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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Succession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_deputy_prime_ministers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_deputy_prime_ministers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of deputy prime ministers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_deputy_prime_ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acting_prime_minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acting_prime_minister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Acting prime minister</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acting_prime_minister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senior_Minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senior_Minister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Senior Minister</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senior_Minister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian cabinet portfolio</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Deputy Prime Minister of Canada</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: normal;"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Vice-première ministre du Canada</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1677" data-file-height="2237" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a><br /></div>since November 20, 2019</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada#Executive_power" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_Office_(Canada)" title="Privy Council Office (Canada)">Privy Council Office</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of Canada">Privy Council</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reports to</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Monarch</a> (represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">governor general</a>)<br />on the <a href="/wiki/Advice_(constitutional)" class="mw-redirect" title="Advice (constitutional)">advice</a> of the prime minister</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">Term length</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/At_His_Majesty%27s_pleasure" title="At His Majesty's pleasure">At His Majesty's pleasure</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inaugural holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Allan_MacEachen" title="Allan MacEachen">Allan MacEachen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">September 16, 1977</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CA$</a>299,900</span> (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>NB 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-salary_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-salary-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://deputypm.canada.ca">deputypm<wbr />.canada<wbr />.ca</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Canada" title="Politics of Canada">Politics of Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canadian_Royal_Crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Canadian_Royal_Crown.svg/110px-Canadian_Royal_Crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Canadian_Royal_Crown.svg/165px-Canadian_Royal_Crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Canadian_Royal_Crown.svg/220px-Canadian_Royal_Crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="273" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="text-align: left"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Canadian_federal_government" title="Structure of the Canadian federal government">structure</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">The Crown</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Monarch</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs" title="List of Canadian monarchs">list</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">Governor General</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_general_of_Canada" title="List of governors general of Canada">list</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Simon" title="Mary Simon">Mary Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_the_Canadian_provinces" title="Monarchy in the Canadian provinces">Monarchy in the provinces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor (Canada)">Lieutenant governors</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_prerogative#Canada" title="Royal prerogative">Royal prerogative</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">King’s Privy Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime minister</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Canada" title="List of prime ministers of Canada">List of prime ministers</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_ministries" title="List of Canadian ministries">List of Canadian ministries</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/29th_Canadian_Ministry" title="29th Canadian Ministry">29th Canadian Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="President of the King's Privy Council for Canada">President of the Privy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Privy_Council_(Canada)" title="Clerk of the Privy Council (Canada)">Clerk of the Privy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_Office_(Canada)" title="Privy Council Office (Canada)">Privy Council Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Service_of_Canada" title="Public Service of Canada">Public Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_(Canada)" title="Executive Council (Canada)">Provincial and territorial executive councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_(Canada)" title="Premier (Canada)">Premiers</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislative</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Federal parliament</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_federal_parliaments" title="List of Canadian federal parliaments">List of parliaments</a>)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Senate_of_Canada" title="Speaker of the Senate of Canada">Speaker of the Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Representative_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate" title="Representative of the Government in the Senate">Government Leader in the Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_in_the_Senate_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Canada)">Opposition Leader in the Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Senate_divisions" title="Canadian Senate divisions">Senate divisions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(Canada)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (Canada)">Speaker of the house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_House_of_Commons_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the House of Commons (Canada)">Government Leader in the house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_House_Leader" title="Opposition House Leader">Opposition Leader in the house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Official Opposition (Canada)">His Majesty's Loyal Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_Shadow_Cabinet_(Canada)" title="Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (Canada)">Shadow cabinet</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_assemblies_of_Canadian_provinces_and_territories" title="Legislative assemblies of Canadian provinces and territories">Provincial and territorial parliaments</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Court_system_of_Canada" title="Court system of Canada">Judicial</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme court</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of Canada">List of justices</a>)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Canada" title="Chief Justice of Canada">Chief Justice of Canada</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner_(judge)" title="Richard Wagner (judge)">Richard Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_system_of_Canada#Courts_of_the_provinces_and_territories" title="Court system of Canada">Courts of the Provinces and Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_system_of_Canada#Federal_courts" title="Court system of Canada">Federal courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_system_of_Canada#Military_courts" title="Court system of