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cells</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: candida cells"> <meta name="keywords" content="candida cells"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="candida cells"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3346</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: candida cells</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3346</span> Viscoelastic Separation and Concentration of Candida Using a Low Aspect Ratio Microchannel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seonggil%20Kim">Seonggil Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeonghun%20Nam"> Jeonghun Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chae%20Seung%20Lim"> Chae Seung Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid diagnosis of fungal infections is critical for rapid antifungal therapy. However, it is difficult to detect extremely low concentration fungi in blood sample. To address the limitation, separation and concentration of fungi in blood sample are required to enhance the sensitivity of PCR analysis. In this study, we demonstrated a sheathless separation and concentration of fungi, candida cells using a viscoelastic fluid. To validate the performance of the device, microparticle mixture (2 and 13 μm) was used, and those particles were successfully separated based on the size difference at high flow rate of 100 μl/min. For the final application, successful separation of the Candida cells from the white blood cells (WBCs) was achieved. Based on the viscoelastic lateral migration toward the equilibrium position, Candida cells were separated and concentrated by center focusing, while WBCs were removed by patterning into two streams between the channel center and the sidewalls. By flow cytometric analysis, the separation efficiency and the purity were evaluated as ~99% and ~ 97%, respectively. From the results, the device can be the powerful tool for detecting extremely rare disease-related cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells" title="candida cells">candida cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration" title=" concentration"> concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscoelastic%20fluid" title=" viscoelastic fluid"> viscoelastic fluid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90895/viscoelastic-separation-and-concentration-of-candida-using-a-low-aspect-ratio-microchannel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3345</span> Characterization of Genus Candida Yeasts Isolated from Oral Microbiota of Brazilian Schoolchildren with Different Caries Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20S.%20V.%20Barbieri">D. S. V. Barbieri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20R.%20Gomes"> R. R. Gomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20D.%20Santos"> G. D. Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20F.%20Herkert"> P. F. Herkert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Moreira"> M. Moreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20S.%20Trindade"> E. S. Trindade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20A.%20Vicente"> V. A. Vicente</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The importance of yeast infections has increased in recent decades. The monitoring of Candida yeasts has been relevant in the study of groups and populations. This research evaluated 31 Candida spp. isolates from oral microbiota of 12 Brazilian schoolchildren coinfected with Streptococcus mutans. The isolates were evaluated for their ability to form biofilm in vitro and molecularly characterized based on the sequencing of intergenic spacer regions ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 and variable domains of the large subunit (D1/D2) regions of the rDNA, as well as ABC system genotyping. The sequencing confirmed 26 lineages of Candida albicans, three Candida tropicalis, one Candida guillhermondii and one Candida glabrata. Genetic variability and differences on in biofilm formation were observed among Candida yeasts lineages. At least one Candida strain from each caries activity child was C.albicans genotype A or Candida non-albicans. C. tropicalis was associated with highest cavities rates. These results indicate that the presence of C. albicans genotype A or multi-colonization by non albicans species seem to be associates to the potentialization of caries risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title="biofilm">biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20albicans" title=" Candida albicans"> Candida albicans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20microbiota" title=" oral microbiota"> oral microbiota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caries" title=" caries"> caries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22050/characterization-of-genus-candida-yeasts-isolated-from-oral-microbiota-of-brazilian-schoolchildren-with-different-caries-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3344</span> Non-Candida Albicans Candida: Virulence Factors and Species Identification in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satender%20Saraswat">Satender Saraswat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dharmendra%20Prasad%20Singh"> Dharmendra Prasad Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Kumar%20Verma"> Rajesh Kumar Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swati%20Sarswat"> Swati Sarswat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Purpose: The predominant cause of candidiasis was Candida albicans which has shifted towards non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) (Candida species other than the C. albicans). NCAC, earlier considered non-pathogenic or minimally virulent, are now considered a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised. With the NCAC spp. gaining weightage in the clinical cases, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of NCAC spp. in different clinical specimens and to assess a few of their virulence factors. Material and Methods: Routine samples for bacterial culture and sensitivity, showing colony characteristics like Candida on Blood Agar and microscopic features resembling Candida spp. were processed further. Candida isolates were tested for chlamydospore formation, biochemical tests including sugar fermentation and sugar assimilation tests, and growth at 42oC, colony colour on HiCrome™ Candida Differential Agar, HiCandida Identification Kit and VITEK-2 Compact. Virulence factors like adherence to buccal epithelial cells (ABEC), biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, and production of coagulase enzyme were also tested. Results: Mean age of the patients was 38.46 with a male-female ratio of 1.36:1. 137 Candida isolates were recovered. 45.3% isolates were isolated from urine, 19.7% from vaginal swabs and 13.9% from oropharyngeal swabs. 55 (40.1%) isolates of C. albicans and 82 (59.9%) of NCAC spp. were identified, with C. tropicalis (23.4%) in NCAC. C. albicans (3; 50%) was the commonest species in cases of candidemia. Haemolysin production (85.5%) and ABEC (78.2%) were the major virulence factors in C. albicans. C. tropicalis (59.4%) and C. dubliniensis (50%) showed maximum ABEC. Biofilm forming capacity was higher in C. tropicalis (78.1%) than C. albicans (67%). Conclusion: This study suggests varied prevalence and virulence based on geographical locations, even within a subcontinent. It clearly demarcates the emergence of NCAC and their predominance in different body fluids. Identification of Candida to species level should become a routine in all the laboratories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABEC" title="ABEC">ABEC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NCAC" title=" NCAC"> NCAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-Candida%20albicans%20Candida" title=" non-Candida albicans Candida"> non-Candida albicans Candida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitek-2TM%20compact" title=" Vitek-2TM compact"> Vitek-2TM compact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137890/non-candida-albicans-candida-virulence-factors-and-species-identification-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3343</span> Determination of Biofilm Formation in Different Clinical Candida Species and Investigation of Effects of Some Plant Substances on These Biofilms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulcan%20Sahal">Gulcan Sahal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isil%20Seyis%20Bilkay"> Isil Seyis Bilkay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Candida species which often exist as commensal microorganisms in healthy individuals are major causes of important infections, especially in AIDS and immunocompromised patients, by means of their biofilm formation abilities. Therefore, in this study, determination of biofilm formation in different clinical strains of Candida species, investigation of strong biofilm forming Candida strains, examination of clinical information of each strong and weak biofilm forming Candida strains and investigation of some plant substances’ effects on biofilm formation of strong biofilm forming strains were aimed. In this respect, biofilm formation of Candida strains was analyzed via crystal violet binding assay. According to our results, biofilm levels of strains belong to different Candida species were different from each other. Additionally, it is also found that some plant substances effect biofilm formation. All these results indicate that, as well as C. albicans strains, other non-albicans Candida species also emerge as causative agents of infections and have biofilm formation abilities. In addition, usage of some plant substances in different concentrations may provide a new treatment against biofilm related Candida infections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-biofilm" title="anti-biofilm">anti-biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm%20formation" title=" biofilm formation"> biofilm formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20species" title=" Candida species"> Candida species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosystems%20engineering" title=" biosystems engineering"> biosystems engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8322/determination-of-biofilm-formation-in-different-clinical-candida-species-and-investigation-of-effects-of-some-plant-substances-on-these-biofilms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3342</span> An in vitro Study on Synergetic Antifungal Activity of Garlic Extract with Honey and Lemon Juice against Candida sp.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Karpagam">P. Karpagam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babu%20Joseph"> Babu Joseph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Ashok%20Kumar"> P. Ashok Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The incidence of Candida infections is increasing worldwide. The serious nature of these infections is compounded by increasing levels of drug resistance. Pure cultures of the Candida sp. were obtained from clinical isolates and fresh garlic extracts were obtained by extraction techniques. The antifungal activity of garlic extract was investigated in an in vitro system. The extract (100%, 75% and 50%) showed significant antifungal activity against Candida, whereas, low concentration (25%) of the extract showed less antifungal activity against the test organism. Antifungal activities of honey and lemon juice were tested against the Candida; however, the growth was not inhibited by these extracts. On the other hand honey and lemon when combined with garlic exhibited a good antifungal activity. The study thus confirms the antifungal properties of garlic extract along with additives like honey and lemon have significant antifungal activity against isolates of Candida species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida" title="Candida">Candida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garlic%20extract" title=" garlic extract"> garlic extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lemon" title=" lemon"> lemon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergitic%20antifungal%20activity" title=" synergitic antifungal activity"> synergitic antifungal activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75056/an-in-vitro-study-on-synergetic-antifungal-activity-of-garlic-extract-with-honey-and-lemon-juice-against-candida-sp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3341</span> Report of Candida Auris: An Emerging Fungal Pathogen in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Ekiti State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Oluwole%20Moses">David Oluwole Moses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Odeyemi%20Adebowale%20Toba"> Odeyemi Adebowale Toba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olawale%20Adetunji%20Kola"> Olawale Adetunji Kola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Candida auris, an emerging fungus, has been reported in more than 30 countries around the world since its first detection in 2009. Due to its several virulence factors, resistance to antifungals, and persistence in hospital settings, Candida auris has been reported to cause treatment-failure infections. This study was therefore carried out to determine the incidence of Candida auris in a tertiary hospital in Ekiti State, Nigeria. In this study, a total of 115 samples were screened for Candida species using cultural and molecular methods. The carriage of virulence factors and antifungal resistance among C. auris was detected using standard microbiological methods. Candida species isolated from the samples were 15 (30.0%) in clinical samples and 22 (33.85%) in hospital equipment screened. Non-albicans Candida accounted for 3 (20%) and 8 (36.36%) among the isolates from the clinical samples and equipment, respectively. Only five of the non-albicans Candida isolates were C. auris. All the isolates produced biofilm, gelatinase, and hemolysin, while none produced germ tubes. Two of the isolates were resistant to all the antifungals tested. Also, all the isolates were resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole. Nystatin appeared to be the most effective among the tested antifungals. The isolation of Candida auris is being reported for the second time in Nigeria, further confirming that the fungus has spread beyond Lagos and Ibadan, where it was first reported. The extent of the spread of the nosocomial fungus needed to be further investigated and curtailed in Nigeria before its outbreak in healthcare facilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20auris" title="candida auris">candida auris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virulence%20factors" title=" virulence factors"> virulence factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungals" title=" antifungals"> antifungals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathogen" title=" pathogen"> pathogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital" title=" hospital"> hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181999/report-of-candida-auris-an-emerging-fungal-pathogen-in-a-tertiary-healthcare-facility-in-ekiti-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3340</span> Growth Inhibition of Candida Albicans Strains Co-Cultured with Lactobacillus Strains in a Cereal Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Nyanzi">Richard Nyanzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maupi%20E.%20Letsoalo"> Maupi E. Letsoalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacobus%20N.%20Eloff"> Jacobus N. Eloff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piet%20J.%20Jooste"> Piet J. Jooste</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Candida albicans naturally occurs in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of more than 50% of humans. Overgrowth of the fungus causes several forms of candidiasis including oral thrush. Overgrowth tends to occur in immunocompromised humans such as diabetic, cancer and HIV patients. Antifungal treatment is available, but not without shortcomings. In this study, inhibitory activity of five probiotic Lactobacillus strains was demonstrated against the growth of seven clinical strains of Candida albicans by co-culturing of the organisms in a maize gruel (MG) medium. Phenotypic tests, molecular techniques and phylogenetic analysis have enabled precise identification of the organisms used in the study. The quantitative pour plate technique was used to enumerate colonies of the yeasts and the lactobacilli and the Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA tests were employed to compare the distributions of the colonies of the organisms. The cereal medium, containing added carbon sources, was inoculated with a Candida and a Lactobacillus strain in combination and incubated at 37 °C for 168 h. Aliquots were regularly taken and subjected to pH determination and colony enumeration. Certain Lactobacillus strains proved to be inhibitory and also lethal to some Candida albicans strains. A low pH due to Lactobacillus acid production resulted in significant low Candida colony counts. Higher Lactobacillus colony counts did not necessarily result in lower Candida counts suggesting that inhibitory factors besides low pH and competitive growth by lactobacilli contributed to the reduction in Candida counts. Such anti-Candida efficacy however needs to be confirmed by in vivo studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20albicans" title="candida albicans">candida albicans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20thrush" title=" oral thrush"> oral thrush</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candidiasis" title=" candidiasis"> candidiasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus" title=" lactobacillus"> lactobacillus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31162/growth-inhibition-of-candida-albicans-strains-co-cultured-with-lactobacillus-strains-in-a-cereal-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3339</span> Pathogenic Candida Biofilms Producers Involved in Healthcare Associated Infections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouassila%20Bekkal%20Brikci%20Benhabib">Ouassila Bekkal Brikci Benhabib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahia%20Boucherit%20Otmani"> Zahia Boucherit Otmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kebir%20Boucherit"> Kebir Boucherit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Seghir"> A. Seghir </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The establishment of intravenous catheters in hospitalized patient is an act common in many clinical situations. These therapeutic tools, from their insertion in the body, represent gateways including fungal germs prone. The latter can generate the growth of biofilms, which can be the cause of fungal infection. Faced with this problem, we conducted a study at the University Hospital of Tlemcen in the neurosurgery unit and aims to isolate and identify Candida yeasts from intravenous catheters. Then test their ability to form biofilms. Materials and methods: 256 patient hospitalized in surgery of the hospital in west Algeria were submitted to this study. All samples were taken from peripheral venous catheters implanted for 72 hours or more days. A total of 31 isolates of Candida species were isolated. MIC and SMIC are determined at 80% inhibition by the test XTT tetrazolium measured at 490 nm. The final concentrations of antifungal agent being between 0.03 and 16 mg / ml for amphotericin B and from 0.015 to 8 mg / mL caspofungin. Results: 31 Candida species isolates from catheters including 14 Candida albicans and 17 Candida non albicans . 21 strains of all the isolates were able to form biofilms. In their form of Planktonic cells, all isolates are 100% susceptible to antifungal agents tested. However, in their state of biofilms, more isolates have become tolerant to the tested antifungals. Conclusion: Candida yeasts isolated from intravascular catheters are considered an important virulence factor in the pathogenesis of infections. Their involvement in catheter-related infections can be disastrous for their potential to generate biofilms. They survive high concentrations of antifungal where treatment failure. Pending the development of a therapeutic approach antibiofilm related to catheters, their mastery is going through: -The risk of infection prevention based on the training and awareness of medical staff, -Strict hygiene and maximum asepsis, and -The choice of material limiting microbial colonization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida" title="candida">candida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title=" biofilm"> biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital" title=" hospital"> hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amphotericin%20B" title=" amphotericin B"> amphotericin B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caspofungin" title=" caspofungin"> caspofungin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31771/pathogenic-candida-biofilms-producers-involved-in-healthcare-associated-infections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3338</span> Molecular Docking of Marrubiin in Candida Rugosa Lipase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benarous%20Khedidja">Benarous Khedidja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousfi%20Mohamed"> Yousfi Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infections caused by Candida species manifest in a number of diseases, including candidemia, vulvovaginal candidiasis, endocarditis, and peritonitis. These Candida species have been reported to have lipolytic activity by secretion of lipolytic enzymes such as esterases, lipases and phospholipases. These Extracellular hydrolytic enzymes seem to play an important role in Candida overgrowth. Candidiasis is commonly treated with antimycotics such as clotrimazole and nystatin, which bind to a major component of the fungal cell membrane (ergosterol). This binding forms pores in the membrane that lead to death of the fungus. Due to their secondary effects, scientists have thought of another treatment basing on lipase inhibition but we haven’t found any lipase inhibitors used as candidiasis treatment. In this work, we are interested to lipases inhibitors such as alkaloids as another candidiasis treatment. In the first part, we have proceeded to optimize the alkaloid structures and protein 3D structure using Hyperchem software. Secondly, we have docked inhibitors using Genetic algorithm with GOLD software. The results have shown ten possibilities of binding inhibitor to Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) but only one possibility has been accepted depending on the weakest binding energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marrubiin" title="marrubiin">marrubiin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20rugosa%20lipase" title=" candida rugosa lipase"> candida rugosa lipase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=docking" title=" docking"> docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold" title=" gold"> gold</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2333/molecular-docking-of-marrubiin-in-candida-rugosa-lipase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3337</span> Spectrum and Prevalence of Candida Infection in Diabetic Foot Ulcers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Reza%20Aghili">Seyed Reza Aghili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahereh%20Shokohi"> Tahereh Shokohi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lotfollah%20Davoodi"> Lotfollah Davoodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Kashi"> Zahra Kashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azam%20Moslemi"> Azam Moslemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Abastabar"> Mahdi Abastabar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iman%20Haghani"> Iman Haghani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabah%20Mayahi"> Sabah Mayahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asoudeh%20A."> Asoudeh A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: In diabetic foot ulcers, if fungal agents such as Candida species penetrate into the cutaneous or depth of ulcer, can increase the degree of the wound and cause Candia infection and make it more difficult to heal. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 100 diabetic foot ulcer patients in 2020 in Sari, Iran. patient's data and wound grade were recorded in a questionnaire. Candida infection was diagnosed with direct microscopic examination and culture of samples. Colony-PCR molecular method was used for ITS region of DNA and then PCR-RFLP with Msp1 enzyme and using HWP1 specific gene to determine species of Candida agent. Results: Of 100 patients, the mean age 62.1 ± 10.8 years, 95% type 2 diabetes, 83%>10 years duration diabetes, 59% male, 66%> poor education level, 99% married, 52% rural, 95% neuropathic symptoms, 88% using antibiotics, 69%HbA1C >9%, and mean ulcer degree 2.6±1.05 were. Candida infection was seen in 13% of the deep tissue of the wound and 7% cutaneous around the wound. The predominant Candida isolated was C. parapsilosis (71.5%), C .albicans (14.3%). Fungal infections caused by mold fungi were not detected. There was a statistically significant relationship between yeast infection and gender, rural, HbA1C and ulcer degree. Conclusion: Mycological evaluations often are ignored. Candida parapsilosis is the most common infectious agent in these patients and may require specific treatment. Therefore, more attention of physicians to Candida infections particularly, early diagnosis and effective treatment can help faster recovery and prevent amputation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20foot%20ulcer" title="diabetic foot ulcer">diabetic foot ulcer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20infection" title=" candida infection"> candida infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=c.%20parapsilosis" title=" c. parapsilosis"> c. parapsilosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141401/spectrum-and-prevalence-of-candida-infection-in-diabetic-foot-ulcers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3336</span> Deuterium Effect on the Growth of the Fungus Aspergillus Fumigatus and Candida Albicans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Doostishoar">Farzad Doostishoar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolreza%20Hasanzadeh"> Abdolreza Hasanzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Amin%20Ayatolahi%20Mousavi"> Seyed Amin Ayatolahi Mousavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction and Goals: Deuterium has different action from its isotopes hydrogen in chemical reactions and biochemical processes. It is not a significant difference in heavier atoms between the behavior of heavier isotope and the lighter One but for very lighter atoms it is significant . According to that most of the weight of all creatures body is water natural rate can be significant. In this article we want to study the effect of reduced deuterium on the fungus cell. If we saw the dependence of deuterium concentration of environment on the cells growth we can test this in invivo models too. Methods: First we measured deuterium concentration of the distillated water this analyze was operated by Arak’s heavy water company. Then the deuterium was diluted to ½ ¼ 1/8 1/16 by adding water free of deuterium for making media. In tree of samples the deuterium concentration was increased by adding D2O up to 10,50,100 times more concentrated. For candida albicans growth we used sabor medium and for aspergillus fomigatis growth we used sabor medium containing chloramphenicol. After culturing the funguses species we put the mediums for each species in the shaker incubator for 10 days in 25 centigrade. In different days and times the plates were studied morphologically and some microscopic characteristics were studied too. This experiments and cultures were repeated 3 times. Results: Statistical analyzes by paired-sample T test showed that aspergilus fomigatoos growth was decreased in concentration of 72 ppm( half deuterium concentration of negative control) significantly. In deuterium concentration reduction the growth reduce into the negative control significantly. The project results showed that candida albicans was sensitive to reduce and decrease of the deuterium in all concentrations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deuterium" title="deuterium">deuterium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20cell" title=" cancer cell"> cancer cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20albicans" title=" candida albicans"> candida albicans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25328/deuterium-effect-on-the-growth-of-the-fungus-aspergillus-fumigatus-and-candida-albicans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3335</span> Antimicrobial Activity of Some Plant Extracts against Clinical Pathogen and Candida Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwan%20Khalil%20Qader">Marwan Khalil Qader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arshad%20Mohammad%20Abdullah"> Arshad Mohammad Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antimicrobial resistance is a major cause of significant morbidity and mortality globally. Seven plant extracts (Plantago mediastepposa, Quercusc infectoria, Punic granatum, Thymus lcotschyana, Ginger officeinals, Rhus angustifolia and Cinnamon) were collected from different regions of Kurdistan region of Iraq. These plants’ extracts were dissolved in absolute ethanol and distillate water, after which they were assayed in vitro as an antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis, Candida albicanus, Candida dublinensis, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata also against 2 Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and 3 Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsilla pneumonia). The antimicrobial activity was determined in ethanol extracts and distilled water extracts of these plants. The ethanolic extracts of Q. infectoria showed the maximum activity against all species of Candida fungus. The minimum inhibition zone of the Punic granatum ethanol extracts was 0.2 mg/ml for all microorganisms tested. Klebsilla pneumonia was the most sensitive bacterial strain to Quercusc infectoria and Rhus angustifolia ethanol extracts. Among both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested with MIC of 0.2 mg/ml, the minimum inhibition zone of Ginger officeinals D. W. extracts was 0.2 mg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsilla pneumonia. The most sensitive bacterial strain to Thymus lcotschyana and Plantago mediastepposa D.W. extracts was S. aureus and E. coli. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title="antimicrobial activity">antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathogenic%20bacteria" title=" pathogenic bacteria"> pathogenic bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20extracts" title=" plant extracts"> plant extracts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20systems%20engineering" title=" chemical systems engineering"> chemical systems engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8700/antimicrobial-activity-of-some-plant-extracts-against-clinical-pathogen-and-candida-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3334</span> Factors Associated with Oral Cavity Colonization by Candida albicans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nwafia%20Ifeyinwa%20Nkeiruka">Nwafia Ifeyinwa Nkeiruka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nwafia%20Walter%20Chukwuma"> Nwafia Walter Chukwuma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the early 1980’s fungi have emerged as major causes of human diseases, especially among immunocompromised. The most commonly isolated yeast is Candida albicans and constitutes the 4th most common nosocomial BSI in humans. It is progressive and cumulative and become more complex over time.It can even lead to leaky gut syndrome that causes food and environmental allergies. It is worthy of note that all the available data on oral Candida risk factors in humans were documented essentially using data from studies conducted in other areas, hence there is need for comparative and complementary information from the South eastern part of Nigeria. Method: 200 subjects of all age groups of both sexes were randomly examined,by swabbing their palatine mucosa and dorsal tongue with sterile cotton wool,then cultured into Sabouraud dextrose agar plates supplemented with antibiotics and incubated aerobically at 37 degree for 48 hrs. Identification of Candida albicans was done by germ tubes tests, chlamydospores production on cornmeal agar supplemented with 1% Tween 80.Sugar and nitrogen assimilation test using API 20C Auxanogram and potassium nitrate agar. Results: Out of 30 samples that were positive for candida, 15 (50%) were candida albicans. Using the anova test (P < 0.05) this variation is significant (P = 0016). followed by C. dublinensis 3 (13%), C. tropicalis 3 (10%), C. pseudotropicalis 3 (10%), C, glabrata 2 (7%), C. parapsilosis 2 (7%) and lastly C. krusei 1 (3%).However, 53% of the patients were female while 47% were male. Among the HIV positive isolates.67% were HIV isolates not on drugs while 33% positives isolates were on drugs and the percentages of candida species in these patients were as follows C. albicans were 45% followed by C. glabrata and C.tropicalis which were 17% each, C.parapsilosis, C.dubliensis and C.pseudotropicalis were all 8% each. Conclusion: Oral Candidiasis is a marker of systemic diseases and in some cases, it may be the first clinical presentation. There is need for more intensive clinical and laboratory monitoring and possible early intervention to prevent the reoccurrence and resistance to treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20cavity" title="oral cavity">oral cavity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20species" title=" Candida species"> Candida species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20Candidiasis" title=" oral Candidiasis"> oral Candidiasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17860/factors-associated-with-oral-cavity-colonization-by-candida-albicans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17860.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3333</span> Isolation and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida albicans from Endocervical and High Vaginal Swabs of Pregnant Women Attending State Specialist Hospital Gombe, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isa%20Shu%E2%80%99aibu">Isa Shu’aibu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Mu%E2%80%99inat"> A. A. Mu’inat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20U.%20Maigari"> F. U. Maigari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Mani"> M. A. Mani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Candida albicans is the common cause of both oral and vaginal candidiasis in humans. This candidiasis leads to a wide range of physical, psychological and even physiological problems in humans particularly pregnant women. Samples of endocervical and high vaginal swab were collected from 200 women attending Gombe Specialist Hospital and inoculated on Saboraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) incorporated with chloramphenicol to get rid of the unwanted bacterial contaminants. Gram staining technique and germ tube test were employed for the identification, as Candida albicans is positive for both. Gram positive samples were 70% (n=140) and were further subjected to germ tube test. The remaining 30% (n=60) were found to be Gram negative. 90% (n=126) of the Gram positive ones isolated were also found to be positive for germ tube test; confirming the presence of Candida albicans. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed that members of Imidazole (Ketoconazole, Miconazole) and those of Triazoles (Fluconazole and Itraconazole) were found to be more effective at concentrations of 20, 50 and 100 µg/disc compared to Griseofulvin (Fulcin) with only 26.00 mm zone of inhibition at 100 µg/disc concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20albicans" title="Candida albicans">Candida albicans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candidiasis" title=" candidiasis"> candidiasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endocervical" title=" endocervical"> endocervical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaginal%20swab" title=" vaginal swab"> vaginal swab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungal%20susceptibility" title=" antifungal susceptibility"> antifungal susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imidazole" title=" imidazole"> imidazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triazoles" title=" triazoles "> triazoles </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13954/isolation-and-antifungal-susceptibility-pattern-of-candida-albicans-from-endocervical-and-high-vaginal-swabs-of-pregnant-women-attending-state-specialist-hospital-gombe-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3332</span> In vitro Antifungal Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Eight Various Cultivar of Persian Punica granatum L. against Candida Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahindokht%20Bassiri-Jahromi">Shahindokht Bassiri-Jahromi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Pourshafie"> Mohammad Reza Pourshafie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Katiraee"> Farzad Katiraee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mannan%20Hajimahmoodi"> Mannan Hajimahmoodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Mostafavi">Ehsan Mostafavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malihe%20Talebi"> Malihe Talebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Resistance of Candida species to antifungal agents has potentially serious implications for management of infections. Candida species are now fourth common organisms isolated from hospitalized patients. It is important to increase effective therapy. In the past decade, numerous reports of treatment failures were reported. Prevention and control of these infections will require new antimicrobial agents. Plant-derived antifungal have always been a source of novel therapeutics. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal effect of methanolic extract of pomegranate peel and pulp against Candida species. Material and Methods: Eight cultivars of Punica granatum L. were collected from Saveh Agricultural Investigation Center in Iran. Both pomegranate pulp and peel were dried and powdered separately. The dried powders were extracted by using a soxhlet extractor. The antifungal effect of methanolic extract of pomegranate peel and pulp were determined in vitro by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against five standard species of (ATCC 10231), C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019), C. tropicalis (ATCC 750), C. glabrata (PTCC 5297), and C. kroseii (PTCC 5295). Results: Maximum inhibitions of antifungal effect were attributed to peel extract pomegranate cultivar and Candida species. The most potential antifungal inhibition among 8 different cultivars observed by sour malas, sour white peel, and sour summer extracts respectively, against five Candida strains. The antifungal activity of pulp extracts against Candida species was approximately negative. Conclusion: The use of Punica granatum peel extract has been shown to possess antifungal activities. The phytochemistry and pharmacological actions of Punica granatum peel components suggest a wide range of clinical applications for the treatment and prevention of candidiasis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungal%20activity" title="antifungal activity">antifungal activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20species" title=" Candida species"> Candida species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Punica%20granatum%20L." title=" Punica granatum L."> Punica granatum L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacognosy" title=" pharmacognosy"> pharmacognosy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26336/in-vitro-antifungal-activity-of-methanolic-extracts-of-eight-various-cultivar-of-persian-punica-granatum-l-against-candida-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3331</span> Effects of Culture Conditions on the Adhesion of Yeast Candida spp. and Pichia spp. to Stainless Steel with Different Polishing and Their Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ru%C5%BEica%20Tomi%C4%8Di%C4%87">Ružica Tomičić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zorica%20Tomi%C4%8Di%C4%87"> Zorica Tomičić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Raspor"> Peter Raspor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An abundant growth of unwanted yeasts in food processing plants can lead to problems in quality and safety with significant financial losses. Candida and Pichia are the genera mainly involved in spoilage of products in the food and beverage industry. These contaminating microorganisms can form biofilms on food contact surfaces, being difficult to eradicate, increasing the probability of microbial survival and further dissemination during food processing. It is well known that biofilms are more resistant to antimicrobial agents compared to planktonic cells and this makes them difficult to eliminate. Among the strategies used to overcome resistance to antifungal drugs and preservatives, the use of natural substances such as plant extracts has shown particular promise, and many natural substances have been found to exhibit antifungal properties. This study aimed to investigated the impact of growth medium (Malt Extract broth (MEB) or Yeast Peptone Dextrose (YPD) broth) and temperatures (7°C, 37°C, 43°C for Candida strains and 7°C, 27°C, 32°C for Pichia strains) on the adhesion of Candida spp. and Pichia spp. to stainless steel (AISI 304) discs with different degrees of surface roughness (Ra = 25.20 – 961.9 nm), a material commonly used in the food industry. We also evaluated the antifungal and antiadhesion activity of plant extracts such as Humulus lupulus, Alpinia katsumadai and Evodia rutaecarpa against C. albicans, C glabrata and P. membranifaciens and investigated whether these plant extracts can interfere with biofilm formation. The adhesion was assessed by the crystal violet staining method, while the broth microdilution method CLSI M27-A3 was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of plant extracts. Our results indicated that the nutrient content of the medium significantly influenced the amount of adhered cells of the tested yeasts. The growth medium which resulted in a higher adhesion of C. albicans and C. glabrata was MEB, while for C. parapsilosis and C. krusei was YPD. In the case of P. pijperi and P. membranifaciens, YPD broth was more effective in promoting adhesion than MEB. Regarding the effect of temperature, C. albicans strain adhered to stainless steel surfaces in significantly higher level at a temperature of 43°C, while on the other hand C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. krusei showed a different behavior with significantly higher adhesion at 37°C than at 7°C and 43°C. Further, the adherence ability of Pichia strains was highest at 27°C. Based on the MIC values, all plant extracts exerted significant antifungal effects with MIC values ranged from 100 to 400 μg/mL. It was observed that biofilm of C. glabrata were more resistance to plant extracts as compared to C. albicans. However, extracts of A. katsumadai and E. rutaecarpa promoted the growth and development of the preformed biofilm of P. membranifaciens. Thus, the knowledge of how these microorganisms adhere and which factors affect this phenomenon is of great importance in order to avoid their colonization on food contact surfaces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title="adhesion">adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20spp." title=" Candida spp."> Candida spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pichia%20spp." title=" Pichia spp."> Pichia spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20extracts" title=" plant extracts"> plant extracts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171715/effects-of-culture-conditions-on-the-adhesion-of-yeast-candida-spp-and-pichia-spp-to-stainless-steel-with-different-polishing-and-their-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3330</span> A Genetic Identification of Candida Species Causing Intravenous Catheter-Associated Candidemia in Heart Failure Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Reza%20Aghili">Seyed Reza Aghili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahereh%20Shokohi"> Tahereh Shokohi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirin%20Sadat%20Hashemi%20Fesharaki"> Shirin Sadat Hashemi Fesharaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Ali%20Boroumand"> Mohammad Ali Boroumand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahar%20Salmanian"> Bahar Salmanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Intravenous catheter-associated fungal infection as nosocomial infection continue to be a deep problem among hospitalized patients, decreasing quality of life and adding healthcare costs. The capacity of catheters in the spread of candidemia in heart failure patients is obvious. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and genetic identification of Candida species in heart disorder patients. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in Tehran Hospital of Cardiology Center (Tehran, Iran, 2014) during 1.5 years on the patients hospitalized for at least 7 days and who had central or peripheral vein catheter. Culture of catheters, blood and skin of the location of catheter insertion were applied for detecting Candida colonies in 223 patients. Identification of Candida species was made on the basis of a combination of various phenotypic methods and confirmed by sequencing the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region amplified from the genomic DNA using PCR and the NCBI BLAST. Results: Of the 223 patients samples tested, we identified totally 15 Candida isolates obtained from 9 (4.04%) catheter cultures, 3 (1.35%) blood cultures and 2 (0.90%) skin cultures of the catheter insertion areas. On the base of ITS region sequencing, out of nine Candida isolates from catheter, 5(55.6%) C. albicans, 2(22.2%) C. glabrata, 1(11.1%) C. membranifiaciens and 1 (11.1%) C. tropicalis were identified. Among three Candida isolates from blood culture, C. tropicalis, C. carpophila and C. membranifiaciens were identified. Non-candida yeast isolated from one blood culture was Cryptococcus albidus. One case of C. glabrata and one case of Candida albicans were isolated from skin culture of the catheter insertion areas in patients with positive catheter culture. In these patients, ITS region of rDNA sequence showed a similarity between Candida isolated from the skin and catheter. However, the blood samples of these patients were negative for fungal growth. We report two cases of catheter-related candidemia caused by C. membranifiaciens and C. tropicalis on the base of genetic similarity of species isolated from blood and catheter which were treated successfully with intravenous fluconazole and catheter removal. In phenotypic identification methods, we could only identify C. albicans and C. tropicalis and other yeast isolates were diagnosed as Candida sp. Discussion: Although more than 200 species of Candida have been identified, only a few cause diseases in humans. There is some evidence that non-albicans infections are increasing. Many risk factors, including prior antibiotic therapy, use of a central venous catheter, surgery, and parenteral nutrition are considered to be associated with candidemia in hospitalized heart failure patients. Identifying the route of infection in candidemia is difficult. Non-albicans candida as the cause of candidemia is increasing dramatically. By using conventional method, many non-albicans isolates remain unidentified. So, using more sensitive and specific molecular genetic sequencing to clarify the aspects of epidemiology of the unknown candida species infections is essential. The positive blood and catheter cultures for candida isolates and high percentage of similarity of their ITS region of rDNA sequence in these two patients confirmed the diagnosis of intravenous catheter-associated candidemia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catheter-associated%20infections" title="catheter-associated infections">catheter-associated infections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20failure%20patient" title=" heart failure patient"> heart failure patient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20genetic%20sequencing" title=" molecular genetic sequencing"> molecular genetic sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ITS%20region%20of%20rDNA" title=" ITS region of rDNA"> ITS region of rDNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candidemia" title=" Candidemia"> Candidemia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60303/a-genetic-identification-of-candida-species-causing-intravenous-catheter-associated-candidemia-in-heart-failure-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3329</span> Challenging Clinical Scenario of Blood Stream Candida Infections – An Indian Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Uma%20Devi">P. Uma Devi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sujith"> S. Sujith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Rahul"> K. Rahul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20S.%20Dipu"> T. S. Dipu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Anil%20Kumar"> V. Anil Kumar </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidya%20Menon"> Vidya Menon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Candida is an important cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs), causing significant mortality and morbidity. The epidemiology of Candida infection is also changing, mainly in relation to the number of episodes caused by species Candida non-albicans. However, in India, the true burden of candidemia is not clear. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the clinical characteristics, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility and outcome of candidemia at our hospital. Methodology: Between January 2012 and April 2014, adult patients with at least one positive blood culture for Candida species were identified through the microbiology laboratory database (for each patient only the first episode of candidemia was recorded). Patient data was collected by retrospective chart review of clinical characteristics including demographic data, risk factors; species distribution, resistance to antifungals and survival. Results: A total of 165 episodes of Candida BSI were identified, with 115 episodes occurring in adult patients. Most of the episodes occurred in males (69.6%). Nearly 82.6% patients were between 41 to 80 years and majority of the patients were in the intensive care unit (65.2%) at the time of diagnosis. On admission, 26.1% and 18.3% patients had pneumonia and urinary tract infection, respectively. Majority of the candidemia episodes were found in the general medicine department (23.5%) followed by gastrointestinal surgery (13.9%) and medical oncology & haematology (13%). Risk factors identified were prior hospitalization within one year (83.5%), antibiotic therapy within the last one month (64.3%), indwelling urinary catheter (63.5%), central venous catheter use (59.1%), diabetes mellitus (53%), severe sepsis (45.2%), mechanical ventilation (43.5%) and surgery (36.5%). C. tropicalis (30.4%) was the leading cause of infection followed by C. parapsilosis (28.7%) and C. albicans (13%). Other non-albicans species isolated included C. haemulonii (7.8%), C. glabrata (7%), C. famata (4.3%) and C. krusei (1.7%). Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole was 87.9% (C. parapsilosis), 100% (C. tropicalis) and 93.3% (C. albicans). Mortality was noted in 51 patients (44.3%). Early mortality (within 7 days) was noted in 32 patients while late mortality (between 7 and 30 days) was noted in 19 patients. Conclusion: In recent years, candidemia has been flourishing in critically ill patients. Comparison of data from our own hospital from 2005 shows a doubling of the incidence. Rapid changes in the rate of infection, potential risk factors, and emergence of non-albicans Candida demand continued surveillance of this serious BSI. High index of suspicion and sensitive diagnostics are essential to improve outcomes in resource limited settings with emergence of non-albicans Candida. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungal%20susceptibility" title="antifungal susceptibility">antifungal susceptibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20albicans" title=" candida albicans"> candida albicans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candidemia" title=" candidemia"> candidemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-albicans%20candida" title=" non-albicans candida"> non-albicans candida</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29428/challenging-clinical-scenario-of-blood-stream-candida-infections-an-indian-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29428.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3328</span> Prevalence and Comparison for Detection Methods of Candida Species in Vaginal Specimens from Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Saudi Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yazeed%20Al-Sheikh">Yazeed Al-Sheikh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pregnancy represents a risk factor in the occurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis. To investigate the prevalence rate of vaginal carriage of Candida species in Saudi pregnant and non-pregnant women, high vaginal swab (HVS) specimens (707) were examined by direct microscopy (10% KOH and Giemsa staining) and parallel cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) as well as on “CHROM agar Candida” medium. As expected, Candida-positive cultures were frequently observed in pregnant-test group (24%) than in non-pregnant group (17%). The frequency of culture positive was correlated to pregnancy (P=0.047), parity (P=0.001), use of contraceptive (P=0.146), or antibiotics (P=0.128), and diabetic-patients (P < 0.0001). Out of 707 HVS examined specimens, 157 specimens were yeast-positive culture (22%) on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar or “CHROM agar Candida”. In comparison, the sensitivities of the direct 10% KOH and the Giemsa stain microscopic examination methods were 84% (132/157) and 95% (149/157) respectively but both with 100% specificity. As for the identity of recovered 157 yeast isolates, based on API 20C biotype carbohydrate assimilation, germ tube and chlamydospore formation, C. albicansand C. glabrata constitute 80.3 and 12.7% respectively. Rates of C. tropicalis, C. kefyr, C. famata or C. utilis were 2.6, 1.3, and 0.6% respectively. Sachromyces cerevisiae and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa yeasts were also encountered at a frequency of 1.3 and 0.6% respectively. Finally, among all recovered 157 yeast-isolates, strains resistant to ketoconazole were not detected, whereas 5% of the C. albicans and as high as 55% of the non-albicans yeast isolates (majority C. glabrata) showed resistance to fluconazole. Our findings may prove helpful for continuous determination of the existing vaginal candidiasis causative species during pregnancy, its lab-diagnosis and/or control and possible measures to minimize the incidence of the disease-associated pre-term delivery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaginal%20candidiasis" title="vaginal candidiasis">vaginal candidiasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20spp." title=" Candida spp."> Candida spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=API%2020C-yeast%20biotypes" title=" API 20C-yeast biotypes"> API 20C-yeast biotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=giemsa%20stain" title=" giemsa stain"> giemsa stain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifungal%20agents" title=" antifungal agents"> antifungal agents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3375/prevalence-and-comparison-for-detection-methods-of-candida-species-in-vaginal-specimens-from-pregnant-and-non-pregnant-saudi-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3327</span> Colonization of Candida Albicans on 3D Printed CAD/CAM Complete Denture Versus Conventional Complete Denture: Randomized Controlled Clinical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Helal">Eman Helal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Esmat"> Ahmed M. Esmat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Statement of problem: The development of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin dentures has simplified complete denture production. Most of the studies evaluated the mechanical properties of the material, but the hygienic performance of the CAD /CAM denture and their ability to maintain clean surfaces and minimize bacterial accumulation is still lacking. Purpose evaluation of the antibacterial characteristics of the 3D printed CAD/CAM denture and to compare it with the conventional heat polymerized acrylic denture base material. Methodology a total of thirty completely edentulous patients grouped randomly into two groups (Group I: Control group) received conventional heat polymerized acrylic resin complete dentures, (Group II: Test group) received 3D printed (CAD/CAM) dentures (stereolithographic PMMA), Samples of Candida albicans culture swabs were taken after 1 month and 3 months of dentures` insertion. A culture swab was obtained by scrubbing the fitting surface of the upper denture. At each time interval, three swab samples were collected from each patient and were inoculated in three individual culture media. Results: there was a significant difference in the colonization of Candida albicans to the fitting surface of the dentures between both groups (Group I: Conventional denture cases) exhibited more adhesion of Candida Albicans to the fitting surface than did (Group II: CAD/CAM cases) (P<0.05). Conclusion: 3D printed CAD/CAM complete denture showed minimal Candida adherence upon upper denture fitting compared to conventional heat-polymerized acrylic resin, which contributes to decreasing the incidence of denture stomatitis which is considered one of the most common problems among complete denture wearers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD%2FCAM%20denture" title="CAD/CAM denture">CAD/CAM denture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=completely%20edentulous" title=" completely edentulous"> completely edentulous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly%20patients" title=" elderly patients"> elderly patients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20efficiency" title=" antimicrobial efficiency"> antimicrobial efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20denture" title=" conventional denture"> conventional denture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMMA" title=" PMMA"> PMMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20Albicans" title=" Candida Albicans"> Candida Albicans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=denture%20stomatitis" title=" denture stomatitis"> denture stomatitis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145127/colonization-of-candida-albicans-on-3d-printed-cadcam-complete-denture-versus-conventional-complete-denture-randomized-controlled-clinical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3326</span> The Antagonistic/Synergistic Effect of Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii on Candida glabrata Adhesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zorica%20Tomi%C4%8Di%C4%87">Zorica Tomičić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ru%C5%BEica%20Tomi%C4%8Di%C4%87"> Ružica Tomičić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Raspor"> Peter Raspor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Growing resistance of pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata to many classes of antifungal drugs has stimulated efforts to discover new agents to combat a rising number of invasive C. glabrata infections, which deserves a great deal of concern due to the high mortality rate in immunocompromised populations. One promising strategy is the use of probiotic microorganisms, which, when administered in adequate amounts, confers a health benefit. A selected number of probiotic organisms, Saccharomyces boulardii among them, have been tested as potential biotherapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the probiotic yeast S. boulardii on the adhesion of clinical isolates of C. glabrata at different temperatures, pH values, and in the presence of three clinically important antifungal drugs, such as fluconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B. The method used to assess adhesion was crystal violet staining. The selection of antimycotics concentrations used in the adhesion assay was based on minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) obtained by the preliminarily performed microdilution modification of the Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeast (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), standard M27-A2). the results showed that despite the nonadhesiveness of S. boulardii cells, probiotic yeast significantly suppressed the adhesion of C. glabrata strains. Besides, at specific strain ratios, a slight stimulatory effect was observed in some C. glabrata strains, which highlights the importance of strain specificity and opens up further research interests. When environmental conditions are considered, temperature and pH significantly influenced co-culture adhesion of C. glabrata and S. boulardii. The adhesion of C. glabrata strains was relatively equally reduced over all tested temperature range (28°C, 37°C, 39°C and 42°C) in the presence of S. boulardii cells, while the adhesion of a few C. glabrata strains were significantly stimulated at 28°C and suppressed at 42°C. Further, the adhesion was highly dependent on pH, with the highest adherence at pH 4 and lowest at pH 8.5. It was observed that S. boulardii did not manage to suppress the adhesion of C. glabrata strains at high pH. Antimycotics on the other hand showed a greater impact, since S. boulardii failed to affect co-culture adhesion at higher antimycotics concentrations. As expected, exposure to various concentrations of amphotericin B significantly reduced the adherence ability of C.glabrata strains both in a single culture and co-culture with S. boulardii. Therefore, it can be speculated that S. boulardii could substitute the effect of antimycotics in a range concentrations and with specific type of strains. This would certainly change the view on the treatment of yeast infections in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title="adhesion">adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimycotics" title=" antimycotics"> antimycotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20glabrata" title=" candida glabrata"> candida glabrata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saccharomyces%20boulardii" title=" saccharomyces boulardii"> saccharomyces boulardii</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171716/the-antagonisticsynergistic-effect-of-probiotic-yeast-saccharomyces-boulardii-on-candida-glabrata-adhesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171716.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3325</span> Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles, Their Toxicity and Biomedical Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiran%20Shehzadi">Kiran Shehzadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmeen%20Akhtar"> Yasmeen Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mujahid%20Ameen"> Mujahid Ameen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabinda%20Ijaz"> Tabinda Ijaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoukat%20Siddique"> Shoukat Siddique</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanoparticles, due to their different sizes and morphologies, are employed in various fields such as the medical field, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, textile industry as well as in paints, adhesives, and electronics. Metal nanoparticles exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity, dye degradation and can be used as anti-cancerous drug loading agents. In this study, sZilver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized employing doxycycline (antibiotic) as a reducing and capping agent (biological/green synthesis). Produced Ag-NPS were characterized using UV/VIS spectrophotometry, XRD, SEM, and FTIR. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of silver nanoparticles was observed at 411nm with 90nm size with homogenized spherical shape. These particles revealed good inhibition zones for Fungi such as Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. In this study, toxic properties of Ag-NPs were monitored by allowing them to penetrate in the cell, causing an abrupt increase in oxidative stress, which resulted ultimately in cell death. Histopathological analysis of mice organs was performed by administering definite concentrations of silver nanoparticles orally to mice for 14 days. Toxic properties were determined, and it was revealed that the toxicity of silver nanoparticles mainly depends on the size. Silver nanoparticles of this work presented mild toxicity for different organs (liver, kidney, spleen, heart, and stomach) of mice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20nanoparticles" title="metal nanoparticles">metal nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%2Fbiological%20methods" title=" green/biological methods"> green/biological methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20albicans" title=" