_Grappa" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Monte Grappa">2nd Monte Grappa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonale_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonale Offensive (page does not exist)">Tonale</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operazione_valanga_(1918)" class="extiw" title="it:Operazione valanga (1918)">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Matteo" title="Battle of San Matteo">San Matteo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doss_Alto" title="Battle of Doss Alto">Doss Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Monte_Grappa" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Battle of Monte Grappa">3rd Monte Grappa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vittorio Veneto</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/White_War" title="White War">White War</a> (1915–1918)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Adamello&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Adamello (page does not exist)">Adamello</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_dell%27Adamello" class="extiw" title="it:Battaglia dell'Adamello">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Monte_Pasubio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Monte Pasubio (page does not exist)">Pasubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sentinella_Pass" title="Battle of Sentinella Pass">Sentinella Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Marmolada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of the Marmolada (page does not exist)">Marmolada</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_della_Marmolada" class="extiw" title="it:Battaglia della Marmolada">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lagazuoi_Mine_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lagazuoi Mine War (page does not exist)">Lagazuoi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_di_mina_del_Lagazuoi" class="extiw" title="it:Guerra di mina del Lagazuoi">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Col_di_Lana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Col di Lana (page does not exist)">Col di Lana</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_del_Col_di_Lana" class="extiw" title="it:Battaglia del Col di Lana">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tofane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Tofane (page does not exist)">Tofane</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_delle_Tofane" class="extiw" title="it:Battaglia delle Tofane">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Monte_Cristallo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Monte Cristallo (page does not exist)">Monte Cristallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monte_Piana" title="Battle of Monte Piana">Monte Piana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tre_Cime_di_Lavaredo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Tre Cime di Lavaredo (page does not exist)">Tre Cime di Lavaredo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Monte_Paterno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Monte Paterno (page does not exist)">Monte Paterno</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Battle of Vittorio Veneto</b> was fought from 24 October to 3 November 1918 (with an armistice taking effect 24 hours later) near <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Veneto" title="Vittorio Veneto">Vittorio Veneto</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Front_(World_War_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Front (World War I)">Italian Front</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. After having thoroughly defeated Austro-Hungarian troops during the defensive <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Piave_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Piave River">Battle of the Piave River</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Italian_Army" title="Royal Italian Army">Royal Italian Army</a> launched a great counter-offensive: the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italian</a> victory marked the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Villa_Giusti" title="Armistice of Villa Giusti">end of the war on the Italian Front</a>, secured <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary#1918:_Demise,_disintegration,_dissolution" title="Austria-Hungary">the dissolution</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a> and contributed to the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_with_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Armistice with Germany">end of the First World War</a> just one week later.<sup id="cite_ref-victory_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-victory-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Luden_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luden-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The battle led to the capture of over 5,000 artillery pieces and over 350,000 Austro-Hungarian troops, including 120,000 Germans, 83,000 Czechs and Slovaks, 60,000 South Slavs, 40,000 Poles, several tens of thousands of Romanians and Ukrainians, and 7,000 Austro-Hungarian loyalist Italians and <a href="/wiki/Friulians" title="Friulians">Friulians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the battle was fought in November 1918, the nearby city was called simply Vittorio,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> named in 1866 for <a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Emmanuel II of Italy">Vittorio Emanuele II</a>, monarch from 1861 of the newly created <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a>. The engagement, the last major battle in the war (1915–1918) between Italy and Austria-Hungary, was generally referred to as the Battle of Vittorio Veneto, i.e. 'Vittorio in the <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto region</a>'. The city's name was officially changed to <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Veneto" title="Vittorio Veneto">Vittorio Veneto</a> in July 1923,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about nine months after <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a> and his <a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Party" title="National Fascist Party">National Fascist Party</a> had <a href="/wiki/March_on_Rome" title="March on Rome">ascended to power</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armando_Diaz_1921.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Armando_Diaz_1921.jpg/200px-Armando_Diaz_1921.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Armando_Diaz_1921.jpg/300px-Armando_Diaz_1921.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Armando_Diaz_1921.jpg/400px-Armando_Diaz_1921.jpg 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Armando_Diaz" title="Armando Diaz">Armando Diaz</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Battle of Caporetto</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 24 October to 9 November 1917, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Italian_Army" title="Royal Italian Army">Italian Army</a> suffered over 300,000 casualties (dead, injured and captured) and was forced to withdraw, causing the replacement of the Italian Supreme Commander <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cadorna" title="Luigi Cadorna">Luigi Cadorna</a> with General <a href="/wiki/Armando_Diaz" title="Armando Diaz">Armando Diaz</a>. Diaz reorganized the troops, blocked the enemy advance by implementing <a href="/wiki/Defense_in_depth" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense in depth">defense in depth</a> and mobile reserves, and stabilized the front line around the <a href="/wiki/Piave_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Piave River">Piave River</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In June 1918, a large Austro-Hungarian offensive, aimed at breaking the <a href="/wiki/Piave_(river)" title="Piave (river)">Piave River</a> defensive line and delivering a decisive blow to the Italian Army, was launched. The <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Army" title="Austro-Hungarian Army">Austro-Hungarian Army</a> tried on one side to force the <a href="/wiki/Tonale_Pass" title="Tonale Pass">Tonale Pass</a> and enter <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>, and on the other side to make two converging thrusts into central <a href="/wiki/Venetia_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetia (region)">Venetia</a>, the first one southeastward from the <a href="/wiki/Trentino" title="Trentino">Trentino</a>, and the second one southwestward across the lower Piave. The whole offensive, which became known as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Piave_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Piave River">Battle of the Piave River</a> ended in a heavy defeat for the imperial army, with the Austro-Hungarians losing 11,643 killed, 80,852 wounded and 25,547 captured.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 November, the new Hungarian government of Count <a href="/wiki/Mih%C3%A1ly_K%C3%A1rolyi" title="Mihály Károlyi">Mihály Károlyi</a> decided to recall all of the troops, who were conscripted from the territory of Kingdom of Hungary, which was a major blow for the Habsburgs' armies.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the Battle of the Piave, General Armando Diaz abstained from offensive action until Italy would be ready to strike with success assured.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the offensive he planned, three of the five armies lining the front from the <a href="/wiki/Monte_Grappa" title="Monte Grappa">Monte Grappa</a> sector to the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic">Adriatic</a> end of the Piave were to drive across the river toward <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Veneto" title="Vittorio Veneto">Vittorio Veneto</a>, so as to cut communications between the two Austrian armies opposing them.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Allied forces totaled 57 infantry divisions, including 52 Italian, three British (<a href="/wiki/23rd_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="23rd Division (United Kingdom)">23rd</a>, <a href="/wiki/7th_Division_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="7th Division (United Kingdom)">7th</a> and <a href="/wiki/48th_(South_Midland)_Division" title="48th (South Midland) Division">48th</a>), two French (23rd and 24th), and the <a href="/wiki/332nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="332nd Infantry Regiment (United States)">332nd US Infantry Regiment</a>, along with supporting arms. The Austro-Hungarian army had 46 infantry divisions and six cavalry divisions, but both sides were ravaged by <a href="/wiki/1918_flu_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="1918 flu pandemic">influenza</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> and the Austrians only had 6,030 guns to Allied forces' 7,700.<sup id="cite_ref-firstworldwar.com_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-firstworldwar.com-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (October 2020)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Italian armies in the mountains were merely to hold the front line and follow up the enemy when it retreated. The task of opening the attack and taking on the strongest positions fell to the Fourth Army (Lieutenant-General <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Giardino" title="Gaetano Giardino">Gaetano Giardino</a>) on the Grappa. The <a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Army_(Italy)" title="Twelfth Army (Italy)">Twelfth Army</a>, consisting of one French and three Italian divisions, was commanded by the English-speaking Lieutenant-General <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caviglia" title="Enrico Caviglia">Enrico Caviglia</a> and he had under his command the <a href="/wiki/10th_Army_(Italy)" title="10th Army (Italy)">Tenth Army</a> (Lieutenant-General Lord <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Lambart,_10th_Earl_of_Cavan" title="Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan">Cavan</a>) to protect his right flank. Lord Cavan's army consisted of two British and two Italian divisions, and they too were expected to cross the Piave by breaking the Austrian defenses at Papadopoli Island. The <a href="/wiki/3rd_Army_(Italy)" title="3rd Army (Italy)">Third Army</a> was simply to hold the lower Piave and cross the river when enemy resistance was broken. The Ninth Army, which contained two Italian divisions as well as the <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Legion_in_Italy" title="Czechoslovak Legion in Italy">6th Czechoslovak Division</a> (consisting of former <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">POWs</a> captured by the Italians),<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 332nd US Infantry Regiment, was held in reserve. The Allies had 600 aircraft (93 Anglo-French, including four <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">RAF</a> squadrons) to gain complete <a href="/wiki/Air_superiority" class="mw-redirect" title="Air superiority">air superiority</a> in the final offensive.