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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%87_%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B7%DB%B6_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%87" title="زمین‌لرزه ۱۹۷۶ چالدران-مرادیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زمین‌لرزه ۱۹۷۶ چالدران-مرادیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdheja_Baz%C3%AEdaxa-B%C3%AAgiriy%C3%AA_1976" title="Erdheja Bazîdaxa-Bêgiriyê 1976 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Erdheja Bazîdaxa-Bêgiriyê 1976" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&params=39.12_N_44.03_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°07′N</span> <span class="longitude">44°02′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.12°N 44.03°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.12; 44.03</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">November 1976 earthquake in eastern Turkey</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:right;clear:right"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake is located in Turkey"><img alt="1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake is located in Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.286%;left:95.051%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-20px;top:-20px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake"><img alt="1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/40px-Bullseye1.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/60px-Bullseye1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bullseye1.png/80px-Bullseye1.png 2x" data-file-width="1610" data-file-height="1610" /></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> time</th><td class="infobox-data">1976-11-24 12:22:17</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Seismological_Centre" title="International Seismological Centre">ISC</a> event</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/FormatBibprint.pl?evid=706299">706299</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">USGS-<a href="/wiki/Advanced_National_Seismic_System" title="Advanced National Seismic System">ANSS</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem706299">ComCat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Local date</th><td class="infobox-data">24 November 1976<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1976-11-24</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Local time</th><td class="infobox-data">14:22:17</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Magnitude</th><td class="infobox-data">7.3 <a href="/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales#Ms" title="Seismic magnitude scales"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000004-QINU`"'</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Surface-wave mag.">M<sub>s</sub></span></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Depth</th><td class="infobox-data">36 km (22 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Epicenter</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&params=39.12_N_44.03_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°07′N</span> <span class="longitude">44°02′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.12°N 44.03°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.12; 44.03</span></span></span></a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-NGDC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NGDC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fault_(geology)#Strike-slip_faults" title="Fault (geology)">Strike-slip</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Areas affected</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Maximum">Max.</abbr> intensity</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="background-color:rgba(200, 0, 0); padding:4px; color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Modified_Mercalli_intensity_scale#mmi-10" title="Modified Mercalli intensity scale"><span style="color:white;">MMI X (<i>Extreme</i>)</span></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Casualties</th><td class="infobox-data">4,000–5,000 dead</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1976_Caldiran_earthquake_surface_rupture.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/1976_Caldiran_earthquake_surface_rupture.png/260px-1976_Caldiran_earthquake_surface_rupture.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/1976_Caldiran_earthquake_surface_rupture.png/390px-1976_Caldiran_earthquake_surface_rupture.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/1976_Caldiran_earthquake_surface_rupture.png/520px-1976_Caldiran_earthquake_surface_rupture.png 2x" data-file-width="2133" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Extent of surface faulting in the earthquake, epicentre shown by red star</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake</b> occurred at 14:22 local time (12:22 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_universal_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Coordinated universal time">UTC</a>) on 24 November. The <a href="/wiki/Epicenter" title="Epicenter">epicenter</a> was located near <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran_(District),_Van" class="mw-redirect" title="Çaldıran (District), Van">Çaldıran</a>, 20 km northeast of <a href="/wiki/Muradiye" title="Muradiye">Muradiye</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Van_Province" title="Van Province">Van Province</a> of eastern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquake</a> had a <a href="/wiki/Surface_wave_magnitude" class="mw-redirect" title="Surface wave magnitude">magnitude</a> of 7.3 with a maximum <a href="/wiki/Seismic_scales#Seismic_intensity_scales" class="mw-redirect" title="Seismic scales">intensity</a> of X (<i>Extreme</i>) on the <a href="/wiki/Mercalli_intensity_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercalli intensity scale">Mercalli intensity scale</a>. The area of severe damage, where over 80% of the buildings were destroyed, covered an area of 2,000 square kilometres.