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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>A <b>mamelon</b> (from <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> <i>mamelon</i>, "nipple") is a rock formation created by eruption of relatively thick or stiff <a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">lava</a> through a narrow vent in the bedrock.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because the lava is not fluid, it does not flow away; instead it congeals around the vent, forming a small hill or mound on the surface. The outflow from successive eruptions forms additional layers on top, and the resulting pile of layers may stand over 100 metres (330 ft) above the surrounding surface. </p><p>The term was coined by the <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> explorer and naturalist <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Bory_de_Saint-Vincent" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent">Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent</a>, to describe the central peak of the Dolomieu Crater in the <a href="/wiki/Piton_de_la_Fournaise" title="Piton de la Fournaise">Piton de la Fournaise</a> volcano on <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hanging_Rock,_Victoria" title="Hanging Rock, Victoria">Hanging Rock</a> in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> is another example of a mamelon. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mamelon_(volcanology)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breast-shaped_hill" title="Breast-shaped hill">Breast-shaped hill</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mamelon_(volcanology)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGeocaching" class="citation web cs1">Geocaching. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geocaching.com/geocache/GC1TEJB">"Geocaching - The Official Global GPS Cache Hunt Site"</a>. <i>www.geocaching.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.geocaching.com&rft.atitle=Geocaching+-+The+Official+Global+GPS+Cache+Hunt+Site&rft.au=Geocaching&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocaching.com%2Fgeocache%2FGC1TEJB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMamelon+%28volcanology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwidepanorama.org/wwp608/NickMilligan-4687.html">"Hanging Rock | World Wide Panorama"</a>. <i>The World Wide Panorama</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-12-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Wide+Panorama&rft.atitle=Hanging+Rock+%7C+World+Wide+Panorama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldwidepanorama.org%2Fwwp608%2FNickMilligan-4687.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMamelon+%28volcanology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipgp.fr/~peltier/images/2012_PeltierEtAl_Fournaise.pdf">"Internal structure and building of basaltic shield volcanoes: the example of the Piton de La Fournaise terminal cone (La Réunion)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internal+structure+and+building+of+basaltic+shield+volcanoes%3A+the+example+of+the+Piton+de+La+Fournaise+terminal+cone+%28La+R%C3%A9union%29&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipgp.fr%2F~peltier%2Fimages%2F2012_PeltierEtAl_Fournaise.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMamelon+%28volcanology%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emoji_u1f30b.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Emoji_u1f30b.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f30b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 30px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Emoji_u1f30b.svg/30px-Emoji_u1f30b.svg.png" data-alt="Stub icon" data-width="30" data-height="30" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Emoji_u1f30b.svg/45px-Emoji_u1f30b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Emoji_u1f30b.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f30b.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">This <a href="/wiki/Volcanology" title="Volcanology">volcanology</a> article is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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