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Please contact <a href="mailto:(Anatoly Zak) agzak@russianspaceweb.com">Anatoly Zak</a>.</span> </div> <hr align="center"> <p align="center" class="subheadLine"><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Related pages:</font></p> <div align="center"><a href="soyuz-ms-01.html" class="picCaptionSidebar">Soyuz MS-01 mission</a></div> <hr> <p align="center"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="persona.html"></a></font></p> <p align="center"> </p></td> <td align="left" valign="top" bordercolor="#CCCCCC" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <p align="left" class="menuTextLinks"><a href="site_update.html">Site news</a> | <a href="site_map.html">Site map</a> | <a href="site_info.html">About this site</a> | </font><a href="zak.html">About the author</a> | <a href="testimonials.html">Testimonials</a> | <a href="mailto:(Anatoly%20Zak)%20agzak@russianspaceweb.com">Mailbox</a> | <strong><a href="advertise.html">ADVERTISE!</a></strong> | <b><a href="sponsor.html">DONATE!</a></b></p> </td> <td width="200" height="50%" align="left" valign="top" bordercolor="#CCCCCC" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" > <p align="center"><span class="bodyText style1">|</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td bordercolor="#CCCCCC" align="left" valign="top"><p class="mainHeadline">Propulsion system for the Soyuz MS spacecraft</p> <p><a class="addthis_button" href="http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?v=250&pub=xa-4a9567347f52c441"><img src="http://s7.addthis.com/static/btn/v2/lg-share-en.gif" width="125" height="16" alt="Bookmark and Share" style="border:0"/></a></p> <p align="center"> <script type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </p> <p align="left" class="navLine">Previous chapter: <a href="soyuz-ms-kurs-na.html">Soyuz MS: Kurs-NA rendezvous system</a></p> <p align="center" class="subheadLine"><img src="images/spacecraft/manned/soyuz/ms/dpo_1.jpg" alt="DPO" width="730" height="424"></p> <p align="center" class="picCaption"><font size="2"><a href="http://www.popularmechanics.com/space/news/a21668/soyuz-russia-spacecraft-upgrade/"><span class="picCaptionSidebar"><b>SEE MORE IN:</b></span></a></font></p> <p align="center" class="picCaption"><font size="2"><a href="http://www.popularmechanics.com/space/news/a21668/soyuz-russia-spacecraft-upgrade/"><img src="images/logos/pop_mech_120.jpg" alt="PopTech" width="120" height="46" border="0"></a></font></p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="3" bgcolor="#FF9900"> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FF9900"><div align="center"> <span class="bodyText"><strong>From the publisher:</strong> Pace of our development depends primarily on the level of support from our readers!</span> <form action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="post" target="_top"> <div align="center"> <input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_s-xclick"> <input type="hidden" name="hosted_button_id" value="TLH8PL3QPAD8J"> <input type="image" src="https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donateCC_LG.gif" border="0" name="submit" alt="PayPal - The safer, easier way to pay online!"> <img alt="Donate" border="0" src="https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/scr/pixel.gif" width="1" height="1"> </div> </form> </div></td> </tr> </table> <p class="subheadLine">Integrated Propulsion System, KDU</p> <p class="bodyText">The placement of the 28 attitude control thrusters, DPOs, (including 16 large 13-kilogram and 12 smaller 3-kilogram thrusters), which are part of the Integrated Propulsion System (<em>Kombinirovannaya Dvigatelnaya Ustanovka, KDU</em>) was rearranged on Soyuz-MS to provide full redundancy between the two independent propellant manifold loops, which feed the engines with oxidizer and fuel. Only high-thrust engines were left in the DPO system of Soyuz-MS. With 14 pairs of DPO engines available with each thruster in each pair connected to a different manifold, the system obtained much higher reliability.</p> <p class="bodyText">In addition, the aft section of the spacecraft now has eight (four pairs) of high-thrust engines instead of four, giving the crew more backup capability in case of the main engine failure, including during the critical deorbiting operations.