<sup id="cite_ref-Toksöz_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toksöz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were between 4,000 and 5,000 casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-NGDC_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NGDC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tectonic_setting">Tectonic setting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Tectonic setting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The easternmost part of Turkey lies within the complex zone of continuing <a href="/wiki/Continental_collision" title="Continental collision">continental collision</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_plate" title="Arabian plate">Arabian plate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_plate" title="Eurasian plate">Eurasian plate</a>. The overall shortening that affects this area is accommodated partly by thrusting along the <a href="/wiki/Zagros_fold_and_thrust_belt" title="Zagros fold and thrust belt">Bitlis-Zagros fold and thrust belt</a> and partly by a mixture of sinistral strike-slip on SW-NE trending faults and dextral strike-slip on NW-SE trending faults.<sup id="cite_ref-Bayrak_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bayrak-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earthquake was caused by movement on the Çaldıran Fault, one of the dextral faults, which had not been recognized before the earthquake.<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Barka_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barka-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No earthquakes with magnitudes of 6 or greater were recorded within 100 km of Çaldıran in the preceding 74 years, possibly explaining why it was considered an area of only intermediate seismic risk (zone 3 out of the five-zone system of seismic risking used in Turkey at the time, with zone 1 being the highest).<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Earthquake">Earthquake</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Earthquake"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earthquake was associated with a 50–55 km zone of surface faulting, extending from three kilometres west of Sarikök in the west to just west of Baydoğan in the east. A maximum dextral offset of 3.5 m was recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Barka_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barka-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rupture width was estimated at 24 km and the fault zone was found to <a href="/wiki/Strike_and_dip" title="Strike and dip">dip</a> at 78° to the south.<sup id="cite_ref-Ohta_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ohta-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The duration of strong ground shaking is estimated at six seconds.<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Damage">Damage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Damage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Çaldıran, 95% of the houses were destroyed with all the others damaged to some extent, and 615 of the 3,304 inhabitants were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the villages around Çaldıran, over 80% of the houses were destroyed and most of the rest were damaged; 2,313 of the 27,587 inhabitants were killed. In Muradiye, almost all the houses were either completely collapsed or damaged, and 159 of the 6,753 inhabitants were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of the buildings in the epicentral area were constructed of thick walls made from rubble masonry cemented with mud mortar. The structures were typically finished with a heavy earth roof with wooden supports. The very low resistance to lateral loads of these structures explains why almost all the buildings in Çaldıran collapsed in the earthquake, causing most of the deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reinforced concrete structures generally performed well, with none suffering complete collapse. The performance of brick or stone masonry structures was mixed, with some collapsing and others being apparently unaffected.<sup id="cite_ref-Gülkan_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_1976" title="List of earthquakes in 1976">List of earthquakes in 1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Iran" title="List of earthquakes in Iran">List of earthquakes in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="List of earthquakes in Turkey">List of earthquakes in Turkey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NGDC-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NGDC_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NGDC_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNGDC" class="citation web cs1">NGDC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170813012819/https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_0=4752&t=101650&s=13&d=22,26,13,12&nd=display">"Comments for the Significant Earthquake"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_0=4752&t=101650&s=13&d=22,26,13,12&nd=display">the original</a> on 13 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comments+for+the+Significant+Earthquake&rft.au=NGDC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ngdc.noaa.gov%2Fnndc%2Fstruts%2Fresults%3Feq_0%3D4752%26t%3D101650%26s%3D13%26d%3D22%2C26%2C13%2C12%26nd%3Ddisplay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1976+%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toksöz-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Toksöz_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToksözArpat_E.