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class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Mantle" title="Lee Mantle – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lee Mantle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%84" title="لی منتل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لی منتل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%84" title="لى مانتل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لى مانتل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (1851–1934)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Lee Mantle</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lee_Mantle_U.S._Senator_from_Montana_(1895)_by_James_Presley_Ball_(Detail).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Lee_Mantle_U.S._Senator_from_Montana_%281895%29_by_James_Presley_Ball_%28Detail%29.jpg/220px-Lee_Mantle_U.S._Senator_from_Montana_%281895%29_by_James_Presley_Ball_%28Detail%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Lee_Mantle_U.S._Senator_from_Montana_%281895%29_by_James_Presley_Ball_%28Detail%29.jpg/330px-Lee_Mantle_U.S._Senator_from_Montana_%281895%29_by_James_Presley_Ball_%28Detail%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Lee_Mantle_U.S._Senator_from_Montana_%281895%29_by_James_Presley_Ball_%28Detail%29.jpg/440px-Lee_Mantle_U.S._Senator_from_Montana_%281895%29_by_James_Presley_Ball_%28Detail%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1334" data-file-height="1334" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 16, 1895 – March 3, 1899</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_F._Sanders" title="Wilbur F. Sanders">Wilbur F. Sanders</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark" title="William A. Clark">William A. Clark</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana">Butte, Montana</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1892–1893</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Henry J. Mueller</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Eugene O. Dugan</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Speaker of the <a href="/wiki/Montana_Territory" title="Montana Territory">Montana Territory</a> House of Representatives</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1889–1889</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">F. K. Armstrong</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Charles P. Blakely (As <a href="/wiki/List_of_Speakers_of_the_Montana_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Speakers of the Montana House of Representatives">Speaker</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Montana_House_of_Representatives" title="Montana House of Representatives">Montana House of Representatives</a>)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Montana_Territory" title="Montana Territory">Montana Territory</a> House of Representatives from <a href="/wiki/Silver_Bow_County,_Montana" title="Silver Bow County, Montana">Silver Bow County</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1889–1889<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with E. Congdon, W. H. Roberts</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">C. W. Hanscom, William Thompson</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">L. T. Schmidt, J. K. Clark, F. T. Courtney, J. A. Hogan, H. L. Frank, W. J. Penrose, J. W. Gilligan, A. M. Day, A. M. Dusseault, W. Thompson (As members of the <a href="/wiki/Montana_House_of_Representatives" title="Montana House of Representatives">Montana House of Representatives</a>)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1887–1889<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with C. W. Hanscom, William Thompson</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">J. T. Baldwin, John F. Forbis, W. O. Speer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Lee Mantle, E. Congdon, W. H. Roberts</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1883–1885<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with John F. Forbis, Daniel O'Grady</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">John M. Bell, Israel Clem, Stephen DeWolfe, C. B. Houser, R. G. Humber, J. K. Pardee (from <a href="/wiki/Deer_Lodge_County,_Montana" title="Deer Lodge County, Montana">Deer Lodge County</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">J. T. Baldwin, John F. Forbis, W. O. Speer</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Theophilus Washington Mantle</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1851-12-13</span>)</span>December 13, 1851<br /><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">November 18, 1934<span style="display:none">(1934-11-18)</span> (aged 82)<br /><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Mount Moriah Cemetery, Butte, Montana</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Republican_Party" title="Silver Republican Party">Silver Republican</a> (1896-1900)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Etta Daly (M. 1922-1934, his death)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Newspaper publisher<br />Businessman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Lee_Mantle.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lee Mantle's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Signature_of_Lee_Mantle.png/128px-Signature_of_Lee_Mantle.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Signature_of_Lee_Mantle.png/192px-Signature_of_Lee_Mantle.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Signature_of_Lee_Mantle.png/256px-Signature_of_Lee_Mantle.png 2x" data-file-width="291" data-file-height="93" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lee Mantle</b> (December 13, 1851 – November 18, 1934) was an English-born American businessman and politician from <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>, he was most notable for his service as a <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">United States Senator</a> from 1895 to 1899. </p><p>Mantle was born in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> on December 13, 1851. His father died before Mantle was born, and his mother converted to <a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a> and immigrated to the United States with her children. The family settled in <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> in 1864. Upon observing that Mormons were practicing <a href="/wiki/Plural_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Plural marriage">polygamy</a>, Mantle's mother decided she had been deceived by the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_missionaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon missionaries">church missionaries</a> who had recruited her, and the Mantles renounced the <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">LDS Church</a>. </p><p>Mantle attended a village school and moved to <a href="/wiki/Idaho_Territory" title="Idaho Territory">Idaho Territory</a> in 1870, where he was a telegraph operator and stage agent for Western Union. He moved to <a href="/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana">Butte, Montana</a> in 1877 and became agent of the <a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Express_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Wells Fargo Express Co.">Wells-Fargo Express Co.