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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Contrasting_verse–chorus_form" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contrasting_verse–chorus_form"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Contrasting verse–chorus form</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contrasting_verse–chorus_form-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simple_verse–chorus_form" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simple_verse–chorus_form"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Simple verse–chorus form</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simple_verse–chorus_form-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simple_verse_form" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simple_verse_form"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Simple verse form</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simple_verse_form-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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data-title="Запевно-припевная форма" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verse-chorus_form" title="Verse-chorus form – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Verse-chorus form" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Куплетна форма – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Куплетна форма" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical form common in popular music</div> <p> <b>Verse–chorus form</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Musical_form" title="Musical form">musical form</a> going back to the 1840s, in such songs as "<a href="/wiki/Oh!_Susanna" title="Oh! Susanna">Oh! Susanna</a>", "<a href="/wiki/The_Daring_Young_Man_on_the_Flying_Trapeze_(song)" title="The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze (song)">The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze</a>", and many others.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became passé in the early 1900s, with advent of the <a href="/wiki/Thirty-two-bar_form" title="Thirty-two-bar form">AABA</a> (with verse) form in the <a href="/wiki/Tin_Pan_Alley" title="Tin Pan Alley">Tin Pan Alley</a> days.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became commonly used in <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a> in the 1950s,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and predominant in <a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock music</a> since the 1960s. In contrast to <a href="/wiki/32-bar_form" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bar form">32-bar form</a>, which is focused on the refrain (contrasted and prepared by the <a href="/wiki/Bridge_(music)" title="Bridge (music)">B section</a>), in verse–chorus form the chorus is highlighted (prepared and contrasted with the verse).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The chorus often sharply contrasts the verse <a href="/wiki/Melody" title="Melody">melodically</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhythm" title="Rhythm">rhythmically</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Harmony" title="Harmony">harmonically</a>, and assumes a higher level of <a href="/wiki/Dynamics_(music)" title="Dynamics (music)">dynamics</a> and activity, often with added instrumentation. This is referred to as a "breakout chorus".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See: <a href="/wiki/Arrangement" title="Arrangement">arrangement</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contrasting_verse–chorus_form"><span id="Contrasting_verse.E2.80.93chorus_form"></span>Contrasting verse–chorus form</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verse%E2%80%93chorus_form&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Contrasting verse–chorus form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Songs that use different music for the verse and chorus are in <b>contrasting verse–chorus form</b>. Examples include: </p> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/That%27ll_Be_the_Day" title="That'll Be the Day">That'll Be the Day</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Holly" title="Buddy Holly">Buddy Holly</a> (1957)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Be_My_Baby" title="Be My Baby">Be My Baby</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">The Ronettes</a> (1963)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/California_Girls" title="California Girls">California Girls</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys">The Beach Boys</a> (1965)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (1967)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Foxy_Lady" title="Foxy Lady">Foxy Lady</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Jimi_Hendrix" title="Jimi Hendrix">Jimi Hendrix</a> (1967)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Smoke_on_the_Water" title="Smoke on the Water">Smoke on the Water</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Deep_Purple" title="Deep Purple">Deep Purple</a> (1973)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Can%27t_Get_Enough_(Bad_Company_song)" title="Can't Get Enough (Bad Company song)">Can't Get Enough</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Bad_Company" title="Bad Company">Bad Company</a> (1974)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Biology_(Girls_Aloud_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Biology (Girls Aloud song)">Biology</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Sexy!_No_No_No..." title="Sexy! No No No...">Sexy! No No No...</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Girls_Aloud" title="Girls Aloud">Girls Aloud</a> (2005 and 2007)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_the_Refugee" title="Prayer of the Refugee">Prayer of the Refugee</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Rise_Against" title="Rise Against">Rise Against</a> (2006)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simple_verse–chorus_form"><span id="Simple_verse.E2.80.93chorus_form"></span>Simple verse–chorus form</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verse%E2%80%93chorus_form&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Simple verse–chorus form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Songs that use the same harmony (chords) for the verse and chorus, such as the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_bar_blues" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve bar blues">twelve bar blues</a>, though the melody is different and the lyrics feature different verses and a repeated chorus, are in <b>simple verse–chorus form</b>. Examples include: </p> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Shake,_Rattle_and_Roll" title="Shake, Rattle and Roll">Shake, Rattle, and Roll</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Big_Joe_Turner" title="Big Joe Turner">Big Joe Turner</a> (1954)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Louie,_Louie" class="mw-redirect" title="Louie, Louie">Louie, Louie</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Kingsmen" title="The Kingsmen">The Kingsmen</a> (1963 cover), example not using blues form<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/La_Bamba_(song)" title="La Bamba (song)">La Bamba</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Ritchie_Valens" title="Ritchie Valens">Ritchie Valens</a> (1959)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simple_verse_form">Simple verse form</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verse%E2%80%93chorus_form&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Simple verse form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Songs which feature only a repeated verse are in <b>simple verse form</b> (verse–chorus form without the chorus). Examples include: </p> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Evil_Ways_(Santana_song)" title="Evil Ways (Santana song)">Evil Ways</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Santana_(band)" title="Santana (band)">Santana</a> (1969)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a>-based songs which are not simple verse–chorus form (above), such as "<a href="/wiki/Heartbreak_Hotel" title="Heartbreak Hotel">Heartbreak Hotel</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Jailhouse_Rock_(song)" title="Jailhouse Rock (song)">Jailhouse Rock</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Hound_Dog_(song)" title="Hound Dog (song)">Hound Dog</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Lucille_(Little_Richard_song)" title="Lucille (Little Richard song)">Lucille</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>and with a contrasting bridge: </p> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Eight_Miles_High" title="Eight Miles High">Eight Miles High</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Byrds" title="The Byrds">The Byrds</a> (1966)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tomorrow_Never_Knows" title="Tomorrow Never Knows">Tomorrow Never Knows</a>" by The Beatles (1966)<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Purple_Haze" title="Purple Haze">Purple Haze</a>" by Jimi Hendrix (1967).