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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Spanish rule </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trade_with_the_Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trade_with_the_Americas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Trade with the Americas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trade_with_the_Americas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emigration_to_the_Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emigration_to_the_Americas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Emigration to the Americas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emigration_to_the_Americas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Military history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Modern history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Water </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pollution_and_air_quality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pollution_and_air_quality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Pollution and air quality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pollution_and_air_quality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Geology </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geology subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origins_and_geological_formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins_and_geological_formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Origins and geological formation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins_and_geological_formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orography_and_landscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orography_and_landscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Orography and landscape </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orography_and_landscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_heights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_heights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.1 Central heights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_heights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Massifs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Massifs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.2 Massifs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Massifs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dorsals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dorsals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.3 Dorsals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dorsals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Valleys_and_ravines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Valleys_and_ravines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.4 Valleys and ravines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Valleys_and_ravines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coastline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coastline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.5 Coastline </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coastline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Volcanic_tubes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volcanic_tubes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.6 Volcanic tubes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volcanic_tubes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Flora and fauna </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Flora and fauna subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehistoric_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistoric_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Prehistoric fauna </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistoric_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protected_natural_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protected_natural_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Protected natural areas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protected_natural_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Administration </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Administration subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Law_and_order" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_order"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Law and order </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_and_order-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Municipalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Municipalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Municipalities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Municipalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Counties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Counties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Counties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Counties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flags_and_heraldry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flags_and_heraldry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Flags and heraldry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flags_and_heraldry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_symbols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_symbols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Natural symbols </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Demographics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture_and_fishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture_and_fishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Agriculture and fishing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture_and_fishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Energy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industry_and_commerce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry_and_commerce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4 Industry and commerce </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry_and_commerce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Main sights </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Main sights subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Monuments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monuments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Monuments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monuments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archeological_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archeological_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Archeological sites </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archeological_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_and_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Culture and arts </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_and_arts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture and arts subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Painting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Painting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Painting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Painting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sculpture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sculpture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.3 Sculpture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sculpture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.4 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.5 Architecture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crafts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crafts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.6 Crafts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crafts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_celebrations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_celebrations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.7 Traditional celebrations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_celebrations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.7.1 Carnival of Santa Cruz </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pilgrimages_(Romerías)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pilgrimages_(Romerías)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.7.2 Pilgrimages (Romerías) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pilgrimages_(Romerías)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holiday_of_the_Virgin_of_Candelaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holiday_of_the_Virgin_of_Candelaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.7.3 Holiday of the Virgin of Candelaria </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holiday_of_the_Virgin_of_Candelaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holiday_of_the_Cristo_de_La_Laguna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holiday_of_the_Cristo_de_La_Laguna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.7.4 Holiday of the Cristo de La Laguna </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holiday_of_the_Cristo_de_La_Laguna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corpus_Christi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corpus_Christi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.7.5 Corpus Christi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corpus_Christi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Easter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Easter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.7.6 Easter </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Easter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Science_and_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science_and_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.1 Science and research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Science_and_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.2 Museums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport_and_communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport_and_communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Transport and communications </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport_and_communications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Transport and communications subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Transport_and_communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.1 Roads </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.2 Airports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.3 Ports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buses_(guaguas)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buses_(guaguas)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.4 Buses (guaguas) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buses_(guaguas)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.5 Taxis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tramway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tramway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.6 Tramway </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tramway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Railway_plans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway_plans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.6.1 Railway plans </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway_plans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourist_train" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourist_train"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.7 Tourist train </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourist_train-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cableway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cableway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.8 Cableway </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cableway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gastronomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gastronomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 Gastronomy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gastronomy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Gastronomy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Gastronomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.1 Fish </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.2 Meat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canarian_wrinkly_potatoes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canarian_wrinkly_potatoes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.3 Canarian wrinkly potatoes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canarian_wrinkly_potatoes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mojos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mojos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.4 Mojos </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mojos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cheeses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cheeses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.5 Cheeses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cheeses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gofio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gofio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.6 Gofio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gofio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Confectionery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Confectionery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.7 Confectionery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Confectionery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19.8 Wines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenerife_in_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenerife_in_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20 Tenerife in popular culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tenerife_in_popular_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Tenerife in popular culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Tenerife_in_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20.1 Cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20.2 Cinema </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20.3 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20.4 Video games </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20.5 In literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 21 International relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 22 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 23 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 24 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Tenerife</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 112 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-112" aria-hidden="true" > 112 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B4%E1%8A%94%E1%88%AA%E1%8D%8C" title="ቴኔሪፌ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቴኔሪፌ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81" title="تينيريف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تينيريف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%87" title="তেনেরিফে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তেনেরিফে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%8D" title="Тэнэрыфэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэнэрыфэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%8D" title="Тэнэрыфэ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тэнэрыфэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_de_Tenerife" title="Isla de Tenerife – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Isla de Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneriffa" title="Teneriffa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Teneriffa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%86%CE%B7" title="Τενερίφη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τενερίφη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerifo" title="Tenerifo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tenerifo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%87" title="تنریفه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تنریفه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneryf" title="Teneryf – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Teneryf" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AB" title="ટેનરીફ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ટેનરીફ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EB%84%A4%EB%A6%AC%ED%8E%98%EC%84%AC" title="테네리페섬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테네리페섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%C5%ABeke" title="Heūeke – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Heūeke" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D6%86%D5%A5" title="Տեներիֆե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տեներիֆե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC" title="तेनरीफ़ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तेनरीफ़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tener%C3%ADfe" title="Tenerífe – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tenerífe" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94" title="טנריפה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טנריפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94" title="ტენერიფე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტენერიფე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insula_Nivaria" title="Insula Nivaria – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Insula Nivaria" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneriffa" title="Teneriffa – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Teneriffa" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerif%C4%97" title="Tenerifė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tenerifė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AB" title="तेनेरीफ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तेनेरीफ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%89" title="تينيريفى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تينيريفى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife_(eiland)" title="Tenerife (eiland) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tenerife (eiland)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AA%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E5%B3%B6" title="テネリフェ島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テネリフェ島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneriffa" title="Teneriffa – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Teneriffa" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81" title="تنریف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تنریف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneryfa" title="Teneryfa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Teneryfa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87" title="टेनेरीफे – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="टेनेरीफे" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneriffa" title="Teneriffa – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Teneriffa" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneriffa" title="Teneriffa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Teneriffa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teneriffa" title="Teneriffa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Teneriffa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F" title="เกาะเตเนริเฟ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกาะเตเนริเฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Тенерифе – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тенерифе" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="ٹینرائف – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹینرائف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%86%85%E9%87%8C%E8%B4%B9%E5%B2%9B" title="特内里费岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="特内里费岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%A2" title="טענעריפע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טענעריפע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Tenerife" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li 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class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tenerife&params=28_16_7_N_16_36_20_W_region:ES-CN_type:isle_dim:50km">28°16′7″N 16°36′20″W / 28.26861°N 16.60556°W / 28.26861; -16.60556</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Largest and most populous Canary Island</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Teneriffa" redirects here. For the genus of flies, see <a href="/wiki/Teneriffa_spicata" title="Teneriffa spicata">Teneriffa spicata</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Tenerife (disambiguation)">Tenerife (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Tenerife</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/180px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/270px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/360px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tenerife" title="Flag of Tenerife">Flag</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg/260px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg/390px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg/520px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Location of Tenerife in the Canary Islands</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:260px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:260px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:260px"><a href="/wiki/File:Canarias-loc.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tenerife is located in Canary Islands"><img alt="Tenerife is located in Canary Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Canarias-loc.svg/260px-Canarias-loc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Canarias-loc.svg/390px-Canarias-loc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Canarias-loc.svg/520px-Canarias-loc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="277" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.676%;left:33.379%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Tenerife" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Tenerife</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Spain</div>Show map of Canary Islands</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:260px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:260px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:260px"><a href="/wiki/File:Espa%C3%B1a-Canarias-loc.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tenerife is located in Spain, Canary Islands"><img alt="Tenerife is located in Spain, Canary Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Espa%C3%B1a-Canarias-loc.svg/260px-Espa%C3%B1a-Canarias-loc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Espa%C3%B1a-Canarias-loc.svg/390px-Espa%C3%B1a-Canarias-loc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Espa%C3%B1a-Canarias-loc.svg/520px-Espa%C3%B1a-Canarias-loc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="462" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:92.562%;left:15.207%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Tenerife" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Tenerife</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Tenerife (Spain, Canary Islands)</div>Show map of Spain, Canary Islands</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">Atlantic Ocean</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tenerife&params=28_16_7_N_16_36_20_W_region:ES-CN_type:isle_dim:50km">28°16′7″N 16°36′20″W / 28.26861°N 16.60556°W / 28.26861; -16.60556</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archipelago</th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">2,034.38 km2 (785.48 sq mi)<a href="#cite_note-istac_territorio-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coastline</th><td class="infobox-data">342 km (212.5 mi)<a href="#cite_note-istac_territorio-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">3,715 m (12188 ft)<a href="#cite_note-IGN_PhysicalMap_2012-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest point</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div>Spain</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous Community</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Spain" title="Provinces of Spain">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital and largest city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> (pop. 208,906)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">President of the <a href="/wiki/Cabildo_insular" title="Cabildo insular">cabildo insular</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Rosa Dávila Mamely (2023)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Demonym</th><td class="infobox-data">tinerfeño/a; chicharrero/a</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">948,815 (start of 2023)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pop. density</th><td class="infobox-data">466.39/km2 (1207.94/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data">Spanish, specifically <a href="/wiki/Canarian_Spanish" title="Canarian Spanish">Canarian Spanish</a>, formerly <a href="/wiki/Guanche_language" title="Guanche language">Guanche</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnic groups</th><td class="infobox-data">Spanish, other minority groups</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Additional information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Time" title="Western European Time">WET</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%C2%B100:00" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC±00:00">UTC±00:00</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Summer_Time" title="Western European Summer Time">WEST</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tenerife.es">tenerife.es</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Tenerife (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˌtɛnəˈriːf/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">TEN-ə-REEF</a>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>Spanish: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[teneˈɾife]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e2\/Pronunciation_of_Tenerife_in_Spanish.ogg\/Pronunciation_of_Tenerife_in_Spanish.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pronunciation of Tenerife in Spanish.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Pronunciation_of_Tenerife_in_Spanish.ogg/Pronunciation_of_Tenerife_in_Spanish.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Pronunciation_of_Tenerife_in_Spanish.ogg" title="File:Pronunciation of Tenerife in Spanish.ogg">ⓘ</a>; formerly spelled Teneriffe) is the largest and most populous island of the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ine.es-4">[4]</a> It is home to 42.9% of the total population of the <a href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ine.es-4">[4]</a> With a land area of 2,034.38 square kilometres (785.48 sq mi) and a population of 948,815 inhabitants as of January 2023,<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-popdataboe-6">[6]</a> it is also the most populous island of <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a><a href="#cite_note-ine.es-4">[4]</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Macaronesia" title="Macaronesia">Macaronesia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-catalogo.museosdetenerife.org-7">[7]</a> Approximately five million tourists visit Tenerife each year, making it the most visited island in the archipelago.<a href="#cite_note-Terra_Noticias-8">[8]</a> It is one of the most important tourist destinations in Spain<a href="#cite_note-riull.ull.es-9">[9]</a> and the world,<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> hosting one of the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Carnival" title="Carnival">carnivals</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>. The capital of the island, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>, is also the seat of the island council (cabildo insular). That city and <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> are the co-capitals of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">autonomous community</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>. The two cities are both home to governmental institutions, such as the offices of the presidency and the ministries. This has been the arrangement since 1927, when the Crown ordered it. (After the <a href="/wiki/1833_territorial_division_of_Spain" title="1833 territorial division of Spain">1833 territorial division of Spain</a>, until 1927, Santa Cruz de Tenerife was the sole capital of the Canary Islands).<a href="#cite_note-es.wikisource.org-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-gobiernodecanarias.org-12">[12]</a> Santa Cruz contains the modern <a href="/wiki/Auditorio_de_Tenerife" title="Auditorio de Tenerife">Auditorio de Tenerife</a>, the architectural symbol of the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> The island is home to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a>. Founded in 1792 in <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>, it is the oldest university in the Canaries. The city of La Laguna is a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>. It is the second most populous city on the island, and the third most populous in the archipelago. It was the capital of the Canary Islands before Santa Cruz replaced it in 1833.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Tenerife is served by two airports; <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Tenerife North Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a>. <a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a>, located in the center of the island, is also a UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>. It includes <a href="/wiki/Mount_Teide" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Teide">Mount Teide</a>, which has the highest elevation in Spain, and the highest elevation among all the islands in the Atlantic Ocean. It is also the third-largest volcano in the world, when measured from its base.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Another geographical feature of the island, the <a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Anaga" title="Macizo de Anaga">Macizo de Anaga</a> (massif), has been designated as a UNESCO <a href="/wiki/Biosphere_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Biosphere Reserve">Biosphere Reserve</a> since 2015.<a href="#cite_note-efeverde.com-17">[17]</a> Tenerife also has the largest number of <a href="/wiki/Endemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Endemic">endemic</a> species in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-efeverde.com-17">[17]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Toponymy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Imagen_sint%C3%A9tica_de_Tenerife.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Imagen_sint%C3%A9tica_de_Tenerife.jpg/180px-Imagen_sint%C3%A9tica_de_Tenerife.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Imagen_sint%C3%A9tica_de_Tenerife.jpg/270px-Imagen_sint%C3%A9tica_de_Tenerife.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Imagen_sint%C3%A9tica_de_Tenerife.jpg/360px-Imagen_sint%C3%A9tica_de_Tenerife.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4066" data-file-height="3393" /></a><figcaption>Altitude map of Tenerife, with the highest altitude (Mount <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>) in blue and the lowest (sea level) in black</figcaption></figure> The name 'Tenerife' likely comes from <a href="/wiki/Amazigh_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazigh language">Tamazight</a>, but there is no consensus on its correct interpretation.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenerife_sentinel_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tenerife_sentinel_2.jpg/200px-Tenerife_sentinel_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tenerife_sentinel_2.jpg/300px-Tenerife_sentinel_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tenerife_sentinel_2.jpg/400px-Tenerife_sentinel_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1106" data-file-height="1001" /></a><figcaption>Satellite view (April 2023)</figcaption></figure> The island's <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous people</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanche</a> <a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a>, referred to the island as Achinet or Chenet in <a href="/wiki/Guanche_language" title="Guanche language">their language</a> (variant spellings are found in the literature). According to <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Younger" title="Pliny the Younger">Pliny the Younger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berber_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Berber people">Berber</a> king <a href="/wiki/Juba_II" title="Juba II">Juba II</a> sent an expedition to the Canary Islands and <a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a>; he named the Canary Islands for the particularly ferocious dogs (canaria) on the island.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Juba II and the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Romans</a> called the island of Tenerife Nivaria, from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> word <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nix#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:nix">nix</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nominative_case" title="Nominative case">nsg.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Genitive_case" title="Genitive case">gsg.</a> nivis, <a href="/wiki/Plural" title="Plural">npl.</a> nives), meaning "snow", after the snow-covered peak of the Mount Teide volcano.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Later maps dating to the 14th and 15th century, drawn by mapmakers such as Bontier and Le Verrier, called the island Isla del Infierno, ("Hell Island"), due to Mount Teide's volcanic eruptions and other volcanic activity. Although the name given to the island by the <a href="/wiki/Benahoare" title="Benahoare">Benahoaritas</a> (the indigenous peoples of La Palma) was derived from the words teni ("mountain") and ife ("white"),[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] after the island was colonized by the Spanish the name was modified by Spanish phonology: the letter "r" was added to link the two words, producing the single word Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-Abreu-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bethencourt-22">[22]</a> However, throughout history, other explanations for the origin of island's name have been proposed. For example, the 17th-century historians <a href="/wiki/Juan_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_de_la_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Juan Núñez de la Peña">Juan Núñez de la Peña</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tom%C3%A1s_Arias_Mar%C3%ADn_de_Cubas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomás Arias Marín de Cubas (page does not exist)">Tomás Arias Marín de Cubas</a>, among others, suggested that the indigenous peoples might have named the island for the famous Guanche king, <a href="/wiki/Tinerfe" title="Tinerfe">Tinerfe</a>, nicknamed "the Great", who ruled Tenerife before the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Conquest of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> were conquered by <a href="/wiki/Castile_(historical_region)" title="Castile (historical region)">Castile</a>.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1544px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama of Teide National Park"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg/1536px-Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="1536" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg/2304px-Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg/3072px-Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13847" data-file-height="2497" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_Teide_BW.jpg" title="File:Panorama Teide BW.jpg"> </a></div>Panorama of <a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demonym">Demonym</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Demonym">edit</a>]</div> The formal <a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">demonym</a> used to refer to the people of Tenerife is Tinerfeño/a; also used colloquially is the term <a href="/wiki/Chicharrero" title="Chicharrero">chicharrero</a>/a.<a href="#cite_note-gentilicio-24">[24]</a> In modern society, the latter term is generally applied only to inhabitants of the capital, Santa Cruz. The term chicharrero was once a <a href="/wiki/Derogatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Derogatory">derogatory</a> term used by the people of <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">La Laguna</a> when it was the capital, to refer to the poorer inhabitants and fishermen of Santa Cruz. The fishermen typically caught <a href="/wiki/Mackerel" title="Mackerel">mackerel</a> and other residents ate <a href="/wiki/Potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Potatoes">potatoes</a>, assumed to be of low quality by the elite of La Laguna.<a href="#cite_note-gentilicio-24">[24]</a> As Santa Cruz grew in commerce and status, it replaced La Laguna as capital of Tenerife in 1833 during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Fernando_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Fernando VII">Fernando VII</a>. Then the inhabitants of Santa Cruz used the former insult to identify as residents of the new capital, at La Laguna's expense.<a href="#cite_note-gentilicio-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MNH_-_Mumie_Mann_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/MNH_-_Mumie_Mann_1.jpg/220px-MNH_-_Mumie_Mann_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/MNH_-_Mumie_Mann_1.jpg/330px-MNH_-_Mumie_Mann_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/MNH_-_Mumie_Mann_1.jpg/440px-MNH_-_Mumie_Mann_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3768" data-file-height="2088" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Guanche_mummies" title="Guanche mummies">Guanche mummy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Museo_de_la_Naturaleza_y_el_Hombre" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre">Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre</a> of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></figcaption></figure> The earliest known human settlement in the islands, dating to around 200 <a href="/wiki/BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a>, was established by <a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanches</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Nido-25">[25]</a> However, the <a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Guanches" title="Cave of the Guanches">Cave of the Guanches</a> in the northern municipality of <a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a> has provided the oldest chronologies of the Canary Islands, with dates around the sixth century BCE.<a href="#cite_note-Arco_Aguilar_1-26">[26]</a> In terms of technology, the Guanches can be placed among the peoples of the <a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a>, although scholars often reject this classification because of its ambiguity. Guanche culture was more advanced culturally, possibly because of Berber cultural features imported from North Africa, but less technologically advanced due to the scarcity of raw materials, especially minerals that would have allowed for the extraction and working of metals. The main activity was gathering food from nature; though fishing and shellfish collection were supplemented with some agricultural practices.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> As for religion and <a href="/wiki/Cosmology" title="Cosmology">cosmology</a>, the Guanches were <a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">polytheistic</a>, with further widespread belief in an <a href="/wiki/Astral_cult" class="mw-redirect" title="Astral cult">astral cult</a>. They also had an <a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">animistic</a> religiosity that sacralized certain places, mainly rocks and mountains. Although the Guanches worshiped many gods and ancestral spirits, among the most important were <a href="/wiki/Acham%C3%A1n" title="Achamán">Achamán</a> (the god of the sky and supreme creator), <a href="/wiki/Chaxiraxi" title="Chaxiraxi">Chaxiraxi</a> (the mother goddess, identified later with the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a>), <a href="/wiki/Magec" title="Magec">Magec</a> (the god of the sun), and <a href="/wiki/Guayota" title="Guayota">Guayota</a> (the demon who is the main cause of evil). Especially significant was the cult of the dead, which practiced the <a href="/wiki/Mummification" class="mw-redirect" title="Mummification">mummification</a> of corpses. In addition, small <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphism" title="Anthropomorphism">anthropomorphic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zoomorphism" title="Zoomorphism">zoomorphic</a> stone and clay figurines of the kind typically associated with rituals have been found on the island. Scholars believe they were used as idols, the most prominent of which is the so-called <a href="/wiki/Guatimac" title="Guatimac">Idol of Guatimac</a>, which is thought to represent a genius or protective spirit. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Territorial_organisation_before_the_conquest_(The_Guanches)">Territorial organisation before the conquest (The Guanches)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Territorial organisation before the conquest (The Guanches)">edit</a>]</div> The title of <a href="/wiki/Mencey" class="mw-redirect" title="Mencey">mencey</a> was given to the monarch or king of the Guanches of Tenerife, who governed a menceyato or kingdom. This role was later referred to as a "captainship" by the conquerors. <a href="/wiki/Tinerfe" title="Tinerfe">Tinerfe "the Great"</a>, son of the mencey Sunta, governed the island from Adeje in the south. However, upon his death, his nine children rebelled and argued bitterly about how to divide the island. Two independent achimenceyatos were created on the island, and the island was divided into nine menceyatos. The menceyes within them formed what would be similar to municipalities today.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> The menceyatos and their menceyes (ordered by the names of descendants of Tinerfe who ruled them) were the following: <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenerife_preconquista.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tenerife_preconquista.png/220px-Tenerife_preconquista.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tenerife_preconquista.png/330px-Tenerife_preconquista.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tenerife_preconquista.png/440px-Tenerife_preconquista.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="554" /></a><figcaption>Territorial map of Tenerife before the conquest</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Taoro" title="Menceyato of Taoro">Taoro</a>. Menceyes: Bentinerfe, Inmobach, <a href="/wiki/Bencomo" title="Bencomo">Bencomo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bentor" title="Bentor">Bentor</a>. Today it includes <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Orotava" title="La Orotava">La Orotava</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Victoria_de_Acentejo" title="La Victoria de Acentejo">La Victoria de Acentejo</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Matanza_de_Acentejo" title="La Matanza de Acentejo">La Matanza de Acentejo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Realejos" title="Los Realejos">Los Realejos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Santa_%C3%9Arsula" title="Santa Úrsula">Santa Úrsula</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Menceyato of Güímar">Güímar</a>. Menceyes: Acaymo, <a href="/wiki/A%C3%B1aterve" title="Añaterve">Añaterve</a> y Guetón. Today this territory is made up of <a href="/wiki/El_Rosario,_Tenerife" title="El Rosario, Tenerife">El Rosario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Candelaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arafo" title="Arafo">Arafo</a> and <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Güímar">Güímar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Abona" title="Menceyato of Abona">Abona</a>. Menceyes: Atguaxoña and Adxoña (<a href="/wiki/Adjona" title="Adjona">Adjona</a>). Today it includes <a href="/wiki/Fasnia" title="Fasnia">Fasnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arico" title="Arico">Arico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Granadilla_de_Abona" title="Granadilla de Abona">Granadilla de Abona</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_de_Abona" title="San Miguel de Abona">San Miguel de Abona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arona,_Tenerife" title="Arona, Tenerife">Arona</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Anaga" title="Menceyato of Anaga">Anaga</a>. Menceyes: <a href="/wiki/Beneharo" title="Beneharo">Beneharo</a> and Beneharo II. Today this territory spans the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Tegueste" title="Menceyato of Tegueste">Tegueste</a>. Menceyes: Tegueste, <a href="/wiki/Tegueste_(mencey)" title="Tegueste (mencey)">Tegueste II</a> y Teguaco. Today this territory is made up of <a href="/wiki/Tegueste" title="Tegueste">Tegueste</a>, part of the coastal zone of <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">La Laguna</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Tacoronte" title="Menceyato of Tacoronte">Tacoronte</a>: Menceyes: Rumén and <a href="/wiki/Acaymo" class="mw-redirect" title="Acaymo">Acaymo</a>. Today this territory is made up of <a href="/wiki/Tacoronte" title="Tacoronte">Tacoronte</a> and <a href="/wiki/El_Sauzal" title="El Sauzal">El Sauzal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Icode" title="Menceyato of Icode">Icode</a>. Menceyes: Chincanayro and <a href="/wiki/Pelicar_(mencey)" title="Pelicar (mencey)">Pelicar</a>. Today this territory is made up of <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_de_la_Rambla" class="mw-redirect" title="San Juan de la Rambla">San Juan de la Rambla</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Guancha,_Tenerife" title="La Guancha, Tenerife">La Guancha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garachico" title="Garachico">Garachico</a> and <a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Daute" title="Menceyato of Daute">Daute</a>. Menceyes: Cocanaymo and <a href="/wiki/Romen_(mencey)" title="Romen (mencey)">Romen</a>. Today this territory is occupied by <a href="/wiki/El_Tanque" title="El Tanque">El Tanque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Silos" title="Los Silos">Los Silos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buenavista_del_Norte" title="Buenavista del Norte">Buenavista del Norte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Santiago_del_Teide" title="Santiago del Teide">Santiago del Teide</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menceyato_of_Adeje" title="Menceyato of Adeje">Adeje</a>. Menceyes. Atbitocazpe, <a href="/wiki/Pelinor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pelinor">Pelinor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ichasagua" title="Ichasagua">Ichasagua</a>. It included what today are the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%ADa_de_Isora" title="Guía de Isora">Guía de Isora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adeje" title="Adeje">Adeje</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vilaflor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilaflor">Vilaflor</a></li></ul> The achimenceyato of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Achimenceyato_de_Punta_del_Hidalgo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Achimenceyato de Punta del Hidalgo (page does not exist)">Punta del Hidalgo</a> was governed by Aguahuco, a "poor noble" who was an illegitimate son of Tinerfe and Zebenzui. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_conquest">Spanish conquest</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Spanish conquest">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG/220px-AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG/330px-AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG/440px-AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="557" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alonso_Fernandez_de_Lugo" class="mw-redirect" title="Alonso Fernandez de Lugo">Alonso Fernandez de Lugo</a> presenting the native kings of Tenerife to Ferdinand and Isabella</figcaption></figure> Tenerife was the last island of the Canaries to be conquered and the one that took the longest time to submit to the Castilian troops. Although the traditional dates of the conquest of Tenerife are established between 1494 (landing of Alonso Fernández de Lugo) and 1496 (the complete conquest of the island), attempts to annex the island of Tenerife to the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Crown of Castile</a> date back at least to 1464.<a href="#cite_note-Antonio-29">[29]</a> In 1464, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diego_Garcia_de_Herrera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diego Garcia de Herrera (page does not exist)">Diego Garcia de Herrera</a>, Lord of the Canary Islands, took symbolic possession of the island in the Barranco del Bufadero (Ravine of the Bufadero),<a href="#cite_note-Schwartz1994-30">[30]</a> signing a peace treaty with the Guanche chiefs (menceyes) which allowed the mencey Anaga to build a fortified tower on Guanche land, where the Guanches and the Spanish held periodic treaty talks until the Guanches demolished it around 1472.<a href="#cite_note-Armas197574-31">[31]</a> In 1492 the governor of Gran Canaria Francisco Maldonado organized a raid that ended in disaster for the Spaniards when they were defeated by Anaga's warriors. In December 1493, the Catholic monarchs, Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon, granted <a href="/wiki/Alonso_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Lugo" title="Alonso Fernández de Lugo">Alonso Fernández de Lugo</a> the right to conquer Tenerife. Coming from <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> in April 1494, the conqueror landed on the coast of present-day Santa Cruz de Tenerife in May, and disembarked with about 2,000 men on foot and 200 on horseback.<a href="#cite_note-Armas1975177-32">[32]</a> After taking the fort, the army prepared to move inland, later capturing the native kings of Tenerife and presenting them to <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Isabella and Ferdinand</a>. The menceyes of Tenerife had differing responses to the conquest. They divided into the side of peace (Spanish: bando de paz) and the side of war (Spanish: bando de guerra). The first included the menceyatos of Anaga, Güímar, Abona and Adeje. The second group consisted of the people of Tegueste, Tacoronte, Taoro, Icoden and Daute. Those opposed to the conquest fought the invaders tenaciously, resisting their rule for two years. Castillian forces under the <a href="/wiki/Adelantado" title="Adelantado">Adelantado</a> ("military governor") de Lugo suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of the Guanches in the <a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="First Battle of Acentejo">First Battle of Acentejo</a> on 31 May 1494, but defeated them at the <a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="Second Battle of Acentejo">Second Battle of Acentejo</a> on 25 December 1494. The Guanches were eventually overcome by superior technology and the arms of the invaders, and surrendered to the Crown of Castile in 1496.<a href="#cite_note-Armas1975278-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_rule">Spanish rule</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Spanish rule">edit</a>]</div> Many of the natives died from new infectious diseases, such as <a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">influenza</a> and probably <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a>, to which they lacked resistance or acquired <a href="/wiki/Immunity_(medical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunity (medical)">immunity</a>. The new colonists intermarried with the local native population. For a century after the conquest, many new colonists settled on the island, including immigrants from the diverse territories of the growing <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Union" title="Iberian Union">Spanish Empire</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a>, Italy, and Germany. As the population grew, it cleared Tenerife's pine forests for fuel and to make fields for agriculture for crops both for local consumption and for export. <a href="/wiki/Sugar_cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar cane">Sugar cane</a> was introduced in the 1520s as a commodity crop on major plantations; it was a labor-intensive crop in all phases of cultivation and processing. In the following centuries, planters cultivated wine grapes, <a href="/wiki/Cochineal" title="Cochineal">cochineal</a> for making dyes, and <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantains</a> for use and export.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trade_with_the_Americas">Trade with the Americas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Trade with the Americas">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amaro_Pargo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amaro_Pargo.jpg/220px-Amaro_Pargo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amaro_Pargo.jpg/330px-Amaro_Pargo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amaro_Pargo.jpg/440px-Amaro_Pargo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Amaro_Pargo" title="Amaro Pargo">Amaro Pargo</a> (1678–1741), <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">corsair</a> and merchant from Tenerife who participated in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_treasure_fleet" title="Spanish treasure fleet">Spanish treasure fleet</a> (the Spanish-American trade route)</figcaption></figure> In the commerce of the Canary Islands with the Americas of the 18th century, Tenerife was the hegemonic island, since it exceeded 50% of the number of ships and 60% of the tonnage. In the islands of <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, the percentage was around 19% for the first and 7% for the second.<a href="#cite_note-canariascnnews.com-35">[35]</a> The volume of traffic between the Indies and the Canary Islands was unknown, but was very important and concentrated almost exclusively in Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-canariascnnews.com-35">[35]</a> Among the products that are exported were <a href="/wiki/Cochineal" title="Cochineal">cochineal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rum" title="Rum">rum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sugar_cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar cane">sugar cane</a>, which were landed mainly in the ports of the Americas such as <a href="/wiki/La_Guaira" title="La Guaira">La Guaira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a> and <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a>. Many sailors from Tenerife joined this transcontinental maritime trade, among which the corsair <a href="/wiki/Amaro_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Felipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaro Rodríguez Felipe">Amaro Rodríguez Felipe</a>, more commonly known as Amaro Pargo, Juan Pedro Dujardín and Bernardo de Espinosa, both companions of Amaro Pargo, among others.<a href="#cite_note-DocsAmaro-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emigration_to_the_Americas">Emigration to the Americas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Emigration to the Americas">edit</a>]</div> Tenerife, like the other islands, has maintained a close relationship with Latin America, as both were part of the Spanish Empire. From the start of the colonization of the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>, many Spanish expeditions stopped at the island for supplies on their way to the Americas. They also recruited many tinerfeños for their crews, who formed an integral part of the conquest expeditions. Others joined ships in search of better prospects. It is also important to note the exchange in plant and animal species that made those voyages.<a href="#cite_note-emigracion-37">[37]</a> After a century and a half of relative growth, based on the <a href="/wiki/Vitis" title="Vitis">grape growing</a> sector, numerous families emigrated, especially to <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Crown</a> wanted to encourage population of underdeveloped zones in the Americas to pre-empt the occupation by foreign forces, as had happened with the English in <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> and the French in the <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">Guianas</a> and western <a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a> (which the French renamed as Saint-Domingue). Canary Islanders, including many tinerfeños, left for the New World. The success in cultivation of new crops of the Americas, such as <a href="/wiki/Cocoa_bean" title="Cocoa bean">cocoa</a> in Venezuela and tobacco in Cuba, contributed to the population exodus from towns such as Buenavista del Norte, Vilaflor, or El Sauzal in the late 17th century. The village of <a href="/wiki/San_Carlos_de_Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="San Carlos de Tenerife">San Carlos de Tenerife</a> was founded in 1684 by Canary Islanders on <a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo" title="Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a>. The people from Tenerife were recruited for settlement to build up the town from encroachment by French colonists established in the western side of Hispaniola. Between 1720 and 1730, the Crown moved 176 families, including many tinerfeños, to the Caribbean island of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>. In 1726, about 25 island families migrated to the Americas to collaborate on the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a>. Four years later, in 1730, another group left that founded <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a> the following year in what became <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>. Between 1777 and 1783, more islanders emigrated from Santa Cruz de Tenerife to settle in what became <a href="/wiki/St._Bernard_Parish,_Louisiana" title="St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana">St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana</a>, during the period when Spain ruled this former French territory west of the Mississippi River. Some groups went to Western or Spanish Florida.<a href="#cite_note-emigracion-37">[37]</a> Tenerife saw the arrival of the <a href="/wiki/First_Fleet" title="First Fleet">First Fleet</a> to <a href="/wiki/Botany_Bay" title="Botany Bay">Botany Bay</a> in June 1787, which consisted of 11 ships that departed from Portsmouth, England, on 13 May 1787 to found the penal colony that became the first European settlement in Australia. The Fleet consisted of two Royal Navy vessels, three store ships and six <a href="/wiki/Convict_ship" title="Convict ship">convict ships</a> carrying between 1,000 and 1,500 convicts, marines, seamen, civil officers and free people (accounts differ on the numbers), and a vast quantity of stores. On 3 June 1787, the fleet anchored at Santa Cruz at Tenerife. Here, fresh water, vegetables and meat were brought on board. Commander of the fleet, Capt. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Phillip" title="Arthur Phillip">Arthur Phillip</a> and the chief officers were entertained by the local governor, while one convict tried unsuccessfully to escape. On 10 June they set sail to cross the Atlantic to Rio de Janeiro, taking advantage of favourable trade winds and ocean currents. In June 1799, the Prussian-born naturalist <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a> spent five full days on Tenerife on the first leg of his soon world-famous American journey (1799–1804) and climbed the Pico del Teide.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Emigration to the Americas (mainly Cuba and Venezuela) continued during the 19th and early 20th century, due to the lack of economic opportunity and the relative isolation of the Canary Islands. Since the late 20th century, island protectionist economic laws and a strong development in the tourism industry have strengthened the economy and attracted new migrants. Tenerife has received numerous new residents, including the "return" of many descendants of some islanders who had departed five centuries before.<a href="#cite_note-emigracion-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_history">Military history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Military history">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Horatio_Nelson_when_wounded_at_Teneriffe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Sir_Horatio_Nelson_when_wounded_at_Teneriffe.jpg/220px-Sir_Horatio_Nelson_when_wounded_at_Teneriffe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Sir_Horatio_Nelson_when_wounded_at_Teneriffe.jpg/330px-Sir_Horatio_Nelson_when_wounded_at_Teneriffe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Sir_Horatio_Nelson_when_wounded_at_Teneriffe.jpg/440px-Sir_Horatio_Nelson_when_wounded_at_Teneriffe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1061" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Admiral Nelson wounded at Tenerife</figcaption></figure> The most notable conflict was the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(1797)" title="Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)">British invasion of Tenerife</a> in 1797.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> On 25 July 1797, Admiral <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Horatio Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a> launched an attack at Santa Cruz de Tenerife, now the capital of the island. After a ferocious fight which resulted in many casualties, General <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_de_Otero_y_Santayana" title="Antonio Gutiérrez de Otero y Santayana">Antonio Gutiérrez de Otero y Santayana</a> organized a defense to repel the invaders. Whilst leading a landing party, Nelson was seriously wounded in his right arm by grapeshot or a musket ball, necessitating amputation of most of the arm.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Legend tells that he was wounded by the Spanish cannon Tiger (Spanish: Tigre) as he was trying to disembark on the Paso Alto coast.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a> On 5 September 1797, the British attempted another attack in the Puerto Santiago region, which was repelled by the inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Santiago_del_Teide" title="Santiago del Teide">Santiago del Teide</a>. Some threw rocks at the British from the heights of the cliffs of <a href="/wiki/Los_Gigantes" title="Los Gigantes">Los Gigantes</a>. The island was also attacked by British commanders <a href="/wiki/Robert_Blake_(admiral)" title="Robert Blake (admiral)">Robert Blake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Raleigh" title="Walter Raleigh">Walter Raleigh</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Hawkins_(naval_commander)" title="John Hawkins (naval commander)">John Hawkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Woodes_Rogers" title="Woodes Rogers">Woodes Rogers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_history">Modern history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Modern history">edit</a>]</div> From 1833 to 1927, Santa Cruz de Tenerife was the sole capital of the Canary Islands. In 1927, the government ordered that the capital be shared with <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a>, as it remains at present.<a href="#cite_note-es.wikisource.org-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-gobiernodecanarias.org-12">[12]</a> This change in status has encouraged development in Las Palmas. Tourists began visiting Tenerife from Spain, the United Kingdom, and northern Europe in large numbers in the 1890s. They especially were attracted to the destinations of the northern towns of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto de la Cruz, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Puerto de la Cruz</a> and Santa Cruz de Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Independent shipping business, such as the Yeoward Brothers Shipping Line, helped boost the tourist industry during this time, adding to ships that carried passengers.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The naturalist <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a> ascended the peak of Mount Teide and remarked on the beauty of the island. Before his rise to power, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> was posted to Tenerife in March 1936 by a Republican government wary of his influence and political leanings. However, Franco received information and in Gran Canaria agreed to collaborate in the military coup that would result in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>; the Canaries fell to the Nationalists in July 1936. In the 1950s, the misery of the post-war years caused thousands of the island's inhabitants to emigrate to <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> and other parts of Latin America. Tenerife was the site of the deadliest accident ever in commercial aviation. The <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_airport_disaster" title="Tenerife airport disaster">Tenerife airport disaster</a> occurred on 27 March 1977 when two <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">Boeing 747s</a>, <a href="/wiki/KLM" title="KLM">KLM</a> Flight 4805 and <a href="/wiki/Pan_Am" title="Pan Am">Pan Am</a> Flight 1736 collided on the runway at <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Los Rodeos Airport</a> in heavy fog conditions, causing the deaths of 583 passengers and crew. A few years later, <a href="/wiki/Dan_Air_Flight_1008" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Air Flight 1008">Dan Air Flight 1008</a> crashed into a mountain while on approach to Tenerife North, killing 146 people. The plane was travelling too close to an Iberia Air turboprop plane and was asked to go into a holding pattern.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> At the beginning of the 21st century, the so-called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Riada_de_Tenerife_of_2002&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riada de Tenerife of 2002 (page does not exist)">Riada de Tenerife of 2002</a> took place on 31 March of that year. It was a phenomenon of cold drop characterized by the repeated fall of torrential rains accompanied by thunder and lightning, affecting the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolitan_area_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (page does not exist)">metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and extending in the NE direction towards the <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="San Andrés, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">San Andrés</a> area.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> The rains caused 8 dead, 12 missing and dozens of injured.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In addition to the human losses, the flood caused considerable material damage, 70,000 people without light as well as the total or partial destruction of at least 400 homes. The losses were calculated at 90 million euros.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In November 2005, Tenerife was the Canary Island most affected by <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Delta_(2005)" title="Tropical Storm Delta (2005)">Tropical Storm Delta</a>. Winds of 140 km/h were recorded on the coast and almost 250 km/h on the <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>, Tenerife's summit. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palm_Tree_Canyon.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Palm_Tree_Canyon.JPG/220px-Palm_Tree_Canyon.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Palm_Tree_Canyon.JPG/330px-Palm_Tree_Canyon.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Palm_Tree_Canyon.JPG/440px-Palm_Tree_Canyon.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Palm tree canyon in inland Tenerife</figcaption></figure> The oldest mountain ranges in Tenerife rose from the Atlantic Ocean by volcanic eruption which gave birth to the island around twelve million years ago.<a href="#cite_note-Origin_about-48">[48]</a> The island as it is today was formed three million years ago by the fusion of three islands made up of the mountain ranges of <a href="/wiki/Anaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaga">Anaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Teno" title="Macizo de Teno">Teno</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valle_de_San_Lorenzo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valle de San Lorenzo (page does not exist)">Valle de San Lorenzo</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Origin_about-48">[48]</a> due to volcanic activity from <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>. The volcano is visible from most parts of the island today, and the crater is 17 kilometres (11 miles) long at some points. Tenerife is the largest island of the Canary Islands and the <a href="/wiki/Macaronesia" title="Macaronesia">Macaronesia</a> region.<a href="#cite_note-catalogo.museosdetenerife.org-7">[7]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> Tenerife is characterized by a generally dry, warm climate. The island has 2 main different climatic areas (as by <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>) yet it actually has 5 different climatic areas.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Global <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> has had a major impact on the island, with diminishing rainfall and hot, dry winds affecting vegetation and contributing to an increasing propensity to being subject to forest fires. On August 15, 2023, a forest fire determined to be caused by arson necessitated the evacuation of 12,000 residents within a week.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The main climates are the hot semi-arid/arid climate (Köppen: BSh and BWh) and the <a href="/wiki/Subtropical_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical climate">subtropical</a> <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Climate">Mediterranean Climate</a> (Köppen: Csb and Csa) inland or at higher altitudes. The low altitude/coastal areas of the island have average temperatures of 18–20 °C (64–68 °F) in the winter months and 24–26 °C (75–79 °F) in the summer months. There is a high annual total of days of sunshine and low precipitation in the coastal areas. The inland/high altitude areas, such as <a href="/wiki/La_Laguna" class="mw-redirect" title="La Laguna">La Laguna</a>, receive much more precipitation and are generally cloudier, as well as the temperatures have a considerable difference, with an average of 13–14 °C (55–57 °F) in the winter and 20–21 °C (68–70 °F) in the summer. The moderate climate of Tenerife is controlled to a great extent by the <a href="/wiki/Trade_winds" title="Trade winds">trade winds</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Humidity" title="Humidity">humidity</a> is condensed principally over the north and northeast of the island, creating cloud banks that range between 600 and 1,800 metres (2,000 and 5,900 feet) in height. The cold sea currents of the Canary Islands also have a cooling effect on the coasts and its beaches, while the topography of the landscape plays a role in climatic differences on the island with its many valleys. The moderating effect of the marine air makes extreme heat a rare occurrence and frost an impossibility at sea level. The lowest recorded temperature in central Santa Cruz is 8.1 °C (46.6 °F), the coldest month on record still had a relatively mild average temperature of 15.8 °C (60.4 °F).<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Summer temperatures are highest in August, with an average high of 29 °C (84 °F) in Santa Cruz, similar to those of places as far north as <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Majorca" class="mw-redirect" title="Majorca">Majorca</a>, because of the greater maritime influence. At a higher elevation in <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>, the climate transitions to a <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a> with higher precipitation amounts and lower temperatures year round. The climate of Santa Cruz is very typical of the Canaries, albeit only slightly warmer than the <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas#Climate" title="Las Palmas">climate</a> of Las Palmas. Major climatic contrasts on the island are evident, especially during the winter months when it is possible to enjoy the warm sunshine on the coast and experience snow within kilometres, 3,000 metres (10,000 feet) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> on El <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> There are also major contrasts at low altitude, where the climate ranges from <a href="/wiki/Arid_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Arid climate">arid</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> BWh) on the southeastern side represented by Santa Cruz de Tenerife to <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean</a> (Csa/Csb) on the northwestern side in Buena Vista del Norte and La Orotava.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> The center of the island is characterized by forests because of the much higher precipitation, mostly <a href="/wiki/Canary_Island_pine" class="mw-redirect" title="Canary Island pine">Canary Island pine</a> forests in the <a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a> at altitudes from 1,300 to 2,100 metres (4,300 to 6,900 ft).<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Subtropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical">Subtropical</a> <a href="/wiki/Cloud_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloud forests">cloud forests</a> characterised by <a href="/wiki/Laurisilva" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurisilva">laurisilva</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> are commonly found in the Anaga National Park and Monte de Agua in the Teno Rural Park, with altitudes from 600 to 1,000 metres (2,000 to 3,300 ft) and annual averages from 15 to 19 °C (59 to 66 °F) and 600 to 1,200 metres (2,000 to 3,900 ft) in the latter.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> The north and south of Tenerife similarly have different climatic characteristics because of the <a href="/wiki/Rain_shadow" title="Rain shadow">rain shadow</a> effect. The windward northwestern side of the island receives 73 percent of all precipitation on the island, and the relative humidity of the air is superior and the insolation inferior. The pluviometric maximums are registered on the windward side at an average altitude of between 1,000 and 1,200 metres (3,300 and 3,900 feet), almost exclusively in the <a href="/wiki/La_Orotava" title="La Orotava">La Orotava</a> mountain range.<a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> Although climatic differences in rainfall and sunshine on the island exist, overall annual <a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">precipitation</a> is low and the summer months from May to September are normally completely dry. Rainfall, similar to that of <a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a>, can also be extremely erratic from one year to another.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> (1981–2010), Extremes (1920–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4 (83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2 (88.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.4 (95.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2 (95.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.4 (97.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.1 (98.8) </td> <td style="background: #EF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.6 (108.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.4 (104.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.3 (102.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.1 (100.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0 (93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.2 (82.8) </td> <td style="background: #EF0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.6 (108.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0 (69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2 (70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1 (71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7 (72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1 (75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2 (79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7 (83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0 (84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.1 (82.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3 (79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1 (75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1 (71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.6 (76.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3 (64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0 (66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7 (67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0 (69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9 (73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0 (77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5 (77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9 (76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4 (74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3 (70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4 (66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.5 (70.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4 (59.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3 (59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9 (60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5 (61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8 (64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5 (67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2 (70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 (71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7 (71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3 (68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4 (65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6 (61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.4 (65.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 (48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 (46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 (49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 (48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 (53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4 (56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5 (61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 (58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5 (61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 (58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 (50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 (50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.1 (46.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5 (1.24) </td> <td style="background: #C5FFC5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.4 (1.39) </td> <td style="background: #C6FFC6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.8 (1.49) </td> <td style="background: #EDFFED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 (0.46) </td> <td style="background: #F9FFF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 (0.14) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 (0.04) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 (0.08) </td> <td style="background: #F4FFF4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 (0.27) </td> <td style="background: #E3FFE3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7 (0.74) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.1 (1.34) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.2 (1.70) </td> <td style="background: #E2FFE2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">225.7 (8.89) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) </th> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9 </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">59.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">63 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">221 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">237 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA01; color:#000000;" class="notheme">282 </td> <td style="background: #F2F214; color:#000000;" class="notheme">306 </td> <td style="background: #F7F71F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">337 </td> <td style="background: #F2F215; color:#000000;" class="notheme">319 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">253 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">222 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,887 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a> (1981–2010), Extremes (1980–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3 (84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0 (86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0 (93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6 (96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.7 (99.