Canada">Military courts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Canada" title="Constitution of Canada">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_North_America_Acts" title="British North America Acts">Constitution Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace,_order,_and_good_government" title="Peace, order, and good government">Peace, order, and good government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Charter of Rights and Freedoms</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Canada" title="Elections in Canada">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_federal_electoral_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Canadian federal electoral districts">Federal electoral districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_electoral_system" title="Canadian electoral system">Federal electoral system</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_federal_general_elections" title="List of Canadian federal general elections">List of federal elections</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_provincial_electoral_districts" title="Canadian provincial electoral districts">Provincial electoral districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Canadian_provinces" title="Template:Politics of Canadian provinces">Politics of the provinces</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Canada" title="Local government in Canada">Local government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_government_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal government in Canada">Municipal government</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Canada" title="Foreign relations of Canada">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Affairs_Canada" title="Global Affairs Canada">Global Affairs Canada</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lanie_Joly" title="Mélanie Joly">Mélanie Joly</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Canada" title="List of diplomatic missions of Canada">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Canada" title="List of diplomatic missions in Canada">in Canada</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_nationality_law" title="Canadian nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_passport" title="Canadian passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Canadian_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Canadian citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Canada" title="Visa policy of Canada">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Latin_America_relations" title="Canada–Latin America relations">Canada–Latin America relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Canada–European Union relations">Canada–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Canadian_annexation_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Proposed Canadian annexation of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Proposed annexation of Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Crown_and_Indigenous_peoples_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="The Canadian Crown and Indigenous peoples of Canada">Crown and Indigenous peoples</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_law" title="Canadian Aboriginal law">Canadian Aboriginal law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_self-government_in_Canada" title="Indigenous self-government in Canada">Aboriginal self-government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Band_government" title="Band government">First Nations bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indigenous_law" title="Canadian Indigenous law">Indigenous law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Peoples_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Peoples in Canada">Indigenous Peoples in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis" title="Métis">Métis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_Nunangat" title="Inuit Nunangat">Inuit Nunangat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_Canada" title="Conservatism in Canada">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_constitutional_law" title="Canadian constitutional law">Constitutional law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_federalism" title="Canadian federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Canada" title="Liberalism in Canada">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office-holders_of_Canada" title="Office-holders of Canada">Office-holders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_culture_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Political culture of Canada">Political culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Provinces and territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Canada" title="List of regions of Canada">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Canada" title="Republicanism in Canada">Republicanism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/14px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/21px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/28px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></li><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Canada" title="Template:Politics of Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Canada" title="Template talk:Politics of Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>deputy prime minister of Canada</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">vice-première ministre du Canada</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>NB 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Crown" title="Minister of the Crown">minister of the Crown</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Canadian Cabinet</a>. The office is conferred at the discretion of the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">prime minister</a> and does not have an associated departmental portfolio. Canadian deputy prime ministers are appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Privy Council for Canada">Privy Council</a> and styled as <a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">the Honourable</a> (French: <i lang="fr">l'honorable</i>), a privilege maintained for life. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a> is the tenth and current deputy prime minister of <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, having assumed the role on November 20, 2019. She serves concurrently as the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">minister of finance</a>, and was the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)">minister of foreign affairs</a> before Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> elevated her to the position of deputy prime minister following the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 federal election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The post was vacant from 2006 to 2019. </p><p>The deputy prime minister should not be confused with the position of the <a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Privy_Council_(Canada)" title="Clerk of the Privy Council (Canada)">clerk of the Privy Council</a>, who is effectively the <a href="/wiki/Deputy_minister_(Canada)" title="Deputy minister (Canada)">deputy minister</a> (the senior civil servant in a department) of the prime minister's department (which is the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_Office_(Canada)" title="Privy Council Office (Canada)">Privy Council Office</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The position of deputy prime minister was created by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> in 1977, largely to recognize the long years of service of <a href="/wiki/Allan_J._MacEachen" class="mw-redirect" title="Allan J. MacEachen">Allan MacEachen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before then, Trudeau had given the title of <i>senior minister</i> to a member of his cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last to occupy that position was <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hellyer" title="Paul Hellyer">Paul Hellyer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Joe Clark</a>'s government did not have a deputy prime minister. Similarly, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a> did not designate a deputy prime minister,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nor did Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> until the appointment of <a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a> in his second mandate.