Şaroğlu_F.1977" class="citation journal cs1">Toksöz, M.N.; Arpat E. & Şaroğlu F. (1977). "East Anatolian earthquake of 24 November 1976". <i>Nature</i>. <b>270</b> (5636): 423–425. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977Natur.270..423T">1977Natur.270..423T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F270423b0">10.1038/270423b0</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4187426">4187426</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=East+Anatolian+earthquake+of+24+November+1976&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=5636&rft.pages=423-425&rft.date=1977&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4187426%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F270423b0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1977Natur.270..423T&rft.aulast=Toks%C3%B6z&rft.aufirst=M.N.&rft.au=Arpat+E.&rft.au=%C5%9Earo%C4%9Flu+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1976+%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bayrak-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bayrak_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBayrakÖztürk_S.Çınar_H.Kalafat_D.2009" class="citation journal cs1">Bayrak, Y.; Öztürk S.; Çınar H.; Kalafat D.; Tsapanos T.M.; Koravos Ch. & Leventakis G.-A. (2009). "Estimating earthquake hazard parameters from instrumental data for different regions in and around Turkey". <i>Engineering Geology</i>. <b>105</b> (3–4): 200–210. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009EngGe.105..200B">2009EngGe.105..200B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.enggeo.2009.02.004">10.1016/j.enggeo.2009.02.004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Engineering+Geology&rft.atitle=Estimating+earthquake+hazard+parameters+from+instrumental+data+for+different+regions+in+and+around+Turkey&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=200-210&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.enggeo.2009.02.004&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009EngGe.105..200B&rft.aulast=Bayrak&rft.aufirst=Y.&rft.au=%C3%96zt%C3%BCrk+S.&rft.au=%C3%87%C4%B1nar+H.&rft.au=Kalafat+D.&rft.au=Tsapanos+T.M.&rft.au=Koravos+Ch.&rft.au=Leventakis+G.-A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1976+%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gülkan-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gülkan_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGülkanGürpinarCelebiArpat_E.1978" class="citation book cs1">Gülkan, P.; Gürpinar, A.; Celebi, M.; Arpat E. & Gencoğlu (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mUIrAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1"><i>Engineering report on the Muradiye-Çaldiran, Turkey, earthquake of 24 November 1976</i></a>. National Academies. pp. 5–25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Engineering+report+on+the+Muradiye-%C3%87aldiran%2C+Turkey%2C+earthquake+of+24+November+1976&rft.pages=5-25&rft.pub=National+Academies&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=G%C3%BClkan&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.au=G%C3%BCrpinar%2C+A.&rft.au=Celebi%2C+M.&rft.au=Arpat+E.&rft.au=Genco%C4%9Flu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmUIrAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1976+%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barka-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barka_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barka_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarkaReilinger1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aykut_Barka" title="Aykut Barka">Barka, A.</a>; Reilinger (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.earth-prints.org/bitstream/2122/1520/1/02%20barka.pdf">"Active tectonics of the Eastern Mediterranean region: deduced from GPS, neotectonic and seismicity data"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Annali di Geofisica</i>. <b>40</b> (3): 588–592<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annali+di+Geofisica&rft.atitle=Active+tectonics+of+the+Eastern+Mediterranean+region%3A+deduced+from+GPS%2C+neotectonic+and+seismicity+data&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=588-592&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Barka&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Reilinger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.earth-prints.org%2Fbitstream%2F2122%2F1520%2F1%2F02%2520barka.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1976+%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ohta-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ohta_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOhtaGoto_N.Satoh_K.Ergünnay_O.1980" class="citation web cs1">Ohta, Y.; Goto N.; Satoh K.; Ergünnay O. & Tabban A. (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/7_vol9_399.pdf">"An engineering seismological study on the 1976 Çaldiran earthquake in Turkey"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proceedings of the seventh world conference on Earthquake Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey</i>. pp. 399–406<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+seventh+world+conference+on+Earthquake+Engineering%2C+Istanbul%2C+Turkey&rft.atitle=An+engineering+seismological+study+on+the+1976+%C3%87aldiran+earthquake+in+Turkey&rft.pages=399-406&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Ohta&rft.aufirst=Y.