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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bulgarian occupation and policy in Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bulgarian_occupation_and_policy_in_Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Thessaloniki_Bulgarian_club" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Thessaloniki_Bulgarian_club"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>The Thessaloniki Bulgarian club</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Thessaloniki_Bulgarian_club-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Kastorian_Italo-Bulgarian_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Kastorian_Italo-Bulgarian_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>The Kastorian Italo-Bulgarian Committee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Kastorian_Italo-Bulgarian_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Edessa_and_Florina_Ohrana_detachments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Edessa_and_Florina_Ohrana_detachments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>The Edessa and Florina Ohrana detachments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Edessa_and_Florina_Ohrana_detachments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ohrana_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ohrana_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ohrana activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ohrana_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ohrana_and_Mihailov's_plans_for_Macedonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ohrana_and_Mihailov's_plans_for_Macedonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ohrana and Mihailov's plans for Macedonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ohrana_and_Mihailov's_plans_for_Macedonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Re-organization_and_clashes_with_ELAS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Re-organization_and_clashes_with_ELAS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Re-organization and clashes with ELAS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Re-organization_and_clashes_with_ELAS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_dissolution_of_Ohrana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_dissolution_of_Ohrana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>The dissolution of Ohrana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_dissolution_of_Ohrana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B1_(%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1)" title="Οχράνα (Βαλκάνια) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οχράνα (Βαλκάνια)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohrana" title="Ohrana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ohrana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Охрана – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Охрана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohrana" title="Ohrana – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ohrana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohrana_(organiza%C8%9Bie_paramilitar%C4%83)" title="Ohrana (organizație paramilitară) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ohrana (organizație paramilitară)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Охрана (организация) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Охрана (организация)" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the secret police force in the Russian Empire, see <a href="/wiki/Okhrana" title="Okhrana">Okhrana</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starichani_cheta_1943.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Starichani_cheta_1943.jpg/300px-Starichani_cheta_1943.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Starichani_cheta_1943.jpg/450px-Starichani_cheta_1943.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Starichani_cheta_1943.jpg/600px-Starichani_cheta_1943.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1796" data-file-height="1158" /></a><figcaption>Detachment of Ohrana in <a href="/wiki/Lakkomata,_Kastoria" title="Lakkomata, Kastoria">Lakkomata, Kastoria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orestida" class="mw-redirect" title="Orestida">Orestida</a> in 1943.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ohrana</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Охрана</span>, "Protection"; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Οχράνα</span>) were armed <a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany_and_Fascist_Italy" title="Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy">collaborationist</a> detachments organized by the former <a href="/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization" title="Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization">Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization</a> (IMRO) structures, composed of Bulgarians<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi</a>-occupied <a href="/wiki/Greek_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Macedonia">Greek Macedonia</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and led by officers of the Bulgarian Army.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Miller_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bulgaria was interested in acquiring <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a> and Western Macedonia, under Italian and German occupation and hoped to sway the allegiance of the 80,000 Slavs who lived there at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The appearance of Greek partisans in those areas persuaded the Axis to allow the formation of these collaborationist detachments.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, during late 1944, when the Axis appeared to be losing the war, many Bulgarian Nazi collaborators, Ohrana members and VMRO regiment volunteers fled to the opposite camp by joining the newly founded communist <a href="/wiki/SNOF" class="mw-redirect" title="SNOF">SNOF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The organization managed to recruit initially 1,000 up to 3,000 armed men from the Slavophone community that lived in the western part of Greek Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WWI_BG_MAP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/WWI_BG_MAP.jpg/250px-WWI_BG_MAP.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/WWI_BG_MAP.jpg/375px-WWI_BG_MAP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/WWI_BG_MAP.jpg/500px-WWI_BG_MAP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2912" data-file-height="2639" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgarian</a> campaigns during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, borders in grey</figcaption></figure> <p>The "<a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Question">Macedonian Question</a>," became especially prominent after the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan wars">Balkan wars</a> in 1912–1913, following the defeat of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> and the subsequent division of the <a href="/wiki/Region_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Region of Macedonia">Region of Macedonia</a> between <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>. </p><p>Bulgarian communities inhabited parts of southern Macedonia from the Middle Ages.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This continued also during 16th and 17th centuries by Ottoman historians and travellers like <a href="/wiki/Hoca_Sadeddin_Efendi" title="Hoca Sadeddin Efendi">Hoca Sadeddin Efendi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Selaniki" title="Mustafa Selaniki">Mustafa Selaniki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadji_Khalfa" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadji Khalfa">Hadji Khalfa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Evliya_%C3%87elebi" title="Evliya Çelebi">Evliya Çelebi</a>. The majority of Slav—speakers after 1870 were under the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Exarchate" title="Bulgarian Exarchate">Bulgarian Exarchate</a> and its education system, thus considered themselves as <a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(Bulgarians)" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonians (Bulgarians)">Bulgarians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Part of them were influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople">Greek Patriarchate</a>, which resulted in the formation of <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greek</a> consciousness. Greece, like all other <a href="/wiki/Balkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan">Balkan</a> states, adopted restrictive policies towards its minorities, namely towards its <a href="/wiki/Slavic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic peoples">Slavic</a> population in its northern regions, as a result of the aftermath of <a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Balkan war">Second Balkan war</a> and the potential threat that Bulgaria could pose in the fear of using the pro-Bulgarian oriented minority in Greece as a subversive <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Column" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifth Column">Fifth Column</a>. After the Balkan Wars and especially after the First World War more than 100,000 Bulgarians from Greek Macedonia moved to Bulgaria, as part of the population exchange policy between the two countries. </p><p>During the 1930s a new identity parallel to the Greek and Bulgarian ones began to arose in the region of Macedonia, the <a href="/wiki/Slav_Macedonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Slav Macedonian">Slav Macedonian</a> (Greek: Σλαβομακεδόνας) and was initially supported by <a href="/wiki/IMRO_(United)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMRO (United)">IMRO (United)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1934 the <a href="/wiki/Comintern" class="mw-redirect" title="Comintern">Comintern</a> issued a declaration supporting the development of the new Macedonian identity,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was admitted by the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Communist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Communist Party">Greek Communist Party</a>. During the 1930s under the <a href="/wiki/Metaxas_Regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Metaxas Regime">Metaxas Regime</a>, the government endorsed violence by nationalist bands, which sowed the seeds of bitterness that kept brewing within the local Slav-speaking population which found the opportunity to come into effect during the Second World War and the occupation of Greece by the Axis forces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bulgarian_occupation_and_policy_in_Greece">Bulgarian occupation and policy in Greece</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bulgarian occupation and policy in Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Triple_Occupation_of_Greece.