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sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Small tectonic plate in the Molucca Sea</div> <p><b>Halmahera plate</b> has recently (1990s) been postulated to be a <a href="/wiki/Tectonic_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectonic plate">microplate</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_Collision_Zone" title="Molucca Sea Collision Zone">Molucca Sea Collision Zone</a> of eastern <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regional_tectonics">Regional tectonics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halmahera_plate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Regional tectonics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tectonic setting of the <a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea" title="Molucca Sea">Molucca Sea</a> region is unique. It is the only global example of an active arc-arc collision consuming an oceanic basin via <a href="/wiki/Subduction" title="Subduction">subduction</a> in two directions. The <a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_plate" title="Molucca Sea plate">Molucca Sea plate</a> has been subsumed by tectonic microplates, the Halmahera plate and the <a href="/wiki/Sangihe_plate" title="Sangihe plate">Sangihe plate</a>. The whole complexity is now known as the <a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_Collision_Zone" title="Molucca Sea Collision Zone">Molucca Sea Collision Zone</a>. </p><p>The existence of Halmahera as a tectonic plate separate from the <a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_plate" title="Molucca Sea plate">Molucca Sea plate</a> is not yet entirely agreed upon by paleogeologists. Some see Halmahera as an eastern slab of the Molucca Sea plate, just as they regard Sangihe as a western slab of the Molucca Sea plate. What is apparent to date is that Halmahera was part of the Molucca Sea slab subducted during the <a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">Neogene</a> between 45 Ma and 25 Ma.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Seismology" title="Seismology">Seismicity</a> shows the east-dipping Halmahera reaches a depth of about 200 km.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Seismic_tomography" title="Seismic tomography">Seismic tomography</a> suggests that the Halmahera goes deeper to at least 400 km.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Sangihe and Halmahera are exposed to the surface while the Molucca Sea plate is completely subsumed below these two microplates. The southern boundary of the Molucca Sea plate is also the boundary of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Sea_plate" title="Philippine Sea plate">Philippine Sea plate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Australian_plate" title="Australian plate">Australian plate</a>, and is moving northwards. Since the Sangihe plate and the Halmahera plate are in continuity with the Molucca Sea plate, this implies all three slabs are moving northward in mantle with the <a href="/wiki/Australian_plate" title="Australian plate">Australian plate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A broad high-velocity zone beneath the <a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Head_plate" title="Bird's Head plate">Bird's Head plate</a> at 400–600 km depth is interpreted by R Hall and W Spakman as indicating a remnant slab subducted below the Halmahera plate, and another broad high-velocity zone beneath the <a href="/wiki/Celebes_Sea" title="Celebes Sea">Celebes Sea</a> at 700–1000 km depth is interpreted as a remnant slab below the Sangihe plate, both remnants having originated from a slab subducted beneath the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippine-Halmahera_Arc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippine-Halmahera Arc (page does not exist)">Philippine-Halmahera Arc</a> 45 Ma to 25 Ma ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In this model, the Bird's Head and Halmahera plates are separated by the <a href="/wiki/Sorong_Fault" title="Sorong Fault">Sorong Fault</a>, a major lateral east–west fault. </p><p>An earlier model considered the area to be the <a href="/wiki/Halmahera_Arc" title="Halmahera Arc">Halmahera Arc</a>, a volcanic arc of islands without a tectonic plate base. More recent studies in the 1990s and later, have displaced this theory with the Halmahera plate theory.<sup id="cite_ref-Hall_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halmahera_plate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_Collision_Zone" title="Molucca Sea Collision Zone">Molucca Sea Collision Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Mobile_Belt" title="Philippine Mobile Belt">Philippine Mobile Belt</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halmahera_plate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Hall-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hall_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">R. Hall and W. Spakman, <i>Australian plate Tomography and Tectonics</i> in R. R. Hillis, R. D. 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tectonic_plates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tectonic_plates" title="Template:Tectonic plates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tectonic_plates" title="Template talk:Tectonic plates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tectonic_plates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tectonic plates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tectonic_plates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Tectonic plates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plates#Major_plates" title="List of tectonic plates">Major plates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_plate" title="African plate">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_plate" title="Antarctic plate">Antarctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_plate" title="Eurasian plate">Eurasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Australian_plate" title="Indo-Australian plate">Indo-Australian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_plate" title="Australian plate">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_plate" title="Indian plate">Indian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_plate" title="North American plate">North American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_plate" title="Pacific plate">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_plate" title="South American plate">South American</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding:1.0em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tectonic_plates_boundaries_World_map_Wt_180degE_centered-en.