&rft.au=Goto+N.&rft.au=Satoh+K.&rft.au=Erg%C3%BCnnay+O.&rft.au=Tabban+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iitk.ac.in%2Fnicee%2Fwcee%2Farticle%2F7_vol9_399.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1976+%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye+earthquake" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_%C3%87ald%C4%B1ran%E2%80%93Muradiye_earthquake&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/">International Seismological Centre</a> has a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/FormatBibprint.pl?evid=706299">bibliography</a> and/or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/web-db-v4?event_id=706299&out_format=IMS1.0&request=COMPREHENSIVE">authoritative data</a> for this event.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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in 1976"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes_in_1976" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes in 1976"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_Earthquakes_in_1976_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_1975" title="List of earthquakes in 1975">←</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_1976" title="List of earthquakes in 1976">Earthquakes in 1976</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_1977" title="List of earthquakes in 1977">→</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Guatemala_earthquake" title="1976 Guatemala earthquake">Guatemala</a> (7.5, Feb 4) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Friuli_earthquake" title="1976 Friuli earthquake">Friuli</a> (6.5, May 6) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Longling_earthquake" title="1976 Longling earthquake">Longling</a> (7.0, May 29)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Papua_earthquake" title="1976 Papua earthquake">Papua</a> (7.1, June 25) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Bali_earthquake" title="1976 Bali earthquake">Bali</a> (6.5, July 14) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Sabah_earthquake" title="1976 Sabah earthquake">Sabah</a> (6.2, July 26)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Tangshan_earthquake" title="1976 Tangshan earthquake">Tangshan</a> (7.8, July 28) <b>†‡</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Songpan%E2%80%93Pingwu_earthquake" title="1976 Songpan–Pingwu earthquake">Songpan–Pingwu</a> (6.7, Aug 16) <b>†</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Moro_Gulf_earthquake" title="1976 Moro Gulf earthquake">Moro Gulf</a> (8.0, Aug 17) <b>†</b></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Çaldıran–Muradiye</a> (7.3, Nov 24) <b>†</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>†</b> indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths <br /> <b>‡</b> indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Earthquakes_in_Iran" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Earthquakes_in_Iran" title="Template:Earthquakes in Iran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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earthquake">1667 Shamakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1641_Tabriz_earthquake" title="1641 Tabriz earthquake">1641 Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1679_Armenia_earthquake" title="1679 Armenia earthquake">1679 Yerevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1721_Tabriz_earthquake" title="1721 Tabriz earthquake">1721 Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1727_Tabriz_earthquake" title="1727 Tabriz earthquake">1727 Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1778_Kashan_earthquake" title="1778 Kashan earthquake">1778 Kashan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1780_Tabriz_earthquake" title="1780 Tabriz earthquake">1780 Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_Ahora_earthquake" title="1840 Ahora earthquake">1840 Ahora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1853_Shiraz_earthquake" title="1853 Shiraz earthquake">1853 Shiraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871%E2%80%9372_Quchan_earthquakes" title="1871–72 Quchan earthquakes">1871–72 Quchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1879_Bozqush_earthquake" title="1879 Bozqush earthquake">1879 Bozqush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Quchan_earthquake" title="1893 Quchan earthquake">1893 Quchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1895_Quchan_earthquake" title="1895 Quchan earthquake">1895 Quchan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1909_Borujerd_earthquake" title="1909 Borujerd earthquake">1909 Borujerd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Torbat-e_Heydarieh_earthquake" title="1923 Torbat-e Heydarieh earthquake">1923 Torbat-e Heydarieh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Kopet_Dag_earthquake" title="1929 Kopet Dag earthquake">1929 Kopet Dag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Salmas_earthquake" title="1930 Salmas earthquake">1930 Salmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Dustabad_earthquake" title="1947 Dustabad earthquake">1947 Dustabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Ashgabat_earthquake" title="1948 Ashgabat earthquake">1948 Ashgabat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Torud_earthquake" title="1953 Torud earthquake">1953 