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Order_of_battle">Order of battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Order of battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>The Allies</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>(<a href="/wiki/Armando_Diaz" title="Armando Diaz">Armando Diaz</a>) </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventh Army (Italy)">7th Italian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Giulio_Cesare_Tassoni" title="Giulio Cesare Tassoni">Giulio Cesare Tassoni</a>): between the <a href="/wiki/Stelvio_Pass" title="Stelvio Pass">Stelvio</a> and the western shore of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Garda" title="Lake Garda">Lake Garda</a>. <ul><li>2 Army corps</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="First Army (Italy)">1st Italian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Pecori_Giraldi" title="Guglielmo Pecori Giraldi">Guglielmo Pecori Giraldi</a>): from the west bank of the Lake Garda to the Val d'Astico. <ul><li>3 Army corps</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Italian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="6th Italian Army">6th Italian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luca_Montuori" title="Luca Montuori">Luca Montuori</a>): from the plateau of Asiago to the left bank of the Brenta. <ul><li>3 Army corps</li> <li>British 48th Division</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Italian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="4th Italian Army">4th Italian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Giardino" title="Gaetano Giardino">Gaetano Giardino</a>): Monte Grappa to <a href="/wiki/Cima_Palon" title="Cima Palon">Cima Palon</a>. <ul><li>3 army corps</li> <li>4 assault groups</li> <li>1 regiment of cavalry.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Army_(Italy)" title="Twelfth Army (Italy)">12th Franco-Italian Army</a> (French General <a href="/wiki/Jean_C%C3%A9sar_Graziani" title="Jean César Graziani">Jean César Graziani</a>): from Monte Tomba up to the bridges of <a href="/wiki/Vidor" title="Vidor">Vidor</a> on the Piave. <ul><li>1 Italian Army corps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Army_Corps_(France)" title="12th Army Corps (France)">12th French Army Corps</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighth Army (Italy)">8th Italian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caviglia" title="Enrico Caviglia">Enrico Caviglia</a>): along the Piave, from Vidor to Priula Bridge. <ul><li>4 Army corps</li> <li>The assault corps of General Francesco Saverio Grazioli.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenth Army (Italy)">10th British-Italian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rudolph_Lambart,_10th_Earl_of_Cavan" title="Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan">Earl of Cavan</a>) along the Piave from Ponte Priula to Ponte di Piave. <ul><li>XI Corps<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Italy) of Lt. General Giuseppe Paolini<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XIV_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XIV Corps (United Kingdom)">14th British Corps</a> of General <a href="/wiki/James_Melville_Babington" title="James Melville Babington">James Melville Babington</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/332nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="332nd Infantry Regiment (United States)">332nd Infantry Regiment (United States)</a> of Col. William Wallace</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Italian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Italian Army">3rd Italian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prince_Emanuele_Filiberto,_Duke_of_Aosta_(1869%E2%80%931931)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta (1869–1931)">Duke of Aosta</a>): from Ponte di Piave to the sea. <ul><li>2 Army Corps</li> <li>2 assault units</li> <li>3 cavalry regiments</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Army (Italy)">9th Italian Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Morrone" title="Paolo Morrone">Paolo Morrone</a>) : in reserve. <ul><li>2 Army corps</li> <li>1 cavalry corps</li> <li>6th Czechoslovak Division</li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>Austria-Hungary</b><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Heeresgruppe Erzherzog Joseph (or <i>Heeresgruppe Tirol</i>) (<a href="/wiki/Archduke_Joseph_August_of_Austria" title="Archduke Joseph August of Austria">Archduke Joseph of Austria</a>, from 26 October <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Krobatin" title="Alexander von Krobatin">Alexander von Krobatin</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Army_(Austria-Hungary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenth Army (Austria-Hungary)">10th Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Krobatin" title="Alexander von Krobatin">Alexander von Krobatin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Army_(Austria-Hungary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleventh Army (Austria-Hungary)">11th Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Viktor_Graf_von_Scheuchenstuel" title="Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel">Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>Heeresgruppe Boroević (<a href="/wiki/Svetozar_Boroevi%C4%87" title="Svetozar Boroević">Svetozar Boroević</a>) <ul><li>Armeegruppe Belluno (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinand_Goglia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinand Goglia (page does not exist)">Ferdinand Goglia</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Goglia" class="extiw" title="de:Ferdinand Goglia">de</a>]</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Army_(Austria-Hungary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth Army (Austria-Hungary)">6th Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alois_Sch%C3%B6nburg-Hartenstein" title="Alois Schönburg-Hartenstein">Alois Schönburg-Hartenstein</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Army_(Austria-Hungary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifth Army (Austria-Hungary)">5th Army</a> (<i>Isonzo Armee</i>) (<a href="/wiki/Wenzel_Freiherr_von_Wurm" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenzel Freiherr von Wurm">Wenzel Freiherr von Wurm</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prelude">Prelude</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prelude"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As night fell on 23 October, leading elements of Lord Cavan's Tenth Army were to force a crossing at a point where there were a number of islands. Cavan had decided to seize the largest of these – the Grave di Papadopoli – in preparation for the full-scale assault on the far bank. The plan was for two battalions from the <a href="/wiki/22nd_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="22nd Brigade (United Kingdom)">22nd Brigade</a> of the British 7th Division to occupy the northern half of Papadopoli, while the Italian 11th Corps took the southern half.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilks_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilks-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British troops detailed for the night attack were the 2/1 <a href="/wiki/Honourable_Artillery_Company" title="Honourable Artillery Company">Honourable Artillery Company</a> (an infantry battalion despite the title) and the 1/ <a href="/wiki/Royal_Welch_Fusiliers" title="Royal Welch Fusiliers">Royal Welch Fusiliers</a>. These troops were helpless to negotiate such a torrent as the Piave and relied upon boats propelled by the 18th <i>Pontieri</i> under the command of Captain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Odini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odini (page does not exist)">Odini</a> of the Italian engineers. On the misty night of the 23rd, the Italians rowed the British forces across with a calm assurance and skill which amazed many of those who were more frightened of drowning than of fighting the Austrians. For the sake of silence, the HAC used only their <a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">bayonets</a> until the alarm was raised, and soon seized their half of the island. The Italian assault on the south of Papadopoli was driven off by heavy machine-gun fire. Nevertheless, the Austrians surrendered the island by the end of the night.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sul_Grappa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Sul_Grappa.jpg/280px-Sul_Grappa.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="344" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Sul_Grappa.jpg/420px-Sul_Grappa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Sul_Grappa.jpg/560px-Sul_Grappa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1267" data-file-height="1556" /></a><figcaption>Italian machine gunners on <a href="/wiki/Monte_Grappa" title="Monte Grappa">Monte Grappa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the early hours of 24 October, the anniversary of the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Battle of Caporetto</a>, <i>Comando Supremo</i> launched the splintering<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Diversionary? (August 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> attack on <a href="/wiki/Monte_Grappa" title="Monte Grappa">Monte Grappa</a> designed to draw in the Austro-Hungarian reserves. At 03:00 the right wing of the Italian Fourth Army began a <a href="/wiki/Barrage_(artillery)" title="Barrage (artillery)">barrage</a> to give time for its men to move into position. At 05:00 the rest of the artillery joined in. The infantry began to struggle up the steep slopes and secondary peaks which the Austrians had held. The flooding of the Piave prevented two of the three central armies from advancing simultaneously with the third; but the latter, under the command of Earl Cavan, after seizing Papadopoli Island farther downstream, won a foothold on the left bank of the river on 27 October. In the evening, the Allies had covered so much ground that they were over-extended and vulnerable to a counter-attack. The Italian Tenth Army maintained its ground and established a bridgehead 2.5 miles (4.0 km) deep and 5 miles (8.0 km) broad. The British captured 3,520 prisoners and 54 guns.<sup id="cite_ref-Banyard_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banyard-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Svetozar_Boroevi%C4%87" title="Svetozar Boroević">Svetozar Boroević von Bojna</a>, the Austro-Hungarian commander, ordered a counter-attack on the Italian bridgeheads on the same day, but his troops refused to obey orders, a problem confronting the Austrians from that time on, and the counter-attack failed.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first days of the battle involved heavy artillery dueling between the two sides, which were fairly evenly matched in firepower, with the Italians possessing 7,700 guns to the Austro-Hungarians' 6,000. From 24 to 31 October alone, the Italian artillery fired 2,446,000 shells.