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Triple_Occupation_of_Greece.png/300px-Triple_Occupation_of_Greece.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Triple_Occupation_of_Greece.png/450px-Triple_Occupation_of_Greece.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Triple_Occupation_of_Greece.png/600px-Triple_Occupation_of_Greece.png 2x" data-file-width="899" data-file-height="917" /></a><figcaption>Triple Occupation of Greece.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1941 Greek Macedonia was occupied by German, Italian and Bulgarian troops. The Bulgarians occupied the Eastern Macedonia and Western Thrace, an area of 14,430 square kilometers, with 590,000 inhabitants. The Bulgarian policy was to win the loyalty of the Slav inhabitants and to instill them a Bulgarian national identity. Indeed, some of these people did greet the Bulgarians as liberators, particularly in eastern and central Macedonia, yet the campaign was less successful in German-occupied western Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time most of them felt themselves to be Bulgarians, irrespective of ideological affiliation.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in contrast with the population of Vardar Macedonia, smaller fraction of the Slav population collaborated in the Greek part of Macedonia, whether in the Bulgarian-occupied eastern section or the German and Italian-occupied zones. Nevertheless, Bulgarian expansionism was better received in some frontier districts, where strong pro-Bulgarian oriented Slav-speakers lived (in Kastoria, Florina and Pella districts).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Thessaloniki_Bulgarian_club">The Thessaloniki Bulgarian club</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Thessaloniki Bulgarian club"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the same year, The German High Command approved the foundation of a Bulgarian military club in <a href="/wiki/Thessalon%C3%ADki" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessaloníki">Thessaloníki</a>. The Bulgarians organised supplies of food and provisions for the <a href="/wiki/Minorities_in_Greece#Christian_Orthodox_Slavophones" title="Minorities in Greece">Slavic-speaking</a> population in Greek Macedonia, aiming to gain the hearts and minds of the local population that was in the German- and Italian-occupied zones. The Bulgarian clubs soon started to gain support among parts of the population. In 1942, the Bulgarian club asked assistance from the High Command in organising armed units among the Slavic-speaking population in northern Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-Poulton_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poulton-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For this purpose, the Bulgarian army, under the approval of the Commander of the German forces in the Balkans - <a href="/wiki/Field_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Field Marshal">Field Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_List" title="Wilhelm List">List</a> sent a handful of officers from the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian Army">Bulgarian Army</a>, to the zones occupied by the Italian and German troops (central and west Greek Macedonia) to be attached to the German occupying forces as "liaison officers". All the Bulgarian officers brought into service were locally born Macedonians who had immigrated to Bulgaria with their families during the 1920s and 30s as part of the Greek-Bulgarian treaty of the Neuilly which saw 90,000 Bulgarians migrating to Bulgaria from Greece and 50,000 Greeks moving the opposite direction. Most were members of pro-Bulgarian IMRO and followers of <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Mihailov" title="Ivan Mihailov">Ivan Mihailov</a>.These officers were given the objective to form armed Slavophone militias.<sup id="cite_ref-Poulton_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poulton-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Kastorian_Italo-Bulgarian_Committee">The Kastorian Italo-Bulgarian Committee</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Kastorian Italo-Bulgarian Committee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The initial detachments were formed in 1943 in the district of <a href="/wiki/Kastoria" title="Kastoria">Kastoria</a> by Bulgarian army officer <a href="/wiki/Andon_Kalchev" title="Andon Kalchev">Andon Kalchev</a> with the support of the head of the <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> occupation authorities in Kastoria, colonel Venieri,<sup id="cite_ref-стр.122-123_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-стр.122-123-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who armed the local villages to help combat the growing communist threat presented by the <a href="/wiki/Greek_People%27s_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek People's Liberation Army">ELAS</a> raiding the Italian occupation forces in the district. The name given to the bands armed was 'Ohrana' which in Bulgarian is defined as 'security'. The uniforms of the <i>Ohranists</i> were supplied by the Italians and were resplendent with shoulder patches bearing the inscription "Italo-Bulgarian Committee — Freedom or Death". The Kastorian unit was called the Macedonian Committee. The reasons of locals for taking arms varied. Some of the men were pre-war members of IMRO, and thus harbored deep nationalistic convictions, others because of pro-Nazi sentiments, some to avenge wrongdoings inflicted on them by Greek authorities during the <a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Metaxas" title="Ioannis Metaxas">Metaxas</a> regime, and many took arms in order to defend themselves from the attacks of other Greek paramilitary and resistance movements as the latter saw them as collaborators with the Italian, Bulgarian and German forces. </p><p>Bulgarian collaborationist bands participated in reprisal missions together with the Nazi troops in the region. In one occasion together with the 7th SS Panzer Grenadier Regiment they were responsible for a major massacre in the village of <a href="/wiki/Kleisoura,_Kastoria" title="Kleisoura, Kastoria">Klisoura</a> near Kastoria, that cost the lives of 250 women and children.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Edessa_and_Florina_Ohrana_detachments">The Edessa and Florina Ohrana detachments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Edessa and Florina Ohrana detachments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After their initial success in arming several villages in <a href="/wiki/Kastoria" title="Kastoria">Kastoria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andon_Kalchev" title="Andon Kalchev">Kalchev</a> went to the German occupied zone in order to start arming villages in <a href="/wiki/Edessa,_Greece" title="Edessa, Greece">Edessa</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Edessa, with the help of the <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">German</a> occupation authorities, Kalchev created the Ohrana para-military unit.<sup id="cite_ref-стр.122-123_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-стр.122-123-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1943, Ohrana detachments counted a total of around 3,000 members and organized guerrilla activity. In the tradition of the IMRO <a href="/wiki/Komitadji" title="Komitadji">Komitadjis</a>, these bands pursued the local <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greek</a> population, including Greek-identifying <a href="/wiki/Slavic-speakers_of_Greek_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic-speakers of Greek Macedonia">Slavophones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aromanians" title="Aromanians">Aromanians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greeks" title="Pontic Greeks">Pontic Greeks</a>, seeing them as an obstacle to an all-Bulgarian Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (April 2012)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> The main leaders during the early phase of activity from 1941 to 1942 were Tsvetan Mladenov and Andon Kalchev in the <a href="/wiki/Florina" title="Florina">Florina</a> prefecture, where there were 600 men under arms. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Bulgaria_during_WWII.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Map_of_Bulgaria_during_WWII.png/500px-Map_of_Bulgaria_during_WWII.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Map_of_Bulgaria_during_WWII.png/960px-Map_of_Bulgaria_during_WWII.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1301" data-file-height="855" /></a><figcaption>Bulgaria during WWII.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ohrana_activity">Ohrana activity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ohrana activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the summer of 1944, Ohrana constituted some 12,000 local fighters and volunteers from Bulgaria charged with protection of the local population.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During 1944, whole Slavophone villages were armed by the occupation authorities to counterbalance the emerging power of the resistance and especially of <a href="/wiki/Greek_People%27s_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek People's Liberation Army">Greek People's Liberation Army</a> (ELAS). Ohrana was also fighting pro-communist <a href="/wiki/Slavic_Macedonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic Macedonian">Slavic Macedonians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communists</a> — members of the ELAS.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A part of the Slavophone population, with the help of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Communist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Communist Party">Greek Communist Party</a>, organized itself into <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)#SNOF" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">SNOF</a>, and their prime objective was to struggle occupation forces and pro-Bulgarian agents in the Ohrana,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and try to persuade its members to join ELAS and fight against the occupation. Nevertheless, in the summer of 1944, members of the Macedonian faction of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">Communist Party of Greece</a> were unable to distinguish friend from foe in <a href="/wiki/Slav_Macedonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Slav Macedonian">Slav Macedonian</a> villages. Mass involvement of the population was one of the tactics of Ohrana, which thus aims to provide good cover for its activities.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ohrana_and_Mihailov's_plans_for_Macedonia"><span id="Ohrana_and_Mihailov.27s_plans_for_Macedonia"></span>Ohrana and Mihailov's plans for Macedonia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ohrana and Mihailov's plans for Macedonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ohrana was supported from <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Mihaylov" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Mihaylov">Ivan Mihaylov</a> too. In August 1943, Ivan Mihailov left Zagreb incognito for Germany where he was to visit the main headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">Sicherheitsdienst</a>. From German information, it is apparent that Mihailov received consent to create battalions consisting of volunteers armed with German weapons and munitions. Moreover, these battalions were to be under the operative command and disposal of Reichsfuhrer of the <a href="/wiki/SS" class="mw-redirect" title="SS">SS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a>. Additionally, in Sofia talks were held between high-ranking functionaries of the SS and the IMRO Central Committee members. Despite the confidential character of the negotiations between Mihailov and the <a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">Sicherheitsdienst</a>, the Bulgarian government obtained certain information about them. In this connection to the village companies in these counties, there was also formed three volunteer battalions in <a href="/wiki/Kastoria" title="Kastoria">Kastoria</a>, Florina and Edessa. These were organized by the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization" title="Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization">Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and were to carry the name "IMRO Volunteer Battalions". They were formed after the arrival of the IMRO cadres from the Sofia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Re-organization_and_clashes_with_ELAS">Re-organization and clashes with ELAS</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Re-organization and clashes with ELAS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In spring 1944, the Germans taking up where the Italians left off, reformed, re-organized and re-armed the village companies in the Kastoria district. Soon after the villages in the Edessa and Florina districts were also armed and prepared for service. The militiamen from the Kastoria and Edessa districts were actively involved in the German anti-guerilla sweep operations. In June 1944 delegation of IMRO cadres met up with the German Commander in Edessa with whom they discussed the formation of the volunteer corps. This was in accordance with the agreement Ivan Mihailov and IMRO struck with <a href="/wiki/Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler">Hitler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Himmler" class="mw-redirect" title="Himmler">Himmler</a>, which envisaged that these battalions would form the avant-garde of the whole Macedonian military effort in Western Macedonia and would spearhead the drives and sweeps against the ELAS forces. However, the guerrilla bands of <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Greece)" title="National Liberation Front (Greece)">EAM</a>/ELAS soon forced Ohrana to retreat and disbanded many of its groups. In one report of Colonel Mirchev to the staff of the army on 5 June 1944, it was reported that the ELAS fighters took captive the local band consisting 28 militiamen. On 21 August 1944 ELAS successfully attacked the IMRO stronghold at the village of Polikerason. During the battle, 20 IMRO militiamen were reported killed in action and 300 militiamen were captured. In September, two IMRO companies were wiped out in the defense of Edessa by an ELAS attack.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_dissolution_of_Ohrana">The dissolution of Ohrana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: The dissolution of Ohrana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the declaration of war by Bulgaria on <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> in September 1944 Ivan Mihaylov arrived in German-occupied <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, where the Germans hoped that he could form a Macedonian puppet-state with their support. Seeing that Germany had lost the war, he refused. Ohrana was dissolved in late 1944 after their German and Bulgarian protectors were forced to withdraw from Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In autumn 1944 Anton Kalchev escaped northern Greece, and tried to flee with the retreating German army, but was captured in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Bitola" title="Bitola">Bitola</a> by communist partisans from <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Macedonia" title="Vardar Macedonia">Vardar Macedonia</a>, and was apprehended to ELAS officials. In Thessaloniki, Kalchev was put on trial as a military criminal and was sentenced to death by the Greek authorities. </p><p>After World War II the ruling Bulgarian Communists declared the Slav-speaking population in Macedonia (including the Bulgarian part) as ethnic Macedonians. The organizations of the IMRO in Bulgaria were completely destroyed. Also, the internment of those people disagreeing with these political activities was organized at the <a href="/wiki/Belene_labor_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Belene labor camp">Belene labor camp</a>. Tito and <a href="/wiki/Georgi_Dimitrov" title="Georgi Dimitrov">Georgi Dimitrov</a> worked about the project to merge the two Balkan countries Bulgaria and Yugoslavia into a <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Federative_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Federative Republic">Balkan Federative Republic</a> according to the projects of <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Communist_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Communist Federation">Balkan Communist Federation</a>. This led to the 1947 cooperation and signing of <a href="/wiki/Bled_Agreement_(1947)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bled Agreement (1947)">Bled Agreement</a>. It foresaw unification between Yugoslav ("Vardar") and Bulgarian ("Pirin") Macedonia, as well as a return of the so-called <a href="/wiki/Western_Outlands" title="Western Outlands">Western Outlands</a> to Bulgaria. They also supported the Greek Communists and especially <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">Slavic-Macedonian National Liberation Front</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a> with the idea of unification of Greek Macedonia and <a href="/wiki/Western_Thrace" title="Western Thrace">Western Thrace</a> to the new state under Communist rule. </p><p>By this situation, the Macedonian section of the Greek Communist Party created the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)#SNOF" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">SNOF</a> and some of the former collaborators enlisted in the new unit.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and took part in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a> on the side of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Army_of_Greece" title="Democratic Army of Greece">Democratic Army of Greece</a>. To an extent the collaboration of the peasants with the <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">Germans</a>, Italians, Bulgarians or <a href="/wiki/Greek_People%27s_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek People's Liberation Army">ELAS</a> was determined by the geopolitical position of each village. Depending upon whether their village was vulnerable to attack by the Greek communist guerrillas, or the occupation forces, the peasants would opt to support the side in relation to which they were most vulnerable. In both cases, the attempt was to promise "freedom" (autonomy or independence) to the formerly persecuted Slavic minority as a means of gaining its support. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a> many from these people were expelled from Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">People's Republic of Bulgaria</a> originally accepted very few refugees, government policy changed and the Bulgarian government actively sought out ethnic Macedonian refugees. It is estimated that approximately 2,500 children were sent to Bulgaria and 3,000 partisans fled there in the closing period of the war. There was a larger flow into Bulgaria of refugees as the Bulgarian Army pulled out of the Drama-Serres region in 1944. A large proportion of Slavic speakers emigrated there. The "Slavic Committee" in Sofia (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">Славянски Комитет</span>) helped to attract refugees that had settled in other parts of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a>. According to a political report in 1962 the number of political emigrants from Greece numbered at 6,529.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The policy of communist Bulgaria towards the refugees from Greece was, at least initially, not discriminative with regard to their ethnic origin: Greek- and Slav-speakers were both categorized as Greek political emigrants and received equal treatment by state authorities. However, certain institutions of communist Bulgaria, charged with the national policy, tried progressively to promote certain selection among them privileging Slav-speakers, frequently named <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Macedonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Macedonians">ethnic Macedonians</a> and to prescribe special measures for the attainment of their "<a href="/wiki/Ethnic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic">ethnic</a>" loyalty. Unlike the other countries in the Eastern Bloc, there were no specific organizations founded to deal with specific issues relating to the child refugees, this caused many to cooperate with the "Association of Refugee Children from the Aegean part of Macedonia", an association based in the Socialist Republic of Macedonia.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s was marked by a decisive turn in the "<a href="/wiki/Macedonism" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonism">Macedonistic</a>" policy of Bulgaria, <i>which did not recognize anymore the existence of a Macedonian ethnicity different from the Bulgarian one</i>. As a result, the trend to a discriminative policy, the refugees from Greece – more targeted at the Slav-speakers and less to "ethnic <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>" – was given a certain proselytizing aspect. In 1960, the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Communist_Party" title="Bulgarian Communist Party">Bulgarian Communist Party</a> voted a special resolution explained “with the fact that almost all the Macedonians have a <i>clear Bulgarian national consciousness and consider Bulgaria their homeland</i>. Eventually, many of these migrants were assimilated into Bulgarian society. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Army_of_Greece" title="Democratic Army of Greece">Democratic Army of Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization" title="Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization">Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization</a> (IMRO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic-speakers_of_Greek_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic-speakers of Greek Macedonia">Slavic-speakers of Greek Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Question">Macedonian Question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of Bulgaria during World War II">Military history of Bulgaria during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis occupation of Greece during World War II">Axis occupation of Greece during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Greece)" title="National Liberation Front (Greece)">National Liberation Front (Greece)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">National Liberation Front (Macedonia)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/mpr/ohrana.html">Добрин Мичев. Българското национално дело в Югозападна Македония (1941 — 1944 г.)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtuality.gr/macedonia/#section8">"The Second World War and the Triple Occupation"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070702003005/http://www.virtuality.gr/macedonia/">Archived</a> 2007-07-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMiller1975" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Marshall Lee (1975). <i>Bulgaria During the Second World War</i>. Stanford University Press. p. 129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-0870-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-0870-3"><bdi>0-8047-0870-3</bdi></a>. <q>In Greece the Bulgarians reacquired their former territory, extending along the Aegean coast from the Struma (Strymon) River east of <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a> to <a href="/wiki/Alexandroupolis" title="Alexandroupolis">Alexandroupolis</a> on the Turkish border. Bulgaria looked longingly toward Salonika and western Macedonia, which were under German and Italian control, and established propaganda centres to secure the allegiance of the approximately 80,000 Slavs in these regions. The Bulgarian plan was to organize these Slavs militarily in the hope that Bulgaria would eventually assume the administration there. The appearance of the Greek left wing resistance in western Macedonia persuaded the Italian and German and authorities to allow the formation of Slav security battalions (Ohrana) led by Bulgarian officers.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+During+the+Second+World+War&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-8047-0870-3&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Marshall+Lee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3hFahiZflJoC&q=okhrana++number&pg=PA66">Plundered Loyalties: Axis Occupation and Civil Strife in Greek West Macedonia, 1941-1949</a>, Giannēs Koliopoulos, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-381-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-381-X">1-85065-381-X</a>, pp. 120–121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1jSg3lxgSy8C&q=ohrana">Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, G - Reference</a>, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8108-5565-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8108-5565-8">0-8108-5565-8</a>, pp. 162–163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/ban/ma1.html#6">A charter of Romanus II, 960 Pulcherius</a> (Slav-Bulgarian population in Chalcidice Peninsula is mentioned), <i>Recueil des historiens des Croisades. Historiens orientaux</i>. III, p. 331 – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/ban/ma1.html#13">a passage in English</a> Georgii Cedreni compendium, op. cit, pp. 449-456 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/ban/ma1.html#17">a passage in English</a> (Bulgarian population in Servia is mentioned) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/ban/ma2.html#31">In the so-called Legend of Thessalonica (12th c.) it is said that the Bulgarian language was also spoken hi the market place of Thessalonica</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/ban/ma2.html#52">Documents of the notary Manoli Braschiano concerning the sale and liberation of slaves of Bulgarian nationality from Macedonia (Kastoria, Seres, region of Thessalonica etc)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/ban/ma2.html#58">From the Third Zograf Beadroll, containing the names of donors to the Zograf Monastery at Mt. Athos from settlements and regions indicated as Bulgarian lands</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/ban/ma2.html#60">Evidence from the Venetian Ambassador Lorenzo Bernardo on the Bulgarian character of the settlements in Macedonia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Венециански документи за историята на България и българите от ХІІ-XV век, София 2001, с. 150, 188/Documenta Veneta historiam Bulgariae et Bulgarorum illustrantia saeculis XII-XV, p. 150, 188, edidit Vassil Gjuzelev (Venetian documents for the history of Bulgaria and Bulgarians, p. 150, 188 - Venetian documents from 14-15th century about Slaves from South Macedonia with Bulgarian belonging/origin)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Известия Уральского государственного университета № 0049(2007), с. 138-153. Гуманитарные науки. Выпуск 13. Дмитрий Олегович Лабаури — Берлинский приговор 1878 г. и проблема македонского этноязыкового своеобразия. РГНФ.(Russian) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/22979">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Situation in Macedonia and the Tasks of IMRO (United) - published in the official newspaper of IMRO (United), "Македонско дело", Но.185, Април 1934</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Резолюция о македонской нации (принятой Балканском секретариате Коминтерна)" - Февраль 1934 г, Москва</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loring M. Danforth. The Macedonian Conflict: Ethnic Nationalism in a Transnational World. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-04357-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-04357-9">978-0-691-04357-9</a>. p. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qYAwZFwyYdwC&dq=Chris+Woodhouse+Struggle+for+Greece+1941-1949&pg=PR25">The struggle for Greece, 1941-1949</a>, Christopher Montague Woodhouse, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-492-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-492-1">1-85065-492-1</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoliopoulos" class="citation web cs1">Koliopoulos, Ioannis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macedonian-heritage.gr/HistoryOfMacedonia/Downloads/History%20Of%20Macedonia_EN-14.pdf">"Macedonia in the Maelstrom of World War II"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>macedonian heritage</i>. p. 305<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=macedonian+heritage&rft.atitle=Macedonia+in+the+Maelstrom+of+World+War+II&rft.pages=305&rft.aulast=Koliopoulos&rft.aufirst=Ioannis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macedonian-heritage.gr%2FHistoryOfMacedonia%2FDownloads%2FHistory%2520Of%2520Macedonia_EN-14.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poulton-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Poulton_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poulton_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hugh Poulton. <i>Who are the Macedonians?</i> C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-238-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-238-4">1-85065-238-4</a>, p. 109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-стр.122-123-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-стр.122-123_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-стр.122-123_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Егеjски бури — Револуционерното движење во Воденско и НОФ во Егеjска Македоница. (Вангел Аjановски Оче), Скопје, 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/RtLWh3NCI5I/AAAAAAAAAkc/GIvF8KJeB3A/s1600-h/scan0001.jpg">стр.122-123</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDoris_M._Condit1967" class="citation book cs1">Doris M. Condit (1967). <i>Challenge and Response in Internal Conflict: The experience in Europe and the Middle East</i>. Center for Research in Social Systems.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Challenge+and+Response+in+Internal+Conflict%3A+The+experience+in+Europe+and+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Center+for+Research+in+Social+Systems&rft.date=1967&rft.au=Doris+M.+Condit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWinnifrith1987" class="citation book cs1">Winnifrith, T.J. (1987). <i>The Vlachs : the history of a Balkan people</i> (2. impr. ed.). London: Duckworth. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7156-2135-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7156-2135-6"><bdi>978-0-7156-2135-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vlachs+%3A+the+history+of+a+Balkan+people&rft.place=London&rft.pages=17&rft.edition=2.+impr.&rft.pub=Duckworth&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-7156-2135-6&rft.aulast=Winnifrith&rft.aufirst=T.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">IMRO Militia And Volunteer Battalions Of Southwestern Macedonia, 1943-1944 by Vic Nicholas <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060720065425/http://www.pavelicpapers.com/documents/odpor/index.html">"The Pavelic Papers | Documents: The Croatian National Resistance/HNO/Odpor/Otpor"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.makedonskatribuna.com/IMRO.doc">the original</a> on July 20, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pavelic+Papers+%26%23124%3B+Documents%3A+The+Croatian+National+Resistance%2FHNO%2FOdpor%2FOtpor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.makedonskatribuna.com%2FIMRO.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">IMRO Militia And Volunteer Battalions Of Southwestern Macedonia, 1943-1944. By Vic Nicholas</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Macedonia and Bulgarian National Nihilism — Ivan Alexandrov" (Macedonian Patriotic Organization “TA” Australia Inc. 1993) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/en/gphillip/ia/ia_11.html">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Unlike the activists of the right IMRO of Ivan Mihailov who declared themselves as Bulgarians, the communist orientated Slavic-spacing population of Greece declared themselves as Ethnic Macedonians - <i>Γιά το ζήτημα των Σλαβομακεδόνων — Ρέννος Μιχαλέας</i>, ΕΛΑΣ, Θεσσαλονίκη 13.XI.1944 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp0.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/Rt1_y3NCKrI/AAAAAAAAAys/Kvoz6vXJ2Xc/s1600-h/scan0001.jpg">σελ. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp2.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/Rt1_rXNCKqI/AAAAAAAAAyk/NPSIrUope5A/s1600-h/scan0002.jpg">σελ. 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp0.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/Rt1_i3NCKpI/AAAAAAAAAyc/YPuNxgtcgb0/s1600-h/scan0003.jpg">σελ. 3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp2.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/Rt1_bXNCKoI/AAAAAAAAAyU/d8gqCQkSBiU/s1600-h/scan0004.jpg">σελ. 4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/Rt1_SHNCKnI/AAAAAAAAAyM/9vtaP9l6yCY/s1600-h/scan0005.jpg">σελ. 5</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Егеjски бури — Револуционерното движење во Воденско и НОФ во Егеjска Македоница. (Вангел Аjановски Оче), Скопје, 1975. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp3.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/RtLWCXNCI3I/AAAAAAAAAkM/lGru5k2G-2I/s1600-h/scan0003.jpg">стр.126-127</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp3.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/RtLVwXNCI2I/AAAAAAAAAkE/-Rk-8SPJHW4/s1600-h/scan0004.jpg">стр.128</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Егејскиот дел на Македонија (1913-1989). Стојан Киселиновски, Скопје, 1990 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp2.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/RtLjbHNCJdI/AAAAAAAAAo8/sZM6jcPIynQ/s1600-h/scan0034.jpg">стр. 133</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">British Officer Evans. December Report, AV, II, 413</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Проф. Добрин Мичев. Българското национално дело в Югозападна Македония (1941 – 1944 г.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Macedonia in the 1940s. Modern and Contemporary Macedonia, vol. II, 64-103. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000914064752/http://www.macedonian-heritage.gr/downloads/library/Stefan01.pdf">[3]</a> by Yiannis D. Stefanidis</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Идеолошкиот активизам над Македонците под Грција, Стојан Кочов, Скопје, 2000 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bp1.blogger.com/_NzpNBfJxkY8/RtLVU3NCIzI/AAAAAAAAAjs/8lrBl4EYkXg/s1600-h/scan0007.jpg">стр.43</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218072729/http://www.makedonskatribuna.com/memoirsPM.pdf">"Във и извън Македония. Спомени на Пандо Младенов стр. 97 - 100"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.makedonskatribuna.com/memoirsPM.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-02-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BD+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F.+%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE+%D0%9C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80.+97+-+100&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.makedonskatribuna.com%2FmemoirsPM.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Genocide of Macedonian Children - "Macedonian tribune" newspaper, Fort Wayhe town, No. 3157 from November 4, 1993.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080911094503/http://www.macedoniainfo.com/macedonia/Genocide_of_Macedonian_Children.htm">"Greek Genocide of Macedonian Children in "Greek" Macedonia"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macedoniainfo.com/macedonia/Genocide_of_Macedonian_Children.htm">the original</a> on 2008-09-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Greek+Genocide+of+Macedonian+Children+in+%22Greek%22+Macedonia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macedoniainfo.com%2Fmacedonia%2FGenocide_of_Macedonian_Children.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarinov2004" class="citation book cs1">Marinov, Tchavdar (2004). <i>Aegean Macedonians and the Bulgarian Identity Politics</i>. Oxford: St Antony’s College, Oxford. p. 5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aegean+Macedonians+and+the+Bulgarian+Identity+Politics&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=St+Antony%E2%80%99s+College%2C+Oxford&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Marinov&rft.aufirst=Tchavdar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarinov2004" class="citation book cs1">Marinov, Tchavdar (2004). <i>Aegean Macedonians and the Bulgarian Identity Politics</i>. Oxford: St Antony’s College, Oxford. p. 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aegean+Macedonians+and+the+Bulgarian+Identity+Politics&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=St+Antony%E2%80%99s+College%2C+Oxford&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Marinov&rft.aufirst=Tchavdar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOhrana" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohrana&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090416163823/http://bulgarmak.org/ohrana.htm">OHRANA and persecution of Bulgar-Macedonians by Greeks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kroraina.com/knigi/dj/index.html">България и Беломорието (октомври 1940 - 9 септември 1944 г.) Военнополитически аспекти. Димитър Йончев (“Дирум”, София, 1993)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.makedonskatribuna.com/memoirsPM.pdf">Във и извън Македония - спомени на Пандо Младенов, Македонска Трибуна.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218072729/http://www.makedonskatribuna.com/memoirsPM.pdf">Archived</a> 2012-02-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.promacedonia.org/mpr/ohrana.html">Southwestern Macedonia 1941 - 1944</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://macedonian.atspace.com/knigi/ohran.htm">"OHRANA" in Aegean Macedonia (1942–1944)- a comparative analysis.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macedonian-heritage.gr/downloads/library/Stefan01.pdf">Modern and Contemporary Macedonia, vol. II, 64-103.Macedonia in the 1940s - Yiannis D. Stefanidis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IPknoQzKm9sC&dq=Opfer,+Bj%C3%B6rn:+Im+Schatten+des+Krieges.&pg=PA8">Im Schatten des Krieges. Besatzung oder Anschluss - Befreiung oder Unterdrückung?. Eine komparative Untersuchung über die bulgarische Herrschaft in Vardar-Makedonien 1915-1918 und 1941-1944 Reihe: Studien zur Geschichte, Kultur und Gesellschaft Südosteuropas Jahr: 2005</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8258-7997-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-8258-7997-6">3-8258-7997-6</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greece during World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greece_during_World_War_II77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Greece during World War II">Greece during World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="1940–1941_Balkans_Campaign77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Balkans_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="Balkans campaign (World War II)">1940–1941 Balkans Campaign</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War<br /><span class="nobold">(1940–1941)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pindus" title="Battle of Pindus">Pindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elaia%E2%80%93Kalamas" title="Battle of Elaia–Kalamas">Elaia–Kalamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Korytsa" title="Battle of Korytsa">Korytsa/Korcë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saranda" title="Battle of Saranda">Saranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morava%E2%80%93Ivan" title="Battle of Morava–Ivan">Morava–Ivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Himara" title="Battle of Himara">Himara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Klisura_Pass" title="Capture of Klisura Pass">Klisura Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trebeshina" title="Battle of Trebeshina">Trebeshina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_spring_offensive" title="Italian spring offensive">Italian spring offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_731" title="Battle of Hill 731">Hill 731</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Metaxas" title="Ioannis Metaxas">Ioannis Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Papagos" title="Alexandros Papagos">Alexandros Papagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charalambos_Katsimitros" title="Charalambos Katsimitros">Charalambos Katsimitros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Davakis" title="Konstantinos Davakis">Konstantinos Davakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Drakos_(general)" title="Markos Drakos (general)">Markos Drakos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Pitsikas" title="Ioannis Pitsikas">Ioannis Pitsikas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Papadopoulos_(general)" title="Dimitrios Papadopoulos (general)">Dimitrios Papadopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kosmas" title="Georgios Kosmas">Georgios Kosmas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_Visconti_Prasca" title="Sebastiano Visconti Prasca">Sebastiano Visconti Prasca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaldo_Soddu" title="Ubaldo Soddu">Ubaldo Soddu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Cavallero" title="Ugo Cavallero">Ugo Cavallero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso">Carlo Geloso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_Infantry_Division_(Greece)" title="8th Infantry Division (Greece)">8th Infantry Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Army_Section" title="Epirus Army Section">Epirus Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Western Macedonia Army Section">Western Macedonia Army Section</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9th_Army_(Italy)" title="9th Army (Italy)">9th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(Italy)" title="11th Army (Italy)">11th Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Greece" title="German invasion of Greece">German invasion<br /><span class="nobold">(April–May 1941)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Lustre" title="Operation Lustre">Operation Lustre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Metaxas_Line" title="Battle of the Metaxas Line">Metaxas Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vevi_(1941)" title="Battle of Vevi (1941)">Vevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kleisoura_Pass" title="Battle of Kleisoura Pass">Kleisoura Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae_(1941)" title="Battle of Thermopylae (1941)">Thermopylae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Crete</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Papagos" title="Alexandros Papagos">Alexandros Papagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Bakopoulos" title="Konstantinos Bakopoulos">Konstantinos Bakopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Tsolakoglou" title="Georgios Tsolakoglou">Georgios Tsolakoglou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Maitland_Wilson" title="Henry Maitland Wilson">Henry Maitland Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Blamey" title="Thomas Blamey">Thomas Blamey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Freyberg,_1st_Baron_Freyberg" title="Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg">Bernard Freyberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_List" title="Wilhelm List">Wilhelm List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepp_Dietrich" title="Sepp Dietrich">Sepp Dietrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Student" title="Kurt Student">Kurt Student</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_battle_for_the_Battle_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of battle for the Battle of Greece">Units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Eastern Macedonia Army Section">Eastern Macedonia Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Central Macedonia Army Section">Central Macedonia Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Army_Section" title="Epirus Army Section">Epirus Army Section</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="1st Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">1st Armoured Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_New_Zealand_Division" title="2nd New Zealand Division">2nd New Zealand Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Division_(Australia)" title="6th Division (Australia)">6th Australian Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XVIII_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="XVIII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">XVIII Army Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXXX_Panzer_Corps" title="XXXX Panzer Corps">XXXX Panzer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftflotte_4" title="Luftflotte 4">Luftflotte 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Parachute_Division_(Germany)" title="1st Parachute Division (Germany)">1st Parachute Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Mountain_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="5th Mountain Division (Wehrmacht)">5th Mountain Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Occupation_and_collaboration77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece" title="Axis occupation of Greece">Occupation and collaboration</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Occupying<br />powers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders and<br />commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Altenburg" title="Günther Altenburg">Günther Altenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Neubacher" title="Hermann Neubacher">Hermann Neubacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana">Walter Schimana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_L%C3%B6hr" title="Alexander Löhr">Alexander Löhr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_E" title="Army Group E">Army Group E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellmuth_Felmy" title="Hellmuth Felmy">Hellmuth Felmy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LXVIII_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="LXVIII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">LXVIII Army Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Lanz" title="Hubert Lanz">Hubert Lanz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XXII_Mountain_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="XXII Mountain Corps (Wehrmacht)">XXII Mountain Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Andrae" title="Alexander Andrae">Alexander Andrae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Br%C3%A4uer" title="Bruno Bräuer">Bruno Bräuer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich-Wilhelm_M%C3%BCller" title="Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller">Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_Crete" title="Fortress Crete">Fortress Crete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Merten" title="Max Merten">Max Merten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelico_Carta" title="Angelico Carta">Angelico Carta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellegrino_Ghigi" title="Pellegrino Ghigi">Pellegrino Ghigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Parini" title="Piero Parini">Piero Parini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso">Carlo Geloso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Vecchiarelli" title="Carlo Vecchiarelli">Carlo Vecchiarelli</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(Italy)" title="11th Army (Italy)">11th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Army_Corps_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Army Corps (Italy)">III Army Corps</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/III_Corpo_d%27armata_(Regio_Esercito)" class="extiw" title="it:III Corpo d'armata (Regio Esercito)">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIII_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="VIII Army Corps (Italy)">VIII Army Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXVI_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="XXVI Army Corps (Italy)">XXVI Corps</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Markov_(Bulgarian_general)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Markov (Bulgarian general) (page does not exist)">Ivan Markov</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="extiw" title="bg:Иван Марков (генерал-лейтенант)">bg</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trifon_Trifonov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trifon Trifonov (page does not exist)">Trifon Trifonov</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80)" class="extiw" title="bg:Трифон Трифонов (офицер)">bg</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asen_Sirakov" title="Asen Sirakov">Asen Sirakov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Missiria_executions" title="Missiria executions">Missiria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Kondomari" title="Massacre of Kondomari">Kondomari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Kandanos" title="Razing of Kandanos">Kandanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alikianos_executions" title="Alikianos executions">Alikianos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxato" title="Doxato">Doxato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Mousiotitsa" title="Massacres of Mousiotitsa">Mousiotitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Kommeno" title="Massacre of Kommeno">Kommeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalavryta_massacre" title="Kalavryta massacre">Kalavryta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingiades_massacre" title="Lingiades massacre">Lingiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distomo_massacre" title="Distomo massacre">Distomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domenikon_massacre" title="Domenikon massacre">Domenikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drakeia_massacre" title="Drakeia massacre">Drakeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalonia_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Cephalonia massacre">Cephalonia (Acqui Division)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesovouno_massacres" title="Mesovouno massacres">Mesovouno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrgoi_massacre" title="Pyrgoi massacre">Pyrgoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Vorizia" title="Razing of Vorizia">Vorizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viannos_massacres" title="Viannos massacres">Viannos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallikratis_executions" title="Kallikratis executions">Kallikratis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnings_of_Kali_Sykia" title="Burnings of Kali Sykia">Kali Sykia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Anogeia" title="Razing of Anogeia">Anogeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_of_Kedros" title="Holocaust of Kedros">Kedros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kleisoura_massacre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kleisoura massacre (page does not exist)">Kleisoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidari_concentration_camp" title="Haidari concentration camp">Haidari concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larissa_concentration_camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Larissa concentration camp (page does not exist)">Larissa concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_May_1944_Kaisariani_executions" title="1 May 1944 Kaisariani executions">200 of Kaisariani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chortiatis_massacre" title="Chortiatis massacre">Chortiatis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Economic<br />exploitation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Greece)" title="Great Famine (Greece)">Great Famine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_War_Relief_Association" title="Greek War Relief Association">GWRA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_Greece" title="Hyperinflation in Greece">Hyperinflation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEGRIGES" title="DEGRIGES">DEGRIGES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsory_loan_of_Greece_to_Nazi_Germany" title="Compulsory loan of Greece to Nazi Germany">Compulsory loan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occupation_Reichsmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occupation Reichsmark (page does not exist)">Occupation Reichsmark</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF" class="extiw" title="el:Κατοχικό μάρκο">el</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Greece" title="The Holocaust in Greece">The Holocaust</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Bulgarian-occupied_Greece" title="The Holocaust in Bulgarian-occupied Greece">Bulgarian-occupied Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Thessaloniki#Second_World_War" title="History of the Jews in Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zvi_Koretz" title="Zvi Koretz">Zvi Koretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cemetery_of_Salonica" title="Jewish cemetery of Salonica">Jewish cemetery of Salonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Thessaloniki#Deportation" title="History of the Jews in Thessaloniki">Baron Hirsch ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_Jewish_property_in_Thessaloniki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expropriation of Jewish property in Thessaloniki (page does not exist)">Expropriation of property</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescue_of_the_Jews_of_Zakynthos" title="Rescue of the Jews of Zakynthos">Rescue of the Jews of Zakynthos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_State_(1941%E2%80%931944)" title="Hellenic State (1941–1944)">Collaborationist<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Tsolakoglou" title="Georgios Tsolakoglou">Georgios Tsolakoglou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Logothetopoulos" title="Konstantinos Logothetopoulos">K. Logothetopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Rallis" title="Ioannis Rallis">Ioannis Rallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotirios_Gotzamanis" title="Sotirios Gotzamanis">Sotirios Gotzamanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Bakos" title="Georgios Bakos">Georgios Bakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Poulos" title="Georgios Poulos">Georgios Poulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schubert" title="Friedrich Schubert">Friedrich Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Bourantas" title="Nikolaos Bourantas">Nikolaos Bourantas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Mercouris" title="George S. Mercouris">George S. Mercouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Plytzanopoulos" title="Ioannis Plytzanopoulos">Ioannis Plytzanopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Papadongonas" title="Dionysios Papadongonas">Dionysios Papadongonas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Socialist_Patriotic_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation">Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation (ESPO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Greece" title="National Union of Greece">National Union of Greece (EEE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_National_Socialist_Party" title="Greek National Socialist Party">Greek National Socialist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Secessionists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Legion_(1941%E2%80%931943)" title="Roman Legion (1941–1943)">Roman Legion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcibiades_Diamandi" title="Alcibiades Diamandi">Alcibiades Diamandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaos_Matussis" title="Nicolaos Matussis">Nicolaos Matussis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassilis_Rapotikas" title="Vassilis Rapotikas">Vassilis Rapotikas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ohrana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andon_Kalchev" title="Andon Kalchev">Andon Kalchev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanian_collaboration_with_the_Axis" title="Cham Albanian collaboration with the Axis">Cham collaboration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%ABshilla" title="Këshilla">Këshilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhemil_Dino" title="Xhemil Dino">Xhemil Dino</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramythia_executions" title="Paramythia executions">Paramythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executions_of_Kokkinia" title="Executions of Kokkinia">Executions of Kokkinia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Resistance_and_Free_Greece77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_resistance" title="Greek resistance">Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Political_Committee_of_National_Liberation" title="Political Committee of National Liberation">Free Greece</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Greece)" title="National Liberation Front (Greece)">National Liberation<br />Front (EAM)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aris_Velouchiotis" title="Aris Velouchiotis">Aris Velouchiotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefanos_Sarafis" title="Stefanos Sarafis">Stefanos Sarafis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Tzimas" title="Andreas Tzimas">Andreas Tzimas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Siantos" title="Georgios Siantos">Georgios Siantos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Svolos" title="Alexandros Svolos">Alexandros Svolos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilias_Tsirimokos" title="Ilias Tsirimokos">Ilias Tsirimokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Vafeiadis" title="Markos Vafeiadis">Markos Vafeiadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evripidis_Bakirtzis" title="Evripidis Bakirtzis">Evripidis Bakirtzis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">Communist Party of Greece (KKE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Greece" title="Socialist Party of Greece">Socialist Party of Greece (SKE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_People%27s_Democracy" title="Union of People's Democracy">Union of People's Democracy (ELD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELAS" title="ELAS">Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_People%27s_Liberation_Navy" title="Greek People's Liberation Navy">Greek People's Liberation Navy (ELAN)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Committee_of_National_Liberation" title="Political Committee of National Liberation">Political Committee of National Liberation (PEEA)</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Greece)" title="National Council (Greece)">National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Panhellenic_Organization_of_Youth" title="United Panhellenic Organization of Youth">United Panhellenic Organization of Youth (EPON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Solidarity_(Greece)" title="National Solidarity (Greece)">National Solidarity (EA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_the_Protection_of_the_People%27s_Struggle" title="Organization for the Protection of the People's Struggle">Organization for the Protection of the People's Struggle (OPLA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)#SNOF" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">Slavic-Macedonian National Liberation Front (SNOF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Fascist_Committee_for_a_Free_Germany" title="Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany">Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany (AKFD)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama_uprising" title="Drama uprising">Drama uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ryka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ryka (page does not exist)">Ryka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Mikro_Chorio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Mikro Chorio (page does not exist)">Mikro Chorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meritsa" title="Battle of Meritsa">Meritsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Greek_protests_against_labour_mobilization" title="1943 Greek protests against labour mobilization">Protests against labour mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fardykambos" title="Battle of Fardykambos">Fardykambos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Porta" title="Battle of Porta">Porta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarantaporos_(1943)" title="Battle of Sarantaporos (1943)">Sarantaporos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destruction_of_the_Kournovo_Tunnel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Destruction of the Kournovo Tunnel (page does not exist)">Kournovo Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_July_1943_Athens_protest" title="22 July 1943 Athens protest">1943 Athens protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_Infantry_Division_%22Pinerolo%22" title="24th Infantry Division "Pinerolo"">Pinerolo disarmament</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Steiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Steiri (page does not exist)">Steiri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Agorelitsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Agorelitsa (page does not exist)">Agorelitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Krech#Ambush" title="Franz Krech">Killing of Franz Krech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feneos_executions" title="Feneos executions">Feneos executions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5/42_Evzone_Regiment_(EKKA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5/42 Evzone Regiment (EKKA) (page does not exist)">5/42 Regiment dissolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meligalas" title="Battle of Meligalas">Meligalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kilkis_(1944)" title="Battle of Kilkis (1944)">Kilkis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Terror_(Greece)" title="Red Terror (Greece)">Red Terror (Greece)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Non-EAM resistance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Zervas" title="Napoleon Zervas">Napoleon Zervas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kartalis" title="Georgios Kartalis">Georgios Kartalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Psarros" title="Dimitrios Psarros">Dimitrios Psarros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komninos_Pyromaglou" title="Komninos Pyromaglou">Komninos Pyromaglou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonis_Fosteridis" title="Antonis Fosteridis">Antonis Fosteridis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostas_Perrikos" title="Kostas Perrikos">Kostas Perrikos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilias_Degiannis" title="Ilias Degiannis">Ilias Degiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasileios_Sachinis" title="Vasileios Sachinis">Vasileios Sachinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lela_Karagianni" title="Lela Karagianni">Lela Karagianni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Ventiris" title="Konstantinos Ventiris">Konstantinos Ventiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manolis_Paterakis" title="Manolis Paterakis">Manolis Paterakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Petrakis" title="Georgios Petrakis">Petrakogiorgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimonas_Zografakis" title="Kimonas Zografakis">Kimonas Zografakis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EDES" title="EDES">National Republican Greek League (EDES)</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Bands_of_Greek_Guerrillas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Bands of Greek Guerrillas (page does not exist)">National Bands of Greek Guerrillas (EOEA)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_Social_Liberation" title="National and Social Liberation">National and Social Liberation (EKKA)</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5/42_Evzone_Regiment_(EKKA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5/42 Evzone Regiment (EKKA) (page does not exist)">5/42 Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Liberation_Organization" title="Panhellenic Liberation Organization">Defenders of Northern Greece (YVE)/Panhellenic Liberation Organization (PAO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Union_of_Fighting_Youths" title="Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths">Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths (PEAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_II" title="Prometheus II">Prometheus II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_(resistance_organization)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apollo (resistance organization) (page does not exist)">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_of_Crete" title="National Organization of Crete">National Organization of Crete (ΕΟΚ)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellenic_Army_(Resistance_organization)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellenic Army (Resistance organization) (page does not exist)">Hellenic Army (ES)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Epirus_Liberation_Front" title="Northern Epirus Liberation Front">Northern Epirus Liberation Front (MAVI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_Resistance_organizations" title="List of Greek Resistance organizations"><i>others...