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href="/online-programs/data-science-programs">Data Science</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-2775 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/master-data-science">Master of Data Science (Online)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2066 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-diploma-data-science">Graduate Diploma in Data Science</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-2065 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-certificate-data-science">Graduate Certificate in Data Science</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-2126 level-2"><span class="nolink">Financial Technology</span><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-2131 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/master-financial-technology">Master of Financial Technology</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2151 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-diploma-financial-technology">Graduate Diploma in Financial Technology</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-2136 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-certificate-financial-technology">Graduate Certificate in Financial Technology</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-2386 level-2"><a href="/online-programs/human-resource-management-programs">Human Resource Management</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-2391 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/master-human-resource-management">Master of Human Resource Management</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2426 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/master-human-resource-management-diversity-equity-inclusion">Master of Human Resource Management (Diversity, Equity and Inclusion)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2416 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/master-human-resource-management-human-resource-analytics">Master of Human Resource Management (Human Resource Analytics)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2421 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/master-human-resource-management-leadership-organisational-development">Master of Human Resource Management (Leadership and Organisational Development)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2411 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-certificate-human-resource-management">Graduate Certificate in Human Resource Management</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2396 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-certificate-diversity-equity-inclusion">Graduate Certificate in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-2406 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-certificate-human-resource-analytics">Graduate Certificate in Human Resource Analytics</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-2401 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-certificate-leadership-organisational-development">Graduate Certificate in Leadership and Organisational Development</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-2456 level-2"><span class="nolink">Management</span><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-2206 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/master-management">Master of Management</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-2461 level-3"><a href="/online-programs/graduate-certificate-business">Graduate Certificate in Business</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></div></section></li> <li class="leaf menu-1368 level-1"><a href="/study-online">Studying online</a><section class="section"><div class="content"></div></section></li> <li class="last leaf menu-1345 level-1"><a href="/apply-now">Apply now</a><section class="section"><div class="content"></div></section></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <section id="block-block-21" class="block block-block contactbuttons enquire"> <div class="content"> <p id="phone" class="hide-desktop hide-tablet show-mobile"><a href="tel:1300 974 990"><span class="number hide-mobile">1300 974 990</span> </a></p> <p id="enquire"><a href="javascript:;" class="openenquire">Enquire now</a></p> </div> </section> </div> </nav> <div class="nav-panel mainmenu" id="nav-panel"></div> <div id="page_pagefeature" class="region region-pagefeature sub-region"> <div class="content"> <section 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id="enterpriseform" action="/postform.php?" method="post" class="enterpriseform qcf"> <div id="step1"> <div class="field-wrapper col-onequarter first" data-field-name="Courseid" data-field-type="select"> <label for="Courseid">I am interested in:</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <select name="Courseid" id="Courseid" title="Program" data-validate="required" data-placeholder="I'm interested in:" data-placeholder-alternate="I'm interested in:" tabindex="1"> <option value="">I am interested in</option> <optgroup label="Analytics"> <option value="81">Master of Analytics</option> <option value="81">Master of Analytics (Marketing)</option> <option value="81">Master of Analytics (Human Resource Analytics)</option> <option value="82">Graduate Diploma in Analytics</option> <option value="83">Graduate Certificate in Analytics</option> <option value="285">Graduate Certificate in Marketing Analytics</option> </optgroup> <optgroup label="Applied Finance"> <option value="184">Master of Applied Finance</option> <option value="183">Graduate Diploma in Applied Finance</option> <option value="182">Graduate Certificate in Applied Finance</option> </optgroup> <optgroup label="Cyber Security"> <option value="124">Master of Cyber Security</option> <option value="123">Graduate Diploma in Cyber Security</option> <option value="122">Graduate Certificate in Cyber Security</option> </optgroup> <optgroup label="Data Science"> <option value="84">Master of Data Science</option> <option value="85">Graduate Diploma in Data Science</option> <option value="86">Graduate Certificate in Data Science</option> </optgroup> <optgroup label="Financial Technology"> <option value="114">Master of Financial Technology</option> <option value="115">Graduate Diploma in Financial Technology</option> <option value="116">Graduate Certificate in Financial Technology</option> </optgroup> <optgroup label="Human Resource Management"> <option value="247">Master of Human Resource Management</option> <option value="247">Master of Human Resource Management (Diversity, Equity and Inclusion)</option> <option value="247">Master of Human Resource Management (Human Resource Analytics)</option> <option value="247">Master of Human Resource Management (Leadership and Organisational Development)</option> <option value="246">Graduate Certificate in Diversity, Equity and Inclusion</option> <option value="250">Graduate Certificate in Human Resource Analytics</option> <option value="249">Graduate Certificate in Human Resource Management</option> <option value="248">Graduate Certificate in Leadership and Organisational Development</option> </optgroup> <optgroup label="Management"> <option value="131">Master of Management</option> <option value="155">Graduate Certificate in Business</option> </optgroup> </select> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field-wrapper__firstname col-onequarter" data-field-name="firstname" data-field-type="text"> <label for="firstname">First name</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <input name="firstname" id="firstname" value="" placeholder="First name" title="First name" type="text" data-validate="required matchTitle matchPlaceholder" tabindex="2" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field-wrapper__lastname col-onequarter" data-field-name="lastname" data-field-type="text"> <label for="lastname">Last name</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <input name="lastname" id="lastname" value="" placeholder="Last name" title="Last name" type="text" data-validate="required matchTitle matchPlaceholder" tabindex="3" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field-wrapper-bachelordegree col-onequarter" data-field-name="bachelordegree" data-field-type="select" style="display:none;"> <label for="bachelordegree"> Do you have a Bachelor’s degree?</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <select name="bachelordegree" id="bachelordegree" title="please select bachelor degree" data-validate="required" data-placeholder="Do you have a Bachelor’s degree?"> <option value="">Do you have a Bachelor’s degree?</option> <option value="yes">Yes</option> <option value="no">No</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> <div class="steps btn-wrapper bottom col-onequarter last"> <a class="next tostep2" tabindex="4">Next Step</a> </div> <div class="steps bottom full"> <p class="circles"><span class="circle one active">1</span><span class="circle two">2</span><span class="circle three">3</span></p> </div> </div> <div id="step2"> <div class="field-wrapper col-onefifth first" data-field-name="startdate" data-field-type="select"> <label for="startdate">Desired start date</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <select data-placeholder="Desired start date:" data-placeholder-alternate="Desired start date" data-validate="required" id="startdate" name="startdate" title="Desired start date" tabindex="6"> <option value="">Desired start date</option> <option value="within 3 months">Within 3 months</option> <option value="within 6 months">Within 6 months</option> <option value="within 12 months">Within 12 months</option> <option value="12 months plus">12+ months</option> <option value="unsure">Unsure</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper col-onefifth" data-field-name="educationlevel" data-field-type="select"> <label for="highesteducation">Highest Level of Education</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <select data-validate="required" id="highesteducation" name="educationlevel" tabindex="7"><option value="">Highest Level of Education</option><option value="High school">High school</option><option value="Diploma">Diploma</option><option value="Bachelors degree">Bachelor's degree</option><option value="Postgraduate diploma">Postgraduate diploma</option><option value="Masters Degree">Masters or Higher</option></select> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper col-onefifth" data-field-name="workexperience" data-field-type="select"> <label for="workexperience">Relevant work experience</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <select data-placeholder="Relevant work experience:" data-placeholder-alternate="Select a Relevant work experience" data-validate="required" id="workexperience" name="workexperience" title="Relevant work experience" tabindex="8"> <option value="">Relevant work experience</option> <option value="Less than 5 years">Less than 5 years</option> <option value="Between 5 - 9 years">Between 5 - 9 years</option> <option value="More than 10 years">More than 10 years</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper col-onefifth" data-field-name="enquiryreason" data-field-type="select"> <label for="enquiryreason">Reason for enquiry</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <select data-placeholder="Reason for enquiry" data-placeholder-alternate="Select a Reason for enquiry" data-validate="required" id="enquiryreason" name="enquiryreason" title="Reason for enquiry" tabindex="8"> <option value="">Reason for enquiry</option> <option value="Researching options">Researching options</option> <option value="Looking for more information">Looking for more information</option> <option value="Need advice or assistance">Need advice or assistance</option> <option value="Ready to enrol">Ready to enrol</option> <option value="Other">Other</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> <div class="steps bottom col-onefifth last"> <a class="next tostep3" tabindex="4">Next Step</a> </div> <div class="steps bottom full"> <p class="circles"><span class="circle one backto1">1</span><span class="circle two active">2</span><span class="circle three">3</span></p> </div> </div> <div id="step3"> <div class="field-wrapper col-onequarter first" data-field-name="dayphone" data-field-type="tel"> <label for="dayphone">Phone</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <input name="dayphone" id="dayphone" value="" placeholder="Phone" title="Phone" type="tel" data-validate="required" tabindex="5" minlength="10" maxlength="10" /> </div> </div> <label id="dayphone-error-msg" for="dayphone" class="error" style="display: none;">Please enter a valid phone number.