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factor</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: equilibrium factor"> <meta name="keywords" content="equilibrium factor"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="equilibrium factor"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6079</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: equilibrium factor</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6079</span> Seasonal Variation of the Unattached Fraction and Equilibrium Factor of ²²²Rn, ²²⁰Rn</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajan%20Jakhu">Rajan Jakhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Mehra"> Rohit Mehra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radon (²²²Rn) and its decay products are the major sources of natural radiation exposure to general population. The activity concentrations of radon, thoron gasses, and their unattached and attached short-lived progeny in indoor environment of the Jaipur and Ajmer districts of Rajasthan had been calculated via passive measurements using the Pinhole cup dosimeter, deposition based progeny sensors (DRPS/DTPS) and wire mesh capped (DRPS/DTPS) progeny sensors. The results of this study revealed that radon and thoron concentrations (CRn, CTn) are highest in the winter season. The variation of the radon and its decay products are observed to vary seasonally, but these environmental parameters seem not to be affecting the thoron and its decay product concentrations in a regular manner. The average values of the radon and its decay products are maximum in winter and minimum in summer. The equilibrium factor for radon is observed to be 0.50, 0.47 and 0.49 in winter, rainy and summer seasons. The annual average value of the unattached fraction of the radon progeny comes out to be 0.34. On the other hand, the average value of thoron (²²⁰Rn) concentration and its equilibrium factor in the studied area comes to be 74, 39, 45 Bq m⁻³ and 0.07, 0.11, 0.07 respectively for the winter, rainy and summer seasons with the annual average value of the unattached fraction of about 0.18. The annual average radiological dose from exposure to indoor radon and thoron progeny comes out to be 0.88 and 0.78 mSv. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20factor" title="equilibrium factor">equilibrium factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radon" title=" radon"> radon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seasonal%20variation" title=" seasonal variation"> seasonal variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thoron" title=" thoron"> thoron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unattached%20fraction" title=" unattached fraction"> unattached fraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73360/seasonal-variation-of-the-unattached-fraction-and-equilibrium-factor-of-222rn-22rn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73360.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6078</span> The Unsteady Non-Equilibrium Distribution Function and Exact Equilibrium Time for a Dilute Gas Affected by Thermal Radiation Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Zakaraia%20Abdel%20Wahid">Taha Zakaraia Abdel Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The behavior of the unsteady non-equilibrium distribution function for a dilute gas under the effect of non-linear thermal radiation field is presented. For the best of our knowledge this is done for the first time at all. The distinction and comparisons between the unsteady perturbed and the unsteady equilibrium velocity distribution functions are illustrated. The equilibrium time for the dilute gas is determined for the first time. The non-equilibrium thermodynamic properties of the system (gas+the heated plate) are investigated. The results are applied to the Argon gas, for various values of radiation field intensity. 3D-Graphics illustrating the calculated variables are drawn to predict their behavior. The results are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilute%20gas" title="dilute gas">dilute gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20field" title=" radiation field"> radiation field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exact%20solutions" title=" exact solutions"> exact solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travelling%20wave%20method" title=" travelling wave method"> travelling wave method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20BGK%20model" title=" unsteady BGK model"> unsteady BGK model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreversible%20thermodynamics" title=" irreversible thermodynamics"> irreversible thermodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20non-equilibrium%20distribution%20functions" title=" unsteady non-equilibrium distribution functions"> unsteady non-equilibrium distribution functions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10132/the-unsteady-non-equilibrium-distribution-function-and-exact-equilibrium-time-for-a-dilute-gas-affected-by-thermal-radiation-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6077</span> MHD Equilibrium Study in Alborz Tokamak</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryamosadat%20Ghasemi">Maryamosadat Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Amrollahi"> Reza Amrollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plasma equilibrium geometry has a great influence on the confinement and magnetohydrodynamic stability in tokamaks. The poloidal field (PF) system of a tokamak should be able to support this plasma equilibrium geometry. In this work the prepared numerical code based on radial basis functions are presented and used to solve the Grad–Shafranov (GS) equation for the axisymmetric equilibrium of tokamak plasma. The radial basis functions (RBFs) which is a kind of numerical meshfree method (MFM) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) has appeared in the last decade and is developing significantly in the last few years. This technique is applied in this study to obtain the equilibrium configuration for Alborz Tokamak. The behavior of numerical solution convergences show the validation of this calculations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title="equilibrium">equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grad%E2%80%93shafranov" title=" grad–shafranov"> grad–shafranov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20basis%20functions" title=" radial basis functions"> radial basis functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alborz%20Tokamak" title=" Alborz Tokamak"> Alborz Tokamak</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30952/mhd-equilibrium-study-in-alborz-tokamak" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6076</span> Generalized Limit Equilibrium Solution for the Lateral Pile Capacity Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomer%20Gans-Or">Tomer Gans-Or</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shmulik%20Pinkert"> Shmulik Pinkert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The determination of lateral pile capacity per unit length is a key aspect in geotechnical engineering. Traditional approaches for assessing piles lateral capacity in cohesive soils involve the application of upper-bound and lower-bound plasticity theorems. However, a comprehensive solution encompassing the entire spectrum of soil strength parameters, particularly in frictional soils with or without cohesion, is still lacking. This research introduces an innovative implementation of the slice method limit equilibrium solution for lateral capacity assessment. For any given numerical discretization of the soil's domain around the pile, the lateral capacity evaluation is based on mobilized strength concept. The critical failure geometry is then found by a unique optimization procedure which includes both factor of safety minimization and geometrical optimization. The robustness of this suggested methodology is that the solution is independent of any predefined assumptions. Validation of the solution is accomplished through a comparison with established plasticity solutions for cohesive soils. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the applicability of the limit equilibrium method to address unresolved cases related to frictional and cohesive-frictional soils. Beyond providing capacity values, the method enables the utilization of the mobilized strength concept to generate safety-factor distributions for scenarios representing pre-failure states. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20pile%20capacity" title="lateral pile capacity">lateral pile capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slice%20method" title=" slice method"> slice method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limit%20equilibrium" title=" limit equilibrium"> limit equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobilized%20strength" title=" mobilized strength"> mobilized strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182938/generalized-limit-equilibrium-solution-for-the-lateral-pile-capacity-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6075</span> Tax Evasion and Macroeconomic (In)stability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Neng%20Wang">Wei-Neng Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jhy-Yuan%20Shieh"> Jhy-Yuan Shieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jhy-Hwa%20Chen"> Jhy-Hwa Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juin-Jen%20Chang"> Juin-Jen Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper incorporate tax evasion into a one-sector real business cycle (RBC) model to explores the quantitative interrelations between income tax rate and equilibrium (in)determinacy, and income tax rate is endogenously determined in order to balance the government budget. We find that the level of the effective income tax rate is key factor for equilibrium (in)determinacy, instead of the level of income tax rate in a tax evasion economy. Under an economy with tax evasion, the higher income tax rate is not sufficiently to lead to equilibrium indeterminate, it must combine with a necessary condition which is the lower fraction of tax evasion and that can result in agents' optimistic expectations to become self-fulfilling and sunspot fluctuation more likely to occur. On the other hand, an economy with tax evasion can see its macroeconomy become more stabilize, and a higher fraction of income tax evasion may has a stronger stabilizing effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tax%20evasion" title="tax evasion">tax evasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balanced-budget%20rule" title=" balanced-budget rule"> balanced-budget rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equlibirium%20%28in%29determinacy" title=" equlibirium (in)determinacy"> equlibirium (in)determinacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20income%20tax%20rate" title=" effective income tax rate"> effective income tax rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181651/tax-evasion-and-macroeconomic-instability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6074</span> The Behavior of Unsteady Non-Equilibrium Distribution Function and Exact Equilibrium Time for a Dilute Gas Mixture Affected by Thermal Radiation Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Zakaraia%20Abdel%20Wahid">Taha Zakaraia Abdel Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, a development of the papers is introduced. The behavior of the unsteady non-equilibrium distribution functions for a rarefied gas mixture under the effect of non-linear thermal radiation field is presented. For the best of our knowledge this is done for the first time at all. The distinction and comparisons between the unsteady perturbed and the unsteady equilibrium velocity distribution functions are illustrated. The equilibrium time for the rarefied gas mixture is determined for the first time. The non-equilibrium thermodynamic properties of the system is investigated. The results are applied to the Argon-Neon binary gas mixture, for various values of both of molar fraction parameters and radiation field intensity. 3D-Graphics illustrating the calculated variables are drawn to predict their behavior and the results are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20field" title="radiation field">radiation field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20gas%20mixture" title=" binary gas mixture"> binary gas mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exact%20solutions" title=" exact solutions"> exact solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travelling%20wave%20method" title=" travelling wave method"> travelling wave method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20BGK%20model" title=" unsteady BGK model"> unsteady BGK model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreversible%20thermodynamics" title=" irreversible thermodynamics"> irreversible thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10477/the-behavior-of-unsteady-non-equilibrium-distribution-function-and-exact-equilibrium-time-for-a-dilute-gas-mixture-affected-by-thermal-radiation-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6073</span> Pure Scalar Equilibria for Normal-Form Games</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herbert%20W.%20Corley">Herbert W. Corley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A scalar equilibrium (SE) is an alternative type of equilibrium in pure strategies for an n-person normal-form game G. It is defined using optimization techniques to obtain a pure strategy for each player of G by maximizing an appropriate utility function over the acceptable joint actions. The players’ actions are determined by the choice of the utility function. Such a utility function could be agreed upon by the players or chosen by an arbitrator. An SE is an equilibrium since no players of G can increase the value of this utility function by changing their strategies. SEs are formally defined, and examples are given. In a greedy SE, the goal is to assign actions to the players giving them the largest individual payoffs jointly possible. In a weighted SE, each player is assigned weights modeling the degree to which he helps every player, including himself, achieve as large a payoff as jointly possible. In a compromise SE, each player wants a fair payoff for a reasonable interpretation of fairness. In a parity SE, the players want their payoffs to be as nearly equal as jointly possible. Finally, a satisficing SE achieves a personal target payoff value for each player. The vector payoffs associated with each of these SEs are shown to be Pareto optimal among all such acceptable vectors, as well as computationally tractable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compromise%20equilibrium" title="compromise equilibrium">compromise equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greedy%20equilibrium" title=" greedy equilibrium"> greedy equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal-form%20game" title=" normal-form game"> normal-form game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parity%20equilibrium" title=" parity equilibrium"> parity equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pure%20strategies" title=" pure strategies"> pure strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisficing%20equilibrium" title=" satisficing equilibrium"> satisficing equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scalar%20equilibria" title=" scalar equilibria"> scalar equilibria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utility%20function" title=" utility function"> utility function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20equilibrium" title=" weighted equilibrium"> weighted equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153301/pure-scalar-equilibria-for-normal-form-games" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6072</span> Oryzanol Recovery from Rice Bran Oil: Adsorption Equilibrium Models Through Kinetics Data Approachments </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.D.