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 October, a group of <a href="/wiki/History_of_Czechoslovakia" title="History of Czechoslovakia">Czechs</a> declared <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>'s independence from <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>. The next day, another group purporting to represent the eventual <a href="/wiki/State_of_Slovenes,_Croats_and_Serbs" title="State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs">South Slavs</a> proclaimed their independence, and on 31 October, the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="National Assembly (Hungary)">Hungarian Parliament</a> proclaimed their withdrawal from the union, officially dissolving the Austro-Hungarian state. On 28 October, under these new political and military conditions, the Austro-Hungarian high command ordered a general retreat.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 29 October, the Italian Eighth Army pushed on towards Vittorio Veneto, which its advance guard of <a href="/wiki/Lancer" title="Lancer">lancers</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Bersaglieri" title="Bersaglieri">Bersaglieri</a></i> cyclists entered on the morning of the 30th. The Italian Third Army forced a crossing of the lower Piave, while raids in the mountains disclosed that the Austrians were withdrawing there. Reserves, including the <a href="/wiki/332nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="332nd Infantry Regiment (United States)">332nd US Infantry Regiment</a> poured over the Piave behind the Italian Tenth Army.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Vittorio Veneto was seized the next day by the Italian Eighth Army, which was already pushing on to the <a href="/wiki/Tagliamento" title="Tagliamento">Tagliamento</a> river. <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> was taken by an amphibious expedition on 3 November. The Italian Eighth Army troops which had managed to cross the Piave were only able to communicate with the west bank by using swimmers. The swimmers were furnished by one of the most elite assault units in Italian history – the <a href="/wiki/Arditi" title="Arditi">Arditi</a> Corps, the <i>Caimani del Piave</i> ("<a href="/wiki/Caiman" title="Caiman">Caimans</a> of the Piave"). Eighty-two had been recruited by Captain Remo Pontecorvo Bacci. These specialized troops were created after analyzing the mistakes the year before at Caporetto. Carrying a <i><a href="/wiki/Resolza" title="Resolza">resolza</a></i> knife and two <a href="/wiki/Hand_grenade" class="mw-redirect" title="Hand grenade">hand grenades</a>, they were trained to remain in the powerful currents of the icy Piave for up to 16 hours; 50 died in the river during the campaign, a casualty rate of over 60%.<sup id="cite_ref-Banyard_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banyard-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Italian Twelfth Army, commanded by French General <a href="/wiki/Jean_C%C3%A9sar_Graziani" title="Jean César Graziani">Jean Graziani</a>, continued to advance, supported on the right by the Eighth Army.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>At dawn on the 31st, the Italian Fourth Army resumed the offensive on Monte Grappa and this time was able to advance beyond the old Austrian positions towards <a href="/wiki/Feltre" title="Feltre">Feltre</a>. In the mountains and on the plain, the Allied armies pushed on until an <a href="/wiki/Armistice" title="Armistice">armistice</a> was arranged. Austria-Hungary lost about 30,000 killed and wounded and 300,000 prisoners (50,000 by 31 October; 100,000 by 1 November; 300,000 by 4 November).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-firstworldwar.com_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-firstworldwar.com-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (October 2020)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> The Italians captured 448,000 Austrian-Hungarian soldiers (about one-third of the imperial-royal army), 24 of whom were generals,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 5,600 cannons and mortars, and 4,000 <a href="/wiki/Heavy_machine_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy machine guns">machine guns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Italians suffered during the 10 days' struggle 37,461 casualties (dead and wounded) – 24,507 of them on Monte Grappa.<sup id="cite_ref-Cervone_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cervone-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (October 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> British casualties were 2,139, while the French lost 778 men.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Villa_Giusti" title="Armistice of Villa Giusti">Armistice of Villa Giusti</a> was signed on 3 November at 15:20, to become effective 24 hours later, at 15:00 on 4 November.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liberazione_di_Trieste.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Liberazione_di_Trieste.jpg/250px-Liberazione_di_Trieste.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Liberazione_di_Trieste.jpg/375px-Liberazione_di_Trieste.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Liberazione_di_Trieste.jpg/500px-Liberazione_di_Trieste.jpg 2x" data-file-width="982" data-file-height="819" /></a><figcaption>Italian troops landing in Trieste, 3 November 1918</figcaption></figure> <p>The Austrian command ordered its troops to cease hostilities on 3 November. Following the signing of the armistice, Austrian <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Weber_Edler_von_Webenau" title="Viktor Weber Edler von Webenau">General Weber</a> informed his Italian counterparts that the Imperial army had already laid down its weapons, and asked to cease combat immediately and to stop any further Italian advance. The proposal was sharply rejected by the Italian General <a href="/wiki/Badoglio" class="mw-redirect" title="Badoglio">Badoglio</a>, who threatened to stop all negotiations and to continue the war. General Weber repeated the request.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (October 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Even before the order to cease hostilities, the Imperial Army had already started to collapse, beginning a chaotic retreat.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (October 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Italian troops continued their advance until 3 p.m. on 4 November. The occupation of all Tyrol, including <a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a>, was completed by end of November.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the terms of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian-Italian_Armistice_of_Villa_Giusti" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian-Italian Armistice of Villa Giusti">Austrian-Italian Armistice of Villa Giusti</a>, Austria-Hungary's forces were required to evacuate not only all territory occupied since August 1914 but also South Tirol, <a href="/wiki/Tarvisio" title="Tarvisio">Tarvisio</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Isonzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Isonzo">Isonzo</a> Valley, <a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a>, western <a href="/wiki/Carniola" title="Carniola">Carniola</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>. All German forces should be expelled from Austria-Hungary within 15 days or interned, and the Allies were to have free use of Austria-Hungary's internal communications. They were also obliged to allow the transit of the <a href="/wiki/Entente_cordiale" class="mw-redirect" title="Entente cordiale">Entente</a> armies, to reach <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a> from the South.<sup id="cite_ref-Cervone_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cervone-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (October 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In order to block this, Bavarian troops marched into Tyrol. Austrian institutions protested as they were obliged to do according to the terms of the armistice. Apart from the blowing up of a bridge south of <a href="/wiki/Brixen" title="Brixen">Brixen</a> to slow down Italian advances no combats ensued. The Bavarians retreated as soon as Italian troops arrived. Thus they left <a href="/wiki/Franzensfeste" title="Franzensfeste">Franzensfeste</a> on 9 November and <a href="/wiki/Gossensass" class="mw-redirect" title="Gossensass">Gossensass</a> on 10 November. The discipline of the soldiers also suffered from the fact that the German socialist <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Eisner" title="Kurt Eisner">Kurt Eisner</a> had declared <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> to become the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_State_of_Bavaria" title="People's State of Bavaria">People's State of Bavaria</a>, on 8 November 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early November Italian troops received orders to march towards <a href="/wiki/Landeck" title="Landeck">Landeck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a> and by the end of November 1918, the Italian Army with 20,000–22,000 soldiers occupied <a href="/wiki/North_Tyrol" title="North Tyrol">North Tyrol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The battle marked the end of the First World War on the Italian front and secured the end of the Austro-Hungarian empire.<sup id="cite_ref-Luden_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luden-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plan_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As mentioned above, on 31 October Hungary officially left the personal union with Austria. Other parts of the empire had declared independence, notably what later became <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>. The surrender of their primary ally was another major factor in the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a>'s decision that they could no longer continue the war.<sup id="cite_ref-Luden_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luden-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the night of 29 to 30 October 1918 the <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmshaven_mutiny" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelmshaven mutiny">Wilhelmshaven mutiny</a> erupted; shortly afterwards the <a href="/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919" class="mw-redirect" title="German Revolution of 1918–1919">German Revolution of 1918–1919</a> started to spread from <a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kiel_mutiny" title="Kiel mutiny">Kiel mutiny</a>). Less than a week after the Austro-Hungarians, the Germans requested an armistice. <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918" title="Armistice of 11 November 1918">The Armistice</a> was signed at 5:00 a.m. of 11 November 1918 and came into force at 11:00 a.m. <a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assessment">Assessment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Assessment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>German chief-of-staff <a href="/wiki/Erich_Ludendorff" title="Erich Ludendorff">Erich Ludendorff</a>, a prominent World War I figure, stressed the importance of the battle, claiming that its outcome prompted the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, "dragging Germany in its fall".<sup id="cite_ref-Luden_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luden-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his memories Ludendorff wrote: "The Austro-Hungarian Army had completely dissolved as a result of the fighting in Upper Italy between the 24th October and the 4th November. Hostile forces were moving on Innsbruck. G.H.Q. took comprehensive measures for the protection of the southern frontier of Bavaria. In the Balkan theatre we held the Danube. We stood alone in the world. At the beginning of November the Revolution, the work of the Independent Socialists, broke out, starting in the navy."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> German historian <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Nolte" title="Ernst Nolte">Ernst Nolte</a> contended that Vittorio Veneto was "an encounter which had merely given the <a href="/wiki/Coup_de_grace" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup de grace">coup de grace</a> to the abandoned army of an already crumbling state."