CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <script> var gform;gform||(document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?o():!gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",o):document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",o)},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("action",o,n,r,t)},addFilter:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("filter",o,n,r,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook("action",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook("filter",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,n){gform.removeHook("action",o,n)},removeFilter:function(o,n,r){gform.removeHook("filter",o,n,r)},addHook:function(o,n,r,t,i){null==gform.hooks[o][n]&&(gform.hooks[o][n]=[]);var e=gform.hooks[o][n];null==i&&(i=n+"_"+e.length),gform.hooks[o][n].push({tag:i,callable:r,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(n,o,r){var t;if(r=Array.prototype.slice.call(r,1),null!=gform.hooks[n][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[n][o]).sort(function(o,n){return o.priority-n.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){"function"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),"action"==n?t.apply(null,r):r[0]=t.apply(null,r)})),"filter"==n)return r[0]},removeHook:function(o,n,t,i){var r;null!=gform.hooks[o][n]&&(r=(r=gform.hooks[o][n]).filter(function(o,n,r){return!!(null!=i&&i!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][n]=r)}}); </script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px}</style> <link rel='preconnect' href='https://i0.wp.com' >  <title>About High Country News - High Country News</title><link rel="preload" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1" as="image" imagesrcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?w=1763&quality=100&ssl=1 1763w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=300%2C43&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1024%2C147&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=768%2C110&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1536%2C220&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1200%2C172&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1568%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=400%2C57&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" imagesizes="(max-width: 1763px) 100vw, 1763px" fetchpriority="high" /><link rel="preload" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=780%2C177&quality=100&ssl=1" as="image" imagesrcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?w=2399&quality=100&ssl=1 2399w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=300%2C68&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1024%2C233&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=768%2C174&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1536%2C349&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=2048%2C465&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1200%2C273&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1568%2C356&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=400%2C91&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?w=2340&quality=100&ssl=1 2340w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?w=370&quality=100&ssl=1 370w" imagesizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" fetchpriority="high" /><style id="perfmatters-used-css">.stick-to-top:last-child{position:sticky;top:1rem;}#page{overflow:initial !important;}.newspack_global_ad{max-width:100%;flex:1 1 auto;}.newspack_global_ad.fixed-height{padding:16px 0;box-sizing:content-box;}.newspack_global_ad.fixed-height>*{margin:0;}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:gform-icons-theme;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.woff2?cocjn") format("woff2"),url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.ttf?cocjn") format("truetype"),url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.woff?cocjn") format("woff"),url("https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/../../../fonts/gform-icons-theme.svg?cocjn#gform-icons-theme") format("svg");}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform-text-input-reset,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input.gform-text-input-reset,body[class*=avada] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input:not([type=radio]):not([type=checkbox]):not([type=submit]):not([type=button]):not([type=image]):not([type=file]).gform-text-input-reset{background-color:transparent;border:transparent;border-radius:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;outline:none;padding:inherit;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ::-ms-reveal{display:none;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_validation_container,body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_body .gform_fields .gfield.gform_validation_container,body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields .gfield.gform_validation_container,body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_validation_container{display:none !important;left:-9000px;position:absolute !important;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .chosen-container a.chosen-single{border-radius:inherit;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ul.chosen-results li{line-height:inherit;}@media only screen and (max-width:641px){.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input:not([type=radio]):not([type=checkbox]):not([type=image]):not([type=file]){line-height:2;min-height:32px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme textarea{line-height:1.5;}}@media only screen and (min-width:641px){body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.medium.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-multi[style],body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.medium.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-single[style]{width:calc(50% - 8px) !important;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.large.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-multi[style],body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.large.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-single[style]{width:100% !important;}body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.small.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-multi[style],body .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select.small.gfield_select+div.chosen-container-single[style]{width:25% !important;}}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_hidden,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_hidden{display:none;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .hidden_label .gfield_label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .hidden_sub_label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);word-wrap:normal !important;border:0;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme button.screen-reader-text:focus{clip:auto;border:0;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;height:auto;margin:0;position:static !important;width:auto;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_footer.top_label{display:table-cell;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;vertical-align:middle;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body{max-width:75%;width:auto;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label{display:table;width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield{display:table-cell;height:auto;padding-right:1em;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .large,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .medium,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .small{width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .ginput_container_checkbox .gchoice,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label .gfield .ginput_container_radio .gchoice{display:inline-block;margin-right:.5em;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label.form_sublabel_above .gfield,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gf_simple_horizontal .gform_body .top_label.form_sublabel_below .gfield{vertical-align:middle;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme body:not(.rtl) .gform_wrapper form.gf_simple_horizontal div.gform_footer.top_label{text-align:left;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield textarea{width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield textarea.large{height:288px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield select{max-width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield input.large,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield select.large{width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme *{box-sizing:border-box;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields{grid-column-gap:2%;grid-row-gap:16px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,1fr);grid-template-rows:repeat(auto-fill,auto);width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield{grid-column:1/-1;min-width:0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield.gfield--width-full{-ms-grid-column-span:12;grid-column:span 12;}@media (max-width:640px){.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields{grid-column-gap:0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield:not(.gfield--width-full){grid-column:1/-1;}}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer .gform-button--width-full.gfield--width-full{width:100%;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_label,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme code,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=email],html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=tel],html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=url]{direction:rtl;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required{margin-left:0;margin-right:4px;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ::-webkit-input-placeholder{text-align:right;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme ::-moz-placeholder{text-align:right;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme :-ms-input-placeholder{text-align:right;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme :-moz-placeholder{text-align:right;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody td,.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody th{flex-grow:1;white-space:normal;width:0;word-break:break-word;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody td.gfield_list_icons{flex-grow:unset;width:48px;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:nowrap;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr .gfield_list_cell{flex-grow:1;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr .gfield_list_cell input{width:95%;}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr{flex-flow:column;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr td:before{content:attr(data-label);font-size:14.992px;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr td{flex-grow:unset;width:auto;}.gform_wrapper.gform_legacy_markup table.gfield_list.gfield_list_container tbody tr .gfield_list_icons{height:35px;width:auto;}}.gf_browser_ie.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform-body{margin:0 -32px -32px 0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_label{display:inline-block;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;padding:0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required{color:#c02b0a;display:inline-block;font-size:13.008px;padding-left:.125em;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required .gfield_required_custom,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_required .gfield_required_text{font-style:italic;font-weight:400;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_error .gfield_repeater_cell label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_error label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_error legend,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_validation_message,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .validation_message,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme [aria-invalid=true]+label,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme label+[aria-invalid=true]{color:#c02b0a;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme button.button:disabled{opacity:.6;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme #field_submit,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer{display:flex;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme #field_submit input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input{align-self:flex-end;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme #field_submit .gform-button--width-full,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer .gform-button--width-full{text-align:center;width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .description,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_description,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gsection_description,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .instruction{clear:both;font-family:inherit;font-size:15px;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:inherit;padding-top:13px;width:100%;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer{margin:6px 0 0;padding:16px 0;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input{margin-bottom:8px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button.button:disabled,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input.button:disabled,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button.button:disabled,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input.button:disabled{opacity:.6;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button+input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input+button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input+input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button+input,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input+button,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input+input{margin-left:8px;}html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme button+input,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input+button,html[dir=rtl] .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input+input{margin-right:8px;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=number]{display:inline-block;}.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=color],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=date],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=datetime-local],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=datetime],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=email],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=month],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=number],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=password],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=search],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=tel],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=text],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=time],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=url],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type=week],.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme select,.gform_wrapper.gravity-theme textarea{font-size:15px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:8px;}</style> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.hcn.org/about/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="About High Country News - High Country News" /> <meta property="og:description" content="High Country News started with a simple yet powerful vision. In 1970, Wyoming rancher Tom Bell saw the environmental challenges of the West and decided to take a stand. From a gritty black-and-white tabloid, HCN has grown into a distinguished media voice, dedicated to providing comprehensive coverage and insights of the Western United States. More […]" /> <meta property="og:url" content="http://www.hcn.org/about/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="High Country News" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/highcountrynews" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-14T17:13:43+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@highcountrynews" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="14 minutes" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="adminnewspack" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/about/","url":"https://www.hcn.org/about/","name":"About High Country News - High Country News","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/about/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/about/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg","datePublished":"2023-04-28T22:00:59+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-14T17:13:43+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/about/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.hcn.org/about/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/about/#primaryimage","url":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?fit=2399%2C545&quality=100&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?fit=2399%2C545&quality=100&ssl=1","width":2399,"height":545},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/about/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.hcn.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"About High Country News"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#website","url":"https://www.hcn.org/","name":"High Country News","description":"A nonprofit independent magazine of unblinking journalism that shines a light on all of the complexities of the West.","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.hcn.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#organization","name":"High Country News","url":"https://www.hcn.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1","width":1763,"height":253,"caption":"High Country News"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.hcn.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/highcountrynews","https://x.com/highcountrynews","https://www.instagram.com/highcountrynews","https://www.tiktok.com/@highcountrynews","https://www.linkedin.com/company/high-country-news/"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.broadstreetads.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.parsely.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='preconnect' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="High Country News » Feed" href="https://www.hcn.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="High Country News » Comments Feed" href="https://www.hcn.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css'>.wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme :root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-right){border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-center){border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote:where(.is-style-plain){border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow [class*=wp-block-co-authors-plus]{display:inline}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignfull,.alignwide) :where(img){width:100%}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <style id='wp-parsely-recommendations-style-inline-css'>.parsely-recommendations-list-title{font-size:1.2em}.parsely-recommendations-list{list-style:none;padding:unset}.parsely-recommendations-cardbody{overflow:hidden;padding:.8em;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.parsely-recommendations-cardmedia{padding:.8em .8em 0}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'>.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'>.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}</style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'>:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #FFFFFF;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--primary: #de3610;--wp--preset--color--primary-variation: #b60e00;--wp--preset--color--secondary: #40798a;--wp--preset--color--secondary-variation: #185162;--wp--preset--color--dark-gray: #111111;--wp--preset--color--medium-gray: #767676;--wp--preset--color--light-gray: #EEEEEE;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--grad-1: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 222,54,16) 0%,rgb( 182,14,0) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-2: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 64,121,138) 0%,rgb( 24,81,98) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-3: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 17,17,17 ) 0%,rgb( 85,85,85 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-4: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 68,68,68 ) 0%,rgb( 136,136,136 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-5: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 119,119,119 ) 0%,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-6: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 0%,rgb( 255,255,255 ) 100% );--wp--preset--font-size--small: 16px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-size--normal: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge: 44px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.css?ver=1728672217"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="newspack-ads-frontend-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/includes/../dist/frontend.css?ver=1728672217"> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-block-styles-stylesheet-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/block_styles.css?ver=4.3.7' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-newsletters-subscriptions-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-newsletters/includes/../dist/subscriptions.css?ver=1731351496' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-reader-auth-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.css?ver=5.7.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-popups-view-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.css?ver=1732050979' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-style-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-scott/style.css?ver=2.2.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-print-style-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/print.css?ver=2.2.1' media='print' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-sponsors-style-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/newspack-sponsors.css?ver=2.2.1' media='all' /> <link rel="stylesheet" id="gform_basic-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/basic.min.css?ver=2.8.18"> <style id='gform_basic-inline-css'>.gform_body,.gform_footer{transition: opacity 200ms;}.amp-form-submitting .gform_body,.amp-form-submitting .gform_footer{opacity: 0.5;}.amp-form-submit-success .gform_body,.amp-form-submit-success .gform_footer{display: none !important;}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="gform_theme_components-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/theme-components.min.css?ver=2.8.18"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="gform_theme_ie11-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/theme-ie11.min.css?ver=2.8.18"> <link rel="stylesheet" id="gform_theme-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/css/dist/theme.min.css?ver=2.8.18"> <script data-cfasync="false" src="//cdn.broadstreetads.com/init-2.min.js?v=1.50.1&ver=6.7.1" id="broadstreet-init-js" defer></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/jquery.json.min.js?ver=2.8.18" id="gform_json-js"></script> <script id="gform_gravityforms-js-extra"> var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"523e8efc70a6c86462709f69b916ea6c","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gform_i18n = {"datepicker":{"days":{"monday":"Mo","tuesday":"Tu","wednesday":"We","thursday":"Th","friday":"Fr","saturday":"Sa","sunday":"Su"},"months":{"january":"January","february":"February","march":"March","april":"April","may":"May","june":"June","july":"July","august":"August","september":"September","october":"October","november":"November","december":"December"},"firstDay":0,"iconText":"Select date"}}; var gf_legacy_multi = {"7":""}; var gform_gravityforms = {"strings":{"invalid_file_extension":"This type of file is not allowed. Must be one of the following:","delete_file":"Delete this file","in_progress":"in progress","file_exceeds_limit":"File exceeds size limit","illegal_extension":"This type of file is not allowed.","max_reached":"Maximum number of files reached","unknown_error":"There was a problem while saving the file on the server","currently_uploading":"Please wait for the uploading to complete","cancel":"Cancel","cancel_upload":"Cancel this upload","cancelled":"Cancelled"},"vars":{"images_url":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images"}}; </script> <script id="gform_gravityforms-js-before"> </script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/gravityforms.min.js?ver=2.8.18" id="gform_gravityforms-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/utils.min.js?ver=50c7bea9c2320e16728e44ae9fde5f26" id="gform_gravityforms_utils-js"></script>   <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-PHX5QDZ" id="google_gtagjs-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="google_gtagjs-js-after" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["www.hcn.org"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "GT-PHX5QDZ"); </script>  <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/126098" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.hcn.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.hcn.org/?p=126098' />  <style id="custom-logo-css">.site-title{position: absolute;clip: rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}</style> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcn.org%2Fabout%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcn.org%2Fabout%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.140.0" /> <script>var Pelcro = window.Pelcro || (window.Pelcro = {}); Pelcro.siteid = "1800"; Pelcro.environment = {}; Pelcro.environment.stripe = "pk_live_Wdef2LjEQXsgFWult6IVFobB"; Pelcro.environment.domain = "https://www.pelcro.com"; Pelcro.environment.ui = "https://js.pelcro.com/ui/plugin/high-country-news/v1/main.min.js"; Pelcro.uiSettings = { selectTitle: "Subscribe to get access", selectSubTitle: "Select a subscription option below", donationSelectTitle: "Donate to High Country News", donationSelectSubTitle: "Make a tax-deductible contibution to support independent reporting on the West", enableNameFieldsInRegister: true, newsletters: [ { label: "Newsletters", id: "Newsletter" }, { label: "Indian Country News - monthly", id: "ICN" }, { label: "Landline - monthly", id: "Landline" } ],}; </script> <script src="https://js.pelcro.com/sdk/main.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <script>console.log('Paywall result: ');</script> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-json/wp/v2/web-app-manifest"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#fff"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=192%2C192&quality=100&ssl=1"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="HCN"> <meta name="application-name" content="HCN"> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"About High Country News","url":"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/about\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/about\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":""},"articleSection":"Articles","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"adminnewspack"}],"creator":["adminnewspack"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"High Country News","logo":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png"},"keywords":[],"dateCreated":"2023-04-28T22:00:59Z","datePublished":"2023-04-28T22:00:59Z","dateModified":"2024-11-14T17:13:43Z"}</script> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-colors-scott">.mobile-sidebar .article-section-title::before,.mobile-sidebar .accent-header::before{background-color: #000000;}.h-sb .middle-header-contain{background-color: #000000;}.h-sb .top-header-contain{background-color: #000000;border-bottom-color: #000000;}.h-sb .site-header,.h-sb .site-title,.h-sb .site-title a:link,.h-sb .site-title a:visited,.h-sb .site-description,.h-sb.h-sh .nav1 .main-menu > li,.h-sb.h-sh .nav1 ul.main-menu > li > a,.h-sb.h-sh .nav1 ul.main-menu > li > a:hover,.h-sb .top-header-contain,.h-sb .middle-header-contain{color: white;}#colophon,#colophon .widget-title,#colophon .social-navigation a,#colophon .widgettitle{color: white;}#colophon .footer-branding .wrapper,#colophon .footer-widgets:first-child{border: 0;}.site-footer .accent-header::before,.site-footer .article-section-title::before{background-color: #000000;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-fonts-scott">.accent-header:not(.widget-title),.article-section-title,.page-title,#secondary .widget-title,.author-bio .accent-header span,#colophon .widget-title,#colophon .widgettitle,#secondary .widgettitle{text-transform: uppercase;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-colors">:root{--newspack-theme-color-primary: #de3610;--newspack-theme-color-primary-variation: #c01800;--newspack-theme-color-secondary: #40798a !important;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation: #185162;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-5: #d9310b;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-10: #d42c06;--newspack-theme-color-primary-against-white: #de3610;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-against-white: #40798a;--newspack-theme-color-primary-variation-against-white: #c01800;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation-against-white: #185162;--newspack-theme-color-against-primary: white;--newspack-theme-color-against-secondary: white;}input[type="checkbox"]::before{background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='24' height='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M16.7 7.1l-6.3 8.5-3.3-2.5-.9 1.2 4.5 3.4L17.9 8z' fill='white'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/svg%3E");}.mobile-sidebar{background: #000000;}.mobile-sidebar,.mobile-sidebar button:hover,.mobile-sidebar a,.mobile-sidebar a:visited,.mobile-sidebar .nav1 .sub-menu > li > a,.mobile-sidebar .nav1 ul.main-menu > li > a,.mobile-sidebar .nav3 a{color: white;}.site-footer{background: #000000;}.site-footer,.site-footer a,.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget-title,.site-footer .widgettitle,.site-info{color: white;}.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget a:hover{opacity: 0.7;}.site-info .widget-area .wrapper,.site-info .site-info-contain:first-child{border-top-color: #000000;}.button.mb-cta,.button.mb-cta:not(:hover):visited,.tribe_community_edit .button.mb-cta{background-color: #de3610;color: white;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="newspack-theme-colors-variables">:root{--newspack-primary-color: #de3610;--newspack-secondary-color: #40798a;--newspack-cta-color: #de3610;--newspack-header-color: #000000;--newspack-primary-menu-color:;--newspack-footer-color: #000000;--newspack-primary-contrast-color: white;--newspack-secondary-contrast-color: white;--newspack-cta-contrast-color: white;--newspack-header-contrast-color: white;--newspack-primary-menu-contrast-color: white;--newspack-footer-contrast-color: white;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-fonts">:root{--newspack-theme-font-heading: "GT America Standard","Helvetica","sans-serif";}:root{--newspack-theme-font-body: "Tiempos Text","Georgia","serif";}.tags-links span:first-child,.cat-links,.page-title,.highlight-menu .menu-label{text-transform: uppercase;}</style> <style>.sponsor-label .flag,amp-script .sponsor-label .flag{background: #FED850;color: black;}</style> <style id="bec-color-style" type="text/css">:root{--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-marigold-yellow: #fbbd4c;--bec-color-coverall-canvas: #d8a772;--bec-color-american-red-clay: #f1744f;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-:;--bec-color-neutral-gray: #a8a8a8;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has-marigold-yellow-color{color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow,#fbbd4c) !important;}:root .has-marigold-yellow-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow,#fbbd4c) !important;}:root .has-coverall-canvas-color{color: var(--bec-color-coverall-canvas,#d8a772) !important;}:root .has-coverall-canvas-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-coverall-canvas,#d8a772) !important;}:root .has-american-red-clay-color{color: var(--bec-color-american-red-clay,#f1744f) !important;}:root .has-american-red-clay-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-american-red-clay,#f1744f) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--color{color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has--background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-,) !important;}:root .has-neutral-gray-color{color: var(--bec-color-neutral-gray,#a8a8a8) !important;}:root .has-neutral-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--bec-color-neutral-gray,#a8a8a8) !important;}</style><script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/vendor/fastclick/pmfastclick.min.js" defer></script><script>"addEventListener"in document&&document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){FastClick.attach(document.body)},!1);</script>  <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> ( function( w, d, s, l, i ) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'} ); var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0], j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f ); } )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-K3RH36JR' ); </script>  <link rel="icon" href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=192%2C192&quality=100&ssl=1" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=180%2C180&quality=100&ssl=1" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/cropped-HCN_Logo-Monogram_White_Sq-2.png?fit=270%2C270&quality=100&ssl=1" /> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> ( function() { // Load GA script if not yet found if ( 'undefined' === typeof gtag ) { var element = document.createElement( 'script' ); element.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-698LGZT2NM'; element.async = true; document.head.appendChild( element ); window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.gtag = function() { window.dataLayer.push( arguments ) }; gtag( 'js', new Date() ); } gtag( 'config', 'G-698LGZT2NM' ); } )(); </script> <style id="wp-custom-css">@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Compressed';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Compressed-Bold.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Compressed';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Compressed-Medium.ttf');font-weight: 500;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Mono';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Mono-Bold.OTF');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Mono';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Mono-Regular.OTF');font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Standard';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Standard-Bold.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'GT America Standard';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/GT-America-Standard-Regular.ttf');font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Headline';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposHeadline-Black.ttf');font-weight: 900;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Headline';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposHeadline-Medium.ttf');font-weight: 500;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Headline';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposHeadline-Light.ttf');font-weight: 300;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-Bold.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-BoldItalic.ttf');font-weight: 700;font-style: italic;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-Regular.ttf');font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;font-display: swap;}@font-face{font-family: 'Tiempos Text';src: url('/wp-content/uploads/fonts/TiemposText-Italic.ttf');font-weight: 400;font-style: italic;font-display: swap;}.site-header .nav1{font-size: var(--newspack-theme-font-size-sm);}@media only screen and (min-width: 782px){.site-header .nav1 .main-menu > li:not(:last-child)::after{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-gray);content: '';display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 1rem;margin-left: 0.5rem;vertical-align: middle;}}.nav1 .main-menu > li > a{font-weight: 400;}ul.secondary-menu > .menu-item > a{letter-spacing: 0.01em;text-transform: uppercase;}.site-header ul.secondary-menu > .menu-item:first-of-type a{color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow);}.single .entry-header .entry-title{font-family: "GT America Compressed",sans-serif;font-weight: 700;}.single .newspack-post-subtitle{font-family: "GT America Standard",sans-serif;}.newspack-post-subtitle.newspack-post-subtitle--in-homepage-block{font-style: normal;}.page-description,.not-found .page-title,.error-404 .page-title,.pagination .nav-links,.wp-block-query-pagination,.comments-title,.cat-links,.comment-author .fn,.no-comments,.site-title,.post-navigation .post-title,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-weight: 900;}.accent-header:not(.widget-title)::before,.article-section-title::before,.cat-links::before,.page-title::before,.site-breadcrumb .wrapper > span::before{display: none;}.entry-content a{text-decoration: none;}.entry-meta,.entry-meta .byline a,.single-post .entry-wrapper .entry-meta .byline a{color: #666;font-style: italic;}.entry-meta .byline a:hover{color: var( --newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation);}figcaption,.wp-caption-text,.swiper-pagination-simple{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-text-main);font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-style: italic;}figcaption,.wp-caption-text{font-weight: normal;}.entry-content figcaption,.entry-content .wp-caption-text{text-align: right;margin-right: 0px}.wp-block-image figcaption{font-size: var(--newspack-theme-font-size-xs);}figcaption{color: #555;}figcaption .credit-label-wrapper{display: none;}figcaption .image-credit{display: block;font-weight: bold;}.dropcap::first-letter{float: left;font-weight: normal;font-size: 4em;line-height: 0.75;margin: 0.125em 0.75rem 0 0;position: relative;}.has-drop-cap:not( :focus )::first-letter{font-family: var( --newspack-theme-font-body );font-weight: normal;}.entry-content p:first-child > b:first-child{float: left;font-size: 4em;font-style: normal;line-height: 0.75;margin: 0.125em 0.75rem 0 0;position: relative;text-transform: uppercase;}div.wpnbha.ts-4 article .entry-title{font-size: 1.4em;}div.wpnbha p{font-size: 0.9em;line-height: 1.4;}div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-wrapper a:hover,.home div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-wrapper a:hover,div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-title a:hover,.home div.wpnbha:not(.image-alignbehind) .entry-title a:hover{color: var( --newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation );}div.wpnbha.has-text-color a:hover,.home div.wpnbha.has-text-color a:hover,div.wpnbha.has-text-color .entry-title a:hover,.home div.wpnbha.has-text-color .entry-title a:hover{color: inherit;}.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image{text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);}div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .post-thumbnail::after{background: linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,0.8) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0) 50%);}div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .entry-wrapper{padding: 1.5rem;}div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .entry-wrapper p:last-child{margin-bottom: 0;}.wp-block-column div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind,.wp-block-column div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind > div,.wp-block-column div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind article:first-of-type:last-of-type{height: 100%;}.wp-block-group.alignleft.is-style-border,.wp-block-group.alignright.is-style-border{border-color: #000;}.entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignleft{border-width: 0 1px 0 0;margin-right: 30px !important;padding: 0 30px 0 0 !important;float: left;max-width: 50%;}.entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignright{border-width: 0 0 0 1px;margin-left: 30px !important;padding: 0 0 0 30px !important;float: right;max-width: 50%;}.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignleft,.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignright{max-width: 40%}@media (min-width: 782px){.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignleft,.post-template-default .entry .entry-content > .wp-block-group.alignright{max-width: 35%}}.wp-block-group.alignleft,.wp-block-group.alignright{font-family: "GT America Standard",sans-serif;font-size: 0.85rem;}.wp-block-group.alignleft > div > *:not(:first-child),.wp-block-group.alignright > div > *:not(:first-child){margin-top: 20px;}.wp-block-group.alignleft > div > *:not(:last-child),.wp-block-group.alignright > div > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom: 20px;}.wp-block-quote{border-left: 0;}.wp-block-pullquote,blockquote{font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-size: 2rem;font-weight: 700;line-height: 1.25;padding: 0 2rem;text-align: center;}.wp-block-pullquote p{font-style: normal;}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote::before,.wp-block-pullquote blockquote::after,.wp-block-pullquote blockquote p:first-of-type::before{display: none;}.author-prefix,.single .entry-header .byline > span:first-child,.archive article .entry-meta .byline > span:first-child,.search article .entry-meta .byline > span:first-child,.blog article .entry-meta .byline > span:first-child{display: none;}.single-post .cat-links{border-bottom: 4px solid var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);font-size: 14px;}.single-post .cat-links .sep{display: none;}.single-post .cat-links a{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-body);display: inline-block;padding: 0.375rem 0.5rem 0.25rem;text-decoration: none;}.single-post .entry-header .cat-links [rel*='category']{display: none;}.single-post .byline .author a{color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary);}.single-post .byline .author a:focus,.single-post .byline .author a:hover{color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-variation);}.single-post .posted-on{color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-gray);font-size: 14px;font-weight: 700;}.single .newspack-post-subtitle{margin-bottom: 0.45em;}.sd-content ul li{margin-bottom: 0;}.single .tags-links .sep{display: none;}.single .tags-links a{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-link);border-left: 1px solid var(--newspack-theme-color-border-light);display: inline-block;font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-size: 1rem;font-style: italic;padding: 0 0.5rem;}.single .tags-links a:focus,.single .tags-links a:hover{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-link-hover);}.single .tags-links a:first-of-type{border: none;padding-left: 0}.single .tags-links > span:first-child{display: none;}.single .tags-links a[href*='/topic/not-on-homepage/'],.single .tags-links a[href*='/topic/free/']{display: none;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .site-breadcrumb{display: none;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header{background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8);border: none;color: white;margin-bottom: 100px;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top: -90vh;width: 880px;padding: 50px;max-width: 100%;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header a,.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header .entry-meta{color: white;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header a:hover,.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header a:focus{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-pre);}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above .post-thumbnail{height: 100vh;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above .post-thumbnail img{height: 100%;object-fit: cover;width: 100%;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above figcaption{display: none;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .main-content{max-width: 880px;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-content{background-color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-body);padding-left: 24px;padding-right: 24px;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .featured-image-above .entry-header .posted-on{color: #fff;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header .cat-links{border: 0;}.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-header .cat-links a{background: transparent;padding: 0;}@media only screen and (min-width: 782px){.post-template-single-feature.single-featured-image-above .entry-content{max-width: 880px;padding-left: 50px;padding-right: 50px;}}.featured-image-behind{text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);}.featured-image-behind:before{background: linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,0.70) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0) 60%);}.featured-image-behind .entry-header{margin-bottom: 0.75rem;}.featured-image-behind .cat-links{border: 0;}.featured-image-behind .cat-links a{background: transparent;padding: 0;}.featured-image-behind .posted-on{color: #fff;}@media (min-width: 782px){.featured-image-beside .cat-links{border: 0;}.featured-image-beside .cat-links a{background: transparent;padding: 0;}.featured-image-beside .posted-on{color: #fff;}}.post-template-single-feature .entry-header,.post-template-single-feature .post-thumbnail figcaption,.post-template-single-feature .featured-image-behind + figcaption{margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;max-width: 780px;}.featured-image-beside .entry-header{max-width: 90%;width: 780px;}.entry-content .alignfull > figcaption,.entry-content .alignwide > figcaption{margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: right;}.home .main-column .article-section-title{display: flex;}.home .main-column .article-section-title span{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);width: 100%;}.home .main-column .article-section-title a{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-body);display: flex;font-family: var(--newspack-theme-font-body);font-size: 1rem;font-style: italic;font-weight: 400;padding: 0.25rem 2.5rem 0.25rem 1rem;position: relative;text-transform: none;}.home .main-column .article-section-title a:focus,.home .main-column .article-section-title a:hover{color: var(--newspack-theme-color-bg-pre);}.home .main-column .article-section-title a::after{background-color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow);align-items: center;color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);content: '\203a';display: flex;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;height: 100%;padding: 0 0.5rem;position: absolute;right: 0;top: 0;}.home .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-title a:focus,.home .wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-title a:hover{color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);}.wpnbha article.tag-perspective .byline::before,.archive article.tag-perspective .byline::before{background: #e7e7e7;color: #2f2f2f;content: 'Perspective';font-size: 0.625rem;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: 0.025em;margin-right: 0.5rem;padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;text-shadow: none;text-transform: uppercase;}.wp-block-rss__item{border-bottom: 1px solid gray;padding-bottom: 10px;margin-bottom: 15px;}.archive .entry-title a:hover,.archive article a:hover{color: var( --newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation );}.archive .entry-content p{line-height: 1.4em;}.above-footer-widgets .wp-block-columns{margin: 0;}@media only screen and (max-width: 781px){.above-footer-widgets{display: none;}}@media only screen and (min-width: 782px){.footer-subscribe-form-heading{display: none !important;}}.site-footer .widget-area{padding-bottom: 0;}.site-footer p,.site-footer ul{margin: 0;padding: 0;}.site-footer .widget.widget_block{margin-bottom: 0;}.site-footer .wp-block-columns{margin: 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper{margin: 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_fields{row-gap: 8px;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper .gform_heading,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gfield_label,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .ginput_complex label{display: none;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type="text"],.