<sup id="cite_ref-Covach_8-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Both simple verse–chorus form and simple verse form are <a href="/wiki/Strophic_form" title="Strophic form">strophic forms</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verse%E2%80%93chorus_form&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Song_structure" title="Song structure">Song structure</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verse%E2%80%93chorus_form&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">RMS 1 Census-Catalogue of Manuscript Sources of Polyphonic Music, 1400-1550, edited by Herbert Kellman and Charles Hamm in 5 Volumes. Vol. I A-J (Volume 1), <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Musicology" title="American Institute of Musicology">American Institute of Musicology</a>, Inc. (1 January 1979), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1595513116" title="Special:BookSources/1595513116">1595513116</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRalf_von_AppenMarkus_Frei-Hauenschild" class="citation web cs1">Ralf von Appen; Markus Frei-Hauenschild. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gfpm-samples.de/Samples13/appenfrei.pdf">"Aaba, Refrain, Chorus, Bridge, Prechorus — Song Forms and Their Historical Development"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.gfpm-samples.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gfpm-samples.de&rft.atitle=Aaba%2C+Refrain%2C+Chorus%2C+Bridge%2C+Prechorus+%E2%80%94+Song+Forms+and+Their+Historical+Development&rft.au=Ralf+von+Appen&rft.au=Markus+Frei-Hauenschild&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gfpm-samples.de%2FSamples13%2Fappenfrei.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVerse%E2%80%93chorus+form" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Life and Death of Tin Pan Alley, David Ewen, Funk & Wagnalls; First Edition (1 January 1964) <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000B8LYVU">B000B8LYVU</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Tin-Pan-Alley-musical-history">"Tin Pan Alley | musical history | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Tin+Pan+Alley+%26%23124%3B+musical+history+%26%23124%3B+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2FTin-Pan-Alley-musical-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVerse%E2%80%93chorus+form" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Campbell & James Brody (2007), <i>Rock and Roll: An Introduction</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RK-JmVbv4OIC&pg=PA117">page 117</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Covach, John. "Form in Rock Music: A Primer", p.71, in Stein, Deborah (2005). <i>Engaging Music: Essays in Music Analysis</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-517010-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-517010-5">0-19-517010-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtosmt.org/issues/mto.11.17.3/mto.11.17.3.doll.html">Doll, Christopher. "Rockin' Out: Expressive Modulation in Verse–Chorus Form", <i>Music Theory Online</i> 17/3 (2011), § 2.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Covach-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Covach_8-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Covach (2005), p.71–72</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="Riff">Riff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondo" title="Rondo">Rondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rond%C3%B2" title="Rondò">Rondò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_(music)" title="Section (music)">Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonata_form" title="Sonata form">Sonata form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonata_rondo_form" title="Sonata rondo form">Sonata rondo form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_structure" title="Song structure">Song structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strophic_form" title="Strophic form">Strophic form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternary_form" title="Ternary form">Ternary form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subject_(music)" title="Subject (music)">Theme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty-two-bar_form" title="Thirty-two-bar form">Thirty-two-bar form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Through-composed_music" title="Through-composed music">Through-composed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transition_(music)" title="Transition (music)">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variation_(music)" title="Variation (music)">Variation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Verse–chorus form</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-right:1.5em"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FClef.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="F (bass) clef symbol"><img alt="F (bass) clef symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/FClef.svg/40px-FClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/FClef.svg/60px-FClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/FClef.svg/80px-FClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Parts_of_a_song" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parts_of_a_song" title="Template:Parts of a song"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parts_of_a_song" title="Template talk:Parts of a song"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parts_of_a_song" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parts of a song"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parts_of_a_song" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Song_structure" title="Song structure">Parts of a song</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Verse–chorus form</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Introduction_(music)" title="Introduction (music)">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_structure#Verse" title="Song structure">Verse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-chorus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-chorus">Pre-chorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refrain" title="Refrain">Refrain/Chorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-chorus" title="Post-chorus">Post-chorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_(music)" title="Bridge (music)">Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_(music)" title="Solo (music)">Solo</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Guitar_solo" title="Guitar solo">Guitar</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Drum_solo" title="Drum solo">Drum</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_(music)" title="Break (music)">Break</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Breakdown_(music)" title="Breakdown (music)">Breakdown</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conclusion_(music)" title="Conclusion (music)">Outro</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/False_ending#Music" title="False ending">False ending</a></small></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SegnoTeken.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Segno"><img alt="Segno" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/SegnoTeken.svg/30px-SegnoTeken.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/SegnoTeken.svg/45px-SegnoTeken.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/SegnoTeken.svg/60px-SegnoTeken.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="29" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other musical elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassline" title="Bassline">Bassline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-melody" title="Counter-melody">Counter-melody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drone (music)">Drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop_(music)" title="Drop (music)">Drop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmony" title="Harmony">Harmony</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Vocal_harmony" title="Vocal harmony">Vocal harmony</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(music)" title="Hook (music)">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melody" title="Melody">Melody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostinato" title="Ostinato">Ostinato</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Loop_(music)" title="Loop (music)">Loop</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Ostinato#Riff" title="Ostinato">Riff</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm" title="Rhythm">Rhythm</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Groove_(music)" title="Groove (music)">Groove</a></small></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Verse–chorus_form&oldid=1232540153">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Verse–chorus_form&oldid=1232540153</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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