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to Freeland's appointment, Canada's most recent deputy prime minister was <a href="/wiki/Anne_McLellan" title="Anne McLellan">Anne McLellan</a>, who in 2006, was also the first deputy prime minister to lose her seat in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a>. </p><p>Harper gave special status in the line of authority to members of his cabinet: under an <a href="/wiki/Order-in-council" class="mw-redirect" title="Order-in-council">Order in Council</a> issued on February 6, 2006—the day Harper was appointed prime minister—when "the prime minister is unable to perform the functions of his office", <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Cannon" title="Lawrence Cannon">Lawrence Cannon</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Jim_Prentice" title="Jim Prentice">Jim Prentice</a>, then the balance of the Cabinet by <a href="/wiki/Canadian_order_of_precedence" title="Canadian order of precedence">order of precedence</a>, were "authorized to act for the prime minister".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This order was followed by a number of others updating the list; in each case, the status as the top person on that list was accorded to the vice-chair of the cabinet's <a href="/wiki/Priorities_and_Planning_Committee" title="Priorities and Planning Committee">Priorities and Planning Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-akin_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-akin-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previous prime ministers have had similar orders-in-council, under which the deputy prime minister and then the balance of the Cabinet, in order of precedence, have been authorized to act for the prime minister. Media analysts generally credited the top person on these lists as being the <i>de facto</i> deputy prime minister,<sup id="cite_ref-akin_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-akin-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the title was never conferred. These "order of precedence" lists have no status as a formal <a href="/wiki/Line_of_succession" class="mw-redirect" title="Line of succession">line of succession</a>, however, and would carry no special weight in determining who would take over as the new prime minister if an incumbent died in office or was forced to suddenly resign in advance of a leadership convention. </p><p>Cannon seconded the <i><a href="/wiki/Pro_forma" title="Pro forma">pro forma</a></i> bill to start the first session of the <a href="/wiki/39th_Canadian_Parliament" title="39th Canadian Parliament">39th Canadian Parliament</a>; the bill is introduced before the House takes the <a href="/wiki/Speech_from_the_Throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech from the Throne">Speech from the Throne</a> under consideration to maintain the right of the House to consider matters other than those directed to it by the crown. Traditionally, either the deputy prime minister or <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_House_of_Commons_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the House of Commons (Canada)">government house leader</a> seconds this bill.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, no deputy prime minister was named in the first cabinet of incumbent prime minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Goodale" title="Ralph Goodale">Ralph Goodale</a> was deputy leader of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party</a> and had been ranked first in the "order of precedence" in the cabinet, and an order in council designated him as first in line to assume the prime minister's duties in the event Trudeau ever became incapacitated.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, media analysts focused on <a href="/wiki/Dominic_Leblanc" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominic Leblanc">Dominic Leblanc</a>, who despite having been lower in the official order of precedence served on numerous cabinet committees and as the government's liaison with the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a>, as being the "de facto deputy prime minister".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 federal election</a>, which saw the Liberals returned to power in a <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a> but being shut out of the western provinces of <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a>, Goodale was defeated in the Saskatchewan riding of <a href="/wiki/Regina%E2%80%94Wascana" title="Regina—Wascana">Regina—Wascana</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Leblanc was reelected in his <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> riding of <a href="/wiki/Beaus%C3%A9jour_(electoral_district)" title="Beauséjour (electoral district)">Beauséjour</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but on medical leave due to recovery from cancer treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Liberals were pressed to respond to concerns about lack of representation in cabinet from the prairie provinces potentially driving sentiments of <a href="/wiki/Western_alienation" title="Western alienation">western alienation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 20, 2019, Trudeau appointed <a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a>, who represents the Toronto riding of <a href="/wiki/University%E2%80%94Rosedale_(federal_electoral_district)" title="University—Rosedale (federal electoral district)">University—Rosedale</a> in Parliament but was born in <a href="/wiki/Peace_River,_Alberta" title="Peace River, Alberta">Peace River, Alberta</a> and grew up in <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, as the deputy prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Duties">Duties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Duties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The official duties of the deputy prime minister are to answer questions pertaining to overall government policy during <a href="/wiki/Question_Period" title="Question Period">Question Period</a> and to chair the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet</a> in the absence of the prime minister. The office has no standing in law and does not carry any formal duties or tasks—that is, it is without a <a href="/wiki/Minister_without_Portfolio" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister without Portfolio">portfolio</a>—though, the prime minister may negotiate or assign specific tasks in conjunction with the title. With the exception of <a href="/wiki/Herb_Gray" title="Herb Gray">Herb Gray</a>, all deputy prime ministers have held another ministerial portfolio alongside this title. </p><p>According to journalist Joseph Brean of the <a href="/wiki/Postmedia_Network" title="Postmedia Network">Postmedia Network</a>, the role can sometimes be "a poisoned chalice, or a leash to keep a rival under close control" rather than an indication that the Prime Minister trusts the authority of the deputy.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the political analysis magazine <i>Policy Options</i> Eugene Lang and Greg Schmidt describe the role as one of "soft power", in which a deputy prime minister only carries as much or as little power within a government as the prime minister chooses to permit them; the level of power is usually communicated less by the deputy prime minister's title itself, and more by what other roles they do or don't hold alongside it.<sup id="cite_ref-options_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-options-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One deputy prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Sheila_Copps" title="Sheila Copps">Sheila Copps</a>, attracted controversy in 1993 after asserting that she was "in charge" of government business while the then prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a>, was on a brief holiday.