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.2 (97.2) </td> <td style="background: #EB0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.9 (109.2) </td> <td style="background: #D80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.3 (111.7) </td> <td style="background: #FA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.8 (107.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0 (98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2 (95.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0 (86.0) </td> <td style="background: #D80000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44.3 (111.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7 (71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0 (71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1 (73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1 (73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9 (75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4 (77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7 (81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4 (83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9 (82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8 (80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8 (76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8 (73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.8 (76.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4 (65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3 (66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5 (67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4 (68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1 (71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0 (75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7 (76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5 (76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4 (74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5 (70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7 (67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.4 (70.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2 (59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0 (59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6 (60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0 (60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0 (62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8 (65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2 (68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1 (70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1 (70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0 (68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5 (61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.9 (64.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 (48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 (49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 (49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2 (54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0 (55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 (58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8 (62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1 (62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6 (61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8 (58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 (53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 (50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.0 (48.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #E6FFE6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6 (0.65) </td> <td style="background: #DEFFDE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9 (0.78) </td> <td style="background: #E9FFE9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7 (0.58) </td> <td style="background: #F3FFF3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 (0.29) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 (0.04) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 (0.05) </td> <td style="background: #F9FFF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 (0.14) </td> <td style="background: #EDFFED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9 (0.47) </td> <td style="background: #D6FFD6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3 (1.04) </td> <td style="background: #D1FFD1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3 (1.19) </td> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">133.3 (5.23) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) </th> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2 </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">65 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">226 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">219 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">246 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">259 </td> <td style="background: #EDED08; color:#000000;" class="notheme">295 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">277 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">214 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,725 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><a href="#cite_note-aemet.es-60">[60]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><a href="#cite_note-aemet-61">[61]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Tenerife North Airport</a> (altitude: 632 metres (2,073 feet)) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6 (78.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9 (80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2 (91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0 (91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.6 (99.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.9 (100.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.4 (106.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.2 (106.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0 (100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2 (91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0 (87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2 (77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.4 (106.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0 (60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7 (62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1 (68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2 (72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7 (76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7 (78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9 (76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5 (72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7 (67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1 (62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.5 (68.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1 (55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4 (56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5 (58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7 (58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1 (61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1 (64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2 (68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2 (70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7 (69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9 (66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5 (61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3 (57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.8 (62.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 (50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 (51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 (51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 (53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0 (57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7 (60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6 (61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5 (61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2 (59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3 (55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5 (52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.0 (55.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2 (37.8) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4 (38.1) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 (35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 (39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 (42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 (47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 (47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 (44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 (48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 (44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 (43.2) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5 (38.3) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2.0 (35.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80 (3.1) </td> <td style="background: #8CFF8C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70 (2.8) </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 (2.4) </td> <td style="background: #C2FFC2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39 (1.5) </td> <td style="background: #E2FFE2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19 (0.7) </td> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 (0.4) </td> <td style="background: #F6FFF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 (0.2) </td> <td style="background: #F7FFF7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 (0.2) </td> <td style="background: #E6FFE6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16 (0.6) </td> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 (1.9) </td> <td style="background: #82FF82; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81 (3.2) </td> <td style="background: #84FF84; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82 (3.2) </td> <td style="background: #BDFFBD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">517 (20.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) </th> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">95 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">73 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #C4C40D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">150 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">203 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">234 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">237 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">262 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">269 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">194 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155 </td> <td style="background: #BEBE31; color:#000000;" class="notheme">137 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,410 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><a href="#cite_note-aemet.es2-62">[62]</a> (1981–2010) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Izaña <a href="/wiki/Teide_Observatory" title="Teide Observatory">Teide Observatory</a> (altitude: 2,371 metres (7,779 feet)) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 (45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 (46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8 (53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5 (58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9 (66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0 (73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6 (72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6 (65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3 (57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1 (52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 (47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.1 (57.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3 (39.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 (40.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 (43.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 (45.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 (50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4 (57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5 (58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 (51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 (46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6 (42.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 (34.0) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 (34.3) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 (36.9) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5 (38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 (42.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9 (49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0 (57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8 (56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 (50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 (44.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 (40.1) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4 (36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.4 (43.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 (1.9) </td> <td style="background: #91FF91; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67 (2.6) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 (2.3) </td> <td style="background: #E3FFE3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18 (0.7) </td> <td style="background: #F4FFF4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 (0.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #F7FFF7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 (0.2) </td> <td style="background: #EAFFEA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13 (0.5) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37 (1.5) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54 (2.1) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60 (2.4) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">366 (14.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) </th> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0 </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4 </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6 </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #3F3FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32 </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30 </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #3838FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #5656FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">226 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">223 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">260 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">294 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">356 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">382 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">382 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">358 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">295 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">259 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">218 </td> <td style="background: #EDED08; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3,473 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> (1981–2010) </td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Vilaflor (altitude: 1,378 metres (4,521 feet) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5 (56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4 (57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0 (60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1 (61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3 (64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2 (70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.4 (81.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9 (82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5 (74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7 (65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0 (60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5 (58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.0 (66.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 (48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 (53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9 (53.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8 (56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7 (62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7 (72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0 (73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2 (66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4 (57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4 (52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 (50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.7 (58.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4 (41.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 (42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 (45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 (45.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 (49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2 (54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0 (64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8 (58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 (50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE5CC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 (46.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 (44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.4 (1.94) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.2 (2.02) </td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.1 (1.34) </td> <td style="background: #D9FFD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4 (0.96) </td> <td style="background: #FAFFFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 (0.11) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4 (0.02) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 (0.03) </td> <td style="background: #F3FFF3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 (0.30) </td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8 (1.33) </td> <td style="background: #92FF92; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.6 (2.78) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.2 (2.21) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">366.1 (14.41) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Gobierno de Canarias<a href="#cite_note-gobierno_de_canarias-65">[65]</a> (Temperatures:1983–1995; Precipitation:1945–1997) </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> <a href="/wiki/Buenavista_del_Norte" title="Buenavista del Norte">Buenavista del Norte</a> </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.34em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">167</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">12</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">95</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.2em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">11</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.4em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">70</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">12</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.36em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">18</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">12</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.24em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">12</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.6em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">19</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">13</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.18em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">9</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.8em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">20</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">14</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">1</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">22</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.06em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.6em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">23</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">18</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.4em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.6em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">23</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.8em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">90</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.2em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.2em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">21</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">16</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.14em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">207</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11em;height:0.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">19</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">15</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.44em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">122</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.6em;height:0.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.1em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">13</div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">Source: <a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.34em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">6.6</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">54</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3.7</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.2em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">52</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.4em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">2.8</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">54</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.36em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">0.7</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">54</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.24em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">0.5</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.6em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">66</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">55</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.18em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">0.4</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.8em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">68</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">57</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">0</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.4em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">72</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.06em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">0.1</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.6em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">73</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">64</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.08em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">0.2</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.4em;height:1.2em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">73</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.8em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3.5</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.2em;height:1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.2em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">70</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">61</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.14em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">8.1</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11em;height:0.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">66</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">59</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.44em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4.8</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.6em;height:0.8em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">55</div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water">Water</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Water">edit</a>]</div> The volcanic ground of Tenerife, which is of a <a href="/wiki/Porous" class="mw-redirect" title="Porous">porous</a> and permeable character, is generally the reason why the soil is able to maximise the absorption of water on an island of low rainfall, with <a href="/wiki/Condensation" title="Condensation">condensation</a> in forested areas and frost deposition on the summit of the island also contributory causes.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Given the irregularity of precipitation and geological conditions on the island, dam construction has been avoided, so most of the water (90 percent) comes from <a href="/wiki/Water_well" class="mw-redirect" title="Water well">wells</a> and from water galleries (horizontal tunnels bored into the volcano) of which there are thousands on the island, important systems that serve to extract its hydrological resources.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> These tunnels are very hazardous, with pockets of volcanic gas or <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>, causing rapid death.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pollution_and_air_quality">Pollution and air quality</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Pollution and air quality">edit</a>]</div> The Canary Islands have low levels of air pollution thanks to the lack of factories and industry and the trade winds which naturally move away contaminated air from the islands. According to official data offered by the Health and Industry Ministry in Spain, Tenerife is one of the cleanest places in the country with an air pollution index below the national average.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Despite this, there are still agents which affect pollution levels in the island, the main <a href="/wiki/Contamination" title="Contamination">polluting agents</a> being the <a href="/wiki/Refiner%C3%ADa_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Refinería de Santa Cruz de Tenerife">refinery at Santa Cruz</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Thermal_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermal power">thermal power</a> plants at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Las_Caletillas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Las Caletillas (page does not exist)">Las Caletillas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Granadilla_de_Abona" title="Granadilla de Abona">Granadilla</a>, and road traffic, increased by the high level of tourism in the island. In addition on the island of Tenerife like on La Palma light pollution must be also controlled, to help the <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Astrof%C3%ADsica_de_Canarias" title="Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias">astrophysical observatories</a> located in the island's summits.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Water is generally of a very high quality, and all the beaches of the island of Tenerife have been catalogued by the Ministry of Health and Consumption as waters suitable for bathing.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Geology">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Geology of the Canary Islands">Geology of the Canary Islands</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Topographic_map_of_Tenerife-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Topographic_map_of_Tenerife-en.svg/280px-Topographic_map_of_Tenerife-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Topographic_map_of_Tenerife-en.svg/420px-Topographic_map_of_Tenerife-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Topographic_map_of_Tenerife-en.svg/560px-Topographic_map_of_Tenerife-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1045" data-file-height="773" /></a><figcaption>Map of Tenerife</figcaption></figure> Tenerife is a rugged volcanic island, sculpted by successive eruptions throughout its history. There are four historically recorded volcanic eruptions, none of which has led to casualties. The first occurred in 1704, when the Arafo, Fasnia and Siete Fuentes volcanoes erupted simultaneously. Two years later, in 1706, the greatest eruption occurred at Trevejo. This volcano produced great quantities of <a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">lava</a> which buried the city and port of <a href="/wiki/Garachico" title="Garachico">Garachico</a>. The last eruption of the 18th century happened in 1798 at Cañadas de Teide, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chahorra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chahorra (page does not exist)">Chahorra</a>. The most recent eruption-in 1909-formed the Chinyero cinder cone in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Santiago_del_Teide" title="Santiago del Teide">Santiago del Teide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> The island is located between 28° and 29° N and the 16° and 17° W meridian. It is situated north of the <a href="/wiki/Tropic_of_Cancer" title="Tropic of Cancer">Tropic of Cancer</a>, occupying a central position between the other Canary Islands of <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a>. The island is about 300 km (186 mi) from the African coast, and approximately 1,000 km (621 mi) from the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>.<a href="#cite_note-atlas-74">[74]</a> Tenerife is the largest island of the Canary Islands archipelago, with a surface area of 2,034.38 km2 (785 sq mi)<a href="#cite_note-extension-75">[75]</a> and has the longest coastline, amounting to 342 km (213 mi).<a href="#cite_note-costa-76">[76]</a> In addition, the highest point, Mount Teide, with an elevation of 3,715 m (12,188 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> is the highest point in all of Spain,<a href="#cite_note-teide-77">[77]</a> is also the third largest volcano in the world from its base in the bottom of the sea. For this reason, Tenerife is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_by_highest_point" title="List of islands by highest point">10th-highest island worldwide</a>. It comprises about 200 small barren islets or large rocks including <a href="/wiki/Roques_de_Anaga" title="Roques de Anaga">Roques de Anaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roque_de_Garachico" title="Roque de Garachico">Roque de Garachico</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fasnia" title="Fasnia">Fasnia</a> adding a further 213,835 m2 (2,301,701 sq ft) to the total area.<a href="#cite_note-extension-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins_and_geological_formation">Origins and geological formation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Origins and geological formation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenerife_formation.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Tenerife_formation.png/170px-Tenerife_formation.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="680" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Tenerife_formation.png 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Tenerife formation</figcaption></figure> Tenerife is a volcanic island that has built up from the ocean floor during the last 20 million years.<a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Underwater fissural eruptions produced <a href="/wiki/Pillow_lava" title="Pillow lava">pillow lava</a>, which are produced by the rapid cooling of the magma when it comes in contact with water, obtaining their peculiar shape. This pillow-lava accumulated, constructing the base of the island underneath the sea. As this accumulation approached the surface of the water, gases erupted from the magma due to the reduction of the surrounding pressure. The volcanic eruptions became more violent and had a more explosive character, and resulted in the forming of peculiar geological fragments.<a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a> After long-term accumulation of these fragments, the birth of the island occurred at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene epoch</a>. The zones on Tenerife known as <a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Teno" title="Macizo de Teno">Macizo de Teno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Anaga" title="Macizo de Anaga">Macizo de Anaga</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Macizo_de_Adeje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macizo de Adeje (page does not exist)">Macizo de Adeje</a> were formed seven million years ago; these formations are called the Ancient Basaltic Series or Series I. These zones were actually three separate islands lying in what is now the extreme west, east, and south of Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> A second volcanic cycle called the Post-Miocene Formations or Latest Series II, III, IV began three million years ago. This was a much more intense volcanic cycle, which united the Macizo de Teno, Macizo de Anaga and Macizo de Adeje into one island. This new structure, called the Pre-Cañadas Structure (Edificio pre-Cañadas), would be the foundation for what is called the Cañadas Structure I. The Cañadas Structure I experienced various collapses and emitted explosive material that produced the area known as Bandas del sur (in the present-day south-southeast of Tenerife).<a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a> Subsequently, upon the ruins of Cañadas Structure I emerged Cañadas Structure II, which was 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) <a href="/wiki/Height_above_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Height above sea level">above sea level</a> and emerged with intense explosive activity. About one million years ago, the Dorsal Range (Cordillera Dorsal) emerged by means of fissural volcanic activity occurring amidst the remains of the older Ancient Basaltic Series (Series I). This Dorsal Range emerged as the highest and the longest volcanic structure in the Canary Islands; it was 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) high and 25 kilometres (16 mi) long.<a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a> About 800,000 years ago, two gravitational <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_landslide" title="Volcanic landslide">landslides</a> occurred, giving rise to the present-day valleys of La Orotava and Güímar.<a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a> Finally, around 200,000 years ago, the giant Icod landslide occurred followed by eruptions that raised the Pico Viejo-Teide<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> in the centre of the island, over the Las Cañadas caldera.<a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orography_and_landscape">Orography and landscape</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Orography and landscape">edit</a>]</div> The uneven and steep <a href="/wiki/Orography" title="Orography">orography</a> of the island and its variety of climates has resulted in a diversity of landscapes and geographical and geological formations, from the Teide National Park with its extensive <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> forests, juxtaposed against the volcanic landscape at the summit of Teide and <a href="/wiki/Malpa%C3%ADs_de_G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Malpaís de Güímar">Malpaís de Güímar</a>, to the Acantilados de Los Gigantes (Cliffs of the Giants) with its vertical precipices. Semidesert areas exist in the south with drought-resistant plants. Other areas range from those protected and enclosed in mountains such as Montaña Roja and Montaña Pelada, the valleys and forests with subtropical vegetation and climate, to those with deep gorges and precipices such as at Anaga and Teno. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Central_heights">Central heights</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Central heights">edit</a>]</div> The principal structures in Tenerife, make the central highlands, with the Teide–<a href="/wiki/Pico_Viejo" title="Pico Viejo">Pico Viejo</a> complex and the Las Cañadas areas as most prominent. It comprises a semi-<a href="/wiki/Caldera" title="Caldera">caldera</a> of about 130 km2 (50 sq mi) in area, originated by several geological processes explained under the Origin and formation section. The area is partially occupied by the Teide-Pico Viejo strato-volcano and completed by the materials emitted in the different eruptions that took place. A known formation called Los Azulejos, composed by green-tinted rocks were created by hydrothermal processes.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> South of La Caldera is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Guajara" title="Mount Guajara">Guajara Mountain</a>, which has an elevation of 2,718 metres (8,917 feet), rising above Teide National Park. At the bottom, is an <a href="/wiki/Endorheic_basin" title="Endorheic basin">endorheic basin</a> flanked with very fine sedimentary material which has been deposited from its volcanic processes, and is known as Llano de Ucanca.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> The peak of <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>, at 3,715 metres (12,188 feet) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> and more than 7,500 metres (24,606 feet) above the ocean floor, is the highest point of the island, Spanish territory and in the Atlantic Ocean. The volcano is the third largest on the planet, and its central location,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] substantial size, looming silhouette in the distance and its snowy landscape in winter give it a unique nature.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The original settlers considered Teide a god and Teide was a place of worship. In 1954, the whole area around it was declared a <a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">national park</a>, with further expansion later on. In addition, in June 2007 it was recognised by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> as a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_sites" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage sites">World Heritage site</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> To the west lies the volcano <a href="/wiki/Pico_Viejo" title="Pico Viejo">Pico Viejo</a> (Old Peak). On one side of it, is the volcano Chahorra o Narices del Teide, where the last eruption occurred in the vicinity of Mount Teide in 1798. The Teide is one of the 16 <a href="/wiki/Decade_Volcanoes" title="Decade Volcanoes">Decade Volcanoes</a> identified by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) as being worthy of particular study in light of their history of large, destructive eruptions and proximity to populated areas. Tallest mountains on Tenerife: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Peak </th> <th>Elevation (meters) </th> <th>Elevation (feet) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Mount Teide</a> </td> <td>3,715 </td> <td>12,198 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pico_Viejo" title="Pico Viejo">Pico Viejo</a> </td> <td>3,135 </td> <td>10,285 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Blanca" title="Montaña Blanca">Montaña Blanca</a> </td> <td>2,748 </td> <td>9,016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Guajara" title="Mount Guajara">Guajara</a> </td> <td>2,718 </td> <td>8,917 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Massifs">Massifs</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Massifs">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anaga_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Anaga_2006.jpg/220px-Anaga_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Anaga_2006.jpg/330px-Anaga_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Anaga_2006.jpg/440px-Anaga_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The uneven contours of the Anaga massif</figcaption></figure> The Anaga massif (<a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Anaga" title="Macizo de Anaga">Macizo de Anaga</a>), at the northeastern end of the island, has an irregular and rugged topographical profile where, despite its generally modest elevations, the Cruz de Taborno reaches a height of 1,024 metres (3,360 feet). Due to the age of its material (5.7 million years), its deep erosive processes, and the dense network of <a href="/wiki/Dike_(geology)" title="Dike (geology)">dikes</a> piercing the massif, its surface exposes numerous outcroppings of both <a href="/wiki/Phonolite" title="Phonolite">phonolitic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trachyte" title="Trachyte">trachytic</a> origin. A large number of steep-walled gorges are present, penetrating deeply into the terrain. Vertical cuts dominate the Anagan coast, with infrequent beaches of rocks or black sand between them; the few that exist generally coincide with the mouths of gorges.