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อักษรไทย - วิกิพีเดีย

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id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="หน้าตา" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">หน้าตา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&amp;returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&amp;returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&amp;returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&amp;returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ประวัติและวิวัฒนาการ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ประวัติและวิวัฒนาการ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ประวัติและวิวัฒนาการ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ประวัติและวิวัฒนาการ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-อักษรไทย" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อักษรไทย"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>อักษรไทย</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-อักษรไทย-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle อักษรไทย subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-อักษรไทย-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-พยัญชนะ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#พยัญชนะ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>พยัญชนะ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-พยัญชนะ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-สระ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#สระ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>สระ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-สระ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-วรรณยุกต์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#วรรณยุกต์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>วรรณยุกต์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-วรรณยุกต์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-รูปวรรณยุกต์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#รูปวรรณยุกต์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>รูปวรรณยุกต์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-รูปวรรณยุกต์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-การผันเสียงวรรณยุกต์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#การผันเสียงวรรณยุกต์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>การผันเสียงวรรณยุกต์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-การผันเสียงวรรณยุกต์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ตัวเลข" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ตัวเลข"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>ตัวเลข</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ตัวเลข-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-รหัสยูนิโคดสำหรับอักษรไทย" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#รหัสยูนิโคดสำหรับอักษรไทย"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>รหัสยูนิโคดสำหรับอักษรไทย</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-รหัสยูนิโคดสำหรับอักษรไทย-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ดูเพิ่ม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>ดูเพิ่ม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">อักษรไทย</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 51 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="الخط التايلندي – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الخط التايلندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetu_tailand%C3%A9s" title="Alfabetu tailandés – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alfabetu tailandés" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tay_%C9%99lifbas%C4%B1" title="Tay əlifbası – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tay əlifbası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iskriturang_Thai" title="Iskriturang Thai – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Iskriturang Thai" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Тайска писменост – บัลแกเรีย" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тайска писменост" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="บัลแกเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF" title="থাই লিপি – บังกลา" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="থাই লিপি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="บังกลา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skritur_taiek" title="Skritur taiek – เบรตัน" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skritur taiek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="เบรตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet_tai" title="Alfabet tai – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alfabet tai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thajsk%C3%A9_p%C3%ADsmo" title="Thajské písmo – เช็ก" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Thajské písmo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="เช็ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thail%C3%A4ndische_Schrift" title="Thailändische Schrift – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thailändische Schrift" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_script" title="Thai script – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Thai script" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_tailand%C3%A9s" title="Alfabeto tailandés – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfabeto tailandés" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tai_kiri" title="Tai kiri – เอสโตเนีย" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tai kiri" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="เอสโตเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="الفبای تای – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الفبای تای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailainen_kirjaimisto" title="Thailainen kirjaimisto – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Thailainen kirjaimisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_tha%C3%AF" title="Alphasyllabaire thaï – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alphasyllabaire thaï" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_skraft" title="Thai skraft – ฟริเซียนเหนือ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Thai skraft" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนเหนือ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF" title="थाई लिपि – ฮินดี" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="थाई लिपि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ฮินดี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" title="Thai írás – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Thai írás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Thai" title="Aksara Thai – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aksara Thai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C3%ADlenskt_letur" title="Taílenskt letur – ไอซ์แลนด์" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Taílenskt letur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ไอซ์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_thailandese" title="Alfabeto thailandese – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfabeto thailandese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="タイ文字 – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タイ文字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Thai" title="Aksara Thai – ชวา" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Aksara Thai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ชวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Thai" title="Aksara Thai – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Aksara Thai" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%90%E1%9F%83" title="អក្សរថៃ – เขมร" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អក្សរថៃ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="เขมร" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B4_%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90" title="타이 문자 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="타이 문자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeta_tai" title="Alfabeta tai – ลิงกัวฟรังกาโนวา" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfabeta tai" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="ลิงกัวฟรังกาโนวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%97" title="ອັກສອນໄທ – ลาว" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອັກສອນໄທ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="ลาว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taj%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Tajų raštas – ลิทัวเนีย" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tajų raštas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ลิทัวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Тајландско писмо – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тајландско писмо" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abjad_Thai" title="Abjad Thai – มาเลย์" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abjad Thai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="มาเลย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC" title="ထိုင်းအက္ခရာ – พม่า" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ထိုင်းအက္ခရာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="พม่า" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thais_schrift" title="Thais schrift – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Thais schrift" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai-skrift" title="Thai-skrift – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Thai-skrift" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismo_tajskie" title="Pismo tajskie – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pismo tajskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="تھائی لپی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تھائی لپی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_tailand%C3%AAs" title="Alfabeto tailandês – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfabeto tailandês" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabetul_thai" title="Alfabetul thai – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alfabetul thai" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Тайское