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After she left politics, she wrote that although the position of deputy prime minister is only ceremonial, "very often, the DPM's job was to protect the prime minister from the political damage that <a href="/wiki/Question_Period" title="Question Period">Question Period</a> can inflict on a leader", further citing the experience of <a href="/wiki/Erik_Nielsen" title="Erik Nielsen">Erik Nielsen</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Stevens" title="Sinclair Stevens">Sinclair Stevens</a> scandal.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession">Succession</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Succession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unlike the role of <a href="/wiki/Vice_president" title="Vice president">vice president</a> in some <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential systems</a>, the deputy prime minister does not automatically assume the office of prime minister if the incumbent of the latter office dies or resigns.<sup id="cite_ref-options_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-options-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although they may serve in an <a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a> capacity on a temporary <a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government" title="Caretaker government">caretaker</a> basis to ensure continuity of government function during the immediate period of transition, the deputy prime minister does not automatically become the new permanent prime minister; rather, constitutional convention requires the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">governor general</a> to consult the governing party regarding the leadership, and to call on a member of that party's caucus to assume the prime ministership.<sup id="cite_ref-options_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-options-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No policy or convention precludes the deputy prime minister from being chosen as the new prime minister in such a scenario, but none assures it, either—the party caucus would be free to recommend any new leader of its choice to the governor general. Barring extraordinary circumstances, the governor general is expected to follow the wishes of the party, although officially they retain the authority to make the final decision. That being the case, no prime minister has died in office or resigned suddenly (except following his or her party's electoral defeat) since the 1890s, many decades before the office of deputy prime minister was created. </p><p>Extended notice is usually given when a sitting prime minister does not plan to lead his/her party into another election. Leadership contests to determine the successor to a prime minister are usually held during the final days of the incumbent's term, and are traditionally a lengthy and competitive process. In almost all cases, the outgoing prime minister hands over power directly to their designated successor, without any interim prime minister. By contrast, during leadership contests for the official opposition party, the leader of the opposition has often (though not always) been occupied by an interim <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_leader" title="Parliamentary leader">parliamentary leader</a>. The opposition party's deputy leader (assuming that post is occupied) is often chosen for this role unless they plan to run in the leadership election, in which case someone else would be chosen since it would be considered harmful to the election process if the interim leader was to be one of the candidates. </p><p>Legally speaking, any interim prime minister appointed by the governor general would not merely be acting on behalf of the prime minister, but would have the full powers and prerogatives of any other prime minister. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_deputy_prime_ministers">List of deputy prime ministers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of deputy prime ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Key:</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#EA6D6A; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party of Canada</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#9999FF; color:black;"> </span> Historical conservative parties: <a href="/wiki/Liberal-Conservative_Party" title="Liberal-Conservative Party">Liberal-Conservative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931942)" title="Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)">Conservative (historical)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unionist_Party_(Canada)" title="Unionist Party (Canada)">Unionist</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_and_Conservative_Party" title="National Liberal and Conservative Party">National Liberal and Conservative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#6495ED; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col" width="150px">Name<br /><small>Electoral district<br />(Birth–Death)</small> </th> <th colspan="2" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th rowspan="2" width="150px">Other portfolios </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="100px">Prime minister<br /><small>Party<br />(Ministry)</small> </th></tr> <tr> <th width="95px">Term start </th> <th width="95px">Term end </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>1</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Allan_MacEachen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Allan_MacEachen.jpg/80px-Allan_MacEachen.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Allan_MacEachen.jpg/120px-Allan_MacEachen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Allan_MacEachen.jpg/159px-Allan_MacEachen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="1217" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Allan_MacEachen" title="Allan MacEachen">Allan MacEachen</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Highlands%E2%80%94Canso" title="Cape Breton Highlands—Canso">Cape Breton Highlands—Canso</a></small><br /><small>(1921–2017)</small> </td> <td>September 16,<br />1977 </td> <td>June 4,<br />1979 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada">President of the Privy Council</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada"><small>Liberal</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/20th_Canadian_Ministry" title="20th Canadian Ministry">20th</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8"><i>Vacant</i><br /><small>June 4, 1979 – March 3, 1980</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Joe Clark</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada"><small>Progressive Conservative</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/21st_Canadian_Ministry" title="21st Canadian Ministry">21st</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>(1)</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Allan_MacEachen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Allan_MacEachen.jpg/80px-Allan_MacEachen.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Allan_MacEachen.jpg/120px-Allan_MacEachen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Allan_MacEachen.jpg/159px-Allan_MacEachen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="1217" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Allan_MacEachen" title="Allan MacEachen">Allan MacEachen</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Highlands%E2%80%94Canso" title="Cape Breton Highlands—Canso">Cape Breton Highlands—Canso</a></small><br /><small>(1921–2017)</small> </td> <td>March 3,<br />1980 </td> <td>June 30,<br />1984 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> (until 1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_External_Affairs_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for External Affairs (Canada)">Secretary of State for External Affairs</a> (from 1982)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada"><small>Liberal</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/22nd_Canadian_ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="22nd Canadian ministry">22nd</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_cropped.jpg/80px-Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_cropped.jpg/120px-Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_cropped.jpg/160px-Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="571" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Saint-Maurice_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Saint-Maurice (federal electoral district)">Saint-Maurice</a></small><br /><small>(born 1934)</small> </td> <td>June 