</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Socialist_Patriotic_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation">ESPO bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge (Operation "Harling")</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Agia_Kyriaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Agia Kyriaki (page does not exist)">Agia Kyriaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Milia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Milia (page does not exist)">Milia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Skala_Paramythias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Skala Paramythias (page does not exist)">Skala Paramythias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Execution_of_Josef_Salminger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Execution of Josef Salminger (page does not exist)">Execution of Josef Salminger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Xirovouni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Xirovouni (page does not exist)">Xirovouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trahili" title="Battle of Trahili">Trahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Menina" title="Battle of Menina">Menina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dodona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dodona (page does not exist)">Dodona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Cham_Albanians" title="Expulsion of Cham Albanians">Expulsion of Cham Albanians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_military_mission_to_Greece_(1942%E2%80%931944)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British military mission to Greece (1942–1944) (page does not exist)">British Military Mission</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Executive" title="Special Operations Executive">SOE</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Myers" title="Eddie Myers">Eddie Myers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague_Woodhouse,_5th_Baron_Terrington" title="Montague Woodhouse, 5th Baron Terrington">Monty Woodhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leigh_Fermor" title="Patrick Leigh Fermor">Patrick Leigh Fermor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Stanley_Moss" title="W. Stanley Moss">Bill Stanley Moss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Themis_Marinos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Themis Marinos (page does not exist)">Themis Marinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Psychoundakis" title="George Psychoundakis">George Psychoundakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Iwanow-Szajnowicz" title="Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz">Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Albumen" title="Operation Albumen">Operation "Albumen"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge (Operation "Harling")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Animals" title="Operation Animals">Operation "Animals"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Washing" title="Operation Washing">Asopos Bridge (Operation "Washing")</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Heinrich_Kreipe" title="Kidnapping of Heinrich Kreipe">Kidnapping of Heinrich Kreipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damasta_sabotage" title="Damasta sabotage">Damasta sabotage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Greek_government-in-exile77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_government-in-exile" title="Greek government-in-exile">Greek government-in-exile</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Greek_governmentin_exile59" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_government-in-exile" title="Greek government-in-exile">Greek government<br />in exile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events/Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mareth_Line" title="Battle of the Mareth Line">Mareth Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein" title="Second Battle of El Alamein">El Alamein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wadi_Akarit" title="Battle of Wadi Akarit">Wadi Akarit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodecanese_campaign" title="Dodecanese campaign">Dodecanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Greek_naval_mutiny" title="1944 Greek naval mutiny">April 1944 mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rimini_(1944)" title="Battle of Rimini (1944)">Rimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Symi" title="Raid on Symi">Symi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Santorini" title="Raid on Santorini">Santorini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanouil_Tsouderos" title="Emmanouil Tsouderos">Emmanouil Tsouderos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofoklis_Venizelos" title="Sofoklis Venizelos">Sofoklis Venizelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Kanellopoulos" title="Panagiotis Kanellopoulos">Panagiotis Kanellopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasyvoulos_Tsakalotos" title="Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos">Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christodoulos_Tsigantes" title="Christodoulos Tsigantes">Christodoulos Tsigantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pafsanias_Katsotas" title="Pafsanias Katsotas">Pafsanias Katsotas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Armed_Forces_in_the_Middle_East" title="Greek Armed Forces in the Middle East">Greek Armed Forces<br />in the Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Greek_Mountain_Brigade" title="3rd Greek Mountain Brigade">3rd Mountain Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Band_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Band (World War II)">Sacred Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_destroyer_Vasilissa_Olga" title="Greek destroyer Vasilissa Olga"><i>Vasilissa Olga</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_destroyer_Adrias_(L67)" title="Greek destroyer Adrias (L67)"><i>Adrias</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_submarine_Katsonis_(Y-1)" title="Greek submarine Katsonis (Y-1)"><i>Katsonis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_submarine_Papanikolis_(Y-2)" title="Greek submarine Papanikolis (Y-2)"><i>Papanikolis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Light_Bomber_Squadron" title="13th Light Bomber Squadron">13th Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/335th_Squadron_(HAF)" title="335th Squadron (HAF)">335th Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/336th_Bomber_Squadron" title="336th Bomber Squadron">336th Squadron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Liberation_and_road_to_the_civil_war77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Liberation and road to the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">civil war</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prelude_to_Civil_War40" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Prelude to <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Civil War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Bands_Agreement" title="National Bands Agreement">National Bands Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaka_agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaka agreement (page does not exist)">Plaka agreement</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82_-_%CE%9C%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85" class="extiw" title="el:Συμφωνία της Πλάκας - Μυρόφυλλου">el</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Terror_(Greece)" title="Red Terror (Greece)">Red Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon_Conference" title="Lebanon Conference">Lebanon Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caserta_Agreement" title="Caserta Agreement">Caserta Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Manna" title="Operation Manna">Operation "Manna"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percentages_agreement" title="Percentages agreement">Percentages agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dekemvriana" title="Dekemvriana">Dekemvriana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Varkiza" title="Treaty of Varkiza">Treaty of Varkiza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Greece)" title="White Terror (Greece)">White Terror</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Scobie" title="Ronald Scobie">Ronald Scobie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Papandreou" title="Georgios Papandreou">Georgios Papandreou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaskinos_of_Athens" title="Damaskinos of Athens">Archbishop Damaskinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Grivas" title="Georgios Grivas">Georgios Grivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_Evert" title="Angelos Evert">Angelos Evert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Commemoration77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Commemoration</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohi_Day" title="Ohi Day">Ohi Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athens_War_Museum" title="Athens War Museum">Athens War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_Museum_of_Greece" title="Holocaust Museum of Greece">Holocaust Museum of Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Kalavryta_Holocaust" title="Museum of the Kalavryta Holocaust">Kalavryta Massacre Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Museum_of_Kalpaki" title="War Museum of Kalpaki">Kalpaki War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Battle_of_Crete_and_the_National_Resistance" title="Museum of the Battle of Crete and the National Resistance">Museum of the Battle of Crete and the National Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Museum_of_Thessaloniki" title="War Museum of Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki War Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aera!_Aera!_Aera!" title="Aera! Aera! Aera!">Aera! Aera! Aera!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin">Captain Corelli's Mandolin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin_(film)" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ill_Met_by_Moonlight" title="Ill Met by Moonlight">Ill Met by Moonlight</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ill_Met_by_Moonlight_(film)" title="Ill Met by Moonlight (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ipolochagos_Natassa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ipolochagos Natassa">Ipolochagos Natassa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mediterraneo" title="Mediterraneo">Mediterraneo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_11th_Day:_Crete_1941" title="The 11th Day: Crete 1941">The 11th Day: Crete 1941</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guns_of_Navarone_(novel)" title="The Guns of Navarone (novel)"><i>The Guns of Navarone</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Guns_of_Navarone_(film)" title="The Guns of Navarone (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_Did_You_Do_in_the_War,_Thanasis%3F" title="What Did You Do in the War, Thanasis?">What Did You Do in the War, Thanasis?</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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