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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Types of costume designers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_costume_designers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unions_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unions_in_the_United_States_and_Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Unions in the United States and Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unions_in_the_United_States_and_Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%85%D9%85_%D8%A3%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="مصمم أزياء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مصمم أزياء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Дизайнер на костюми – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дизайнер на костюми" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kost%C3%BCmbildner" title="Kostümbildner – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kostümbildner" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kost%C3%BC%C3%BCmikunstnik" title="Kostüümikunstnik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kostüümikunstnik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ενδυματολόγος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ενδυματολόγος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dise%C3%B1ador_de_vestuario" title="Diseñador de vestuario – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Diseñador de vestuario" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="طراح لباس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طراح لباس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costumier" title="Costumier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Costumier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%98%EC%83%81_%EB%94%94%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88" title="의상 디자이너 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="의상 디자이너" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostimograf" title="Kostimograf – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kostimograf" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perancang_kostum" title="Perancang kostum – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perancang kostum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costumista" title="Costumista – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Costumista" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%91_%D7%AA%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA" title="מעצב תלבושות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מעצב תלבושות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelmeztervez%C5%91" title="Jelmeztervező – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jelmeztervező" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="वेशभूषाकार – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वेशभूषाकार" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E8%A3%B3%E3%83%87%E3%82%B6%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC" title="衣裳デザイナー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="衣裳デザイナー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostymedesigner" title="Kostymedesigner – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kostymedesigner" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kledaaschmaker" title="Kledaaschmaker – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kledaaschmaker" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostiumograf" title="Kostiumograf – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kostiumograf" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figurino" title="Figurino – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Figurino" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Художник по костюмам – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Художник по костюмам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Костимограф – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Костимограф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostimografija" title="Kostimografija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kostimografija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pukusuunnittelija" title="Pukusuunnittelija – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pukusuunnittelija" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostym%C3%B6r" title="Kostymör – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kostymör" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆடைகலன் வடிவமைப்பாளர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆடைகலன் வடிவமைப்பாளர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kost%C3%BCm_tasar%C4%B1mc%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Kostüm tasarımcısı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kostüm tasarımcısı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Художник-костюмер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Художник-костюмер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Costume+designer%22">"Costume designer"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Costume+designer%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Costume+designer%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Costume+designer%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Costume+designer%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Costume+designer%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Person who designs costumes for a film, stage production or television show</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Magic_Flute_Rehearsal_%E2%80%A2_NZ_Opera_%E2%80%A2_060516_%E2%80%A2_041_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/2016_Magic_Flute_Rehearsal_%E2%80%A2_NZ_Opera_%E2%80%A2_060516_%E2%80%A2_041_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-2016_Magic_Flute_Rehearsal_%E2%80%A2_NZ_Opera_%E2%80%A2_060516_%E2%80%A2_041_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/2016_Magic_Flute_Rehearsal_%E2%80%A2_NZ_Opera_%E2%80%A2_060516_%E2%80%A2_041_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-2016_Magic_Flute_Rehearsal_%E2%80%A2_NZ_Opera_%E2%80%A2_060516_%E2%80%A2_041_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/2016_Magic_Flute_Rehearsal_%E2%80%A2_NZ_Opera_%E2%80%A2_060516_%E2%80%A2_041_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-2016_Magic_Flute_Rehearsal_%E2%80%A2_NZ_Opera_%E2%80%A2_060516_%E2%80%A2_041_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1986" data-file-height="2603" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Whiting" title="Elizabeth Whiting">Elizabeth Whiting</a>, costume designer for <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Opera" title="New Zealand Opera">New Zealand Opera</a> (2016)</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>costume designer</b> is a person who designs costumes for a film, stage production or television show. The role of the costume designer is to create the characters' outfits or costumes and balance the scenes with texture and colour, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-Landis_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The costume designer works alongside the <a href="/wiki/Theatre_director" title="Theatre director">director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scenic_design" title="Scenic design">scenic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lighting_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lighting designer">lighting designer</a>, sound designer, and other creative personnel. The costume designer may also collaborate with a hair stylist, wig master, or makeup artist. In European theatre, the role is different, as the theatre designer usually designs both costume and scenic elements. </p><p>Designers typically seek to enhance a character's personality, and to create an evolving plot of color, changing social status, or period through the visual design of garments and accessories.