письмо – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тайское письмо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_script" title="Thai script – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Thai script" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thajsk%C3%A9_p%C3%ADsmo" title="Thajské písmo – สโลวัก" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Thajské písmo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="สโลวัก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thail%C3%A4ndska_alfabetet" title="Thailändska alfabetet – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Thailändska alfabetet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%A3" title="Ҳуруфи таиландӣ – ทาจิก" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳуруфи таиландӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ทาจิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tay_alfabesi" title="Tay alfabesi – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tay alfabesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тайська абетка – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тайська абетка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_ch%E1%BB%AF_c%C3%A1i_Th%C3%A1i" title="Bảng chữ cái Thái – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bảng chữ cái Thái" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%96%87" title="泰文 – จีนอู๋" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="泰文" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="จีนอู๋" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%96%87" title="泰文 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="泰文" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0i-kok-j%C4%AB" title="Thài-kok-jī – จีนมินหนาน" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thài-kok-jī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="จีนมินหนาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="泰文字 – กวางตุ้ง" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="泰文字" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="กวางตุ้ง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q236376#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="ดูหน้าเนื้อหา [c]" accesskey="c"><span>บทความ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" rel="discussion" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับหน้าเนื้อหา [t]" accesskey="t"><span>อภิปราย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เปลี่ยนรูปแบบภาษา" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ไทย</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ดู"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=history" title="แก้ไขเก่าของหน้านี้ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เครื่องมือ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94" title="อัปโหลดไฟล์ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>อัปโหลดไฟล์</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9" title="รายการหน้าพิเศษทั้งหมด [q]" accesskey="q"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;oldid=11716744" title="ลิงก์ถาวรมารุ่นนี้ของหน้านี้"><span>ลิงก์ถาวร</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=info" title="ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหน้านี้"><span>สารสนเทศหน้า</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&amp;page=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;id=11716744&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงบทความนี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25A9%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%2584%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25A2"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25A9%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%2584%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25A2"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Thai_script" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q236376" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10224066">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-ปรับปรุงการอ้างอิง plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">บทความนี้ยัง<b>ต้องการเพิ่ม<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="วิกิพีเดีย:การอ้างอิงแหล่งที่มา">แหล่งอ้างอิง</a>เพื่อ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89" title="วิกิพีเดีย:การพิสูจน์ยืนยันได้">พิสูจน์ความถูกต้อง</a></b><span class="hide-when-compact"> คุณสามารถ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:EditPage/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="พิเศษ:EditPage/อักษรไทย">พัฒนาบทความนี้</a>ได้โดย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" title="วิธีใช้:การอ้างอิงสำหรับผู้เริ่มต้น">เพิ่มแหล่งอ้างอิงตามสมควร</a> เนื้อหาที่ขาดแหล่งอ้างอิงอาจถูกลบออก<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>หาแหล่งข้อมูล:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%22&amp;num=50">"อักษรไทย"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%22&amp;tbm=nws">ข่าว</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%22+site:news.google.com/newspapers&amp;source=newspapers">หนังสือพิมพ์</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%22">หนังสือ</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%22">สกอลาร์</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="วิธีใช้:การนำแม่แบบบำรุงรักษาออก">เรียนรู้ว่าจะนำสารแม่แบบนี้ออกได้อย่างไรและเมื่อไร</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.25em; background:navajowhite;">อักษรไทย<br /><div style="font-weight:normal"></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Thai_Alphabet_Sample.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Thai_Alphabet_Sample.svg/220px-Thai_Alphabet_Sample.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Thai_Alphabet_Sample.svg/330px-Thai_Alphabet_Sample.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Thai_Alphabet_Sample.svg/440px-Thai_Alphabet_Sample.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;">ชนิด</th><td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A" title="อักษรสระประกอบ">อักษรสระประกอบ</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;">ผู้ประดิษฐ์</th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A" title="พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช">พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="วิกิพีเดีย:คู่มือการเขียน/หลีกเลี่ยงถ้อยคำคลุมเครือ"><span title="เนื้อหาที่อยู่ใกล้แท็กนี้อาจใช้ถ้อยคำที่คลุมเครือเกินไป">ใคร?</span></a></i>&#93;</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ช่วงยุค</div></th><td>พ.ศ. 1826 (ค.ศ. 1283) – ปัจจุบัน</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;">ทิศทาง</th><td>ซ้ายไปขวา&#160;<span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236376?uselang=th#P1406" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;">ภาษาพูด</th><td><b>มาตรฐาน</b>:<br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาษาไทย">ภาษาไทย</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="ภาษาไทยถิ่นใต้">ภาษาไทยใต้</a><br /><b>ไม่เป็นมาตรฐาน</b>:<br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ภาษาไทยถิ่นเหนือ">คำเมือง</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="ภาษาไทยถิ่นอีสาน">อีสาน</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ภาษามลายูปัตตานี">มลายูปัตตานี</a>, และอื่นๆ</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddd">อักษรที่เกี่ยวข้อง</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ระบบแม่</div></th><td><div style="padding-top:0.15em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ชุดตัวอักษรไซนายดั้งเดิม (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชุดตัวอักษรไซนายดั้งเดิม</a><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ชุดตัวอักษรฟินิเชีย">ชุดตัวอักษรฟินิเชีย</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ชุดตัวอักษรแอราเมอิก">ชุดตัวอักษรแอราเมอิก</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรพราหมี">พราหมี</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AC-%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรทมิฬ-พราหมี (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ทมิฬ-พราหมี</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรปัลลวะ">ปัลลวะ</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3" title="อักษรเขมร">เขมร</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรสุโขทัย">สุโขทัย</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li>อักษรไทย</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ระบบลูก</div></th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94" title="อักษรไทเวียด">อักษรไทเวียด</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ระบบพี่น้อง</div></th><td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรฝักขาม">อักษรฝักขาม</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7" title="อักษรลาว">อักษรลาว</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddd">ISO 15924</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_15924&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 15924 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ISO 15924</a></th><td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7800872">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">Thai</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7800872"><span class="monospaced">(352)</span>,&#x20;&#x200b;Thai</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94" title="ยูนิโคด">ยูนิโคด</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ยูนิโคดแฝง</div></th><td>Thai</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">ช่วงยูนิโคด</div></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0E00.pdf">U+0E00–U+0E7F</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="noprint selfref" style="text-align:center;text-align:left; background:#eee;"><span style="font-size:80%">&#160;บทความนี้ประกอบด้วย<b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phonetic_transcription&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Phonetic transcription (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สัญกรณ์การออกเสียง</a>ใน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a> (IPA)</b>&#32;สำหรับคำแนะนำเบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับสัญลักษณ์ IPA โปรดดู <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:IPA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="วิธีใช้:IPA (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">วิธีใช้:สัทอักษรสากล</a> &#32;สำหรับความแตกต่างระหว่าง <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[&#160;]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/&#160;/</span> และ <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">⟨&#160;⟩</span> ดูที่ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5#วงเล็บเหลี่ยมและทับ" title="สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล §&#160;วงเล็บเหลี่ยมและทับ</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>อักษรไทย</b> เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3" title="อักษร">อักษร</a>ที่ใช้เขียน<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาษาไทย">ภาษาไทย</a>และภาษาของกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ต่างๆ เช่น <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ภาษาไทยถิ่นเหนือ">คำเมือง</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ภาษาอีสาน">อีสาน</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="ภาษาไทยถิ่นใต้">ภาษาไทยใต้</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ภาษามลายูปัตตานี">มลายูปัตตานี</a> เป็นต้น ในประเทศไทย มี<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0" title="พยัญชนะ">พยัญชนะ</a> 44 รูป <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0_(%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C)" title="สระ (สัทศาสตร์)">สระ</a> 21 รูป <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="วรรณยุกต์">วรรณยุกต์</a> 4 รูป และเครื่องหมายอื่น ๆ อีกจำนวนหนึ่ง พยัญชนะไทยจะเรียงตัวไปตามแนวนอน จากซ้ายไปขวา ส่วนสระจะอยู่หน้า บน ล่าง และหลังพยัญชนะประกอบคำแล้วแต่ชนิดของสระ </p><p>อักษรไทยไม่มีการแยก<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88" title="อักษรตัวใหญ่">อักษรตัวใหญ่</a>หรืออักษรตัวเล็กอย่าง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรโรมัน">อักษรโรมัน</a> และไม่มีการเว้นวรรคระหว่างคำ เมื่อจบหนึ่งประโยคจะลงท้ายด้วยการเว้นวรรค กับมี<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน">เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน</a>จำนวนหนึ่ง </p><p>ภาษาไทยมี<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="เลขไทย">เลขไทย</a>เป็นของตัวเอง แต่นิยมใช้<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ตัวเลขอาหรับ">ตัวเลขอาหรับ</a>เป็นส่วนใหญ่ในชีวิตประจำวัน </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ประวัติและวิวัฒนาการ"><span id=".E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B0.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.81.E0.B8.A5.E0.B8.B0.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.92.E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3"></span>ประวัติและวิวัฒนาการ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ประวัติและวิวัฒนาการ"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2.png/350px-%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2.png/525px-%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2.png/700px-%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2.png 2x" data-file-width="12395" data-file-height="6694" /></a><figcaption>วิวัฒนาการอักษรไทย</figcaption></figure><p>ราว พ.ศ. 400 ไทยได้อพยพจากถิ่นเดิมมาตั้งภูมิลำเนาอยู่ใกล้อาณาเขตมอญ ซึ่งกำลังเป็นชาติที่เจริญรุ่งเรืองในสมัยนั้น เริ่มแรกคงเริ่มเลียนแบบตัวอักษรมาจากมอญ ต่อมาราว พ.ศ. 1500 เมื่อขอมขยายอำนาจเข้ามาในดินแดนของคนไทยซึ่งตั้งอยู่บริเวณริมแม่น้ำยม และได้ปกครองเมืองเชลียงและเมืองสุโขทัย ไทยก็เริ่มดัดแปลงอักษรที่มีอยู่เดิมให้คล้ายกับอักษรขอมหวัด </p><p>อักษรมอญและอักษรขอมที่ไทยนำมาดัดแปลงใช้นั้นล้วนเป็นอักษรที่รับและแปลงรูปมาจากอักษรพราหมี ของพวกพราหมณ์ซึ่งแพร่หลายในอินเดียตอนเหนือ และอักษรสันสกฤตในสมัยราชวงศ์ปัลลวะ ซึ่งแพร่หลายบริเวณอินเดียตอนใต้ อักษรอินเดียทั้งคู่นี้ต่างก็รับแบบมาจากอักษรฟินิเชียนอีกชั้นหนึ่ง อักษรเฟนีเซียนับได้ว่าเป็นอักษรที่เก่าแก่ที่สุด และเป็นแม่แบบตัวอักษรของชาติต่างๆ ทั้งในเอเชียและยุโรป </p><p>ราว พ.ศ. 1826 พ่อขุนรามคำแหงทรงประดิษฐ์อักษรไทยที่เรียกกันว่า "ลายสือไทย" ขึ้น<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="วิกิพีเดีย:คู่มือการเขียน/หลีกเลี่ยงถ้อยคำคลุมเครือ"><span title="เนื้อหาที่อยู่ใกล้แท็กนี้อาจใช้ถ้อยคำที่คลุมเครือเกินไป">ใคร?</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> ซึ่งได้เค้ารูปมาจากอักษรมอญและอักษรขอมที่มีอยู่เดิม ทำให้อักษรไทยมีลักษณะคล้ายคลึงกับอักษรทั้งสอง แม้บางตัวจะไม่คล้ายกัน แต่ก็สามารถรู้ได้ว่าดัดแปลงมาจากอักษรตัวไหน </p><p>อักษรไทยมีการปรับปรุงอยู่เรื่อยๆ ในสมัยพญาฦๅไทราว พ.ศ. 1900 มีการแก้ไขตัวอักษรให้ผิดเพี้ยนไปบ้างเล็กน้อย โดยเฉพาะการเพิ่มเชิงที่ตัว ญ ซึ่งใช้ติดต่อเรื่อยมาจนทุกวันนี้ คาดว่าน่าจะเอาอย่างมาจากเขมร ในสมัยสมเด็จพระนารายณ์มหาราช ราว พ.ศ. 2223 ตัวอักษรเริ่มมีทรวดทรงดีขึ้นแต่ก็ไม่ทิ้งเค้าเดิม มีบางตัวเท่านั้นที่แก้ไขผิดไปจากเดิม คือตัว ฎ และ ธ ซึ่งเหมือนกับที่ใช้อยู่ในปัจจุบัน นักวิชาการจำนวนหนึ่งเชื่อว่าในสมัยสมเด็จพระนารายณ์มหาราช ตัวอักษรและการใช้งานมีความคล้ายคลึงกับในปัจจุบันมากที่สุด </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อักษรไทย"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.A9.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.84.E0.B8.97.E0.B8.A2"></span>อักษรไทย</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อักษรไทย"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox floatright" style="margin-left: 15px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center" colspan="8" bgcolor="#ccccff"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">อักษรไทย</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="8" bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>รูปพยัญชนะ</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81" title="ก">ก</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%82" title="ข">ข</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%83" title="ฃ">ฃ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84" title="ค">ค</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%85" title="ฅ">ฅ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%86" title="ฆ">ฆ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%87" title="ง">ง</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88" title="จ">จ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%89" title="ฉ">ฉ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A" title="ช">ช</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8B" title="ซ">ซ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8C" title="ฌ">ฌ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8D" title="ญ">ญ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8E" title="ฎ">ฎ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8F" title="ฏ">ฏ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%90" title="ฐ">ฐ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%91" title="ฑ">ฑ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%92" title="ฒ">ฒ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%93" title="ณ">ณ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%94" title="ด">ด</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95" title="ต">ต</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%96" title="ถ">ถ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97" title="ท">ท</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%98" title="ธ">ธ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99" title="น">น</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9A" title="บ">บ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B" title="ป">ป</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9C" title="ผ">ผ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9D" title="ฝ">ฝ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E" title="พ">พ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F" title="ฟ">ฟ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0" title="ภ">ภ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A1" title="ม">ม</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2" title="ย">ย</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3" title="ร">ร</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A5" title="ล">ล</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7" title="ว">ว</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A8" title="ศ">ศ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A9" title="ษ">ษ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA" title="ส">ส</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB" title="ห">ห</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AC" title="ฬ">ฬ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD" title="อ">อ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AE" title="ฮ">ฮ</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="8" bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>รูปสระ</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="วิสรรชนีย์">ะ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8" title="ไม้หันอากาศ">–ั</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ลากข้าง">า</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="นิคหิต">–ํ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4" title="พินทุ์อิ">–ิ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="ฝนทอง">'</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9" title="ฟันหนู">"</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94" title="ตีนเหยียด">–ุ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89" title="ตีนคู้">–ู</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="ไม้หน้า">เ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD" title="ไม้โอ">โ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99" title="ไม้ม้วน">ใ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="ไม้มลาย">ไ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89" title="ไม้ไต่คู้">–็</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>อ </td> <td>ว </td> <td>ย </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A4" title="ฤ">ฤ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A4%E0%B9%85" title="ฤๅ">ฤๅ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A6" title="ฦ">ฦ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A6%E0%B9%85" title="ฦๅ">ฦๅ</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="8" bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>รูปวรรณยุกต์</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="ไม้เอก">–่</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97" title="ไม้โท">–้</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" title="ไม้ตรี">–๊</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2" title="ไม้จัตวา">–๋</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="8" bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>เครื่องหมายอื่น