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy-Stamp-1921-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Postage stamp, Italy, 1921"><img alt="Postage stamp, Italy, 1921" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Italy-Stamp-1921-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg/217px-Italy-Stamp-1921-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Italy-Stamp-1921-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg/326px-Italy-Stamp-1921-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Italy-Stamp-1921-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg/434px-Italy-Stamp-1921-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Postage stamp, Italy, 1921</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:280_mm_ita.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italian heavy artillery 280mm howitzer"><img alt="Italian heavy artillery 280mm howitzer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/280_mm_ita.jpg/250px-280_mm_ita.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/280_mm_ita.jpg/375px-280_mm_ita.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/280_mm_ita.jpg/500px-280_mm_ita.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1474" data-file-height="931" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Italian heavy artillery 280mm howitzer</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_Q25946.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italian troops in Val d'Assa"><img alt="Italian troops in Val d'Assa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_Q25946.jpg/203px-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_Q25946.jpg" decoding="async" width="203" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_Q25946.jpg/304px-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_Q25946.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_Q25946.jpg/406px-Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_Q25946.jpg 2x" data-file-width="649" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Italian troops in Val d'Assa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Passaggio_del_Piave.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italian troops cross the Piave"><img alt="Italian troops cross the Piave" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Passaggio_del_Piave.jpg/250px-Passaggio_del_Piave.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Passaggio_del_Piave.jpg/375px-Passaggio_del_Piave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Passaggio_del_Piave.jpg/500px-Passaggio_del_Piave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="837" data-file-height="596" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Italian troops cross the <a href="/wiki/Piave_(river)" title="Piave (river)">Piave</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Onthe_march.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="American troops of the 332nd Infantry Regiment advance through Grave di Papadopoli during the latter stages of the offensive on the afternoon of 31 October 1918"><img alt="American troops of the 332nd Infantry Regiment advance through Grave di Papadopoli during the latter stages of the offensive on the afternoon of 31 October 1918" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Onthe_march.jpg/250px-Onthe_march.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Onthe_march.jpg/375px-Onthe_march.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Onthe_march.jpg/500px-Onthe_march.jpg 2x" data-file-width="682" data-file-height="483" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">American troops of the <a href="/wiki/332nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="332nd Infantry Regiment (United States)">332nd Infantry Regiment</a> advance through Grave di Papadopoli during the latter stages of the offensive on the afternoon of 31 October 1918</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vittorio_Veneto1918IWM.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italian and British troops passing abandoned Austro-Hungarian artillery on the Val d'Assa mountain road, 2 November 1918"><img alt="Italian and British troops passing abandoned Austro-Hungarian artillery on the Val d'Assa mountain road, 2 November 1918" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Vittorio_Veneto1918IWM.jpg/203px-Vittorio_Veneto1918IWM.jpg" decoding="async" width="203" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Vittorio_Veneto1918IWM.jpg/305px-Vittorio_Veneto1918IWM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Vittorio_Veneto1918IWM.jpg/407px-Vittorio_Veneto1918IWM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="651" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Italian and British troops passing abandoned Austro-Hungarian artillery on the Val d'Assa mountain road, 2 November 1918</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trento_3_novembre_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italian cavalry reaches Trento on 3 November 1918"><img alt="Italian cavalry reaches Trento on 3 November 1918" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Trento_3_novembre_1918.jpg/250px-Trento_3_novembre_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Trento_3_novembre_1918.jpg/375px-Trento_3_novembre_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Trento_3_novembre_1918.jpg/500px-Trento_3_novembre_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="339" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Italian cavalry reaches <a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a> on 3 November 1918</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italian_Arditi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Members of the Arditi Corps wielding daggers, 1918"><img alt="Members of the Arditi Corps wielding daggers, 1918" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Italian_Arditi.jpg/250px-Italian_Arditi.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Italian_Arditi.jpg/375px-Italian_Arditi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Italian_Arditi.jpg/500px-Italian_Arditi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="471" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Arditi" title="Arditi">Arditi</a> Corps wielding daggers, 1918</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WWI_-_Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_-_Austro-Hungarian_prisoners.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austrian prisoners of war taken during the Battle of Vittorio Veneto"><img alt="Austrian prisoners of war taken during the Battle of Vittorio Veneto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/WWI_-_Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_-_Austro-Hungarian_prisoners.jpg/166px-WWI_-_Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_-_Austro-Hungarian_prisoners.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/WWI_-_Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_-_Austro-Hungarian_prisoners.jpg/249px-WWI_-_Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_-_Austro-Hungarian_prisoners.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/WWI_-_Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_-_Austro-Hungarian_prisoners.jpg/333px-WWI_-_Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto_-_Austro-Hungarian_prisoners.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3012" data-file-height="4525" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Austrian prisoners of war taken during the Battle of Vittorio Veneto</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bollettino_della_Vittoria" title="Bollettino della Vittoria">Bollettino della Vittoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Piave_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Piave River">Battle of the Piave River</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-victory-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-victory_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-victory_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBurgwyn1997" class="citation book cs1">Burgwyn, H. James (1997). <i>Italian foreign policy in the interwar period, 1918–1940</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-94877-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-275-94877-3"><bdi>0-275-94877-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Italian+foreign+policy+in+the+interwar+period%2C+1918%E2%80%931940&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-275-94877-3&rft.aulast=Burgwyn&rft.aufirst=H.+James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchindler2001" class="citation book cs1">Schindler, John R. (2001). <i>Isonzo: The Forgotten Sacrifice of the Great War</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 303. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-97204-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-275-97204-6"><bdi>0-275-97204-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Isonzo%3A+The+Forgotten+Sacrifice+of+the+Great+War&rft.pages=303&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-275-97204-6&rft.aulast=Schindler&rft.aufirst=John+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMack_Smith1982" class="citation book cs1">Mack Smith, Denis (1982). <i>Mussolini</i>. Knopf. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-50694-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-50694-4"><bdi>0-394-50694-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mussolini&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-394-50694-4&rft.aulast=Mack+Smith&rft.aufirst=Denis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Luden-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Luden_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Luden_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Luden_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Luden_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Luden_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaoletti2008" class="citation book cs1">Paoletti, Ciro (2008). <i>A Military History of Italy</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-98505-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-98505-9"><bdi>978-0-275-98505-9</bdi></a>. <q>... <a href="/wiki/Erich_Ludendorff" title="Erich Ludendorff">Ludendorff</a> wrote: <i>In Vittorio Veneto, Austria did not lose a battle, but lose the war and itself, dragging Germany in its fall. Without the destructive battle of Vittorio Veneto, we would have been able, in a military union with the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, to continue the desperate resistance through the whole winter, in order to obtain a less harsh peace, because the Allies were very fatigued.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Military+History+of+Italy&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-275-98505-9&rft.aulast=Paoletti&rft.aufirst=Ciro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pdfcoffee.com/paolettia-military-history-of-italy9780275985059-pdf-free.html">internet version</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-plan-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-plan_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plan_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall_Cavendish_Corporation2002" class="citation book cs1">Marshall Cavendish Corporation (2002). <i>History of World War I</i>. Marshall Cavendish. pp. <span class="nowrap">715–</span>716. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7614-7234-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7614-7234-7"><bdi>0-7614-7234-7</bdi></a>. <q>The Battle of Vittorio Veneto during October and November saw the Austro-Hungarian forces collapse in disarray. Thereafter the empire fell apart rapidly.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+World+War+I&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E715-%3C%2Fspan%3E716&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7614-7234-7&rft.au=Marshall+Cavendish+Corporation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_iALBAAAQBAJ&q=%22contributing+to+the+final+collapse%22&pg=PA319"><i>World War I: The Definitive Visual History from Sarajevo to Versailles</i></a>. Penguin. 2014. p. 319. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4654-3490-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4654-3490-6"><bdi>978-1-4654-3490-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+War+I%3A+The+Definitive+Visual+History+from+Sarajevo+to+Versailles&rft.pages=319&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4654-3490-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_iALBAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522contributing%2Bto%2Bthe%2Bfinal%2Bcollapse%2522%26pg%3DPA319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stevenson157-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stevenson157_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stevenson157_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevenson2011" class="citation book cs1">Stevenson, David (19 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=06KYLGALKNEC&pg=PA157"><i>With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918</i></a>. Harvard University Press. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-06226-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-06226-9"><bdi>978-0-674-06226-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2015</span>. <q>According to the Commando supremo the Allies had 57 divisions and 7,700 guns.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=With+Our+Backs+to+the+Wall%3A+Victory+and+Defeat+in+1918&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2011-09-19&rft.isbn=978-0-674-06226-9&rft.aulast=Stevenson&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D06KYLGALKNEC%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistics of the Military Effort of the British Empire During the Great War 1914–1920, The War Office, pp. 356–357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMack_Smith1982" class="citation book cs1">Mack Smith, Denis (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mussolini0000mack/page/31"><i>Mussolini</i></a>. Knopf. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mussolini0000mack/page/31">31</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-50694-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-50694-4"><bdi>0-394-50694-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mussolini&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-394-50694-4&rft.aulast=Mack+Smith&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmussolini0000mack%2Fpage%2F31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Thompson_(historian)" title="Mark Thompson (historian)">Mark Thompson</a>, <i>The White War: Life and Death on the Italian Front 1915–1919</i>. Basic Books, 17 March 2009. p. 363.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnaldi2005" class="citation book cs1">Arnaldi, Girolamo (2005). <i>Italy and Its Invaders</i>. Harvard University Press. p. 194. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-01870-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-01870-2"><bdi>0-674-01870-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Italy+and+Its+Invaders&rft.pages=194&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-674-01870-2&rft.aulast=Arnaldi&rft.aufirst=Girolamo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071107155451/http://www.hipkiss.org/data/maps/london-geographical-institute_the-peoples-atlas_1920_italy_3012_3992_600.jpg">"Historical Maps of Italy: Italy, 1920 (London Geographical Institute)"</a>. <i>Edmaps.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hipkiss.org/data/maps/london-geographical-institute_the-peoples-atlas_1920_italy_3012_3992_600.jpg">the original</a> on 7 November 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Edmaps.com&rft.atitle=Historical+Maps+of+Italy%3A+Italy%2C+1920+%28London+Geographical+Institute%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hipkiss.org%2Fdata%2Fmaps%2Flondon-geographical-institute_the-peoples-atlas_1920_italy_3012_3992_600.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span> Vittorio is shown due north of Venice, south of <a href="/wiki/Belluno" title="Belluno">Belluno</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCeva2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ceva, Giulio (2005). <i>Teatri di guerra. Comandi, soldati e scrittori nei conflitti europei</i> (in Italian). Franco Angeli Editore. p. 142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8846466802" title="Special:BookSources/8846466802"><bdi>8846466802</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Teatri+di+guerra.+Comandi%2C+soldati+e+scrittori+nei+conflitti+europei&rft.pages=142&rft.pub=Franco+Angeli+Editore&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=8846466802&rft.aulast=Ceva&rft.aufirst=Giulio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Caporetto is the Italian name of the town of <a href="/wiki/Kobarid" title="Kobarid">Kobarid</a>, today in <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClodfelter2017419_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClodfelter2017">Clodfelter 2017</a>, p. 419.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Gerwarth2020" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gerwarth" title="Robert Gerwarth">Robert Gerwarth</a> (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyrtDwAAQBAJ&dq=1918+%22Vittorio+Veneto%22+already+in+disintegration&pg=PA65"><i>November 1918 The German Revolution</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780192606334" title="Special:BookSources/9780192606334"><bdi>9780192606334</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=November+1918+The+German+Revolution&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780192606334&rft.au=Robert+Gerwarth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZyrtDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D1918%2B%2522Vittorio%2BVeneto%2522%2Balready%2Bin%2Bdisintegration%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeton-Watson1967" class="citation book cs1">Seton-Watson, Christopher (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/italyfromliberal0000seto/page/500"><i>Italy from Liberalism to Fascism, 1870–1925</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/italyfromliberal0000seto/page/500">500</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-416-18940-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-416-18940-7"><bdi>0-416-18940-7</bdi></a>. <q><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Foch" title="Ferdinand Foch">Foch</a> urged Diaz to exploit the success. Diaz, knowing his troops were weary and short of munitions, confined himself to local operations.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Italy+from+Liberalism+to+Fascism%2C+1870%E2%80%931925&rft.pages=500&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=0-416-18940-7&rft.aulast=Seton-Watson&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fitalyfromliberal0000seto%2Fpage%2F500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-firstworldwar.com-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-firstworldwar.com_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-firstworldwar.com_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuffy2013" class="citation web cs1">Duffy, Michael (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/vittorioveneto.htm">"The Battle of Vittorio Veneto, 1918"</a>. <i>First World War.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=First+World+War.com&rft.atitle=The+Battle+of+Vittorio+Veneto%2C+1918&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Duffy&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstworldwar.com%2Fbattles%2Fvittorioveneto.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (October 2020)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 str., vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karviná) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3">978-80-87173-47-3</a>, pp. 101–02, 124–25, 128–29, 132, 140–58, 184–90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">War Monthly (Issue 31): Vittorio Veneto, pp. 33–34 by Peter Banyard</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPieropan2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pieropan, Gianni (2009). <i>Storia della Grande Guerra sul fronte italiano. 1914–1918</i> (in Italian). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Austro-Hungarian+Land+Forces+1848%E2%80%931918&rft.atitle=Austro-Hungarian+Army+Higher+Commands+1914%E2%80%931918&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Jewison&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.au=Steiner%2C+J%C3%B6rg+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk%2Fcommands.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilks-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wilks_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilks p.136</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">War Monthly (Issue 31): Vittorio Veneto, p. 35 by Peter Banyard.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Banyard-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Banyard_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banyard_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Banyard. 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(1974). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anschlussmovemen00lowa"><i>The Anschluss Movement, 1918–1919, and the Paris Peace Conference</i></a></span>. 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New York: Mentor. p. 234.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Three+Faces+of+Fascism%3A+Action+Fran%C3%A7aise%2C+Italian+fascism%2C+National+Socialism&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=234&rft.pub=Mentor&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Nolte&rft.aufirst=Ernst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Battle of Vittorio Veneto">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClodfelter2017" class="citation book cs1">Clodfelter, M. (2017). <i>Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015</i> (4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0786474707" title="Special:BookSources/978-0786474707"><bdi>978-0786474707</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Warfare+and+Armed+Conflicts%3A+A+Statistical+Encyclopedia+of+Casualty+and+Other+Figures%2C+1492%E2%80%932015&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+North+Carolina&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0786474707&rft.aulast=Clodfelter&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>John Gooch<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2014). <i>The Italian Army and the First World War</i>. Cambridge University Press.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilksWilks1998" class="citation book cs1">Wilks, John; Wilks, Eileen (1998). <i>The British Army in Italy 1917–1918</i>. Pen and Sword. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0850526080" title="Special:BookSources/978-0850526080"><bdi>978-0850526080</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+British+Army+in+Italy+1917%E2%80%931918&rft.pub=Pen+and+Sword&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0850526080&rft.aulast=Wilks&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Wilks%2C+Eileen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Vittorio+Veneto" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_War_I23293" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_War_I" title="Template:World War I"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_War_I" title="Template talk:World War I"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_War_I" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World War I"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_War_I23293" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_World_War_I" title="Outline of World War I">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_engagements_of_World_War_I" title="List of military engagements of World War I">Military engagements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_World_War_I" title="Aftermath of World War I">Aftermath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_World_War_I" title="Economic history of World War I">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_geography_in_World_War_I" title="Role of geography in World War I">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_World_War_I" title="Historiography of World War I">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_front_during_World_War_I" title="Home front during World War I">Home fronts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_memorials" title="World War I memorials">Memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_World_War_I" title="Opposition to World War I">Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_in_popular_culture" title="World War I in popular culture">Popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_World_War_I" title="Propaganda in World War I">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_I_puppet_states" title="List of World War I puppet states">Puppet states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_during_World_War_I" title="Technology during World War I">Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Theatres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/European_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="European theatre of World War I">European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans_theatre" title="Balkans theatre">Balkans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_campaign" title="Serbian campaign">Serbia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Eastern Front (World War I)">Eastern Front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_I" title="Romania in World War I">Romania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_front_(World_War_I)" title="Italian front (World War I)">Italian Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="Middle Eastern theatre of World War I">Middle Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_campaign" title="Gallipoli campaign">Gallipoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_and_Palestine_campaign" title="Sinai and Palestine campaign">Sinai and Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_campaign" title="Caucasus campaign">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_campaign_(World_War_I)" title="Persian campaign (World War I)">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamian_campaign" title="Mesopotamian campaign">Mesopotamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Revolt" title="Arab Revolt">Hejaz & Levant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/African_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="African theatre of World War I">African</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_West_Africa_campaign" title="South West Africa campaign">South West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_African_campaign_(World_War_I)" title="East African campaign (World War I)">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamerun_campaign" title="Kamerun campaign">Kamerun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togoland_campaign" title="Togoland campaign">Togoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_operations_in_North_Africa_during_World_War_I" title="Military operations in North Africa during World War I">North</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Asian_and_Pacific_theatre_of_World_War_I" title="Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I">Asian and Pacific</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tsingtao" title="Siege of Tsingtao">Tsingtao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_German_Samoa" title="Occupation of German Samoa">German Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_occupation_of_German_New_Guinea" title="Allied occupation of German New Guinea">German New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_of_World_War_I" title="Naval warfare of World War I">Naval warfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U-boat_campaign" title="U-boat campaign">U-boat campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_U-boat_campaign_of_World_War_I" title="Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I">North Atlantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_in_the_Mediterranean_during_World_War_I" title="Naval warfare in the Mediterranean during World War I">Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Principal<br />participants</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I" title="Allies of World War I">Entente Powers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_leaders_of_World_War_I" title="Allied leaders of World War I">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium_in_World_War_I" title="Belgium in World War I">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil_during_World_War_I" title="Brazil during World War I">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_during_World_War_I" title="China during World War I">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Army_in_World_War_I" title="French Army in World War I">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French Empire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece_during_World_War_I" title="Greece during World War I">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hejaz" title="Kingdom of Hejaz">Hejaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_I" title="Military history of Italy during World War I">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_during_World_War_I" title="Japan during World War I">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montenegro#World_War_I" title="History of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal_during_World_War_I" title="Portugal during World War I">Portuguese Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_I" title="Romania in World War I">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_First_World_War" title="Russia in the First World War">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russia_(1894%E2%80%931917)#Russia_at_war,_1914–1916" title="History of Russia (1894–1917)">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Republic" title="Russian Republic">Russian Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Serbia#Serbia_in_World_War_I_(1914–1918)" title="History of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siam_in_World_War_I" title="Siam in World War I">Siam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_the_First_World_War" title="History of the United Kingdom during the First World War">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_World_War_I" title="United States in World War I">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_of_World_War_I" title="Leaders of the Central Powers of World War I">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Austria-Hungary_during_World_War_I" title="History of Austria-Hungary during World War I">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire_in_World_War_I" title="Ottoman Empire in World War I">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_I" title="Bulgaria during World War I">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senussi_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Senussi Campaign">Senussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritz_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritz Rebellion">South African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Darfur" title="Sultanate of Darfur">Darfur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_I" title="Timeline of World War I">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Pre-War conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a> (1870–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa" title="Scramble for Africa">Scramble for Africa</a> (1880–1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Moroccan_Crisis" title="First Moroccan Crisis">Tangier Crisis</a> (1905–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Crisis" title="Bosnian Crisis">Bosnian Crisis</a> (1908–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agadir_Crisis" title="Agadir Crisis">Agadir Crisis</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Turkish_War" title="Italo-Turkish War">Italo-Turkish War</a> (1911–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a> (1912–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</a> (1913)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_World_War_I" title="Causes of World War I">Origins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_causes_of_World_War_I" title="Historiography of the causes of World War I">Historiography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand" title="Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand">Sarajevo assassination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Serb_riots_in_Sarajevo" title="Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo">Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_Crisis" title="July Crisis">July Crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">1914</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Belgium_(1914)" title="German invasion of Belgium (1914)">German invasion of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Frontiers" title="Battle of the Frontiers">Battle of the Frontiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cer" title="Battle of Cer">Battle of Cer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Galicia" title="Battle of Galicia">Battle of Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_East_Prussia_(1914)" title="Russian invasion of East Prussia (1914)">Russian invasion of East Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tannenberg" title="Battle of Tannenberg">Battle of Tannenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tsingtao" title="Siege of Tsingtao">Siege of Tsingtao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Masurian_Lakes" title="First Battle of the Masurian Lakes">First Battle of the Masurian Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grand_Couronn%C3%A9" title="Battle of Grand Couronné">Battle of Grand Couronné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Marne" title="First Battle of the Marne">First Battle of the Marne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Przemy%C5%9Bl" title="Siege of Przemyśl">Siege of Przemyśl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_to_the_Sea" title="Race to the Sea">Race to the Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Ypres" title="First Battle of Ypres">First Battle of Ypres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_raid" title="Black Sea raid">Black Sea raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kolubara" title="Battle of Kolubara">Battle of Kolubara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarikamish" title="Battle of Sarikamish">Battle of Sarikamish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_truce" title="Christmas truce">Christmas truce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">1915</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Masurian_Lakes" title="Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes">Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%81om%C5%BCa" title="Battle of Łomża">Battle of Łomża</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Ypres" title="Second Battle of Ypres">Second Battle of Ypres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_RMS_Lusitania" title="Sinking of the RMS Lusitania">Sinking of the RMS <i>Lusitania</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_campaign" title="Gallipoli campaign">Battle of Gallipoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Artois" title="Second Battle of Artois">Second Battle of Artois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_the_Isonzo" title="Battles of the Isonzo">Battles of the Isonzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorlice%E2%80%93Tarn%C3%B3w_offensive" title="Gorlice–Tarnów offensive">Gorlice–Tarnów offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Retreat_(Russia)" title="Great Retreat (Russia)">Great Retreat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bug%E2%80%93Narew_Offensive" title="Bug–Narew Offensive">Bug-Narew Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novogeorgievsk" title="Siege of Novogeorgievsk">Siege of Novogeorgievsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistula%E2%80%93Bug_offensive" title="Vistula–Bug offensive">Vistula–Bug offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Champagne" title="Second Battle of Champagne">Second Battle of Champagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_offensive_(1915)" title="Kosovo offensive (1915)">Kosovo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kut" title="Siege of Kut">Siege of Kut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Loos" title="Battle