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="World map indicating tectonic plate boundaries"><img alt="World map indicating tectonic plate boundaries" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Tectonic_plates_boundaries_World_map_Wt_180degE_centered-en.svg/120px-Tectonic_plates_boundaries_World_map_Wt_180degE_centered-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Tectonic_plates_boundaries_World_map_Wt_180degE_centered-en.svg/180px-Tectonic_plates_boundaries_World_map_Wt_180degE_centered-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Tectonic_plates_boundaries_World_map_Wt_180degE_centered-en.svg/240px-Tectonic_plates_boundaries_World_map_Wt_180degE_centered-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4903" data-file-height="2996" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plates#Minor_plates" title="List of tectonic plates">Minor plates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amurian_microplate" title="Amurian microplate">Amurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_plate" title="Arabian plate">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burma_plate" title="Burma plate">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_plate" title="Caribbean plate">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_plate" title="Caroline plate">Caroline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_plate" title="Cocos plate">Cocos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_plate" title="Indian plate">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazca_plate" title="Nazca plate">Nazca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hebrides_plate" title="New Hebrides plate">New Hebrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okhotsk_microplate" title="Okhotsk microplate">Okhotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Sea_plate" title="Philippine Sea plate">Philippine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotia_plate" title="Scotia plate">Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_plate" title="Somali plate">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_plate" title="Sunda plate">Sunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangtze_plate" title="Yangtze plate">Yangtze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plates#Microplates" title="List of tectonic plates">Microplates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_plate" title="Adriatic plate">Adriatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea_plate" title="Aegean Sea plate">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_sub-plate" title="Anatolian sub-plate">Anatolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmoral_Reef_plate" title="Balmoral Reef plate">Balmoral Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Sea_plate" title="Banda Sea plate">Banda Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Head_plate" title="Bird's Head plate">Bird's Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capricorn_plate" title="Capricorn plate">Capricorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coiba_plate" title="Coiba plate">Coiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conway_Reef_plate" title="Conway Reef plate">Conway Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_plate" title="Explorer plate">Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futuna_plate" title="Futuna plate">Futuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_microplate" title="Galápagos microplate">Galápagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A2ve_microplate" title="Gonâve microplate">Gonâve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorda_plate" title="Gorda plate">Gorda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_plate" title="Greenland plate">Greenland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Halmahera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_plate" title="Iberian plate">Iberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Fuca_plate" title="Juan de Fuca plate">Juan de Fuca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_plate" title="Juan Fernández plate">Juan Fernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Plateau" title="Kerguelen Plateau">Kerguelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermadec_plate" title="Kermadec plate">Kermadec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lwandle_plate" title="Lwandle plate">Lwandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar_plate" title="Madagascar plate">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malpelo_plate" title="Malpelo plate">Malpelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manus_plate" title="Manus plate">Manus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoke_plate" title="Maoke plate">Maoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_plate" title="Mariana plate">Mariana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_plate" title="Molucca Sea plate">Molucca Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niuafo%27ou_plate" title="Niuafo'ou plate">Niuafo’ou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Andes_plate" title="North Andes plate">North Andes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bismarck_plate" title="North Bismarck plate">North Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Galapagos_microplate" title="North Galapagos microplate">North Galápagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawa_plate" title="Okinawa plate">Okinawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_plate" title="Panama plate">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelso_plate" title="Pelso plate">Pelso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Mobile_Belt" title="Philippine Mobile Belt">Philippine Mobile Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivera_plate" title="Rivera plate">Rivera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rovuma_plate" title="Rovuma plate">Rovuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangihe_plate" title="Sangihe plate">Sangihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles_microcontinent" title="Seychelles microcontinent">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_plate" title="Shetland plate">Shetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Sea_plate" title="Solomon Sea plate">Solomon Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bismarck_plate" title="South Bismarck plate">South Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sandwich_plate" title="South Sandwich plate">South Sandwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_plate" title="Timor plate">Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tisza_plate" title="Tisza plate">Tisza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonga_plate" title="Tonga plate">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobriand_plate" title="Trobriand plate">Trobriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_microplate" title="Victoria microplate">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlark_plate" title="Woodlark plate">Woodlark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plates#Ancient_tectonic_plates" title="List of tectonic plates">Ancient plates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_plate" title="Baltic plate">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingshausen_plate" title="Bellingshausen plate">Bellingshausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charcot_plate" title="Charcot plate">Charcot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimmeria_(continent)" title="Cimmeria (continent)">Cimmeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farallon_plate" title="Farallon plate">Farallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_plate" title="Insular plate">Insular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermontane_plate" title="Intermontane plate">Intermontane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izanagi_plate" title="Izanagi plate">Izanagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kula_plate" title="Kula plate">Kula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhasa_terrane" title="Lhasa terrane">Lhasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agulhas_Basin" title="Agulhas Basin">Malvinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moa_plate" title="Moa plate">Moa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_plate" title="Phoenix plate">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshiroda_plate" title="Kshiroda plate">Kshiroda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mid-ocean_ridge#List_of_mid-ocean_ridges" title="Mid-ocean ridge">Oceanic ridges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aden_Ridge" title="Aden Ridge">Aden Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlsberg_Ridge" title="Carlsberg Ridge">Carlsberg Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Indian_Ridge" title="Central Indian Ridge">Central Indian Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile_Ridge" title="Chile Ridge">Chile Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocos Ridge">Cocos Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pacific_Rise" title="East