</a> Mantle was one of the organizers of Butte as a city, and in 1880 served on its first board of aldermen. In 1881, he established the <i>Daily Inter Mountain</i>, the first <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> newspaper in Western Montana. He was elected to the Territorial house of representatives in 1882, 1886, and 1888, and served as speaker in 1889. He was mayor of Butte from 1892 to 1893. </p><p>In 1893, Mantle was appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy for the term beginning on commencing March 4. He was not seated because the Senate determined that the governor did not have the power to make an appointment while the legislature was in session. He was later elected by the legislature, and he served from January 16, 1895, to March 3, 1899. In 1896, Mantle joined the <a href="/wiki/Silver_Republican_Party" title="Silver Republican Party">Silver Republican Party</a> and served as its chairman in Montana. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. Senate nomination in 1899, and returned to the Republican Party in 1900. </p><p>Mantle was publisher of the <i>Inter Mountain</i> until 1901 and became wealthy through investments and ownership stakes in real estate, mines, insurance, and other ventures. In 1921, he moved to California. A bachelor until 1922, at age 70 he married a 25-year-old woman he had known since she was a child. They were married until his death, and were the parents of a son. Mantle died <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> on November 18, 1934. He was interred at Mount Moriah Cemetery in Butte. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Mantle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Theophilus Washington Mantle,<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 2">: 2 </span></sup> usually known as Lee Mantle, was born in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> on December 13, 1851, a son of Joseph Mantle and Mary Susan (Patrick) Mantle.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father died before he was born, and support of the family fell to Mantle's mother.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A convert to <a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a>, in 1864 she brought her family of four boys and three girls to the United States, and they settled in <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Standard_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Standard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After deciding that the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_missionaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon missionaries">Mormon missionaries</a> who had recruited her had not been truthful with respect to the church's practice of <a href="/wiki/Plural_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Plural marriage">polygamy</a>, the Mantles renounced their affiliation.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lee Mantle attended local schools and was "placed out" to work for his room and board beginning at age 10.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He worked for several years as a cattle herder and farm laborer, earning $50 (about $1,025 in 2020) a year for his family in addition to his food and shelter.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At age 16 he obtained a job with the <a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific_Railroad" title="Union Pacific Railroad">Union Pacific Railroad</a>, which employed him as a teamster to haul ties and other supplies and equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Union Pacific and <a href="/wiki/Central_Pacific_Railroad" title="Central Pacific Railroad">Central Pacific</a> completed the first <a href="/wiki/First_transcontinental_railroad" title="First transcontinental railroad">First transcontinental railroad</a> at <a href="/wiki/Promontory_Point_(Utah)" title="Promontory Point (Utah)">Promontory Point</a>, Utah in 1869, Mantle walked to <a href="/wiki/Malad_City,_Idaho" title="Malad City, Idaho">Malad City, Idaho</a> (about 125 miles).<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Malad City, Mantle was hired by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._White_(Montana_politician)" title="Benjamin F. White (Montana politician)">Benjamin F. White</a> to drive an ox team and wagon at White's <a href="/wiki/Saltworks" class="mw-redirect" title="Saltworks">saltworks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After two years at the saltworks, in 1872 Mantle arranged to learn telegraphy from an experienced operator, who agreed to train him on the condition that Mantle maintain the <a href="/wiki/Western_Union" title="Western Union">Western Union</a> line along the Central Pacific tracks between <a href="/wiki/Green_River,_Utah" title="Green River, Utah">Green River, Utah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ogden,_Utah" title="Ogden, Utah">Ogden, Utah</a> during the winter months.