30,<br />1984 </td> <td>September 17,<br />1984 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_External_Affairs_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for External Affairs (Canada)">Secretary of State for External Affairs</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Turner" title="John Turner">John Turner</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada"><small>Liberal</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/23rd_Canadian_Ministry" title="23rd Canadian Ministry">23rd</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>3</b> </td> <td> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Erik_Nielsen" title="Erik Nielsen">Erik Nielsen</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Yukon_(electoral_district)" title="Yukon (electoral district)">Yukon</a></small><br /><small>(1924–2008)</small> </td> <td>September 17,<br />1984 </td> <td>June 30,<br />1986 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada">President of the Privy Council</a> (until 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Minister of National Defence</a> (from 1985)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#9999FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive<br />Conservative</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada"><small>Progressive Conservative</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/24th_Canadian_Ministry" title="24th Canadian Ministry">24th</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>4</b> </td> <td> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Don_Mazankowski" title="Don Mazankowski">Don Mazankowski</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Vegreville_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Vegreville (federal electoral district)">Vegreville</a></small><br /><small>(1935–2020)</small> </td> <td>June 30,<br />1986 </td> <td>June 25,<br />1993 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada">President of the Privy Council</a> (until 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_House_of_Commons_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the House of Commons of Canada">Government House Leader</a> (until 1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Treasury_Board_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Treasury Board (Canada)">President of the Treasury Board</a> (1987–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Agriculture (Canada)">Minister of Agriculture</a> (1988–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> (from 1991)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#9999FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive<br />Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>5</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean_Charest_27_ao%C3%BBt_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jean_Charest_27_ao%C3%BBt_2012.jpg/80px-Jean_Charest_27_ao%C3%BBt_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jean_Charest_27_ao%C3%BBt_2012.jpg/120px-Jean_Charest_27_ao%C3%BBt_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jean_Charest_27_ao%C3%BBt_2012.jpg/160px-Jean_Charest_27_ao%C3%BBt_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="568" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Sherbrooke_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Sherbrooke (federal electoral district)">Sherbrooke</a></small><br /><small>(born 1958)</small> </td> <td>June 25,<br />1993 </td> <td>November 4,<br />1993 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Innovation,_Science_and_Industry#Preceding_offices" title="Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry">Minister of Industry</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#9999FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive<br />Conservative</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada"><small>Progressive Conservative</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/25th_Canadian_Ministry" title="25th Canadian Ministry">25th</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>6</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheila_Copps_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="486" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Copps" title="Sheila Copps">Sheila Copps</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_East_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Hamilton East (federal electoral district)">Hamilton East</a></small><br /><small>(born 1952)</small> </td> <td>November 4,<br />1993 </td> <td>April 30,<br />1996 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Environment_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of the Environment (Canada)">Minister of the Environment</a> (until 1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Multiculturalism_and_Citizenship" title="Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship">Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship</a> (from 1996)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada"><small>Liberal</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/26th_Canadian_Ministry" title="26th Canadian Ministry">26th</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8"><i>Vacant<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>NB 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i><br /><small>April 30, 1996 – June 19, 1996</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>(6)</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheila_Copps_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Sheila_Copps_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="486" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Copps" title="Sheila Copps">Sheila Copps</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_East_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Hamilton East (federal electoral district)">Hamilton East</a></small><br /><small>(born 1952)</small> </td> <td>June 19,<br />1996 </td> <td>June 11,<br />1997 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Multiculturalism_and_Citizenship" title="Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship">Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship</a> (until 1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Canadian_Heritage" title="Minister of Canadian Heritage">Minister of Canadian Heritage</a> (from 1996)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>7</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Herb_Gray_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Herb_Gray_2008.jpg/80px-Herb_Gray_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Herb_Gray_2008.jpg/120px-Herb_Gray_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Herb_Gray_2008.jpg/159px-Herb_Gray_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="312" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Herb_Gray" title="Herb Gray">Herb Gray</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Windsor_West_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Windsor West (federal electoral district)">Windsor West</a></small><br /><small>(1931–2014)</small> </td> <td>June 11,<br />1997 </td> <td>January 15,<br />2002 </td> <td>– </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>8</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Manley_IMF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/John_Manley_IMF.jpg/80px-John_Manley_IMF.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/John_Manley_IMF.jpg/120px-John_Manley_IMF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/John_Manley_IMF.jpg/160px-John_Manley_IMF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/John_Manley" title="John Manley">John Manley</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_South" title="Ottawa South">Ottawa South</a></small><br /><small>(born 1950)</small> </td> <td>January 15,<br />2002 </td> <td>December 12,<br />2003 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> (from 2002)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>9</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AnneMcLellanUBC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/AnneMcLellanUBC.jpg/80px-AnneMcLellanUBC.