ๆ</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%86%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95" title="ทัณฑฆาต">–์</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ยามักการ">–๎</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8" title="พินทุ">–ฺ</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="8" bgcolor="#ccccff"><b>เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="ไปยาลน้อย">ฯ</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88" title="ไปยาลใหญ่">ฯลฯ</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81" title="ไม้ยมก">ๆ</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ฟองมัน">๏</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="อังคั่น">๚</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="โคมูตร">๛</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8" title="ตีนครุ">┼</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="พยัญชนะ"><span id=".E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.8D.E0.B8.8A.E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B0"></span>พยัญชนะ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="แก้ไขส่วน: พยัญชนะ"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>พยัญชนะไทยมี 44 รูป แต่ละตัวมีชื่อเรียกโดยเฉพาะ สามารถแบ่งตามฐานที่ใช้ในการออกเสียงเป็นวรรค เสียงอ่านที่กำกับไว้คือเสียงเมื่อเป็นพยัญชนะต้น </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>วรรค</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="ฐานกรณ์">ฐานกรณ์</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="เสียงพยัญชนะกัก">กัก</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงสิถิล (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">สิถิล</a></th> <th colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="เสียงพยัญชนะกัก">กัก</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงธนิต (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ธนิต</a>หรือ<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะเสียดแทรก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เสียดแทรก</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="เสียงพยัญชนะนาสิก">นาสิก</a> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>วรรค กะ</th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะฐานเพดานอ่อน (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เพดานอ่อน</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><big>ก</big> ไก่ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[k~g]</span> </td> <td><big>ข</big> ไข่ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʰ~x]</span> </td> <td><big>ฃ</big> ขวด¹ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʰ~x]</span> </td> <td><big>ค</big> ควาย <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʰ~x]</span> </td> <td><big>ฅ</big> คน¹ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʰ~x]</span> </td> <td><big>ฆ</big> ระฆัง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʰ~x]</span> </td> <td><big>ง</big> งู <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋ]</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>วรรค จะ</th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะฐานเพดานแข็ง (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เพดานแข็ง</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><big>จ</big> จาน <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ɕ]</span> </td> <td colspan="2"><big>ฉ</big> ฉิ่ง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ɕʰ]</span> </td> <td><big>ช</big> ช้าง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ɕʰ]</span> </td> <td><big>ซ</big> โซ่ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[s~z~ɕ]</span> </td> <td><big>ฌ</big> เฌอ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ɕʰ]</span> </td> <td><big>ญ</big> หญิง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɲ]²</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>วรรค ฏะ</th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะฐานปุ่มเหงือก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ปุ่มเหงือก</a> </th> <td><big>ฎ</big> ชฎา <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d̪]</span> </td> <td><big>ฏ</big> ปฏัก <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t̪]</span> </td> <td colspan="2"><big>ฐ</big> ฐาน <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʰ]</span> </td> <td colspan="2"><big>ฑ</big> มณโฑ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʰ]/[d̪]</span> </td> <td><big>ฒ</big> ผู้เฒ่า <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʰ]</span></td> <td><big>ณ</big> เณร <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[n]</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>วรรค ตะ </th> <td><big>ด</big> เด็ก <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d̪]</span></td> <td><big>ต</big> เต่า <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t̪]</span> </td> <td colspan="2"><big>ถ</big> ถุง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʰ]</span> </td> <td colspan="2"><big>ท</big> ทหาร <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʰ]</span> </td> <td><big>ธ</big> ธง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʰ]</span></td> <td><big>น</big> หนู <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[n]</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>วรรค ปะ</th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะฐานริมฝีปากทั้งสอง (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ริมฝีปาก</a> </th> <td><big>บ</big> ใบไม้ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[b]</span></td> <td><big>ป</big> ปลา <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[p]</span> </td> <td><big>ผ</big> ผึ้ง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pʰ]</span></td> <td><big>ฝ</big> ฝา <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[f]</span> </td> <td><big>พ</big> พาน <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pʰ]</span></td> <td><big>ฟ</big> ฟัน <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[f]</span> </td> <td><big>ภ</big> สำเภา <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pʰ]</span></td> <td><big>ม</big> ม้า <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[m]</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th colspan="2">ไตรยางศ์</th> <th colspan="2">กลาง</th> <th colspan="2">สูง</th> <th colspan="4">ต่ำ </th></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>วรรค</th> <th colspan="4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะเปิด (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เปิด</a>หรือ<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะรัว (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">รัว</a></th> <th colspan="4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เสียงพยัญชนะเสียดแทรก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เสียดแทรก</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="เสียงเปิดข้างลิ้น ปุ่มเหงือก">เปิดข้างลิ้น<br />ปุ่มเหงือก</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87" class="mw-redirect" title="เสียงกัก เส้นเสียง">กัก<br />เส้นเสียง</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87_%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="เสียงเสียดแทรก เส้นเสียง ไม่ก้อง">เสียดแทรก<br />เส้นเสียง</a> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>เศษวรรค </th> <td><big>ย</big> ยักษ์ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j]</span></td> <td><big>ร</big> เรือ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[r~ɹ]</span></td> <td><big>ล</big> ลิง <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[l]</span></td> <td><big>ว</big> แหวน <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʋ~w]</span> </td> <td><big>ศ</big> ศาลา <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[s~z~ɕ]</span> </td> <td><big>ษ</big> ฤๅษี <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[s~z~ɕ]</span> </td> <td><big>ส</big> เสือ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[s~z~ɕ]</span> </td> <td><big>ห</big> หีบ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[h]</span> </td> <td><big>ฬ</big> จุฬา <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[l]</span></td> <td><big>อ</big> อ่าง³ <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʔ]</span></td> <td><big>ฮ</big> นกฮูก <br /><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[h]</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>ไตรยางศ์</th> <th colspan="4">ต่ำ</th> <th colspan="4">สูง</th> <th>ต่ำ</th> <th>กลาง</th> <th>ต่ำ </th></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <ol><li>ฃ และ ฅ เป็นอักษรที่ในปัจจุบันเลิกใช้แล้ว</li> <li>ในปัจจุบันเสียงนี้ถูกแทนที่ด้วย /j/ ในภาษาไทยกลาง แต่ยังคงพบได้ในภาษาไทยถิ่นอื่นๆ เช่น ภาษาไทยอีสาน เป็นต้น</li> <li>อ ถือว่าเป็นเสียงว่างให้รูปสระมาเกาะได้</li></ol> <p>พยัญชนะไทยยังแบ่งออกเป็น 3 หมู่ เรียกว่า <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C" title="ไตรยางศ์">ไตรยางศ์</a> ประกอบด้วย </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%87" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรสูง">อักษรสูง</a> 11 ตัว ได้แก่ ข ฃ ฉ ฐ ถ ผ ฝ ศ ษ ส ห</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรกลาง">อักษรกลาง</a> 9 ตัว ได้แก่ ก จ ฎ ฏ ด ต บ ป อ</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรต่ำ">อักษรต่ำ</a> 24 ตัว ได้แก่ ค ฅ ฆ ง ช ซ ฌ ญ ฑ ฒ ณ ท ธ น พ ฟ ภ ม ย ร ล ว ฬ ฮ</li></ul> <p>ความถี่ของพยัญชนะไทย พยัญชนะไทยที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดคือ น และที่ใช้น้อยที่สุดคือ ฅ ความถี่ที่แสดงในตารางอาจแตกต่างกันในทางปฏิบัติตามประเภทของข้อความ (ผู้อ่านสามารถทดลองเปิดหน้าข่าว หรือเปิดหนังสือ ebook สักเล่มแล้วลอง ค้นหา(search) อักษรโดดๆ เช่น ก ข ค ... จะพบว่าพยัญชนะไทยที่ใช้มากที่สุดในเอกสารนั้นคือ น (นอ หนู) หรืออาจจะเป็นตัวพยัญชนะ ร อ บ้างในบางเอกสารเท่านั้น) </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>ยูนิโคด</th> <th>ชื่อตัวอักษร</th> <th>พยัญชนะไทย</th> <th>ความถี่ <sup>TNC v.1</sup></th> <th>ความถี่ <sup>LEXiTRON Data 2.0</sup></th> <th>ความถี่ <sup>พจนานุกรมราชบัณฑิตฯ 2554</sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>0E19 </th> <td>NO NU</td> <td>น</td> <td>9.68%</td> <td>8.61%</td> <td>8.29% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E23 </th> <td>RO RUA</td> <td>ร</td> <td>7.47%</td> <td>9.17%</td> <td>9.04% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E2D </th> <td>O ANG</td> <td>อ</td> <td>7.44%</td> <td>6.61%</td> <td>6.42% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E01 </th> <td>KO KAI</td> <td>ก</td> <td>7.35%</td> <td>7.54%</td> <td>7.79% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E07 </th> <td>NGO NGU</td> <td>ง</td> <td>6.90%</td> <td>6.26%</td> <td>5.66% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E21 </th> <td>MO MA</td> <td>ม</td> <td>6.24%</td> <td>5.77%</td> <td>5.78% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E22 </th> <td>YO YAK</td> <td>ย</td> <td>4.90%</td> <td>4.90%</td> <td>5.18% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E27 </th> <td>WO WAEN</td> <td>ว</td> <td>4.80%</td> <td>4.71%</td> <td>4.56% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E25 </th> <td>LO LING</td> <td>ล</td> <td>3.97%</td> <td>4.26%</td> <td>4.85% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E14 </th> <td>DO DEK</td> <td>ด</td> <td>3.96%</td> <td>3.89%</td> <td>3.60% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E17 </th> <td>THO THAHAN</td> <td>ท</td> <td>3.75%</td> <td>2.89%</td> <td>2.73% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E2B </th> <td>HO HIP</td> <td>ห</td> <td>3.59%</td> <td>3.26%</td> <td>3.67% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E15 </th> <td>TO TAO</td> <td>ต</td> <td>3.31%</td> <td>3.81%</td> <td>3.93% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E04 </th> <td>KHO KHWAI</td> <td>ค</td> <td>3.09%</td> <td>3.35%</td> <td>2.47% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E2A </th> <td>SO SUA</td> <td>ส</td> <td>3.07%</td> <td>3.84%</td> <td>4.13% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E1B </th> <td>PO PLA</td> <td>ป</td> <td>2.90%</td> <td>2.60%</td> <td>2.76% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E1A </th> <td>BO BAIMAI</td> <td>บ</td> <td>2.88%</td> <td>3.06%</td> <td>3.06% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E08 </th> <td>CHO CHAN</td> <td>จ</td> <td>2.69%</td> <td>2.05%</td> <td>1.98% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E02 </th> <td>KHO KHAI</td> <td>ข</td> <td>2.13%</td> <td>1.78%</td> <td>1.88% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E1E </th> <td>PHO PHAN</td> <td>พ</td> <td>1.95%</td> <td>2.27%</td> <td>2.43% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E0A </th> <td>CHO CHANG</td> <td>ช</td> <td>1.56%</td> <td>1.73%</td> <td>1.75% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E1C </th> <td>PHO PHUNG</td> <td>ผ</td> <td>0.86%</td> <td>0.87%</td> <td>0.72% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E16 </th> <td>THO THUNG</td> <td>ถ</td> <td>0.79%</td> <td>0.79%</td> <td>0.73% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E13 </th> <td>NO NEN</td> <td>ณ</td> <td>0.64%</td> <td>0.65%</td> <td>0.80% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E28 </th> <td>SO SALA</td> <td>ศ</td> <td>0.60%</td> <td>0.89%</td> <td>0.90% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E18 </th> <td>THO THONG</td> <td>ธ</td> <td>0.56%</td> <td>0.63%</td> <td>0.78% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E29 </th> <td>SO RUSI</td> <td>ษ</td> <td>0.47%</td> <td>0.56%</td> <td>0.60% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E0D </th> <td>YO YING</td> <td>ญ</td> <td>0.46%</td> <td>0.57%</td> <td>0.57% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E20 </th> <td>PHO SAMPHAO</td> <td>ภ</td> <td>0.44%</td> <td>0.61%</td> <td>0.70% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E0B </th> <td>SO SO</td> <td>ซ</td> <td>0.42%</td> <td>0.45%</td> <td>0.43% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E09 </th> <td>CHO CHING</td> <td>ฉ</td> <td>0.25%</td> <td>0.29%</td> <td>0.36% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E10 </th> <td>THO THAN</td> <td>ฐ</td> <td>0.20%</td> <td>0.15%</td> <td>0.20% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E1F </th> <td>FO FAN</td> <td>ฟ</td> <td>0.18%</td> <td>0.44%</td> <td>0.33% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E1D </th> <td>FO FA</td> <td>ฝ</td> <td>0.13%</td> <td>0.24%</td> <td>0.20% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E0F </th> <td>TO PATAK</td> <td>ฏ</td> <td>0.08%</td> <td>0.08%</td> <td>0.14% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E0E </th> <td>DO CHADA</td> <td>ฎ</td> <td>0.08%</td> <td>0.08%</td> <td>0.08% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E12 </th> <td>THO PHUTHAO</td> <td>ฒ</td> <td>0.07%</td> <td>0.04%</td> <td>0.04% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E2E </th> <td>HO NOKHUK</td> <td>ฮ</td> <td>0.06%</td> <td>0.10%</td> <td>0.12% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E11 </th> <td>THO NANGMONTHO</td> <td>ฑ</td> <td>0.03%</td> <td>0.11%</td> <td>0.14% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E06 </th> <td>KHO RAKHANG</td> <td>ฆ</td> <td>0.03%</td> <td>0.07%</td> <td>0.12% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E2C </th> <td>LO CHULA</td> <td>ฬ</td> <td>0.02%</td> <td>0.03%</td> <td>0.07% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E0C </th> <td>CHO CHOE</td> <td>ฌ</td> <td>0.003%</td> <td>0.01%</td> <td>0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E03 </th> <td>KHO KHUAT</td> <td>ฃ</td> <td>0.001%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>0% </td></tr> <tr> <th>0E05 </th> <td>KHO KHON</td> <td>ฅ</td> <td>0.0003%</td> <td>0%</td> <td>0% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup>1</sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cqpweb.lancs.ac.uk/tncv1/">นับความถี่จาก Thai National Corpus (1st version on CQPweb) จำนวน 34,782,267 โทเค็น</a> </p><p><sup>2</sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lexitron.nectec.or.th/2009_1/index.php?q=common_manager/download#latest_version">นับความถี่ จากฐานข้อมูล LEXiTRON Data 2.0 จำนวนคำศัพท์ในพจนานุกรม 32,365 คำ</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170927061821/http://lexitron.nectec.or.th/2009_1/index.php?q=common_manager%2Fdownload#latest_version">เก็บถาวร</a> 2017-09-27 ที่ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน">เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน</a> </p><p><sup>3</sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.orst.go.th/">นับความถี่จากฐานข้อมูล พจนานุกรม ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน พ.ศ. ๒๕๕๔ จำนวนคำศัพท์ในพจนานุกรม 39,191 คำ (db.version 2018.07.24)</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="สระ"><span id=".E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B0"></span>สระ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="แก้ไขส่วน: สระ"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>สระในภาษาไทยมี 21 รูป ซึ่งรูปสระเหล่านี้จะนำไปประกอบเป็นรูปสระที่ใช้จริงอีกต่อหนึ่ง (ดูที่ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาษาไทย">ภาษาไทย</a>) </p> <div> <table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>ะ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="วิสรรชนีย์">วิสรรชนีย์</a> นมนางทั้งคู่</li> <li><b>&#160;ั</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8" title="ไม้หันอากาศ">ไม้หันอากาศ</a> หางกังหัน ไม้ผัด</li> <li><b>&#160;็</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89" title="ไม้ไต่คู้">ไม้ไต่คู้</a> ไม้ตายคู้</li> <li><b>า</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ลากข้าง">ลากข้าง</a></li> <li><b>&#160;ิ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4" title="พินทุ์อิ">พินทุ์อิ</a> พินทุอิ</li> <li><b>&#160;่</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="ฝนทอง">ฝนทอง</a></li> <li><b>&#160;ํ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="นิคหิต">นิคหิต</a> นฤคหิต หยาดน้ำค้าง</li></ul> </td> <td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>"</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9" title="ฟันหนู">ฟันหนู</a>, มูสิกทันต์</li> <li><b>&#160;ุ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94" title="ตีนเหยียด">ตีนเหยียด</a> ลากตีน</li> <li><b>&#160;ู</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89" title="ตีนคู้">ตีนคู้</a></li> <li><b>เ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="ไม้หน้า">ไม้หน้า</a></li> <li><b>ใ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99" title="ไม้ม้วน">ไม้ม้วน</a></li> <li><b>ไ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="ไม้มลาย">ไม้มลาย</a></li> <li><b>โ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD" title="ไม้โอ">ไม้โอ</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>อ</b> ตัวออ</li> <li><b>ย</b> ตัวยอ</li> <li><b>ว</b> ตัววอ</li> <li><b>ฤ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="ตัวรึ">ตัวรึ</a></li> <li><b>ฤๅ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ตัวรือ">ตัวรือ</a></li> <li><b>ฦ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="ตัวลึ">ตัวลึ</a></li> <li><b>ฦๅ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ตัวลือ">ตัวลือ</a></li></ul> <p>&#32; </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="วรรณยุกต์"><span id=".E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.93.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B8.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.95.E0.B9.8C"></span>วรรณยุกต์</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="แก้ไขส่วน: วรรณยุกต์"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>วรรณยุกต์ในภาษาไทยมี 4 รูป 5 เสียง </p><p>เสียงวรรณยุกต์ไทยตามหลักภาษาศาสตร์ แบ่งได้ดังนี้ </p> <ul><li>เสียงสามัญ (ระดับเสียงกึ่งสูง-กลาง)</li> <li>เสียงเอก (ระดับเสียงกึ่งต่ำ-ต่ำ)</li> <li>เสียงโท (ระดับเสียงสูง-ต่ำ)</li> <li>เสียงตรี (ระดับเสียงกึ่งสูง-สูง)</li> <li>เสียงจัตวา (ระดับเสียงต่ำ-กึ่งสูง)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="รูปวรรณยุกต์"><span id=".E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B9.E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.93.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B8.