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1873, Mantle was assigned as a telegrapher at the Western Union office on the stagecoach line between <a href="/wiki/Corinne,_Utah" title="Corinne, Utah">Corinne, Utah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena, Montana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year later, he purchased the station near <a href="/wiki/Haskell_Pass" title="Haskell Pass">Haskell Pass</a> in <a href="/wiki/Flathead_County,_Montana" title="Flathead County, Montana">Flathead County, Montana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mantle was the Western Union telegraph operator and postmaster, and also purchased an interest in a <a href="/wiki/Toll_road" title="Toll road">toll road</a> through <a href="/wiki/Monida_Pass" title="Monida Pass">Monida Pass</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1877, Mantle sold his Haskell Pass businesses and moved to <a href="/wiki/Butte,_Montana" title="Butte, Montana">Butte, Montana</a>, where he was employed as telegrapher by <a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo_%26_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Wells Fargo & Company">Wells Fargo & Company</a> and also started the city's first insurance brokerage.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Entering politics as a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>, Mantle was one of the leaders of the effort to incorporate Butte as a city.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The effort was successful, and in 1880, Mantle was elected to Butte's first board of aldermen.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Continued_career">Continued career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Mantle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Continued career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1881, Mantle started the <i>Daily Inter Mountain</i>, the first Republican newspaper in <a href="/wiki/Western_Montana" title="Western Montana">Western Montana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through the paper's editorial stance, Mantle became a Republican leader and largely shaped the party's organization and policies in Montana.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected to the legislature of <a href="/wiki/Montana_Territory" title="Montana Territory">Montana Territory</a> in 1882.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/John_Schuyler_Crosby" title="John Schuyler Crosby">John Schuyler Crosby</a> left the <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Montana#Governors_of_Montana_Territory" title="List of governors of Montana">territorial governorship</a> in 1884, Mantle was the candidate of Western Montana to replace him, but <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Montana" title="Eastern Montana">Eastern Montana</a> Republicans prevailed in obtaining the appointment for <a href="/wiki/B._Platt_Carpenter" title="B. Platt Carpenter">B. Platt Carpenter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mantle was a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/1884_Republican_National_Convention" title="1884 Republican National Convention">1884 Republican National Convention</a>, and supported <a href="/wiki/George_F._Edmunds" title="George F. Edmunds">George F. Edmunds</a> for president.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1886, Mantle was elected to a second term in the Territorial House.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Pacific_Railway" title="Northern Pacific Railway">Northern Pacific Railway</a> attempted to obtain large grants of land in Montana from the federal government, Mantle was chosen president of the Mineral Land Association, the citizens' group formed to oppose the Northern Pacific.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The association's lobbying and legal efforts proved successful, and the NP did not acquire the land it sought.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1888, Mantle was again elected to the legislature, the territory's last, and he was chosen to serve as Speaker of the House.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Montana was admitted to the Union in 1890, Mantle was a candidate for the U.S. Senate, and narrowly lost in the legislature's Republican caucus to <a href="/wiki/Wilbur_F._Sanders" title="Wilbur F. Sanders">Wilbur F. Sanders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Power" title="Thomas C. Power">Thomas C. Power</a>, who were elected.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1890 and 1892, Mantle was chairman of Montana's state Republican convention.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1892 he was elected chairman of the state Republican executive committee.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also elected mayor of Butte in 1892, and he served one term.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Sanders' U.S. Senate term expired in 1893, the <a href="/wiki/Montana_Legislature" title="Montana Legislature">Montana Legislature</a> was unable to agree on a successor.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Governor <a href="/wiki/John_E._Rickards" title="John E. Rickards">John E. Rickards</a> appointed Mantle to fill the vacancy, but the Senate refused to seat him on the grounds that the governor could not make an appointment while the legislature was in session.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 1893, Mantle was named chairman of the state commission that organized Montana's participation at the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Columbian_Exposition" title="World's Columbian Exposition">World's Columbian Exposition</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Standard_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Standard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States_Senator">United States Senator</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Mantle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United States Senator"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sanders' seat remained vacant until January 1895, when the legislature elected Mantle as his successor.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served one partial term, January 16, 1895, to March 3, 1899.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Senate, Mantle served on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Finance" title="United States Senate Committee on Finance">Finance Committee</a>, where he worked to obtain passage of amendments to the <a href="/wiki/Dingley_Act" title="Dingley Act">Dingley Act</a> tariff which were favored by the National Wool Growers Association.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mantle was also an advocate of the <a href="/wiki/Free_silver" title="Free silver">Free silver</a> movement, which many Montana miners favored in the belief that it would make their holdings more valuable.