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Punta_teno.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Punta_teno.jpg/220px-Punta_teno.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Punta_teno.jpg/330px-Punta_teno.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Punta_teno.jpg/440px-Punta_teno.jpg 2x" data-file-width="889" data-file-height="495" /></a><figcaption>Teno massif—Cliffs of the Giants area</figcaption></figure> The Teno massif (<a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Teno" title="Macizo de Teno">Macizo de Teno</a>) is located on the northwestern edge of the island. Like Anaga, it includes an area of outcroppings and deep gorges formed by erosion. However, the materials here are older (about 7.4 million years old). Mount Gala represents its highest elevation at 1,342 metres (4,403 feet). The most unusual landscape of this massif is found on its southern coast, where the <a href="/wiki/Acantilados_de_Los_Gigantes" title="Acantilados de Los Gigantes">Acantilados de Los Gigantes</a> ("Cliffs of the Giants") present vertical walls reaching heights of 500 metres (1,600 feet) in some places.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> The Adeje massif (Macizo de Adeje) is situated on the southern tip of the island. Its main landmark is the Roque del Conde ("Count's Rock"), with an elevation of 1,001 metres (3,284 feet). This massif is not as impressive as the others due to its diminished initial structure, since in addition to with the site's greater geologic age it has experienced severe erosion of its material, thereby losing its original appearance and extent.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dorsals">Dorsals</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Dorsals">edit</a>]</div> The Dorsal mountain <a href="/wiki/Ridge" title="Ridge">ridge</a> or Dorsal of Pedro Gil covers the area from the start at Mount La Esperanza, at a height of about 750 m (2,461 ft), to the center of the island, near the Caldera de Las Cañadas, with Izaña, as its highest point at 2,390 m (7,841 ft) (<a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure" title="Atmospheric pressure">MSLP</a>). These mountains have been created due to basaltic fissural volcanism through one of the axis that gave birth to the vulcanism of this area.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> The Abeque Dorsal was formed by a chain of volcanoes that join the Teno with the central insular peak of Teide-Pico Viejo starting from another of the three axis of Tenerife's geological structures. On this dorsal we find the historic volcano of Chinyero whose last eruption happened in 1909.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> The South Dorsal or Dorsal of Adeje is part of the last of the structural axis. The remains of this massive rock show the primordial land, also showing the alignment of small volcanic cones and rocks around this are in Tenerife's South.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Valleys_and_ravines">Valleys and ravines</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Valleys and ravines">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Valley" title="Valley">Valleys</a> are another of the island's features. The most important are <a href="/wiki/Valle_de_La_Orotava" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle de La Orotava">Valle de La Orotava</a> and <a href="/wiki/Valle_de_G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Valle de Güímar">Valle de Güímar</a>, both formed by the mass sliding of great quantities of material towards the sea, creating a depression of the land. Other valleys tend to be between hills formed by deposits of sediments from nearby slopes, or simply wide ravines which in their evolution have become typical valleys.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> Tenerife has a large number of ravines, which are a characteristic element of the landscape, caused by erosion from <a href="/wiki/Surface_runoff" title="Surface runoff">surface runoff</a> over a long period. Notable ravines include Ruiz, Fasnia and Güímar, <a href="/wiki/Barranco_del_Infierno_(Tenerife)" title="Barranco del Infierno (Tenerife)">Infierno</a>, and Erques, all of which have been designated protected natural areas by Canarian institutions.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panom-puerto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Panom-puerto.jpg/550px-Panom-puerto.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Panom-puerto.jpg/825px-Panom-puerto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Panom-puerto.jpg/1100px-Panom-puerto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3135" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>Panorama of <a href="/wiki/Valle_de_La_Orotava" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle de La Orotava">Valle de La Orotava</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Coastline">Coastline</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Coastline">edit</a>]</div> The coasts of Tenerife are typically rugged and steep, particularly on the north of the island. However, the island has 67.14 kilometres (41.72 miles) of beaches, such as the one at <a href="/wiki/El_M%C3%A9dano" title="El Médano">El Médano</a>, surpassed only in this respect by the island of <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> There are many black sand pebble beaches on the northern coast, while on the south and south-west coast of the island, the beaches have typically much finer and clearer sand with lighter tones.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-enciclopedia-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Volcanic_tubes">Volcanic tubes</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Volcanic tubes">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Lava_tubes" class="mw-redirect" title="Lava tubes">Lava tubes</a> are volcanic caves usually in the form of tunnels formed within lava flows more or less fluid reogenética duration of the activity. Among the many existing volcanic tubes on the island stands out the <a href="/wiki/Cueva_del_Viento" title="Cueva del Viento">Cueva del Viento</a>, located in the northern town of <a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a>, which is the largest volcanic tunnel in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and one of the largest in the world, for a long time considered the largest in the world. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chamorga,_Macizo_de_Anaga,_Tenerife,_Spain_35.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Chamorga%2C_Macizo_de_Anaga%2C_Tenerife%2C_Spain_35.jpg/220px-Chamorga%2C_Macizo_de_Anaga%2C_Tenerife%2C_Spain_35.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Chamorga%2C_Macizo_de_Anaga%2C_Tenerife%2C_Spain_35.jpg/330px-Chamorga%2C_Macizo_de_Anaga%2C_Tenerife%2C_Spain_35.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Chamorga%2C_Macizo_de_Anaga%2C_Tenerife%2C_Spain_35.jpg/440px-Chamorga%2C_Macizo_de_Anaga%2C_Tenerife%2C_Spain_35.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4450" data-file-height="2783" /></a><figcaption>Chamorga, in the <a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Anaga" title="Macizo de Anaga">Macizo de Anaga</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe_(1894)_(20484502286).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe_%281894%29_%2820484502286%29.jpg/220px-The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe_%281894%29_%2820484502286%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe_%281894%29_%2820484502286%29.jpg/330px-The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe_%281894%29_%2820484502286%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe_%281894%29_%2820484502286%29.jpg/440px-The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe_%281894%29_%2820484502286%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="2820" /></a><figcaption>Lepidoptera illustrations in <a href="/wiki/The_butterflies_and_moths_of_Teneriffe" title="The butterflies and moths of Teneriffe">The butterflies and moths of Teneriffe</a> (1894)</figcaption></figure> The island of Tenerife has a remarkable <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem_diversity" title="Ecosystem diversity">ecosystem diversity</a> in spite of its small surface area, which is a consequence of the special environmental conditions on the island, where its distinct orography modifies the general climatic conditions at a local level, producing a significant variety of <a href="/wiki/Microclimate" title="Microclimate">microclimates</a>. This diversity of microclimates allows some 1400 species of plants to exist on the island, with well over 100 of these endemic to Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-florayfauna-85">[85]</a> The fauna of Tenerife includes some 400 species of fish, 56 birds, five reptiles, two amphibians, 13 land mammals, thousands of invertebrates, and several species of sea turtles and cetaceans. The vegetation of Tenerife can be divided into six major zones that are directly related to altitude and the direction in which they face. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Luftbild_vom_Vulkan_Chinyero_auf_Teneriffa,_Spanien_(48225246682).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Luftbild_vom_Vulkan_Chinyero_auf_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225246682%29.jpg/220px-Luftbild_vom_Vulkan_Chinyero_auf_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225246682%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Luftbild_vom_Vulkan_Chinyero_auf_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225246682%29.jpg/330px-Luftbild_vom_Vulkan_Chinyero_auf_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225246682%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Luftbild_vom_Vulkan_Chinyero_auf_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225246682%29.jpg/440px-Luftbild_vom_Vulkan_Chinyero_auf_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225246682%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5464" data-file-height="3070" /></a><figcaption>Forested areas populated by <a href="/wiki/Pinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinus">Pinus</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Chinyero_Special_Nature_Reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Chinyero Special Nature Reserve (page does not exist)">El Chinyero Special Nature Reserve</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserva_natural_especial_del_Chinyero" class="extiw" title="es:Reserva natural especial del Chinyero">es</a>]</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Lower xerophytic zone: 0–700 metres (0–2,297 feet). Xerophytic shrubs that are well adapted to long dry spells, intense sunshine and strong winds. Many endemic species: spurges, cactus spurge (<a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_canariensis" title="Euphorbia canariensis">Euphorbia canariensis</a>), wax plants (<a href="/wiki/Ceropegia" title="Ceropegia">Ceropegia</a> spp.), etc.</li> <li>Thermophile forest: 200–600 metres (660–1,970 feet). Transition zone with moderate temperatures and rainfall, but the area has been deteriorated by human activity. Many endemic species: juniper (<a href="/wiki/Juniperus_cedrus" title="Juniperus cedrus">Juniperus cedrus</a>), dragon trees (<a href="/wiki/Dracaena_draco" title="Dracaena draco">Dracaena draco</a>), palm trees (<a href="/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis" title="Phoenix canariensis">Phoenix canariensis</a>), etc.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurel_forest" title="Laurel forest">Laurel forest</a>: 500–1,000 metres (1,600–3,300 feet). Dense forest of large trees, descendants of <a href="/wiki/Tertiary" title="Tertiary">tertiary</a> age flora, situated in a zone of frequent rainfall and mists. A wide variety of species with abundant undergrowth of bushes, herbaceous plants, and ferns. Laurels, holly (<a href="/wiki/Ilex_canariensis" title="Ilex canariensis">Ilex canariensis</a>), ebony (<a href="/wiki/Persea_indica" title="Persea indica">Persea indica</a>), mahogany (<a href="/wiki/Apollonias_barbujana" title="Apollonias barbujana">Apollonias barbujana</a>), etc.</li> <li>Wax myrtle: 1,000–1,500 metres (3,300–4,900 feet). A dryer vegetation, poorer in species. It replaces the degraded laurel forest. Of great forestry importance. Wax myrtles (<a href="/wiki/Myrica_faya" title="Myrica faya">Myrica faya</a>), tree heath (<a href="/wiki/Erica_arborea" title="Erica arborea">Erica arborea</a>), holly, etc.</li> <li>Pine forest: 800–2,000 metres (2,600–6,600 feet). Open pine forest, with thin and unvaried undergrowth. Canary Island pine (<a href="/wiki/Pinus_canariensis" title="Pinus canariensis">Pinus canariensis</a>), broom (<a href="/wiki/Genista_canariensis" title="Genista canariensis">Genista canariensis</a>), rock rose (<a href="/wiki/Cistus" title="Cistus">Cistus</a> spp.), etc.</li> <li>High mountain: over 2,000 metres (6,600 feet). Dry climate, intense solar radiation and extreme temperatures. Flora well adapted to the conditions.<a href="#cite_note-florayfauna-85">[85]</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eidechsen_Teide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Eidechsen_Teide.jpg/220px-Eidechsen_Teide.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Eidechsen_Teide.jpg/330px-Eidechsen_Teide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Eidechsen_Teide.jpg/440px-Eidechsen_Teide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1535" data-file-height="1497" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gallotia_galloti" title="Gallotia galloti">Gallotia galloti</a>, a wall lizard species endemic to Tenerife.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistoric_fauna">Prehistoric fauna</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Prehistoric fauna">edit</a>]</div> Before the arrival of humans, the Canary Islands were inhabited by certain endemic animals, now mostly extinct. These animals reached <a href="/wiki/Megafauna" title="Megafauna">larger than usual sizes</a>, because of a phenomenon called <a href="/wiki/Island_gigantism" title="Island gigantism">island gigantism</a>. Among these species, the best known in Tenerife were: <ul><li>The giant rat (<a href="/wiki/Canariomys_bravoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Canariomys bravoi">Canariomys bravoi</a>): Fossils mostly dating from the <a href="/wiki/Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>. Its skull reached up to 7 centimeters long, so it could have reached the size of a rabbit, which would make it quite large compared to European species of rats. Tenerife Giant Rat fossils usually occur in caves and volcanic tubes associated with Gallotia goliath.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li> <li>The slender-billed greenfinch (<a href="/wiki/Slender-billed_greenfinch" title="Slender-billed greenfinch">Chloris aurelioi</a>), an extinct <a href="/wiki/Greenfinch" title="Greenfinch">greenfinch</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li> <li>The long-legged bunting (<a href="/wiki/Long-legged_bunting" title="Long-legged bunting">Emberiza alcoveri</a>), a flightless bunting with long legs and short wings known from Pleistocene to <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a> cave deposits, and one of the few flightless passerines known to science, all of which are now extinct.<a href="#cite_note-Rando1999-88">[88]</a></li> <li>The giant lizard (<a href="/wiki/Gallotia_goliath" title="Gallotia goliath">Gallotia goliath</a>) inhabited Tenerife from the Holocene until the fifteenth century AD. It was a specimen reaching a length of 120 to 125 centimeters (47.2 to 49.2 inches).<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></li> <li>The giant tortoise (<a href="/wiki/Geochelone_burchardi" class="mw-redirect" title="Geochelone burchardi">Geochelone burchardi</a>): A large tortoise, similar to those currently found in some oceanic islands like the <a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands" title="Galápagos Islands">Galápagos Islands</a> in the Pacific Ocean and the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a> in the Indian Ocean. Remains found date from the <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a>; this tortoise may have inhabited the island until the Upper <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>, apparently becoming extinct because of volcanic events long before the arrival of humans. Its shell measured approximately 65 to 94 centimetres (26 to 37 inches).<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG/220px-Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG/330px-Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG/440px-Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="817" /></a><figcaption>Skull of Canariomys bravoi</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protected_natural_areas">Protected natural areas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Protected natural areas">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Espacios_protegidos_Tenerife-en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Espacios_protegidos_Tenerife-en.png/280px-Espacios_protegidos_Tenerife-en.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Espacios_protegidos_Tenerife-en.png/420px-Espacios_protegidos_Tenerife-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Espacios_protegidos_Tenerife-en.png/560px-Espacios_protegidos_Tenerife-en.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="417" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the classification of protected areas in Tenerife</figcaption></figure> Nearly half of the island territory (48.6 percent),<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> is under protection from the <a href="/wiki/Red_Canaria_de_Espacios_Naturales_Protegidos" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Canaria de Espacios Naturales Protegidos">Red Canaria de Espacios Naturales Protegidos</a> (Canary Islands Network for Protected Natural Areas). Of the 146 protected sites under control of network in the Canary Islands archipelago,<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> a total of 43 are located in Tenerife, the most protected island in the group.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> The network has criteria which places areas under its observation under eight different categories of protection, all of them are represented in Tenerife. Aside from <a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Parque Nacional del Teide</a>, it counts the Parque Natural de Canarias (Crown Forest), two rural parks (Anaga and Teno), four integral natural reserves, six special natural reserves, a total of fourteen natural monuments, nine protected landscapes and up to six sites of scientific interest. Also located on the island <a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Anaga" title="Macizo de Anaga">Macizo de Anaga</a> since 2015 is <a href="/wiki/Biosphere_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Biosphere Reserve">Biosphere Reserve</a><a href="#cite_note-efeverde.com-17">[17]</a> and is the place that has the largest number of endemic species in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-efeverde.com-17">[17]</a> In contrast to the land-based protected areas, Tenerife also boasts significant marine protected natural areas. Among these is the Zona de Especial Conservación Teno-Rasca (Teno-Rasca Special Area of Conservation), a marine protected area established in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> This marine protected area off the coast of Tenerife is known for its ecological significance and biodiversity, including resident populations of cetaceans such as bottlenose dolphins and pilot whales.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> It is also known as the Tenerife-La Gomera Marine Area and became the first European designated Whale Heritage Area in January 2021.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Administration">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_and_order">Law and order</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Law and order">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Cruz_Innenhof_der_Presidencia_del_gobierno_de_canarias_(fcm).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Santa_Cruz_Innenhof_der_Presidencia_del_gobierno_de_canarias_%28fcm%29.jpg/170px-Santa_Cruz_Innenhof_der_Presidencia_del_gobierno_de_canarias_%28fcm%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Santa_Cruz_Innenhof_der_Presidencia_del_gobierno_de_canarias_%28fcm%29.jpg/255px-Santa_Cruz_Innenhof_der_Presidencia_del_gobierno_de_canarias_%28fcm%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Santa_Cruz_Innenhof_der_Presidencia_del_gobierno_de_canarias_%28fcm%29.jpg/340px-Santa_Cruz_Innenhof_der_Presidencia_del_gobierno_de_canarias_%28fcm%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>Building of the Presidency of the Canaries Autonomous Government in Santa Cruz</figcaption></figure> Tenerife island's government resides with the <a href="/wiki/Cabildo_de_Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabildo de Tenerife">Cabildo Insular de Tenerife</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> located at the Plaza de España at the island's capital city (<a href="/wiki/Palacio_Insular_de_Tenerife" title="Palacio Insular de Tenerife">Palacio Insular de Tenerife</a>). The political Canary organization does not have a provincial government body but instead each island has its own government at their own <a href="/wiki/Cabildo_(council)" title="Cabildo (council)">Cabildo</a>. Since its creation in March 1913 it has a series of capabilities and duties, stated in the Canary Autonomy Statutes (Spanish: Estatuto de Autonomía de Canarias) and regulated by Law 14/1990, of 26 July 1990, of the Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas de Canarias.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The Cabildo is composed of the following administrative offices; Presidency, Legislative Body, Government Council, Informative Commissions, Spokesman's office. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government">Government</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</div> Tenerife is an autonomous territory of Spain. The island has a tiered-government system and a special status within the European Union in which it holds lower tax rates compared to other regions. Santa Cruz is the seat of half of the regional government departments and parliament and it is there that the governor is elected by the Canarian people. Afterwards, they are appointed by Madrid. There are fifteen members of parliament who work together in passing legislation, organising budgets and improving the economy.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Municipalities">Municipalities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Municipalities">edit</a>]</div> The island, itself part of a <a href="/wiki/Province_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Province (Spain)">Spanish province</a> named <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>, is divided administratively into 31 municipalities. Only three municipalities are landlocked: <a href="/wiki/Tegueste" title="Tegueste">Tegueste</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Tanque" title="El Tanque">El Tanque</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vilaflor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilaflor">Vilaflor</a>. Vilaflor is the municipality with the highest altitude in the Canaries (its capital is 1,400 metres (4,600 ft) high). The largest municipality with an area of 207.31 square kilometres (80.04 square miles) is La Orotava, which covers much of the Teide National Park. The smallest town on the island and of the archipelago is <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a>, with an area of just 8.73 square kilometres (3 square miles).<a href="#cite_note-extension-75">[75]</a> It is also common to find internal division, in that some cities make up a metropolitan area within a municipality, notably the cities of Santa Cruz and La Laguna. Below is an alphabetical list of all the municipalities on the island: <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Municipios_y_zonas_de_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Municipios_y_zonas_de_Tenerife.svg/280px-Municipios_y_zonas_de_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Municipios_y_zonas_de_Tenerife.svg/420px-Municipios_y_zonas_de_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Municipios_y_zonas_de_Tenerife.svg/560px-Municipios_y_zonas_de_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Map of Municipalities in the island of Tenerife</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Name </th> <th rowspan="2">Area (km2) </th> <th colspan="3">Census Population </th> <th rowspan="2">Estimated Population (2023)<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>2001<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> </th> <th>2011<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> </th> <th>2021<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Adeje" title="Adeje">Adeje</a> </td> <td align="right">105.95 </td> <td align="right">20,255 </td> <td align="right">42,886 </td> <td align="right">48,822 </td> <td align="right">50,523 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arafo" title="Arafo">Arafo</a> </td> <td align="right">33.92 </td> <td align="right">4,995 </td> <td align="right">5,509 </td> <td align="right">5,593 </td> <td align="right">5,760 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arico" title="Arico">Arico</a> </td> <td align="right">178.76 </td> <td align="right">5,824 </td> <td align="right">7,688 </td> <td align="right">8,343 </td> <td align="right">9,049 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arona,Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="Arona,Tenerife">Arona</a> </td> <td align="right">81.79 </td> <td align="right">40,826 </td> <td align="right">75,484 </td> <td align="right">83,097 </td> <td align="right">86,497 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buenavista_del_Norte" title="Buenavista del Norte">Buenavista del Norte</a> </td> <td align="right">67.42 </td> <td align="right">4,972 </td> <td align="right">4,827 </td> <td align="right">4,765 </td> <td align="right">4,720 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Candelaria</a> </td> <td align="right">49.18 </td> <td align="right">14,247 </td> <td align="right">25,928 </td> <td align="right">28,614 </td> <td align="right">28,876 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasnia" title="Fasnia">Fasnia</a> </td> <td align="right">45.11 </td> <td align="right">2,407 </td> <td align="right">2,961 </td> <td align="right">2,821 </td> <td align="right">2,991 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Garachico" title="Garachico">Garachico</a> </td> <td align="right">29.28 </td> <td align="right">5,307 </td> <td align="right">5,035 </td> <td align="right">4,921 </td> <td align="right">4,975 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Granadilla_de_Abona" title="Granadilla de Abona">Granadilla de Abona</a> </td> <td align="right">162.40 </td> <td align="right">21,135 </td> <td align="right">41,209 </td> <td align="right">52,401 </td> <td align="right">55,505 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Guancha,_Tenerife" title="La Guancha, Tenerife">La Guancha</a> </td> <td align="right">23.77 </td> <td align="right">5,193 </td> <td align="right">5,422 </td> <td align="right">5,528 </td> <td align="right">5,562 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%ADa_de_Isora" title="Guía de Isora">Guía de Isora</a> </td> <td align="right">143.40 </td> <td align="right">14,982 </td> <td align="right">19,734 </td> <td align="right">21,871 </td> <td align="right">22,478 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Güímar">Güímar</a> </td> <td align="right">102.90 </td> <td align="right">15,271 </td> <td align="right">18,244 </td> <td align="right">21,001 </td> <td align="right">21,558 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a> </td> <td align="right">95.90 </td> <td align="right">21,748 </td> <td align="right">23,314 </td> <td align="right">23,492 </td> <td align="right">24,117 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Matanza_de_Acentejo" title="La Matanza de Acentejo">La Matanza de Acentejo</a> </td> <td align="right">14.11 </td> <td align="right">7,053 </td> <td align="right">8,677 </td> <td align="right">9,134 </td> <td align="right">9,114 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Orotava" title="La Orotava">La Orotava</a> </td> <td align="right">207.31 </td> <td align="right">37,738 </td> <td align="right">41,552 </td> <td align="right">42,546 </td> <td align="right">42,667 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a> </td> <td align="right">8.73 </td> <td align="right">26,441 </td> <td align="right">31,349 </td> <td align="right">30,326 </td> <td align="right">31,396 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Realejos" title="Los Realejos">Los Realejos</a> </td> <td align="right">57.08 </td> <td align="right">33,438 </td> <td align="right">37,517 </td> <td align="right">37,256 </td> <td align="right">37,543 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Rosario,Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="El Rosario,Tenerife">El Rosario</a> </td> <td align="right">39.43 </td> <td align="right">13,462 </td> <td align="right">17,247 </td> <td align="right">17,559 </td> <td align="right">17,905 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> </td> <td align="right">102.60 </td> <td align="right">128,822 </td> <td align="right">152,025 </td> <td align="right">158,117 </td> <td align="right">159,576 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_de_la_Rambla" class="mw-redirect" title="San Juan de la Rambla">San Juan de la Rambla</a> </td> <td align="right">20.67 </td> <td align="right">4,782 </td> <td align="right">5,042 </td> <td align="right">4,892 </td> <td align="right">4,939 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_de_Abona" title="San Miguel de Abona">San Miguel de Abona</a> </td> <td align="right">42.04 </td> <td align="right">8,398 </td> <td align="right">16,465 </td> <td align="right">22,057 </td> <td align="right">23,007 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> </td> <td align="right">150.56 </td> <td align="right">188,477 </td> <td align="right">204,476 </td> <td align="right">208,103 </td> <td align="right">208,906 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santa_%C3%9Arsula" title="Santa Úrsula">Santa Úrsula</a> </td> <td align="right">22.59 </td> <td align="right">10,803 </td> <td align="right">14,079 </td> <td align="right">15,043 </td> <td align="right">15,282 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santiago_del_Teide" title="Santiago del Teide">Santiago del Teide</a> </td> <td align="right">52.21 </td> <td align="right">9,303 </td> <td align="right">10,689 </td> <td align="right">11,101 </td> <td align="right">12,072 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Sauzal" title="El Sauzal">El Sauzal</a> </td> <td align="right">18.31 </td> <td align="right">7,689 </td> <td align="right">8,988 </td> <td align="right">8,938 </td> <td align="right">9,161 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Silos" title="Los Silos">Los Silos</a> </td> <td align="right">24.23 </td> <td align="right">5,150 </td> <td align="right">4,909 </td> <td align="right">4,694 </td> <td align="right">4,677 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tacoronte" title="Tacoronte">Tacoronte</a> </td> <td align="right">30.09 </td> <td align="right">20,295 </td> <td align="right">23,623 </td> <td align="right">24,365 </td> <td align="right">24,701 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Tanque" title="El Tanque">El Tanque</a> </td> <td align="right">23.65 </td> <td align="right">2,966 </td> <td align="right">2,814 </td> <td align="right">2,862 </td> <td align="right">2,810 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tegueste" title="Tegueste">Tegueste</a> </td> <td align="right">26.41 </td> <td align="right">9,417 </td> <td align="right">10,908 </td> <td align="right">11,346 </td> <td align="right">11,375 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Victoria_de_Acentejo" title="La Victoria de Acentejo">La Victoria de Acentejo</a> </td> <td align="right">18.36 </td> <td align="right">7,920 </td> <td align="right">8,947 </td> <td align="right">9,172 </td> <td align="right">9,223 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vilaflor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilaflor">Vilaflor de Chasna</a> </td> <td align="right">56.26 </td> <td align="right">1,718 </td> <td align="right">1,785 </td> <td align="right">1,790 </td> <td align="right">1,850 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6; font-weight:bold;"> <td>Totals </td> <td align="right">2,034.42 </td> <td align="right">701,034 </td> <td align="right">879,303 </td> <td align="right">930,570 </td> <td align="right">948,815 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Counties">Counties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Counties">edit</a>]</div> The counties of Tenerife have no official recognition, but there is a consensus among geographers about them:<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 11em;"> <ul><li>Abona</li> <li>Acentejo</li> <li>Anaga</li> <li>Valle de Güímar</li> <li>Icod</li> <li>Isora</li> <li>Valle de La Orotava</li> <li>Teno</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flags_and_heraldry">Flags and heraldry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Flags and heraldry">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tenerife.svg/170px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tenerife.svg/255px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tenerife.svg/340px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Coat-of-arms of Tenerife</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tenerife" title="Flag of Tenerife">flag of Tenerife</a> was originally adopted in 1845 by the navy at its base in the Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Later, and at present, this flag represents all the island of Tenerife. It was approved by the <a href="/wiki/Cabildo_de_Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabildo de Tenerife">Cabildo Insular de Tenerife</a> and the Order of the Government of the Canary Islands on 9 May 1989 and published on 22 May in the government report of the Canary Islands and made official.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Coat-of-arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat-of-arms">coat-of-arms</a> of Tenerife was granted by royal decree on 23 March 1510 by <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II</a> at <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> in the name of <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joan I</a>, Queen of Castile. The coat-of-arms has a field of gold, with an image of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Michael">Saint Michael</a> (<a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of the island) above a mountain depicted in brownish, natural colors. Flames erupt from the mountain, symbolizing El Teide. Below this mountain is depicted the island itself in <a href="/wiki/Vert_(heraldry)" title="Vert (heraldry)">vert</a> on top of blue and silver waves. To the right there is a castle in <a href="/wiki/Gules" title="Gules">gules</a>, and to the left, a lion <a href="/wiki/Attitude_(heraldry)" title="Attitude (heraldry)">rampant</a> in gules. The shield that the Cabildo Insular, or Island Government, uses is slightly different from that used by the city government of La Laguna, which uses a motto in the arms' border and also includes some palm branches.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Natural_symbols">Natural symbols</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Natural symbols">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_animal_and_plant_symbols_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="List of animal and plant symbols of the Canary Islands">List of animal and plant symbols of the Canary Islands</a></div> The official natural symbols associated with Tenerife are the bird <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_blue_chaffinch" title="Tenerife blue chaffinch">blue chaffinch</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fringilla_teydea" class="mw-redirect" title="Fringilla teydea">Fringilla teydea</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Dracaena_draco" title="Dracaena draco">Canary Islands dragon tree</a> (Dracaena draco) tree.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Teidefink.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fringilla teydea"><img alt="Fringilla teydea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Teidefink.jpg/271px-Teidefink.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Teidefink.jpg/406px-Teidefink.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Teidefink.jpg/542px-Teidefink.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fringilla_teydea" class="mw-redirect" title="Fringilla teydea">Fringilla teydea</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 107.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 105.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Dracaena_draco.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dracaena draco"><img alt="Dracaena draco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Dracaena_draco.jpg/158px-Dracaena_draco.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Dracaena_draco.jpg/238px-Dracaena_draco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Dracaena_draco.jpg/317px-Dracaena_draco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1247" data-file-height="1417" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dracaena_draco" title="Dracaena draco">Dracaena draco</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <table class="toc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="30%" style="float: right; text-align: center; clear: all; margin-left: 20px; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#000000" colspan="8" style="color: white;">Foreign nationalities (2018)<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="3%">Position </th> <th width="89%">Nationality </th> <th width="8%">Population </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></td> <td align="right">42,586 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td align="right">19,224 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></td> <td align="right">17,745 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td align="right">12,321 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td align="right">9,590 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></td> <td align="right">8,188 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></td> <td align="right">8,104 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></td> <td align="right">5,656 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></td> <td align="right">4,773 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td align="right">3,832 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></td> <td align="right">3,761 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td align="right">3,490 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></td> <td align="right">2,760 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td align="right">2,404 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></td> <td align="right">2,073 </td></tr> </tbody></table> According to INE data as at 1 January 2023, Tenerife has the largest population of the seven Canary Islands and was the most populated island of Spain with 948,815 officially estimated inhabitants,<a href="#cite_note-popdataboe-6">[6]</a> of whom about 22.0 percent (208,906) lived in the capital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and 40 percent in the metropolitan area of Santa Cruz–La Laguna.<a href="#cite_note-audes-109">[109]</a> Santa Cruz de Tenerife and the city of <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> are physically one urban area, so that together (and including Tegueste) they have a population of 379,857 inhabitants.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Tenerife has two other metropolitan areas recognized by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Development_(Spain)" title="Ministry of Development (Spain)">Ministry of Development</a>; the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife_South_metropolitan_area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenerife South metropolitan area (page does not exist)">Tenerife South metropolitan area</a> with 194,774 inhabitants (2019) and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Orotava_Valley_metropolitan_area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Orotava Valley metropolitan area (page does not exist)">La Orotava Valley metropolitan area</a> with 108,721 inhabitants (2019).