</p> <p class="bodyText">In a related upgrade, the electronic generator of propellant consumption signals, known as EFIR, was modified to eliminate possible false counting when the propellant was not being really used.</p> <p class="subheadLine">DPO avionics</p> <p class="bodyText">Due to rearrangement of the attitude control thrusters, DPO, the avionics unit, known in Russian as Blok Avtomatiki, had to undergo respective changes on all of the ships of the MS series.</p> <p align="center" class="bodyText"><img src="images/spacecraft/manned/soyuz/ms/dpo_processing_1.jpg" alt="DPO" width="730" height="409"></p> <p align="center" class="picCaption">DPO thrusters for the Soyuz MS spacecraft during pre-launch processing.</p> <p align="center" class="picCaption"> </p> <p align="left" class="picCaption"><span class="navLine">Next chapter: <a href="soyuz-ms-sep.html">Soyuz MS: Power supply system</a></span></p> <p class="subheadLine"> </p> <p align="center" class="tableHeadline"><em><strong>Read much more about the history of the Russian space program in a richly illustrated, large-format glossy edition:</strong></em></p> <p align="center"><a href="book_future.html"><img src="images/zak/portfolio/Books/cover_front_455px.jpg" alt="Book" width="354" height="460" border="0"></a></p> <p class="tableHeadline"> </p> <p align="center"> <script type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </p> <p><a class="addthis_button" href="http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?v=250&pub=xa-4a9567347f52c441"><img src="http://s7.addthis.com/static/btn/v2/lg-share-en.gif" width="125" height="16" alt="Bookmark and Share" style="border:0"/></a></p> <hr> <p align="center" class="footerCredit">The article and illustration by Anatoly Zak</p> <p align="center" class="footerCredit">Last update: April 20, 2020 </p> <p align="center" class="footerCredit">All rights reserved</p></td> <td width="200" height="50%" rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" bordercolor="#CCCCCC" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" ><p align="center"><a href="book_future.html"><img src="images/zak/book_future_200x486.jpg" alt="Book" width="200" height="486" border="0"></a></p> <p align="center"><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><b><font color="#FF0000">IMAGE ARCHIVE</font></b></font></p> <p align="center"><img src="images/spacecraft/manned/soyuz/ms/kdu/kdu_2.jpg" alt="KDU" width="200" height="157"></p> <p align="left" class="picCaptionSidebar">The main engine of the Soyuz-MS-01 spacecraft under a protective cover. Credit: Roskosmos</p> <hr> <p><img src="images/spacecraft/manned/soyuz/pao/propulsion_2.jpg" alt="propulsion" width="200" height="217"></p> <p><span class="picCaptionSidebar">Propulsion section of the Soyuz-MS spacecraft. Credit: Roskosmos</span></p> <p><a href="javascript:;"><img src="images/spacecraft/manned/soyuz/ms/kdu/dpo_pao_2.jpg" alt="DPO" width="200" height="231" border="0" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('images/spacecraft/manned/soyuz/ms/kdu/dpo_pao_1.jpg','dpo','scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=730,height=544')"></a></p> <p><span class="picCaptionSidebar">A cluster of DPO engines below the <a href="soyuz_sa.html">descent module</a> of the Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft. Click to enlarge. Credit: Roskosmos</span></p> <hr> <p align="center"> </p> <p align="center"> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top" bordercolor="#CCCCCC" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><div align="center" class="menuTextLinks"><a href="site_update.html">Site news</a> | <a href="site_map.html">Site map</a> | <a href="site_info.html">About this site</a> | </font><a href="zak.html">About the author</a> | <a href="testimonials.html">Testimonials</a> | <a href="mailto:(Anatoly%20Zak)%20agzak@russianspaceweb.com">Mailbox</a> | <strong><a href="advertise.html">ADVERTISE!</a></strong> | <b><a href="sponsor.html">DONATE!</a></b></div></td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" height="40" vspace="0" hspace="0" align="center" bordercolor="0"> <tr bgcolor="#999999"> <td><img src="images/footer3.gif" width="600" height="40" align="right" vspace="0" hspace="0" usemap="#Map" border="0"> <map name="Map"> <area shape="rect" coords="493,4,595,38" href="index.html"><area shape="rect" coords="59,3,105,37" href="#top" target="_self"> </map></td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>