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme input[type="email"]{font-size: 12px;padding: 4px;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer button,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer input,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer button,.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_page_footer input{margin-bottom: 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper.gravity-theme .gform_footer{justify-content: flex-end;padding: 2px 0;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper .gform_footer .button{background-color: var(--bec-color-marigold-yellow);border-radius: 0;color: #111;padding: 0.5rem 0.76rem;}.site-footer .gform_wrapper .gform_footer .button:hover{background-color: var(--bec-color-coverall-canvas);}.site-info{align-items: center;display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;justify-content: space-between;margin: auto;max-width: 90vw;width: 1200px;}.site-info .wrapper{margin: 0;width: auto;}.site-info > .wrapper{gap: 0.5em;}.site-info .widget-area{order: 2}.site-info .widget-area .wrapper{padding: 0;}@media (max-width: 782px){.site-info .widget-area{flex-basis: 100%;}}.h-sb .middle-header-contain .wrapper{padding: .9rem 0 1rem;}.nav-wrapper .pelcro-login-button,.subpage-sidebar .pelcro-login-button{cursor: pointer;}.nav-wrapper .pelcro-login-button:hover,.subpage-sidebar .pelcro-login-button:hover{opacity: 0.75;}.subpage-sidebar .pelcro-login-button:hover{text-decoration: underline;}.entry-wrapper{container-type: inline-size;}@container (max-width: 200px){h2.entry-title,h1,h2,h3,h4,.entry-title{hyphens: auto;}}.hcn-print-edition-box{font-style: italic;}.hcn-magtitle::before{content: open-quote;}.hcn-magtitle::after{content: close-quote;}.republication_tracker_tool{display: none;}div.wp-block-columns.-thin-margin{gap: 16px;}.-thin-margin .wpnbha article{margin-bottom: 16px;}.even-columns table{width: 100%;table-layout: fixed;}.align-top table td{vertical-align: top;}.collapse-bottom{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}.collapse-bottom + *{margin-top: 0 !important;}a[href^="tel:"],a[href^="mailto:"]{white-space: nowrap;}.full-link{position: relative;}.full-link a:after{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;content:'';}.entry .entry-content > #triptic{margin-top: 5px}div#triptic.wp-block-columns{gap: 6px;}#triptic .wpnbha article{height: calc( 50% - 3px );margin-bottom: 6px;min-height: unset !important;}#triptic .wpnbha article:last-child{margin-bottom: 0px;}#triptic .wp-block-column:first-child .wpnbha article{height: 60vh;max-height: 600px;}#triptic div.wpnbha.image-alignbehind .post-has-image .entry-wrapper{padding: 1.5rem 2.5rem 1.5rem 1.5rem;}@media (max-width: 781px){#triptic .wpnbha article{height: 30vh;max-height: 200px;}}.sd-sharing .sharing-hidden inner{padding: 2px;}.sd-sharing .sharing-hidden ul li{margin: 0;white-space: nowrap;}.sd-sharing .sd-content .sharing-hidden ul li a.sd-button{box-shadow: none;}.sd-sharing .sd-content ul li a.sd-button{background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);}@media (max-width: 782px){.sd-sharing .sd-content ul li.share-print{display: none;}}.wp-social-link-mail a .screen-reader-text{clip: auto;word-wrap: break-word;border: initial;-webkit-clip-path: none;clip-path: none;height: auto;margin: 0 0 0 24px;overflow: visible;padding: initial;position: static;width: auto;}.wp-social-link-mail:hover{transform: none !important;}#pelcro-app table td,#pelcro-app table td{word-break: normal;}#wpadminbar{background-color: #F2A673;}.jetpack_top_posts_widget li a{font-size: .9em;}.jetpack_top_posts_widget li:not(:last-child) a{border-bottom: 1px solid lightgray;padding-bottom: 20px;}.style-image-credit{font-weight: bold;font-size: var(--newspack-theme-font-size-xs);}figcaption .image-credit + .image-credit{display: none;}.entry-content .wp-block-image > figure > figcaption{display:table-caption;}</style> <noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy[data-src]{display:none !important;}</style></noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy-youtube{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:0;padding-bottom:56.23%;overflow:hidden}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;display:block;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:auto;border:none;cursor:pointer;transition:.5s all;-webkit-transition:.5s all;-moz-transition:.5s all}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img:hover{-webkit-filter:brightness(75%)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube .play{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;right:auto;width:68px;height:48px;margin-left:-34px;margin-top:-24px;background:url(https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/img/youtube.svg) no-repeat;background-position:center;background-size:cover;pointer-events:none;filter:grayscale(1)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube:hover .play{filter:grayscale(0)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:99}.wp-has-aspect-ratio .wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:relative;}.wp-has-aspect-ratio .perfmatters-lazy-youtube{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;padding-bottom:0}</style></head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-126098 page-parent wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive jps-theme-newspack-scott singular hide-homepage-title hide-site-tagline h-sub h-sb h-cl h-dh h-cta h-sub-cta has-tertiary-menu has-sidebar af-widget has-summary fw-stacked" data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable>  <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-K3RH36JR" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript>  <aside id="mobile-sidebar-fallback" class="mobile-sidebar"> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" > <ul id="menu-login-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-126094" class="pelcro-login-button menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126094"><a href="#">Your Dashboard</a></li> </ul> </nav> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.hcn.org/"> <label for="search-form-1"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-1" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" > <ul id="menu-primary-menu" class="main-menu"><li id="menu-item-129576" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129576"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/features/">Features</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129571" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129571"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/public-lands/">Public Lands</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129572" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129572"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/indigenous-affairs/">Indigenous Affairs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129573" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129573"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/water/">Water</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129574" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129574"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/climate-change/">Climate Change</a></li> <li id="menu-item-129575" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129575"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/arts-culture/">Arts & Culture</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="secondary-menu nav2 dd-menu" aria-label="Secondary Menu" > <ul id="menu-subscribe-menu" class="secondary-menu"><li id="menu-item-126086" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126086"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-322368" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-322368"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">Donate Now</a></li> <li id="menu-item-183818" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-183818"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/the-magazine/">The Magazine</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126089" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-126089"><a href="#">Jobs & Classifieds</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState126089 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState126089 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState126089: !setState126089 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-126089"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState126089 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-126090" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126090"><a href="https://classifieds.hcn.org/">Jobs & Classifieds</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126091" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126091"><a href="https://highcountrynews.adperfect.com/channel/C0A801FE1b4c7201BEWYX3FF29A8/publication/C0A801FE1b4c72030CvHv3ED6703">Place a Classified Ad</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126092" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126092"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/advertising/">Display Ad Info</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </aside> <aside id="desktop-sidebar-fallback" class="desktop-sidebar dir-left"> <button class="desktop-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> </aside> <aside id="subpage-sidebar-fallback" class="subpage-sidebar"> <button class="subpage-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" > <ul id="menu-login-menu-1" class="menu"><li class="pelcro-login-button menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126094"><a href="#">Your Dashboard</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" > <ul id="menu-primary-menu-1" class="main-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129576"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/features/">Features</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129571"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/public-lands/">Public Lands</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129572"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/indigenous-affairs/">Indigenous Affairs</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129573"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/water/">Water</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129574"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/climate-change/">Climate Change</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-129575"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/arts-culture/">Arts & Culture</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="secondary-menu nav2 dd-menu" aria-label="Secondary Menu" > <ul id="menu-subscribe-menu-1" class="secondary-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126086"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-322368"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">Donate Now</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-183818"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/topic/the-magazine/">The Magazine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-126089"><a href="#">Jobs & Classifieds</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState126089 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState126089 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState126089: !setState126089 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-126089"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState126089 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126090"><a href="https://classifieds.hcn.org/">Jobs & Classifieds</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-126091"><a href="https://highcountrynews.adperfect.com/channel/C0A801FE1b4c7201BEWYX3FF29A8/publication/C0A801FE1b4c72030CvHv3ED6703">Place a Classified Ad</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126092"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/advertising/">Display Ad Info</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </aside> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#main">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header hide-header-search" [class]="searchVisible ? 'show-header-search site-header ' : 'hide-header-search site-header'"> <div class="middle-header-contain"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="subpage-toggle-contain"> <button class="subpage-toggle" on="tap:subpage-sidebar.toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span> </button> </div> <div class="site-branding"> <style>.site-header .custom-logo{height: 67px;max-height: 253px;max-width: 600px;width: 467px;}@media (max-width: 781px){.site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 175px;max-height: 25px;}}@media (min-width: 782px){.h-stk:not(.h-sub) .site-header .custom-logo{max-height: 57px;max-width: 400px;}.h-sub .site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 200px;max-height: 29px;}}@media (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 782px){.h-stk.h-cl:not(.h-sub) .site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 100%;width: auto;}}</style><a href="https://www.hcn.org/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img data-perfmatters-preload width="1763" height="253" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1" class="custom-logo" alt="High Country News" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?w=1763&quality=100&ssl=1 1763w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=300%2C43&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1024%2C147&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=768%2C110&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1536%2C220&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1200%2C172&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=1568%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?resize=400%2C57&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Horizontal_White-1.png?fit=1763%2C253&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 1763px) 100vw, 1763px" /></a> <div class="site-identity"> <p class="site-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/" rel="home">High Country News</a></p> <p class="site-description"> A nonprofit independent magazine of unblinking journalism that shines a light on all of the complexities of the West. </p> </div> </div> <a class="button mb-cta" href="/support/">Support</a> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle" on="tap:mobile-sidebar.toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" /></svg> <span>Menu</span> </button> <div class="header-search-contain"> <button id="search-toggle" on="tap:AMP.setState( { searchVisible: !searchVisible } ), search-form-2.focus" aria-controls="search-menu" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="searchVisible ? 'Close Search' : 'Open Search'"> Open Search </span> <span class="search-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> <span class="close-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> </button> <div id="header-search" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.hcn.org/"> <label for="search-form-2"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-2" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <section id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title "> About High Country News </h1> </header> <div class="main-content"> <article id="post-126098" class="post-126098 page type-page status-publish hentry entry"> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-lightbox newspack-popup hidden newspack-lightbox-placement-bottom newspack-lightbox-size-full-width newspack-lightbox-no-overlay " role="button" tabindex="0" id="id_329640" data-segments="10101" data-frequency="0,0,1,day" data-scroll="55" > <div class="newspack-popup-wrapper " data-popup-status="publish" style="background-color:#c1c1c3;color:#000"> <div class="newspack-popup__content-wrapper" style=""> <div class="newspack-popup__content"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a4788405bd5595f1203811228390787a" style="color:#121212">Welcome to High Country News</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"> <p><em>HCN</em> has covered the lands, wildlife and communities of the Western U.S. for <a href="/about">more than 50 years</a>. <strong>Get to know the West better by signing up to receive <em>HCN</em>’s on-the-ground reporting and investigations in your inbox.</strong></p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:33.33%"> <div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework newspack-subscribe-form_wrapper' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='1' id='gform_wrapper_7' ><style>#gform_wrapper_7[data-form-index="1"].gform-theme,[data-parent-form="7_1"]{--gf-color-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-primary-rgb: 32,76,229;--gf-color-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-secondary: #fff;--gf-color-secondary-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-secondary-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-secondary-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-secondary-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-secondary-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-color-in-ctrl: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-rgb: 32,76,229;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-radius: 3px;--gf-font-size-secondary: 14px;--gf-font-size-tertiary: 13px;--gf-icon-ctrl-number: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='8' height='14' viewBox='0 0 8 14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M4 0C4.26522 5.96046e-08 4.51957 0.105357 4.70711 0.292893L7.70711 3.29289C8.09763 3.68342 8.09763 4.31658 7.70711 4.70711C7.31658 5.09763 6.68342 5.09763 6.29289 4.70711L4 2.41421L1.70711 4.70711C1.31658 5.09763 0.683417 5.09763 0.292893 4.70711C-0.0976311 4.31658 -0.097631 3.68342 0.292893 3.29289L3.29289 0.292893C3.48043 0.105357 3.73478 0 4 0ZM0.292893 9.29289C0.683417 8.90237 1.31658 8.90237 1.70711 9.29289L4 11.5858L6.29289 9.29289C6.68342 8.90237 7.31658 8.90237 7.70711 9.29289C8.09763 9.68342 8.09763 10.3166 7.70711 10.7071L4.70711 13.7071C4.31658 14.0976 3.68342 14.0976 3.29289 13.7071L0.292893 10.7071C-0.0976311 10.3166 -0.0976311 9.68342 0.292893 9.29289Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-select: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='10' height='6' viewBox='0 0 10 6' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M0.292893 0.292893C0.683417 -0.097631 1.31658 -0.097631 1.70711 0.292893L5 3.58579L8.29289 0.292893C8.68342 -0.0976311 9.31658 -0.0976311 9.70711 0.292893C10.0976 0.683417 10.0976 1.31658 9.70711 1.70711L5.70711 5.70711C5.31658 6.09763 4.68342 6.09763 4.29289 5.70711L0.292893 1.70711C-0.0976311 1.31658 -0.0976311 0.683418 0.292893 0.292893Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-search: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='640' height='640'%3E%3Cpath d='M256 128c-70.692 0-128 57.308-128 128 0 70.691 57.308 128 128 128 70.691 0 128-57.309 128-128 0-70.692-57.309-128-128-128zM64 256c0-106.039 85.961-192 192-192s192 85.961 192 192c0 41.466-13.146 79.863-35.498 111.248l154.125 154.125c12.496 12.496 12.496 32.758 0 45.254s-32.758 12.496-45.254 0L367.248 412.502C335.862 434.854 297.467 448 256 448c-106.039 0-192-85.962-192-192z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-label-space-y-secondary: var(--gf-label-space-y-md-secondary);--gf-ctrl-border-color: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-size: var(--gf-ctrl-size-md);--gf-ctrl-label-color-primary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-label-color-secondary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-choice-size: var(--gf-ctrl-choice-size-md);--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-border-color-secondary: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-file-btn-bg-color-hover: #EBEBEB;--gf-field-pg-steps-number-color: rgba(17,35,55,0.8);}</style><div id='gf_7' class='gform_anchor' tabindex='-1'></div><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' target='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_7' class='newspack-subscribe-form' action='/about/#gf_7' data-formid='7' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_7' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><div id="field_7_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_1'>Email address<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_text">(Required)</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_7_1' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email address' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" autocomplete="email"/> </div></div><div id="field_7_4" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_4" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_7_4' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='campaign-new-search' /></div></div><div id="field_7_5" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_5" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_7_5' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='bottom-bar-campaign-55' /></div></div><div id="field_7_6" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_6'>Phone</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_6' id='input_7_6' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_7_6'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></div></div></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_7' class='gform_button button gform-button--width-full' value='Sign up' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_7").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_ajax' value='form_id=7&title=&description=&tabindex=0&theme=gravity-theme' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='7' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_7' value='WyJbXSIsIjNiMjE2M2VkNDIxNDc0ODY5ZTE3NDRmYTI5NTdkYTI2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_7' id='gform_target_page_number_7' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_7' id='gform_source_page_number_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='method=bottom-bar-campaign-55&ac_tag=campaign-new-search' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_2" name="ak_js" value="8"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <iframe style='display:none;width:0px;height:0px;' src='about:blank' name='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_ajax_frame_7' title='This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.'></iframe> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_7').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_7');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_7').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_7').val();gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [7, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_7').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [7]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_7').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_7').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); </script> </div> </div> </div> <button class="newspack-lightbox__close" aria-label="Close Pop-up"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> </div> <div id="page-position-marker_id_329640" class="page-position-marker" style="position: absolute; top: 55%"></div> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-lightbox newspack-popup hidden newspack-lightbox-placement-bottom newspack-lightbox-size-full-width newspack-lightbox-no-overlay " role="button" tabindex="0" id="id_329653" data-segments="12271" data-frequency="0,0,1,day" data-scroll="55" > <div class="newspack-popup-wrapper " data-popup-status="publish" style="background-color:#c1c1c3;color:#000"> <div class="newspack-popup__content-wrapper" style=""> <div class="newspack-popup__content"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ff38e502546aa065418fcbe597b432c8" style="color:#121212">Read more Western reporting</h2> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);flex-basis:66.66%"> <p>Sign up to receive <em>High Country News</em>’ email newsletters and get on-the-ground reporting and investigations delivered to your inbox each week.</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:33.33%"> <div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework newspack-subscribe-form_wrapper' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_7' ><style>#gform_wrapper_7[data-form-index="0"].gform-theme,[data-parent-form="7_0"]{--gf-color-primary: #000000;--gf-color-primary-rgb: 0,0,0;--gf-color-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-primary-darker: #000000;--gf-color-primary-lighter: #323232;--gf-color-secondary: #fff;--gf-color-secondary-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-secondary-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-secondary-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-secondary-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-secondary-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-color-in-ctrl: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-rgb: 32,76,229;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-radius: 3px;--gf-font-size-secondary: 14px;--gf-font-size-tertiary: 13px;--gf-icon-ctrl-number: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='8' height='14' viewBox='0 0 8 14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M4 0C4.26522 5.96046e-08 4.51957 0.105357 4.70711 0.292893L7.70711 3.29289C8.09763 3.68342 8.09763 4.31658 7.70711 4.70711C7.31658 5.09763 6.68342 5.09763 6.29289 4.70711L4 2.41421L1.70711 4.70711C1.31658 5.09763 0.683417 5.09763 0.292893 4.70711C-0.0976311 4.31658 -0.097631 3.68342 0.292893 3.29289L3.29289 0.292893C3.48043 0.105357 3.73478 0 4 0ZM0.292893 9.29289C0.683417 8.90237 1.31658 8.90237 1.70711 9.29289L4 11.5858L6.29289 9.29289C6.68342 8.90237 7.31658 8.90237 7.70711 9.29289C8.09763 9.68342 8.09763 10.3166 7.70711 10.7071L4.70711 13.7071C4.31658 14.0976 3.68342 14.0976 3.29289 13.7071L0.292893 10.7071C-0.0976311 10.3166 -0.0976311 9.68342 0.292893 9.29289Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-select: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='10' height='6' viewBox='0 0 10 6' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M0.292893 0.292893C0.683417 -0.097631 1.31658 -0.097631 1.70711 0.292893L5 3.58579L8.29289 0.292893C8.68342 -0.0976311 9.31658 -0.0976311 9.70711 0.292893C10.0976 0.683417 10.0976 1.31658 9.70711 1.70711L5.70711 5.70711C5.31658 6.09763 4.68342 6.09763 4.29289 5.70711L0.292893 1.70711C-0.0976311 1.31658 -0.0976311 0.683418 0.292893 0.292893Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-search: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='640' height='640'%3E%3Cpath d='M256 128c-70.692 0-128 57.308-128 128 0 70.691 57.308 128 128 128 70.691 0 128-57.309 128-128 0-70.692-57.309-128-128-128zM64 256c0-106.039 85.961-192 192-192s192 85.961 192 192c0 41.466-13.146 79.863-35.498 111.248l154.125 154.125c12.496 12.496 12.496 32.758 0 45.254s-32.758 12.496-45.254 0L367.248 412.502C335.862 434.854 297.467 448 256 448c-106.039 0-192-85.962-192-192z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-label-space-y-secondary: var(--gf-label-space-y-md-secondary);--gf-ctrl-border-color: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-size: var(--gf-ctrl-size-md);--gf-ctrl-label-color-primary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-label-color-secondary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-choice-size: var(--gf-ctrl-choice-size-md);--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-border-color-secondary: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-file-btn-bg-color-hover: #EBEBEB;--gf-field-pg-steps-number-color: rgba(17,35,55,0.8);}</style><div id='gf_7' class='gform_anchor' tabindex='-1'></div><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' target='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_7' class='newspack-subscribe-form' action='/about/#gf_7' data-formid='7' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_7' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><div id="field_7_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_1'>Email address<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_text">(Required)</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_7_1' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email address' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" autocomplete="email"/> </div></div><div id="field_7_4" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_4" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_7_4' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='campaign-new-social' /></div></div><div id="field_7_5" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_5" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_7_5' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='bottom-bar-campaign-55' /></div></div><div id="field_7_6" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_6'>Email</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_6' id='input_7_6' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_7_6'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></div></div></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_7' class='gform_button button gform-button--width-full' value='Sign up' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_7").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_ajax' value='form_id=7&title=&description=&tabindex=0&theme=gravity-theme' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='7' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_7' value='WyJbXSIsIjNiMjE2M2VkNDIxNDc0ODY5ZTE3NDRmYTI5NTdkYTI2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_7' id='gform_target_page_number_7' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_7' id='gform_source_page_number_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='method=bottom-bar-campaign-55&ac_tag=campaign-new-social' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="ak_js" value="204"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <iframe style='display:none;width:0px;height:0px;' src='about:blank' name='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_ajax_frame_7' title='This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.'></iframe> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_7').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_7');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_7').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_7').val();gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [7, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_7').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [7]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_7').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_7').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); </script> </div> </div> </div> <button class="newspack-lightbox__close" aria-label="Close Pop-up"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> </div> <div id="page-position-marker_id_329653" class="page-position-marker" style="position: absolute; top: 55%"></div> <p><em>High Country News</em> started with a simple yet powerful vision. In 1970, Wyoming rancher Tom Bell saw the environmental challenges of the West and decided to take a stand. From a gritty black-and-white tabloid, <em>HCN</em> has grown into a distinguished media voice, dedicated to providing comprehensive coverage and insights of the Western United States.</p> <div class="wp-block-group alignleft"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">More details</h4> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><a href="#what">What we do</a></li> <li><a href="#who">Who we are</a></li> <li><a href="#nonprofit">We are a nonprofit</a></li> <li><a href="#join">Join the conversation</a></li> <li><a href="#impact"><em>HCN</em>’s impact</a></li> <li><a href="#ethics">Ethics policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2021-HCN-990-FY-21-22-Published-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Our recent 990</a></li> </ul> </div></div> <p>What sets <em>HCN</em> apart is its dedication to uncovering the complexities of the West. It’s not just about landscapes and geography; it’s about the people, the communities, and the ever-changing interactions between human and non-human environments. <em>HCN</em>’s writers have shed light on the diverse natural and human communities, dispelling myths and stereotypes that often overshadow the region’s true essence.</p> <p><em>High Country News</em> is independent and supported by its readers, who supply a remarkable 75% of our operating revenue through subscriptions and donations.</p> <div class="wp-block-group has-background" style="background-color:#fcc74c;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:0;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Receive HCN’s reporting in your inbox</h2> <p>The best way to learn more about <em>High Country News</em> — and the West — is to sign up for our free weekly newsletters, which include all our on-the-ground reporting and investigations.</p> <div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework newspack-subscribe-form_wrapper' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='2' id='gform_wrapper_7' ><style>#gform_wrapper_7[data-form-index="2"].gform-theme,[data-parent-form="7_2"]{--gf-color-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-primary-rgb: 32,76,229;--gf-color-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-secondary: #fff;--gf-color-secondary-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-secondary-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-secondary-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-secondary-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-secondary-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-color-in-ctrl: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-rgb: 32,76,229;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-radius: 3px;--gf-font-size-secondary: 14px;--gf-font-size-tertiary: 13px;--gf-icon-ctrl-number: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='8' height='14' viewBox='0 0 8 14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M4 0C4.26522 5.96046e-08 4.51957 0.105357 4.70711 0.292893L7.70711 3.29289C8.09763 3.68342 8.09763 4.31658 7.70711 4.70711C7.31658 5.09763 6.68342 5.09763 6.29289 4.70711L4 2.41421L1.70711 4.70711C1.31658 5.09763 0.683417 5.09763 0.292893 4.70711C-0.0976311 4.31658 -0.097631 3.68342 0.292893 3.29289L3.29289 0.292893C3.48043 0.105357 3.73478 0 4 0ZM0.292893 9.29289C0.683417 8.90237 1.31658 8.90237 1.70711 9.29289L4 11.5858L6.29289 9.29289C6.68342 8.90237 7.31658 8.90237 7.70711 9.29289C8.09763 9.68342 8.09763 10.3166 7.70711 10.7071L4.70711 13.7071C4.31658 14.0976 3.68342 14.0976 3.29289 13.7071L0.292893 10.7071C-0.0976311 10.3166 -0.0976311 9.68342 0.292893 9.29289Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-select: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='10' height='6' viewBox='0 0 10 6' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M0.292893 0.292893C0.683417 -0.097631 1.31658 -0.097631 1.70711 0.292893L5 3.58579L8.29289 0.292893C8.68342 -0.0976311 9.31658 -0.0976311 9.70711 0.292893C10.0976 0.683417 10.0976 1.31658 9.70711 1.70711L5.70711 5.70711C5.31658 6.09763 4.68342 6.09763 4.29289 5.70711L0.292893 1.70711C-0.0976311 1.31658 -0.0976311 0.683418 0.292893 0.292893Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-search: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='640' height='640'%3E%3Cpath d='M256 128c-70.692 0-128 57.308-128 128 0 70.691 57.308 128 128 128 70.691 0 128-57.309 128-128 0-70.692-57.309-128-128-128zM64 256c0-106.039 85.961-192 192-192s192 85.961 192 192c0 41.466-13.146 79.863-35.498 111.248l154.125 154.125c12.496 12.496 12.496 32.758 0 45.254s-32.758 12.496-45.254 0L367.248 412.502C335.862 434.854 297.467 448 256 448c-106.039 0-192-85.962-192-192z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-label-space-y-secondary: var(--gf-label-space-y-md-secondary);--gf-ctrl-border-color: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-size: var(--gf-ctrl-size-md);--gf-ctrl-label-color-primary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-label-color-secondary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-choice-size: var(--gf-ctrl-choice-size-md);--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-border-color-secondary: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-file-btn-bg-color-hover: #EBEBEB;--gf-field-pg-steps-number-color: rgba(17,35,55,0.8);}</style><div id='gf_7' class='gform_anchor' tabindex='-1'></div><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' target='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_7' class='newspack-subscribe-form' action='/about/#gf_7' data-formid='7' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_7' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><div id="field_7_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_1'>Email address<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_text">(Required)</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_7_1' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email address' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" autocomplete="email"/> </div></div><div id="field_7_4" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_4" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_7_4' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='campaign-about-us' /></div></div><div id="field_7_5" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_5" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_7_5' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='about-us-inline' /></div></div><div id="field_7_6" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_6'>Comments</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_6' id='input_7_6' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_7_6'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></div></div></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_7' class='gform_button button gform-button--width-full' value='Sign up' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_7").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_ajax' value='form_id=7&title=&description=&tabindex=0&theme=gravity-theme' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='7' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_7' value='WyJbXSIsIjNiMjE2M2VkNDIxNDc0ODY5ZTE3NDRmYTI5NTdkYTI2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_7' id='gform_target_page_number_7' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_7' id='gform_source_page_number_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='method=about-us-inline&ac_tag=campaign-about-us' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_3" name="ak_js" value="149"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_3" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <iframe style='display:none;width:0px;height:0px;' src='about:blank' name='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_ajax_frame_7' title='This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.'></iframe> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_7').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_7');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_7').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_7').val();gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [7, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_7').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [7]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_7').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_7').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); </script> </div></div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide"/> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"> <p class="has-large-font-size"><em>HCN</em>’s mission is to inform and inspire people to act on behalf of the West’s diverse natural and human communities.</p> </blockquote> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide"/> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="what">What we do</h2> <p><em>High Country News</em> is the nation’s leading source of news on the West. In <a href="#impact">award-winning, in-depth reporting</a>, <em>HCN</em> covers the most-pressing social, political and ecological issues in our region. From Alaska and the Northern Rockies to the desert Southwest, the Great Plains to the West Coast, <em>HCN</em> covers 12 Western states and hundreds of Indigenous communities, representing an essential news source for people who care about the West.</p> <p><strong><a href="/about/our-history">Read more about <em>High Country News</em>’ history</a></strong>.</p> <p>Our print and online magazine reach over 220,000 readers each month, including policymakers, educators, public land managers, environmental professionals, outdoor enthusiasts and anyone passionate about the West. Our <a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/">online archives</a> stretch from the first issue in 1970 to today.</p> <div class="wp-block-cover has-custom-content-position is-position-center-left full-link has-normal-font-size" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:0;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);min-height:160px;aspect-ratio:unset;"><span aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-40 has-background-dim"></span><img data-perfmatters-preload data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="780" height="177" class="wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-179970" alt="" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=780%2C177&quality=100&ssl=1" style="object-position:74% 18%" data-object-fit="cover" data-object-position="74% 18%" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?w=2399&quality=100&ssl=1 2399w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=300%2C68&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1024%2C233&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=768%2C174&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1536%2C349&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=2048%2C465&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1200%2C273&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=1568%2C356&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?resize=400%2C91&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?w=2340&quality=100&ssl=1 2340w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/history-thin-bg.jpg?w=370&quality=100&ssl=1 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /><div class="wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-1 wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-left has-large-font-size"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/our-history/timeline/">Across the Decades</a></h2> <p class="has-text-align-center"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/our-history/timeline/">A timeline of <em>High Country News</em>: 1970 to now</a></p> </div></div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide"/> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="who">Who we are</h2> <p>Our team and board members embody a legacy of trust, independence, thoughtfulness and authenticity. With a commitment to the people and living things of the West, we operate freely in the public interest, reflecting the true spirit of our region.</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/team/">Our Team</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/board-of-directors/">Board of Directors</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/jobs/">Jobs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/fellowships/">Fellowships</a></li> </ul> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:100">Diversity Statement</h3> <p><em>High Country News</em> is part of a growing number of newsrooms addressing a historic lack of representation, inclusion and equity in journalism with effective solutions. We aim to publish diverse perspectives on Western environmental and social issues and to inspire our readers to expand their own outlooks while attracting and engaging a broader public.</p> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide"/> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="nonprofit">We are a nonprofit</h2> <p><em>High Country News</em>’ independent research and unique voice are <strong>supported largely by our devoted readership through<a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscribe/"> subscriptions</a> and <a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">donations</a></strong>. Grant support, advertising and syndication sales make up the rest. Read our <a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/annual-reports/">annual report</a> and our recent <a href="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2021-HCN-990-FY-21-22-Published.pdf">990</a>.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:300">Help us keep going</h3> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="alignright size-full"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="142" height="92" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/inn-member-badge.jpg?resize=142%2C92&quality=100&ssl=1" alt="" class="wp-image-177141"/></figure></div> <p>In order to continue we require support from our readers. Please consider <a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscribe/">subscribing</a> to the magazine and making a <a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">donation</a>. We offer a number of <a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscribe/">subscription options</a> which offers you immediate access to the website. </p> <p>If you have any questions regarding subscriptions please <a href="https://www.hcn.org/contact/">contact</a> our friendly in-house customer service team or call (970) 527-4898.</p> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide"/> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="join">Join the conversation</h2> <p>We showcase diverse, engaging storytelling, highlighting the many different experiences unfolding across the West. We welcome pitches from writers who bring a variety of experiences and perspectives to the magazine, including writers of color, LGBTQ+ writers, disabled writers and writers from other groups traditionally underrepresented in the media.</p> <div class="wp-block-cover is-light full-link has-normal-font-size" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);min-height:50px;aspect-ratio:unset;"><span aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-cover__background has-light-gray-background-color has-background-dim-100 has-background-dim"></span><div class="wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained"> <p><strong><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/submissions/">Submissions Guidelines</a></strong> for reportage, features, essays, photography and illustration.</p> </div></div> <p>To send us a news tip, please email us at <a href="mailto:editor@hcn.org">editor@hcn.org</a> or <a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/submissions/tips/">tell us online</a>. To share confidential information, please <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/how-to-share-confidential-news-tips-with-hcn/">use one of the secure methods we offer</a>.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:300">Letters to the Editor</h3> <p>Email <em>High Country News </em>at <a href="mailto:editor@hcn.org" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">editor@hcn.org</a> or submit a <a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/submissions/letters/">letter to the editor</a>.</p> <p>For correspondence addressed to <em>High Country News, HCN</em> or to the editors, permission to publish will be considered implicit unless specifically stated otherwise. Letters may be edited for length, accuracy and clarity.