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</a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Ramgoolam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="سيووساغور رامجولام – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيووساغور رامجولام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%9A%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B5%AC%EB%A5%B4_%EB%9E%8C%EA%B5%B4%EB%9E%8C" title="시우사구르 람굴람 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시우사구르 람굴람" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="शिवसागर रामगुलाम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शिवसागर रामगुलाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B5%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0" title="シウサガル・ラングーラム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シウサガル・ラングーラム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="شیو ساگر رام غلام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شیو ساگر رام غلام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC,_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80" title="Рамгулам, Сивусагур – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рамгулам, Сивусагур" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சிவசாகர் ராம்கூலம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிவசாகர் ராம்கூலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="శివసాగర్ రాంగులామ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="శివసాగర్ రాంగులామ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Сівусагур Рамгулам – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сівусагур Рамгулам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="شیو ساگر رام غلام – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شیو ساگر رام غلام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam" title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B2%83%E8%90%A8%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B0" title="西沃萨古尔·拉姆古兰 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西沃萨古尔·拉姆古兰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2166580#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam">Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Prime Minister of Mauritius from 1968 to 1982</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a> Sir</div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Licentiate_of_the_Royal_College_of_Physicians" class="mw-redirect" title="Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians">LRCP</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Royal_College_of_Surgeons" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Royal College of Surgeons">MRCS</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Seewoosagur Ramgoolam at Lod airport, Israel, 1962." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam.jpg/220px-Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam.jpg/330px-Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam.jpg/440px-Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="862" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Seewoosagur Ramgoolam in 1962</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">5th <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Mauritius" title="Governor-General of Mauritius">Governor-General of Mauritius</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />28 December 1983 – 14 December 1985</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Anerood Jugnauth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dayendranath_Burrenchobay" title="Dayendranath Burrenchobay">Dayendranath Burrenchobay</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cassam_Moollan" title="Cassam Moollan">Sir Cassam Moollan</a> <small>(acting)</small></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">1st <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Prime Minister of Mauritius">Prime Minister of Mauritius</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />12 March 1968 – 30 June 1982</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data">Elizabeth II</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governors General</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Rennie" title="John Shaw Rennie">John Shaw Rennie</a></li><li>Sir<span class="nowrap"> </span>Michel Rivalland <small>(acting)</small></li><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Williams_(politician)" title="Leonard Williams (politician)">Sir Leonard Williams</a></li><li>Sir<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Raman_Osman" title="Raman Osman">Raman Osman</a></li><li>Sir<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Garrioch" title="Henry Garrioch">Henry Garrioch</a></li><li>Sir<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Dayendranath_Burrenchobay" title="Dayendranath Burrenchobay">Dayendranath Burrenchobay</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Himself as Chief Minister</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Anerood Jugnauth</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Mauritius">Chief Minister of Mauritius</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />26 September 1961 – 12 March 1968</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data">Elizabeth II</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data">Thomas Douglas Vickers<span class="nowrap"> </span><small>(acting)</small>; Sir<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Rennie" title="John Shaw Rennie">John Shaw Rennie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Office established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Himself as Prime Minister</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Port_Louis" title="List of mayors of Port Louis">Lord Mayor of Port Louis</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1958–1959</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Edgard Millien</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Guy Forget</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Mauritius)" title="Labour Party (Mauritius)">Leader of Labour Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1 December 1958 – 15 December 1985</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Anquetil" title="Emmanuel Anquetil">Emmanuel Anquetil</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Sir Satcam Boolell</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1900-09-18</span>)</span>18 September 1900<br />Belle Rive, <a href="/wiki/British_Mauritius" title="British Mauritius">British Mauritius</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">15 December 1985<span style="display:none">(1985-12-15)</span> (aged 85)<br /><a href="/wiki/Port_Louis" title="Port Louis">Port Louis</a>, Mauritius</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam_Botanical_Garden" title="Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanical Garden">SSR Botanical Garden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Union Mauricienne</i> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritius Labour Party">Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sushil_Ramjoorawon" class="mw-redirect" title="Sushil Ramjoorawon">Sushil Ramjoorawon</a> (1922–1984)<sup id="cite_ref-defi_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defi-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin</a>; Sunita <sup id="cite_ref-defi_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defi-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Moheeth Ramgoolam <small>(father)</small></li><li>Basmati Ramchurn <small>(mother)</small></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/State_House_(Mauritius)" class="mw-redirect" title="State House (Mauritius)">State House</a> <small>(official)</small>; <a href="/wiki/Port_Louis" title="Port Louis">Rue Deforges, Port Louis</a> <small>(personal)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a>; <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data">Physician</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120819103711/http://ssr.intnet.mu/">ssr.intnet.mu</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Licentiate_of_the_Royal_College_of_Physicians" class="mw-redirect" title="Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians">LRCP</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Royal_College_of_Surgeons" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Royal College of Surgeons">MRCS</a></span></span> (18 September 1900 – 15 December 1985), often referred to as <b>Chacha Ramgoolam</b> or <b>SSR</b>, was a <a href="/wiki/Mauritian" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian">Mauritian</a> physician, politician, and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/statesman" class="extiw" title="wikt:statesman">statesman</a>. He served as the island's only <a href="/wiki/Chief_minister" title="Chief minister">chief minister</a>, first <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Prime Minister of Mauritius">prime minister</a>, and fifth <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Mauritius" title="Governor-General of Mauritius">governor-general</a>. </p><p>He is widely recognized as the nation's <a href="/wiki/List_of_national_founders" title="List of national founders">founding father</a>. After <a href="/wiki/Guy_Rozemont" title="Guy Rozemont">Guy Rozemont</a>'s death in 1956, Ramgoolam served as the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Mauritius)" title="Labour Party (Mauritius)">Labour Party of Mauritius</a> until his death in 1985 and led the country to independence in 1968. </p><p>His son, <a href="/wiki/Navinchandra_Ramgoolam" class="mw-redirect" title="Navinchandra Ramgoolam">Dr. Navinchandra Ramgoolam</a>, who is currently the prime minister of Mauritius and has served as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Mauritius" title="List of prime ministers of Mauritius">third and fifth prime minister</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, also known as Kewal, was born on 18 September 1900 at Belle Rive, Mauritius, in the <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Mauritius" title="Districts of Mauritius">district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Flacq_District" title="Flacq District">Flacq</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Indo-Mauritian" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Mauritian">Indo-Mauritian</a> family. His father, Moheeth Ramgoolam also known as Mohit Mahto was an Indian immigrant labourer from <a href="/wiki/Bhojpur_district,_India" title="Bhojpur district, India">Bhojpur district</a> of Bihar. According to people from Harigaon village (his ancestral village) of Bhojpur district, Ramgoolams belonged to <a href="/wiki/Koeri" title="Koeri">Koeri</a> caste, however, there are counter claims of their <a href="/wiki/Kurmi" title="Kurmi">Kurmi</a> caste affiliation as well.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moheeth came to Mauritius aged 18 in a ship called <i>The Hindoostan</i> in 1896. His elder brother, Ramlochurn, had left the home village of Harigaon in the <a href="/wiki/Bhojpur_district,_India" title="Bhojpur district, India">Bhojpur district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> in search of his fortune abroad. Moheeth worked as an <a href="/wiki/Indentured_servant" class="mw-redirect" title="Indentured servant">indentured labourer</a> and later became a Sirdar (overseer) at Queen Victoria Sugar Estate. When he married Basmati Ramchurn in 1898, he moved to Belle Rive Sugar Estate. Basmati was a young widow born in Mauritius. She already had two sons: Nuckchadee Heeramun and Ramlall Ramchurn. </p><p>Ramgoolam had his early grounding in <a href="/wiki/Bhojpuri_language" title="Bhojpuri language">Bhojpuri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian culture">Indian culture</a> and philosophy, in the local evening school of the locality (called <i>Baitka</i> in Mauritian Hindu term), where children of the <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> community learnt the vernacular language and glimpses of the Hindu culture. The teacher (<a href="/wiki/Guruji" class="mw-redirect" title="Guruji">guruji</a>) would teach prayers and songs. <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> prayers and perennial values taken from sacred scriptures like the <i><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></i>, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i> were also taught. </p><p>He enrolled in the neighbouring R.C.A. (Roman Catholic Aided) School, run by Madame Siris without his mother's knowledge. He learned History, Geography, English and French.<sup id="cite_ref-Mulloo_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mulloo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After leaving the pre-primary school, he went to Bel Air Government School, travelling by train, until he passed the sixth standard. At the age of seven, Ramgoolam lost his father and at the age of twelve, he suffered a serious accident in a cowshed that cost him his left eye. He continued his scholarship class at the Curepipe Boys’ Government School while taking up boarding with his uncle, Harry Parsad Seewoodharry Buguth, a sworn land surveyor, in <a href="/wiki/Curepipe" title="Curepipe">Curepipe</a>. He would listen to the political discussions between his uncle and his circle of friends on local politics and on the current struggle for Indian independence under <a href="/wiki/Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose">Rash Behari Bose</a>. These initial conversations were to form the basis of his political beliefs years later.<sup id="cite_ref-SSR_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSR-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The scholarship classes, which formed the basis of lower secondary schooling, permitted Ramgoolam to go straight for the Junior Cambridge at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_College,_Curepipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal College, Curepipe">Royal College, Curepipe</a>, where he was educated by the likes of Reverend Fowler and Mr Harwood. After secondary school, Ramgoolam worked for 3 months in the Civil Service, despite racism within the organisation <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. </p><p>With the financial help of his brother Ramlall, Ramgoolam was able to initiate medical studies in England.<sup id="cite_ref-SSR_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSR-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1921, Ramgoolam set sail on one of the ships of the Messageries maritimes for <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>, and continued by train to <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, his final destination, with a transit of a couple of days in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. In the French capital he purchased copies of the books of <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">André Gide</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux" title="André Malraux">André Malraux</a> with both of whom he struck friendship.<sup id="cite_ref-SSR_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSR-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He graduated from <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a> and attended lectures at the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazette_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-independence">Pre-independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pre-independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1935 he returned to Mauritius after completing medical studies in London and Seewoosagur worked to improve the living and working conditions of the bulk of the island's population which consisted of the descendants of indentured Indian laborers and enslaved Africans. After joining Edgar Laurent's party <i>Union Mauricienne</i> and Jules Koenig's <i>Groupement des Douze</i>, it was in 1947 that Ramgoolam joined the Labour Party a short time before the 1948 General Elections. Ramgoolam realised the increasing popularity of the new Labour Party leader Guy Rozemont, who succeeded Emmanuel Anquetil in 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Up to that time the Labour Party had been under the leadership of its original founders <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Anquetil" title="Emmanuel Anquetil">Emmanuel Anquetil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Cur%C3%A9" title="Maurice Curé">Maurice Curé</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandit_Sahadeo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandit Sahadeo (page does not exist)">Pandit Sahadeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renganaden_Seeneevassen" title="Renganaden Seeneevassen">Renganaden Seeneevassen</a> and Mamode Hassenjee, Jean Prosper, Barthelemy Ohsan, Samuel Barbe and Godefroy Moutia who initiated the party in 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 1940 and during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> he became one of the founders of the Labour Party's newspaper <i>Advance</i> which advocated <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</a>, economic reform and social justice. Ramgoolam wrote a series of articles using pseudonym <i>Thumb Mark II</i> which challenged the island's established conservative sugar oligarchs. He was also appointed as President of the <a href="/wiki/Socio-Cultural_Group" title="Socio-Cultural Group">group</a> known as <i>Indian Cultural Association</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 5 February 1938 Seewoosagur Ramgoolam was initiated into the <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">masonic</a> fraternity. On 24 November 1975 during a trip to Paris he joined <i>Loge Mozart</i> and on 1 April 1976 he was present at the <i>Chambre Symbolique</i> of the <i>Loge de la Triple Espérance</i> where he was awarded the honorary title of 33rd Degree of Scottish Rites. His involvement assisted in the bi-centenary celebrations of Freemasonry in Mauritius in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1940 to 1953 he was an elected Municipal Councillor in Port Louis and was re-elected to serve from 1956 to 1960. Then he was elected Deputy Mayor of Port-Louis in 1956 and became Lord Mayor of Port Louis in 1958. Seewoosagur Ramgoolam served as Nominated Member of the Legislative Council from 1940 to 1948. At the 1948 General Elections he was elected Member of Legislative Council for Pamplemousses-Rivière du Rempart as an independent candidate.