%20Susanti">A.D. Susanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20B.%20Sediawan"> W. B. Sediawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.K.%20Wirawan"> S.K. Wirawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Budhijanto"> Budhijanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ritmaleni"> Ritmaleni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oryzanol content in rice bran oil (RBO) naturally has high antioxidant activity. Its reviewed has several health properties and high interested in pharmacy, cosmetics, and nutrition’s. Because of the low concentration of oryzanol in crude RBO (0.9-2.9%) then its need to be further processed for practical usage, such as via adsorption process. In this study, investigation and adjustment of adsorption equilibrium models were conducted through the kinetic data approachments. Mathematical modeling on kinetics of batch adsorption of oryzanol separation from RBO has been set-up and then applied for equilibrium results. The size of adsorbent particles used in this case are usually relatively small then the concentration in the adsorbent is assumed to be not different. Hence, the adsorption rate is controlled by the rate of oryzanol mass transfer from the bulk fluid of RBO to the surface of silica gel. In this approachments, the rate of mass transfer is assumed to be proportional to the concentration deviation from the equilibrium state. The equilibrium models applied were Langmuir, coefficient distribution, and Freundlich with the values of the parameters obtained from equilibrium results. It turned out that the models set-up can quantitatively describe the experimental kinetics data and the adjustment of the values of equilibrium isotherm parameters significantly improves the accuracy of the model. And then the value of mass transfer coefficient per unit adsorbent mass (kca) is obtained by curve fitting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption%20equilibrium" title="adsorption equilibrium">adsorption equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption%20kinetics" title=" adsorption kinetics"> adsorption kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oryzanol" title=" oryzanol"> oryzanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20bran%20oil" title=" rice bran oil "> rice bran oil </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31079/oryzanol-recovery-from-rice-bran-oil-adsorption-equilibrium-models-through-kinetics-data-approachments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6071</span> Teaching and Learning Dialectical Relationship between Thermodynamic Equilibrium and Reaction Rate Constant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Anwar">Mohammad Anwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Waliullah"> Shah Waliullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of science and technology in the present era has an urgent demand for the training of thinking of undergraduates. This requirement actively promotes research and teaching of basic theories, beneficial to the career development of students. This study clarified the dialectical relation between the thermodynamic equilibrium constant and reaction rate constant through the contrast thinking method. Findings reveal that both the isobaric Van't Hoff equation and the Arrhenius equation had four similar forms, and the change in the trend of both constants showed a similar law. By the derivation of the formation rate constant of the product (KY) and the consumption rate constant of the reactant (KA), the ratio of both constants at the end state indicated the nature of the equilibrium state in agreement with that of the thermodynamic equilibrium constant (K^θ (T)). This study has thus presented that the thermodynamic equilibrium constant contained the characteristics of microscopic dynamics based on the analysis of the reaction mechanism, and both constants are organically connected and unified. The reaction enthalpy and activation energy are closely related to each other with the same connotation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20equilibrium%20constant" title="thermodynamic equilibrium constant">thermodynamic equilibrium constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20rate%20constant" title=" reaction rate constant"> reaction rate constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PBL%20teaching" title=" PBL teaching"> PBL teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialectical%20relation" title=" dialectical relation"> dialectical relation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative%20thinking" title=" innovative thinking"> innovative thinking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161693/teaching-and-learning-dialectical-relationship-between-thermodynamic-equilibrium-and-reaction-rate-constant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6070</span> Stability of Out-Of-Plane Equilibrium Points in the Elliptic Restricted Three-Body Problem with Oblateness up to Zonal Harmonic J₄ of Both Primaries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanshio%20Richard%20Tyokyaa">Kanshio Richard Tyokyaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagadish%20Singh"> Jagadish Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we examined the location and stability of Out-Of-Plane Equilibrium points in the elliptic restricted three-body problem of an infinitesimal body when both primaries are taken as oblate spheroids with oblateness up to zonal harmonic J₄. The positions of the Equilibrium points L₆,₇ and their stability depend on the oblateness of the primaries and the eccentricity of their orbits. We explored the problem numerically to show the effects of parameters involved in the position and stability of the Out-Of-Plane Equilibrium points for the systems: HD188753 and Gliese 667. It is found that their positions are affected by the oblateness of the primaries, eccentricity and the semi-major axis of the orbits, but its stability behavior remains unchanged and is unstable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=out-of-plane" title="out-of-plane">out-of-plane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20points" title=" equilibrium points"> equilibrium points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elliptic%20restricted%20three-body%20problem" title=" elliptic restricted three-body problem"> elliptic restricted three-body problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oblateness" title=" oblateness"> oblateness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zonal%20harmonic" title=" zonal harmonic"> zonal harmonic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91381/stability-of-out-of-plane-equilibrium-points-in-the-elliptic-restricted-three-body-problem-with-oblateness-up-to-zonal-harmonic-j4-of-both-primaries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6069</span> GAC