Torud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Alborz_earthquake" title="1957 Alborz earthquake">1957 Alborz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Farsinaj_earthquake" title="1957 Farsinaj earthquake">1957 Farsinaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Firuzabad_earthquake" title="1958 Firuzabad earthquake">1958 Firuzabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Dasht-e_Bayaz_and_Ferdows_earthquakes" title="1968 Dasht-e Bayaz and Ferdows earthquakes">1968 Dasht-e Bayaz and Ferdows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Qir_earthquake" title="1972 Qir earthquake">1972 Qir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Khurgu_earthquake" title="1977 Khurgu earthquake">1977 Khurgu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Naghan_earthquake" title="1977 Naghan earthquake">1977 Naghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Bob%E2%80%93Tangol_earthquake" title="1977 Bob–Tangol earthquake">1977 Bob–Tangol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Tabas_earthquake" title="1978 Tabas earthquake">1978 Tabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Ghaenat_earthquakes" title="1979 Ghaenat earthquakes">1979 Ghaenat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Golbaf_earthquake" title="1981 Golbaf earthquake">1981 Golbaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Sirch_earthquake" title="1981 Sirch earthquake">1981 Sirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Manjil%E2%80%93Rudbar_earthquake" title="1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake">1990 Manjil–Rudbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Bojnurd_earthquake" title="1997 Bojnurd earthquake">1997 Bojnurd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Ardabil_earthquake" title="1997 Ardabil earthquake">1997 Ardabil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Qayen_earthquake" title="1997 Qayen earthquake">1997 Qayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Bou%27in-Zahra_earthquake" title="2002 Bou'in-Zahra earthquake">2002 Bou'in-Zahra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Bam_earthquake" title="2003 Bam earthquake">2003 Bam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Baladeh_earthquake" title="2004 Baladeh earthquake">2004 Baladeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Zarand_earthquake" title="2005 Zarand earthquake">2005 Zarand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Qeshm_earthquake" title="2005 Qeshm earthquake">2005 Qeshm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Borujerd_earthquake" title="2006 Borujerd earthquake">2006 Borujerd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Qeshm_earthquake" title="2008 Qeshm earthquake">2008 Qeshm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2010_Iran_earthquake" title="July 2010 Iran earthquake">July 2010 Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Damghan_earthquake" title="2010 Damghan earthquake">2010 Damghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Hosseinabad_earthquake" title="2010 Hosseinabad earthquake">2010 Hosseinabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_East_Azerbaijan_earthquakes" title="2012 East Azerbaijan earthquakes">2012 East Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Zohan_earthquake" title="2012 Zohan earthquake">2012 Zohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Bushehr_earthquake" title="2013 Bushehr earthquake">2013 Bushehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Saravan_earthquake" title="2013 Saravan earthquake">2013 Saravan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Borazjan_earthquake" title="2013 Borazjan earthquake">2013 Borazjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Murmuri_earthquake" title="2014 Murmuri earthquake">2014 Murmuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_earthquake" title="2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake">2017 Kermanshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Sarpol-e_Zahab_earthquake" title="2018 Sarpol-e Zahab earthquake">2018 Sarpol-e Zahab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_East_Azerbaijan_earthquake" title="2019 East Azerbaijan earthquake">2019 East Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Iran%E2%80%93Turkey_earthquakes" title="2020 Iran–Turkey earthquakes">2020 Khoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Hormozgan_earthquakes" title="2021 Hormozgan earthquakes">2021 Hormozgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Hormozgan_earthquakes" title="2022 Hormozgan earthquakes">2022 Hormozgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_West_Azerbaijan_earthquakes" title="2022–2023 West Azerbaijan earthquakes">2022–2023 West Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Razavi_Khorasan_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Razavi Khorasan earthquake">2024 Razavi Khorasan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Earthquakes_in_Turkey" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="Template:Earthquakes in Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="Template talk:Earthquakes in Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Earthquakes in Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Earthquakes_in_Turkey" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="List of earthquakes in Turkey">Earthquakes in Turkey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_17_Lydia_earthquake" title="AD 17 Lydia earthquake">AD 17 Lydia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/115_Antioch_earthquake" title="115 Antioch earthquake">115 