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was re-elected to the Legislative Council in 1953, 1959 (Triolet) and 1967 (Pamplemousses-Triolet). In 1948 and 1953 he was also appointed as member of the Executive Council. From 1951 to 1956 he joined the Civil Service to work as Liaison Officer for Education before becoming first MLA for Pamplemousses-Triolet in December 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1958 the Colonial Government appointed him as Ministerial Secretary to Treasury.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He led the Mauritian Labour Party from 1959 to 1982 following the death of <a href="/wiki/Guy_Rozemont" title="Guy Rozemont">Guy Rozemont</a> in March 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the 1961 Constitutional Conference in London, the <a href="/wiki/Parti_Mauricien_Social_D%C3%A9mocrate" title="Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate">Parti Mauricien</a> was in favour of an integration with Britain rather than independence within the Commonwealth. But Britain, at that time, had already decided that it would give up all its colonies with the exception of Hong-Kong, Gibraltar and the Falklands.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, the die had already been cast as early as 1959 when <a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Harold Macmillan</a> had made his famous <a href="/wiki/Winds_of_Change_(speech)" class="mw-redirect" title="Winds of Change (speech)">“Wind of change blowing over Africa” speech</a>. After the general election of 1963, <a href="/wiki/Gaetan_Duval" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaetan Duval">Gaetan Duval</a>, then deputy-leader of the Parti Mauricien, again lobbied for Integration with Britain. But this was once more rejected by the British who did not consider integration as "a practical proposition for Mauritius, even if the majority of parties in Mauritius wanted it".<sup id="cite_ref-LeMauricien_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeMauricien-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the supervision of the <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Office" title="Colonial Office">Colonial Office</a> Ramgoolam served as Chief Minister and Minister of Finance from 1961 to 1965, then as <i>Premier</i> from 1965 to 1968, before becoming Prime Minister in 1968. In 1963, the British Conservative government assisted him to form an All-Party Government in Mauritius.<sup id="cite_ref-LeMauricien_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeMauricien-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His efforts were recognised as he was honoured as <a href="/wiki/Knight_Bachelor" title="Knight Bachelor">knighted</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Birthday_Honours" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Birthday Honours">Queen's Birthday Honours</a> of 12 June 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazette_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1967 he cooperated with the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Forward_Bloc" title="Independent Forward Bloc">Independent Forward Bloc</a> (IFB) led by <a href="/wiki/Sookdeo_Bissoondoyal" title="Sookdeo Bissoondoyal">Sookdeo Bissoondoyal</a> (who were advocating complete <a href="/wiki/Decolonization" title="Decolonization">decolonization</a> and removal of British administration from all Mauritian territories) and the <a href="/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_d%27Action_Musulman" class="mw-redirect" title="Comité d'Action Musulman">Comité d'Action Musulman</a> (CAM) led by <a href="/wiki/Abdool_Razack_Mohamed" title="Abdool Razack Mohamed">Abdool Razack Mohamed</a> (which campaigned for constitutional guarantees to protect the Muslim and other minority communities in an effort to prevent a circumstantial Hindu hegemony) to form the <a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_(Mauritius)" title="Independence Party (Mauritius)">Independence Party (Mauritius)</a>. This coalition eventually led to <a href="/wiki/Mauritius_(1968%E2%80%931992)" title="Mauritius (1968–1992)">1968 Independence</a> from Great Britain after the <a href="/wiki/1967_Mauritian_general_election" title="1967 Mauritian general election">1967 Mauritian general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independence">Independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1969 he contracted an alliance with his party's rival <a href="/wiki/Parti_Mauricien_Social_D%C3%A9mocrate" title="Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate">Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate</a> (PMSD) which was led by Gaetan Duval. This alliance allowed Ramgoolam to stay in power despite the departure of its former ally <a href="/wiki/Independent_Forward_Bloc" title="Independent Forward Bloc">IFB</a> from the government. <a href="/wiki/Sookdeo_Bissoondoyal" title="Sookdeo Bissoondoyal">Sookdeo Bissoondoyal</a>'s IFB members went into opposition whilst some IFB MP's defected to the Labour Party to maintain their ministerial portfolios. </p><p>In 1973 France elevated Seewoosagur Ramgoolam to the rank of <i>Grand Officier de la Légion d'Honneur de la République Française</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time his political ally Gaetan Duval was made <i>Commandeur de la Légion d'Honneur</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the poor performance of his various governments from 1967 to 1982, his party lost the <a