</label> </div> <div class="field-wrapper col-onequarter" data-field-name="email" data-field-type="email"> <label for="email">Email</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <input name="email" id="email" value="" placeholder="Email" title="Email" type="email" data-validate="required email" tabindex="6" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper col-onequarter" data-field-name="Country" data-field-type="select"> <label for="country">Country</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <select name="country" id="country" title="Country" data-validate="required" data-placeholder="Select a Location First" data-placeholder-alternate="Select a Location First" tabindex="7"> <option value="">Country</option> <optgroup label="Domestic"> <option value="AU">Australia</option> </optgroup> <optgroup label="International"> <option value="AF">Afghanistan</option> <option value="ALA">Aland Islands</option> <option value="AL">Albania</option> <option value="DZ">Algeria</option> <option value="AS">American Samoa</option> <option value="AD">Andorra</option> <option value="AGO">Angola</option> <option value="AI">Anguilla</option> <option value="AQ">Antarctica</option> <option value="AG">Antigua and Barbuda</option> <option value="AR">Argentina</option> <option value="AM">Armenia</option> <option value="ABW">Aruba</option> <option value="AT">Austria</option> <option value="AZ">Azerbaijan</option> <option value="BHS">Bahamas</option> <option value="BH">Bahrain</option> <option value="BD">Bangladesh</option> <option value="BB">Barbados</option> <option value="BLR">Belarus</option> <option value="BE">Belgium</option> <option value="BLZ">Belize</option> <option value="BEN">Benin</option> <option value="BM">Bermuda</option> <option value="BT">Bhutan</option> <option value="BO">Bolivia, Plurinational State of</option> <option value="BES">Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba</option> <option value="BA">Bosnia and Herzegovina</option> <option value="BW">Botswana</option> <option value="BV">Bouvet Island</option> <option value="BR">Brazil</option> <option value="IO">British Indian Ocean Territory</option> <option value="BN">Brunei Darussalam</option> <option value="BG">Bulgaria</option> <option value="BF">Burkina Faso</option> <option value="BDI">Burundi</option> <option value="CPV">Cabo Verde</option> <option value="KH">Cambodia</option> <option value="CM">Cameroon</option> <option value="CA">Canada</option> <option value="CYM">Cayman Islands</option> <option value="CAF">Central African Republic</option> <option value="TCD">Chad</option> <option value="CHL">Chile</option> <option value="CHN">China</option> <option value="CX">Christmas Island</option> <option value="CC">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</option> <option value="CI">Colombia</option> <option value="COM">Comoros</option> <option value="CG">Congo</option> <option value="CD">Congo, the Democratic Republic of the</option> <option value="CK">Cook Islands</option> <option value="CR">Costa Rica</option> <option value="HR">Croatia</option> <option value="CU">Cuba</option> <option value="CUW">Curaçao</option> <option value="CY">Cyprus</option> <option value="CZ">Czech Republic</option> <option value="DK">Denmark</option> <option value="DJ">Djibouti</option> <option value="DM">Dominica</option> <option value="DO">Dominican Republic</option> <option value="EC">Ecuador</option> <option value="EG">Egypt</option> <option value="SLV">El Salvador</option> <option value="GNQ">Equatorial Guinea</option> <option value="ER">Eritrea</option> <option value="EE">Estonia</option> <option value="ET">Ethiopia</option> <option value="FK">Falkland Islands (Malvinas)</option> <option value="FO">Faroe Islands</option> <option value="FJ">Fiji</option> <option value="FI">Finland</option> <option value="FR">France</option> <option value="GF">French Guiana</option> <option value="PF">French Polynesia</option> <option value="ATF">French Southern Territories</option> <option value="GA">Gabon</option> <option value="GM">Gambia</option> <option value="GE">Georgia</option> <option value="DE">Germany</option> <option value="GH">Ghana</option> <option value="GI">Gibraltar</option> <option value="GR">Greece</option> <option value="GL">Greenland</option> <option value="GD">Grenada</option> <option value="GLP">Guadeloupe</option> <option value="GU">Guam</option> <option value="GT">Guatemala</option> <option value="GG">Guernsey</option> <option value="GIN">Guinea</option> <option value="GNB">Guinea-Bissau</option> <option value="GUY">Guyana</option> <option value="HT">Haiti</option> <option value="HM">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</option> <option value="VA">Holy See (Vatican City State)</option> <option value="HN">Honduras</option> <option value="HK">Hong Kong</option> <option value="HU">Hungary</option> <option value="IS">Iceland</option> <option value="IN">India</option> <option value="ID">Indonesia</option> <option value="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</option> <option value="IQ">Iraq</option> <option value="IE">Ireland</option> <option value="IM">Isle of Man</option> <option value="IL">Israel</option> <option value="IT">Italy</option> <option value="CIV">Ivory Coast</option> <option value="JAM">Jamaica</option> <option value="JP">Japan</option> <option value="JE">Jersey</option> <option value="JO">Jordan</option> <option value="KAZ">Kazakhstan</option> <option value="KE">Kenya</option> <option value="KI">Kiribati</option> <option value="KW">Kuwait</option> <option value="KG">Kyrgyzstan</option> <option value="LA">Lao People's Democratic Republic</option> <option value="LV">Latvia</option> <option value="LB">Lebanon</option> <option value="LS">Lesotho</option> <option value="LBR">Liberia</option> <option