<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> After the city of Santa Cruz the major towns and municipalities as at the start of 2023 are <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> (159,576), <a href="/wiki/Arona,_Tenerife" title="Arona, Tenerife">Arona</a> (86,497), <a href="/wiki/Granadilla_de_Abona" title="Granadilla de Abona">Granadilla de Abona</a> (55,505), <a href="/wiki/Adeje" title="Adeje">Adeje</a> (50,523), <a href="/wiki/La_Orotava" title="La Orotava">La Orotava</a> (42,667), <a href="/wiki/Los_Realejos" title="Los Realejos">Los Realejos</a> (37,543), and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a> (31,396). All other municipalities have fewer than 30,000 inhabitants, the smallest municipality being <a href="/wiki/Vilaflor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilaflor">Vilaflor</a> with a population of 1,850. The island has high rates of resident population not registered in population censuses, primarily tourists. This has made several sources point out that more than one million inhabitants actually live on the island of Tenerife today.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The island is also the most multicultural in the archipelago, with the highest number of registered foreigners (44.9% of registered in Canary Islands), which represent 14% of the total population of the island.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Tenerife stands out in the context of the archipelago, by also concentrating the largest presence of non-EU foreign population.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Tenerife has three large population areas that are very different and distributed: The Metropolitan Zone, the South Zone and the North Zone. With several protected natural parks — 48.6% of the territory — and an urban swarm around the island, in the last half century the insular coastal platform has become a highly urbanized metropolitan system. The high level of population in a relatively small territory — more than 900,000 inhabitants in just over 2,000 km2 (770 sq mi) — and the strong urbanization have turned the island of Tenerife, in the words of architect Federico García Barba; on an "island-city" or "island-ring".<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gr%C3%A1fico.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gr%C3%A1fico.png/220px-Gr%C3%A1fico.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gr%C3%A1fico.png/330px-Gr%C3%A1fico.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gr%C3%A1fico.png/440px-Gr%C3%A1fico.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Demographic evolution of Tenerife</figcaption></figure> Recently Tenerife has experienced population growth significantly higher than the national average. In 1990, there were 663,306 registered inhabitants, which increased to 709,365 in 2000, an increase of 46,059 or an annual growth of 0.69 percent. However, between 2000 and 2007, the population rose by 155,705 to 865,070, an annual increase of 3.14 percent.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> These results reflect the general trend in Spain where, since 2000, immigration has reversed the general slowdown in population growth, following the collapse in the birth rate from 1976. However, since 2001 the overall growth rate in Spain has been around 1.7 percent per year, compared with 3.14 percent on Tenerife, one of the largest increases in the country.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenerife-phil5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tenerife-phil5.jpg/220px-Tenerife-phil5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tenerife-phil5.jpg/330px-Tenerife-phil5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tenerife-phil5.jpg/440px-Tenerife-phil5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Harbour</figcaption></figure> Tenerife is the economic capital of the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-Datos_corporativos_de_CajaCanarias-120">[120]</a> At present, Tenerife is the island with the highest GDP in the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Even though Tenerife's economy is highly specialized in the <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">service sector</a>, which makes 78% of its total production capacity, the importance of the rest of the economic sectors is key to its production development. In this sense, the primary sector, which only represents 1.98% of the total product, groups activities that are important to the sustainable development of the island's economy. The energy sector which contributes 2.85% has a primary role in the development of renewable energy sources. The industrial sector which shares in 5.80% is a growing activity in the island, vis-a-vis the new possibilities created by technological advances. Finally, the construction sector with 11.29% of the total production has a strategic priority, because it is a sector with relative stability which permits multiple possibilities of development and employment opportunities.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Puertodelacruztf.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Puertodelacruztf.JPG/220px-Puertodelacruztf.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Puertodelacruztf.JPG/330px-Puertodelacruztf.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Puertodelacruztf.JPG/440px-Puertodelacruztf.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a>, in the North, during winter, featuring background snowy mountains</figcaption></figure> Tourism is the most prominent industry in the Canaries, which are one of the major tourist destinations in the world. Tenerife is the most visited island in the archipelago<a href="#cite_note-Terra_Noticias-8">[8]</a> and one of the most important tourist destinations in Spain.<a href="#cite_note-riull.ull.es-9">[9]</a> In 2014, 11,473,600 foreign tourists came to the Canary Islands. Tenerife had 4,171,384 arrivals that year, excluding the numbers for Spanish tourists which make up an additional 30% of total arrivals. According to last year's Canarian Statistics Centre's (ISTAC) Report on Tourism the greatest number of tourists from any one country come from the United Kingdom, with more than 3,980,000 tourists in 2014. In second place comes Germany followed by Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, France, Ireland, Belgium, Italy, Denmark, Finland, Switzerland, Poland, Russia and Austria.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Tourism is more prevalent in the south of the island, which is hotter and drier and has many well developed resorts such as <a href="/wiki/Playa_de_las_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Playa de las Americas">Playa de las Americas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Los_Cristianos" title="Los Cristianos">Los Cristianos</a>. More recently coastal development has spread northwards from Playa de las Americas and now encompasses the former small enclave of La Caleta. According to the Moratoria act passed by the Canarian Parliament in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, no more hotels will be built on the island unless they are classified as 5 star-quality and comprise different services such as golf courses or convention facilities. This act was passed with the goal of improving the standard of tourism service and promoting environmentally conscious development. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Playa_de_las_americas_Tenerife.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Playa_de_las_americas_Tenerife.jpg/220px-Playa_de_las_americas_Tenerife.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Playa_de_las_americas_Tenerife.jpg/330px-Playa_de_las_americas_Tenerife.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Playa_de_las_americas_Tenerife.jpg/440px-Playa_de_las_americas_Tenerife.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Sunset at the beach Playa De Las Americas, Tenerife</figcaption></figure> The area known as <a href="/wiki/Costa_Adeje" title="Costa Adeje">Costa Adeje</a> has many facilities and leisure opportunities such as shopping centres, golf courses, restaurants, water parks (the most well-known being <a href="/wiki/Siam_Park_(Tenerife)" title="Siam Park (Tenerife)">Siam Park</a>), animal parks, and a theatre suitable for musicals or a convention centre.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> There are many boats offering whale watching tours from the harbour of Puerto Colon. The deep waters off the coast of Costa Adeje are home to several pods of <a href="/wiki/Pilot_whale" title="Pilot whale">pilot whales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> In the more lush and green north of the island, the main focus of development for tourism has been in the town of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a>. Puerto de la Cruz is home to the <a href="/wiki/SeaWorld" title="SeaWorld">SeaWorld</a>-owned zoo, <a href="/wiki/Loro_Parque" title="Loro Parque">Loro Parque</a>,<a href="#cite_note-tripadvisor.com-125">[125]</a> which has been accused of mistreatment of animals in its captivity, including <a href="/wiki/Orca" title="Orca">orcas</a><a href="#cite_note-Daily_Express_article_-_Water_park_accused_of_'cruelty'_as_images_emerge_of_killer_whales_covered_in_scars-126">[126]</a> and is currently boycotted by major travel agents including <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cook_Group" title="Thomas Cook Group">Thomas Cook</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_article_-_Thomas_Cook_axes_trips_to_SeaWorld_over_animal_welfare_concerns-127">[127]</a> In the 19th century large numbers of foreign tourists came, especially British, showing interest in the agriculture of the islands. With the world wars, the tourism sector weakened, but the second half of the 20th century brought renewed interest. Initial emphasis was on Puerto de la Cruz, and for all the attractions that the Valle de la Orotava offered. By 1980, tourism was focused in south Tenerife. The emphasis was on cities like Arona or Adeje, shifting to tourist centres like Los Cristianos or Playa de Las Americas, which now house 65% of the hotels on the island. Tenerife receives more than 5 million tourists every year; of the Сanary islands Tenerife is the most popular.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a> <a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Currently, the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Adeje" title="Adeje">Adeje</a> in the south of the island has the highest concentration of 5 star hotels in Europe<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> and also has what is considered the best luxury hotel in Spain according to World Travel Awards.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture_and_fishing">Agriculture and fishing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Agriculture and fishing">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bananen_von_Teneriffa,_Spanien_(48225526077).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Bananen_von_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225526077%29.jpg/220px-Bananen_von_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225526077%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Bananen_von_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225526077%29.jpg/330px-Bananen_von_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225526077%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Bananen_von_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225526077%29.jpg/440px-Bananen_von_Teneriffa%2C_Spanien_%2848225526077%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5464" data-file-height="3640" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Banana_plantation" title="Banana plantation">Banana plantations</a> in the western coastline (<a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%ADa_de_Isora" title="Guía de Isora">Guía de Isora</a>)</figcaption></figure> Since tourism dominates the Tenerifan economy, the service sector is the largest. Industry and commerce contribute 40% of the non-tourist economy.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Agriculture contributes less than 10% of the island's GDP, but its contribution is vital as it also generates indirect benefits by maintaining the rural appearance of the island and supporting Tenerifan cultural values. Agriculture is centred on the northern slopes, and is affected by altitude as well as orientation: in the coastal zone, tomatoes and bananas are cultivated, these high yield products are for export to mainland Spain and the rest of Europe; in the drier intermediate zone, potatoes, tobacco and maize are grown, whilst in the south, onions are important.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a> Bananas are a particularly important crop, as Tenerife grows more bananas than the other Canary Islands, with a current annual production of about 150,000 tons, down from the peak production of 200,000 tons in 1986. More than 90% of the total is destined for the international market, and banana growing occupies about 4200 hectares.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> After the banana the most important crops are, in order of importance, tomatoes, grapes, potatoes and flowers. Fishing is also a major contributor to the Tenerifan economy, as the Canaries are Spain's second most important fishing grounds. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy">Energy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Energy">edit</a>]</div> As of 2009, Tenerife had 910 MW of electrical generation capacity, which is mostly powered from petroleum-derived fuels. The island had 37 MW of wind turbines and 79 MW of solar panels.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry_and_commerce">Industry and commerce</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Industry and commerce">edit</a>]</div> Commerce in Tenerife plays a significant role in the economy, representing almost 20% of the GDP, with the commercial center Santa Cruz de Tenerife generating most of the earnings. Although there are a diversity of industrial estates that exist on the island, the most important industrial activity is petroleum, representing 10% of the island's GDP, again largely due to the capital Santa Cruz de Tenerife with its refinery. It provides petroleum products not only to the Canaries archipelago but is also an active in the markets of the Iberian Peninsula, Africa and South America. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Main sights">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monuments">Monuments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Monuments">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castillo_o_Torre_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Castillo_o_Torre_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s.jpg/220px-Castillo_o_Torre_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Castillo_o_Torre_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s.jpg/330px-Castillo_o_Torre_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Castillo_o_Torre_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s.jpg/440px-Castillo_o_Torre_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s" title="Castle of San Andrés">Castle of San Andrés</a>, declared of National Tourist Interest Center.</figcaption></figure> Historical sights in the island, especially from the time after the conquest, include the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_La_Laguna" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of La Laguna">Cathedral of San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_la_Concepci%C3%B3n_(San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna)" title="Iglesia de la Concepción (San Cristóbal de La Laguna)">Church of the Conception of La Laguna</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_la_Concepci%C3%B3n_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)" title="Iglesia de la Concepción (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)">Church of the Conception</a> in the capital. The <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Candelaria" title="Basilica of Candelaria">Basílica de Nuestra Senora de la Candelaria</a> can be found on the island (Patron of Canary Islands). Also on the island are the defensive castles located in the village of <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="San Andrés, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">San Andrés</a>, as well as many others throughout the island. The <a href="/wiki/Auditorio_de_Tenerife" title="Auditorio de Tenerife">Auditorio de Tenerife</a>, one of the most modern in Spain, can be found at the entry port to the capital (in the southern part of Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife). Near the Auditorio de Tenerife are El Castillo Negro and El Parque Marítimo. The <a href="/wiki/Torres_de_Santa_Cruz" title="Torres de Santa Cruz">Torres de Santa Cruz</a> are two twin skyscrapers 120 metres (390 feet) high (the highest residential buildings in Spain and the tallest skyscrapers in the Canary Islands).<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archeological_sites">Archeological sites</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Archeological sites">edit</a>]</div> The island also has several <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_site" title="Archaeological site">archaeological sites</a> of Guanche time (prior to the conquest), which generally are cave paintings that are scattered throughout the island, but most are found in the south of the island. Archaeological sites on the island include the <a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Guanches" title="Cave of the Guanches">Cave of the Guanches</a>, where the oldest remains in the archipelago have been found,<a href="#cite_note-A-135">[135]</a> dating to the 6th century BC,<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Don_Gaspar" title="Caves of Don Gaspar">Caves of Don Gaspar</a>, where the finding of plant debris in the form of carbonized seeds indicates that the Guanches practiced agriculture on the island.<a href="#cite_note-A-135">[135]</a> Both deposits are in the town of <a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a>. Also noteworthy on the island is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estaci%C3%B3n_solar_de_Masca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estación solar de Masca (page does not exist)">Estación solar de Masca</a> (Masca Solar Station), which was an aboriginal sanctuary for the celebration of rites related to fertility and the request for rainwater. This is located in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Buenavista_del_Norte" title="Buenavista del Norte">Buenavista del Norte</a>. Other archaeological sites include that of Los Cambados and that of El Barranco del Rey both in <a href="/wiki/Arona,_Tenerife" title="Arona, Tenerife">Arona</a>.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> One could also highlight the <a href="/wiki/Cueva_de_Achbinico" class="mw-redirect" title="Cueva de Achbinico">Cueva de Achbinico</a> (first shrine Marian of the Canary Islands, Guanche vintage-Spanish). In addition there are some buildings called <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_Pyramids" class="mw-redirect" title="Güímar Pyramids">Güímar Pyramids</a>, whose origin is uncertain. There are also traces that reveal the <a href="/wiki/Punic" class="mw-redirect" title="Punic">Punic</a> presence on the island, as in the wake commonly called "<a href="/wiki/Stone_of_the_Guanches" title="Stone of the Guanches">Stone of the Guanches</a>" in the town of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taganana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taganana (page does not exist)">Taganana</a>. This archaeological site consists of a structure formed by a stone block, large, outdoor, featuring rock carvings on its surface. Among these is the presence of a representation of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Carthage" title="Ancient Carthage">Carthaginian</a> goddess <a href="/wiki/Tanit" title="Tanit">Tanit</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Canarias_Arqueológica-138">[138]</a> represented by a bottle-shaped symbol surrounded by cruciform motifs. It is thought that the monument was originally an altar of sacrifice linked to those found in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Semitic_religion" title="Ancient Semitic religion">Semitic</a><a href="#cite_note-Canarias_Arqueológica-138">[138]</a> field and then reused for <a href="/wiki/Guanche_mummies" title="Guanche mummies">Aboriginal ritual of mummification</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Canarias_Arqueológica-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_arts">Culture and arts</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Culture and arts">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Literature">edit</a>]</div> In the 16th and 17th centuries, Antonio de Viana, a native of La Laguna, composed the epic poem Antigüedades de las Islas Afortunadas (Antiquities of the Fortunate Isles), a work of value to anthropologists, since it sheds light on Canarian life of the time.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> The Enlightenment reached Tenerife, and literary and artistic figures of this era include <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Viera_y_Clavijo" class="mw-redirect" title="José Viera y Clavijo">José Viera y Clavijo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_de_Iriarte_y_Oropesa" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomás de Iriarte y Oropesa">Tomás de Iriarte y Oropesa</a>, Ángel Guimerá y Jorge, Mercedes Pinto and <a href="/wiki/Domingo_P%C3%A9rez_Minik" title="Domingo Pérez Minik">Domingo Pérez Minik</a>, amongst others. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Painting">Painting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Painting">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomas_de_Iriarte_Joaquin_Inza.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tomas_de_Iriarte_Joaquin_Inza.jpg/170px-Tomas_de_Iriarte_Joaquin_Inza.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tomas_de_Iriarte_Joaquin_Inza.jpg/255px-Tomas_de_Iriarte_Joaquin_Inza.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Tomas_de_Iriarte_Joaquin_Inza.jpg/340px-Tomas_de_Iriarte_Joaquin_Inza.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2297" data-file-height="3051" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_de_Iriarte_y_Oropesa" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomás de Iriarte y Oropesa">Tomás de Iriarte y Oropesa</a></figcaption></figure> During the course of the 16th century, several painters flourished in La Laguna, as well as in other places on the island, including <a href="/wiki/Garachico" title="Garachico">Garachico</a>, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, La Orotava and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a>. Cristóbal Hernández de Quintana and Gaspar de Quevedo, considered the best Canarian painters of the 17th century, were natives of La Orotava, and their art can be found in churches on Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> The work of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_de_la_Cruz_y_R%C3%ADos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis de la Cruz y Ríos (page does not exist)">Luis de la Cruz y Ríos</a> can be found in the church of Nuestra Señora de la Peña de Francia, in Puerto de la Cruz. Born in 1775, he became court painter to <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII of Spain</a> and was also a miniaturist, and achieved a favorable position in the royal court. He was known there by the nickname of "El Canario."<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> The landscape painter Valentín Sanz (born 1849) was a native of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and the Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Santa Cruz displays many of his works. This museum also contains the works of <a href="/wiki/Juan_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Botas" title="Juan Rodríguez Botas">Juan Rodríguez Botas</a> (1880–1917), considered the first Canarian <a href="/wiki/Impressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Impressionist">impressionist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> Frescoes by the <a href="/wiki/Expressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Expressionist">expressionist</a> Mariano de Cossío can be found in the church of Santo Domingo, in La Laguna. The watercolorist Francisco Bonnín Guerín (born 1874) was a native of Santa Cruz, and founded a school to encourage the arts. <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Dom%C3%ADnguez" title="Óscar Domínguez">Óscar Domínguez</a> was born in La Laguna in 1906 and is famed for his versatility. He belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Surrealist" class="mw-redirect" title="Surrealist">surrealist</a> school, and invented the technique known as <a href="/wiki/Decalcomania" title="Decalcomania">decalcomania</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sculpture">Sculpture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Sculpture">edit</a>]</div> The arrival from Seville of <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_de_And%C3%BAjar_Cantos" title="Martín de Andújar Cantos">Martín de Andújar Cantos</a>, an architect and sculptor brought new sculpting techniques of the Seville school, which were passed down to his students, including <a href="/wiki/Blas_Garc%C3%ADa_Ravelo" title="Blas García Ravelo">Blas García Ravelo</a>, a native of Garachico. He had been trained by the master sculptor <a href="/wiki/Juan_Mart%C3%ADnez_Monta%C3%B1%C3%A9s" title="Juan Martínez Montañés">Juan Martínez Montañés</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> Other notable sculptors from the 17th and 18th centuries include <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Fern%C3%A1ndez_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Sebastián Fernández Méndez">Sebastián Fernández Méndez</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Ocampo" title="Lázaro González de Ocampo">Lázaro González de Ocampo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rodr%C3%ADguez_de_la_Oliva" title="José Rodríguez de la Oliva">José Rodríguez de la Oliva</a>, and most importantly, <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Est%C3%A9vez_(sculptor)" title="Fernando Estévez (sculptor)">Fernando Estévez</a>, a native of La Orotava and a student of Luján Pérez. Estévez contributed an extensive collection of religious images and woodcarvings, found in numerous churches of Tenerife, such as the Principal Parish of <a href="/wiki/Saint_James_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint James the Great">Saint James the Great</a> (Parroquia Matriz del Apóstol Santiago), in <a href="/wiki/Los_Realejos" title="Los Realejos">Los Realejos</a>; in the Cathedral of La Laguna; the Iglesia de la Concepción in La Laguna; the basilica of <a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Candelaria</a>, and various churches in La Orotava. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timple_Front.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Timple_Front.png/220px-Timple_Front.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="440" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Timple_Front.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Canarian timple</figcaption></figure> An important musician from Tenerife is Teobaldo Power y Lugo Viña, a native of Santa Cruz and a pianist and composer, and author of the Cantos Canarios.<a href="#cite_note-teobaldopower-145">[145]</a> The Hymn of the Canary Islands takes its melody from the Arrorró, or Lullaby, from Power y Lugo Viña's Cantos Canarios.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> Folkloric music has also flourished on the island, and, as in the rest of the islands, is characterized by the use of the <a href="/wiki/Timple" title="Timple">Canarian Timple</a>, the guitar, <a href="/wiki/Bandurria" title="Bandurria">bandurria</a>, <a href="/wiki/La%C3%BAd" title="Laúd">laúd</a>, and various percussion instruments. Local folkloric groups such as Los Sabandeños work to save Tenerife's musical forms in the face of increasing cultural pressure from the mainland.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> Tenerife is the home to the types of songs called the isa, folía, tajaraste, and malagueña, which are a cross of ancient Guanche songs and those of <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a> and Latin America. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Architecture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_BW_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_BW_2.JPG/220px-G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_BW_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_BW_2.JPG/330px-G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_BW_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_BW_2.JPG/440px-G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar_BW_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pyramids_of_G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Pyramids of Güímar">Pyramids of Güímar</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenerife2005_056.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tenerife2005_056.jpg/220px-Tenerife2005_056.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tenerife2005_056.jpg/330px-Tenerife2005_056.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tenerife2005_056.jpg/440px-Tenerife2005_056.jpg 2x" data-file-width="767" data-file-height="587" /></a><figcaption>Architecture in Santa Cruz (<a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)" title="Plaza de España (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)">Plaza de España</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Auditorio_de_Tenerife_013.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Auditorio_de_Tenerife_013.JPG/220px-Auditorio_de_Tenerife_013.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Auditorio_de_Tenerife_013.JPG/330px-Auditorio_de_Tenerife_013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Auditorio_de_Tenerife_013.JPG/440px-Auditorio_de_Tenerife_013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Auditorio_de_Tenerife" title="Auditorio de Tenerife">Auditorio de Tenerife</a>, icon of architecture in Canary Islands<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a></figcaption></figure> Tenerife is characterized by an architecture whose best representatives are the local manor houses and also the most humble and common dwellings. This style, while influenced by those of Andalusia and Portugal, nevertheless had a very particular and native character.<a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> Of the manor houses, the best examples can be found in La Orotava and in La Laguna, characterized by their balconies and by the existence of interior patios and the widespread use of the wood known as pino tea ("<a href="/wiki/Pitch_pine" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitch pine">pitch pine</a>"). These houses are characterized by simple façades and wooden lattices with little ornamentation.<a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> There are sash windows and it is customary for the chairs inside the house to rest back-to-back to the windows. The interior patios function like real gardens that serve to give extra light to the rooms, which are connected via the patio by galleries frequently crowned by wood and stone. Gadgets like stills, water pumps, benches and counters, are elements that frequently form part of these patios.<a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> Traditional houses generally have two storeys, with rough walls of variegated colours. Sometimes the continuity of these walls is interrupted by the presence of stone blocks that are used for ornamental purposes.<a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> The government buildings and religious structures were built according to the changing styles of each century. The urban nuclei of La Orotava and La Laguna have been declared national historical-artistic monuments.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> In recent years, various governments have spearheaded the concept of developing architectural projects, sometimes ostentatious ones, designed by renowned architects–for example, the remodeling of the <a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)" title="Plaza de España (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)">Plaza de España</a> in Santa Cruz de Tenerife by the Swiss architects <a href="/wiki/Herzog_%26_de_Meuron" title="Herzog & de Meuron">Herzog & de Meuron</a>. Other examples include the Playa de Las Teresitas project by the Frenchman Dominique Perrault; the center known as Magma Arte & Congresos; the Torres de Santa Cruz; and the <a href="/wiki/Auditorio_de_Tenerife" title="Auditorio de Tenerife">Auditorio de Tenerife</a> ("Auditorium of Tenerife"). The latter, by the Spaniard <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Calatrava" title="Santiago Calatrava">Santiago Calatrava</a>, lies to the east of the Parque Marítimo ("Maritime Park"), in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and is characterized by its sail-like structure, which evokes a boat, and has become a symbol for the city and island,<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> which makes Santa Cruz de Tenerife one of the Spanish cities with the most futuristic buildings. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crafts">Crafts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Crafts">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Traje_t%C3%ADpico.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Traje_t%C3%ADpico.JPG/220px-Traje_t%C3%ADpico.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Traje_t%C3%ADpico.JPG/330px-Traje_t%C3%ADpico.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Traje_t%C3%ADpico.JPG/440px-Traje_t%C3%ADpico.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Traditional costume</figcaption></figure> Distinctive representatives of craftsmanship on the island are <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_lace" title="Tenerife lace">Tenerife lace</a> (calado canario), which is drawn work <a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">embroidery</a>, and the intricate <a href="/wiki/Doilies" class="mw-redirect" title="Doilies">doilies</a> known as rosetas, or <a href="/wiki/Rosette_(design)" title="Rosette (design)">rosette</a> embroidery, particularly from <a href="/wiki/Vilaflor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilaflor">Vilaflor</a>. The lace, often made for table linen, is produced by the intricate and slow embroidering of a stretched piece of cloth, which is rigidly attached to a wooden frame and is finished with illustrations or patterns using threads that are crossed over and wound around the fijadores, or pins stuck in a small support made of cloth.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> These decorated, small pieces are afterwards joined, to produce distinct designs and pieces of cloth.<a href="#cite_note-casabalcones-152">[152]</a> Another Tenerife-based industry is cabinetwork. The north of the island produced various master craftsman who created distinctive balconies, celosias, doors, and windows, as well as furniture consisting of pieces made in fine wood. Basketmaking using palm-leaves was also an important industry. Other materials are chestnut tree branches stripped of their leaves and <a href="/wiki/Banana_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Banana tree">banana tree</a> fibre (known locally as la badana).<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> Pottery has a long history harking back to the production of ceramics by the Guanches. The Guanches were unfamiliar with the <a href="/wiki/Potter%27s_wheel" title="Potter's wheel">potter's wheel</a>, and used hand-worked clay, which gave their pottery a distinctive look. Pottery was used to produce domestic objects such as pots and grills, or ornamental pieces such as bead collars or the objects known as pintaderas, which were pieces of pottery used to decorate other vessels.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_celebrations">Traditional celebrations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Traditional celebrations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BajadaSocorro2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BajadaSocorro2006.jpg/170px-BajadaSocorro2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BajadaSocorro2006.jpg/255px-BajadaSocorro2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BajadaSocorro2006.jpg/340px-BajadaSocorro2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Annual performance to honour "Our Lady of Candelaria" at Socorro Beach, Güímar</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz">Carnival of Santa Cruz</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Carnival of Santa Cruz">edit</a>]</div> Perhaps the most important festival of Tenerife, popular both on a national and international level, is the <a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>, which has been declared a Festival of International Tourist Interest (Fiesta de Interés Turístico Internacional).<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> The carnival is celebrated in many locations in the north and south of the island, but is largest in scope in the city of Santa Cruz.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> Contests are celebrated, and the carnival includes bands of street musicians (murgas), groups of minstrels (rondallas de Tenerife), masquerades (comparsas), and various associations (agrupaciones). Once the Queen of the festival is elected, the first part of the carnival ends, and thereafter begins the actual street carnival, in which large numbers of people gather in the centre of Santa Cruz, with the carnival lasting ten days.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pilgrimages_(Romerías)">Pilgrimages (Romerías)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Pilgrimages (Romerías)">edit</a>]</div> The most traditional and widespread religious festivals on the islands are the pilgrimages or romerías.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> These events, which incorporate Christian and non-Christian elements, are celebrated by various means: with wagons and <a href="/wiki/Float_(parade)" title="Float (parade)">floats</a>, plowing teams and livestock, in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of a particular place. The processions are accompanied by local dances, local dishes, folkloric activities, local arts and crafts, local sports, and the wearing of traditional dress of Tenerife (trajes de mago). The origins of these events can be attributed to the parties and celebrations held by the richest classes of the island, who would gather to venerate their patron saints, to which they attributed good harvests, fertile lands, plentiful rainfall, the curing of sicknesses and ending of epidemics, etc. They would thus give homage to these saints by consuming and sharing the fruits of their harvest, which included the locally cultivated wines. These have developed into processions to mark festivals dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Mark" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Mark">Saint Mark</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tegueste" title="Tegueste">Tegueste</a>, where the wagons are decorated with the fruits of the earth (seeds, cereals, flowers, etc.); to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Isidore_the_Laborer" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Isidore the Laborer">Saint Isidore the Laborer</a> in Los Realejos; to Saint Isidore the Laborer and <a href="/wiki/Maria_Torribia" title="Maria Torribia">Maria Torribia</a> (Saint Mary of the Head) in La Orotava; the <a href="/wiki/Romer%C3%ADa_Regional_de_San_Benito_Abad" title="Romería Regional de San Benito Abad">Romería Regional de San Benito Abad</a> in La Laguna; <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a> in Candelaria; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Roch" title="Saint Roch">Saint Roch</a> in Garachico; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Augustine" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Augustine">Saint Augustine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arafo" title="Arafo">Arafo</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Romer%C3%ADa_del_Socorro" title="Romería del Socorro">Romería del Socorro</a> in Güímar. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Holiday_of_the_Virgin_of_Candelaria">Holiday of the Virgin of Candelaria</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Holiday of the Virgin of Candelaria">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a> is the patron of the Canary Islands; a feast is held in her honor two times a year, in February and August. The <a href="/wiki/Romeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Romeria">Romeria</a>-Offering to the Virgin of Candelaria is celebrated every 15 August in this event is a tradition that representations of all municipalities of the island and also of all the Canary archipelago come to make offerings to their patron. Another significant act of the feast of the Virgin of Candelaria is called "Walk to Candelaria" held on the night of 14 to 15 August in which the <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage_to_Candelaria" title="Pilgrimage to Candelaria">faithful make pilgrimage on foot from various parts of the island</a>, even coming from other islands to arrive at <a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Villa Mariana de Candelaria</a>. On 2 February we celebrate the feast of the Candelaria. Also on this day come to town many devotees of the Virgin. During the February festivities, the so-called "Procesión de Las Candelas" (Candlelight Procession) stands out, in which the faithful accompany the Virgin in the dark of the night lit only by candles and praying the rosary. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Holiday_of_the_Cristo_de_La_Laguna">Holiday of the Cristo de La Laguna</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Holiday of the Cristo de La Laguna">edit</a>]</div> It is celebrated every 14 September in honor of a much venerated image of Christ in the Archipelago, the <a href="/wiki/Cristo_de_La_Laguna" title="Cristo de La Laguna">Cristo de La Laguna</a>, is held in the city of <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>. Every 9 September, the venerated image of Christ is lowered in public from the main altar of its Royal Sanctuary, after which, the faithful kiss the feet of the image. The image is solemnly transferred in procession to the Cathedral of La Laguna on the afternoon of that day, where it remains for several days, until 14 September, which is the main day, when it is transferred back to its Sanctuary. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Corpus_Christi">Corpus Christi</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Corpus Christi">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaza-centro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Plaza-centro.jpg/220px-Plaza-centro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Plaza-centro.jpg/330px-Plaza-centro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Plaza-centro.jpg/440px-Plaza-centro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="423" /></a><figcaption>Soil Tapestry in the Plaza del Ayuntamiento (Town Square) in <a href="/wiki/La_Orotava" title="La Orotava">La Orotava</a></figcaption></figure> The religious festival of <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi_(feast)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpus Christi (feast)">Corpus Christi</a> is particularly important, and is traditionally celebrated with floral carpets laid in the streets. Particularly noteworthy are the celebrations in La Orotava where a very large carpet, or tapestry, of different coloured volcanic soils, covers the Plaza del Ayuntamiento (town square). These soils are taken from the <a href="/wiki/Parque_Nacional_del_Teide" class="mw-redirect" title="Parque Nacional del Teide">Parque Nacional del Teide</a>, and after the celebration, are returned, to preserve the National Park. The celebration of Corpus Christi in Orotava has been declared of Important Cultural Interest among the official Traditional Activities of the Island.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Easter">Easter</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Easter">edit</a>]</div> Among the numerous other celebrations that define Tenerifan culture, Easter remains the most important. This is celebrated across the island, but is particularly notable in the municipalities of La Laguna, La Orotava and Los Realejos, where elaborate processions take place on Maundy Thursday, Good Friday and Easter Sunday, or "Resurrection Sunday". Holy Week in the city of San Cristobal de la Laguna is the largest of the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Laguna_2022_-_main_facade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/La_Laguna_2022_-_main_facade.jpg/220px-La_Laguna_2022_-_main_facade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/La_Laguna_2022_-_main_facade.jpg/330px-La_Laguna_2022_-_main_facade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/La_Laguna_2022_-_main_facade.jpg/440px-La_Laguna_2022_-_main_facade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9003" data-file-height="7203" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_La_Laguna" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of La Laguna">Cathedral of La Laguna</a>, seat of the local Catholic diocese</figcaption></figure> As with the rest of Spain, Tenerife is largely <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> However, the practice of other religions and denominations has increasingly expanded on the island due to tourism and immigration, as <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelicalism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afro-American_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-American religion">Afro-American religion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Minority religions are stationed in the island: <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Religions">Chinese Religions</a>,<a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-162">[162]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-162">[162]</a> and the neopaganism native form, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Guanche_People" title="Church of the Guanche People">Church of the Guanche People</a>,<a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-162">[162]</a> among others. Christianity and Judaism arrived in the island with the Spanish conquest. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg/220px-Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg/330px-Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg/440px-Tenerife.candelaria.exterior.basilica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3117" data-file-height="1785" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Candelaria" title="Basilica of Candelaria">Basilica of Candelaria</a>, sanctuary of the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a>, patron saint of the Canary Islands</figcaption></figure> An important Catholic festival is the celebration of the <a href="/wiki/Feast_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast day">feast day</a> associated with the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of the Canary Islands, who represents the union of the Guanche and Spanish cultures.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> The Guanches became devoted to a <a href="/wiki/Black_Madonna" title="Black Madonna">Black Madonna</a> that Christian missionaries from <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a> left on a beach near the present-day Villa Mariana de Candelaria, which gave rise to the legends and stories associated with the Virgin. These legends fueled the cult of the Virgin and the <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage_to_Candelaria" title="Pilgrimage to Candelaria">pilgrimages to Candelaria</a> that have existed to this day on the island. Another cult to the Virgin Mary exists in the form of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Los_Remedios" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Los Remedios">Our Lady of Los Remedios</a> (la Virgen de Los Remedios), who is patron of the island and Catholic diocese of Tenerife (Diócesis Nivariense). <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hermano_Pedro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hermano_Pedro.jpg/220px-Hermano_Pedro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hermano_Pedro.jpg/330px-Hermano_Pedro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hermano_Pedro.jpg/440px-Hermano_Pedro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="515" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Saint_Joseph_de_Betancur" title="Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur">Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">franciscan</a> missionary in <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> born in Tenerife. He was the first Canarian to be canonized by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>. This saint is very venerated in Tenerife</figcaption></figure> In Tenerife were born two <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saints</a> who were of the greatest missionaries in the Americas: <a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Saint_Joseph_Betancur" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter of Saint Joseph Betancur">Peter of Saint Joseph Betancur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta" class="mw-redirect" title="José de Anchieta">José de Anchieta</a>. The first was a missionary in <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> and founder of <a href="/wiki/Bethlehemites" title="Bethlehemites">Order of Our Lady of Bethlehem</a> (the first religious order of the Americas), the second was a missionary in Brazil, and was one of the founders of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>. It also highlights the figure of the mystic <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Jesus_de_Le%C3%B3n_y_Delgado" title="Mary of Jesus de León y Delgado">Mary of Jesus de León y Delgado</a>. This nun died with a reputation for holiness and is highly revered throughout the Canary Islands. Her body is intact in the Convent of Santa Catalina de Siena in <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>. Principal Catholic places of worship on the island include: <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Candelaria" title="Basilica of Candelaria">Basilica of Candelaria</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Candelaria</a>): The place where the image of the Virgin of Candelaria can be found, this sanctuary is built in <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">neoclassical</a> style, and is visited daily by the parishioners, who visit the Villa Mariana out of devotion to the Virgin.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_La_Laguna" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of La Laguna">Cathedral of La Laguna</a> (in <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>): The seat of the Diocese of Tenerife (known as the Diócesis Nivariense, or Nivarian Diocese), the cathedral is dedicated to Our Lady of Remedies (la Virgen de Los Remedios). A combination of <a href="/wiki/Neo-Gothic" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Gothic">neo-Gothic</a> and neoclassical architectural elements.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Santuario_del_Cristo_de_La_Laguna" title="Real Santuario del Cristo de La Laguna">Real Santuario del Cristo de La Laguna</a> (in San Cristóbal de La Laguna): One of the most important churches in the Canary Islands, it contains the venerated image of the <a href="/wiki/Cristo_de_La_Laguna" title="Cristo de La Laguna">Cristo de La Laguna</a>, and is a symbol of the city of San Cristóbal de La Laguna.</li> <li>* <a href="/wiki/Mother_Parish_of_the_Apostle_Santiago_(Los_Realejos)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother Parish of the Apostle Santiago (Los Realejos)">Mother Parish of the Apostle Santiago (Los Realejos)</a> (Parroquia Matriz del Apóstol Santiago): Situated in <a href="/wiki/Los_Realejos" title="Los Realejos">Villa de Los Realejos</a>, this parish church was the first Christian church built on the island after its conquest by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castilian</a> forces. It is dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Saint_James_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint James the Great">Saint James the Great</a>, as the conquista was completed on the saint's <a href="/wiki/Feast_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast day">feast day</a> on 25 July 1496. It was, along with the Parish of the Conception of La Laguna, one of the first parishes of the island.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_la_Concepci%C3%B3n_(San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna)" title="Iglesia de la Concepción (San Cristóbal de La Laguna)">The Church of the Conception of La Laguna</a> (Iglesia de la Concepción de La Laguna): One of the most ancient buildings on Tenerife, its construction was ordered by <a href="/wiki/Alonso_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Lugo" title="Alonso Fernández de Lugo">Alonso Fernández de Lugo</a>. It has been declared a National Historic Monument. Around this church were built the dwellings and infrastructure that formed the nucleus of the city of San Cristóbal de La Laguna.</li></ul> Other important churches include the Church of the Conception in La Orotava (Iglesia de la Concepción); the churches of San Agustín and Santo Domingo in La Orotava; the church of Nuestra Señora de la Peña de Francia in Puerto de la Cruz; the church of San Marcos in Icod de los Vinos; the church of Santa Ana in Garachico; and the <a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_la_Concepci%C3%B3n_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)" title="Iglesia de la Concepción (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)">Church of the Conception (Iglesia de la Concepción) in Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>. The first saint of Tenerife<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> and Canary Islands<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> was <a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Saint_Joseph_Betancur" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter of Saint Joseph Betancur">Saint Peter of Saint Joseph Betancur</a>, born in the town of <a href="/wiki/Vilaflor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilaflor">Vilaflor</a>, Tenerife. His main shrine is the <a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Santo_Hermano_Pedro" title="Cave of Santo Hermano Pedro">Cave of Santo Hermano Pedro</a> in <a href="/wiki/Granadilla_de_Abona" title="Granadilla de Abona">Granadilla de Abona</a>, near the coast, where he lived in his youth. This cave is considered one of the most important pilgrimage spots of the Canary Islands. Another notable building on the island is the <a href="/wiki/Masonic_Temple_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Masonic Temple of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Masonic Temple of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>, generally considered the finest example of Masonic temple architecture in Spain;<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> it was the Masonic center of the country until the military occupation of the island by the <a href="/wiki/Franco_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco regime">Franco regime</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> The headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Federation_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Islamic Federation of the Canary Islands">Islamic Federation of the Canary Islands</a> is in Tenerife; the organization was founded to unite the Muslim communities of the Canary Islands in a common association.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> For its part, the headquarters of the Evangelical Council of the Canary Islands is also on the island.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Formal_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Formal education">Formal education</a> in Tenerife began with the <a href="/wiki/Religious_order" title="Religious order">religious orders</a>. In 1530, the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican Order</a> established a chair of philosophy at the convent of <a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_la_Concepci%C3%B3n_(San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna)" title="Iglesia de la Concepción (San Cristóbal de La Laguna)">La Concepción de La Laguna</a>. Still, until well into the 18th century Tenerife was largely without institutions of education. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UniversityLaLaguna.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/UniversityLaLaguna.JPG/220px-UniversityLaLaguna.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/UniversityLaLaguna.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="180" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a>, the oldest and largest university in the Canary Islands</figcaption></figure> Such institutions finally began to develop thanks to the work of the Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País ("Royal Economic Society of Friends of the Country"), which established several schools in San Cristóbal de La Laguna. The first of these was an institute of secondary education established in 1846 to fill the gap left by the closure of the Universidad de San Fernando (see <a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a>).<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> An 1850 annex to this building was the Escuela Normal Elemental, the archipelago's first teachers' college or normal school, which became the Escuela Normal Superior de Magisterio from 1866 onward. These were the only institutions of higher education until the dictator <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Miguel Primo de Rivera">Miguel Primo de Rivera</a> created several institutions. A turning point came around the time of the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Second Spanish Republic</a>. From 1929 to 1933 the number of schools nearly doubled. Shortly after this, though, the start of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> and the following dictatorship of <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> constituted a considerable reversal. Education in the hands of religious orders had a certain importance on the island until the 1970 Ley General de Educación ("General Law of Education") shifted the balance from religiously based education to public education. Public schools continued their advance during and after the post-Franco <a href="/wiki/Spanish_transition_to_democracy" title="Spanish transition to democracy">Spanish transition to democracy</a>. Tenerife today has 301 centers of childhood education (<a href="/wiki/Preschool" title="Preschool">preschools</a>), 297 primary schools, 140 secondary schools and 86 <a href="/wiki/Post-secondary_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-secondary education">post-secondary</a> schools.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> There are also five universities or <a href="/wiki/Post-graduate_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-graduate education">post-graduate</a> schools, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Nacional_de_Educaci%C3%B3n_a_Distancia" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia">Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia</a> (National University of Distance Learning), the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Internacional_Men%C3%A9ndez_Pelayo" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Internacional Menéndez Pelayo">Universidad Internacional Menéndez Pelayo</a> (Menéndez Pelayo International University), the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universidad_Alfonso_X_el_Sabio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (page does not exist)">Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio</a> (University of Alfonso X the Wise) and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universidad_de_Vic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universidad de Vic (page does not exist)">Universidad de Vic</a> (Escuela Universitaria de Turismo de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, "University School of Tourism of Santa Cruz de Tenerife"). The largest of these is the University of La Laguna. The <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Europea_de_Canarias" title="Universidad Europea de Canarias">Universidad Europea de Canarias</a> (European University of the Canary Islands) is located in La Orotava and is the first private university in the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Science_and_research">Science and research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Science and research">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Obs_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Obs_2.jpg/220px-Obs_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Obs_2.jpg/330px-Obs_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Obs_2.jpg/440px-Obs_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="324" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Teide_Observatory" title="Teide Observatory">Teide Observatory</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Astrof%C3%ADsica_de_Canarias" title="Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias">Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias</a> (<a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a> Institute of the Canaries)</figcaption></figure> While Tenerife is not prominent in the history of scientific and academic research, it is the home of the <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Astrof%C3%ADsica_de_Canarias" title="Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias">Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias</a> (Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries). There is also an Instituto de Bio-Orgánica <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Gonz%C3%A1lez" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio González González">Antonio González</a> (Antonio González Bio-Organic Institute) at the University of La Laguna. Also at that university are the Instituto de Lingüística Andrés Bello (Andrés Bello Institute of Linguistics), the Centro de Estudios Medievales y Renacentistas (Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies), the Instituto Universitario de la Empresa (University Institute of Business), the Instituto de Derecho Regional (Regional Institute of Law), the Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales (University Institute of Political and Social Sciences) and the Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales (Institute of Tropical Diseases). This last is one of the seven institutions of the Red de Investigación de Centros de Enfermedades Tropicales (<a href="/w/index.php?title=RICET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RICET (page does not exist)">RICET</a>, "Network of Research of Centers of Tropical Diseases"), located in various parts of Spain. Puerto de la Cruz has the Instituto de Estudos Hispánicos de Canarias (Institute of Hispanic Studies of the Canaries), attached to Madrid's Instituto de Cultura Hispánica. In La Laguna is the Canarian delegation of the <a href="/wiki/Consejo_Superior_de_Investigaciones_Cient%C3%ADficas" class="mw-redirect" title="Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas">Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas</a> (CSIC, Superior Council of Scientific Investigations), the Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias (Canarian Institute of Agrarian Investigation), the Instituto de Estudios Canarios (Canarian Institute of Studies) and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centro_Internacional_para_la_Conservaci%C3%B3n_del_Patrimonio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centro Internacional para la Conservación del Patrimonio (page does not exist)">Centro Internacional para la Conservación del Patrimonio</a> (the International Center of the Conservation of Patrimony). Other research facilities in Tenerife are the Instituto Tecnológico de Canarias, the Instituto Vulcanológico de Canarias, the Asociación Industrial de Canarias, the Instituto Tecnológico de Energías Renovables (Technological Institute of Renewable Energy) and the Instituto Oceanográfico de Canarias in Santa Cruz de Tenerife. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Museums">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Momia_guanche_museo_santa_cruz_27-07.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Momia_guanche_museo_santa_cruz_27-07.JPG/220px-Momia_guanche_museo_santa_cruz_27-07.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Momia_guanche_museo_santa_cruz_27-07.JPG/330px-Momia_guanche_museo_santa_cruz_27-07.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Momia_guanche_museo_santa_cruz_27-07.JPG/440px-Momia_guanche_museo_santa_cruz_27-07.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Guanche_mummies" title="Guanche mummies">Guanche mummy</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Museo_de_la_Naturaleza_y_el_Hombre" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre">Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pueblo_Chico_Guanchen2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Pueblo_Chico_Guanchen2.jpg/220px-Pueblo_Chico_Guanchen2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Pueblo_Chico_Guanchen2.jpg/330px-Pueblo_Chico_Guanchen2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Pueblo_Chico_Guanchen2.jpg/440px-Pueblo_Chico_Guanchen2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1943" data-file-height="1381" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanche</a> figures at Pueblo Chico in <a href="/wiki/La_Oratava" class="mw-redirect" title="La Oratava">La Oratava</a></figcaption></figure> The island boasts a variety of museums of different natures, under dominion of a variety of institutions. Perhaps the most developed are those belonging to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organismo_Aut%C3%B3nomo_de_Museos_y_Centros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organismo Autónomo de Museos y Centros (page does not exist)">Organismo Autónomo de Museos y Centros</a>,<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> which include the following: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Museo_de_la_Naturaleza_y_el_Hombre" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre">Museum of Nature and Man</a>: located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, this museum exhibits the natural riches of the Canary Islands and of the pre-Hispanic people who inhabited these. The Museum of Nature and Man is a world reference in regard to preservation of <a href="/wiki/Mummies" class="mw-redirect" title="Mummies">mummies</a>. The complex is composed of three museums: <ul><li>The Museum of Natural Sciences</li> <li>The Architectural Museum of Tenerife</li> <li>The Canarian Institute of Bioanthropology</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_History_of_Tenerife" title="Museum of the History of Tenerife">Museum of the History of Tenerife</a>: located in the city of <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">La Laguna</a>, the history of museum presents an overview of the institutional, social, economic and cultural development of the Island in from the 15th to 20th centuries.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_and_the_Cosmos" title="Museum of Science and the Cosmos">Museum of Science and the Cosmos</a>, also located in La Laguna adjacent to the property of the Instituto de Astrofísica as a museum about the laws and principles of nature, from those of the cosmos to those of the human body.</li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Museum_of_Anthropology_of_Tenerife&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museum of Anthropology of Tenerife (page does not exist)">Museum of Anthropology of Tenerife</a>, in La Laguna as well, more specifically in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valle_de_Guerra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valle de Guerra (page does not exist)">Valle de Guerra</a> is a public institution for the investigation, conservation and spread of popular culture</li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centro_de_Documentaci%C3%B3n_Canario-Americano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centro de Documentación Canario-Americano (page does not exist)">Centro de Documentación Canario-Americano</a> (CEDOCAM, Center for Canarian-American Documentation), located in La Laguna has a mission of strengthening cultural relations and elements of common identity between the Canaries and the Americas, through such means as conservation, information and diffusion of their shared documentary patrimony.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Fotograf%C3%ADa_Isla_de_Tenerife" title="Centro de Fotografía Isla de Tenerife">Centro de Fotografía Isla de Tenerife</a> ("Island of Tenerife Photographic Center") located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife offers an annual program of expositions that allows contact with tendencies and works of various renowned and emergent photographers of the Canaries. In the future, this center will share a headquarters with the Instituto Óscar Domínguez de Arte y Cultura Contemporánea (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%93scar_Dom%C3%ADnguez_Institute_of_Art_and_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Óscar Domínguez Institute of Art and Culture (page does not exist)">Óscar Domínguez Institute of Art and Culture</a>).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_Espacio_de_las_Artes" title="Tenerife Espacio de las Artes">Tenerife Espacio de las Artes</a> (TEA, "Tenerife Arts Space") also in Santa Cruz de Tenerife was founded to promote knowledge of the many contemporary tendencies in art and culture among the local population and visitors, by organizing cultural, scientific, educational and technical activities.</li></ul> Independent of the Organismo Autónomo de Museos y Centros are: <ul><li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Casa_del_Carnaval_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casa del Carnaval (Santa Cruz de Tenerife) (page does not exist)">Casa del Carnaval</a> or Carnival House, located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, is a museum dedicated to the history of the <a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>. The enclosure has two exhibition areas; one for temporary exhibitions and also used as an assembly hall, and another for permanent exhibitions in which the costumes of the queen of the carnival of each year stand out, the original posters of the carnival, thematic videos of the history of the party, touch screens and virtual reality glasses, etc.</li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Convento_de_San_Francisco_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convento de San Francisco (Santa Cruz de Tenerife) (page does not exist)">Municipal Museum of Fine Arts</a> in the Tenerifan capital has a permanent exhibit of the paintings and sculptures of <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Ribera" class="mw-redirect" title="José de Ribera">José de Ribera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federico_Madrazo" class="mw-redirect" title="Federico Madrazo">Federico Madrazo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Sorolla" title="Joaquín Sorolla">Joaquín Sorolla</a> and such Canarian artists as <a href="/wiki/Manolo_Millares" title="Manolo Millares">Manolo Millares</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Dom%C3%ADnguez" title="Óscar Domínguez">Óscar Domínguez</a>.</li> <li>The Casa del Vino-La Baranda ("House of Wine-La Baranda"), a member of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asociaci%C3%B3n_de_Museos_del_Vino_de_Espa%C3%B1a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asociación de Museos del Vino de España (page does not exist)">Asociación de Museos del Vino de España</a> (Association of Wine Museums of Spain),<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> is located in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/El_Sauzal" title="El Sauzal">El Sauzal</a>. Its facilities include a rustic, historic hacienda, a museum of the history of <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">viticulture</a> in Tenerife, a restaurant serving typical Tenerifan food, a wine store, an audiovisual hall, and a tasting room.</li> <li>The Casa de la Miel ("House of Honey") is an annex to the Casa del Vino-La Baranda, and was established by the Cabildo Insular to support and develop the <a href="/wiki/Apiculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Apiculture">apicultural</a> (bee-keeping) sector on Tenerife. The visitor center of the Casa de la Miel offers exhibits about the history of this industry on the island and how apiculture is conducted, as well as information services and opportunities to taste Tenerifan <a href="/wiki/Denominaci%C3%B3n_de_origen" title="Denominación de origen">denominación de origen</a> honeys.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a></li> <li>The Museum of Iberoamerican Artisanship is located in the old convent of San Benito Abad, in La Orotava. El centro se encuadra dentro del programa de divulgación que ejecuta el Center for Documentation of Artisanship in Spain and the Americas,<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> The Foundation is financed by the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism; the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agencia_Espa%C3%B1ola_de_Cooperaci%C3%B3n_Internacional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional (page does not exist)">Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional</a> (Spanish Agency of International Cooperation), the Comisión Nacional "Quinto Centeneario" ("Fifth Centenary" National Commission), the Consejería de Industria y Comercio del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gobierno_de_Canarias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gobierno de Canarias (page does not exist)">Gobierno de Canarias</a> (Council of Industry and Commerce of the Government of the Canaries), and the <a href="/wiki/Cabildo_Insular_de_Tenerife" title="Cabildo Insular de Tenerife">Cabildo Insular de Tenerife</a>. It has five galleries, specialized in popular musical instruments, textiles / new designs in artisanship, ceramics, fibers, and popular art.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz">Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz</a> in the city of the same name is located in a traditional casona (a type of house dating from the 18th–19th century), offers an archival collection comprising more than 2,600 specimens of items from the Guanche culture, and a document collection named after researcher Luis Diego Cuscoy.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regional_Military_Museum_of_the_Canaries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regional Military Museum of the Canaries (page does not exist)">Regional Military Museum of the Canaries</a>, is located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, more specifically in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuerte_de_Almeyda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuerte de Almeyda (page does not exist)">Fuerte de Almeyda</a> district. Its galleries present all of the military history of the de Canaries, including the repelling of the attack by British Admiral <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Horatio Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a>, as well as other events and battles waged in the islands. Separate from the Regional Military Museum are files providing the Intermediate Military Archive of the Canaries and the Military Library of the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Globalize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-globalize" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="Globe icon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/48px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/73px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/97px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The examples and perspective in this section may not represent a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias">worldwide view</a> of the subject. You may <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit">improve this section</a>, discuss the issue on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Tenerife" title="Talk:Tenerife">talk page</a>, or create a new section, as appropriate. (November 2019) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Along with many Spanish-language radio and TV stations, Tenerife has two official English-language radio stations. <a href="/wiki/Coast_FM_(Tenerife)" title="Coast FM (Tenerife)">Coast FM</a> broadcasts a mix of adult contemporary music and is the only local news service to broadcast in English. As the larger of the two stations, Coast FM can be heard across Tenerife and much of the Canary Islands from its transmitters on 106.6, 92.2 and 89.4. Energy FM is a non-stop music station that also broadcasts local news and information on the hour. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport_and_communications">Transport and communications</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Transport and communications">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SantaCruzHarbour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/SantaCruzHarbour.jpg/220px-SantaCruzHarbour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/SantaCruzHarbour.jpg/330px-SantaCruzHarbour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/SantaCruzHarbour.jpg/440px-SantaCruzHarbour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>Santa Cruz de Tenerife</figcaption></figure> The island of Tenerife is served by <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Tenerife North Airport</a> (GCXO) and <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a> (GCTS). Tenerife North Airport, the smaller of the two, is located near the metropolitan area Santa Cruz-La Laguna (423,000 inhabitants). It serves inter-insular flights as well as national and European flights. Tenerife South Airport (south) is the busiest Airport in Tenerife, ranking 7th in Spain. It typically serves the mass of regular and vacation charter flights constantly arriving from most of Europe. The other way to arrive on Tenerife is by ferry, either to Santa Cruz de Tenerife or Los Cristianos, near Playa de Las Américas. A network consisting of two fast, toll-free motorways (TF1 and TF5) encircles nearly the entire island, linking all the main towns and resorts with the metropolitan area. The exception is in the West, from Adeje to Icod de los Vinos, which is traversed by a smaller winding mountain road. However, plans are in progress to complete the motorway, which caused a heavy debate between the environmentalists and the local businessmen. Away from the major motorways, there is a network of secondary and communal roads, varying from wide to steep, winding narrow roads, mainly unlit and often with drops on either side of the main carriageway surface. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teno_Cape.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/97/Teno_Cape.JPG/220px-Teno_Cape.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/97/Teno_Cape.JPG/330px-Teno_Cape.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/97/Teno_Cape.JPG/440px-Teno_Cape.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1184" data-file-height="896" /></a><figcaption>Teno, the westernmost point in the island</figcaption></figure> Public transport on the island is provided by an extensive network of buses and run by <a href="/wiki/TITSA" title="TITSA">TITSA</a>, who operate a fleet of modern, air-conditioned buses.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> TITSA buses cover most of the island and they are fairly frequent. For more than one journey, customers can purchase a TenMas <a href="/wiki/Contactless_smart_card" title="Contactless smart card">contactless smart card</a> for €2, which can be topped up with up to €100 travel credit. Using the TenMas card provides a discount over cash fares, and, for Tenerife residents, a card allowing unlimited travel for a monthly fee is also available.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> The card can be purchased and topped up at bus stations and many newsagents. It is also valid on the tram in the capital, Santa Cruz (See Below). A hire car is sometimes a good option for discovering the remote wilderness regions, although TITSA operate reliable bus services in the remotest spots, such as the Teno Massif via Masca (355), and up the Anaga mountains (247). TITSA operate two daily services up Mount Teide – from Puerto de la Cruz (348) and from Los Christianos/Las Americas (342) up to the Teide Parador, Teleferico cable car, Montana Blanca and El Portillo. Car rental companies that have offices in the airports are: Autoreisen, Avis, Cicar, Europcar, Goldcar (only south airport), Hertz, <a href="/wiki/Sixt" title="Sixt">Sixt</a> and TopCar.