href="/wiki/1982_Mauritian_general_election" title="1982 Mauritian general election">1982 general elections</a> when none of his candidates was elected to parliament. He lost his parliamentary seat which led to further downfall of the Labour Party. He then assisted the newly formed party named <a href="/wiki/Militant_Socialist_Movement" title="Militant Socialist Movement">MSM</a> and its ex-MMM leader <a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Anerood Jugnauth</a> to win the <a href="/wiki/1983_Mauritian_general_election" title="1983 Mauritian general election">1983 elections</a>. The Labour Party became a minority party in a coalition MSM-Labour government and Ramgoolam was appointed Governor-General, a position which he held until his death in 1985. Ramgoolam was succeeded as leader of the Labour Party by Sir <a href="/wiki/Satcam_Boolell" title="Satcam Boolell">Satcam Boolell</a> in 1984 when the latter returned to the Labour Party after having formed and led a new party Mouvement Patriotique Mauricien (MPM) following his <a href="/wiki/1982_Mauritian_general_election" title="1982 Mauritian general election">1982 electoral defeat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boolell remained president of the Labour Party until 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ramgoolam was also the <a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity">Chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity</a> from 1976 to 1977. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1939 Ramgoolam married <a href="/wiki/Sushil_Ramgoolam" title="Sushil Ramgoolam">Sushil Ramjoorawon</a>. They had two children: a daughter, Sunita (now Sunita Joypaul), and a son, <a href="/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin Ramgoolam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_and_recognition">Legacy and recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy and recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mauritius_-_1_Rupee_-_coin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Mauritius_-_1_Rupee_-_coin.jpg/220px-Mauritius_-_1_Rupee_-_coin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Mauritius_-_1_Rupee_-_coin.jpg/330px-Mauritius_-_1_Rupee_-_coin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Mauritius_-_1_Rupee_-_coin.jpg/440px-Mauritius_-_1_Rupee_-_coin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1406" data-file-height="716" /></a><figcaption>One rupee coin displaying the portrait of Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</figcaption></figure> <p>Various streets and public places in Mauritius bear the name of Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (SSR), such as the <a href="/wiki/Sir_Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam_Botanical_Garden" title="Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanical Garden">SSR Botanical Garden</a>, a recreational centre for senior citizens, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam_Medical_College" title="Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Medical College">SSR Medical College</a>, Pamplemousses SSR National Hospital (at the site of the defunct Royal Alfred Observatory), <a href="/wiki/Sir_Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam_International_Airport" title="Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport">the island's main airport</a>, previously called Plaisance International Airport, and Kewal Nagar (a small village previously called <i>Belle Rive</i>). He also figures on every <a href="/wiki/Mauritian_Rupee" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Rupee">Mauritian Rupee</a> coin and on the highest note tender of <a href="/wiki/Mauritian_rupee" title="Mauritian rupee">Rs</a>2,000. Monuments to him also stand in the <a href="/wiki/Sir_Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam_Botanical_Garden" title="Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanical Garden">Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanical Garden</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Caudan_Waterfront" title="Caudan Waterfront">Caudan Waterfront</a> in <a href="/wiki/Port_Louis" title="Port Louis">Port Louis</a>, and even in the village of SSR's ancestor, near <a href="/wiki/Patna" title="Patna">Patna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mauritius" title="History of Mauritius">History of Mauritius</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Le Defimedia Group. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defimedia.info/dimanche-hebdo/dh-people/item/12766-sunita-ramgoolam-joypaul-maman-doit-%C3%AAtre-fi%C3%A8re-de-navin-et-moi.html">the original</a> on 15 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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University of Mauritius.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=researchgate.net&rft.atitle=Gender+and+Politicised+Religion&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Laiticia+Heerah&rft.aufirst=Hashwini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F282603686_Gender_and_Politicised_Religion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mulloo-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mulloo_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Our Struggle, 20th century Mauritius, Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Anand Mulloo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SSR-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SSR_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SSR_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SSR_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120819103711/http://ssr.intnet.mu/">"The Man and his Vision"</a>. 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U.S. Library of Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926183028/http://countrystudies.us/mauritius/4.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Colonial+Rule&rft.pub=U.S.