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:100">Publication policy</h3> <p>As a magazine, <em>High Country News</em> values tolerance and the celebration of human difference, as well as reasoned, mostly unimpeded conversation, demonstration and debate — achieved through facts and the evidence of experience. <em>High Country News</em> seeks to publish a diversity of viewpoints, but we will not publish or disseminate work that is discriminatory or otherwise harmful to individual safety or wellbeing. We will not publish work that promotes a prejudicial outlook, action or treatment of people or any attitude of hostility directed against an individual, a group, or race, or their supposed characteristics. Any statements or quotations that include such attitudes will be carefully examined and contextualized to minimize harm. <em>High Country News</em> defines harm as mental or physical injury, damage, or hurt. </p> <p>Read our <a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/submissions/corrections/">corrections policy</a>.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="Republish-our-work" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:100">Republish our work</h3> <p>We syndicate our<em> High Country News</em> work, and our articles have been featured in <em>The New York Times</em>, <em>Newsweek</em>, <em>Utne Reader</em>, <em>The Christian Science Monitor</em>, <em>The Navajo Times</em>, <em>The Boston Globe</em>, <em>Rolling Stone,</em> <em>USA Today </em>and many more publications<em>.</em> The <em>Los Angeles Times</em> describes <em>High Country News</em> as “<strong>the most influential environmental journal in the Mountain West.</strong>”</p> <p>Find out more about <a href="https://www.hcn.org/syndication/">syndicating <em>High Country News</em> stories</a>.</p> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide"/> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="impact">HCN’s Impact</h2> <p>Explore some of <em>HCN</em>’s award-winning coverage.</p> <div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-carousel slides-per-view-3 wpnbpc" id="wp-block-newspack-carousel__1" data-current-post-id=123956 data-slides-per-view=3 data-slide-count=7 data-aspect-ratio=1.3333333333333><div class="swiper"><div class="swiper-wrapper"> <article data-post-id="121501" class="post-has-image swiper-slide tag-agriculture tag-columbia-river tag-communities tag-dams tag-features tag-fish tag-food tag-history tag-indigenous-affairs tag-oregon tag-tribes tag-washington tag-water category-feature category-issues category-54-10 type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/54-10/indigenous-affairs-fish-pacific-lamprey-are-underwater-legends/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="521" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?fit=780%2C521&quality=100&ssl=1" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="Pacific lamprey’s ancient agreement with tribes is the future of conservation" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?w=2400&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=300%2C200&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=1024%2C684&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=768%2C513&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=1536%2C1025&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=2048%2C1367&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=1200%2C801&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=1568%2C1047&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?resize=400%2C267&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?w=2340&quality=100&ssl=1 2340w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/lamprey-legends-4.jpg?fit=780%2C521&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/54-10/indigenous-affairs-fish-pacific-lamprey-are-underwater-legends/" rel="bookmark">Pacific lamprey’s ancient agreement with tribes is the future of conservation</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/b-toastie-oaster/">B. ‘Toastie’ Oaster</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="121618" class="post-has-image swiper-slide tag-archive tag-arts-culture tag-communities tag-features tag-history tag-indigenous-affairs tag-people-places tag-photo-gallery tag-photos category-54-4 category-issues category-photo-essay type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/54-4/indigenous-affairs-photos-images-from-the-first-known-native-american-female-photographer/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="618" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?fit=780%2C618&quality=100&ssl=1" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="Images from the first-known Native American female photographer" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?w=2200&quality=100&ssl=1 2200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=300%2C238&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=1024%2C811&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=768%2C608&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=1536%2C1216&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=2048%2C1622&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=1200%2C950&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=1568%2C1242&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?resize=400%2C317&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/what-jennie-saw-8.jpg?fit=780%2C618&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/54-4/indigenous-affairs-photos-images-from-the-first-known-native-american-female-photographer/" rel="bookmark">Images from the first-known Native American female photographer</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/will-chavez/">Will Chavez</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="121206" class="post-has-image swiper-slide tag-communities tag-economy tag-features tag-housing tag-justice tag-law tag-law-enforcement tag-northwest tag-oregon tag-people-places tag-public-health tag-social-justice category-feature category-issues category-53-3 type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/53-3/north-law-enforcement-did-james-plymell-need-to-die/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="585" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?fit=780%2C585&quality=100&ssl=1" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="Did James Plymell need to die?" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?w=2200&quality=100&ssl=1 2200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=300%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=768%2C576&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?resize=1568%2C1176&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/tazer-death-splash.jpg?fit=780%2C585&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/53-3/north-law-enforcement-did-james-plymell-need-to-die/" rel="bookmark">Did James Plymell need to die?</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/leah-sottile/">Leah Sottile</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="121351" class="post-has-image swiper-slide tag-agriculture tag-arizona tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-drought tag-features tag-new-mexico tag-politics tag-water category-53-8 category-feature category-issues type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/53-8/agriculture-a-mega-dairy-is-transforming-arizonas-aquifer-and-farming-lifestyles/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="585" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?fit=780%2C585&quality=100&ssl=1" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="A mega-dairy is transforming Arizona’s aquifer and farming lifestyles" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?w=2200&quality=100&ssl=1 2200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=300%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=768%2C576&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&quality=100&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?resize=1568%2C1176&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/sucked-dry-thumb.jpg?fit=780%2C585&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/53-8/agriculture-a-mega-dairy-is-transforming-arizonas-aquifer-and-farming-lifestyles/" rel="bookmark">A mega-dairy is transforming Arizona’s aquifer and farming lifestyles</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/debbie-weingarten/">Debbie Weingarten</a></span> and <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/tony-davis/">Tony Davis</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="95926" class="post-has-image swiper-slide tag-bears-ears-national-monument tag-indigenous-affairs tag-justice tag-politics tag-tribes tag-youth category-articles type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/indigenous-affairs-justice-how-the-supreme-court-upended-a-century-of-federal-indian-law/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="520" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?fit=780%2C520&quality=100&ssl=1" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="How the Supreme Court upended a century of federal Indian law" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?w=1890&quality=100&ssl=1 1890w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?resize=300%2C200&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?resize=768%2C512&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?resize=1568%2C1045&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?resize=400%2C267&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/oklahoma_feature_tinified.jpg?fit=780%2C520&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/indigenous-affairs-justice-how-the-supreme-court-upended-a-century-of-federal-indian-law/" rel="bookmark">How the Supreme Court upended a century of federal Indian law</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/graham-lee-brewer/">Graham Lee Brewer</a></span> and <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/cary-aspinwall/">Cary Aspinwall</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="120829" class="post-has-image swiper-slide tag-covid19 tag-oregon tag-photo-gallery tag-photos tag-public-health tag-recreation tag-washington category-issues category-52-6 category-photo-essay type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/52-6/covid19-if-i-can-move-i-feel-much-better/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="519" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?fit=780%2C519&quality=100&ssl=1" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="On the deep human need to be outside" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?w=1500&quality=100&ssl=1 1500w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?resize=300%2C200&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?resize=768%2C511&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?resize=1200%2C799&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?resize=400%2C266&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/YUYAN-200409-PANOUT-00395.jpg?fit=780%2C519&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/52-6/covid19-if-i-can-move-i-feel-much-better/" rel="bookmark">On the deep human need to be outside</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/kiliii-yuyan/">Kiliii Yuyan</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="123956" class="post-has-image swiper-slide tag-news category-2020 category-media type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/media/2020/high-country-news-wins-23-national-native-media-awards/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="520" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/alcatraz-winner.jpg?fit=780%2C520&quality=100&ssl=1" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="High Country News wins 23 National Native media awards" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/alcatraz-winner.jpg?w=1200&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/alcatraz-winner.jpg?resize=300%2C200&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/alcatraz-winner.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/alcatraz-winner.jpg?resize=768%2C512&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/alcatraz-winner.jpg?resize=400%2C267&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/alcatraz-winner.jpg?fit=780%2C520&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/media/2020/high-country-news-wins-23-national-native-media-awards/" rel="bookmark">High Country News wins 23 National Native media awards</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/high-country-news/">High Country News</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> </div><button class="swiper-button swiper-button-prev" aria-label="Previous Slide" ></button><button class="swiper-button swiper-button-next" aria-label="Next Slide" ></button></div><div class="swiper-pagination-bullets" ><button option="0" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 1" selected></button><button option="1" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 2" ></button><button option="2" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 3" ></button><button option="3" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 4" ></button><button option="4" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 5" ></button><button option="5" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 6" ></button><button option="6" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 7" ></button></div></div> <p><em>High Country News</em> has received numerous national journalism awards, including:</p> <details class="wp-block-details has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2023</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>Staff Writer B. “Toastie” Oaster was nominated for a 2023 American Society of Magazine Editors award, one of the industry’s highest honors, in the Feature Writing category for their story “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/pacific-lampreys-ancient-agreement-with-tribes-is-the-future-of-conservation/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Underwater Legends</mark></a>” published in HCN’s October 2022 issue.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2022</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>“<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/54.4/indigenous-affairs-photos-images-from-the-first-known-native-american-female-photographer"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Images from the first-known Native American female photographer</mark></a>” won INN’s Insight Award for Visual Journalism in 2022</li> <li> Leah Sottile was selected as a finalist for the 2022 Michael Kelly Award for “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/did-james-plymell-need-to-die/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Did James Plymell Need to Die?</mark></a>“</li> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/land-grab-universities/"><mark><mark style="background-color:#111111" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Land-grab universities</mark></mark></a><mark style="background-color:#111111" class="has-inline-color">”</mark> by Tristan Ahtone and Robert Lee won the 2020 Polk Award for Education Reporting, the 2020 Investigative Reporters and Editors Award, the 2021 Sigma Award,the 2021 Arrell M. Gibson Award from the Western History Association, the Roy Rosenzweig Prize for Creativity in Digital History, an award of excellence from the Society for News Design’s Best of Print News Design competition and the 2021 Richard LaCourse Award for Investigative Journalism. It was also nominated for an Ellie Award in the public interest category.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2021</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>“<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/a-mega-dairy-is-transforming-arizonas-aquifer-and-farming-lifestyles/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">A mega-dairy is transforming Arizona’s aquifer and farming lifestyles</mark></a>” won third place in Society for Environmental Journalist’s Kevin Carmody Award for Outstanding Investigative Reporting.</li> <li>“<a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/how-the-supreme-court-upended-a-century-of-federal-indian-law/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">How the Supreme Court upended a century of federal Indian law</mark></a>” by Graham Lee Brewer and Cary Aspinwall won First Place, Print / Online – Best Feature Story at the <a href="https://najanewsroom.com/2021-national-native-media-award-winners/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Native American Journalists Association 2021 National Native Media Awards</mark></a>.</li> <li>“<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/on-the-deep-human-need-to-be-outside/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">On the deep human need to be outside</mark></a>” by Kiliii Yuyan won Third Place, Print / Online – Best Feature Photo at the <a href="https://najanewsroom.com/2021-national-native-media-award-winners/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Native American Journalists Association 2021 National Native Media Awards</mark></a>.</li> <li>Sophie Haigney won Washington Monthly’s inaugural (2021) Kukula Award for excellence in nonfiction book reviewing for her article “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/amidst-north-dakotas-fracking-boom-people-keep-disappearing/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">The searchers</mark></a>” where she reviewed the book “Yellow Bird: Oil, Murder, and a Woman’s Search for Justice in Indian Country.”</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2020</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-only-catfish-native-to-the-western-u-s-is-running-out-of-water/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“The only catfish native to the Western U.S. is running out of water”</mark></a> by Maya L. Kapoor won a Silver 2020 AAAS Kavli Science Journalism Award in the category of magazine writing. The article was also selected for the book <em>Best American Science and Nature Writing 2021</em>.</li> <li>“<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/how-a-tiny-endangered-species-put-a-man-in-prison/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">How a tiny endangered species put a man in prison</mark></a>” by Paige Blankenbuehler was listed as a notable science and nature writing in the book <em>2020 Best American Science and Nature Writing.</em></li> <li>We received 10 first-place awards, four second-place awards, nine third-place awards and two honorable mentions for our Indigenous affairs coverage from the <a href="https://www.hcn.org/media/2020/high-country-news-wins-23-national-native-media-awards">Native American Journalists Association 2020 National Native Media Awards</a>.</li> <li>“<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/an-indigenous-way-of-life-for-these-california-tribes-breaks-state-laws/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">An Indigenous way of life for these California tribes breaks state laws</mark></a>” by Debra Utacia Krol received second place in the food features category from the Society for Features Journalism at the 2020 Excellence in Features Awards.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2010’s</summary> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2019</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>We received eight first-place awards, nine second-place awards and two third-place award for our coverage of tribal affairs for the <a href="https://najanewsroom.com/2019/07/11/naja-announces-2019-national-native-media-award-winners/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Native American Journalists Association 2019 National Native Media Awards</mark></a>.</li> <li>2019 Thomas L. Stokes Award for Best Energy and Environment Writing for “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-rising-risks-of-the-wests-latest-gas-boom/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">The rising risks of the West’s latest gas boom</mark></a>” by Daniel Glick and Jason Plautz.</li> <li>2019 American Society of Journalists and Authors Outstanding Reported Essay for “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/in-this-rapaciously-dry-year-a-quiet-question-grows-louder-what-are-we-doing-here/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">In this rapaciously dry year, a quiet question grows louder: What are we doing here?</mark></a>” by Cally Carswell.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2018</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>We received six first-place awards and one third-place award for our coverage of tribal affairs for the <a href="https://www.hcn.org/media/2018/NAJA-awards"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Native American Journalists Association 2018 National Native Media Awards</mark></a>.</li> <li>2018 James Beard Foundation Journalism Awards: Foodways for “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-teenage-whalers-tale/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">The Teenage Whaler’s Tale</mark></a>” by Julia O’Malley.</li> <li>2018 Walter Sullivan Award for “<a href="http://agupr.pr-optout.com/Tracking.aspx?Data=HHL%3d%402%3b5%3f%26JDG%3c%3a9%40!OHL%3d8%2b62&RE=MC&RI=5753596&Preview=False&DistributionActionID=58497&Action=Follow+Link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Inside the Firestorm</mark></a>,” by Douglas Fox.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2017</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>2017 American Association for the Advancement of Sciences Kavli Science Journalism awards: Gold for magazine writing for “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/inside-the-firestorm/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Inside the Firestorm</mark></a>” by Douglas Fox, and a silver for online journalism for “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-wests-newest-bird-species-has-a-beak-like-a-crowbar/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">The West’s newest bird species has a beak like a crowbar</mark></a>” by Nick Neely.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2016</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>2016 Society of Environmental Journalists Award for Beat Reporting for Jonathan Thompson’s story “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/when-our-river-turned-orange/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">When our river turned orange</mark></a>,” which appeared on our website and was later followed up on in a feature story about the Gold King Mine spill.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2015</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>The American Geophysical Union named Doug Fox its 2015 Walter Sullivan Award Winner for his story “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-dust-detectives/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">Dust Detectives</mark></a>,” which appeared in our Dec. 22 issue. The award committee praised Fox’s “excellent storytelling, compelling characters, and his choice of an important, newsworthy topic.”</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2014</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>The National Association of Science Writers recently recognized contributing editor Cally Carswell with a prestigious 2014 Science in Society award for her story “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-tree-coroners/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">The Tree Coroners</mark></a>“. The Dec. 16 story, which profiled researchers who hope to save the West’s threatened forests by understanding just how and why trees die, won the Science Reporting with a Local or Regional Focus category. </li> <li>This story also received a 2014 Society of Environmental Journalists Awards: second place in the Outstanding In-depth Reporting, Small Market category. The SEJ judges said, “Cally Carswell’s well-written, educational and entertaining story created a narrative that most certainly heightened public awareness about an important topic that is often overlooked when discussing the planet’s growing carbon footprint: the vital role trees play … This story highlighted the challenges of this important work.”</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2013</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>The 2013 Utne Media Award for Environmental Coverage. “<em>HCN</em> stood out for its consistent reports on important stories we’re not reading anywhere else,” wrote the Utne judges. “From the effects of Twilight-inspired tourism on the Quileute Nation to half-built subdivisions at the foot of the Grand Tetons, <em>HCN</em> shines a spotlight on our culture’s relationship to the wild. And while it might be easy to vilify, say, a developer in the Tetons or the Twilight tourists, <em>HCN’s</em> reporters seek nuance instead.”