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/AnneMcLellanUBC.jpg/120px-AnneMcLellanUBC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/AnneMcLellanUBC.jpg/160px-AnneMcLellanUBC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="990" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Anne_McLellan" title="Anne McLellan">Anne McLellan</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_West" title="Edmonton West">Edmonton West</a> (until 2004)<br />MP for <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Centre" title="Edmonton Centre">Edmonton Centre</a> (from 2004)</small><br /><small>(born 1950)</small> </td> <td>December 12,<br />2003 </td> <td>February 6,<br />2006 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_Canada" title="Solicitor General of Canada">Solicitor General of Canada</a> (until 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Safety" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Public Safety">Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness</a> (from 2005)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin" title="Paul Martin">Paul Martin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada"><small>Liberal</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/27th_Canadian_Ministry" title="27th Canadian Ministry">27th</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8" rowspan="2"><i>Vacant<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>NB 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>NB 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i><br /><small>February 6, 2006 – November 20, 2019</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a></small><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/28th_Canadian_Ministry" title="28th Canadian Ministry">28th</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr style="height:40px"> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada"><small>Liberal</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/29th_Canadian_Ministry" title="29th Canadian Ministry">29th</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>10</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/121px-Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Chrystia_Freeland_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1677" data-file-height="2237" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a></b><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/University%E2%80%94Rosedale_(federal_electoral_district)" title="University—Rosedale (federal electoral district)">University—Rosedale</a></small><br /><small>(born 1968)</small> </td> <td>November 20,<br />2019 </td> <td>Incumbent </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs">Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs</a> (until 2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> (from 2020)</li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acting_prime_minister">Acting prime minister</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Acting prime minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg/170px-Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg/255px-Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg/340px-Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="1186" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Fairclough" title="Ellen Fairclough">Ellen Fairclough</a> served as acting prime minister from February 19 to 20, 1958, in the absence of <a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">John Diefenbaker</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Deputy Prime Minister of Canada">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Prior to the creation of the position of deputy prime minister, a prime minister would routinely name a member of the cabinet to temporarily <a href="/wiki/Acting_Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Acting Prime Minister">act on the prime minister's behalf</a> while the prime minister was away from the regular duties of his job for a period of time, such as being out of the country on a working visit or a vacation. The delegate was thus a <a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government" title="Caretaker government">caretaker</a>, whose role was to oversee the routine day-to-day functioning of the government and cabinet during the prime minister's absence; for example, in his capacity as acting prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Sharp" title="Mitchell Sharp">Mitchell Sharp</a> ordered a precautionary one-day shutdown of government offices in Ottawa on August 20, 1970, as the storm that had spawned the <a href="/wiki/Sudbury_tornado" title="Sudbury tornado">Sudbury tornado</a> headed toward Ottawa.<sup id="cite_ref-ottawa_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ottawa-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An acting prime minister did not otherwise have the authority to act independently of the sitting prime minister in a legislative or political capacity, nor would an acting prime minister be considered to have actually served as prime minister. As well the acting prime minister was not given the title <a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a>, even during the acting period, although some people who served as acting prime ministers may have independently earned that distinction for other reasons. </p><p>Due to the routine and relatively minor nature of the role, few to no research sources exist to provide a complete list of everyone who was ever named as acting prime minister. However, <a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">John Diefenbaker</a>'s selection of <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Fairclough" title="Ellen Fairclough">Ellen Fairclough</a> as acting prime minister on February 19 and 20, 1958, is historically noteworthy as Fairclough was the <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Canadian_politics" title="Women in Canadian politics">first woman</a> ever designated.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senior_Minister">Senior Minister</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Senior Minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the creation of this position, the position of "Senior Minister" was a ceremonial position used in a similar manner, heading the order of precedence.<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCitizen-1982-11-10-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon the absence of the prime minister, the senior minister would act on behalf of the prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-Gazette-1968-04-30_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette-1968-04-30-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="col">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" scope="col" width="150px">Name<br /><small>Electoral district<br />(Birth–Death)</small> </th> <th colspan="2" scope="col">Term of office </th> <th rowspan="2" width="150px">Other portfolios </th> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2" width="100px">Prime minister<br /><small>Party<br />(Ministry)</small> </th></tr> <tr> <th width="95px">Term start </th> <th width="95px">Term end </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Hellyer_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Paul_Hellyer_portrait.jpg/80px-Paul_Hellyer_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Paul_Hellyer_portrait.jpg/120px-Paul_Hellyer_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Paul_Hellyer_portrait.jpg/160px-Paul_Hellyer_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hellyer" title="Paul Hellyer">Paul Hellyer</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Gazette-1968-04-30_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gazette-1968-04-30-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><small>MP for <a href="/wiki/Trinity_(electoral_district)" title="Trinity (electoral district)">Trinity</a></small><br /><small>(1923–2021)</small> </td> <td>April 30,<br />1968 </td> <td>April 23,<br />1969 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Minister of Transport</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="background:#EA6D6A;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada"><small>Liberal</small></a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/20th_Canadian_Ministry" title="20th Canadian Ministry">20th</a>)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Premier_(Canada)" title="Deputy Premier (Canada)">Deputy Premier (Canada)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Including a basic sessional indemnity of CA$203,100 as Member of Parliament.