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/141_Lycia_earthquake" title="141 Lycia earthquake">141 Lycia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/262_Southwest_Anatolia_earthquake" title="262 Southwest Anatolia earthquake">262 SW Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/447_Constantinople_earthquake" title="447 Constantinople earthquake">447 Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/526_Antioch_earthquake" title="526 Antioch earthquake">526 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/528_Antioch_earthquake" title="528 Antioch earthquake">528 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/557_Constantinople_earthquake" title="557 Constantinople earthquake">557 Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/840_Erzurum_earthquake" title="840 Erzurum earthquake">840 Erzurum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/847_Damascus_earthquake" title="847 Damascus earthquake">847 Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1114_Marash_earthquake" title="1114 Marash earthquake">1114 Marash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1269_Cilicia_earthquake" title="1269 Cilicia earthquake">1269 Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1509_Constantinople_earthquake" title="1509 Constantinople earthquake">1509 Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1513_Marash_earthquake" title="1513 Marash earthquake">1513 Marash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1598_Amasya%E2%80%93%C3%87orum_earthquake" title="1598 Amasya–Çorum earthquake">1598 Amasya–Çorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1653_Smyrna_earthquake" title="1653 Smyrna earthquake">1653 Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1668_North_Anatolia_earthquake" title="1668 North Anatolia earthquake">1668 North Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1688_Smyrna_earthquake" title="1688 Smyrna earthquake">1688 Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1766_Istanbul_earthquake" title="1766 Istanbul earthquake">1766 Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1766_Marmara_earthquake" title="1766 Marmara earthquake">1766 Marmara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_Ahora_earthquake" title="1840 Ahora earthquake">1840 Ahora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1855_Bursa_earthquake" title="1855 Bursa earthquake">1855 Bursa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Heraklion_earthquake" title="1856 Heraklion earthquake">1856 Heraklion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1859_Erzurum_earthquake" title="1859 Erzurum earthquake">1859 Erzurum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="1866 Bingöl earthquake">1866 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Amik_earthquake" title="1872 Amik earthquake">1872 Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Dinar_earthquake" title="1875 Dinar earthquake">1875 Dinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Chios_earthquake" title="1881 Chios earthquake">1881 Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_%C3%87e%C5%9Fme_earthquake" title="1883 Çeşme earthquake">1883 Çeşme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Malatya_earthquake" title="1893 Malatya earthquake">1893 Malatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Istanbul_earthquake" title="1894 Istanbul earthquake">1894 Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Bal%C4%B1kesir_earthquake" title="1898 Balıkesir earthquake">1898 Balıkesir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_Ayd%C4%B1n%E2%80%93Denizli_earthquake" title="1899 Aydın–Denizli earthquake">1899 Aydın–Denizli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Manzikert_earthquake" title="1903 Manzikert earthquake">1903 Manzikert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_M%C3%BCrefte_earthquake" title="1912 Mürefte earthquake">1912 Mürefte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Burdur_earthquake" title="1914 Burdur earthquake">1914 Burdur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Ayval%C4%B1k_earthquake" title="1919 Ayvalık earthquake">1919 Ayvalık</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Pasinler_earthquake" title="1924 Pasinler earthquake">1924 Pasinler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Kars_earthquake" title="1926 Kars earthquake">1926 Kars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Su%C5%9Fehri_earthquake" title="1929 Suşehri earthquake">1929 Suşehri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Salmas_earthquake" title="1930 Salmas earthquake">1930 Salmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Erdek%E2%80%93Marmara_Islands_earthquake" title="1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands earthquake">1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Digor_earthquake" title="1935 Digor earthquake">1935 Digor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_K%C4%B1r%C5%9Fehir_earthquake" title="1938 Kırşehir earthquake">1938 Kırşehir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Erzincan_earthquake" title="1939 Erzincan earthquake">1939 Erzincan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Van%E2%80%93Erci%C5%9F_earthquake" title="1941 Van–Erciş earthquake">1941 Van–Erciş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Niksar%E2%80%93Erbaa_earthquake" title="1942 Niksar–Erbaa earthquake">1942 Niksar–Erbaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Adapazar%C4%B1%E2%80%93Hendek_earthquake" title="1943 Adapazarı–Hendek earthquake">1943 Adapazarı–Hendek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Tosya%E2%80%93Ladik_earthquake" title="1943 