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They may distort or enhance the body—within the boundaries of the director's vision. The designer must ensure that the designs let the actor move as the role requires. The actor must execute the director's blocking of the production without damaging the garments. Garments must be durable and washable, especially for plays with extended runs or films with near-<a href="/wiki/Real_time_(media)" title="Real time (media)">real time</a> <a href="/wiki/Pace_(narrative)" title="Pace (narrative)">pacing</a> (meaning that most costumes will not change between scenes) but whose <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">principal photography</a> phase may stretch across several weeks. The designer must consult not only with the director, but the set and lighting designers to ensure that all elements of the overall production design work together. The designer must possess strong artistic capabilities and a thorough knowledge of pattern development, draping, drafting, textiles and fashion history. The designer must understand historical costuming, and the movement style and poise that period dress may require. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2016</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>During the late-19th century, <a href="/wiki/Theatrical_company_management" title="Theatrical company management">company managers</a> in the US usually selected costumes for a show. Many were pulled from a rental houses, only a few were designed. Though designers in other theatrical disciplines were recognized, few who specialized in costumes were. The few that were included <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Siedle" title="Caroline Siedle">Caroline Siedle</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Charles_John_Pitcher" class="mw-redirect" title="William Charles John Pitcher">C. Wilhelm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Percy_Anderson_(designer)" title="Percy Anderson (designer)">Percy Anderson</a>, and Mrs. John Alexander. They sometimes even received credit on the title page of a <a href="/wiki/Programme_(booklet)" title="Programme (booklet)">playbill</a> rather than in the back.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 20th century, film costume designers like <a href="/wiki/Edith_Head" title="Edith Head">Edith Head</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adrian_(costume_designer)" title="Adrian (costume designer)">Adrian</a> became well known. <a href="/wiki/Edith_Head" title="Edith Head">Edith Head</a> (born <b>Edith Claire Posener),</b>went on and won eight <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> for Best Costume Design between 1949 and 1973. Later, those working in television like <a href="/wiki/Nolan_Miller" title="Nolan Miller">Nolan Miller</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Dynasty_(1981_TV_series)" title="Dynasty (1981 TV series)">Dynasty</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Janie_Bryant" class="mw-redirect" title="Janie Bryant">Janie Bryant</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Men" title="Mad Men">Mad Men</a></i>), and <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Field" title="Patricia Field">Patricia Field</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_City" title="Sex and the City">Sex and the City</a></i>) became more prominent, some becoming authors and having their own clothing and jewelry lines.<sup id="cite_ref-meltzer20130919_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meltzer20130919-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_costume_designers">Types of costume designers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:lavender">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:lavender"><a href="/wiki/Costume" title="Costume">Costume</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size nopageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:P_culture.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/P_culture.svg/170px-P_culture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/P_culture.svg/255px-P_culture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/P_culture.svg/340px-P_culture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Background</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_costumes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of costumes (page does not exist)">History</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Costume_industry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costume industry (page does not exist)">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_coordination" title="Costume coordination">Costume coordination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_costume_in_Athenian_tragedy" title="Use of costume in Athenian tragedy">Use of costume in Athenian tragedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardrobe_supervisor" title="Wardrobe supervisor">Wardrobe supervisor</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Society and culture</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fursuit" title="Fursuit">Fursuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosplay" title="Cosplay">Cosplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_party" title="Costume party">Costume party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masque" title="Masque">Masque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masquerade_ball" title="Masquerade ball">Masquerade ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parade" title="Parade">Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Costume_Festival" title="World Costume Festival">World Costume Festival</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Design</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costume_design" title="Costume design">Costume design</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Costume designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_gum" title="Spirit gum">Spirit gum</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Elements and methods</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_painting" title="Body painting">Body painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disguise" title="Disguise">Disguise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fake_moustache" title="Fake moustache">Fake moustache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatsuit" title="Fatsuit">Fatsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illusion_costume" title="Illusion costume">Illusion costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inflatable_costume" title="Inflatable costume">Inflatable costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber_mask" title="Rubber mask">Rubber mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zentai" title="Zentai">Zentai</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Traditional</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Faubourg Marigny Mardi Gras costumes</li> <li>French Quarter Mardi Gras costumes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloween_costume" title="Halloween costume">Halloween costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_suit" title="Santa suit">Santa suit</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Theatrical</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costumed_performer" title="Costumed performer">Costumed performer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creature_suit" title="Creature suit">Creature suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_costume" title="Dance costume">Dance costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead-character_costume" title="Dead-character costume">Dead-character costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domino_mask" title="Domino mask">Domino mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorilla_suit" title="Gorilla suit">Gorilla suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumadori" title="Kumadori">Kumadori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leotard" title="Leotard">Leotard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantomime_horse" title="Pantomime horse">Pantomime horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_clothes" title="Stage clothes">Stage dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_the_Robot" title="Titan the Robot">Titan the Robot</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plague_doctor_costume" title="Plague doctor costume">Plague doctor costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_dress" title="Modern dress">Modern dress</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Children</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sesame_Street" title="Sesame Street">Sesame Street</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zoobilee_Zoo" title="Zoobilee Zoo">Zoobilee Zoo</a></i></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Fictional</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batsuit" title="Batsuit">Batsuit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batman%27s_utility_belt" title="Batman's utility belt">utility belt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghostface_(identity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghostface (identity)">Ghostface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Girdle_of_Gaea" title="Golden Girdle of Gaea">Girdle of Gaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monokuma" title="Monokuma">Monokuma</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_Costumes" title="Angels Costumes">Angels Costumes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild" title="Costume Designers Guild">Costume Designers Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Costume" title="Western Costume">Western Costume</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Awards</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Laurence Olivier Award for Best Costume Design">Laurence Olivier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AACTA_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="AACTA Award for Best Costume Design">AACTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Costume Design">Academy Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Movie_Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Costume Design">Africa Movie Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design">BAFTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Costume Design">Critics' Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="César Award for Best Costume Design">César</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_di_Donatello_for_Best_Costumes" title="David di Donatello for Best Costumes">David di Donatello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmfare_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design">Filmfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Arena_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Golden Arena for Best Costume Design">Golden Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IIFA_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="IIFA Award for Best Costume Design">IIFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="National Film Award for Best Costume Design">National Film Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Robert Award for Best Costume Design">Robert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design" title="Satellite Award for Best Costume Design">Satellite </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design_%E2%80%93_Contemporary_TV_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Costume Designers Guild Award for Best Costume Design – Contemporary TV Series">Costume Designers Guild (TV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild_Award_for_Excellence_in_Fantasy_Costume_Design_for_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="Costume Designers Guild Award for Excellence in Fantasy Costume Design for Film">Costume Designers Guild (fantasy)</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Costume_designers" title="Category:Costume designers">Category:Costume designers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Museums</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_National_du_Costume_de_Scene" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre National du Costume de Scene">Centre National du Costume de Scene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_Museum_of_Canada" title="Costume Museum of Canada">Costume Museum of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_Museum_(Kastoria)" title="Costume Museum (Kastoria)">Kastoria Costume Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devonshire_Collection_of_Period_Costume" title="Devonshire Collection of Period Costume">Devonshire Collection of Period Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Museum_of_Modern_Costume" title="Korea Museum of Modern Costume">Korea Museum of Modern Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalgarven_Mill_%E2%80%93_Museum_of_Ayrshire_Country_Life_and_Costume" title="Dalgarven Mill – Museum of Ayrshire Country Life and Costume">Museum of Ayrshire Country Life and Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_History_of_the_Greek_Costume" title="Museum of the History of the Greek Costume">Museum of the History of the Greek Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Costume_and_Fashion" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum of Costume and Fashion">Portugal National Museum of Costume and Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Costume" title="National Museum of Costume">Scotland National Museum of Costume</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Costume" title="Template:Costume"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Costume" title="Template talk:Costume"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Costume" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Costume"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Professional costume designers generally fall into three types: freelance, residential, and academic. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freelancer" title="Freelancer">Freelance</a> designers are hired for a specific production by a film, theatre, dance or opera company. A freelancer is traditionally paid in three instalments: Upon hire, on delivery of final renderings, and opening night of the production. Freelancers are not obligated to any exclusivity in what projects they work on, and may design for several productions hired by a specific theatre, dance or opera company for an extended series of productions. This can be as short as a summer stock contract, or may be for many years.</li> <li>A residential designer is consistently "on location" at the theater—at hand to work with costume studio and other collaborators. A residential designer's contract may limit the amounts of freelance work they are allowed to accept. Residential designers tend to be more established than strict freelancers, but this is not always the case.</li> <li>An academic designer is one who holds professorship at a school. The designer is primarily an instructor, but may also act as a residential designer to varying degrees. They are often free to freelance, as their schedule allows. In the past, professors of costume design were mostly experienced professionals that may or may not have had formal post-graduate education, but it has now become increasingly common to require a professor to have at least a <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Fine_Arts" title="Master of Fine Arts">Master of Fine Arts</a> in order to teach.</li></ul> <p>Both residential and academic designers are generally also required to act as Shop Master or Mistress of an onsite costume shop, in addition to designing productions. In a resident theatre, there is almost always a shop staff of stitchers,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> drapers, cutters and craft artisans. In an academic environment the shop "staff" is generally students, who are learning about costume design and construction. Most universities require costume design students to work a specified number of hours in the shop as part of their course work. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unions_in_the_United_States_and_Canada">Unions in the United States and Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Unions in the United States and Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Globalize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-globalize" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Globe icon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/48px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/73px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/97px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The examples and perspective in this section <b>deal primarily with the United States and Canada and do not represent a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias">worldwide view</a> of the subject</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You may <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&action=edit">improve this section</a>, discuss the issue on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Costume_designer" title="Talk:Costume designer">talk page</a>, or create a new section, as appropriate.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Alliance_of_Theatrical_Stage_Employees" title="International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees">International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees</a> is the sole union in the United States and Canada that represents costume designers. It has two local unions that costume designers can belong to: </p><p>Costume Designers Guild, Local 892 is one union that represents Costume Designers,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/United_Scenic_Artists" title="United Scenic Artists">United Scenic Artists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many costumers belong to the Motion Picture Costumers Union, Local 705 and represent every position within the costume department (except the costume designer). Local 705 represents Costume Supervisors, Key Costumers, Costumers, Tailor/Seamstress, Ager/Dyer, Cutter/Fitters, Costume House Employees and Commercial Costumers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costume_design" title="Costume design">Costume design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking">Filmmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_film_formats" class="mw-redirect" title="List of film formats">List of film formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_film-related_topics" class="mw-redirect" title="List of film-related topics">List of motion picture-related topics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Landis-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Landis_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLandis,_Deborah_Nadoolman2012" class="citation book cs1">Landis, Deborah Nadoolman (2012-03-16). <i>Filmcraft: Costume Design: Costume Design</i>. Elsevier Science. pp. Introduction. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780240818672" title="Special:BookSources/9780240818672"><bdi>9780240818672</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Filmcraft%3A+Costume+Design%3A+Costume+Design&rft.pages=Introduction&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science&rft.date=2012-03-16&rft.isbn=9780240818672&rft.au=Landis%2C+Deborah+Nadoolman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACostume+designer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">King, Kimball. <i>Western Drama through the Ages: A Student Reference Guide</i>. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007. 534. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-meltzer20130919-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-meltzer20130919_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeltzer2013" class="citation news cs1">Meltzer, Marisa (2013-09-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/19/fashion/costume-designers-for-tv-have-a-big-impact-on-fashion.html">"Get Me Wardrobe!"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. E1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Get+Me+Wardrobe%21&rft.pages=E1&rft.date=2013-09-19&rft.aulast=Meltzer&rft.aufirst=Marisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F09%2F19%2Ffashion%2Fcostume-designers-for-tv-have-a-big-impact-on-fashion.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACostume+designer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreedictionary.com/stitcher">"stitcher"</a>, <i>The Free Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-30</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Free+Dictionary&rft.atitle=stitcher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreedictionary.com%2Fstitcher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACostume+designer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.costumedesignersguild.com/">"Costume Designers Guild, I.A.T.S.E. Local 892"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Costume+Designers+Guild%2C+I.A.T.S.E.+Local+892&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.costumedesignersguild.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACostume+designer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usa829.org/">Local 829</a> usa829.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.motionpicturecostumers.org/local705/">Local 705</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005081701/http://www.motionpicturecostumers.org/local705/">Archived</a> 2013-10-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> motionpicturecostumers.org</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Costume_designers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Costume designers">Costume designers</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.costumedesignersguild.com">Costume Designers Guild</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_crew_(filmmaking)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_crew" title="Template:Film crew"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_crew" title="Template talk:Film crew"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_crew" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film crew"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_crew_(filmmaking)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film_crew" title="Film crew">Film crew</a> (<a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking">filmmaking</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Above_the_line" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Above-the-line_(filmmaking)" title="Above-the-line (filmmaking)">Above the line</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actor" title="Actor">Actor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leading_actor" title="Leading actor">Leading actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supporting_actor" title="Supporting actor">Supporting actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensemble_cast" title="Ensemble cast">Ensemble cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_actor" title="Character actor">Character actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_actor" title="Child actor">Child actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameo_appearance" title="Cameo appearance">Cameo actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bit_part" title="Bit part">Bit actor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under-five" title="Under-five">Under-five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_acting" title="Voice acting">Voice actor</a></li></ul></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/Film_director" title="Film director">Film director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter">Screenwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_producer" title="Film producer">Film producer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_producer" title="Executive producer">Executive producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_producer" title="Line producer">Line producer</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Below_the_line" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Below-the-line_(filmmaking)" title="Below-the-line (filmmaking)">Below the line</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pre-production/Production" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pre-production" title="Pre-production">Pre-production</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Unit production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_coordinator" title="Production coordinator">Production coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_accountant" class="mw-redirect" title="Production accountant">Production accountant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">Assistant director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_assistant" title="Production assistant">Production assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_supervisor" title="Script supervisor">Script supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_coordinator" title="Script coordinator">Script coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casting_(performing_arts)" title="Casting (performing arts)">Casting director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_manager" title="Location manager">Location manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_scouting" title="Location scouting">Location scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyboard_artist" title="Storyboard artist">Storyboard artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Photography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">Cinematographer / director of photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_operator" title="Camera operator">Camera operator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Focus_puller" title="Focus puller">Focus puller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapper_loader" title="Clapper loader">Clapper loader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steadicam" title="Steadicam">Steadicam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_imaging_technician" title="Digital imaging technician">Digital imaging technician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_unit" title="Second unit">Second unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaffer_(occupation)" title="Gaffer (occupation)">Gaffer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Best_boy" title="Best boy">Best boy electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_technician" title="Lighting technician">Lighting technician</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_grip" title="Key grip">Key grip</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Best_boy" title="Best boy">Best boy grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolly_grip" title="Dolly grip">Dolly grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grip_(occupation)" title="Grip (occupation)">Grip</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production <br /> design</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Set_(film_and_TV_scenery)" title="Set (film and TV scenery)">Sets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">Production designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_director#In_film" title="Art director">Art director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_decorator" title="Set decorator">Set decorator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_dresser" title="Set dresser">Set dresser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_gang" title="Swing gang">Swing gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matte_painting" title="Matte painting">Matte painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scenic_design" title="Scenic design">Scenic design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensman" title="Greensman">Greensman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Props" class="mw-redirect" title="Props">Props</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Property_master" title="Property master">Property master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_master" title="Weapons master">Weapons master</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Costume" title="Costume">Wardrobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Costume designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardrobe_supervisor" title="Wardrobe supervisor">Wardrobe supervisor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">Special<br />effects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_effects_supervisor" title="Special effects supervisor">Special effects supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects_supervisor" title="Visual effects supervisor">Visual effects supervisor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hairdresser" title="Hairdresser">Hairdresser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make-up_artist" title="Make-up artist">Make-up artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sound_design" title="Sound design">Sound</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_audiography" title="Director of audiography">Director of audiography / sound director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_sound_mixer" title="Production sound mixer">Production sound mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_operator_(media)" title="Boom operator (media)">Boom operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_sound_technician" title="Utility sound technician">Utility sound technician</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animation_department" title="Animation department">Animation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animator" title="Animator">Animator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">Visual effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_model" title="Conceptual model">Modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skeletal_animation" title="Skeletal animation">Rigging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layout_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Layout artist">Layout artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Talent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acting" title="Acting">Acting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acting_coach" title="Acting coach">Acting coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_double" class="mw-redirect" title="Body double">Body double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialect_coach" title="Dialect coach">Dialect coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_director" title="Movement director">Movement director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choreography" title="Choreography">Choreographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extra_(acting)" title="Extra (acting)">Extra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talent_agent" title="Talent agent">Talent agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-in" title="Stand-in">Stand-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acting_instructor" title="Acting instructor">Acting instructor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intimacy_coordinator" title="Intimacy coordinator">Intimacy coordinator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stunts" class="mw-redirect" title="Stunts">Stunts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_coordinator" title="Stunt coordinator">Stunt coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_double" class="mw-redirect" title="Stunt double">Stunt double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_performer" title="Stunt performer">Stunt performer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_combat" title="Stage combat">Stage combat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrangler_(profession)#Film_industry" title="Wrangler (profession)">Animal wrangler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">Post-production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Picture" class="mw-redirect" title="Picture">Picture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Film editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_grading" title="Color grading">Colorist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sound_design" title="Sound design">Sound</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Sound editor (filmmaking)">Sound editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_editor" title="Dialogue editor">Dialogue editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re-recording_mixer" title="Re-recording mixer">Re-recording mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foley_(filmmaking)" title="Foley (filmmaking)">Foley artist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voice_foley" title="Voice foley">Voice foley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbing_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbing (filmmaking)">Dubbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbing_(filmmaking)#ADR/post-sync" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbing (filmmaking)">ADR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbing_(filmmaking)#Subtitles" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbing (filmmaking)">Subtitles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">Score</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_supervisor" title="Music supervisor">Music supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Music editor (filmmaking)">Music editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestration" title="Orchestration">Orchestrator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">Visual<br />effects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VFX_creative_director" title="VFX creative director">VFX creative director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">Visual effects editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compositing" title="Compositing">Compositor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">Computer-generated imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics)" title="Rendering (computer graphics)">Rendering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director#Film" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unit_still_photographer" title="Unit still photographer">Unit still photographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craft_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Craft services">Craft services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Television_production" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TV_production" title="Template:TV production"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TV_production" title="Template talk:TV production"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TV_production" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TV production"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Television_production" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Television_production" class="mw-redirect" title="Television production">Television production</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Main / general</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audience" title="Audience">Audience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_network" title="Broadcast network">Broadcast network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">History of television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_crew" title="Television crew">Television crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">Television show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_studio" title="Television studio">Television studio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_apparatus_room" title="Central apparatus room">Central apparatus room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changing_room" title="Changing room">Changing room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_control" title="Master control">Master control room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_operations_center" title="Network operations center">Network operations center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_control_room" title="Production control room">Production control room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_(theatre)" title="Stage (theatre)">Stage (theatre)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_control_room" title="Transmission control room">Transmission control room</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Profiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celebrity" title="Celebrity">Celebrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_network_programming" title="Director of network programming">Director of network programming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_host" class="mw-redirect" title="Television host">Host</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/News_presenter" title="News presenter">News presenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_commentator" title="Sports commentator">Sports commentator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_director" title="News director">News director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showrunner" title="Showrunner">Showrunner</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casting_director" class="mw-redirect" title="Casting director">Casting director</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Costume designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">TV director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">Assistant director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_manager" title="Location manager">Location manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make-up_artist" title="Make-up artist">Make-up artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">Production designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Researcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Researcher">Researcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="Set designer">Set designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_producer" title="Television producer">TV producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_program_creator" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program creator">Television program creator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_producer" title="Executive producer">Executive producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_producer" title="Line producer">Line producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writer" title="Writer">Writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_writer" title="Head writer">Head writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter">Screenwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_editor" title="Script editor">Script editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_editor" title="Story editor">Story editor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_engineer" title="Audio engineer">Audio engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_operator_(media)" title="Boom operator (media)">Boom operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_operator" title="Camera operator">Camera operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">Cinematographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Videographer">Videographer</a></li> <li>Character generator (CG) <a href="/wiki/Operator_(profession)" title="Operator (profession)">operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_floor_manager" title="Studio floor manager">Studio floor manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_coordinator" title="Graphics coordinator">Graphics coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Stage manager">Stage manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaffer_(motion_picture_industry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaffer (motion picture industry)">gaffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grip_(job)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grip (job)">grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_grip" title="Key