Adsorption Modelling of Metsulfuron Methyl from Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nathaporn%20Areerachakul">Nathaporn Areerachakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the adsorption capacity of GAC with metsulfuron methyl was evaluated by using adsorption equilibrium and a fixed bed. Mathematical modelling was also used to simulate the GAC adsorption behavior. Adsorption equilibrium experiment of GAC was conducted using a constant concentration of metsulfuron methyl of 10 mg/L. The purpose of this study was to find the single component equilibrium concentration of herbicide. The adsorption behavior was simulated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips isotherm. The Sips isotherm fitted the experimental data reasonably well with an error of 6.6 % compared with 15.72 % and 7.07% for the Langmuir isotherm and Freudrich isotherm. Modelling using GAC adsorption theory could not replicate the experimental results in fixed bed column of 10 and 15 cm bed depths after a period more than 10 days of operation. This phenomenon is attributed to the formation of micro-organism (BAC) on the surface of GAC in addition to GAC alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotherm" title="isotherm">isotherm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption%20equilibrium" title=" adsorption equilibrium"> adsorption equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GAC" title=" GAC"> GAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metsulfuron%20methyl" title=" metsulfuron methyl"> metsulfuron methyl</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8935/gac-adsorption-modelling-of-metsulfuron-methyl-from-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6068</span> A Study of Indoor Radon, Thoron, Their Progeny Concentration Levels and Inhalation Dose in Dwellings of Different Districts of Punjab State, India </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komal%20Saini">Komal Saini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20K.%20Sahoo"> B. K. Sahoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.S.%20Bajwa"> B.S. Bajwa </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, indoor radon and thoron concentrations have been estimated using newly developed twin cup based pin hole dosimeter with single entry face in some areas of Punjab state, India. The equilibrium equivalent concentration (EEC) of radon and thoron has also been estimated directly by using progeny sensors, fabricated by BARC, India. Observed radon and thoron concentrations varied from 38.7±5.79 to 98.7±13.11 Bq/m3 and 25.38±6.56 to 126.56±14.23 Bq/m3 with an average value of 61.59±8.11 & 70.89±9.52 Bq/m3 respectively. Average equilibrium equivalent concentration of radon and thoron was 27.98±4.66 & 2.24±0.61 Bq/m3. Calculated equilibrium factor for radon and thoron was 0.467 and 0.034 in the present study. Annual inhalation dose calculated from the present observed concentrations, varied from 1.80 to 3.60 mSv/year with an average value of 2.52 mSv/year, which is well within reference level. It has been observed from the present study that thoron is a significant contributor to the inhalation dose which is about 25% of the total inhalation dose. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radon" title="radon">radon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thoron" title=" thoron"> thoron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pin%20hole%20cup%20dosimeter" title=" pin hole cup dosimeter"> pin hole cup dosimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DTPS%2FDRPS" title=" DTPS/DRPS"> DTPS/DRPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annual%20inhalation%20dose" title=" annual inhalation dose"> annual inhalation dose</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42356/a-study-of-indoor-radon-thoron-their-progeny-concentration-levels-and-inhalation-dose-in-dwellings-of-different-districts-of-punjab-state-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6067</span> Using Axiomatic Design for Developing a Framework of Manufacturing Cloud Service Composition in the Equilibrium State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Vaziri%20Goodarzi">Ehsan Vaziri Goodarzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20Houshmand"> Mahmood Houshmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Fatahi%20Valilai"> Omid Fatahi Valilai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahidreza%20Ghezavati"> Vahidreza Ghezavati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrooz%20Bamdad"> Shahrooz Bamdad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One important paradigm of industry 4.0 is Cloud Manufacturing (CM). In CM everything is considered as a service, therefore, the CM platform should consider all service provider's capabilities and tries to integrate services in an equilibrium state. This research develops a framework for implementing manufacturing cloud service composition in the equilibrium state. The developed framework using well-known tools called axiomatic design (AD) and game theory. The research has investigated the factors for forming equilibrium for measures of the manufacturing cloud service composition. Functional requirements (FRs) represent the measures of manufacturing cloud service composition in the equilibrium state. These FRs satisfied by related Design Parameters (DPs). The FRs and DPs are defined by considering the game theory, QoS, consumer needs, parallel and cooperative services. Ultimately, four FRs and DPs represent the framework. To insure the validity of the framework, the authors have used the first AD’s independent axiom. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axiomatic%20design" title="axiomatic design">axiomatic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing%20cloud%20service%20composition" title=" manufacturing cloud service composition"> manufacturing cloud service composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20manufacturing" title=" cloud manufacturing"> cloud manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry%204.0" title=" industry 4.0"> industry 4.0</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113120/using-axiomatic-design-for-developing-a-framework-of-manufacturing-cloud-service-composition-in-the-equilibrium-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6066</span> Economic Stability in a Small Open Economy with Income Effect on Leisure Demand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Shan%20Hsu">Yu-Shan Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies a two-sector growth model with a technology of social constant returns and with a utility that features either a zero or a positive income effect on the demand for leisure. The purpose is to investigate how the existence of aggregate instability or equilibrium indeterminacy depends on both the intensity of the income effect on the demand for leisure and the value of the labor supply elasticity. The main finding is that when there is a factor intensity reversal between the private perspective and the social perspective, indeterminacy arises even if the utility has a positive income effect on leisure demand. Moreover, we find that a smaller value of the labor supply elasticity increases the range of the income effect on leisure demand and thus increases the possibility of equilibrium indeterminacy. JEL classification: E3; O41 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indeterminacy" title="indeterminacy">indeterminacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-separable%20preferences" title=" non-separable preferences"> non-separable preferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20effect" title=" income effect"> income effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20supply%20elasticity" title=" labor supply elasticity"> labor supply elasticity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95542/economic-stability-in-a-small-open-economy-with-income-effect-on-leisure-demand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95542.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6065</span> A Computational Study on Solvent Effects on the Keto-Enol Tautomeric Equilibrium of Dimedone and Acetylacetone 1,3- Dicabonyls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imad%20Eddine%20Charif">Imad Eddine Charif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidi%20Mohamed%20Mekelleche"> Sidi Mohamed Mekelleche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Didier%20Villemin"> Didier Villemin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The solvent effects on the keto-enol tautomeric equilibriums of acetylacetone and dimedone are theoretically investigated at the correlated Becke-3-parameter-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) and second-order Møller-Plesset (MP2) computational levels. The present study shows that the most stable keto tautomer of acetylacetone corresponds to the trans-diketo, E,Z form; while the most stable enol tautomer corresponds to the closed cis-enol,Z,Z form. The keto tautomer of dimedone prefers the trans diketo, E, E form; while the most stable enol tautomer corresponds to trans-enol form. The calculated free Gibbs enthalpies indicate that, in polar solvents, the keto-enol equilibrium of acetylacetone is shifted toward the keto tautomer; whereas the keto-enol equilibrium of dimedone is shifted towards the enol tautomer. The experimental trends of the change of equilibrium constants with respect to the change of solvent polarity are well reproduced by both B3LYP and MP2 calculations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acetylacetone" title="acetylacetone">acetylacetone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimedone" title=" dimedone"> dimedone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvent%20effects" title=" solvent effects"> solvent effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keto-enol%20equilibrium" title=" keto-enol equilibrium"> keto-enol equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theoretical%20calculations" title=" theoretical calculations"> theoretical calculations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6506/a-computational-study-on-solvent-effects-on-the-keto-enol-tautomeric-equilibrium-of-dimedone-and-acetylacetone-13-dicabonyls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6506.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6064</span> A Study on the Influence of Pin-Hole Position Error of Carrier on Mesh Load and Planet Load Sharing of Planetary Gear</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung%20Min%20Kang">Kyung Min Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Mou"> Peng Mou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Xiang"> Dong Xiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gang%20Shen"> Gang Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For planetary gear system, Planet pin-hole position accuracy is one of most influential factor to efficiency and reliability of planetary gear system. This study considers planet pin-hole position error as a main input error for model and build multi body dynamic simulation model of planetary gear including planet pin-hole position error using MSC. ADAMS. From this model, the mesh load results between meshing gears in each pin-hole position error cases are obtained and based on these results, planet load sharing factor which reflect equilibrium state of mesh load sharing between whole meshing gear pair is calculated. Analysis result indicates that the pin-hole position error of tangential direction cause profound influence to mesh load and load sharing factor between meshing gear pair. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planetary%20gear" title="planetary gear">planetary gear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20sharing%20factor" title=" load sharing factor"> load sharing factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multibody%20dynamics" title=" multibody dynamics"> multibody dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pin-hole%20position%20error" title=" pin-hole position error"> pin-hole position error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21196/a-study-on-the-influence-of-pin-hole-position-error-of-carrier-on-mesh-load-and-planet-load-sharing-of-planetary-gear" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6063</span> Analysis of Nonlinear Bertrand Duopoly Game with Heterogeneous Players</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jixiang%20Zhang">Jixiang Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A dynamic of Bertrand duopoly game is analyzed, where players use different production methods and choose their prices with bounded rationality. The equilibriums of the corresponding discrete dynamical systems are investigated. The stability conditions of Nash equilibrium under a local adjustment process are studied. The stability conditions of Nash equilibrium under a local adjustment process are studied. The stability of Nash equilibrium, as some parameters of the model are varied, gives rise to complex dynamics such as cycles of higher order and chaos. On this basis, we discover that an increase of adjustment speed of bounded rational player can make Bertrand market sink into the chaotic state. Finally, the complex dynamics, bifurcations and chaos are displayed by numerical simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bertrand%20duopoly%20model" title="Bertrand duopoly model">Bertrand duopoly model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20dynamical%20system" title=" discrete dynamical system"> discrete dynamical system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20expectations" title=" heterogeneous expectations"> heterogeneous expectations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nash%20equilibrium" title=" nash equilibrium"> nash equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16405/analysis-of-nonlinear-bertrand-duopoly-game-with-heterogeneous-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6062</span> On the System of Split Equilibrium and Fixed Point Problems in Real Hilbert Spaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20O.%20Nwawuru">Francis O. Nwawuru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremiah%20N.