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.95.E0.B9.8C"></span>รูปวรรณยุกต์</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="แก้ไขส่วน: 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<td>อักษรสูง คำตาย สระยาว</td> <td>-</td> <td><span style="color:green">ขาบ</span></td> <td>ข้าบ</td> <td>-</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรต่ำ">อักษรต่ำ</a> คำเป็น</td> <td><span style="color:green">คา</span></td> <td>-</td> <td>ค่า</td> <td>ค้า</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>อักษรต่ำ คำตาย สระสั้น</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>ค่ะ</td> <td><span style="color:green">คะ</span></td> <td>ค๋ะ </td></tr> <tr> <td>อักษรต่ำ คำตาย สระยาว</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td><span style="color:green">คาบ</span></td> <td>ค้าบ</td> <td>ค๋าบ </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>คำตายของอักษรกลางและอักษรสูง ไม่ว่าสระจะเป็นเสียงสั้นหรือเสียงยาวก็ผันวรรณยุกต์ตามรูปแบบเดียวกัน เว้นแต่คำตายของอักษรต่ำ เมื่อเป็นสระเสียงสั้นหรือเสียงยาวจะผันคนละแบบ </p><p>อักษรต่ำและอักษรสูงไม่สามารถผันให้ครบ ๕ เสียงได้ จึงมักจะใช้อักษรเสียงเดียวกันจากอีกหมู่หนึ่งมาใช้เป็นอักษรนำ โดยมีอักษรสูงนำ (ยกเว้นอักษร อ ซึ่งเป็นอักษรกลาง สามารถนำ อักษร ย ได้) เช่น นา หน่า น่า น้า หนา, มี หมี่ มี่ มี้ หมี </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ตัวเลข"><span id=".E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.A7.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.A5.E0.B8.82"></span>ตัวเลข</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ตัวเลข"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9751016">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">บทความหลัก: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="เลขไทย">เลขไทย</a></div> <p>ตัวเลขที่เป็นอักษรไทย เรียกว่า<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="เลขไทย">เลขไทย</a> มีลักษณะดังนี้ </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>๐ ๑ ๒ ๓ ๔ ๕ ๖ ๗ ๘ ๙</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>วิธีการบอกจำนวนใช้ระบบประจำหลักเหมือนกับตระกูล<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ตัวเลขอาหรับ">ตัวเลขอาหรับ</a>อื่น ๆ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน"><span id=".E0.B9.80.E0.B8.84.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B7.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.84.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.99"></span>เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="แก้ไขส่วน: เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>.</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="มหัพภาค">มหัพภาค</a> หรือ จุด</li> <li><b>,</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="จุลภาค">จุลภาค</a> หรือ ลูกน้ำ</li> <li><b>;</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="อัฒภาค">อัฒภาค</a></li> <li><b>:</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="ทวิภาค">ทวิภาค</a> หรือ ต่อ</li> <li><b>:-</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" class="mw-redirect" title="วิภัชภาค">วิภัชภาค</a></li> <li><b>-</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C" title="ยัติภังค์">ยัติภังค์</a></li> <li><b>—</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="ยัติภาค">ยัติภาค</a></li> <li><b> () </b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="นขลิขิต">นขลิขิต</a> หรือ วงเล็บ</li> <li><b>[ ]</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="วงเล็บเหลี่ยม">วงเล็บเหลี่ยม</a></li> <li><b>{ }</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="วงเล็บปีกกา">วงเล็บปีกกา</a></li> <li><b>?</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ปรัศนี">ปรัศนี</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>!</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="อัศเจรีย์">อัศเจรีย์</a></li> <li><b>“”</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8" title="อัญประกาศ">อัญประกาศ</a></li> <li><b>...</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2" title="จุดไข่ปลา">จุดไข่ปลา</a></li> <li><b>_ _ _</b> เส้นประ</li> <li><b>"</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2" title="บุพสัญญา">บุพสัญญา</a></li> <li><b>/</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="ทับ">ทับ</a></li> <li><b> ๆ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81" title="ไม้ยมก">ไม้ยมก</a></li> <li><b>ฯ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="ไปยาลน้อย">ไปยาลน้อย</a> หรือ เปยยาลน้อย</li> <li><b>ฯลฯ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88" title="ไปยาลใหญ่">ไปยาลใหญ่</a> หรือ เปยยาลใหญ่</li> <li><b>๏</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ฟองมัน">ฟองมัน</a> หรือ ตาไก่</li> <li><b>๏<span style="position:relative;right:1ex;bottom:.5ex;">"</span></b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ฟองมันฟันหนู">ฟองมันฟันหนู</a> หรือ ฟันหนูฟองมัน</li></ul> </td> <td style="width: 33.33%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul><li><b>ฯ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="อังคั่นเดี่ยว">อังคั่นเดี่ยว</a> คั่นเดี่ยว หรือ คั่น</li> <li><b>๚</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" class="mw-redirect" title="อังคั่นคู่">อังคั่นคู่</a> หรือ คั่นคู่</li> <li><b>๚ะ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="อังคั่นวิสรรชนีย์">อังคั่นวิสรรชนีย์</a></li> <li><b>๛</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="โคมูตร">โคมูตร</a></li> <li><b>&#160;๎</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ยามักการ">ยามักการ</a></li> <li><b>&#160;์</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%86%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95" title="ทัณฑฆาต">ทัณฑฆาต</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ตัวการันต์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ตัวการันต์</a> คือพยัญชนะที่ถูกทัณฑฆาตกำกับ เช่น ก์ เรียกว่า กอการันต์)</li> <li><b>&#160;ฺ</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8" title="พินทุ">พินทุ</a></li> <li><b>┼</b> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8" title="ตีนครุ">ตีนครุ</a> หรือ ตีนกา</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="มหัตถสัญญา (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">มหัตถสัญญา</a> (ย่อหน้า)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8" title="สัญประกาศ">สัญประกาศ</a> (ขีดเส้นใต้)</li></ul> <p>&#32; </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="รหัสยูนิโคดสำหรับอักษรไทย"><span id=".E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B9.E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.82.E0.B8.84.E0.B8.94.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.B3.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.A9.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.84.E0.B8.97.E0.B8.A2"></span>รหัสยูนิโคดสำหรับอักษรไทย</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="แก้ไขส่วน: รหัสยูนิโคดสำหรับอักษรไทย"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ช่วงรหัส<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94" title="ยูนิโคด">ยูนิโคด</a> (Unicode) ของอักษรไทย คือ U+0E00 ถึง U+0E7F </p> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" class="wikitable Unicode" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"><b>ไทย</b><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0E00.pdf">Unicode.org chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt">&#160;</td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E0x </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81" class="extiw" title="wikt:ก">ก</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:ข">ข</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%83" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฃ">ฃ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84" class="extiw" title="wikt:ค">ค</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%85" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฅ">ฅ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%86" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฆ">ฆ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="wikt:ง">ง</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88" class="extiw" title="wikt:จ">จ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%89" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฉ">ฉ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A" class="extiw" title="wikt:ช">ช</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B" class="extiw" title="wikt:ซ">ซ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8C" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฌ">ฌ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8D" class="extiw" title="wikt:ญ">ญ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8E" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฎ">ฎ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8F" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฏ">ฏ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E1x </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%90" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฐ">ฐ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%91" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฑ">ฑ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%92" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฒ">ฒ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%93" class="extiw" title="wikt:ณ">ณ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94" class="extiw" title="wikt:ด">ด</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95" class="extiw" title="wikt:ต">ต</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%96" class="extiw" title="wikt:ถ">ถ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97" class="extiw" title="wikt:ท">ท</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98" class="extiw" title="wikt:ธ">ธ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="wikt:น">น</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A" class="extiw" title="wikt:บ">บ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B" class="extiw" title="wikt:ป">ป</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C" class="extiw" title="wikt:ผ">ผ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9D" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฝ">ฝ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E" class="extiw" title="wikt:พ">พ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฟ">ฟ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E2x </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0" class="extiw" title="wikt:ภ">ภ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1" class="extiw" title="wikt:ม">ม</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2" class="extiw" title="wikt:ย">ย</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3" class="extiw" title="wikt:ร">ร</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A4" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฤ">ฤ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5" class="extiw" title="wikt:ล">ล</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A6" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฦ">ฦ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7" class="extiw" title="wikt:ว">ว</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8" class="extiw" title="wikt:ศ">ศ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A9" class="extiw" title="wikt:ษ">ษ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA" class="extiw" title="wikt:ส">ส</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB" class="extiw" title="wikt:ห">ห</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AC" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฬ">ฬ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD" class="extiw" title="wikt:อ">อ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฮ">ฮ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AF" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฯ">ฯ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E3x </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B0" class="extiw" title="wikt:ะ">ะ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B1" class="extiw" title="wikt:ั">ั</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B2" class="extiw" title="wikt:า">า</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B3" class="extiw" title="wikt:ำ">ำ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B4" class="extiw" title="wikt:ิ">ิ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B5" class="extiw" title="wikt:ี">ี</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B6" class="extiw" title="wikt:ึ">ึ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B7" class="extiw" title="wikt:ื">ื</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B8" class="extiw" title="wikt:ุ">ุ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%B9" class="extiw" title="wikt:ู">ู</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%BA" class="extiw" title="wikt:ฺ">ฺ</a> </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B8%BF" class="extiw" title="wikt:฿">฿</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E4x </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80" class="extiw" title="wikt:เ">เ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81" class="extiw" title="wikt:แ">แ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:โ">โ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%83" class="extiw" title="wikt:ใ">ใ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84" class="extiw" title="wikt:ไ">ไ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%85" class="extiw" title="wikt:ๅ">ๅ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%86" class="extiw" title="wikt:ๆ">ๆ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%87" class="extiw" title="wikt:็">็</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%88" class="extiw" title="wikt:่">่</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%89" class="extiw" title="wikt:้">้</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%8A" class="extiw" title="wikt:๊">๊</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%8B" class="extiw" title="wikt:๋">๋</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%8C" class="extiw" title="wikt:์">์</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%8D" class="extiw" title="wikt:ํ">ํ</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%8E" class="extiw" title="wikt:๎">๎</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%8F" class="extiw" title="wikt:๏">๏</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E5x </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%90" class="extiw" title="wikt:๐">๐</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%91" class="extiw" title="wikt:๑">๑</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%92" class="extiw" title="wikt:๒">๒</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%93" class="extiw" title="wikt:๓">๓</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%94" class="extiw" title="wikt:๔">๔</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%95" class="extiw" title="wikt:๕">๕</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%96" class="extiw" title="wikt:๖">๖</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%97" class="extiw" title="wikt:๗">๗</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%98" class="extiw" title="wikt:๘">๘</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%99" class="extiw" title="wikt:๙">๙</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%9A" class="extiw" title="wikt:๚">๚</a> </td> <td><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%B9%9B" class="extiw" title="wikt:๛">๛</a> </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E6x </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0E7x </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td> <td bgcolor="lightgray">&#160; </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ดูเพิ่ม"><span id=".E0.B8.94.E0.B8.B9.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A1"></span>ดูเพิ่ม</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ดูเพิ่ม"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO/IEC_8859-11&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO/IEC 8859-11 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ISO/IEC 8859-11</a></li> <li><a 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transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">ด</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-คุย"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="คุยเรื่องแม่แบบ:ระบบการเขียน"><abbr title="อภิปรายแม่แบบนี้" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">ค</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-แก้"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:EditPage/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="พิเศษ:EditPage/แม่แบบ:ระบบการเขียน"><abbr title="แก้ไขแม่แบบนี้" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">ก</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ระบบการเขียน" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ระบบการเขียน">ระบบการเขียน</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3" title="ประวัติศาสตร์อักษร">ประวัติศาสตร์อักษร</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Six_glyphs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Six_glyphs.svg/75px-Six_glyphs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Six_glyphs.svg/113px-Six_glyphs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Six_glyphs.svg/150px-Six_glyphs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="80" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">รายชื่อ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87_%E0%B9%86_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3" title="รายชื่ออักษรในภาษาต่าง ๆ แบ่งตามชนิดอักษร">แบ่งตามชนิดอักษร</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a 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title="อักษรซัลเตอร์">ซัลเตอร์</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ชุดตัวอักษรซอกเดีย">ซอกเดีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรซาบาเอียน">ซาบาเอียน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรซามาริทัน">ซามาริทัน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="ชุดตัวอักษรซีรีแอก">ซีรีแอก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a 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title="อักษรสระประกอบ">อักษรสระประกอบ</a> <br /> (Abugidas)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="ตระกูลอักษรพราหมี">ตระกูลอักษรพราหมี</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรกทัมพะ">กทัมพะ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0" title="อักษรกลิงคะ">กลิงคะ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4" title="อักษรกวิ">กวิ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเบรลล์ญี่ปุ่น (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบรลล์ญี่ปุ่น</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94" title="อักษรพอลลาร์ด">พอลลาร์ด</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรเมรอยติก">เมรอยติก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boyd%27s_Syllabic_Shorthand&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Boyd&#39;s Syllabic Shorthand (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Boyd's Syllabic Shorthand</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hebrew_cursive&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hebrew cursive (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hebrew cursive</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pitman_Shorthand&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pitman Shorthand (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Pitman Shorthand</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Natural_Shorthand&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Natural Shorthand (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Thomas Natural Shorthand</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0-%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรสระ-พยัญชนะ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรสระ-พยัญชนะ</a> <br /> (Alphabets)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Linear</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรกรีก">กรีก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรกลาโกลิติก">กลาโกลิติก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรกอธิก">กอธิก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรคอปติก">คอปติก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรจอร์เจีย">จอร์เจีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรซีริลลิก">ซีริลลิก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="อักษรทิฟินาค">ทิฟินาค</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรไทลื้อ">ไทลื้อ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรบัสซา">บัสซา</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9" title="อักษรเบยทากุกจู">เบยทากุกจู</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรโบสถ์สลาโวนิกโบราณ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">โบสถ์สลาโวนิกโบราณ</a> &#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" title="อักษรเปอร์มิกโบราณ">เปอร์มิกโบราณ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรฟราเซอร์">ฟราเซอร์</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรมองโกเลีย">มองโกเลีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรแมนจู">แมนจู</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรรูน">รูน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรรูนฮังการี">รูนฮังการี</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรละติน">ละติน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรเวเนติก">เวเนติก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรสันถาลี">สันถาลี</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอเวสตะ">อเวสตะ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรออร์คอน">ออร์คอน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ชุดตัวอักษรอาร์มีเนีย">อาร์มีเนีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอิตาลีโบราณ">อิตาลีโบราณ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ชุดตัวอักษรอิสมาน">อิสมาน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอีทรัสคัน">อีทรัสคัน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81" title="อักษรอึนโก">อึนโก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรเอลบ์ซาน">เอลบ์ซาน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรโอคัม">โอคัม</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A" title="อักษรไอริช">ไอริช</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%A5" title="อักษรฮันกึล">ฮันกึล</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greco-Iberian_alphabet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Greco-Iberian alphabet (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Greco-Iberian alphabet</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandaic_alphabet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandaic alphabet (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Mandaic</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Chiki_script&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ol Chiki script (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ol Chiki</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shavian_alphabet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Shavian alphabet (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Shavian alphabet</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visible_Speech&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Visible Speech (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Visible Speech</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ชวเลขเกรกก์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชวเลขเกรกก์</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ชวเลขกาเบลสแบร์เกอร์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชวเลขกาเบลสแบร์เกอร์</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ชวเลขอีเคลกติก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ชวเลขอีเคลกติก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<br /> <b>Non-linear</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรเบรลล์">เบรลล์</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเบรลล์ฮีบรู (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบรลล์ฮีบรู</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเบรลล์เกาหลี (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เบรลล์เกาหลี</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA" title="รหัสมอร์ส">รหัสมอร์ส</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="การตีธงสัญญาณ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">การตีธงสัญญาณ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/International_maritime_signal_flags" class="mw-redirect" title="International maritime signal flags">ธงประมวลสากล</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Point&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Point (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">New York Point</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaphore_line&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Semaphore line (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Semaphore line</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรคติ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรคติ</a>และ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรภาพ">อักษรภาพ</a> <br /> (Ideograms &amp;<br /> Pictograms)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรตงปา">ตงปา</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blissymbol&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Blissymbol (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Blissymbol</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=DanceWriting&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="DanceWriting (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">DanceWriting</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mi%27kmaq_hieroglyphic_writing&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mi&#39;kmaq hieroglyphic writing (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Mi'kmaq</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Epoch_Notation_Painting&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="New Epoch Notation Painting (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">New Epoch Notation Painting</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=SignWriting&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SignWriting (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">SignWriting</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรคำ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรคำ</a> <br /> (Logograms)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>พื้นฐานจากอียิปต์</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรเดโมติก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เดโมติก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="เฮียราติก (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">เฮียราติก</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="ไฮโรกลิฟ">ไฮโรกลิฟ</a> <br /> <p><b>พื้นฐานจากพยางค์</b>: <b>อักษรในอานาโตเลีย</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรคาเรีย">คาเรีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรลิเชีย">ลิเชีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรลิเดีย">ลิเดีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรลูเวีย">ลูเวีย</a>)&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรรูปลิ่ม">รูปลิ่ม</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรซูเมอร์">ซูเมอร์</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94" title="อักษรแอกแคด">แอกแคด</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรอีลาไมต์">อีลาไมต์</a>)&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรตงปา">ตงปา</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95" title="อักษรตังกุต">ตังกุต</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรมายา">มายา</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรอี้">อี้</a><br /> <b>พื้นฐานจากอักษรจีน</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4" title="คันจิ">คันจิ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรคีตัน">คีตัน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรจีน">อักษรจีน</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรจีนตัวเต็ม">ตัวเต็ม</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรจีนตัวย่อ">ตัวย่อ</a>)&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1" title="จื๋อโนม">จื๋อโนม</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรจูร์เชน">จูร์เชน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรน่าซี">น่าซี</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="สือดิบผู้จ่อง">สือดิบผู้จ่อง</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="ฮันจา">ฮันจา</a> <br /> </p> <b>อื่น ๆ</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ระบบการเขียนในอเมริกากลาง">อเมริกากลาง</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="อักษรวินคา">วินคา</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B6%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรกึ่งพยางค์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อักษรกึ่งพยางค์</a> <br /> (Semi-syllabaries)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Full semi-syllabaries</b>: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="อักษรเซลติเบเรียน">เซลติเบเรียน</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อักษรไอบีเรีย">ไอบีเรีย</a> <br /> <b>Redundant semi-syllabaries</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Southwestern_script&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Southwestern script (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Southwestern script</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรพยางค์ 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title="อักษรเมนเด">เมนเด</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="อักษรโลมา">โลมา</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรลิเนียร์เอ">ลิเนียร์เอ</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5" title="อักษรลิเนียร์บี">ลิเนียร์บี</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A7" title="อักษรไว">ไว</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="อักษรอฟากา (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">อฟากา</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a 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title="อักษรคาร์เรีย">คาร์เรีย</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95" title="อักษรแบล็กฟุต">แบล็กฟุต </a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95" title="อักษรอินุกติตุต">อินุกติตุต</a>&#160;<b>&#183;</b>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7" title="อักษรโอจิบเว">โอจิบเว</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c654d589‐9ncxn Cached time: 20241108055930 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.567 seconds Real time usage: 0.714 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 6033/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 158365/2097152 bytes Template 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