value="LBY">Libya</option> <option value="LI">Liechtenstein</option> <option value="LT">Lithuania</option> <option value="LU">Luxembourg</option> <option value="MAC">Macao</option> <option value="MK">Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of</option> <option value="MDG">Madagascar</option> <option value="MY">Malaysia</option> <option value="MW">Malawi</option> <option value="MDV">Maldives</option> <option value="ML">Mali</option> <option value="MLT">Malta</option> <option value="MH">Marshall Islands</option> <option value="MQ">Martinique</option> <option value="MR">Mauritania</option> <option value="MU">Mauritius</option> <option value="MYT">Mayotte</option> <option value="MEX">Mexico</option> <option value="FM">Micronesia, Federated States of</option> <option value="MD">Moldova, Republic of</option> <option value="MC">Monaco</option> <option value="MN">Mongolia</option> <option value="ME">Montenegro</option> <option value="MS">Montserrat</option> <option value="MA">Morocco</option> <option value="MOZ">Mozambique</option> <option value="MM">Myanmar</option> <option value="NA">Namibia</option> <option value="NR">Nauru</option> <option value="NP">Nepal</option> <option value="NL">Netherlands</option> <option value="NC">New Caledonia</option> <option value="NZ">New Zealand</option> <option value="NI">Nicaragua</option> <option value="NE">Niger</option> <option value="NG">Nigeria</option> <option value="NIU">Niue</option> <option value="NF">Norfolk Island</option> <option value="KP">North Korea</option> <option value="MNP">Northern Mariana Islands</option> <option value="NO">Norway</option> <option value="OM">Oman</option> <option value="PAK">Pakistan</option> <option value="PLW">Palau</option> <option value="PS">Palestine, State of</option> <option value="PA">Panama</option> <option value="PG">Papua New Guinea</option> <option value="PRY">Paraguay</option> <option value="PE">Peru</option> <option value="PH">Philippines</option> <option value="PCN">Pitcairn</option> <option value="PL">Poland</option> <option value="PRT">Portugal</option> <option value="PR">Puerto Rico</option> <option value="QA">Qatar</option> <option value="RE">Reunion !Réunion</option> <option value="RO">Romania</option> <option value="RU">Russian Federation</option> <option value="RW">Rwanda</option> <option value="BL">Saint Barthélemy</option> <option value="SH">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</option> <option value="KN">Saint Kitts and Nevis</option> <option value="LC">Saint Lucia</option> <option value="MAF">Saint Martin (French part)</option> <option value="PM">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option> <option value="VC">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</option> <option value="WS">Samoa</option> <option value="SM">San Marino</option> <option value="ST">Sao Tome and Principe</option> <option value="SA">Saudi Arabia</option> <option value="SEN">Senegal</option> <option value="RS">Serbia</option> <option value="SC">Seychelles</option> <option value="SL">Sierra Leone</option> <option value="SG">Singapore</option> <option value="SX">Sint Maarten (Dutch part)</option> <option value="SK">Slovakia</option> <option value="SI">Slovenia</option> <option value="SB">Solomon Islands</option> <option value="SO">Somalia</option> <option value="ZA">South Africa</option> <option value="GS">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</option> <option value="KOR">South Korea</option> <option value="SS">South Sudan</option> <option value="ES">Spain</option> <option value="LK">Sri Lanka</option> <option value="SD">Sudan</option> <option value="SR">Suriname</option> <option value="SJ">Svalbard and Jan Mayen</option> <option value="SWZ">Swaziland</option> <option value="SE">Sweden</option> <option value="CH">Switzerland</option> <option value="SY">Syrian Arab Republic</option> <option value="TW">Taiwan, Province of China</option> <option value="TJ">Tajikistan</option> <option value="TZ">Tanzania, United Republic of</option> <option value="TH">Thailand</option> <option value="TL">Timor-Leste</option> <option value="TG">Togo</option> <option value="TK">Tokelau</option> <option value="TO">Tonga</option> <option value="TT">Trinidad and Tobago</option> <option value="TN">Tunisia</option> <option value="TR">Turkey</option> <option value="TKM">Turkmenistan</option> <option value="TC">Turks and Caicos Islands</option> <option value="TUV">Tuvalu</option> <option value="UG">Uganda</option> <option value="UA">Ukraine</option> <option value="AE">United Arab Emirates</option> <option value="GB">United Kingdom</option> <option value="UM">United States Minor Outlying Islands</option> <option value="U.S.A">United States of America</option> <option value="URY">Uruguay</option> <option value="UZ">Uzbekistan</option> <option value="VU">Vanuatu</option> <option value="VE">Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of</option> <option value="VN">Vietnam</option> <option value="VG">Virgin Islands, British</option> <option value="VI">Virgin Islands, U.S.</option> <option value="WF">Wallis and Futuna</option> <option value="EH">Western Sahara</option> <option value="YE">Yemen</option> <option value="ZM">Zambia</option> <option value="ZW">Zimbabwe</option> </optgroup> </select> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper col-onequarter hide" data-field-name="postalcode" data-field-type="tel"> <label for="postalcode">Postcode</label> <div class="field"> <div class="inner"> <input name="postalcode" id="postalcode" value="" placeholder="Postal Code" title="Postal Code" type="tel" data-validate="required" pattern=".{4,4}" minlength="4" maxlength="4" tabindex="8" /> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="steps bottom col-onequarter last"> <button name="submit" id="submit" title="" type="submit" tabindex="9"><span class="button-download">Download</span></button> </div> <div class="steps bottom full">  <p class="circles"><span class="circle one backto1">1</span><span class="circle two backto2">2</span><span class="circle three active">3</span></p> </div> </div> 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However, like oil, the proliferation of data comes with a pressing concern: data ethics. Data ethics refers to the moral considerations surrounding data collection, analysis and use.