%20Ezeora"> Jeremiah N. Ezeora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a new algorithm for solving the system of split equilibrium and fixed point problems in real Hilbert spaces is considered. The equilibrium bifunction involves a nite family of pseudo-monotone mappings, which is an improvement over monotone operators. More so, it turns out that the solution of the finite family of nonexpansive mappings. The regularized parameters do not depend on Lipschitz constants. Also, the computations of the stepsize, which plays a crucial role in the convergence analysis of the proposed method, do require prior knowledge of the norm of the involved bounded linear map. Furthermore, to speed up the rate of convergence, an inertial term technique is introduced in the proposed method. Under standard assumptions on the operators and the control sequences, using a modified Halpern iteration method, we establish strong convergence, a desired result in applications. Finally, the proposed scheme is applied to solve some optimization problems. The result obtained improves numerous results announced earlier in this direction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title="equilibrium">equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilbert%20spaces" title=" Hilbert spaces"> Hilbert spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20point" title=" fixed point"> fixed point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonexpansive%20mapping" title=" nonexpansive mapping"> nonexpansive mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extragradient%20method" title=" extragradient method"> extragradient method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regularized%20equilibrium" title=" regularized equilibrium"> regularized equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184412/on-the-system-of-split-equilibrium-and-fixed-point-problems-in-real-hilbert-spaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6061</span> Dynamic of Nonlinear Duopoly Game with Heterogeneous Players</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jixiang%20Zhang">Jixiang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanhua%20Wang"> Yanhua Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A dynamic of Bertrand duopoly game is analyzed, where players use different production methods and choose their prices with bounded rationality. The equilibriums of the corresponding discrete dynamical systems are investigated. The stability conditions of Nash equilibrium under a local adjustment process are studied. The stability conditions of Nash equilibrium under a local adjustment process are studied. The stability of Nash equilibrium, as some parameters of the model are varied, gives rise to complex dynamics such as cycles of higher order and chaos. On this basis, we discover that an increase of adjustment speed of bounded rational player can make Bertrand market sink into the chaotic state. Finally, the complex dynamics, bifurcations and chaos are displayed by numerical simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bertrand%20duopoly%20model" title="Bertrand duopoly model">Bertrand duopoly model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20dynamical%20system" title=" discrete dynamical system"> discrete dynamical system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20expectations" title=" heterogeneous expectations"> heterogeneous expectations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nash%20equilibrium" title=" nash equilibrium"> nash equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37350/dynamic-of-nonlinear-duopoly-game-with-heterogeneous-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6060</span> Effect of Transition Metal Addition on Aging Behavior of Invar Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Sik%20Kim">Young Sik Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High strength Fe-36Ni-base Invar alloys containing Al contents up to 0.3 weight per cent were cast into ingots and thermodynamic equilibrium during solidification has been investigated in this study. From the thermodynamic simulation using Thermo-Calc®, it has been revealed that equilibrium phases which can be formed are two kinds of MC-type precipitates, MoC, and M2C carbides. The mu phase was also expected to form by addition of aluminum. Microstructure observation revealed the coarse precipitates in the as-cast ingots, which was non-equilibrium phase and could be resolved by the successive heat treatment. With increasing Al contents up to 0.3 wt.%, tensile strength of Invar alloy increased as 1400MPa after cold rolling and thermal expansion coefficient increased significantly. Cold rolling appeared to dramatically decrease thermal expansion coefficient. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Invar%20alloy" title="Invar alloy">Invar alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20metals" title=" transition metals"> transition metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20equilibrium" title=" phase equilibrium"> phase equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20behavior" title=" aging behavior"> aging behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26118/effect-of-transition-metal-addition-on-aging-behavior-of-invar-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6059</span> Preference Aggregation and Mechanism Design in the Smart Grid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaid%20Jamal%20Saeed%20Almahmoud">Zaid Jamal Saeed Almahmoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart Grid is the vision of the future power system that combines advanced monitoring and communication technologies to provide energy in a smart, efficient, and user-friendly manner. This proposal considers a demand response model in the Smart Grid based on utility maximization. Given a set of consumers with conflicting preferences in terms of consumption and a utility company that aims to minimize the peak demand and match demand to supply, we study the problem of aggregating these preferences while modelling the problem as a game. We also investigate whether an equilibrium can be reached to maximize the social benefit. Based on such equilibrium, we propose a dynamic pricing heuristic that computes the equilibrium and sets the prices accordingly. The developed approach was analysed theoretically and evaluated experimentally using real appliances data. The results show that our proposed approach achieves a substantial reduction in the overall energy consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heuristics" title="heuristics">heuristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregation" title=" aggregation"> aggregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism%20design" title=" mechanism design"> mechanism design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title=" equilibrium"> equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158815/preference-aggregation-and-mechanism-design-in-the-smart-grid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158815.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6058</span> A Mathematical Model for Hepatitis B Virus Infection and the Impact of Vaccination on Its Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20G.%20Kassem">T. G. Kassem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Adunchezor"> A. K. Adunchezor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20P.%20Chollom"> J. P. Chollom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a mathematical model developed to predict the dynamics of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and to evaluate the potential impact of vaccination and treatment on its dynamics. We used a compartmental model expressed by a set of differential equations based on the characteristic of HBV transmission. With these, we find the threshold quantity R0, then find the local asymptotic stability of disease free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium. Furthermore, we find the global stability of the disease free and endemic equilibrium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatitis%20B%20virus" title="hepatitis B virus">hepatitis B virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccination" title=" vaccination"> vaccination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6070/a-mathematical-model-for-hepatitis-b-virus-infection-and-the-impact-of-vaccination-on-its-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6057</span> Controversies and Contradiction in (IR) Reversibility and the Equilibrium of Reactive Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joao%20Teotonio%20Manzi">Joao Teotonio Manzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reversibility, irreversibility, equilibrium