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> The metropolitan Area formed by Santa Cruz and La Laguna is served by the Tranvía de Tenerife (Tenerife Tram) which opened in early 2007, after 3 years of intensive works. The fairly lengthy line from Santa Cruz up the hill to La Laguna serves almost 20 stops. A second line within La Laguna was added in 2009. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Roads">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AutopistaTF5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/AutopistaTF5.jpg/220px-AutopistaTF5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/AutopistaTF5.jpg/330px-AutopistaTF5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/AutopistaTF5.jpg/440px-AutopistaTF5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>TF5 motorway approaching Santa Cruz</figcaption></figure> The main means of transportation in Tenerife is by highways. The most important of these are the <a href="/wiki/Autopista_TF-1" title="Autopista TF-1">Autopista del Sur</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Autopista_TF-5" title="Autopista TF-5">Autopista del Norte</a> (the North and South Motorways), which run from the metropolitan zone to the south and north, respectively. These two motorways are connected by means of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autov%C3%ADa_Interconexi%C3%B3n_Norte-Sur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autovía Interconexión Norte-Sur (page does not exist)">Autovía de Interconexión Norte-Sur</a> in the outskirts of the metropolitan zone. Within the network of roads on the island of Tenerife there are other minor roads that used to include the highway from San Andres and Santa Cruz (Holy Cross in English).<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> Also planned is the construction of a bypass road north of the metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, La Laguna. This aims to provide dual cores to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guamasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guamasa (page does not exist)">Guamasa</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acor%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acorán (page does not exist)">Acorán</a>, by way of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Los_Bald%C3%ADos_(Tenerife)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Los Baldíos (Tenerife) (page does not exist)">Los Baldíos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centenero_(Tenerife)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centenero (Tenerife) (page does not exist)">Centenero</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Llano_del_Moro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Llano del Moro (page does not exist)">Llano del Moro</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Sobradillo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Sobradillo (page does not exist)">El Sobradillo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Tablero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Tablero (page does not exist)">El Tablero</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Chorrillo_(Tenerife)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Chorrillo (Tenerife) (page does not exist)">El Chorrillo</a>, among other neighbourhoods. The route will be approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) long and will cost an estimated 190 million euros (270 million in American dollars).<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Airports">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodeos_verde.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Rodeos_verde.JPG/220px-Rodeos_verde.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Rodeos_verde.JPG/330px-Rodeos_verde.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Rodeos_verde.JPG/440px-Rodeos_verde.JPG 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="444" /></a><figcaption>Tenerife North Airport</figcaption></figure> Tenerife is most easily reached by air. There are two airports: <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a>, in the south, and <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Tenerife North Airport</a>, near Santa Cruz. Overall, Tenerife has the highest annual passenger count and the greatest number of arrivals in Canary Islands, made more popular by the frequency of cheap flights from many European destinations. Tenerife North Airport and Tenerife South Airport together account for the highest passenger numbers in the Islands with some 14 million passengers annually (AENA report<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a>). Of the two airports on the island, Tenerife South is the most popular tourist destination.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ports">Ports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Ports">edit</a>]</div> Besides air transport, Tenerife has two principal maritime ports: the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> (Puerto de Santa Cruz), which serves the various capitals of the Canary Islands, especially those in the west; and the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Los_Cristianos" title="Port of Los Cristianos">Port of Los Cristianos</a> (Puerto de Los Cristianos), which serves the various island capitals of the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. The first port also has passenger services, which connect with the mainland port of <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a> (and vice versa). In 2017, a large important port was opened in the south of the island, the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Granadilla" title="Port of Granadilla">Port of Granadilla</a>, and another one is planned in the west, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Port_of_Fonsal%C3%ADa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Port of Fonsalía (page does not exist)">Fonsalía</a>.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> The Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is the first fishing port in the Canary Islands with approximately 7,500 tons of fish caught, according to the Statistical Yearbook of the State Ports 2006 (the latest of which is changing). Following this report is the largest port number of passengers recorded. Similarly, the second port of Spain moving ship and loaded into cars, only surpassed by the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Algeciras" title="Port of Algeciras">Port of Algeciras</a> Bay.<a href="#cite_note-puertos.es-191">[191]</a> In the port's facilities include a border inspection post (BIP) approved by the European Union, which is responsible for inspecting all types of imports from third countries or exports to countries outside the European Economic Area. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buses_(guaguas)">Buses (guaguas)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: Buses (guaguas)">edit</a>]</div> Tenerife has an extensive system of buses, which are called guaguas in the Canary Islands. The bus system is used both within the cities and also connects most of the towns and cities of the island. There are bus stations in all of the major towns, such as the <a href="/wiki/Intercambiador" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercambiador">Intercambiador de Transportes de Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxis">Taxis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Taxis">edit</a>]</div> There is a well-regulated taxi service on the island.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tramway">Tramway</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: Tramway">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tranv%C3%ADa_de_Tenerife1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tranv%C3%ADa_de_Tenerife1.jpg/220px-Tranv%C3%ADa_de_Tenerife1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tranv%C3%ADa_de_Tenerife1.jpg/330px-Tranv%C3%ADa_de_Tenerife1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tranv%C3%ADa_de_Tenerife1.jpg/440px-Tranv%C3%ADa_de_Tenerife1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="985" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption>Tramway servicing between Santa Cruz and La Laguna</figcaption></figure> Since 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_Tram" title="Tenerife Tram">Tenerife Tram</a> connects <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">La Laguna</a> through the suburb of Taco. There are 20 stops and it covers a distance of 12.5 km (7.8 mi) in 37 minutes. It calls at some points of interest including Tenerife's two major hospitals, the university complex of Guajara, and a number of museums and theatres. Concerning its power supply, it will support development of further wind farms to provide it with 100 percent clean energy.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Railway_plans">Railway plans</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: Railway plans">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tren_del_Sur" title="Tren del Sur">Tren del Sur</a></div> By 2005, plans for a light-rail network linking the capital with the South had been approved by both the <a href="/wiki/Cabildo_Canaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabildo Canaries">Tenerife Council</a> and the Canary Islands Government, though the discussion with the central Spanish Government stalled on budget issues.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> The original intent was to establish two railway systems that would serve the northern and southern sides of the island connecting these with the capital.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> By March 2011, these intentions had been replaced by advanced plans for a single 80 km (50 mi) <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed rail</a> line, the "<a href="/wiki/Tren_del_Sur" title="Tren del Sur">South Train</a>" which would connect <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> with <a href="/wiki/Adeje" title="Adeje">Adeje</a> via Santa Maria de Añaza, <a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Candelaria</a>, San Isidro, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a>, and a main stopover station at <a href="/wiki/Adeje" title="Adeje">Adeje</a> which would be designed to service up to 25,000 passengers per day. Trains would run every 15 minutes during rush hours, and would achieve speeds up to 220 km/h (137 mph). The project, which involves 9 tunnels, 12 false tunnels (together 22.1 km) and 33 viaducts (8.3 km) has been budgeted at EUR 1.7 bn. It has met staunch opposition from local environmentalists.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> An alternate plan for a high-speed <a href="/wiki/Transrapid#Tenerife" title="Transrapid">Transrapid maglev</a> has also been put forward.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourist_train">Tourist train</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: Tourist train">edit</a>]</div> A <a href="/wiki/Trackless_train" title="Trackless train">tourist train</a> (Tren Turístico) serves Costa Adeje to Los Cristianos with several stops including in Playa de las Americas. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cableway">Cableway</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Cableway">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cabina_Telef%C3%A9rico.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Teide cableway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cabina_Telef%C3%A9rico.jpg/220px-Cabina_Telef%C3%A9rico.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cabina_Telef%C3%A9rico.jpg/330px-Cabina_Telef%C3%A9rico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cabina_Telef%C3%A9rico.jpg/440px-Cabina_Telef%C3%A9rico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1949" data-file-height="1299" /></a><figcaption>Teide cableway</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Teide_Cableway" title="Teide Cableway">Teide Cableway</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Tenerife" title="Sport in Tenerife">Sport in Tenerife</a></div> On the island of Tenerife, a large number of sports are practised, both outdoors and indoors in the various facilities available throughout the island. The sports are numerous – Diving, Rock Climbing, Walking, Cycling, Sailing, Golf, Surfing, Go-Karting, Paragliding<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> – the all year round weather makes it ideal for a wide variety of outdoor sports. There are also many indoor sporting facilities including fully equipped including 'Tenerife Top Training' centre in Adeje on the South of the Island. Its most well-known sports team is <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> club <a href="/wiki/CD_Tenerife" title="CD Tenerife">CD Tenerife</a> based in Santa Cruz. The club has spent time in the Spanish top flight, but have in recent decades primarily played in the second division of Spanish football. Also worth mentioning is the <a href="/wiki/Ultramarathon" title="Ultramarathon">ultramarathon</a> <a href="/wiki/CajaMar_Tenerife_Bluetrail" class="mw-redirect" title="CajaMar Tenerife Bluetrail">CajaMar Tenerife Bluetrail</a>, the highest race in Spain and second in Europe,<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> with the participation of several countries and great international repercussions. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias.png/220px-Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias.png/330px-Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias.png/440px-Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias.png 2x" data-file-width="2640" data-file-height="1528" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias" title="Hospital Universitario de Canarias">Hospital Universitario de Canarias</a></figcaption></figure> The main hospitals on the island are the <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias" title="Hospital Universitario de Canarias">Hospital Universitario de Canarias</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Universitario_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Candelaria" title="Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria">Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria</a>. Both are third-level hospitals, with specialist facilities that serve all of the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> They are both affiliated with the education and research network of the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_La_Laguna" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de La Laguna">Universidad de La Laguna</a>. However, they belong to different bodies, since the first one is under the directives of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Servicio_Canario_de_la_Salud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Servicio Canario de la Salud (page does not exist)">Servicio Canario de la Salud</a> (Canarian Health Service).<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> The Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria it is the largest hospital complex in the Canary Islands.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> In addition, two large new hospitals have recently been built in the north and south areas of the island, located in the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arona,_Tenerife" title="Arona, Tenerife">Arona</a> respectively. The <a href="/wiki/Hospital_del_Norte_de_Tenerife" title="Hospital del Norte de Tenerife">Hospital del Norte de Tenerife</a> (Tenerife North Hospital) opened in 2012 and the <a href="/wiki/Hospital_del_Sur_de_Tenerife" title="Hospital del Sur de Tenerife">Hospital del Sur de Tenerife</a> (Tenerife South Hospital) opened in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> These centers will function, according to their classification, as second level hospitals, with services of hospitalization, advanced diagnosis, ambulances and emergencies, and rehabilitation, etc. There are also a total of 39 centers of primary care and specialized clinics which complete the sanitary infrastructure of Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gastronomy">Gastronomy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Gastronomy">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fish">Fish</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: Fish">edit</a>]</div> Due to the geographic situation of Tenerife, the island enjoys an abundance of fish of various kinds. The species that are consumed the most are the <a href="/wiki/Combtooth_blennies" class="mw-redirect" title="Combtooth blennies">Combtooth blennies</a> (viejas), as well as <a href="/wiki/Sea_bream" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea bream">sea bream</a> (sama), <a href="/wiki/Red_porgy" title="Red porgy">red porgy</a> (bocinegro), <a href="/wiki/Sarpa_salpa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarpa salpa">gold lined bream</a> (salema), <a href="/wiki/Grouper" title="Grouper">grouper</a> (mero), and various and abundant types of <a href="/wiki/Thunnus" title="Thunnus">Thunnus</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_mackerel" title="Atlantic mackerel">Atlantic mackerel</a> (caballa), <a href="/wiki/Sardine" title="Sardine">sardine</a> (sardine), and <a href="/wiki/Jack_mackerels" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack mackerels">Jack mackerels</a> (chicharros) are also consumed frequently. <a href="/wiki/Moray_eels" class="mw-redirect" title="Moray eels">Moray eels</a> (morenas) are also eaten, usually fried. Most seafood is cooked simply, usually boiled, or prepared "a la espalda" (cut into two equally shaped pieces along the spine) or "a la sal" (baked in salt). These dishes are usually accompanied by mojo (a local sauce) and wrinkly potatoes.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meat">Meat</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: Meat">edit</a>]</div> The typical festive meat dish of marinated pork <a href="/wiki/Taco" title="Taco">tacos</a> is a very popular dish prepared for town festivities in ventorrillos, bars and private homes.<a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> Rabbit in <a href="/wiki/Salmorejo" title="Salmorejo">salmorejo</a>, goat, beef, pork and poultry are regularly consumed.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canarian_wrinkly_potatoes">Canarian wrinkly potatoes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: Canarian wrinkly potatoes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papasarrugadas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Papasarrugadas.jpg/220px-Papasarrugadas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Papasarrugadas.jpg/330px-Papasarrugadas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Papasarrugadas.jpg/440px-Papasarrugadas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Canarian wrinkly potatoes, with red mojo</figcaption></figure> The fish dishes along with the meats are often accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Canarian_wrinkly_potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian wrinkly potatoes">wrinkly potatoes</a> (papas arrugadas). This is a typical Canarian dish which simply refers to the way the cooked potatoes look. They are boiled in their skins, in water with much salt, and the water is allowed to evaporate, leaving a salty crust.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mojos">Mojos</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=78" title="Edit section: Mojos">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Mojo_(sauce)" title="Mojo (sauce)">Mojo</a>, a word probably of Portuguese origin, describes a typical Canarian sauce, served as an accompaniment to food. The sauces come in a variety of colours, flavours and textures, and are usually served cold, often in separate dishes, for the diner to choose how much to apply. Green mojo usually includes coriander, parsley, and garlic; whilst red mojo is piquant, and made from a mix of hot and sweet peppers. A wide variety of other ingredients are also used, including; almonds, cheese, saffron and fried bread.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> Mojos are served with most meat, and some fish, dishes, and are often used on potatoes, or bread is dipped into them. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cheeses">Cheeses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=79" title="Edit section: Cheeses">edit</a>]</div> Tenerife exports about 3,400 tons of cheese per year, representing about 50 percent of the output of the island, and about 25 percent of the entire Canary Islands.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] After the conquest of the Canary Islands, one of the first commercial activities to be started was cheese production. The sale of cheese provided the inhabitants with an income and cheese was even used as a form of currency for exchange and sale, becoming a crucial product in agricultural areas of the island. Cheese grew to become one of the most commonly produced and consumed products on the island and is regularly served as part of a starter course or as a snack. Farms at Arico, La Orotava and Teno produced a variety of cheeses, including soft cheeses, cured, smoked and were mostly handmade. Today the main product is <a href="/wiki/Goat_cheese" title="Goat cheese">goat cheese</a>, although certain amounts are made from sheep's or cow's milk, and according to the Registro General Sanitario de Alimentos, the general health registry, around 75 different <a href="/wiki/Cottage_cheese" title="Cottage cheese">cottage cheeses</a> are produced.<a href="#cite_note-Web_Oficial_del_Cabildo_de_Tenerife-207">[207]</a> The cheeses of the Canaries have generally received good international reviews, noted for their sweetness which differentiates them from certain other European cheeses.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> In particular, Tenerifan cured goats cheese was awarded best cheese in the world final of the 2008 <a href="/wiki/World_Cheese_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="World Cheese Awards">World Cheese Awards</a> held in <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>, Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> Cheeses from Tenerife now have a quality mark promoted by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fundaci%C3%B3n_Tenerife_Rural&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fundación Tenerife Rural (page does not exist)">Fundación Tenerife Rural</a>, to standardize their quality in an attempt to publicize the qualities of the cheese and improve its marketing.<a href="#cite_note-Web_Oficial_del_Cabildo_de_Tenerife-207">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gofio">Gofio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=80" title="Edit section: Gofio">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gofioescaldado.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gofioescaldado.jpg/220px-Gofioescaldado.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gofioescaldado.jpg/330px-Gofioescaldado.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gofioescaldado.jpg/440px-Gofioescaldado.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Gofio escaldado</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Gofio" title="Gofio">Gofio</a> is one of the more traditional elements of cooking on the island, It is made with <a href="/wiki/Cereal_grain" class="mw-redirect" title="Cereal grain">cereal grains</a> that are roasted and then ground. Increasingly used to make a gofio on the island is wheat although there are other types, and they are often made with <a href="/wiki/Chickpea" title="Chickpea">chickpeas</a>. Relatively common is a mixed-type with wheat. It was served as main food to the guanches even before the Spanish conquest. In later times of scarcity or famine it was a staple of the popular Canarian diet. Today it is eaten as a main dish (gofio escaldado) or an accompaniment to different dishes, meats, fishes, soups, desserts. Some famous cooks have even made gofio ice cream, receiving good comments from the critics.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Confectionery">Confectionery</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=81" title="Edit section: Confectionery">edit</a>]</div> Confectionery in Tenerife is represented and strongly influenced by La Palma, with confections like bienmesabe, leche asada, Príncipe Alberto, <a href="/wiki/Frangollo" title="Frangollo">frangollo</a>, huevos moles, and quesillo.<a href="#cite_note-naturaycultura-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-islaaisla-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wines">Wines</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=82" title="Edit section: Wines">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">Viticulture</a> in the archipelago, and especially in Tenerife dates back to the conquest, when the settlers brought a variety of vines to plant. In the 16th and 17th centuries, wine production played an important role in the economy, and many families were dedicated to the culture and business. Of special mention is malvasía canary, considered the best wine of Tenerife and at the time one of the most desired wines in the world, being shipped across to the major warehouses of Europe and America.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> Writers such as <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a> make reference to the wine in some of their works.<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> Tenerife has 5 main wine growing regions. These include <a href="/wiki/Abona_(DO)" title="Abona (DO)">Abona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valle_de_G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Valle de Güímar">Valle de Güímar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valle_de_La_Orotava" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle de La Orotava">Valle de La Orotava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tacoronte-Acentejo" title="Tacoronte-Acentejo">Tacoronte-Acentejo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ycoden-Daute-Isora" title="Ycoden-Daute-Isora">Ycoden-Daute-Isora</a>.<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> This typical gastronomy is served in popular establishments known as <a href="/wiki/Guachinche" title="Guachinche">guachinches</a>, opening day is the day of San Andrés, 30 November, also known as the young wine festival Festival de Vino Joven. The wine of the new harvest is traditionally served with roasted chestnuts, maturing at the same time, and grilled sardines, thus the season normally lasts from late autumn until early spring. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tenerife_in_popular_culture">Tenerife in popular culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=83" title="Edit section: Tenerife in popular culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-In_popular_culture plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_an_indiscriminate_collection_of_information" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">irrelevant</a> references to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trivia_sections#"In_popular_culture"_and_"Cultural_references"_material" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trivia sections">popular culture</a>. Please help Wikipedia to <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit">improve this section</a> by removing the content or adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">independent sources</a>. (January 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities">Cities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=84" title="Edit section: Cities">edit</a>]</div> The city of <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> in Queensland, Australia, has a historical inner suburb named <a href="/wiki/Teneriffe,_Queensland" title="Teneriffe, Queensland">Teneriffe</a>, named by one of the first European landowners in the area, James Gibbon, because it reminded him of <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Mount Teide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> Other cities in the world whose name has its origins in the island are: <a href="/wiki/Tenerife,_Magdalena" title="Tenerife, Magdalena">Tenerife, Magdalena</a>, a town and municipality in Colombia; <a href="/wiki/San_Carlos_de_Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="San Carlos de Tenerife">San Carlos de Tenerife</a>, a city in the Dominican Republic.<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinema">Cinema</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=85" title="Edit section: Cinema">edit</a>]</div> Over the last few years,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] Tenerife has become a popular filming location, being featured in several Hollywood blockbusters.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> Some of the most important films made on the island are: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Million_Years_B.C." title="One Million Years B.C.">One Million Years B.C.</a>: British film of 1966 directed by <a href="/wiki/Don_Chaffey" title="Don Chaffey">Don Chaffey</a> and shot in Teide National Park.<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clash_of_the_Titans_(2010_film)" title="Clash of the Titans (2010 film)">Clash of the Titans</a>: American film of 2010, directed by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Leterrier" title="Louis Leterrier">Louis Leterrier</a>. It is mainly located in different locations in Tenerife, such as <a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buenavista_del_Norte" title="Buenavista del Norte">Buenavista del Norte</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ch%C3%ADo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chío (page does not exist)">Chío</a> pine forests in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%ADa_de_Isora" title="Guía de Isora">Guía de Isora</a>.<a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_Bad" title="Breaking Bad">Breaking Bad</a>: In the American television series Season 3, episode 1 <a href="/wiki/No_M%C3%A1s_(Breaking_Bad)" title="No Más (Breaking Bad)">No Más (Breaking Bad)</a> of 2010, Walter White refers to the air crash of Tenerife while speaking at the school program.<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">circular reference</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrath_of_the_Titans" title="Wrath of the Titans">Wrath of the Titans</a>: American film 2012, directed by <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Liebesman" title="Jonathan Liebesman">Jonathan Liebesman</a>. Shot largely in the Teide National Park.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898,_Our_Last_Men_in_the_Philippines" title="1898, Our Last Men in the Philippines">1898, Our Last Men in the Philippines</a>: Spanish film of 2012 directed by <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Calvo" title="Salvador Calvo">Salvador Calvo</a>, with some scenes shot in Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_%26_Furious_6" title="Fast & Furious 6">Fast & Furious 6</a>: 2013 American film directed by <a href="/wiki/Justin_Lin" title="Justin Lin">Justin Lin</a>. In the beginning of the movie, Dom along with Brian, Mia, and their son, live in Tenerife after their heist in Brazil in Fast Five. Also, the tank chase scene was filmed on part of the <a href="/wiki/Autopista_TF-1" title="Autopista TF-1">Autopista TF-1</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Bourne_(film)" title="Jason Bourne (film)">Jason Bourne</a>: American film of 2015, directed by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengrass" title="Paul Greengrass">Paul Greengrass</a> and shot in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>. For this, the city was specially set to simulate the Greek cities of <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Piraeus" title="Piraeus">Piraeus</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)" title="Plaza de España (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)">Plaza de España</a>, which is the main square in the capital of Tenerife, was decorated to represent the <a href="/wiki/Syntagma_Square" title="Syntagma Square">Syntagma Square</a>.<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambo:_Last_Blood" title="Rambo: Last Blood">Rambo: Last Blood</a>: American film of 2019, directed by <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Grunberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrian Grunberg">Adrian Grunberg</a> and with the performances of <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Stallone" title="Sylvester Stallone">Sylvester Stallone</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matt_Cirulnick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matt Cirulnick (page does not exist)">Matt Cirulnick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paz_Vega" title="Paz Vega">Paz Vega</a>, among others. It was shot in different locations on the island, such as: different neighborhoods of Santa Cruz de Tenerife and <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>, areas of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_%C3%9Arsula" title="Santa Úrsula">Santa Úrsula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arico" title="Arico">Arico</a> and the roads around the Teide National Park, among others places.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_of_Thieves_2:_Pantera" title="Den of Thieves 2: Pantera">Den of Thieves 2: Pantera</a>: American film of 2025, directed by <a href="/wiki/Christian_Gudegast" title="Christian Gudegast">Christian Gudegast</a>, was largely shot in Santa Cruz de Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_2">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=86" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> Likewise, the island has been home to several musical recordings and as a scenic setting for music videos: <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Tie_Your_Mother_Down" title="Tie Your Mother Down">Tie Your Mother Down</a>": song of the English musician <a href="/wiki/Brian_May" title="Brian May">Brian May</a>, who studied different astronomical phenomena from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iza%C3%B1a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izaña (page does not exist)">Izaña</a> in the Cañadas del Teide and wrote this song in this national park.<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Oldfield" title="Mike Oldfield">Mike Oldfield</a> included in his compilation The Complete fel of 1985, the song Mount Teide dedicated to this volcano from Tenerife.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>The music video of song "<a href="/wiki/If_I_Let_You_Go" title="If I Let You Go">If I Let You Go</a>", filmed on location in Tenerife, depicts Irish boyband <a href="/wiki/Westlife" title="Westlife">Westlife</a> walking along a beach and singing by a hillside surrounded by red and yellow flags.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>"The Island – Pt. 1 Dawn": video clip of the Australian group <a href="/wiki/Pendulum" title="Pendulum">Pendulum</a> which was recorded entirely in Teide National Park and published in 2010. In this video you can distinguish at the beginning of the video the silhouette of the Teide volcano and the characteristic landscapes of the Park During the entire filming.</li> <li>Songwriter and singer <a href="/wiki/Ed_Sheeran" title="Ed Sheeran">Ed Sheeran</a> wrote a song, "Tenerife Sea", for his <a href="/wiki/X_(Ed_Sheeran_album)" title="X (Ed Sheeran album)">second studio album</a> X, that mentions the island entitled <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_Sea" title="Tenerife Sea">Tenerife Sea</a>. The title is a reference to a line wherein Sheeran compares the color of his love interest's eyes to that of the sea surrounding the island.</li> <li>The video clip of the song "<a href="/wiki/Do_It_for_Your_Lover" title="Do It for Your Lover">Do It for Your Lover</a>", with which the Spanish singer <a href="/wiki/Manel_Navarro" title="Manel Navarro">Manel Navarro</a> <a href="/wiki/Spain_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest">represented Spain</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Eurovision Song Contest">Eurovision Song Contest 2017</a>, was recorded in different locations of Tenerife, especially in the <a href="/wiki/Macizo_de_Anaga" title="Macizo de Anaga">Macizo de Anaga</a> and in El Porís (<a href="/wiki/Arico" title="Arico">Arico</a>).<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a></li> <li>Singer <a href="/wiki/Blas_Cant%C3%B3" title="Blas Cantó">Blas Cantó</a> (representative of Spain at the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2020" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2020">Eurovision Song Contest 2020</a>) recorded in Tenerife and <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a> the video clip of the song <a href="/wiki/Universo_(song)" title="Universo (song)">"Universo"</a>, with which he represents Spain.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_games">Video games</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=87" title="Edit section: Video games">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li> <a href="/wiki/Asphalt_8:_Airborne" title="Asphalt 8: Airborne">Asphalt 8: Airborne</a> features four race tracks on Tenerife.<a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flashpoint:_Cold_War_Crisis" title="Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis">Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis</a> houses that fictional Kolgujev island, based on Tenerife.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/My_Summer_Car" title="My Summer Car">My Summer Car</a> the main character's parents go to Tenerife on vacation.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_literature">In literature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=88" title="Edit section: In literature">edit</a>]</div> Literary works featuring Tenerife include <a href="/wiki/The_Companion_(short_story)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Companion (short story)">The Companion</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Man_from_the_Sea_(short_story)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Man from the Sea (short story)">The Man from the Sea</a>, both by <a href="/wiki/Agatha_Christie" title="Agatha Christie">Agatha Christie</a>; La cueva de las mil momias by <a href="/wiki/Alberto_V%C3%A1zquez-Figueroa" title="Alberto Vázquez-Figueroa">Alberto Vazquez-Figueroa</a>; <a href="/wiki/Thieves%27_Picnic" title="Thieves' Picnic">Thieves' Picnic</a> by <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Charteris" title="Leslie Charteris">Leslie Charteris</a>; El Sarcófago de las tres llaves by Pompeyo Reina Moreno;<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> and Atentado by Mariano Gambín.<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=89" title="Edit section: International relations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Spain" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Spain">List of twin towns and sister cities in Spain</a></div> Tenerife is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Miami_Dade" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami Dade">Miami Dade</a>, United States.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic"><img alt="Dominican Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo" title="Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a>, Dominican Republic.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orotavatal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Orotavatal.jpg/220px-Orotavatal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Orotavatal.jpg/330px-Orotavatal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Orotavatal.jpg/440px-Orotavatal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="901" data-file-height="313" /></a><figcaption>Panorama of the La Orotava Valley with Teide in the background.