Tosya–Ladik earthquake">1943 Tosya–Ladik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Bolu%E2%80%93Gerede_earthquake" title="1944 Bolu–Gerede earthquake">1944 Bolu–Gerede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Gulf_of_Edremit%E2%80%93Ayvacik_earthquake" title="1944 Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik earthquake">1944 Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Varto%E2%80%93H%C4%B1n%C4%B1s_earthquake" title="1946 Varto–Hınıs earthquake">1946 Varto–Hınıs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Karl%C4%B1ova_earthquake" title="1949 Karlıova earthquake">1949 Karlıova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Kur%C5%9Funlu_earthquake" title="1951 Kurşunlu earthquake">1951 Kurşunlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Hasankale_earthquake" title="1952 Hasankale earthquake">1952 Hasankale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Yenice%E2%80%93G%C3%B6nen_earthquake" title="1953 Yenice–Gönen earthquake">1953 Yenice–Gönen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Fethiye_earthquakes" title="1957 Fethiye earthquakes">1957 Fethiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Abant_earthquake" title="1957 Abant earthquake">1957 Abant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Manyas_earthquake" title="1964 Manyas earthquake">1964 Manyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Varto_earthquake" title="1966 Varto earthquake">1966 Varto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Mudurnu_earthquake" title="1967 Mudurnu earthquake">1967 Mudurnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Bart%C4%B1n_earthquake" title="1968 Bartın earthquake">1968 Bartın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Ala%C5%9Fehir_earthquake" title="1969 Alaşehir earthquake">1969 Alaşehir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Gediz_earthquake" title="1970 Gediz earthquake">1970 Gediz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="1971 Bingöl earthquake">1971 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Lice_earthquake" title="1975 Lice earthquake">1975 Lice</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Erzurum_earthquake" title="1983 Erzurum earthquake">1983 Erzurum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Biga_earthquake" title="1983 Biga earthquake">1983 Biga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Malatya_earthquake" title="1986 Malatya earthquake">1986 Malatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Erzincan_earthquake" title="1992 Erzincan earthquake">1992 Erzincan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Dinar_earthquake" title="1995 Dinar earthquake">1995 Dinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Adana%E2%80%93Ceyhan_earthquake" title="1998 Adana–Ceyhan earthquake">1998 Adana–Ceyhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_%C4%B0zmit_earthquake" title="1999 İzmit earthquake">1999 İzmit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_D%C3%BCzce_earthquake" title="1999 Düzce earthquake">1999 Düzce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Afyon_earthquake" title="2002 Afyon earthquake">2002 Afyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="2003 Bingöl earthquake">2003 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Do%C4%9Fubayaz%C4%B1t_earthquake" title="2004 Doğubayazıt earthquake">2004 Doğubayazıt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F_earthquake" title="2010 Elazığ earthquake">2010 Elazığ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_K%C3%BCtahya_earthquake" title="2011 Kütahya earthquake">2011 Kütahya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Van_earthquakes" title="2011 Van earthquakes">2011 Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2014 Aegean Sea earthquake">2014 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2017 Aegean Sea earthquake">2017 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Istanbul_earthquake" title="2019 Istanbul earthquake">2019 Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F_earthquake" title="2020 Elazığ earthquake">2020 Elazığ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Iran%E2%80%93Turkey_earthquakes" title="2020 Iran–Turkey earthquakes">2020 Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Bing%C3%B6l_earthquake" title="2020 Bingöl earthquake">2020 Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Aegean_Sea_earthquake" title="2020 Aegean Sea earthquake">2020 Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_D%C3%BCzce_earthquake" title="2022 Düzce earthquake">2022 Düzce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Turkey%E2%80%93Syria_earthquakes" title="2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes">2023 Gaziantep–Kahramanmaraş</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1976_Çaldıran–Muradiye_earthquake&oldid=1259218326">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1976_Çaldıran–Muradiye_earthquake&oldid=1259218326</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Earthquakes_in_Turkey" title="Category:Earthquakes in Turkey">Earthquakes in Turkey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Earthquakes_in_Iran" title="Category:Earthquakes in Iran">Earthquakes in Iran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1976_earthquakes" title="Category:1976 earthquakes">1976 earthquakes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1976_in_Turkey" title="Category:1976 in Turkey">1976 in Turkey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Van_Province" title="Category:History of Van 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