</li> <li>A 2013 Science in Society Award, from the National Association of Science Writers, in the Science Reporting with a Local or Regional Focus category, for Hillary Rosner’s “<a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/can-snowshoe-hares-outrace-climate-change/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">The Color of Bunny</mark></a>,” a story about how snowshoe hares are adapting to climate change.</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2012</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>A 2012 Science in Society Award, from the National Association of Science Writers, in the Science Reporting with a Local or Regional Focus category, for <a href="https://www.hcn.org/category/issues/43-22/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Perilous Passages,”</mark></a> a package of stories on animal migration. This package also won the 2012 Knight-Risser Prize for Western Environmental Journalism.</li> <li>The 2012 Society of Environmental Journalists Awards, first place in the Outstanding Beat Reporting, Small Market category, for Matthew Frank’s coverage including <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/43.12/montanas-stream-access-law-stays-strong"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Montana’s stream access law stays stron</mark></a><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/montanas-stream-access-law-stays-strong/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">g.”</mark></a></li> <li>A finalist for the 2012 Livingston Awards for Young Journalists, for Stephanie Paige Ogburn’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/43.5/cattlemen-struggle-against-giant-meatpackers-and-economic-squeezes"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Cattlemen struggle against giant meatpackers and economic squeezes.</mark></a><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/cattlemen-struggle-against-giant-meatpackers-and-economic-squeezes/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“</mark></a></li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2011</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>A 2011 Special Citation from the Knight-Risser Prize for Western Environmental Journalism for David Wolman’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/accidental-wilderness/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Accidental Wilderness.”</mark></a> This story also won a Society of Environmental Journalists Award (third place in the Outstanding In-depth Reporting, Small Market category).</li> <li>The 2011 Excellence in Journalism Awards, from the Native American Journalists Association, Best Feature Monthly, Division 1 category, for Terri Hansen’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/activist-brings-diversity-to-green-orgs/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Celebrating Shades of Green.”</mark></a></li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2010</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>A 2010 Special Citation from the Knight-Risser Prize for Western Environmental Journalism for Jonathan Thompson’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/wind-resistance/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Wind Resistance.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2010 Kavli Science Journalism Award, from the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in the Small Newspaper category, for Hillary Rosner’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/one-tough-sucker/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“One Tough Sucker.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2010 Science in Society Award, from the National Association of Science Writers, in the Science Reporting with a Local or Regional Focus category, for J. Madeleine Nash’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/bring-in-the-cows/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Bring in the Cows.”</mark></a></li> <li>The 2010 Utne Reader Independent Press Award for Best Environmental Coverage.</li> <li>A 2010 Hillman Prize for Magazine Journalism with a social-justice perspective, for Rebecca Clarren’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-dark-side-of-dairies/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“The Dark Side of Dairies.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2010 First Person Narrative award, from the American Society of Journalists and Authors, for Michelle Nijhuis’ essay <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/township-13-south-range-92-west-section-35/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Township 13 South, Range 92 West, Section 35.”</mark></a></li> <li>The Native American Journalists Association Best Environmental Story of 2010, in the Monthly/bimonthly category, for Debra Utacia Krol’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/cultural-blight/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Cultural Blight.”</mark></a></li> </ul> </details> </details> <details class="wp-block-details has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>2000’s</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>The 2009 Society of Environmental Journalists Awards, second place in the Outstanding Small Market Reporting, Print category, for Florence Williams’<mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color"> </mark><a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/on-cancers-trail/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“On Cancer’s Trail,”</mark></a> and third place for J. Madeleine Nash’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/back-to-the-future/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Back to the Future.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2009 Mental Health America national journalism award for Ray Ring’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/my-crazy-brother/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“My Crazy Brother.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2008 Hillman Prize for Magazine Journalism with a social-justice perspective, for Ray Ring’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/disposable-workers-of-the-oil-and-gas-fields/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Disposable Workers of the Oil and Gas Fields.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2008 Special Citation from the Knight-Risser Prize for Western Environmental Journalism for Hannah Nordhaus’ <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-silence-of-the-bees/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“The Silence of the Bees.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2008 Media Award from the American Institute of Biological Sciences, for Michelle Nijhuis’ <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/beetle-warfare/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Beetle Warfare”</mark></a> and <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/bonfire-of-the-superweeds/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Bonfire of the Superweeds.”</mark></a></li> <li>The 2008 Society of Environmental Journalists Awards, second place in the Outstanding Small Market Reporting, Print category, for Peter Friederici’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/facing-the-yuck-factor/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Facing the Yuck Factor,”</mark></a> which also won a 2007 Award of Excellence in the Best of Newspaper Design competition of the Society for News Design.</li> <li>A 2006 Utne Reader Independent Press Award for Best Local/Regional Coverage.</li> <li>A 2006 George Polk Award for Political Reporting for Ray Ring’s <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/taking-liberties/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Taking Liberties,”</mark></a>  which also won an American Planning Association Award.</li> <li>The 2006 James V. Risser Prize for Western Environmental Journalism for Matt Jenkins’ <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/squeezing-water-from-a-stone/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Squeezing Water from a Stone.”</mark></a></li> <li>A 2006 Science Journalism Award, from the American Association for Advancement of Science for Michelle Nijhuis’ series: <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-ghosts-of-yosemite/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“The Ghosts of Yosemite,”</mark></a> and <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/save-our-snow/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Save Our Snow,”</mark></a>  and <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/dust-and-snow/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Dust and Snow.”</mark></a>  The series also won the 2006 Walter Sullivan Award for Excellence in Science Journalism from the American Geophysical Union.</li> <li>The 2005 Society of Environmental Journalists Awards, third place in the Outstanding Explanatory Journalism category, for Ray Ring’s series on new angles in environmental politics, including <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/where-were-the-environmentalists-when-libby-needed-them-most/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Where Were the Environmentalists When Libby Needed Them Most? The Story of an Ailing Town in Northwestern Montana Calls into Question the Health of the Environmental Movement.”</mark></a></li> <li>The 2004 Society of Environmental Journalists Awards, third place in the Outstanding Beat Reporting category, for Ray Ring’s series of stories including <a href="https://www.hcn.org/servlets/hcn.Article?article_id=13984"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“A losing battle (an analysis of wildfire policy),”</mark></a> and  <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-wests-biggest-bully-gets-his/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“The West’s biggest bully: Environmentalists in Montana’s Flathead County make quiet progress against a 5,000-watt loudmouth,”</mark></a> and <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/the-big-story-written-small/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“The big story written small: How most daily newspapers fall short covering environmental and growth issues.”</mark></a> SEJ judges said Ring’s stories provided “compelling and provocative coverage of Western natural-resource conflicts … sweeping in scope, befitting the West’s broad canvas, and meticulous in detail, a mark of fine reporting. On topics ranging from wildfires to an anti-environmental shock jock, Ring presents fascinating insights into the region’s unique blend of natural wonders and human foibles.”</li> <li>The 2003 Society of Environmental Journalists Awards, third place in the Outstanding Beat Reporting category, for Ray Ring’s series of stories including <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/wolf-at-the-door/"><mark style="background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)" class="has-inline-color has-marigold-yellow-color">“Wolf at the Door.”</mark></a> SEJ judges said, “Equally at ease writing about wolves or killer bees, about the fervor of snowmobilers or the foibles of Arizona governors, Ray Ring reported scenes so vividly that readers felt taken along for some fascinating rides. A chronicler this skillful didn’t have to moralize; he just let the subjects speak for themselves. His stories for <em>High Country News</em> had depth and texture rarely matched by the efforts of publications with much greater resources.”</li> </ul> </details> <details class="wp-block-details has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>1980’s</summary> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>A 1986 George Polk Award for Environmental Reporting.</li> </ul> </details> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide"/> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="ethics">Ethics policy</h2> <p>We subscribe to standards of editorial independence adopted by the Institute for Nonprofit News:</p> <p>Our organization retains full authority over editorial content to protect the best journalistic and business interests of our organization. We maintain a firewall between news coverage decisions and sources of all revenue. Acceptance of financial support does not constitute implied or actual endorsement of donors or their products, services or opinions.</p> <p>We accept gifts, grants and sponsorships from individuals and organizations for the general support of our activities, but our news judgments are made independently and not on the basis of donor support.</p> <p>Our organization may consider donations to support the coverage of particular topics, but our organization maintains editorial control of the coverage. We will cede no right of review or influence of editorial content, nor of unauthorized distribution of editorial content.</p> <p>Our organization will make public all donors. We will accept anonymous donations for general support only if it is clear that sufficient safeguards have been put into place that the expenditure of that donation is made independently by our organization and in compliance with <a href="https://inn.org/for-members/membership-standards" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">INN’s Membership Standards</a>.</p> </div> </article> </div> <aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"> <div class='newspack_global_ad sidebar_sidebar-1 sidebar_sidebar-1-before hook-before stick-to-top fixed-height'> </div> <section id="jetpack-search-filters-4" class="widget jetpack-filters widget_search"> <div id="jetpack-search-filters-4-wrapper" class="jetpack-instant-search-wrapper"> <div class="jetpack-search-form"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://www.hcn.org/"> <label for="search-form-3"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-3" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> <input type="hidden" name="orderby" value="" /><input type="hidden" name="order" value="" /></form> </div></div></section><section id="bs_zones-2" class="widget bs_zones"><div><broadstreet-zone place="" zone-id="148159" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,is_article_page,about,page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias=""></broadstreet-zone></div></section><section id="block-35" class="widget widget_block"><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup " role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000" id="id_324185" data-segments="12178" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Support nonprofit news</h2> <p class="has-normal-font-size"><em>High Country News</em> relies on donations as well as subscription fees to produce independent reporting on the West. Help continue the legacy of reader-supported journalism by making a tax-deductible contribution today.</p> <div class="wp-block-buttons has-custom-font-size has-normal-font-size is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-marigold-yellow-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button" href="?view=donation-select&campaign_key=campaign-subscriber-1" style="color:#000000">Make a contribution</a></div> </div> <p><em>Find out more about how we use your contributions in our <a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/annual-reports/" data-type="page" data-id="179985" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">annual reports and filings</span></a>.</em></p> </div> </aside><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup newspack-lightbox-large-border " role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fcc74c;color:#000" id="id_324182" data-segments="12156" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Subscribe to High Country News</h2> <p style="font-size:24px">Get access to on-the-ground reporting from across the West and support continued coverage of our region.</p> <button style="font-size:20px" class="pelcro-subscribe-button has-dark-gray-background-color has-background">Subscribe now</button> </div> </aside><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup " role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000" id="id_324170" data-segments="12243" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <div class="wp-block-group is-style-default" style="padding-top:0px;padding-right:5px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:5px"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading accent-header" style="font-size:1rem">Get our newsletters</h2> <p style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-size:1.2rem">Don’t miss <em>High Country News</em>’ latest on-the-ground reporting from across the Western. U.S.</p> <div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework newspack-subscribe-form_wrapper' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='3' id='gform_wrapper_7' ><style>#gform_wrapper_7[data-form-index="3"].gform-theme,[data-parent-form="7_3"]{--gf-color-primary: #000000;--gf-color-primary-rgb: 0,0,0;--gf-color-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-primary-darker: #000000;--gf-color-primary-lighter: #323232;--gf-color-secondary: #fff;--gf-color-secondary-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-secondary-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-secondary-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-secondary-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-secondary-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-color-in-ctrl: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-rgb: 32,76,229;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast-rgb: 255,255,255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light: rgba(17,35,55,0.1);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-rgb: 17,35,55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104,110,119,0.35);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88,94,106;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17,35,55,0.65);--gf-radius: 3px;--gf-font-size-secondary: 14px;--gf-font-size-tertiary: 13px;--gf-icon-ctrl-number: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='8' height='14' viewBox='0 0 8 14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M4 0C4.26522 5.96046e-08 4.51957 0.105357 4.70711 0.292893L7.70711 3.29289C8.09763 3.68342 8.09763 4.31658 7.70711 4.70711C7.31658 5.09763 6.68342 5.09763 6.29289 4.70711L4 2.41421L1.70711 4.70711C1.31658 5.09763 0.683417 5.09763 0.292893 4.70711C-0.0976311 4.31658 -0.097631 3.68342 0.292893 3.29289L3.29289 0.292893C3.48043 0.105357 3.73478 0 4 0ZM0.292893 9.29289C0.683417 8.90237 1.31658 8.90237 1.70711 9.29289L4 11.5858L6.29289 9.29289C6.68342 8.90237 7.31658 8.90237 7.70711 9.29289C8.09763 9.68342 8.09763 10.3166 7.70711 10.7071L4.70711 13.7071C4.31658 14.0976 3.68342 14.0976 3.29289 13.7071L0.292893 10.7071C-0.0976311 10.3166 -0.0976311 9.68342 0.292893 9.29289Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-select: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='10' height='6' viewBox='0 0 10 6' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M0.292893 0.292893C0.683417 -0.097631 1.31658 -0.097631 1.70711 0.292893L5 3.58579L8.29289 0.292893C8.68342 -0.0976311 9.31658 -0.0976311 9.70711 0.292893C10.0976 0.683417 10.0976 1.31658 9.70711 1.70711L5.70711 5.70711C5.31658 6.09763 4.68342 6.09763 4.29289 5.70711L0.292893 1.70711C-0.0976311 1.31658 -0.0976311 0.683418 0.292893 0.292893Z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-search: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='640' height='640'%3E%3Cpath d='M256 128c-70.692 0-128 57.308-128 128 0 70.691 57.308 128 128 128 70.691 0 128-57.309 128-128 0-70.692-57.309-128-128-128zM64 256c0-106.039 85.961-192 192-192s192 85.961 192 192c0 41.466-13.146 79.863-35.498 111.248l154.125 154.125c12.496 12.496 12.496 32.758 0 45.254s-32.758 12.496-45.254 0L367.248 412.502C335.862 434.854 297.467 448 256 448c-106.039 0-192-85.962-192-192z' fill='rgba(17,35,55,0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-label-space-y-secondary: var(--gf-label-space-y-md-secondary);--gf-ctrl-border-color: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-size: var(--gf-ctrl-size-md);--gf-ctrl-label-color-primary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-label-color-secondary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-choice-size: var(--gf-ctrl-choice-size-md);--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-border-color-secondary: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-file-btn-bg-color-hover: #EBEBEB;--gf-field-pg-steps-number-color: rgba(17,35,55,0.8);}</style><div id='gf_7' class='gform_anchor' tabindex='-1'></div><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' target='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_7' class='newspack-subscribe-form' action='/about/#gf_7' data-formid='7' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_7' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><div id="field_7_1" class="gfield gfield--type-email gfield--input-type-email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below hidden_label field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_1'>Email address<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_text">(Required)</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_1' id='input_7_1' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email address' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" autocomplete="email"/> </div></div><div id="field_7_4" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_4" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_7_4' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='campaign-new-reader' /></div></div><div id="field_7_5" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gfield--input-type-hidden gfield--width-full gform_hidden field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_5" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_7_5' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='sidebar-widget' /></div></div><div id="field_7_6" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_below gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_7_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_7_6'>Comments</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_6' id='input_7_6' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_7_6'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></div></div></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_7' class='gform_button button gform-button--width-full' value='Sign up' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_7"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_7")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_7"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_7").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_ajax' value='form_id=7&title=&description=&tabindex=0&theme=gravity-theme' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='7' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_7' value='WyJbXSIsIjNiMjE2M2VkNDIxNDc0ODY5ZTE3NDRmYTI5NTdkYTI2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_7' id='gform_target_page_number_7' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_7' id='gform_source_page_number_7' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='method=sidebar-widget&ac_tag=campaign-new-reader' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_4" name="ak_js" value="31"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_4" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <iframe style='display:none;width:0px;height:0px;' src='about:blank' name='gform_ajax_frame_7' id='gform_ajax_frame_7' title='This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.'></iframe> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_7').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_7');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_7').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_7').val();gformInitSpinner( 7, 'https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [7, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_7').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_7').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [7]);window['gf_submitting_7'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_7').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_7').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); </script> </div></div> </div> </aside></section><section id="block-13" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group is-style-border has-white-background-color has-background" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading accent-header">Most popular stories</h2> <p><div class="jetpack_top_posts_widget"><ul><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/how-a-dwindling-helium-supply-is-impacting-public-land-management/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">How a dwindling helium supply is impacting public land management</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/where-horses-roam-sage-grouse-struggle/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">Where horses roam, sage grouse struggle</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/beautiful-bears-ears-is-at-risk-again/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">Beautiful Bears Ears is at risk, again</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/indigenous-affairs-trumps-impact-on-indian-country-over-four-years/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">Trump’s impact on Indian Country over four years</a></li><li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/my-family-experienced-indian-boarding-schools-and-genocide/" class="bump-view" data-bump-view="tp">My family experienced Indian boarding schools – and genocide</a></li></ul></div></p> </div></div> </section><section id="block-14" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading accent-header has-white-color has-text-color">Featured Stories</h2> <div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles is-style-default wpnbha show-image image-alignleft ts-3 is-1 is-landscape is-style-default has-text-align-left" style="" > <style id="newspack-blocks-inline-css" type="text/css">.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-title{font-size: 1.2em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-meta{display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;margin-top: 0.5em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-meta{font-size: 0.8em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .avatar{height: 25px;width: 25px;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail{margin: 0;margin-bottom: 0.25em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail img{height: auto;width: 100%;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail figcaption{margin-bottom: 0.5em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles p{margin: 0.5em 0;}</style> <div data-posts data-current-post-id="126098"> <article data-post-id="329781" class="tag-barack-obama tag-bears-ears-national-monument tag-coal tag-donald-trump tag-energy-industry tag-joe-biden tag-law tag-mining tag-monuments tag-natural-gas tag-nuclear-energy tag-oil tag-perspective tag-philosophy tag-politics tag-public-lands tag-tribes tag-utah tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/beautiful-bears-ears-is-at-risk-again/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/jonnypeacebearsears1.png?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Beautiful Bears Ears is at risk, again" data-hero-candidate="1" loading="none" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/jonnypeacebearsears1.png?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/jonnypeacebearsears1.png?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/jonnypeacebearsears1.png?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/jonnypeacebearsears1.png?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/jonnypeacebearsears1.png?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 600px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/beautiful-bears-ears-is-at-risk-again/" rel="bookmark">Beautiful Bears Ears is at risk, again</a></h2> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="329672" class="tag-bureau-of-indian-affairs tag-department-of-interior tag-education tag-history tag-joe-biden tag-perspective tag-politics tag-tribes category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/my-family-experienced-indian-boarding-schools-and-genocide/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="My family experienced Indian boarding schools – and genocide" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?w=1920&quality=100&ssl=1 1920w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=300%2C225&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=768%2C576&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=1536%2C1152&quality=100&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=1024%2C768&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=1568%2C1176&quality=100&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/file-20241027-17-spumhm.png?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 600px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/my-family-experienced-indian-boarding-schools-and-genocide/" rel="bookmark">My family experienced Indian boarding schools – and genocide</a></h2> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="329679" class="tag-birds tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-sagebrush tag-scientific-research tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive tag-wildlife tag-wyoming category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/where-horses-roam-sage-grouse-struggle/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Where horses roam, sage grouse struggle" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&quality=100&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&quality=100&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/RAD_8770-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&quality=100&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 600px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/where-horses-roam-sage-grouse-struggle/" rel="bookmark">Where horses roam, sage grouse struggle</a></h2> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div></div> </section><section id="bs_zones-3" class="widget bs_zones"><div><broadstreet-zone place="" zone-id="151927" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,is_article_page,about,page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias=""></broadstreet-zone></div></section><section id="block-15" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group has-background" style="background-color:#fee0a4;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading accent-header has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7a01e4f4206ccc1f03fdeb779ad67892" style="color:#000000">The West in Perspective</h2> <div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles wpnbha ts-3 has-text-align-left" style="" > <div data-posts data-current-post-id="126098"> <article data-post-id="329291" class="tag-donald-trump tag-economy tag-election2024 tag-landline tag-montana-2 tag-perspective tag-politics tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/montanas-jon-tester-might-lose-heres-why-that-matters/" rel="bookmark">Montana’s Jon Tester might lose. Here’s why that matters</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/jonathan-thompson/">Jonathan Thompson</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="329208" class="tag-alaska tag-canada tag-communities tag-mountain-west tag-people-places tag-perspective tag-public-health tag-state-government tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/welcome-to-daylight-nonsense-time/" rel="bookmark">Welcome to Daylight Nonsense Time</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/eva-holland/">Eva Holland</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="329192" class="tag-analysis tag-bears-ears-national-monument tag-bureau-of-indian-affairs tag-bureau-of-land-management tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-coal tag-communities tag-department-of-interior tag-election2024 tag-energy-industry tag-indigenous-affairs tag-monuments tag-natural-gas tag-oil tag-politics tag-public-lands tag-tribes tag-web-exclusive category-articles type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/articles/what-project-2025-has-to-say-about-indigenous-affairs/" rel="bookmark">What Project 2025 has to say about Native communities</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.hcn.org/author/anna-v-smith/">Anna V. Smith</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div></div> </section><section id="block-28" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group has-white-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-edb311bb1e0eddd92a3eeb7a5b4b84dc"><a href="/about">About High Country News</a></h3> <ul class="has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-block-list wp-elements-1194596a4b649070e32c624ed2ba8efc"> <li><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/our-history/timeline/" data-type="page" data-id="179738">Our history</a></li> <li><a href="/support/">How to support <em>HCN</em></a></li> <li><a href="/about/submissions/">Submissions</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </section> <div class='newspack_global_ad sidebar_sidebar-1 sidebar_sidebar-1-after hook-after stick-to-top fixed-height'> </div> </aside> </main> </section> <div class="above-footer-widgets"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-16" class="above-footer widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66667%"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:0">Know the West.</h2> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.333333%"> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button has-custom-font-size has-normal-font-size"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-dark-gray-color has-marigold-yellow-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-element-button" href="#footer-subscribe-form" style="border-radius:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)">Get 2 free issues ↓</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"> <aside class="widget-area footer-widgets" role="complementary" aria-label="Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-20" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66%"> <div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-style-borders is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33333%"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img decoding="async" width="1200" height="907" src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-126066" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?w=1200&quality=100&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=300%2C227&quality=100&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=1024%2C774&quality=100&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=768%2C580&quality=100&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=200%2C150&quality=100&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?resize=400%2C302&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/HCN_Logo-Stacked_White-1.png?w=370&quality=100&ssl=1 370w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:66.66667%"> <p>119 Grand Avenue<br>PO Box 1090<br>Paonia, CO 81428<br><a href="tel:9705274898" data-type="tel" data-id="tel:9705274898">(970) 527-4898</a></p> </div> </div> <ul class="wp-block-social-links has-small-icon-size has-icon-color is-style-logos-only is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex"><li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-twitter has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://twitter.com/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M22.23,5.924c-0.736,0.326-1.527,0.547-2.357,0.646c0.847-0.508,1.498-1.312,1.804-2.27 c-0.793,0.47-1.671,0.812-2.606,0.996C18.324,4.498,17.257,4,16.077,4c-2.266,0-4.103,1.837-4.103,4.103 c0,0.322,0.036,0.635,0.106,0.935C8.67,8.867,5.647,7.234,3.623,4.751C3.27,5.357,3.067,6.062,3.067,6.814 c0,1.424,0.724,2.679,1.825,3.415c-0.673-0.021-1.305-0.206-1.859-0.513c0,0.017,0,0.034,0,0.052c0,1.988,1.414,3.647,3.292,4.023 c-0.344,0.094-0.707,0.144-1.081,0.144c-0.264,0-0.521-0.026-0.772-0.074c0.522,1.63,2.038,2.816,3.833,2.85 c-1.404,1.1-3.174,1.756-5.096,1.756c-0.331,0-0.658-0.019-0.979-0.057c1.816,1.164,3.973,1.843,6.29,1.843 c7.547,0,11.675-6.252,11.675-11.675c0-0.178-0.004-0.355-0.012-0.531C20.985,7.47,21.68,6.747,22.23,5.924z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Twitter</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-instagram has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-tiktok has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M16.708 0.027c1.745-0.027 3.48-0.011 5.213-0.027 0.105 2.041 0.839 4.12 2.333 5.563 1.491 1.479 3.6 2.156 5.652 2.385v5.369c-1.923-0.063-3.855-0.463-5.6-1.291-0.76-0.344-1.468-0.787-2.161-1.24-0.009 3.896 0.016 7.787-0.025 11.667-0.104 1.864-0.719 3.719-1.803 5.255-1.744 2.557-4.771 4.224-7.88 4.276-1.907 0.109-3.812-0.411-5.437-1.369-2.693-1.588-4.588-4.495-4.864-7.615-0.032-0.667-0.043-1.333-0.016-1.984 0.24-2.537 1.495-4.964 3.443-6.615 2.208-1.923 5.301-2.839 8.197-2.297 0.027 1.975-0.052 3.948-0.052 5.923-1.323-0.428-2.869-0.308-4.025 0.495-0.844 0.547-1.485 1.385-1.819 2.333-0.276 0.676-0.197 1.427-0.181 2.145 0.317 2.188 2.421 4.027 4.667 3.828 1.489-0.016 2.916-0.88 3.692-2.145 0.251-0.443 0.532-0.896 0.547-1.417 0.131-2.385 0.079-4.76 0.095-7.145 0.011-5.375-0.016-10.735 0.025-16.093z" /></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">TikTok</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-youtube has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/highcountrynews" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M21.8,8.001c0,0-0.195-1.378-0.795-1.985c-0.76-0.797-1.613-0.801-2.004-0.847c-2.799-0.202-6.997-0.202-6.997-0.202 h-0.009c0,0-4.198,0-6.997,0.202C4.608,5.216,3.756,5.22,2.995,6.016C2.395,6.623,2.2,8.001,2.2,8.001S2,9.62,2,11.238v1.517 c0,1.618,0.2,3.237,0.2,3.237s0.195,1.378,0.795,1.985c0.761,0.797,1.76,0.771,2.205,0.855c1.6,0.153,6.8,0.201,6.8,0.201 s4.203-0.006,7.001-0.209c0.391-0.047,1.243-0.051,2.004-0.847c0.6-0.607,0.795-1.985,0.795-1.985s0.2-1.618,0.2-3.237v-1.517 C22,9.62,21.8,8.001,21.8,8.001z M9.935,14.594l-0.001-5.62l5.404,2.82L9.935,14.594z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-linkedin has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/high-country-news" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-feed has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/rss" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M2,8.667V12c5.515,0,10,4.485,10,10h3.333C15.333,14.637,9.363,8.667,2,8.667z M2,2v3.333 c9.19,0,16.667,7.477,16.667,16.667H22C22,10.955,13.045,2,2,2z M4.5,17C3.118,17,2,18.12,2,19.5S3.118,22,4.5,22S7,20.88,7,19.5 S5.882,17,4.5,17z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">RSS Feed</span></a></li> <li style="color: #FFFFFF; " class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-mail has-white-color wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://hcn.org/contact/" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19,5H5c-1.1,0-2,.9-2,2v10c0,1.1.9,2,2,2h14c1.1,0,2-.9,2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm.5,12c0,.3-.2.5-.5.5H5c-.3,0-.5-.2-.5-.5V9.8l7.5,5.6,7.5-5.6V17zm0-9.1L12,13.6,4.5,7.9V7c0-.3.2-.5.5-.5h14c.3,0,.5.2.5.5v.9z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Contact Us</span></a></li></ul> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:50%"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-footer-menu-1-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu-1" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-126113" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-126098 current_page_item menu-item-126113"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/" aria-current="page">About us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-324285" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-324285"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/jobs/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126114" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126114"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/submissions/">Pitch us a story</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126115" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126115"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/about/fellowships/">Fellowships</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126116" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126116"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/edu/">Education</a></li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"><div class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-footer-menu-2-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu-2" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-126117" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126117"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/support/">Support our work</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126118" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126118"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/advertising/">Advertise</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126119" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126119"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/syndication/">Syndication</a></li> <li id="menu-item-126120" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-126120"><a href="https://www.hcn.org/subscriber-services/">Subscriber services</a></li> </ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"> <div class="wp-block-buttons footer-subscribe-form-heading is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button has-custom-font-size has-normal-font-size"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-dark-gray-color has-marigold-yellow-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-element-button" href="/subscribe/?view=register&product_id=2071&plan_id=27792&coupon_code=FullTrial2&campaign_key=site_footer_label" style="border-radius:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)">Get 2 free issues ↓</a></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:25%"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full" id="footer-subscribe-form"><img decoding="async" width="400" height="476" src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg" alt="Magazine cover: January 11, 2024: The Creatures in Our Midst" class="wp-image-321783" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg?w=400&quality=100&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg?resize=252%2C300&quality=100&ssl=1 252w, https://i0.wp.com/www.hcn.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/februarycover-24-1.jpg?w=370&quality=100&ssl=1 370w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <p class="full-link"><a href="/subscribe/trial/?view=register&product_id=2071&plan_id=27792&coupon_code=FullTrial2&campaign_key=site_footer" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Sign up for a free trial</strong></a><strong> </strong>of <em>High Country News</em>. Learn what’s happening across the West today and see if becoming a subscriber is for you.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </aside> <div class="site-info"> <aside class="widget-area" role="complementary" aria-label="Below Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-33" class="widget widget_block widget_text"> <p><a href="https://www.hcn.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="https://www.hcn.org/terms/">Terms of Use</a></p> </section> </div> </aside> <div class="wrapper site-info-contain"> <span class="copyright">© 2024 High Country News. All rights reserved</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://newspack.com/" class="imprint"> Powered by Newspack </a> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script data-cfasync='false'>window.broadstreetKeywords = ['not_home_page','not_landing_page','is_article_page','about','page'] window.broadstreetTargets = {"pagetype":["not_home_page"],"category":["about","page"],"url":"about"}; window.broadstreet = window.broadstreet || { run: [] };window.broadstreet.run.push(function () { window.broadstreet.loadNetworkJS(8006, {}); });</script><script defer id="bilmur" data-provider="wpcloud" data-service="newspack" src="https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/js/bilmur.min.js?m=202447"></script> <div class="jetpack-instant-search__widget-area" style="display: none"> <div id="jetpack-search-filters-3" class="widget jetpack-filters widget_search"> <div id="jetpack-search-filters-3-wrapper" class="jetpack-instant-search-wrapper"> </div></div> </div> <script type="module"> import { Workbox } from "https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/pwa\/wp-includes\/js\/workbox-v7.3.0\/workbox-window.prod.js"; if ( 'serviceWorker' in navigator ) { window.wp = window.wp || {}; window.wp.serviceWorkerWindow = new Workbox( "https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp.serviceworker", {"scope":"\/"} ); window.wp.serviceWorkerWindow.register(); } </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-carousel-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/carousel/view.css?ver=4.3.7' media='all' /> <link rel="stylesheet" id="jetpack-top-posts-widget-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/widgets/top-posts/style.css?ver=20141013"> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-css' href='https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.css?ver=4.3.7' media='all' /> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'>.wp-elements-ff38e502546aa065418fcbe597b432c8 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#121212;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-elements-a4788405bd5595f1203811228390787a a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#121212;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--40) * -1);}.wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-1 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50) * -1);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(5px * -1);margin-left:calc(5px * -1);}.wp-elements-7a01e4f4206ccc1f03fdeb779ad67892 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:#000000;}.wp-elements-edb311bb1e0eddd92a3eeb7a5b4b84dc a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-elements-1194596a4b649070e32c624ed2ba8efc a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8{flex-wrap:nowrap;}</style> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.js?ver=3.2.1" id="newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-js" defer></script> <script id="newspack-reader-activation-js-extra"> var newspack_ras_config = {"auth_intention_cookie":"np_auth_intention","cid_cookie":"newspack-cid","authenticated_email":"","otp_auth_action":"np_otp_auth","account_url":""}; var newspack_reader_data = {"store_prefix":"np_reader_1_","is_temporary":"","reader_activity":[]}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-activation.js?ver=5.7.0" id="newspack-reader-activation-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-reader-auth-js-extra"> var newspack_reader_auth_labels = {"invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address.","invalid_password":"Please enter a password.","blocked_popup":"The popup has been blocked. Allow popups for the site and try again.","login_canceled":"Login canceled."