<i></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">When the position is held by a male, the French title is <i>vice-premier ministre du Canada"</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The office of deputy prime minister was briefly vacant in 1996 when Copps, after being challenged on her 1993 campaign promise to resign if the government did not repeal the <a href="/wiki/Goods_and_Services_Tax_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Goods and Services Tax (Canada)">Goods and Services Tax</a>, resigned from Parliament and recontested her seat in a <a href="/wiki/Byelection" class="mw-redirect" title="Byelection">byelection</a>. Chrétien did not name a replacement during Copps' absence from Parliament. After winning the byelection and returning to Parliament, Copps was reappointed to the position.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harper did not name a deputy prime minister, although in practice <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Cannon" title="Lawrence Cannon">Lawrence Cannon</a> (Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Pontiac (federal electoral district)">Pontiac, Quebec</a>) was named second below Harper in the order of precedence. Following Cannon's defeat in the <a href="/wiki/2011_Canadian_federal_election" title="2011 Canadian federal election">2011 election</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the Senate (Canada)">Leader of the Government in the Senate</a> <a href="/wiki/Marjory_LeBreton" title="Marjory LeBreton">Marjory LeBreton</a> was named the first minister to act for Harper in his absence. After LeBreton resigned, the Minister of Finance at the time, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Flaherty" title="Jim Flaherty">Jim Flaherty</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Joe_Oliver_(politician)" title="Joe Oliver (politician)">Joe Oliver</a> were named next in line.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Justin Trudeau also did not name a deputy prime minister during his first mandate, although <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Goodale" title="Ralph Goodale">Ralph Goodale</a> had been designated to act for Trudeau in the event he became incapacitated. <a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a> was appointed Deputy Prime Minister following the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 election</a>, in which Goodale was defeated.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMarleauMontpetit2000" class="citation book cs1">Marleau, Robert; Montpetit, Camille, eds. (2000). "Parliamentary Institutions". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourcommons.ca/MarleauMontpetit/DocumentViewer.aspx?DocId=1001&Lang=E&Sec=Ch01&Seq=3"><i>House of Commons Procedure and Practice</i></a>. Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-89461-378-4" title="Special:BookSources/2-89461-378-4"><bdi>2-89461-378-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Parliamentary+Institutions&rft.btitle=House+of+Commons+Procedure+and+Practice&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pub=Queen%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=2-89461-378-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcommons.ca%2FMarleauMontpetit%2FDocumentViewer.aspx%3FDocId%3D1001%26Lang%3DE%26Sec%3DCh01%26Seq%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeputy+Prime+Minister+of+Canada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourcommons.ca/About/OurProcedure/ParliamentaryFramework/c_g_parliamentaryframework-e.htm">"The Canadian Parliamentary system - Our Procedure - House of Commons"</a>. <i>www.ourcommons.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ourcommons.ca&rft.atitle=The+Canadian+Parliamentary+system+-+Our+Procedure+-+House+of+Commons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcommons.ca%2FAbout%2FOurProcedure%2FParliamentaryFramework%2Fc_g_parliamentaryframework-e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeputy+Prime+Minister+of+Canada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/report/rev-exa/ar-er-eng.pdf">"Review of the Responsibilities and Accountabilities of Ministers and Senior Officials"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191205114945/https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/report/rev-exa/ar-er-eng.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 5, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Review+of+the+Responsibilities+and+Accountabilities+of+Ministers+and+Senior+Officials&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbs-sct.gc.ca%2Freport%2Frev-exa%2Far-er-eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeputy+Prime+Minister+of+Canada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-salary-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-salary_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Salaries">"Indemnities, Salaries and Allowances"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+News&rft.atitle=Liberal+MP+Dominic+LeBlanc+stepping+away+from+cabinet+after+cancer+diagnosis&rft.date=2019-04-26&rft.aulast=Canadian+Press&rft.aufirst=The&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnews.ca%2Fnews%2F5207735%2Fdominic-leblanc-non-hodgkin-lymphoma-diagnosis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeputy+Prime+Minister+of+Canada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlatt2019" class="citation web cs1">Platt, Brian (October 23, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://o.canada.com/news/politics/election-2019/with-liberals-wiped-out-in-alberta-and-sask-trudeau-promises-to-do-a-lot-more-to-rebuild-western-support/wcm/92fc8363-113d-4f51-b38b-acfb09106c75">"With Liberals wiped out in Alberta and Sask., Trudeau promises to do 'a lot more' to rebuild Western support"</a>. <i>Canada.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canada.com&rft.atitle=With+Liberals+wiped+out+in+Alberta+and+Sask.%2C+Trudeau+promises+to+do+%27a+lot+more%27+to+rebuild+Western+support&rft.date=2019-10-23&rft.aulast=Platt&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fo.canada.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Felection-2019%2Fwith-liberals-wiped-out-in-alberta-and-sask-trudeau-promises-to-do-a-lot-more-to-rebuild-western-support%2Fwcm%2F92fc8363-113d-4f51-b38b-acfb09106c75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeputy+Prime+Minister+of+Canada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joseph Brean, "What does a deputy prime minister do?". <i><a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a></i>, November 20, 2019.</span> </li> <li 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href="#cite_ref-ottawa_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Ottawa concerned". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>, August 21, 1970. p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"As Acting Prime Minister Ellen Fairclough First Again". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>, February 21, 1958.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gazette-1968-04-30-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gazette-1968-04-30_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gazette-1968-04-30_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Gazette (Montreal), "Hellyer Appointed No.2 Man To Rule In Trudeau's Absence", 1 May 1968, p.3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reading Eagle, "Hellyer Quits Cabinet Job", P, 24 April 1969, pg.47</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deputypm.canada.ca/en">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040301062736/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/DepPrimeMin.asp?Language=E">Parliament of Canada page</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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<li><a href="/wiki/John_Manley" title="John Manley">Manley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_McLellan" title="Anne McLellan">McLellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Freeland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Template:Cabinet of Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Template talk:Cabinet of Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet of Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet of Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Prime_Minister_(Canada)" title="Office of the Prime Minister (Canada)">Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Deputy Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture_and_Agri-Food" title="Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food">Agriculture and Agri-Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Minister_of_Health" title="Associate Minister of Health">Associate Minister of Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Minister_of_National_Defence" title="Associate Minister of National Defence">Associate Minister of National Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Canadian_Heritage" title="Minister of Canadian Heritage">Canadian Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Citizens%27_Services" title="Minister of Citizens' Services">Citizens' Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Crown%E2%80%93Indigenous_Relations" title="Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations">Crown–Indigenous Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Diversity,_Inclusion_and_Persons_with_Disabilities" title="Minister of Diversity, Inclusion and Persons with Disabilities">Diversity, Inclusion and Persons with Disabilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Emergency_Preparedness" title="Minister of Emergency Preparedness">Emergency Preparedness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Employment,_Workforce_Development_and_Official_Languages" title="Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Official Languages">Employment, Workforce Development and Official Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" title="Minister of Energy and Natural Resources">Energy and Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Environment_and_Climate_Change" title="Minister of Environment and Climate Change">Environment and Climate Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Export_Promotion,_International_Trade_and_Economic_Development" title="Minister of Export Promotion, International Trade and Economic Development">Export Promotion, International Trade and Economic Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Families,_Children_and_Social_Development" title="Minister of Families, Children and Social Development">Families, Children and Social Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Development_Agency_(Canada)#Federal_Economic_Development_Agency_for_Southern_Ontario" title="Regional Development Agency (Canada)">Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Fisheries,_Oceans_and_the_Canadian_Coast_Guard" title="Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard">Fisheries, Oceans, and the Canadian Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)">Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_House_of_Commons_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the House of Commons (Canada)">Government House Leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Health_(Canada)" title="Minister of Health (Canada)">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Housing,_Infrastructure_and_Communities" title="Minister of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities">Housing, Infrastructure and Communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Indigenous_Services" title="Minister of Indigenous Services">Indigenous Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship" title="Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship">Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Innovation,_Science_and_Industry" title="Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry">Innovation, Science and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_International_Development_(Canada)" title="Minister of International Development (Canada)">International Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_and_Attorney_General_of_Canada" title="Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Labour_(Canada)" title="Minister of Labour (Canada)">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Mental_Health_and_Addictions" title="Minister of Mental Health and Addictions">Mental Health and Addictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">National Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Revenue" title="Minister of National Revenue">National Revenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Northern_Affairs" title="Minister of Northern Affairs">Northern Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="President of the King's Privy Council for Canada">Privy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Safety,_Democratic_Institutions_and_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="Minister of Public Safety, Democratic Institutions and Intergovernmental Affairs">Public Safety, Democratic Institutions and Intergovernmental Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">Public Services and Procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Rural_Economic_Development" title="Minister of Rural Economic Development">Rural Economic Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Seniors" title="Minister of Seniors">Seniors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Small_Business_(Canada)" title="Minister of Small Business (Canada)">Small Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Sport_and_Physical_Activity" title="Minister of Sport and Physical Activity">Sport and Physical Activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Tourism_(Canada)" title="Minister of Tourism (Canada)">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="President of the Treasury Board">Treasury Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Veterans_Affairs_(Canada)" title="Minister of Veterans Affairs (Canada)">Veterans Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Women_and_Gender_Equality_and_Youth" title="Minister for Women and Gender Equality and Youth">Women and Gender Equality and Youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Deputy_heads_of_government_of_North_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Deputy_heads_of_government_of_North_America" title="Template:Deputy heads of government of North America"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Deputy_heads_of_government_of_North_America" title="Template talk:Deputy heads of government of North America"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Deputy_heads_of_government_of_North_America" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Deputy heads of government of North America"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Deputy_heads_of_government_of_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Deputy <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">heads of government</a> of North America</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.1em; text-align: center;">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_the_Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Prime Minister of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deputy_prime_ministers_of_Barbados" title="List of deputy prime ministers of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Belize" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Costa_Rica" title="Vice President of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Cuba" title="Vice President of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Dominica" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Vice President of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_El_Salvador" title="Vice President of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Grenada (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Guatemala" title="Vice President of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><span style="color:#aaa">Haiti</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Honduras" title="Vice President of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico#Succession" title="President of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Nicaragua" title="Vice President of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Panama" title="Vice President of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (page does not exist)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&oldid=1258232774">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Canada&oldid=1258232774</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lines_of_succession" title="Category:Lines of succession">Lines of 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