and steady-state that play a central role in the thermodynamic analysis of processes arising in the context of reactive systems are discussed in this article. Such concepts have generated substantial doubts, even among the most experienced researchers, and engineers, because from the literature, conclusive or definitive statements cannot be extracted. Concepts such as the time-reversibility of irreversible processes seem paradoxical, requiring further analysis. Equilibrium and reversibility, which appear to be of the same nature, have also been re-examined in the light of maximum entropy. The goal of this paper is to revisit and explore these concepts based on classical thermodynamics in order to have a better understanding them due to their impacts on technological advances, as a result, to generate an optimal procedure for designing, monitoring, and engineering optimization. Furthermore, an effective graphic procedure for dimensioning a Plug Flow Reactor has been provided. Thus, to meet the needs of chemical engineering from a simple conceptual analysis but with significant practical effects, a macroscopic approach is taken so as to integrate the different parts of this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reversibility" title="reversibility">reversibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title=" equilibrium"> equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steady-state" title=" steady-state"> steady-state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamics" title=" thermodynamics"> thermodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20system" title=" reactive system"> reactive system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144272/controversies-and-contradiction-in-ir-reversibility-and-the-equilibrium-of-reactive-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6056</span> Effect of Piston and its Weight on the Performance of a Gun Tunnel via Computational Fluid Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Ahmadi">A. A. Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Pishevar"> A. R. Pishevar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nili"> M. Nili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the test gas in a gun tunnel is non-isentropically compressed and heated by a light weight piston. Here, first consideration is the optimum piston weight. Although various aspects of the influence of piston weight on gun tunnel performance have been studied, it is not possible to decide from the existing literature what piston weight is required for optimum performance in various conditions. The technique whereby the piston is rapidly brought to rest at the end of the gun tunnel barrel, and the resulted peak pressure is equal in magnitude to the final equilibrium pressure, is called the equilibrium piston technique. The equilibrium piston technique was developed to estimate the equilibrium piston mass; but this technique cannot give an appropriate estimate for the optimum piston weight. In the present work, a gun tunnel with diameter of 3 in. is described and its performance is investigated numerically to obtain the effect of piston and its weight. Numerical results in the present work are in very good agreement with experimental results. Significant influence of the existence of a piston is shown by comparing the gun tunnel results with results of a conventional shock tunnel in the same dimension and same initial condition. In gun tunnel, an increase of around 250% in running time is gained relative to shock tunnel. Also, Numerical results show that equilibrium piston technique is not a good way to estimate suitable piston weight and there will be a lighter piston which can increase running time of the gun tunnel around 60%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gun%20tunnel" title="gun tunnel">gun tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypersonic%20flow" title=" hypersonic flow"> hypersonic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piston" title=" piston"> piston</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20tunnel" title=" shock tunnel"> shock tunnel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37641/effect-of-piston-and-its-weight-on-the-performance-of-a-gun-tunnel-via-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6055</span> Effect of Al Addition on Microstructure and Physical Properties of Fe-36Ni Invar Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min">Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High strength Fe-36Ni-base Invar alloys containing Al contents up to 0.3 weight percent were cast into ingots and thermodynamic equilibrium during solidification has been investigated in this study. From the thermodynamic simulation using Thermo-Calc®, it has been revealed that equilibrium phases which can be formed are two kinds of MC-type precipitates, MoC, and M2C carbides. The mu phase was also expected to form by addition of aluminum. Microstructure observation revealed the coarse precipitates in the as-cast ingots, which was non-equilibrium phase and could be resolved by the successive heat treatment. With increasing Al contents up to 0.3 wt.%, tensile strength of Invar alloy increased as 1400MPa after cold rolling and thermal expansion coefficient increased significantly. Cold rolling appeared to dramatically decrease thermal expansion coefficient. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invar%20alloy" title="invar alloy">invar alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title=" aluminum"> aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20equilibrium" title=" phase equilibrium"> phase equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20expansion%20coefficient" title=" thermal expansion coefficient"> thermal expansion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20properties" title=" tensile properties"> tensile properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9726/effect-of-al-addition-on-microstructure-and-physical-properties-of-fe-36ni-invar-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6054</span> Bioeconomic Modeling for the Sustainable Exploitation of Three Key Marine Species in Morocco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I%20.Ait%20El%20Harch">I .Ait El Harch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Outaaoui"> K. Outaaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20El%20Foutayeni"> Y. El Foutayeni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to deepen the understanding and optimize fishing activity in Morocco by holistically integrating biological and economic aspects. We develop a biological equilibrium model in which these competing species present their natural growth by logistic equations, taking into account density and competition between them. The integration of human intervention adds a realistic dimension to our model. A company specifically targets the three species, thus influencing population dynamics according to their fishing activities. The aim of this work is to determine the fishing effort that maximizes the company’s profit, taking into account the constraints associated with conserving ecosystem equilibrium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioeconomical%20modeling" title="bioeconomical modeling">bioeconomical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20techniques" title=" optimization techniques"> optimization techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20complementarity%20problem%20LCP" title=" linear complementarity problem LCP"> linear complementarity problem LCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20equilibrium" title=" biological