}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.js?ver=5.7.0" id="newspack-reader-auth-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/url.min.js?ver=e87eb76272a3a08402d2" id="wp-url-js"></script> <script id="newspack-popups-criteria-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspackPopupsCriteria = {"is_non_preview_user":"","config":{"articles_read":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read"},"articles_read_in_session":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read_in_session"},"favorite_categories":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"favorite_categories"},"user_account":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"user_account"},"newsletter":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"newsletter"},"subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"not_subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"donation":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"donation"},"active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"not_active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"sources_to_match":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"},"sources_to_exclude":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"}}}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/criteria.js?ver=1732050979" id="newspack-popups-criteria-js" defer type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-popups-view-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspack_popups_view = {"debug":"1","segments":{"10101":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"without-account"},{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":"2"}},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"},{"criteria_id":"sources_to_match","value":"google.com, bing.com, duckduckgo.com, yahoo.com"},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"max":1}}],"priority":0},"12156":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"min":"3","max":"6"}}],"priority":1},"12178":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"min":"6"}},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"min":"3"}}],"priority":2},"12243":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":"2"}},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"max":0}},{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"without-account"},{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"}],"priority":3},"12271":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":1}},{"criteria_id":"sources_to_match","value":"facebook.com, twitter.com, x.com, reddit.com, substack.com, beehiiv.com, t.co, threads.net, instagram.com, bsky.app, linkedin.com, pocket.com, flipboard.com"}],"priority":4},"12272":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"max":"2"}},{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"without-account"},{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"},{"criteria_id":"sources_to_exclude","value":"google.com, bing.com, duckduckgo.com, yahoo.com, facebook.com, twitter.com, x.com, reddit.com, substack.com, beehiiv.com, t.co, threads.net, instagram.com, bsky.app, linkedin.com, pocket.com, flipboard.com, youtube.com, microsoftonline.com, amazon.com, live.com, office.com, discord.com, msn.com, discord.com, pinterest.com, github.com, twitch.tv, openai.com, linktr.ee, whatsapp.com, wikipedia.org, cnn.com, paypal.com, stackoverflow.com, tumblr.com, patreon.com, zoom.us, tiktok.com, quora.com, nytimes.com, apple.com, foxnews.com, office365.com, microsoft365.com, stackexchange.com"},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"max":"1"}}],"priority":5}}}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.js?ver=1732050979" id="newspack-popups-view-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-assets/build/i18n-loader.js?minify=true&ver=becd7d9884bc1b331e45" id="wp-jp-i18n-loader-js" defer></script> <script id="wp-jp-i18n-loader-js-after" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> wp.jpI18nLoader.state = {"baseUrl":"https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/languages/","locale":"en_US","domainMap":{"jetpack-admin-ui":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-assets":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-backup-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-blaze":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-boost-core":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-boost-speed-score":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-classic-theme-helper":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-compat":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-config":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-connection":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-explat":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-forms":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-image-cdn":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-import":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-ip":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-jitm":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-licensing":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-masterbar":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-my-jetpack":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-password-checker":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-plugins-installer":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-post-list":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-protect-models":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-protect-status":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-publicize-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-search-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-stats":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-stats-admin":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-sync":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-videopress-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-waf":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-wordads":"plugins/jetpack","woocommerce-analytics":"plugins/jetpack"},"domainPaths":{"jetpack-admin-ui":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-admin-ui/","jetpack-assets":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-assets/","jetpack-backup-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-backup/","jetpack-blaze":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-blaze/","jetpack-boost-core":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-boost-core/","jetpack-boost-speed-score":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-boost-speed-score/","jetpack-classic-theme-helper":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-classic-theme-helper/","jetpack-compat":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-compat/","jetpack-config":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-config/","jetpack-connection":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-connection/","jetpack-explat":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-explat/","jetpack-forms":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-forms/","jetpack-image-cdn":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-image-cdn/","jetpack-import":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-import/","jetpack-ip":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-ip/","jetpack-jitm":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-jitm/","jetpack-licensing":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-licensing/","jetpack-masterbar":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-masterbar/","jetpack-my-jetpack":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-my-jetpack/","jetpack-password-checker":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-password-checker/","jetpack-plugins-installer":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-plugins-installer/","jetpack-post-list":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-post-list/","jetpack-protect-models":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-protect-models/","jetpack-protect-status":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-protect-status/","jetpack-publicize-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-publicize/","jetpack-search-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-search/","jetpack-stats":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-stats/","jetpack-stats-admin":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-stats-admin/","jetpack-sync":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-sync/","jetpack-videopress-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-videopress/","jetpack-waf":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-waf/","jetpack-wordads":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-wordads/","woocommerce-analytics":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/woocommerce-analytics/"}}; </script> <script id="jetpack-instant-search-js-before"> var JetpackInstantSearchOptions=JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent("%7B%22overlayOptions%22%3A%7B%22colorTheme%22%3A%22light%22%2C%22enableInfScroll%22%3Atrue%2C%22enableFilteringOpensOverlay%22%3Atrue%2C%22enablePostDate%22%3Atrue%2C%22enableSort%22%3Atrue%2C%22highlightColor%22%3A%22%23FFC%22%2C%22overlayTrigger%22%3A%22submit%22%2C%22resultFormat%22%3A%22expanded%22%2C%22showPoweredBy%22%3Afalse%2C%22defaultSort%22%3A%22relevance%22%2C%22excludedPostTypes%22%3A%5B%22newspack_nl_list%22%2C%22newspack_nl_cpt%22%2C%22attachment%22%5D%7D%2C%22homeUrl%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hcn.org%22%2C%22locale%22%3A%22en-US%22%2C%22postsPerPage%22%3A20%2C%22siteId%22%3A229054741%2C%22postTypes%22%3A%7B%22post%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Post%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Posts%22%7D%2C%22page%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Page%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Pages%22%7D%2C%22attachment%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Media%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Media%22%7D%2C%22newspack_nl_cpt%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Newsletter%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Newsletters%22%7D%2C%22newspack_nl_list%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Subscription%20List%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Subscription%20Lists%22%7D%7D%2C%22webpackPublicPath%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hcn.org%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fplugins%5C%2Fjetpack%5C%2Fjetpack_vendor%5C%2Fautomattic%5C%2Fjetpack-search%5C%2Fbuild%5C%2Finstant-search%5C%2F%22%2C%22isPhotonEnabled%22%3Atrue%2C%22isFreePlan%22%3Afalse%2C%22apiRoot%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hcn.org%5C%2Fwp-json%5C%2F%22%2C%22apiNonce%22%3A%2248bba17fab%22%2C%22isPrivateSite%22%3Afalse%2C%22isWpcom%22%3Afalse%2C%22hasOverlayWidgets%22%3Atrue%2C%22widgets%22%3A%5B%7B%22filters%22%3A%5B%7B%22name%22%3A%22Post%20Types%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22post_type%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22post_type_0%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22product_cat%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_1%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22product_tag%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_2%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22product_shipping_class%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_3%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22Categories%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22category%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_4%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22Tags%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22taxonomy%22%2C%22taxonomy%22%3A%22post_tag%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22taxonomy_5%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22Year%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22date_histogram%22%2C%22count%22%3A5%2C%22field%22%3A%22post_date%22%2C%22interval%22%3A%22year%22%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%2C%22filter_id%22%3A%22date_histogram_6%22%7D%5D%2C%22widget_id%22%3A%22jetpack-search-filters-3%22%7D%5D%2C%22widgetsOutsideOverlay%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22hasNonSearchWidgets%22%3Afalse%2C%22preventTrackingCookiesReset%22%3Afalse%7D")); </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-search/build/instant-search/jp-search.js?minify=false&ver=7699f93e2ca878e728dc" id="jetpack-instant-search-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="//stats.wp.com/w.js?ver=202447" id="jp-tracks-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-parsely/build/loader.js?ver=b681bb9905652ac12735" id="wp-parsely-loader-js" defer></script> <script data-parsely-site="hcn.org" src="https://cdn.parsely.com/keys/hcn.org/p.js?ver=3.17.0" id="parsely-cfg" defer></script> <script id="newspack-amp-fallback-js-extra"> var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/amp-fallback.js?ver=2.2.1" id="newspack-amp-fallback-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js-extra"> var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/menu-accessibility.js?ver=2.2.1" id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js-before"> window.lazyLoadOptions={elements_selector:"img[data-src],.perfmatters-lazy,.perfmatters-lazy-css-bg",thresholds:"0px 0px",class_loading:"pmloading",class_loaded:"pmloaded",callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName==="IFRAME"){if(element.classList.contains("pmloaded")){if(typeof window.jQuery!="undefined"){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}};window.addEventListener("LazyLoad::Initialized",function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;});function perfmattersLazyLoadYouTube(e){var t=document.createElement("iframe"),r="ID?";r+=0===e.dataset.query.length?"":e.dataset.query+"&",r+="autoplay=1",t.setAttribute("src",r.replace("ID",e.dataset.src)),t.setAttribute("frameborder","0"),t.setAttribute("allowfullscreen","1"),t.setAttribute("allow","accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"),e.replaceChild(t,e.firstChild)} </script> <script async src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/js/lazyload.min.js?ver=2.3.6" id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=3156534cc54473497e14" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/placeholders.jquery.min.js?ver=2.8.18" id="gform_placeholder-js"></script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/vendor-theme.min.js?ver=54e7080aa7a02c83aa61fae430b9d869" id="gform_gravityforms_theme_vendors-js"></script> <script id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js-extra"> var gform_theme_config = {"common":{"form":{"honeypot":{"version_hash":"523e8efc70a6c86462709f69b916ea6c"}}},"hmr_dev":"","public_path":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/assets\/js\/dist\/"}; </script> <script defer src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/scripts-theme.min.js?ver=bab19fd84843dabc070e73326d787910" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js"></script> <script id="wp-ajax-response-js-extra"> var wpAjax = {"noPerm":"Sorry, you are not allowed to do that.","broken":"Something went wrong."}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/wp-ajax-response.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="wp-ajax-response-js"></script> <script id="gforms_google_analytics_frontend-js-before"> var gforms_google_analytics_frontend_strings = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"2a2244d57c","logging_enabled":false,"logging_nonce":"5c8e9710f3","ua_tracker":""}; </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityformsgoogleanalytics/js/google-analytics.min.js?ver=2.3.0" id="gforms_google_analytics_frontend-js" defer></script> <script src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202447.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"229054741\",\"post\":\"126098\",\"tz\":\"-7\",\"srv\":\"www.hcn.org\",\"hp\":\"atomic\",\"ac\":\"6\",\"amp\":\"0\",\"j\":\"1:14.1-a.3\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "229054741", "126098" ]); </script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-includes/js/dist/escape-html.min.js?ver=6561a406d2d232a6fbd2" id="wp-escape-html-js"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/carousel/view.js?ver=38c0dbd12488d105fca0" id="newspack-blocks-carousel-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://www.hcn.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.js?ver=592020a10b4ff0d8d3fd" id="newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> <script> var newspackPopupsData = {"329653":{"prompt_id":329653,"prompt_title":"New social newsletter sign up","prompt_frequency":"daily","prompt_placement":"bottom","action_type":"undefined"},"329640":{"prompt_id":329640,"prompt_title":"New search newsletter sign up","prompt_frequency":"daily","prompt_placement":"bottom","action_type":"undefined"},"324185":{"prompt_id":324185,"prompt_title":"Donation CTA","prompt_frequency":"always","prompt_placement":"custom1","action_type":"undefined"},"324182":{"prompt_id":324182,"prompt_title":"Subscription CTA","prompt_frequency":"always","prompt_placement":"custom1","action_type":"undefined"},"324170":{"prompt_id":324170,"prompt_title":"New reader sign up","prompt_frequency":"always","prompt_placement":"custom1","action_type":"undefined"}}; </script> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() { jQuery(document).on('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 7) {if(typeof Placeholders != 'undefined'){ Placeholders.enable(); }} } );jQuery(document).on('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){} ) } ); </script> <script> gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "7", currentPage: "1", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_7" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_7"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_7" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [7, 1] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 7, currentPage: 1 } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } ); </script> <script id="perfmatters-delayed-scripts-js">const pmDelayClick=false;const pmDelayTimer=setTimeout(pmTriggerDOMListener,10*1000);const pmUserInteractions=["keydown","mousedown","mousemove","wheel","touchmove","touchstart","touchend"],pmDelayedScripts={normal:[],defer:[],async:[]},jQueriesArray=[],pmInterceptedClicks=[];var pmDOMLoaded=!1,pmClickTarget="";function pmTriggerDOMListener(){"undefined"!=typeof pmDelayTimer&&clearTimeout(pmDelayTimer),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.removeEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),document.removeEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener),"loading"===document.readyState?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",pmTriggerDelayedScripts):pmTriggerDelayedScripts()}async function pmTriggerDelayedScripts(){pmDelayEventListeners(),pmDelayJQueryReady(),pmProcessDocumentWrite(),pmSortDelayedScripts(),pmPreloadDelayedScripts(),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.normal),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.defer),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.async),await pmTriggerEventListeners(),document.querySelectorAll("link[data-pmdelayedstyle]").forEach(function(e){e.setAttribute("href",e.getAttribute("data-pmdelayedstyle"))}),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-allScriptsLoaded")),pmWaitForPendingClicks().then(()=>{pmReplayClicks()})}function pmDelayEventListeners(){let e={};function t(t,n){function r(n){return e[t].delayedEvents.indexOf(n)>=0?"perfmatters-"+n:n}e[t]||(e[t]={originalFunctions:{add:t.addEventListener,remove:t.removeEventListener},delayedEvents:[]},t.addEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.add.apply(t,arguments)},t.removeEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.remove.apply(t,arguments)}),e[t].delayedEvents.push(n)}function n(e,t){let n=e[t];Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:n||function(){},set:function(n){e["perfmatters"+t]=n}})}t(document,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"load"),t(window,"pageshow"),t(document,"readystatechange"),n(document,"onreadystatechange"),n(window,"onload"),n(window,"onpageshow")}function pmDelayJQueryReady(){let e=window.jQuery;Object.defineProperty(window,"jQuery",{get:()=>e,set(t){if(t&&t.fn&&!jQueriesArray.includes(t)){t.fn.ready=t.fn.init.prototype.ready=function(e){pmDOMLoaded?e.bind(document)(t):document.addEventListener("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded",function(){e.bind(document)(t)})};let n=t.fn.on;t.fn.on=t.fn.init.prototype.on=function(){if(this[0]===window){function e(e){return e=(e=(e=e.split(" ")).map(function(e){return"load"===e||0===e.indexOf("load.")?"perfmatters-jquery-load":e})).join(" ")}"string"==typeof arguments[0]||arguments[0]instanceof String?arguments[0]=e(arguments[0]):"object"==typeof arguments[0]&&Object.keys(arguments[0]).forEach(function(t){delete Object.assign(arguments[0],{[e(t)]:arguments[0][t]})[t]})}return n.apply(this,arguments),this},jQueriesArray.push(t)}e=t}})}function pmProcessDocumentWrite(){let e=new Map;document.write=document.writeln=function(t){var n=document.currentScript,r=document.createRange();let a=e.get(n);void 0===a&&(a=n.nextSibling,e.set(n,a));var i=document.createDocumentFragment();r.setStart(i,0),i.appendChild(r.createContextualFragment(t)),n.parentElement.insertBefore(i,a)}}function pmSortDelayedScripts(){document.querySelectorAll("script[type=pmdelayedscript]").forEach(function(e){e.hasAttribute("src")?e.hasAttribute("defer")&&!1!==e.defer?pmDelayedScripts.defer.push(e):e.hasAttribute("async")&&!1!==e.async?pmDelayedScripts.async.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e)})}function pmPreloadDelayedScripts(){var e=document.createDocumentFragment();[...pmDelayedScripts.normal,...pmDelayedScripts.defer,...pmDelayedScripts.async].forEach(function(t){var n=t.getAttribute("src");if(n){var r=document.createElement("link");r.href=n,"module"==t.getAttribute("data-perfmatters-type")?r.rel="modulepreload":(r.rel="preload",r.as="script"),e.appendChild(r)}}),document.head.appendChild(e)}async function pmLoadDelayedScripts(e){var t=e.shift();return t?(await pmReplaceScript(t),pmLoadDelayedScripts(e)):Promise.resolve()}async function pmReplaceScript(e){return await pmNextFrame(),new Promise(function(t){let n=document.createElement("script");[...e.attributes].forEach(function(e){let t=e.nodeName;"type"!==t&&("data-perfmatters-type"===t&&(t="type"),n.setAttribute(t,e.nodeValue))}),e.hasAttribute("src")?(n.addEventListener("load",t),n.addEventListener("error",t)):(n.text=e.text,t()),e.parentNode.replaceChild(n,e)})}async function pmTriggerEventListeners(){pmDOMLoaded=!0,await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-readystatechange")),await pmNextFrame(),document.perfmattersonreadystatechange&&document.perfmattersonreadystatechange(),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-load")),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonload&&window.perfmattersonload(),await pmNextFrame(),jQueriesArray.forEach(function(e){e(window).trigger("perfmatters-jquery-load")});let e=new Event("perfmatters-pageshow");e.persisted=window.pmPersisted,window.dispatchEvent(e),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonpageshow&&window.perfmattersonpageshow({persisted:window.pmPersisted})}async function pmNextFrame(){return new Promise(function(e){requestAnimationFrame(e)})}function pmReplayClicks(){window.removeEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler),pmInterceptedClicks.forEach(e=>{e.target.outerHTML===pmClickTarget&&e.target.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent("click",{view:e.view,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))})}function pmWaitForPendingClicks(){return new Promise(e=>{window.pmIsClickPending?pmPendingClickFinished=e:e()})}function pmPendingClickStarted(){window.pmIsClickPending=!0}function pmPendingClickFinished(){window.pmIsClickPending=!1}function pmClickHandler(e){e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmInterceptedClicks.push(e),e.preventDefault(),e.stopPropagation(),e.stopImmediatePropagation(),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchStartHandler(e){"HTML"!==e.target.tagName&&(pmClickTarget||(pmClickTarget=e.target.outerHTML),window.addEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.addEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"onclick","pm-onclick"),pmPendingClickStarted())}function pmTouchMoveHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchEndHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler)}function pmRenameDOMAttribute(e,t,n){e.hasAttribute&&e.hasAttribute(t)&&(event.target.setAttribute(n,event.target.getAttribute(t)),event.target.removeAttribute(t))}window.pmIsClickPending=!1,window.addEventListener("pageshow",e=>{window.pmPersisted=e.persisted}),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.addEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),pmDelayClick&&(window.addEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler)),document.addEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener);</script></body> </html>