</p> <p>In Australia, companies are increasingly collecting and using data as part of their regular operations. However, this fact is concerning to most Australians. Recent research shows that a whopping 84 per cent of Australians want more control over their data, citing data breaches as <a href="https://www.oaic.gov.au/newsroom/data-breaches-seen-as-number-one-privacy-concern-survey-shows" target="_blank">their number one privacy concern</a>.</p> <p>It’s critical to understand the guiding principles behind the ethics of data collection and use, as well as data’s significance in contemporary society.</p> <p>In this article, we’ll dive into what <a href="//studyonline.unsw.edu.au/online-programs/master-data-science" target="_blank">aspiring data professionals</a> need to know about the landscape of data ethics in Australia, including data ethics frameworks and examples of ethical data practices across different sectors.</p> <h2>What are data ethics?</h2> <p>Data ethics refers to the moral principles and guidelines that govern the ethics of data collection, processing and use. In particular, they address the ethical considerations arising from the increasingly pervasive role of data in various aspects of modern life.</p> <p>Data ethics encompass a broad range of concerns, including privacy, consent, transparency, fairness and accountability. This involves balancing the potential benefits of data use with the protection of individual rights and societal values.</p> <p>Key aspects of data ethics include:</p> <ul> <li>respecting individual rights to privacy and autonomy</li> <li>obtaining informed consent for data collection and use</li> <li>being transparent about data practices </li> <li>mitigating the risk of harm or discrimination</li> </ul> <p>At its core, data ethics provide guidelines for navigating the dilemmas posed by data collection, analysis and dissemination in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. They aim to ensure that data-driven practices are conducted in a responsible and socially beneficial manner. They emphasise the importance of upholding ethical standards to promote trust, fairness and integrity in data-driven decision-making processes.</p> <h2>Why are data ethics important?</h2> <p>Data ethics have been becoming <a href="https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/ca/Documents/EN_DataEthics_POV_AODA.pdf" target="_blank">increasingly important</a> in Australia in recent years.</p> <p>Big data ethics can be especially critical due to the scale, scope and potential impact of data-driven processes. The term ‘big data’ goes beyond simply more of the same information. It refers to vast data sets collected from diverse sources, often characterised by three key attributes: high volume, velocity and variety.</p> <p>Typically, big data is mixed, unstructured and accumulating so rapidly that normal data manipulation techniques (such as Microsoft Excel or SAP Crystal Reports) can’t make sense of it.</p> <p>Here are five reasons why data ethics are so important in the ethical collection of data and the use of big data.</p> <h3>1. Protection of individual rights</h3> <p>Big data often involves the collection and analysis of massive amounts of personal information. Without robust ethical guidelines, there’s a risk of <a href="https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/data-ethics-what-it-means-and-what-it-takes" target="_blank">infringing upon individual rights to privacy</a>, autonomy and dignity. Ethical data practices ensure that individuals have control over their data and are protected from potential misuse or abuse.</p> <h3>2. Mitigation of bias and discrimination</h3> <p>Data analytics can <a href="https://www.multitudes.co/blog/data-ethics-and-mitigating-algorithmic-bias" target="_blank">inadvertently perpetuate biases</a> and reinforce existing inequalities in big data and general data collection. Unethical data practices, such as biased algorithms or discriminatory profiling, may result in unfair treatment or discrimination against certain groups.</p> <p>By adhering to ethical principles, organisations can mitigate bias, promote fairness and strive for equitable outcomes in data-driven decision-making processes.</p> <h3>3. Enhancement of trust and transparency</h3> <p>Trust is paramount in the use of all data, mainly when it involves sensitive information or significant decisions. Ethical data practices, such as transparency in data collection methods and clear communication of data use policies, foster trust between data providers, data users and the broader community.</p> <p>Transparency builds confidence in data processes and ensures accountability for the consequences of data-driven decisions.</p> <h3>4. Safeguarding against harm</h3> <p>Data has the potential to generate significant societal benefits, but it also carries inherent risks. Ethical data practices help mitigate the risks of harm, including privacy breaches, identity theft or unintended consequences of data analysis.</p> <p>By prioritising ethical considerations, organisations can proactively identify and address potential risks, thereby safeguarding individuals and communities from harm.</p> <h3>5. Promoting social responsibility</h3> <p>In an increasingly interconnected world, the ethical use of data extends beyond individual organisations to encompass broader societal impacts. Ethical data practices <a href="https://dataethics.eu/data-ethics-as-part-of-corporate-social-responsibility/" target="_blank">promote social responsibility</a> by considering the broader implications of data-driven decisions on diverse stakeholders, communities and society.</p> <p>By aligning data practices with ethical principles, organisations can contribute to positive social outcomes and sustainable development.</p> <h2>Principles of ethical data collection and management</h2> <p>Ethical data management, including big data ethics, is guided by a set of principles aimed at ensuring the responsible and respectful handling of data. These principles are aspirational; at this point, they aren’t enforceable and many organisations choose not to follow them.</p> <p>These principles help organisations navigate the complex landscape of data use while upholding individual rights, promoting fairness and fostering trust. Here are the key principles of ethical data management.</p> <h3>Consent</h3> <p>Consent says that organisations should seek explicit permission from individuals before collecting their personal data. <a href="https://www.soma.com.au/blog/ethical-data-collection-and-privacy-protection/" target="_blank">Consent should be informed</a>, freely given and revocable, empowering individuals to control their data and its use.</p> <h3>Fairness</h3> <p>Fairness means that data should be used in ways that don’t perpetuate biases, discriminate or cause harm. Ethical data management strives to ensure equitable treatment for all individuals and mitigate the risks of bias in data-driven decision-making processes.</p> <h3>Intention</h3> <p>Organisations should have good intentions regarding data use. Their data use should serve societal interests and not disadvantage individuals. In practice, a considerable amount of data is used for purposes that don’t necessarily serve higher interests – for example, to target potential users of products and services.</p> <p>Ethical data management entails aligning data practices with societal values and prioritising the common good over individual interests or organisational goals.</p> <h3>Integrity</h3> <p>Organisations should act with integrity when collecting data; that is, they should ensure that the data they collect is accurate and reliable. Ethical data management prohibits the misrepresentation of facts or the use of data to justify unethical decisions. Maintaining data integrity is essential for building trust and credibility in data-driven processes.</p> <h3>Stewardship</h3> <p>Stewardship means data collection and management should occur in a protected and secure environment. Ethical data management emphasises the importance of safeguarding data against unauthorised access, disclosure or misuse, thereby preserving data’s confidentiality, integrity and availability.</p> <p><img alt="Five critical considerations in data use." style="width: 800px; height: 532px;" class="b-lazy" data-src="/sites/default/files/5-principles-ethical-data-management-enhanced.jpeg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /></p> <h2>Unethical data use</h2> <p>Despite a proliferation of principles, best practices and attempts at governance, data isn’t always managed to a high standard.</p> <p>Unethical data practices can lead to many dire consequences and it’s important to understand the risks as well as examine some examples of unethical data use.</p> <h3>Risks of unethical data use</h3> <p>The consequences of unethical data practices can be profound, posing risks to individuals, organisations and society. Below are examples of unethical data use.</p> <h4>Privacy violations</h4> <p>Unauthorised data collection or sharing can compromise individual privacy, leading to breaches of confidentiality and potential harm.</p> <h4>Discriminatory algorithms</h4> <p>Biased algorithms or discriminatory data practices can perpetuate inequality, exacerbating disparities in access, opportunity and treatment.</p> <h4>Surveillance capitalism</h4> <p>Tech companies’ exploitive data practices can result in the commodification of personal data, fueling surveillance capitalism and eroding democratic norms.</p> <h4>Manipulative marketing</h4> <p>Unethical data-driven marketing techniques, such as microtargeting or psychological profiling, can manipulate consumer behaviour and undermine autonomy.</p> <h4>Social manipulation</h4> <p>Malicious actors may exploit data for social manipulation, spreading misinformation, polarising discourse or influencing elections.</p> <h3>Examples of unethical data use</h3> <p>Unfortunately, there are examples of unethical data use every day. Unethical data use represents a breach of trust and privacy with significant implications for individuals and society. Several prominent examples highlight the risks and consequences associated with unethical data practices.</p> <h4>Facebook and Cambridge Analytica</h4> <p>In 2018, Cambridge Analytica <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/04/us/politics/cambridge-analytica-scandal-fallout.html" target="_blank">infamously obtained data</a> from 87 million Facebook users without their consent, exploiting it for political profiling and targeting. This example showcases the dangers of unauthorised data access and misuse.</p> <h4>Twitter</h4> <p>In 2019, Twitter admitted that it had <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/10/08/twitter-says-users-phone-numbers-provided-security-inadvertently-used-ad-purposes/" target="_blank">provided advertisers access</a> to users’ personal data, including their phone numbers and email addresses, without proper consent, raising concerns about privacy violations and exploitation for commercial purposes.</p> <h4>Google</h4> <p>In 2020, Google faced <a href="https://www.thedrum.com/news/2022/11/15/googles-400m-penalty-the-impact-the-5-heftiest-data-privacy-fines-2023-ad-plans" target="_blank">regulatory scrutiny and fines</a> for unlawfully sharing user location data with advertisers, highlighting the risks of data misuse and privacy breaches within tech giants.</p> <h4>Uber</h4> <p>Until 2014, <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2014/11/19/7245447/uber-allegedly-tracked-journalist-with-internal-tool-called-god-view" target="_blank">Uber’s God View</a> tool allowed employees to track the real-time locations of riders without their explicit consent, compromising user privacy and trust in the company’s data handling practices.</p> <h4>Morgan Stanley</h4> <p>In 2015, a Morgan Stanley <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN0RL229/" target="_blank">financial adviser pleaded guilty</a> to attempting to steal data from 730,000 clients for the benefit of a competitor, underscoring the risks of insider data breaches and corporate espionage.