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of this view, in 1896, Mantle joined the <a href="/wiki/Silver_Republican_Party" title="Silver Republican Party">Silver Republican Party</a> and became its chairman in Montana.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Senate in 1899.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1900, he returned to the Republican Party.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another Mantle cause in the Senate was protecting Montana timber interests.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 121–122">: 121–122 </span></sup> In 1897, outgoing President <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> withdrew six million acres of forest land from the public domain to be set aside as a timber reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 121–122">: 121–122 </span></sup> In Mantle's view, this move threatened Montana's mining interests, which depended on timber when opening and expanding mines.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 121–122">: 121–122 </span></sup> He also viewed Cleveland's move as a threat to Montana logging companies, since removing the land from public domain prevented them from harvesting trees for production of wood and paper products.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 121–122">: 121–122 </span></sup> After <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a> succeeded Cleveland, he reduced the size of the timber reserve by more than 700,000 acres.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Mantle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After leaving the Senate, Mantle resumed his business interests.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With partner Charles S. Warren, he held ownership stakes in the Silver Bow Electric Company, commercial real estate, mines, insurance companies, and publishing houses.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a noted civic activist, and his memberships included the <a href="/wiki/Freemasons" class="mw-redirect" title="Freemasons">Masons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benevolent_and_Protective_Order_of_Elks" title="Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks">Elks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Pythias" title="Knights of Pythias">Knights of Pythias</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Club" title="Rocky Mountain Club">Rocky Mountain Club</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1901, Mantle was again a candidate for the U.S. Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158–159">: 158–159 </span></sup> Both seats were up for election, and former Senator <a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark" title="William A. Clark">William A. Clark</a> was chosen for one.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158–159">: 158–159 </span></sup> Mantle was a major candidate for the other, but after the legislature was deadlocked for over a month, Republican legislators decided to back <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Thomas H. Carter</a>, who lost to Democrat <a href="/wiki/Paris_Gibson" title="Paris Gibson">Paris Gibson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158–159">: 158–159 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1902, Mantle was a delegate to the state Republican convention, and he was chairman of the state party's 1904 convention.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158–159">: 158–159 </span></sup> He was also a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/1904_Republican_National_Convention" title="1904 Republican National Convention">1904 Republican National Convention</a>, which unanimously nominated <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> for a full term as president and <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Charles W. Fairbanks</a> for vice president.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158–159">: 158–159 </span></sup> He declined the party's nomination for governor in 1904, but accepted election as the state Republican Party chairman.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158–159">: 158–159 </span></sup> In that fall's election, his efforts led Republicans to victory in the down-ballot statewide races, but Democrats won the governorship and lieutenant governorship.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 158–159">: 158–159 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1902, the Montana Legislature named Mantle to the commission responsible for the state's participation in the 1904 <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase_Exposition" title="Louisiana Purchase Exposition">Louisiana Purchase Exposition</a> in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a> and 1905 <a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Centennial_Exposition" title="Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition">Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition</a> in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commission chose Mantle to serve as its president, and he was responsible for creation and management of Montana's exhibits at both events.<sup id="cite_ref-Appleton's_2-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1905, Mantle was a candidate for the Republican U.S. Senate nomination, but lost to <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Thomas H. Carter</a>, who was reelected.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 160">: 160 </span></sup> In 1907, he was a candidate for the Republican nomination for U.S. senator.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 160">: 160 </span></sup> He lost to <a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Dixon" title="Joseph M. Dixon">Joseph M. Dixon</a>, who went on to win the seat.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomson_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 160">: 160 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1921, Mantle moved to <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Standard_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Standard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his marriage, he relocated to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Standard_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Standard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mantle died in Los Angeles on November 18, 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-Standard_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Standard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was buried at Mount Moriah Cemetery in Butte.