of Loos">Battle of Loos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Robat_Karim" title="Battle of Robat Karim">Battle of Robat Karim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">1916</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erzurum_offensive" title="Erzurum offensive">Erzurum offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Verdun" title="Battle of Verdun">Battle of Verdun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Naroch_offensive" title="Lake Naroch offensive">Lake Naroch offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Asiago" title="Battle of Asiago">Battle of Asiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jutland" title="Battle of Jutland">Battle of Jutland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Somme" title="Battle of the Somme">Battle of the Somme</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_day_on_the_Somme" title="First day on the Somme">first day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brusilov_offensive" title="Brusilov offensive">Brusilov offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baranovichi_offensive" title="Baranovichi offensive">Baranovichi offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Romani" title="Battle of Romani">Battle of Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastir_offensive" title="Monastir offensive">Monastir offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Transylvania" title="Battle of Transylvania">Battle of Transylvania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_I_(1917%E2%80%931918)" title="Timeline of World War I (1917–1918)">1917</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Baghdad_(1917)" title="Fall of Baghdad (1917)">Capture of Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_Revolution" title="February Revolution">February Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimmermann_telegram" title="Zimmermann telegram">Zimmermann telegram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arras_(1917)" title="Battle of Arras (1917)">Second battle of Arras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_battle_of_the_Aisne" class="mw-redirect" title="Second battle of the Aisne">Second battle of the Aisne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerensky_offensive" title="Kerensky offensive">Kerensky offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C4%83r%C4%83%C8%99ti" title="Battle of Mărăști">Battle of Mărăști</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Passchendaele" title="Battle of Passchendaele">Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C4%83r%C4%83%C8%99e%C8%99ti" title="Battle of Mărășești">Battle of Mărășești</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Oituz" title="Third Battle of Oituz">Third Battle of Oituz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Battle of Caporetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Palestine_offensive" title="Southern Palestine offensive">Southern Palestine offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Malmaison" title="Battle of La Malmaison">Battle of La Malmaison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1917)" title="Battle of Cambrai (1917)">Battle of Cambrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Foc%C8%99ani" title="Armistice of Focșani">Armistice of Focșani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_between_Russia_and_the_Central_Powers" title="Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers">Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_I_(1917%E2%80%931918)" title="Timeline of World War I (1917–1918)">1918</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Faustschlag" title="Operation Faustschlag">Operation Faustschlag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk" title="Treaty of Brest-Litovsk">Treaty of Brest-Litovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_spring_offensive" title="German spring offensive">German spring offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeebrugge_Raid" title="Zeebrugge Raid">Zeebrugge Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Treaty of Bucharest of 1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Goychay" title="Battle of Goychay">Battle of Goychay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Piave_River" title="Second Battle of the Piave River">Second Battle of the Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Marne" title="Second Battle of the Marne">Second Battle of the Marne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days_Offensive" title="Hundred Days Offensive">Hundred Days Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vardar_offensive" title="Vardar offensive">Vardar offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Megiddo_(1918)" title="Battle of Megiddo (1918)">Battle of Megiddo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Transjordan_attack" title="Third Transjordan attack">Third Transjordan attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meuse%E2%80%93Argonne_offensive" title="Meuse–Argonne offensive">Meuse–Argonne offensive</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Salonica" title="Armistice of Salonica">Armistice of Salonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Mudros" title="Armistice of Mudros">Armistice of Mudros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Villa_Giusti" title="Armistice of Villa Giusti">Armistice of Villa Giusti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Romanian_campaign_of_World_War_I" title="Second Romanian campaign of World War I">Second Romanian campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918" title="Armistice of 11 November 1918">Armistice with Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollettino_della_Vittoria_Navale" title="Bollettino della Vittoria Navale">Naval Victory Bulletin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Belgrade" title="Armistice of Belgrade">Armistice of Belgrade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Co-belligerent conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland_campaign" title="Somaliland campaign">Somaliland campaign</a> (1900–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Revolution" title="Mexican Revolution">Mexican Revolution</a> (1910–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritz_rebellion" title="Maritz rebellion">Maritz rebellion</a> (1914–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_rebellion" title="Muscat rebellion">Muscat rebellion</a> (1913–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaian_War" title="Zaian War">Zaian War</a> (1914–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_rebellions_during_World_War_I" title="Kurdish rebellions during World War I">Kurdish rebellions</a> (1914–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovambo_Uprising" title="Ovambo Uprising">Ovambo Uprising</a> (1914–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelantan_rebellion" title="Kelantan rebellion">Kelantan rebellion</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senussi_campaign" title="Senussi campaign">Senussi campaign</a> (1915–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volta-Bani_War" title="Volta-Bani War">Volta-Bani War</a> (1915–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Protection_War" title="National Protection War">National Protection War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Revolt" title="Arab Revolt">Arab Revolt</a> (1916–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_revolt_of_1916" title="Central Asian revolt of 1916">Central Asian Revolt</a> (1916–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Darfur_(1916)" title="Invasion of Darfur (1916)">Invasion of Darfur</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaocen_revolt" title="Kaocen revolt">Kaocen revolt</a> (1916–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War" title="Finnish Civil War">Finnish Civil War</a> (1918)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Post-War conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a> (1917–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian%E2%80%93Soviet_War" title="Ukrainian–Soviet War">Ukrainian–Soviet War</a> (1917–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian%E2%80%93Azerbaijani_war_(1918%E2%80%931920)" title="Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)">Armenian–Azerbaijani War</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armeno-Georgian_War" title="Armeno-Georgian War">Armeno-Georgian War</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919" class="mw-redirect" title="German Revolution of 1918–1919">German Revolution</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_and_interventions_in_Hungary_(1918%E2%80%931920)" title="Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)">Revolutions and interventions in Hungary</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian%E2%80%93Romanian_War" title="Hungarian–Romanian War">Hungarian–Romanian War</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Poland_uprising_(1918%E2%80%931919)" title="Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)">Greater Poland Uprising</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_War_of_Independence" title="Estonian War of Independence">Estonian War of Independence</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_War_of_Independence" title="Latvian War of Independence">Latvian War of Independence</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Wars_of_Independence" title="Lithuanian Wars of Independence">Lithuanian Wars of Independence</a> (1918–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Ukrainian_War" title="Polish–Ukrainian War">Polish–Ukrainian War</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="Third Anglo-Afghan War">Third Anglo-Afghan War</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Egyptian_revolution" title="1919 Egyptian revolution">Egyptian Revolution</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_War" title="Polish–Lithuanian War">Polish–Lithuanian War</a> (1919–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Soviet_War" title="Polish–Soviet War">Polish–Soviet War</a> (1919–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence" title="Irish War of Independence">Irish War of Independence</a> (1919–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="Turkish War of Independence">Turkish War of Independence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_during_the_Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="United Kingdom during the Turkish War of Independence">Anglo-Turkish War</a> (1918–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Turkish_War" title="Franco-Turkish War">Franco-Turkish War</a> (1918–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)">Greco-Turkish War</a> (1919–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish%E2%80%93Armenian_War" title="Turkish–Armenian War">Turkish–Armenian War</a> (1920)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Revolt" title="Iraqi Revolt">Iraqi Revolt</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlora_War" title="Vlora War">Vlora War</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Syrian_War" title="Franco-Syrian War">Franco-Syrian War</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Army_invasion_of_Georgia" title="Red Army invasion of Georgia">Soviet–Georgian War</a> (1921)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Warfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_World_War_I" title="Aviation in World War I">Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing_during_World_War_I" title="Strategic bombing during World War I">Strategic bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapons_in_World_War_I" title="Chemical weapons in World War I">Chemical weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_cryptography" title="World War I cryptography">Cryptography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_World_War_I" title="Horses in World War I">Horses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistics_in_World_War_I" title="Logistics in World War I">Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_of_World_War_I" title="Naval warfare of World War I">Naval warfare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convoys_in_World_War_I" title="Convoys in World War I">Convoy