+Library+of+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fmauritius%2F4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.mu/article/259965/francs-macons-au-mmm-bizlall-denonce-une-betise-berenger">"Des francs-maçons au MMM: Bizlall dénonce une bêtise de Bérenger"</a>. L'Express. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211211203228/https://www.lexpress.mu/article/259965/francs-macons-au-mmm-bizlall-denonce-une-betise-berenger">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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L'Express. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211211101134/https://www.lexpress.mu/article/la-franc-maconnerie-en-pleine-lumiere-avec-brinda-venkaya-reichert-doctorante-luniversite">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+franc-ma%C3%A7onnerie+en+pleine+lumi%C3%A8re+avec+Brinda+Venkaya+Reichert%2C+Doctorante+%C3%A0+l%27universit%C3%A9+Michel-de-Montaigne+-+Bordeaux-III&rft.pub=L%27Express&rft.aulast=Acquilina&rft.aufirst=Fabrice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.mu%2Farticle%2Fla-franc-maconnerie-en-pleine-lumiere-avec-brinda-venkaya-reichert-doctorante-luniversite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lexpress.mu/s/article/ma%C3%A7ons-fr%C3%A8res-de-lombre">"Maçons frères de l'ombre 07 April 2008"</a>. L'Express<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ma%C3%A7ons+fr%C3%A8res+de+l%27ombre+07+April+2008&rft.pub=L%27Express&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flexpress.mu%2Fs%2Farticle%2Fma%25C3%25A7ons-fr%25C3%25A8res-de-lombre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSelvon2017" class="citation web cs1">Selvon, Sydney (22 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lexpress.mu/node/300754">"The true nature of the retrocession movement in Mauritius …prior to the birth of the Mauritius Labour Party"</a>. <i>www.lexpress.mu</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lexpress.mu&rft.atitle=The+true+nature+of+the+retrocession+movement+in+Mauritius+%E2%80%A6prior+to+the+birth+of+the+Mauritius+Labour+Party&rft.date=2017-02-22&rft.aulast=Selvon&rft.aufirst=Sydney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flexpress.mu%2Fnode%2F300754&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDukhira2013" class="citation web cs1">Dukhira, Chit (20 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mauritiustimes.com/mt/chit-dukhira-12/">"SSR: Ahead of his generation"</a>. 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Labour Party. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701215221/http://labour.intnet.mu/info.php?mode=ssr">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Cader Raman, Singapore National Printers Ltd, 1991</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LeMauricien-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LeMauricien_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LeMauricien_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemauricien.com/article/histoire-mauritius-independence-1961-1968">"Histoire: Mauritius Independence 1961-1968"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Mauricien" title="Le Mauricien">Le Mauricien</a></i>. 9 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190331062600/http://www.lemauricien.com/article/histoire-mauritius-independence-1961-1968/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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The Modern Law Review (Nov 1968 Vol.31 No.6): 601–622. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1968.tb01213.x">10.1111/j.1468-2230.1968.tb01213.x</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211211065204/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1468-2230.1968.tb01213.x">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Modern+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Mauritius%3A+Constitutionalism+in+a+plural+society&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=601-622&rft.date=1968&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1968.tb01213.x&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=S.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1968.tb01213.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://labour.intnet.mu/info.php?mode=ssr">"Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sir+Seewoosagur+Ramgoolam&rft.pub=Labour+Party&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flabour.intnet.mu%2Finfo.php%3Fmode%3Dssr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishpathe.com/video/VLVADZL8GLWN9FI38440L5HG38BR8-FRANCE-MAURITIUS-PRIME-MINISTER-MADE-A-GRAND-OFFICER-OF-THE/">"France: Mauritius Prime Minister Made A Grand Officer Of The Legion D'honneur. 1973"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=France%3A+Mauritius+Prime+Minister+Made+A+Grand+Officer+Of+The+Legion+D%27honneur.+1973&rft.pub=British+Path%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishpathe.com%2Fvideo%2FVLVADZL8GLWN9FI38440L5HG38BR8-FRANCE-MAURITIUS-PRIME-MINISTER-MADE-A-GRAND-OFFICER-OF-THE%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.mu/article/satcam-boolell-immortalis%C3%A9">"Satcam Boolell immortalisé"</a>. <i>L'Express</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220707184828/https://www.lexpress.mu/article/satcam-boolell-immortalis%C3%A9">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=L%27Express&rft.atitle=Satcam+Boolell+immortalis%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.mu%2Farticle%2Fsatcam-boolell-immortalis%25C3%25A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemauricien.com/article/hommage-sir-satcam-boolell/">"Hommage à Sir Satcam Boolell"</a>. <i>Le Mauricien</i> (in French). 11 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181125061402/http://www.lemauricien.com/article/hommage-sir-satcam-boolell/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Mauricien&rft.atitle=Hommage+%C3%A0+Sir+Satcam+Boolell&rft.date=2015-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemauricien.com%2Farticle%2Fhommage-sir-satcam-boolell%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://business.mega.mu/2015/03/25/deplacements-letranger-de-navin-ramgoolam-les-plus-gros-beneficiaires-de-diem-connus/">"Déplacements à l'Etranger de Navin Ramgoolam : Les Plus Gros Bénéficiaires de Per Diem Connus"</a>. Business Mega. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211211065201/https://business.mega.mu/2015/03/25/deplacements-letranger-de-navin-ramgoolam-les-plus-gros-beneficiaires-de-diem-connus/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=D%C3%A9placements+%C3%A0+l%27Etranger+de+Navin+Ramgoolam+%3A+Les+Plus+Gros+B%C3%A9n%C3%A9ficiaires+de+Per+Diem+Connus&rft.pub=Business+Mega&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.mega.mu%2F2015%2F03%2F25%2Fdeplacements-letranger-de-navin-ramgoolam-les-plus-gros-beneficiaires-de-diem-connus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeewoosagur+Ramgoolam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-99903-0-626-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-99903-0-626-2">978-99903-0-626-2</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dayendranath_Burrenchobay" title="Dayendranath Burrenchobay">Dayendranath Burrenchobay</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="List of governors-general of Mauritius">Governor-General of Mauritius</a> </b><br />1983–1985 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Sir <a href="/wiki/Cassam_Moollan" title="Cassam Moollan">Cassam Moollan</a> <small>(acting)</small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Office established</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Mauritius">Prime Minister of Mauritius</a> </b><br />1968–1982 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Anerood Jugnauth</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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title="Idi Amin">Amin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ramgoolam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Bongo" title="Omar Bongo">Bongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaafar_Nimeiry" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaafar Nimeiry">Nimeiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tolbert" title="William Tolbert">Tolbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Senghor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siaka_Stevens" title="Siaka Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_arap_Moi" title="Daniel arap Moi">Moi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam" title="Mengistu Haile Mariam">Mengistu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Nyerere" title="Julius Nyerere">Nyerere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdou_Diouf" title="Abdou Diouf">Diouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Sassou_Nguesso" title="Denis Sassou Nguesso">Nguesso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Kaunda" title="Kenneth Kaunda">Kaunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moussa_Traor%C3%A9" title="Moussa Traoré">Traoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Mubarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoweri_Museveni" title="Yoweri Museveni">Museveni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Babangida" title="Ibrahim Babangida">Babangida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdou_Diouf" title="Abdou Diouf">Diouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Mubarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zine_El_Abidine_Ben_Ali" title="Zine El Abidine Ben Ali">Ben Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meles_Zenawi" title="Meles Zenawi">Meles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Biya" title="Paul Biya">Biya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe">Mugabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Compaor%C3%A9" title="Blaise Compaoré">Compaoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdelaziz_Bouteflika" title="Abdelaziz Bouteflika">Bouteflika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnassingb%C3%A9_Eyad%C3%A9ma" title="Gnassingbé Eyadéma">Eyadéma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chiluba" title="Frederick Chiluba">Chiluba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levy_Mwanawasa" title="Levy Mwanawasa">Mwanawasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">African Union</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thabo_Mbeki" title="Thabo Mbeki">Mbeki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Chissano" title="Joaquim Chissano">Chissano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olusegun_Obasanjo" title="Olusegun Obasanjo">Obasanjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Sassou_Nguesso" title="Denis Sassou Nguesso">Nguesso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kufuor" title="John Kufuor">Kufuor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakaya_Kikwete" title="Jakaya Kikwete">Kikwete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bingu_wa_Mutharika" title="Bingu wa Mutharika">Mutharika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teodoro_Obiang_Nguema_Mbasogo" title="Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo">Obiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Boni_Yayi" title="Thomas Boni Yayi">Boni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hailemariam_Desalegn" title="Hailemariam Desalegn">Hailemariam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ould_Abdel_Aziz" title="Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz">Abdel Aziz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mugabe" title="Robert Mugabe">Mugabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idriss_D%C3%A9by" title="Idriss Déby">Déby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Cond%C3%A9" title="Alpha Condé">Condé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Kagame" title="Paul Kagame">Kagame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_el-Sisi" title="Abdel Fattah el-Sisi">Sisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Ramaphosa" title="Cyril Ramaphosa">Ramaphosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Tshisekedi" title="Félix