</p> <p><img alt="Five instances when organisations failed to use data ethically." style="width: 800px; height: 531px;" class="b-lazy" data-src="/sites/default/files/5-examples-data-misuse-enhanced.jpeg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /></p> <h2>Data ethics in Australia</h2> <p>Australia, like many other countries, <a href="https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/governments-lack-ethics-controls-for-data-20230517-p5d8zz" target="_blank">grapples with the challenges</a> and complexities of data ethics in the digital era. While the country has made strides in data regulation and governance, notable issues and concerns persist.</p> <h3>Data ethics Australia: Historical context and current state</h3> <p>Historically, Australia has implemented various legislative and regulatory measures to address data privacy and security concerns. The <a href="https://www.legislation.gov.au/C2004A03712/latest/versions" target="_blank">Privacy Act of 1988</a> serves as the cornerstone of data protection legislation, outlining the principles for the fair handling of personal information by private and public sector entities.</p> <p>Despite regulatory efforts, Australia has faced persistent challenges in balancing data innovation with privacy protection. High-profile data breaches, such as the <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/d3310114.nsf/Home/Assuring+Census+Data+Quality" target="_blank">2016 Census incident</a> and the 2018 Facebook-Cambridge Analytica scandal, have underscored the need for stronger data ethics frameworks and enforcement mechanisms.</p> <p>In response to growing concerns, Australia has taken steps to strengthen data governance and promote ethical data practices. Initiatives such as <a href="https://www.cdr.gov.au/" target="_blank">Consumer Data Right (CDR)</a> aim to empower individuals with greater control over their data and facilitate data sharing in regulated sectors, such as banking and telecommunications.</p> <p>The Australian government has also <a href="https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/australias-artificial-intelligence-ethics-framework/australias-ai-ethics-principles" target="_blank">released guidelines on artificial intelligence</a> (AI) ethics, emphasising transparency, fairness and accountability in AI development and deployment.</p> <p>Despite progress, challenges persist, including the need for enhanced data transparency, accountability and cross-sectoral collaboration. As Australia navigates the evolving data landscape, addressing these challenges will be essential to fostering public trust, promoting innovation, and ensuring responsible and ethical use of data across diverse sectors and industries.</p> <h3>Data ethics examples in Australia</h3> <p>Across diverse industries and domains, Australian organisations are pioneering ethical data practices and setting precedents for responsible data stewardship. Here are several notable examples of data ethics in Australia.</p> <h4>Health care</h4> <p>The Royal Children’s Hospital in Melbourne <a href="https://www.rch.org.au/ethics/" target="_blank">adheres to ethical guidelines</a> for paediatric data research, prioritising patient privacy, consent and data security. By upholding ethical standards, the hospital advances medical knowledge and improves treatment outcomes while safeguarding patient rights.</p> <h4>Finance</h4> <p>The Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CommBank) <a href="https://www.commbank.com.au/articles/business/foresight/key-principles-ethical-ai-framework.html" target="_blank">employs ethical AI algorithms</a> to combat financial fraud. By doing so, the bank uses AI in a way that ensures transparency and customer trust in its data-driven risk management practices.</p> <p>By prioritising ethical considerations, the bank enhances security and integrity in financial transactions while maintaining customer confidence.</p> <h4>Education</h4> <p>Education departments in Australia, such as the Queensland Department of Education, have developed <a href="https://education.qld.gov.au/initiativesstrategies/Documents/data-literacy-framework.PDF" target="_blank">data literacy and decision-making</a> frameworks to support student wellbeing and learning. These highlight the importance and benefits of data in education, as well as best practice guidelines for ethical data use.</p> <h4>Government</h4> <p>The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/about/data-services/data-confidentiality-guide" target="_blank">upholds ethical data principles</a> in its data collection and dissemination activities. These principles promote transparency, integrity and public trust in official statistics.</p> <p>By adhering to ethical standards, the ABS enhances data quality and reliability for informed decision-making.</p> <h4>Tech industry</h4> <p>Atlassian, an Australian software company, integrates <a href="https://www.atlassian.com/company/corporate-social-responsibility/human-rights-statement" target="_blank">ethics into its AI development processes</a>. This process helps ensure fairness, accountability and transparency in algorithmic decision-making.</p> <p>By prioritising ethical AI practices, Atlassian promotes responsible innovation and builds trust with customers and stakeholders.</p> <h2>Data ethics framework</h2> <p>Beyond the principles that govern data ethics, a robust <a href="https://atlan.com/data-ethics-101/" target="_blank">data ethics framework</a> that governs ethical data collection and use is essential to ensure that data-driven practices adhere to ethical principles, respect individual rights and promote societal well-being. While principles are aspirational ideals that experts believe organisations should adhere to, a framework is a more concrete set of rules that <a href="https://lawcouncil.au/publicassets/afebc52d-afa6-e911-93fe-005056be13b5/3639%20-%20AI%20ethics.pdf" target="_blank">may be enforceable in the future</a>.</p> <p>Such a framework should encompass several key elements to guide organisations in navigating the complex landscape of data ethics.</p> <h3>Transparency</h3> <p>Organisations should always be transparent about their data collection processes, purposes and methods.