grip">Key grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolly_grip" title="Dolly grip">Dolly grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Unit production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_assistant" title="Production assistant">Production assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofer" title="Gofer">Gofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_coordinator" title="Stunt coordinator">Stunt coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">Television director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_engineering" title="Broadcast engineering">Broadcast engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director#Television" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Sound editor (filmmaking)">Sound editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foley_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Foley artist">Foley artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_grading" title="Color grading">Colorist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publicist" title="Publicist">Publicist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VFX" class="mw-redirect" title="VFX">Visual effects artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Types, formats<br />and genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_pageant" title="Beauty pageant">Beauty pageant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_of_sports_events" title="Broadcasting of sports events">Broadcasting of sports events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_commercial" class="mw-redirect" title="TV commercial">TV commercials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_television" title="Event television">Event television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_show" title="Game show">Game show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_television" title="Live television">Live television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variety_show" title="Variety show">Variety show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_crime_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Police crime drama">Police crime drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_television" title="Reality television">Reality television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">Television film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">Television show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_special" title="Television special">Television special</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Series" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_series" title="Animated series">Animated series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited-run_series" title="Limited-run series">Limited-run series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniseries" title="Miniseries">Miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedural_drama" title="Procedural drama">Procedural drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_(radio_and_television)" title="Serial (radio and television)">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soap_opera" title="Soap opera">Soap opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talk_show" title="Talk show">Talk show</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late-night_talk_show" title="Late-night talk show">Late-night talk show</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">News</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_news" title="Breaking news">Breaking news</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debate_show" title="Debate show">Debate show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_broadcasting" title="News broadcasting">News broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_commentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Political commentary">Political commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_reports" class="mw-redirect" title="Traffic reports">Traffic reports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_forecasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Weather forecasts">Weather forecasts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Valuation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audience_measurement" title="Audience measurement">Audience measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_awards" title="List of television awards">List of television awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_content_rating_system" title="Television content rating system">Television content rating system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_criticism" title="Television criticism">Television criticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Technical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_reference_monitor" title="Broadcast reference monitor">Broadcast reference monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_generator" title="Character generator">Character generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_on-screen_graphic" title="Digital on-screen graphic">Digital on-screen graphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixing_console" title="Mixing console">Mixing console</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">Microphones</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-camera_setup" title="Multiple-camera setup">Multiple-camera setup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outside_broadcasting" title="Outside broadcasting">Outside broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_truck" title="Production truck">Production truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_video_camera" title="Professional video camera">Professional video camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_lighting" title="Stage lighting">Stage lighting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_control_console" title="Lighting control console">Lighting control console</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_mixer" title="Vision mixer">Vision mixer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda-setting_theory" title="Agenda-setting theory">Agenda-setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concentration_of_media_ownership" title="Concentration of media ownership">Concentration of media ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture" title="Counterculture">Counterculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_mass_media" title="Influence of mass media">Influence of mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_activism" title="Media activism">Media activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">Media bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_manipulation" title="Media manipulation">Media manipulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_opinion" title="Public opinion">Public opinion</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Regulation" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_law" title="Broadcast law">Broadcast law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleep_censor" title="Bleep censor">Bleep censor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_law" title="Communications law">Communications law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_law" title="Entertainment law">Entertainment law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairness_Doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairness Doctrine">Fairness Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_policy" title="Media policy">Media policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_reform" title="Media reform">Media reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Media regulation">Media regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelization" title="Pixelization">Pixelization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_culture" title="Media culture">Media culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_studies" title="Media studies">Media studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_studies" title="Television studies">Television studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Stagecraft_and_scenography" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stagecraft" title="Template:Stagecraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stagecraft" title="Template talk:Stagecraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stagecraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stagecraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stagecraft_and_scenography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Stagecraft" title="Stagecraft">Stagecraft</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scenography" title="Scenography">scenography</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Scene_shop" title="Scene shop">Scene shop</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theatrical_scenery" title="Theatrical scenery">Theatrical<br /> scenery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.0em;font-weight:normal;">Fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Set_construction" title="Set construction">Set construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scenic_painting_(theatre)" title="Scenic painting (theatre)">Scenic painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scenic_design" title="Scenic design">Scenic design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_rigging" title="Entertainment rigging">Rigging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director#Theatre" title="Technical director">Technical direction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.0em;font-weight:normal;">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batten_(theater)" title="Batten (theater)">Batten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_drapes_and_stage_curtains" title="Theater drapes and stage curtains">Curtains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_(theatre)" title="Flat (theatre)">Flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_system" title="Fly system">Fly system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_(theatre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform (theatre)">Platforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scenery_wagon" title="Scenery wagon">Scenery wagons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_weight" title="Stage weight">Weights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stage_lighting" title="Stage lighting">Stage lighting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.0em;font-weight:normal;">Fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_design" title="Lighting design">Lighting design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_technician" title="Lighting technician">Lighting technician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_electrician" title="Master electrician">Master electrician</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.0em;font-weight:normal;">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barn_doors" class="mw-redirect" title="Barn doors">Barn doors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-clamp_(stagecraft)" title="C-clamp (stagecraft)">C-clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_gel" title="Color gel">Color gel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_scroller" title="Color scroller">Color scroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclorama_(theater)" title="Cyclorama (theater)">Cyclorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobo_(lighting)" title="Gobo (lighting)">Gobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_control_console" title="Lighting control console">Lighting control console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socapex" title="Socapex">Socapex connector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snoot" title="Snoot">Snoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_pin_connector" title="Stage pin connector">Stage pin connector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_hat_(lighting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Top hat (lighting)">Top hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatrical_smoke_and_fog" title="Theatrical smoke and fog">Theatrical smoke and fog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Stage_lighting_instrument" title="Stage lighting instrument">Instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beam_projector" title="Beam projector">Beam projector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellipsoidal_reflector_spotlight" title="Ellipsoidal reflector spotlight">Ellipsoidal reflector spotlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresnel_lantern" title="Fresnel lantern">Fresnel lantern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_lighting" title="Intelligent lighting">Intelligent lighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabolic_aluminized_reflector_light" class="mw-redirect" title="Parabolic aluminized reflector light">Parabolic aluminized reflector light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoop_(theater)" title="Scoop (theater)">Scoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striplight" title="Striplight">Striplight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(theatre_lighting)" title="Spotlight (theatre lighting)">Spotlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_lighting_accessories" title="Stage lighting accessories">Accessories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stage_management" title="Stage management">Stage<br /> management</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_(stage)" title="Blocking (stage)">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cue_(theatrical)" title="Cue (theatrical)">Cue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prompt_corner" title="Prompt corner">Prompt corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prompt_book" title="Prompt book">Prompt book</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costume_design" title="Costume design">Costume design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running_crew" title="Running crew">Running crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_design" title="Sound design">Sound design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prop" title="Prop">Prop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatrical_makeup" title="Theatrical makeup">Theatrical makeup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_design" title="Video design">Video design</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_stagecraft" title="Outline of stagecraft">Outline</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1323191#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kostümbildner"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4122242-8">Germany</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kostümbildnerin"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4428817-7">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="costume designers"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85033272">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="créateurs de costumes"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12320935h">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="créateurs de costumes"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12320935h">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="kostýmní výtvarníci"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph294126&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="kostýmní výtvarnice"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph905805&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&oldid=1206630432">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Costume_designer&oldid=1206630432</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fashion_occupations" title="Category:Fashion occupations">Fashion occupations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Filmmaking_occupations" title="Category:Filmmaking 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