Tshisekedi">Tshisekedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macky_Sall" title="Macky Sall">Sall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azali_Assoumani" title="Azali Assoumani">Assoumani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ould_Ghazouani" title="Mohamed Ould Ghazouani">Ghazouani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Mauritius&#124;link=Mauritius_Governor-General_of_Mauritius" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Mauritius" title="Governor-General of Mauritius">Governor-General of</a> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Rennie" title="John Shaw Rennie">Sir John Shaw Rennie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Williams_(politician)" title="Leonard Williams (politician)">Sir Leonard Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raman_Osman" title="Raman Osman">Sir Raman Osman</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_Garrioch" title="Henry Garrioch">Sir Henry Garrioch</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayendranath_Burrenchobay" title="Dayendranath Burrenchobay">Sir Dayendranath Burrenchobay</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cassam_Moollan" title="Cassam Moollan">Sir Cassam Moollan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veerasamy_Ringadoo" title="Veerasamy Ringadoo">Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Mauritius_(1968%E2%80%931992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Mauritius_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Mauritius_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Mauritius_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Mauritius_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Mauritius_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Mauritius_%281968%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>Italics</i> indicate acting officeholder</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Governors-general_of_Mauritius" title="Category:Governors-general of Mauritius">Category:Governors-general of Mauritius</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Governors-General_of_Mauritius" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Governors-General of Mauritius">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Mauritius&#124;link=Mauritius_Prime_ministers_of_Mauritius_(List)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Mauritius" title="Template:Prime ministers of Mauritius"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_Mauritius" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of Mauritius"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Mauritius" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of Mauritius"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Mauritius&#124;link=Mauritius_Prime_ministers_of_Mauritius_(List)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius"><img alt="Mauritius" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Prime Minister of Mauritius">Prime ministers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Mauritius" title="List of prime ministers of Mauritius">List</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_Mauritius" title="British Mauritius">British Mauritius</a><br />Chief Minister</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1961–1968)</span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="692" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mauritius_(1968%E2%80%931992)" title="Mauritius (1968–1992)">Mauritius (1968–1992)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1968–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1982–1992)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Mauritius">Republic of Mauritius</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1992–1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Dr. Navin Ramgoolam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995–2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2000–2003)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_B%C3%A9renger" title="Paul Bérenger">Paul Bérenger</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Dr. Navin Ramgoolam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005–2014)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Sir Anerood Jugnauth</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2014–2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravind_Jugnauth" title="Pravind Jugnauth"> Pravind Jugnauth</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017–2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Navin Ramgoolam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Prime_Ministers_of_Mauritius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Prime Ministers of Mauritius (page does not exist)">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Prime_ministers_of_Mauritius" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Prime ministers of Mauritius">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2166580#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2166580#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2166580#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120994426">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/18567753">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1760328/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJj4tbmwwkJwmQCxr9rjG3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1231429712">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82084312">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122100438">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122100438">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p097473685">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/121368335">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&oldid=1259885863">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seewoosagur_Ramgoolam&oldid=1259885863</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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