</p> <p>Clear and accessible information should be provided to individuals regarding what data is being collected, how it’ll be used and who’ll have access to it. Transparency fosters trust and empowers individuals to make informed decisions about their data.</p> <p>Organisations should also provide mechanisms for individuals to withdraw their consent easily at any time.</p> <h3>Purpose limitation</h3> <p>Data should be collected and used only for legitimate purposes and not further processed in a manner incompatible with those purposes. Organisations should clearly define the purposes for which data is collected and ensure that data use aligns with those purposes.</p> <h3>Data minimisation</h3> <p>Organisations should collect and retain only the minimum data necessary for the intended purpose. Data minimisation helps reduce privacy risks and mitigates potential misuse or unauthorised access. Unnecessary or sensitive data should be avoided unless there’s a clear justification for its collection.</p> <h3>Security</h3> <p>Organisations have a responsibility to implement appropriate measures to protect data against unauthorised actions, including access, alteration, destruction or disclosure. This includes encryption, access controls, regular security audits and employee training on data security best practices.</p> <p>Organisations should also anonymise data to protect individual privacy. This is especially relevant when data is disseminated publicly or shared widely.</p> <h3>Accuracy and quality</h3> <p>Organisations should strive to maintain the accuracy, completeness and reliability of data throughout its life cycle. Data should be kept up to date and free from errors or inconsistencies to ensure that decisions based on the data are reliable and trustworthy.</p> <h3>Accountability</h3> <p>Organisations should establish mechanisms for accountability and oversight to ensure compliance with ethical data practices. This includes designating responsibility for data governance, conducting regular audits and providing avenues for individuals to address concerns or complaints about data use.</p> <h2>Data ethics: Critical for everyone’s future</h2> <p>Data ethics constitute a foundational pillar of responsible data governance, encompassing principles of transparency, fairness, privacy, consent and accountability.</p> <p>As data-driven technologies continue to reshape society, the imperative for ethical data practices becomes increasingly pronounced.</p> <p>By embracing ethical frameworks, fostering a culture of responsibility and showcasing exemplars of ethical data stewardship, organisations and data professionals can ensure that data is used in the right way, now and in the future.</p> <p>If you’re considering a <a href="//studyonline.unsw.edu.au/blog/how-to-become-a-data-scientist" target="_blank">career in data science</a>, UNSW's online <a href="//studyonline.unsw.edu.au/online-programs/master-data-science" target="_blank">Master of Data Science</a> provides an excellent path forward. Depending on your interests and goals, you can specialise in areas such as machine learning, database systems, or statistics.</p> <p>Gain insights into the thriving world of data science by speaking with one of our enrolment advisors at 1300 974 990.</p></div></div></div><div class="field-collection-container clearfix"> </div><ul class="flippy"> <li class="prev"> <a href="/blog/women-in-finance" title=""></a> </li> <li class="next"> <a href="/blog/what-is-iot" title=""></a> </li> </ul> </div> <footer> <address class="authorbio"> <div class="user-info"> <div class="user-name">by <span rel="author">Thirumagal Sathasevam</span></div> <div class="user-bio"></div> </div> </address> </footer> </article> </div> </div> <aside id="page_content_sidebar_lower" class="region region-content-sidebar-lower region-content-sidebar sub-region"> <section id="block-multiblock-4" class="block block-multiblock blogcats bdk-ltgray"> <header> Categories </header> <div class="content"> <div class="view view-blog-categories view-id-blog_categories view-display-id-block view-dom-id-14aa82eeeee0adc660c1aad9f39bdf0b"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/analytics">Analytics</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/applied-finance">Applied Finance</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/cyber-security">Cyber Security</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-4 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/data-science">Data Science</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-5 views-row-odd"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/financial-technology">Financial Technology</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-6 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/human-resource-management">Human Resource Management</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-7 views-row-odd"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/management">Management</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-8 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/marketing-analytics">Marketing Analytics</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-9 views-row-odd views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-name"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/category/unsw-online-study">UNSW Online Study</a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </aside> </div> </main> <div id="page_lower" class="region region-lower super-region"> <div class="content"> <section id="block-bean-ready-to-get-started" class="block block-bean advisor wborder"> <header> Ready to get started? </header> <div class="content"> <div class="entity entity-bean bean-custom-block clearfix" about="/block/ready-to-get-started" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-content field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p><img alt="" class="b-lazy" data-src="/sites/default/files/icon-support.svg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /></p> <h2>Speak to an Enrolment Advisor</h2> <p>Investing in the right program for you is important to us and we’re here to help. 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