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teide2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Teide2007.jpg/220px-Teide2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Teide2007.jpg/330px-Teide2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Teide2007.jpg/440px-Teide2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2732" data-file-height="1892" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roque_Cinchado" title="Roque Cinchado">Roque Cinchado</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=90" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/32px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/48px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/64px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spain" title="Portal:Spain">Spain portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/28px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/42px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/56px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bichon_Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="Bichon Tenerife">Bichon Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Spain" title="List of volcanoes in Spain">List of volcanoes in Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observatorio_del_Teide" class="mw-redirect" title="Observatorio del Teide">Observatorio del Teide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_free_economic_zones#Spain" title="List of free economic zones">Zona franca de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_del_Carmen_Betancourt_y_Molina" title="María del Carmen Betancourt y Molina">María del Carmen Betancourt y Molina</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=91" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <link 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Efeverde.com. 9 June 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Efeverde.com&rft.atitle=El+macizo+de+Anaga+alberga+mayor+concentraci%C3%B3n+de+endemismos+de+toda+Europa&rft.date=2015-06-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.efeverde.com%2Fnoticias%2Fel-macizo-de-anaga-alberga-mayor-concentracion-de-endemismos-de-toda-europa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversidad_de_las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="citation web cs1">Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guanchismos.ulpgc.es/item/14416">"Tenerife"</a>. 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(2004) Lonely Planet Canary Islands, "Lonely Planet". p. 59. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-74059-374-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-74059-374-X">1-74059-374-X</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Charles Knight, The English Cyclopaedia, 1866, Bradbury, Evans </li> <li id="cite_note-Abreu-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Abreu_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbreu_Galindo1977" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abreu Galindo, FR. J. (1977). Historia de la conquista de las siete islas de Canaria (in Spanish). Goya. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-400-3645-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-400-3645-2"><bdi>978-84-400-3645-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+de+la+conquista+de+las+siete+islas+de+Canaria&rft.pub=Goya&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-84-400-3645-2&rft.aulast=Abreu+Galindo&rft.aufirst=FR.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bethencourt-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Bethencourt_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBethencourt_Alfonso1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bethencourt Alfonso, Juan (1997). Historia del pueblo guanche (in Spanish). 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Joaquín Caridad Arias</a>, Dial Net </li> <li id="cite_note-gentilicio-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gentilicio_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gentilicio_24-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gentilicio_24-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=chicharrero">"Real Academia Española"</a>. rae.es. 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Retrieved 15 October 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=g&rft.pub=Nido+Language+Travel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nidolanguagetravel.com%2Fdestinations%2Ftenerife%2Fhistory-tenerife.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arco_Aguilar_1-26"><a href="#cite_ref-Arco_Aguilar_1_26-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArco_AguilarArco_AguilarArco_AguilarAtiénzar_Armas2000" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Arco Aguilar, Marcelino J. del; Arco Aguilar, María del Carmen del; Arco Aguilar, María Mercedes del; Atiénzar Armas, Emilio; González Hernández, Cecilia; Rosario Adrián, María Candelaria (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museosdetenerife.org/assets/downloads/publication-c408de300b.pdf">"El menceyato de Icod en el poblamiento de Tenerife. D. Gaspar, Las Palomas y Los Guanches. Sobre el poblamiento y las estrategias de alimentación vegetal entre los guanches"</a> [The menceyato of Icod in the settlement of Tenerife. D. Gaspar, Las Palomas and Los Guanches. On the settlement and the plant feeding strategies among the Guanches] (PDF). Eres. Arqueología/Bioantropología (in Spanish) (9). Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Museo Arqueológico de Tenerife: 67–129. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1130-6572">1130-6572</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eres.+Arqueolog%C3%ADa%2FBioantropolog%C3%ADa&rft.atitle=El+menceyato+de+Icod+en+el+poblamiento+de+Tenerife.+D.+Gaspar%2C+Las+Palomas+y+Los+Guanches.+Sobre+el+poblamiento+y+las+estrategias+de+alimentaci%C3%B3n+vegetal+entre+los+guanches&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=67-129&rft.date=2000&rft.issn=1130-6572&rft.aulast=Arco+Aguilar&rft.aufirst=Marcelino+J.+del&rft.au=Arco+Aguilar%2C+Mar%C3%ADa+del+Carmen+del&rft.au=Arco+Aguilar%2C+Mar%C3%ADa+Mercedes+del&rft.au=Ati%C3%A9nzar+Armas%2C+Emilio&rft.au=Gonz%C3%A1lez+Hern%C3%A1ndez%2C+Cecilia&rft.au=Rosario+Adri%C3%A1n%2C+Mar%C3%ADa+Candelaria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.museosdetenerife.org%2Fassets%2Fdownloads%2Fpublication-c408de300b.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gevic.net/info/contenidos/mostrar_contenidos.php?idcat=2&idcap=10&idcon=178">La población prehispánica: los guaches – Gran Enciclopedia Virtual de Canarias</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090429072039/http://www.canariasacross.com/islas/tenerife/situacion_historia.htm">"El Portal de las Islas Canarias"</a>. 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Aula de Cultura de Tenerife. pp. 155–171, 291–294, 350–354. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-500-7108-9" title="Special:BookSources/84-500-7108-9"><bdi>84-500-7108-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=VI-XIII-XV&rft.btitle=La+Conquista+de+Tenerife+%281494%E2%80%931496%29&rft.pages=155-171%2C+291-294%2C+350-354&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Aula+de+Cultura+de+Tenerife&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=84-500-7108-9&rft.aulast=Rumeu+de+Armas&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schwartz1994-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Schwartz1994_30-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEduardo_Aznar_Vallejo1994" class="citation book cs1">Eduardo Aznar Vallejo (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wtUGwJwEQ7UC&pg=PA144">"Conquests of the Canary Islands"</a>. 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Tafor. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-932758-0-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-932758-0-8"><bdi>978-84-932758-0-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Natura+y+Cultura+de+las+Islas+Canarias&rft.pub=Tafor&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-84-932758-0-8&rft.aulast=Hern%C3%A1ndez&rft.aufirst=Pedro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-canariascnnews.com-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-canariascnnews.com_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-canariascnnews.com_35-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180707091632/http://www.canariascnnews.com/index.php/mirador/canarias/item/1721-el-comercio-canario-americano-en-el-siglo-xviii-i-parte">"El comercio canario-americano en el siglo XVIII (I parte)"</a>. canariascnnews.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canariascnnews.com/index.php/mirador/canarias/item/1721-el-comercio-canario-americano-en-el-siglo-xviii-i-parte">the original</a> on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=canariascnnews.com&rft.atitle=El+comercio+canario-americano+en+el+siglo+XVIII+%28I+parte%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canariascnnews.com%2Findex.php%2Fmirador%2Fcanarias%2Fitem%2F1721-el-comercio-canario-americano-en-el-siglo-xviii-i-parte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DocsAmaro-36"><a href="#cite_ref-DocsAmaro_36-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Paz_SánchezGarcía_Pulido2015" class="citation book cs1">De Paz Sánchez, Manuel; García Pulido, Daniel (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291148031">El corsario de Dios. Documentos sobre Amaro Rodríguez Felipe (1678–1747)</a>. Documentos para la Historia de Canarias. Francisco Javier Macías Martín (ed.). Canarias: Archivo Histórico Provincial de Santa Cruz de Tenerife. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-7947-637-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-7947-637-3"><bdi>978-84-7947-637-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved 8 June 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+corsario+de+Dios.+Documentos+sobre+Amaro+Rodr%C3%ADguez+Felipe+%281678%E2%80%931747%29&rft.place=Canarias&rft.series=Documentos+para+la+Historia+de+Canarias&rft.pub=Archivo+Hist%C3%B3rico+Provincial+de+Santa+Cruz+de+Tenerife&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-84-7947-637-3&rft.aulast=De+Paz+S%C3%A1nchez&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rft.au=Garc%C3%ADa+Pulido%2C+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F291148031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-emigracion-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-emigracion_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-emigracion_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-emigracion_37-2">c</a> (in Spanish) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/educacion/culturacanaria/emigracion/La_emigracion_canaria.htm">"Emigration to the Americas throughout history"</a>, Gobierno de Canarias </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaum2024" class="citation book cs1">Daum, Andreas W. 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Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=webtenerife.com&rft.atitle=Turismo+Tenerife%3A+Alojamiento%2C+Carnaval%2C+Actividades...+%E2%80%93+Tenerife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webtenerife.com%2FPortalTenerife%2FZonas%2FSanta%2520Cruz%2520Laguna%2FMas%2520sobre%2520Tenerife%2FGeografia%2FClimatologia%2FContraste%2520norte-sur.htm%3FLang%3Des%26sig%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biogeografia.net/geobotanica73a.html">"Bosques de gimnospermas de Canarias"</a>. Bio Geografía. biogeografia.net. 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Tenerife Norte Aeropuerto"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Standard+Climate+Values.+Tenerife+Norte+Aeropuerto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aemet.es%2Fen%2Fserviciosclimaticos%2Fdatosclimatologicos%2Fvaloresclimatologicos%3Fl%3DC447A%26k%3Dcoo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos?w=0&k=coo&l=C447A&datos=det">"Valores Climatológicos Extremos. 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Editorial interinsular canaria. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-86733-09-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-86733-09-4"><bdi>978-84-86733-09-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atlas+interinsular+de+Canarias&rft.pub=Editorial+interinsular+canaria&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-84-86733-09-4&rft.au=Garc%C3%ADa+Rodr%C3%ADguez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-extension-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-extension_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-extension_75-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-extension_75-2">c</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100323155813/http://www2.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fterritorio_ambiente%2Farea_01_frame.html">"Estadísticas de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias"</a>. 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Retrieved 3 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estad%C3%ADsticas+de+la+Comunidad+Aut%C3%B3noma+de+Canarias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.gobiernodecanarias.org%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fphp%2FsaltarA.php%3Fmid%3D%252Fistac%252Festadisticas%252Fterritorio_ambiente%252Farea_01_frame.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100323155813/http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fterritorio_ambiente%2Farea_01_frame.html">"Estadísticas de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias"</a>. 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Retrieved 22 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gevic.net&rft.atitle=Origen+y+formaci%C3%B3n+%E2%80%93+TENERIFE+%E2%80%93+%28GEVIC%29+Gran+Enciclopedia+Virtual+Islas+Canarias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gevic.net%2Finfo%2Fcontenidos%2Fmostrar_contenidos.php%3Fidcat%3D36%26idcap%3D58%26idcon%3D330&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elsevier.com/books/the-geology-of-the-canary-islands/troll/978-0-12-809663-5">"The Geology of the Canary Islands – 1st Edition"</a>. elsevier.com. Retrieved 28 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elsevier.com&rft.atitle=The+Geology+of+the+Canary+Islands+%E2%80%93+1st+Edition&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elsevier.com%2Fbooks%2Fthe-geology-of-the-canary-islands%2Ftroll%2F978-0-12-809663-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071109002153/http://www.puntoinfo.idecnet.com/index.php?sectionID=2&lang=1&s=1&ID=160">"Información del Cabildo de Tenerife"</a>. idecnet.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.puntoinfo.idecnet.com/index.php?sectionID=2&lang=1&s=1&ID=160">the original</a> on 9 November 2007. 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Encyclopedia of Geology. pp. 674–699. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8">10.1016/B978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780081029091" title="Special:BookSources/9780081029091"><bdi>9780081029091</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:226588940">226588940</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=North-East+Atlantic+Islands%3A+The+Macaronesian+Archipelagos&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Geology&rft.pages=674-699&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A226588940%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8&rft.isbn=9780081029091&rft.aulast=Carracedo&rft.aufirst=Juan+Carlos&rft.au=Troll%2C+Valentin+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB9780081029084000278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csic.es/estudios_geol/archivo/vol5914/EGv59p015029dncwio.pdf">"Estudio geológico sobre el Teide del CSIC"</a> (PDF). csic.es. 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Retrieved 15 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dos+ciudades%2C+una+Isla+y+un+mill%C3%B3n+de+opciones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webtenerife.com%2FNR%2Frdonlyres%2FCF59C0DB-7872-42B4-9206-D61390728073%2F5750%2FSantaCruzyLaLagunadosciudadesyunmill%25C3%25B3ndeopciones.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webtenerife.com/PortalTenerife/Home/Disfruta%20sin%20perderte%20nada/Informacion%20practica/Antes%20de%20viajar/Zonas%20turisticas/SANTA%20CRUZ-LA%20LAGUNA.htm">"Turismo Tenerife: Alojamiento, Carnaval, Actividades... – Tenerife"</a>. webtenerife.com. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mitma.gob.es/recursos_mfom/comodin/recursos/listado_2019.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 5 October 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ficha+detallada+con+las+GAU+de+Espa%C3%B1a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mitma.gob.es%2Frecursos_mfom%2Fcomodin%2Frecursos%2Flistado_2019.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diariodeavisos.elespanol.com/2017/07/un-millon-de-habitantes/">Un millón de habitantes</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eldia.es/tenerife/2010-01-18/5-Tenerife-isla-extranjeros-empadronados.htm">Tenerife, la isla con más extranjeros empadronados</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canarias7.es/sociedad/el-11-83-de-los-empadronados-en-canarias-son-extranjeros-IK4518785">El 11,83 % de los empadronados en Canarias son extranjeros</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.garciabarba.com/islasterritorio/tenerife-isla-ciudad/">Tenerife, isla ciudad</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/sociedad/2019/05/20/actualidad/1558351241_121815.html">El caos circulatorio en Tenerife atrapa a 200.000 personas al día</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101113143515/http://www2.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fpoblacion%2Farea_02_frame.html">"Evolución histórica de la población de Tenerife (ISTAC)"</a>. gobiernodecanarias.org. 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Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=museosdetenerife.org&rft.atitle=Museos+de+Tenerife+%E2%80%93+Museos+de+Tenerife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.museosdetenerife.org%2Findex.php%3Fal_id_mus%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081016044535/http://www.museosdelvino.es/listaSocios.htm">"Socios de la Asociación de Museos del Vino de España"</a>. museosdelvino.es. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museosdelvino.es/listaSocios.htm">the original</a> on 16 October 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=museosdelvino.es&rft.atitle=Socios+de+la+Asociaci%C3%B3n+de+Museos+del+Vino+de+Espa%C3%B1a&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.museosdelvino.es%2FlistaSocios.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080915183811/http://www.casadelamiel.org/miel.html">"Página de la Casa de la Miel de Tenerife"</a>. casadelamiel.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.casadelamiel.org/miel.html">the original</a> on 15 September 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=casadelamiel.org&rft.atitle=P%C3%A1gina+de+la+Casa+de+la+Miel+de+Tenerife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.casadelamiel.org%2Fmiel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080128160126/http://es.geocities.com/cdiaea/museo/">"Museo de Artesanía Iberoamericana"</a>. 28 January 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://es.geocities.com/cdiaea/museo/">the original</a> on 28 January 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museo+de+Artesan%C3%ADa+Iberoamericana&rft.date=2008-01-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fes.geocities.com%2Fcdiaea%2Fmuseo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111223949/http://www.arqueopc.museum/nuevo/pagina.asp?id=3">"Fondo museográfico del espacio"</a>. arqueopc.museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arqueopc.museum/nuevo/pagina.asp?id=3">the original</a> on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=arqueopc.museum&rft.atitle=Fondo+museogr%C3%A1fico+del+espacio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arqueopc.museum%2Fnuevo%2Fpagina.asp%3Fid%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080926115831/http://www.ejercito.mde.es/ihycm/chycm/index.html">"Official site of the Centro de Historia y Cultura Militar de Canarias"</a>. mde.es. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejercito.mde.es/ihycm/chycm/index.html">the original</a> on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mde.es&rft.atitle=Official+site+of+the+Centro+de+Historia+y+Cultura+Militar+de+Canarias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejercito.mde.es%2Fihycm%2Fchycm%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> "Tenerife's main bus service, TITSA, is efficient and covers the island well. Most of the vehicles are new, air conditioned, clean and painted white and green." Barrett, Pam (2000) Insight Guide Tenerife and Western Canary Islands (4th ed.) Insight Guides, APA Publications, Singapore, p. 280, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58573-060-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-58573-060-2">1-58573-060-2</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europapress.es/islas-canarias/noticia-bono-residente-canario-viajar-manera-ilimitada-guagua-tranvia-tenerife-47-euros-mes-20180919132656.html">"Bono Residente Canario: viajar de manera ilimitada en guagua y tranvía en Tenerife por 47 euros al mes"</a>. Europa Press. 19 September 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bono+Residente+Canario%3A+viajar+de+manera+ilimitada+en+guagua+y+tranv%C3%ADa+en+Tenerife+por+47+euros+al+mes&rft.pub=Europa+Press&rft.date=2018-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europapress.es%2Fislas-canarias%2Fnoticia-bono-residente-canario-viajar-manera-ilimitada-guagua-tranvia-tenerife-47-euros-mes-20180919132656.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120517074950/http://www.aena-aeropuertos.es/csee/Satellite/Aeropuerto-Tenerife-Norte/en/Page/1237553552391/">"Car Rental Companies in Tenerife North Airport"</a>. aena-aeropuertos.es. 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Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gobiernodecanarias.org&rft.atitle=Informaci%C3%B3n+de+las+Jornadas+de+comercializaci%C3%B3n+y+marketing+vitivin%C3%ADcola+desarrolladas+por+HECANSA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gobiernodecanarias.org%2Fagricultura%2Ficca%2Fjornadas%2Fcomercializacion%2Fjuanmiguel.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071109082301/http://www.puntoinfo.idecnet.com/index.php?sectionID=8&lang=1&s=1&ID=3167">"Información del Cabildo de Tenerife en relación con los vinos de Tenerife"</a>. idecnet.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.puntoinfo.idecnet.com/index.php?sectionID=8&lang=1&s=1&ID=3167">the original</a> on 9 November 2007. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=idecnet.com&rft.atitle=Informaci%C3%B3n+del+Cabildo+de+Tenerife+en+relaci%C3%B3n+con+los+vinos+de+Tenerife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.puntoinfo.idecnet.com%2Findex.php%3FsectionID%3D8%26lang%3D1%26s%3D1%26ID%3D3167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110802203655/http://www.cabtfe.es/Casa-vino/inicio.htm">"Denominaciones de origen (Casa del vino-La Baranda)"</a>. cabtfe.es. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cabtfe.es/casa-vino/inicio.htm#">the original</a> on 2 August 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cabtfe.es&rft.atitle=Denominaciones+de+origen+%28Casa+del+vino-La+Baranda%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cabtfe.es%2Fcasa-vino%2Finicio.htm%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBridgstock2009" class="citation book cs1">Bridgstock, Vicki (2009). Tides of Teneriffe. New Farm, Queensland: New Farm & Districts Historical Society. pp. 4–20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9805868-1-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9805868-1-7"><bdi>978-0-9805868-1-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tides+of+Teneriffe&rft.place=New+Farm%2C+Queensland&rft.pages=4-20&rft.pub=New+Farm+%26+Districts+Historical+Society&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-9805868-1-7&rft.aulast=Bridgstock&rft.aufirst=Vicki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thedominicans.org/tag/san-carlos-de-tenerife/">"San Carlos de Tenerife"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=San+Carlos+de+Tenerife&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthedominicans.org%2Ftag%2Fsan-carlos-de-tenerife%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinion.es/cultura/2017/06/16/canarias-tierra-prometida-hollywood/785312.html">"Canarias, la tierra prometida de Hollywood"</a>. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canarias%2C+la+tierra+prometida+de+Hollywood&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laopinion.es%2Fcultura%2F2017%2F06%2F16%2Fcanarias-tierra-prometida-hollywood%2F785312.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0060782/locations">"One Million Years B.C. (1966)"</a>. IMDb. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=One+Million+Years+B.C.+%281966%29&rft.pub=IMDb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0060782%2Flocations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europapress.es/islas-canarias/noticia-tenerife-acoge-estreno-furia-titanes-20100329171133.html">"Tenerife acoge el estreno de 'Furia de Titanes'"</a>. Retrieved 2 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tenerife+acoge+el+estreno+de+%27Furia+de+Titanes%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europapress.es%2Fislas-canarias%2Fnoticia-tenerife-acoge-estreno-furia-titanes-20100329171133.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <a href="/wiki/No_M%C3%A1s_(Breaking_Bad)" title="No Más (Breaking Bad)">No Más (Breaking Bad)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201041254/https://www.guiarepsol.com/es/turismo/destinos/vuelta-al-mundo-por-espana/tenerife/ruta-furia-de-titanes/">"Ruta Furia de Titanes"</a>. Guía Repsol. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guiarepsol.com/es/turismo/destinos/vuelta-al-mundo-por-espana/tenerife/ruta-furia-de-titanes/">the original</a> on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gu%C3%ADa+Repsol&rft.atitle=Ruta+Furia+de+Titanes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guiarepsol.com%2Fes%2Fturismo%2Fdestinos%2Fvuelta-al-mundo-por-espana%2Ftenerife%2Fruta-furia-de-titanes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenerife" class="citation web cs1">Tenerife, La Opinión de. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042410/http://ocio.laopinion.es/cine/noticias/nws-529327-los-ultimos-filipinas-rodada-tenerife-gran-canaria-estrena-trailer.html">"'Los últimos de Filipinas', rodada en Tenerife y Gran Canaria, estrena tráiler"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocio.laopinion.es/cine/noticias/nws-529327-los-ultimos-filipinas-rodada-tenerife-gran-canaria-estrena-trailer.html">the original</a> on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Los+%C3%BAltimos+de+Filipinas%27%2C+rodada+en+Tenerife+y+Gran+Canaria%2C+estrena+tr%C3%A1iler&rft.aulast=Tenerife&rft.aufirst=La+Opini%C3%B3n+de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Focio.laopinion.es%2Fcine%2Fnoticias%2Fnws-529327-los-ultimos-filipinas-rodada-tenerife-gran-canaria-estrena-trailer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF20Minutos2015" class="citation web cs1">20Minutos (8 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/2551344/0/rodaje-bourne-5/matt-damon/santa-cruz-tenerife-atenas/">"El rodaje de 'Bourne 5' convierte a la ciudad de Santa Cruz de Tenerife en Atenas"</a>. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+rodaje+de+%27Bourne+5%27+convierte+a+la+ciudad+de+Santa+Cruz+de+Tenerife+en+Atenas&rft.date=2015-09-08&rft.au=20Minutos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.20minutos.es%2Fnoticia%2F2551344%2F0%2Frodaje-bourne-5%2Fmatt-damon%2Fsanta-cruz-tenerife-atenas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europapress.es/islas-canarias/noticia-rambo-dejara-tenerife-mas-ocho-millones-euros-20181113140555.html">'Rambo V' dejará en Tenerife más de ocho millones de euros</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlanticohoy.com/cultura/trailer-pelicula-hollywood-juego-de-ladrones-tenerife-gerard-butler_1536591_102.html">Sale el tráiler de la película Hollywood que Tenerife esperaba: Santa Cruz, protagonista</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenerife" class="citation web cs1">Tenerife, La Opinión de. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinion.es/cultura/2011/03/30/guitarrista-brian-may-estaran-starmus/337066.html">"El guitarrista Brian May estará en ´Starmus´ – La Opinión de Tenerife"</a>. laopinion.es. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=laopinion.es&rft.atitle=El+guitarrista+Brian+May+estar%C3%A1+en+%C2%B4Starmus%C2%B4+%E2%80%93+La+Opini%C3%B3n+de+Tenerife&rft.aulast=Tenerife&rft.aufirst=La+Opini%C3%B3n+de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laopinion.es%2Fcultura%2F2011%2F03%2F30%2Fguitarrista-brian-may-estaran-starmus%2F337066.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinion.es/cultura/2017/03/09/tenerife-estara-eurovision/756229.html">Tenerife estará en Eurovisión</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rtve.es/rtve/20170222/manel-navarro-graba-tenerife-videoclip-do-it-for-your-lover/1493781.shtml">Manel Navarro graba en Tenerife el videoclip de 'Do it for your lover'</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canarias7.es/multimedia/videos/primeras-imagenes-del-universo-de-blas-canto-CC8589884">Primeras imágenes del ‘Universo’ de Blas Cantó</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180826113539/http://www.tusitiowindowsphone.es/2015/06/asphalt-8-airborne-anade-la-ubicacion.html">"Asphalt 8: Airborne añade la ubicación de Tenerife y más"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tusitiowindowsphone.es/2015/06/asphalt-8-airborne-anade-la-ubicacion.html">the original</a> on 26 August 2018. Retrieved 26 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Asphalt+8%3A+Airborne+a%C3%B1ade+la+ubicaci%C3%B3n+de+Tenerife+y+m%C3%A1s&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tusitiowindowsphone.es%2F2015%2F06%2Fasphalt-8-airborne-anade-la-ubicacion.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinion.es/cultura/2016/02/12/doce-libros-ambientados-canarias/655706.html">"Doce libros ambientados en Canarias"</a>. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Doce+libros+ambientados+en+Canarias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laopinion.es%2Fcultura%2F2016%2F02%2F12%2Fdoce-libros-ambientados-canarias%2F655706.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinion.es/tenerife/2015/11/21/atentado-templo-masonico/640791.html">"'Atentado' en el Templo Masónico"</a>. Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Atentado%27+en+el+Templo+Mas%C3%B3nico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laopinion.es%2Ftenerife%2F2015%2F11%2F21%2Fatentado-templo-masonico%2F640791.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europapress.es/economia/noticia-ocupacion-primer-mes-vuelo-tenerife-miami-air-europa-alcanza-ya-70-ciento-20090525142415.html">"La ocupación para el primer mes del vuelo Tenerife-Miami de Air Europa alcanza ya el 70 por ciento"</a>. Europa Press. 25 May 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+ocupaci%C3%B3n+para+el+primer+mes+del+vuelo+Tenerife-Miami+de+Air+Europa+alcanza+ya+el+70+por+ciento&rft.pub=Europa+Press&rft.date=2009-05-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europapress.es%2Feconomia%2Fnoticia-ocupacion-primer-mes-vuelo-tenerife-miami-air-europa-alcanza-ya-70-ciento-20090525142415.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diariodeavisos.com/2013/03/acto-hermanamiento-entre-tenerife-santo-domingo-en-octubre/">"El acto de hermanamiento entre Tenerife y Santo Domingo, en octubre"</a>. diariodeavisos.com. Retrieved 18 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=diariodeavisos.com&rft.atitle=El+acto+de+hermanamiento+entre+Tenerife+y+Santo+Domingo%2C+en+octubre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.diariodeavisos.com%2F2013%2F03%2Facto-hermanamiento-entre-tenerife-santo-domingo-en-octubre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenerife&action=edit&section=92" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> has media related to: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tenerife" class="extiw" title="commons:Tenerife">Tenerife</a> (<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tenerife" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tenerife">category</a>)</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Tenerife#Q40846" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Tenerife">Tenerife</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cabtfe.es/">Island Government of Tenerife</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_the_Canary_Islands" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of the Canary Islands">Wikimedia Atlas of the Canary Islands</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=383030">"Tenerife"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Global_Volcanism_Program" title="Global Volcanism Program">Global Volcanism Program</a>. <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>. Retrieved 26 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Volcanism+Program&rft.atitle=Tenerife&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvolcano.si.edu%2Fvolcano.cfm%3Fvn%3D383030&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATenerife" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_of_Tenerife" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_in_Tenerife" title="Template:Municipalities in Tenerife"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_in_Tenerife" title="Template talk:Municipalities in Tenerife"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_in_Tenerife" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities in Tenerife"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_Tenerife" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenerife</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adeje" title="Adeje">Adeje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arafo" title="Arafo">Arafo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arico" title="Arico">Arico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arona,_Tenerife" title="Arona, Tenerife">Arona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenavista_del_Norte" title="Buenavista del Norte">Buenavista del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Candelaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasnia" title="Fasnia">Fasnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garachico" title="Garachico">Garachico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granadilla_de_Abona" title="Granadilla de Abona">Granadilla de Abona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Guancha,_Tenerife" title="La Guancha, Tenerife">La Guancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%ADa_de_Isora" title="Guía de Isora">Guía de Isora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Güímar">Güímar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icod_de_los_Vinos" title="Icod de los Vinos">Icod de los Vinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Matanza_de_Acentejo" title="La Matanza de Acentejo">La Matanza de Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Orotava" title="La Orotava">La Orotava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Puerto de la Cruz">Puerto de la Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Realejos" title="Los Realejos">Los Realejos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Rosario,_Tenerife" title="El Rosario, Tenerife">El Rosario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_de_la_Rambla,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="San Juan de la Rambla, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">San Juan de la Rambla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_de_Abona" title="San Miguel de Abona">San Miguel de Abona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_%C3%9Arsula" title="Santa Úrsula">Santa Úrsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_del_Teide" title="Santiago del Teide">Santiago del Teide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Sauzal" title="El Sauzal">El Sauzal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Silos" title="Los Silos">Los Silos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacoronte" title="Tacoronte">Tacoronte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Tanque" title="El Tanque">El Tanque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegueste,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" class="mw-redirect" title="Tegueste, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Tegueste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Victoria_de_Acentejo" title="La Victoria de Acentejo">La Victoria de Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilaflor,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Vilaflor, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Vilaflor</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Tenerife"><img alt="Flag of Tenerife" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/50px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/75px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/100px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Template:Islands and provinces of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Template talk:Islands and provinces of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islands and provinces of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Islands and provinces of the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tenerife</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Canarias.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat-of-arms of the Canary Islands"><img alt="Coat-of-arms of the Canary Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/68px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="68" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/102px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/136px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="1060" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinijo_Archipelago" title="Chinijo Archipelago">Chinijo Archipelago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alegranza" title="Alegranza">Alegranza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graciosa,_Canary_Islands" title="Graciosa, Canary Islands">Graciosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Clara" title="Montaña Clara">Montaña Clara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Este" title="Roque del Este">Roque del Este</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Oeste" title="Roque del Oeste">Roque del Oeste</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobos_Island" title="Lobos Island">Lobos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="Province of Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template talk:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Outlying territories of European countries</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Territories under European <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> but closer to or on continents other than Europe (see <a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries#Inclusion_criteria" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries">inclusion criteria</a> for further information).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Denmark</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipperton_Island" title="Clipperton Island">Clipperton Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crozet_Islands" title="Crozet Islands">Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul_and_Amsterdam_Islands" title="Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands">Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam"> Amsterdam Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Saint-Paul" title="Île Saint-Paul"> Saint Paul Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassas_da_India" title="Bassas da India">Bassas da India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Island" title="Europa Island">Europa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorioso_Islands" title="Glorioso Islands">Glorioso Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banc_du_Geyser" title="Banc du Geyser"> Geyser Shoal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Nova_Island" title="Juan de Nova Island">Juan de Nova Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromelin_Island" title="Tromelin Island">Tromelin Island</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Netherlands" title="Caribbean Netherlands">Caribbean Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Norway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouvet_Island" title="Bouvet Island">Bouvet Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I_Island" title="Peter I Island">Peter I Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Maud_Land" title="Queen Maud Land">Queen Maud Land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_Soberan%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Plazas de Soberanía">Plazas de Soberanía</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alboran_Island" title="Alboran Island">Alboran Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_Islands" title="Alhucemas Islands">Alhucemas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chafarinas_Islands" title="Chafarinas Islands">Chafarinas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velez_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Velez Islands">Velez Islands</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkp8XDrrY3K3kxJwmRFrq">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4059453-1">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81097178">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865639t">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865639t">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge131056&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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