equilibrium"> biological equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximizing%20profits" title=" maximizing profits"> maximizing profits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191741/bioeconomic-modeling-for-the-sustainable-exploitation-of-three-key-marine-species-in-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6053</span> Response Solutions of 2-Dimensional Elliptic Degenerate Quasi-Periodic Systems With Small Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Ni">Song Ni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junxiang%20Xu"> Junxiang Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper concerns quasi-periodic perturbations with parameters of 2-dimensional degenerate systems. If the equilibrium point of the unperturbed system is elliptic-type degenerate. Assume that the perturbation is real analytic quasi-periodic with diophantine frequency. Without imposing any assumption on the perturbation, we can use a path of equilibrium points to tackle with the Melnikov non-resonance condition, then by the Leray-Schauder Continuation Theorem and the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser technique, it is proved that the equation has a small response solution for many sufficiently small parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi-periodic%20systems" title="quasi-periodic systems">quasi-periodic systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KAM-iteration" title=" KAM-iteration"> KAM-iteration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degenerate%20equilibrium%20point" title=" degenerate equilibrium point"> degenerate equilibrium point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20solution" title=" response solution"> response solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175183/response-solutions-of-2-dimensional-elliptic-degenerate-quasi-periodic-systems-with-small-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6052</span> A Game Theory Analysis of The Enuma Elish</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Kampmann%20Walther">Bo Kampmann Walther</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This essay provides an in-depth interpretation of the ancient Babylonian origin narrative, The Enuma Elish, through the lens of game theory. It examines the strategic interactions among the deities in the myth as if they were players in a game, focusing on understanding the dynamics of conflict, cooperation, and equilibrium within the narrative. The pivotal game theory concept known as Nash Equilibrium is given prominent consideration, but saddle points and optimal strategies will also be employed to uncover the decision-making processes of the divine figures, particularly in the cosmic battle for supremacy. This analysis demonstrates that the ancient narrative, beyond its mythological content, illustrates timeless principles of strategic behavior in the pursuit of game success. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enuma%20Elish" title="Enuma Elish">Enuma Elish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20theory" title=" game theory"> game theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nash%20Equilibrium" title=" Nash Equilibrium"> Nash Equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babylonian%20mythology" title=" Babylonian mythology"> Babylonian mythology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20interaction" title=" strategic interaction"> strategic interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191404/a-game-theory-analysis-of-the-enuma-elish" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6051</span> Reliability-Based Design of an Earth Slope Taking into Account Unsaturated Soil Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20T.%20Siacara">A. T. Siacara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20T.%20Beck"> A. T. Beck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Futai"> M. M. Futai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper shows how accurately and efficiently reliability analyses of geotechnical installations can be performed by directly coupling geotechnical software with a reliability solver. An earth slope is used as the study object. The limit equilibrium method of Morgenstern-Price is used to calculate factors of safety and find the critical slip surface. The deterministic software package Seep/W and Slope/W is coupled with the StRAnD reliability software. Reliability indexes of critical probabilistic surfaces are evaluated by the first-order reliability methods (FORM). By means of sensitivity analysis, the effective cohesion (c') is found to be the most relevant uncertain geotechnical parameter for slope equilibrium. The slope was tested using different geometries, taking into account unsaturated soil properties. Finally, a critical slip surface, identified in terms of minimum factor of safety, is shown here not to be the critical surface in terms of reliability index. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope" title="slope">slope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsaturated" title=" unsaturated"> unsaturated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seepage" title=" seepage"> seepage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126812/reliability-based-design-of-an-earth-slope-taking-into-account-unsaturated-soil-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6050</span> Study of Mixed Convection in a Vertical Channel Filled with a Reactive Porous Medium in the Absence of Local Thermal Equilibrium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Maidat">Hamid Maidat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khedidja%20Bouhadef"> Khedidja Bouhadef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamel%20Eddine%20Ameziani"> Djamel Eddine Ameziani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azzedine%20Abdedou"> Azzedine Abdedou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work consists of a numerical simulation of convective heat transfer in a vertical plane channel filled with a heat generating porous medium, in the absence of local thermal equilibrium. The walls are maintained to a constant temperature and the inlet velocity is uniform. The dynamic range is described by the Darcy-Brinkman model and the thermal field by two energy equations model. A dimensionless formulation is developed for performing a parametric study based on certain dimensionless groups such as, the Biot interstitial number, the thermal conductivity ratio and the volumetric heat generation. The governing equations are solved using the finite volume method, gave rise to a multitude of results concerning in particular the thermal field in the porous channel and the existence or not of the local thermal equilibrium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20thermal%20non%20equilibrium%20model" title="local thermal non equilibrium model">local thermal non equilibrium model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20convection" title=" mixed convection"> mixed convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20medium" title=" porous medium"> porous medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20generation" title=" power generation"> power generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32918/study-of-mixed-convection-in-a-vertical-channel-filled-with-a-reactive-porous-medium-in-the-absence-of-local-thermal-equilibrium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20factor&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20factor&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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