system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">Trench warfare</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Conscription493" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Conscription</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_conscription_in_Australia" title="World War I conscription in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_Crisis_of_1917" title="Conscription Crisis of 1917">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seferberlik" title="Seferberlik">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recruitment_to_the_British_Army_during_World_War_I" title="Recruitment to the British Army during World War I">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_Crisis_of_1918" title="Conscription Crisis of 1918">Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_Service_Act_of_1917" title="Selective Service Act of 1917">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_casualties" title="World War I casualties">Casualties</a> /<br />Civilian impact</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>British casualties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_parliamentarians_who_died_in_the_First_World_War" title="List of British parliamentarians who died in the First World War">Parliamentarians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_casualties_of_World_War_I" title="Ottoman casualties of World War I">Ottoman casualties</a></li> <li>Sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_rugby_union_players_killed_in_World_War_I" title="List of international rugby union players killed in World War I">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympians_killed_in_World_War_I" title="List of Olympians killed in World War I">Olympians</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Disease</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1899%E2%80%931923_cholera_pandemic" title="1899–1923 cholera pandemic">1899–1923 cholera pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_typhus_and_relapsing_fever_epidemic_in_Serbia" title="1915 typhus and relapsing fever epidemic in Serbia">1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_flu" title="Spanish flu">Spanish flu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Occupations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_occupation_of_Serbia" title="Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia">Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia</a></li> <li>Bulgarian occupations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_occupation_of_Albania" title="Bulgarian occupation of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_occupation_of_Serbia_(World_War_I)" title="Bulgarian occupation of Serbia (World War I)">Serbia</a></li></ul></li> <li>German occupations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Belgium_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of Belgium during World War I">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Luxembourg_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of Luxembourg during World War I">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_north-east_France_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of north-east France during World War I">Northeast France</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ober_Ost" title="Ober Ost">Ober Ost</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupied_Enemy_Territory_Administration" title="Occupied Enemy Territory Administration">Occupied Enemy Territory Administration</a></li> <li>Russian occupations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Eastern_Galicia_(1914%E2%80%931915)" title="Russian occupation of Eastern Galicia (1914–1915)">Eastern Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Western_Armenia" title="Occupation of Western Armenia">Western Armenia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_I" title="Prisoners of war in World War I">POWs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Germans <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_prisoners_of_war_in_the_United_States" title="German prisoners of war in the United States">in the United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_I" title="Italian prisoners of war in World War I">Italians</a></li> <li>POW locations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_I_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_Canada" title="List of World War I prisoner-of-war camps in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I_prisoners_of_war_in_Germany" title="World War I prisoners of war in Germany">Germany</a> / <a href="/wiki/German_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_World_War_I" title="German prisoner-of-war camps in World War I">camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war_camps_in_Switzerland_during_World_War_I" title="Prisoner of war camps in Switzerland during World War I">Switzerland</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_World_War_I" title="Refugees of World War I">Refugees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Belgian refugees <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_refugees_in_the_Netherlands_during_the_First_World_War" title="Belgian refugees in the Netherlands during the First World War">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_refugees_in_Britain_during_the_First_World_War" title="Belgian refugees in Britain during the First World War">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_World_War_I" title="War crimes in World War I">War crimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Allied blockades <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_the_Eastern_Mediterranean" title="Blockade of the Eastern Mediterranean">Eastern Mediterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_of_Mount_Lebanon" title="Great Famine of Mount Lebanon">Mount Lebanon famine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Germany_(1914%E2%80%931919)" title="Blockade of Germany (1914–1919)">Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportations_from_East_Prussia_during_World_War_I" title="Deportations from East Prussia during World War I">Deportations from East Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_Kalisz" title="Destruction of Kalisz">Destruction of Kalisz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Dinant" title="Sack of Dinant">Sack of Dinant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Ottoman_genocides" title="Late Ottoman genocides">Late Ottoman genocides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_genocide" title="Greek genocide">Pontic Greek genocide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_of_Belgium" title="Rape of Belgium">Rape of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_revolt_of_1916" title="Central Asian revolt of 1916">Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Albanians_in_World_War_I" title="Massacres of Albanians in World War I">Massacres of Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Canadian_internment" title="Ukrainian Canadian internment">Ukrainian Canadian internment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_history_of_World_War_I" title="Diplomatic history of World War I">Diplomacy</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Entry into the war</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Austro-Hungarian entry into World War I">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_entry_into_World_War_I" title="French entry into World War I">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_entry_into_World_War_I" title="German entry into World War I">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Italian entry into World War I">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Japanese entry into World War I">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Ottoman entry into World War I">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Russian entry into World War I">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_entry_into_World_War_I" title="British entry into World War I">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_entry_into_World_War_I" title="American entry into World War I">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Declarations_of_war_during_World_War_I" title="Declarations of war during World War I">Declarations of war</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/To_my_peoples" title="To my peoples">Austria-Hungary against Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_declaration_of_war_upon_Germany_(1914)" title="United Kingdom declaration of war upon Germany (1914)">UK against Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire_in_World_War_I#Declaration_of_jihad" title="Ottoman Empire in World War I">Ottomans against the Triple Entente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_declaration_of_war_on_Germany_(1917)" title="United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)">USA against Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_declaration_of_war_on_Austria-Hungary" title="United States declaration of war on Austria-Hungary">USA against Austria-Hungary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantinople_Agreement" title="Constantinople Agreement">Constantinople Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1915)" title="Treaty of London (1915)">Treaty of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Protocol" title="Damascus Protocol">Damascus Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Germany_treaty_(1915)" title="Bulgaria–Germany treaty (1915)">Bulgaria–Germany treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Darin" title="Treaty of Darin">Treaty of Darin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sykes%E2%80%93Picot_Agreement" title="Sykes–Picot Agreement">Sykes–Picot Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sazonov%E2%80%93Pal%C3%A9ologue_Agreement" title="Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement">Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Economy_Pact" title="Paris Economy Pact">Paris Economy Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1916)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1916)">Treaty of Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_of_Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne" title="Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne">Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Peace treaties</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modus_vivendi_of_Acroma" title="Modus vivendi of Acroma">Modus vivendi of Acroma</a></li> <li>Treaties of Brest-Litovsk <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk" title="Treaty of Brest-Litovsk">Russia–Central Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk_(Ukraine%E2%80%93Central_Powers)" title="Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers)">Ukraine–Central Powers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Treaty of Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Conference_(1919%E2%80%931920)" title="Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)">Paris Peace Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1919)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)">Treaty of St. Germain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Neuilly-sur-Seine" title="Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine">Treaty of Neuilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trianon" title="Treaty of Trianon">Treaty of Trianon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_S%C3%A8vres" title="Treaty of Sèvres">Treaty of Sèvres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lausanne" title="Treaty of Lausanne">Treaty of Lausanne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_a_Suspect_in_Sarajevo" title="Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo">Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutilated_victory" title="Mutilated victory">Mutilated victory</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Virgin" title="The Golden Virgin">The Golden Virgin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/They_shall_not_pass" title="They shall not pass">They shall not pass</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_War_I" title="Category:World War I">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link 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