Pacific Rise">East Pacific Rise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_Ridge" title="Explorer Ridge">Explorer Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gakkel_Ridge" title="Gakkel Ridge">Gakkel Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands#Geology" title="Galápagos Islands">Galápagos Spreading Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorda_Ridge" title="Gorda Ridge">Gorda Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Fuca_Ridge" title="Juan de Fuca Ridge">Juan de Fuca Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_Ridge" title="Mid-Atlantic Ridge">Mid-Atlantic Ridge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Knipovich" title="Nikolai Knipovich">Knipovich Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolbeinsey_Ridge" title="Kolbeinsey Ridge">Kolbeinsey Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Plain" title="Greenland Plain">Mohns Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_Ridge#Iceland" title="Mid-Atlantic Ridge">Reykjanes Ridge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific%E2%80%93Antarctic_Ridge" title="Pacific–Antarctic Ridge">Pacific–Antarctic Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American%E2%80%93Antarctic_Ridge" title="South American–Antarctic Ridge">South American–Antarctic Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Indian_Ridge" title="Southeast Indian Ridge">Southeast Indian Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Indian_Ridge" title="Southwest Indian Ridge">Southwest Indian Ridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mid-ocean_ridge#List_of_ancient_oceanic_ridges" title="Mid-ocean ridge">Ancient oceanic ridges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegir_Ridge" title="Aegir Ridge">Aegir Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Ridge" title="Alpha Ridge">Alpha Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic%E2%80%93Phoenix_Ridge" title="Antarctic–Phoenix Ridge">Antarctic–Phoenix Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kula%E2%80%93Farallon_Ridge" title="Kula–Farallon Ridge">Kula–Farallon Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Labrador_Ridge" title="Mid-Labrador Ridge">Mid-Labrador Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific%E2%80%93Farallon_Ridge" title="Pacific–Farallon Ridge">Pacific–Farallon Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific%E2%80%93Kula_Ridge" title="Pacific–Kula Ridge">Pacific–Kula Ridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WikiProject_Geology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/WikiProject_Geology.svg/16px-WikiProject_Geology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/WikiProject_Geology.svg/24px-WikiProject_Geology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/WikiProject_Geology.svg/32px-WikiProject_Geology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="327" data-file-height="328" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geology" title="Portal:Geology">Geology portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plates" title="List of tectonic plates">List</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Plate_tectonics" title="Category:Plate tectonics">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Plate_tectonics" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Plate tectonics">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tectonic_plates_of_Southeast_Asia–New_Guinea_(Australian_plate–Pacific_plate_convergence_zone)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SE_Asia_plates" title="Template:SE Asia plates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SE_Asia_plates" title="Template talk:SE Asia plates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SE_Asia_plates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SE Asia plates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tectonic_plates_of_Southeast_Asia–New_Guinea_(Australian_plate–Pacific_plate_convergence_zone)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">Tectonic plates</a> of <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a> (<a href="/wiki/Australian_plate" title="Australian plate">Australian plate</a>–<a href="/wiki/Pacific_plate" title="Pacific plate">Pacific plate</a> convergence zone)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics#Major_plates" title="Plate tectonics">Large</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_plate" title="Caroline plate">Caroline plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Sea_plate" title="Philippine Sea plate">Philippine Sea plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_plate" title="Sunda plate">Sunda plate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics#Major_plates" title="Plate tectonics">Small</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burma_plate" title="Burma plate">Burma plate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philippines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Mobile_Belt" title="Philippine Mobile Belt">Philippine Mobile Belt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indonesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Sea_plate" title="Banda Sea plate">Banda Sea plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Head_plate" title="Bird's Head plate">Bird's Head plate</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Halmahera plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_Collision_Zone" title="Molucca Sea Collision Zone">Molucca Sea Collision Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea_plate" title="Molucca Sea plate">Molucca Sea plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangihe_plate" title="Sangihe plate">Sangihe plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_plate" title="Timor plate">Timor plate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Guinea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maoke_plate" title="Maoke plate">Maoke plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bismarck_plate" title="North Bismarck plate">North Bismarck plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manus_plate" title="Manus plate">Manus plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Sea_plate" title="Solomon Sea plate">Solomon Sea plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bismarck_plate" title="South Bismarck plate">South Bismarck plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobriand_plate" title="Trobriand plate">Trobriand plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlark_plate" title="Woodlark plate">Woodlark plate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fault_(geology)" title="Fault (geology)">Faults</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flores_Back_Arc_Thrust_Fault" class="mw-redirect" title="Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault">Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sumatran_fault" title="Great Sumatran fault">Great Sumatran Fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina_Valley_fault_system" title="Marikina Valley fault system">Marikina Valley fault system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Britain_subduction_zone" title="New Britain subduction zone">New Britain subduction zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palu-Koro_Fault" title="Palu-Koro Fault">Palu-Koro Fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_fault_system" title="Philippine fault system">Philippine fault system</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramu-Markham_Fault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramu-Markham Fault (page does not exist)">Ramu-Markham Fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorong_Fault" title="Sorong Fault">Sorong Fault</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanic_trench" title="Oceanic trench">Trenches</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Trough_(geology)" title="Trough (geology)">troughs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Trench" title="Sunda Trench">Java Trench</a> (Sunda) with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mentawai_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mentawai Trough (page does not exist)">Mentawai Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunda_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunda Trough (page does not exist)">Sunda Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_Trough" title="Timor Trough">Timor Trough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philippines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato_Trench" title="Cotabato Trench">Cotabato Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Trench" title="Manila Trench">Manila Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Luzon_Trough" title="North Luzon Trough">North Luzon Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Trench" title="Negros Trench">Negros Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palawan_Trench&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palawan Trench (page does not exist)">Palawan Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Trench" title="Philippine Trench">Philippine Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Trench" title="Philippine Trench">East Luzon Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_Trench" title="Sulu Trench">Sulu Trench</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sulawesi and Moluccas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aru_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aru Trough (page does not exist)">Aru Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banda_Trench&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banda Trench (page does not exist)">Banda Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceram_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceram Trough (page does not exist)">Ceram Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salajar_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salajar Trough (page does not exist)">Salajar Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sangihe_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sangihe Trough (page does not exist)">Sangihe Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talaud_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talaud Trough (page does not exist)">Talaud Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ternate_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ternate Trough (page does not exist)">Ternate Trough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Timor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aur_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aur Trough (page does not exist)">Aur Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanimbar_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanimbar Trough (page does not exist)">Tanimbar Trough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Guinea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayu_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ayu Trough (page does not exist)">Ayu Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilinailau_Trench" title="Kilinailau Trench">Kilinailau Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manokwari_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manokwari Trough (page does not exist)">Manokwari Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyra_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyra Trough (page does not exist)">Lyra Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mussau_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mussau Trough (page does not exist)">Mussau Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea_Trench" title="New Guinea Trench">New Guinea Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pocklington_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pocklington Trough (page does not exist)">Pocklington Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Britain_subduction_zone" title="New Britain subduction zone">New Britain Trench</a> (Bougainville)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Caroline_Trough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Caroline Trough (page does not exist)">West Caroline Trough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Melanesian_Trench" title="West Melanesian Trench">West Melanesian Trench</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsea plateaus<br />and basins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arafura_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arafura Basin (page does not exist)">Arafura Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aru-Tanimbar_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aru-Tanimbar Basin (page does not exist)">Aru-Tanimbar Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengkulu_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bengkulu Basin (page does not exist)">Bengkulu Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benham_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Benham Plateau">Benham Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bula_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bula Basin (page does not exist)">Bula Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Natuna_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Natuna Basin (page does not exist)">East Natuna Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geelvinck_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geelvinck Basin (page does not exist)">Geelvinck (Cendrawasih) Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manus_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manus Basin (page does not exist)">Manus Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minahasa_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minahasa Basin (page does not exist)">Minahasa Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Australian_Basin" title="North Australian Basin">North Australian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Biak_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Biak Basin (page does not exist)">North Biak Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Flores_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Flores Basin (page does not exist)">North Flores Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_East_Java_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern East Java Basin (page does not exist)">Northern East Java Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Makassar_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Makassar Basin (page does not exist)">Northern Makassar Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontong_Java_Plateau" title="Ontong Java Plateau">Ontong Java Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sawu_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sawu Basin (page does not exist)">Sawu Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Makassar_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southern Makassar Basin (page does not exist)">Southern Makassar Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talaud_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talaud Basin (page does not exist)">Talaud Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weber_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Weber Basin">Weber Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Halmahera_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Halmahera Basin (page does not exist)">West Halmahera Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Natuna_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Natuna Basin (page does not exist)">West Natuna Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlark_Basin" title="Woodlark Basin">Woodlark Basin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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