<sup id="cite_ref-Standard_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Standard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Mantle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mantle remained a bachelor until 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-Wed_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wed-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At age 70, he made national headlines when he married Etta Daly (1897-1993), a 25-year-old he had known since she was a child.<sup id="cite_ref-Wed_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wed-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They remained married until his death and were the parents of a son, Lee Mantle Jr. (1922-1985).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Mantle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_who_switched_parties" title="List of United States senators who switched parties">List of United States senators who switched parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_born_outside_the_United_States" title="List of United States senators born outside the United States">List of United States senators born outside the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lee_Mantle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Thomson-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thomson_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFThomson1956" class="citation book cs1">Thomson, Janet C. (1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=4479&context=etd"><i>The Role of Lee Mantle in Montana Politics, 1889-1900: An Interpretation</i></a>. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University – via <a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Role+of+Lee+Mantle+in+Montana+Politics%2C+1889-1900%3A+An+Interpretation&rft.place=Bozeman%2C+MT&rft.pub=Montana+State+University&rft.date=1956&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=Janet+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.umt.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Freferer%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F%26httpsredir%3D1%26article%3D4479%26context%3Detd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALee+Mantle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Appleton's-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-33"><sup><i><b>ah</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-34"><sup><i><b>ai</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-35"><sup><i><b>aj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-36"><sup><i><b>ak</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-37"><sup><i><b>al</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-38"><sup><i><b>am</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appleton's_2-39"><sup><i><b>an</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomans1918" class="citation book cs1">Homans, James E., ed. (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o9lFIGx7WwQC&pg=PA504"><i>Appletons' Cyclopaedia of American Biography</i></a>. Vol. VIII. 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Sanders">Wilbur F. Sanders</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana"> U.S. senator (Class 1) from Montana</a> </b><br />January 16, 1895–March 3, 1899 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Charles_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Charles Power">Thomas C. Power</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Thomas H. Carter</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Andrews_Clark" class="mw-redirect" title="William Andrews Clark">William A. Clark</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Hansbrough" title="Henry C. Hansbrough">Henry Hansbrough</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Most senior living U.S. senator <br /> (Sitting or former) </b><br />November 16, 1933 - November 18, 1934 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Marion_Butler" title="Marion Butler">Marion Butler</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="Template:United States senators from Montana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="Template talk:United States senators from Montana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from Montana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_Montana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">United States senators from Montana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 1</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilbur_F._Sanders" title="Wilbur F. Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark" title="William A. Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Gibson" title="Paris Gibson">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Myers" title="Henry L. Myers">Myers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_K._Wheeler" title="Burton K. Wheeler">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zales_Ecton" title="Zales Ecton">Ecton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mansfield" title="Mike Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Melcher" title="John Melcher">Melcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Burns" title="Conrad Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Tester" title="Jon Tester">Tester</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Power" title="Thomas C. Power">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark" title="William A. Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Dixon" title="Joseph M. Dixon">Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Walsh" title="Thomas J. Walsh">T. Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Erickson_(Montana_politician)" title="John E. Erickson (Montana politician)">Erickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Murray" title="James E. Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Metcalf" title="Lee Metcalf">Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_G._Hatfield" title="Paul G. Hatfield">Hatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Baucus" title="Max Baucus">Baucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Walsh_(Montana_politician)" title="John Walsh (Montana politician)">J. Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Daines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Third-party_United_States_senators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Third_Party_US_Senators" title="Template:Third Party US Senators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Third_Party_US_Senators" title="Template talk:Third Party US Senators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Third_Party_US_Senators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Third Party US Senators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Third-party_United_States_senators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third-party_and_independent_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress">Third-party</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States senators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #0EBFB0;"><a href="/wiki/Nullifier_Party" title="Nullifier Party">Nullifier</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Y._Hayne" title="Robert Y. Hayne">Robert Y. Hayne</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Decatur_Miller" title="Stephen Decatur Miller">Stephen D. Miller</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Preston" title="William C. Preston">William C. Preston</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #D99FE8;"><a href="/wiki/Know_Nothing" title="Know Nothing">Know Nothing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Bell (Tennessee politician)">John Bell</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">John J. Crittenden</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy_(Maryland_politician)" title="Anthony Kennedy (Maryland politician)">Anthony Kennedy</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burton_Thompson" title="John Burton Thompson">John B. Thompson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CCCC66;"><a href="/wiki/Free_Soil_Party" title="Free Soil Party">Free Soil</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Brainerd" title="Lawrence Brainerd">Lawrence Brainerd</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">OH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Gillette" title="Francis Gillette">Francis Gillette</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hale" title="John P. Hale">John P. Hale</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Harlan_(Iowa_politician)" title="James Harlan (Iowa politician)">James Harlan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">IA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Henry Wilson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ffaacc;"><a href="/wiki/Unionist_politician_(American_Civil_War)" title="Unionist politician (American Civil War)">Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lemuel_J._Bowden" title="Lemuel J. Bowden">Lemuel J. Bowden</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown">B. Gratz Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Carlile" title="John S. Carlile">John S. Carlile</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Creswell" title="John Creswell">John Creswell</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Davis" title="Garrett Davis">Garrett Davis</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_S._Fowler" title="Joseph S. Fowler">Joseph S. Fowler</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Henderson" title="John B. Henderson">John B. Henderson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holliday_Hicks" title="Thomas Holliday Hicks">Thomas H. Hicks</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Reverdy Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_T._Patterson" title="David T. Patterson">David T. Patterson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G._Van_Winkle" title="Peter G. Van Winkle">Peter G. Van Winkle</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waitman_T._Willey" title="Waitman T. Willey">Waitman T. Willey</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wilson_(Missouri_politician)" title="Robert Wilson (Missouri politician)">Robert Wilson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF69B4;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Liberal Republican Party (United States)">Liberal Republican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Fenton" title="Reuben Fenton">Reuben Fenton</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orris_S._Ferry" title="Orris S. Ferry">Orris S. Ferry</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_C._Hamilton" title="Morgan C. Hamilton">Morgan C. Hamilton</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">TX</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schurz" title="Carl Schurz">Carl Schurz</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Trumbull" title="Lyman Trumbull">Lyman Trumbull</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 Black;"><a href="/wiki/Readjuster_Party" title="Readjuster Party">Readjuster</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Mahone" title="William Mahone">William Mahone</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_H._Riddleberger" title="Harrison H. Riddleberger">Harrison H. Riddleberger</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ACE1AF;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States)" title="People's Party (United States)">Populist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_V._Allen" title="William V. Allen">William V. Allen</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Butler" title="Marion Butler">Marion Butler</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from North Carolina">NC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander_Harris_(Kansas_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Alexander Harris (Kansas politician)">William A. Harris</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Heitfeld" title="Henry Heitfeld">Henry Heitfeld</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Kyle" title="James H. Kyle">James H. Kyle</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Peffer" title="William A. Peffer">William A. Peffer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A3BFBA;"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Party" title="Silver Party">Silver</a> or<br /><a href="/wiki/Silver_Republican_Party" title="Silver Republican Party">Silver Republican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_J._Cannon" title="Frank J. Cannon">Frank J. Cannon</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Utah" title="List of United States senators from Utah">UT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Dubois" title="Fred Dubois">Fred Dubois</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Jones_(Nevada_politician)" title="John P. Jones (Nevada politician)">John P. Jones</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lee Mantle</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">MT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Pettigrew" title="Richard F. Pettigrew">Richard F. Pettigrew</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Stewart" title="William M. Stewart">William M. Stewart</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Teller" title="Henry M. Teller">Henry M. Teller</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Colorado" title="List of United States senators from Colorado">CO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FCF5D9;"><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_League" title="Nonpartisan League">Nonpartisan League</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Frazier" title="Lynn Frazier">Lynn Frazier</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Langer" title="William Langer">William Langer</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #66FF99;"><a href="/wiki/Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Farmer–Labor Party">Farmer–Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_A._Benson" title="Elmer A. Benson">Elmer A. Benson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Johnson" title="Magnus Johnson">Magnus Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lundeen" title="Ernest Lundeen">Ernest Lundeen</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Shipstead" title="Henrik Shipstead">Henrik Shipstead</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#FFC14E;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dean_Barkley" title="Dean Barkley">Dean Barkley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence Party of Minnesota">Independence</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#66F500;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Newton_Booth" title="Newton Booth">Newton Booth</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anti-Monopoly_Party" title="Anti-Monopoly Party">Anti-Monopoly</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California" title="List of United States senators from California">CA</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#FF8C00;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_L._Buckley" title="James L. Buckley">James L. Buckley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">Conservative</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#00DDDD;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cilley_(1791%E2%80%931887)" title="Joseph Cilley (1791–1887)">Joseph Cilley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberty_Party_(United_States,_1840)" title="Liberty Party (United States, 1840)">Liberty</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#00DDDD;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_Francis" title="John Brown Francis">John B. Francis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Law_and_Order_Party_of_Rhode_Island" title="Law and Order Party of Rhode Island">Law and Order</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="List of United States senators from Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#5FD170;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette_Jr." title="Robert M. La Follette Jr.">Robert M. La Follette Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Progressive_Party" title="Wisconsin Progressive Party">Progressive</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wisconsin" title="List of United States senators from Wisconsin">WI</a>)</li> <li><span style="color:#B63434;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Miles_Poindexter" title="Miles Poindexter">Miles Poindexter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(United_States,_1912%E2%80%931920)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Party (United States, 1912–1920)">Progressive</a>–<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Washington" title="List of United States senators from Washington">WA</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Byrd_Jr." title="Harry F. Byrd Jr.">Harry F. Byrd Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(Supreme_Court_justice)" title="David Davis (Supreme Court justice)">David Davis</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hale" title="John P. Hale">John P. Hale</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jeffords" title="Jim Jeffords">Jim Jeffords</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">Angus King</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">ME</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Joe Lieberman</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Joe Manchin</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Morse" title="Wayne Morse">Wayne Morse</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oregon" title="List of United States senators from Oregon">OR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Norris" title="George W. Norris">George W. Norris</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Kyrsten Sinema</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">AZ</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Bob Smith</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third party (U.S. politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">Notable third-party performances in United States elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811907#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811907#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000040615131">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/28968375">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1633390/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkD8jvgc4tb8fgkgytMyd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2006160846">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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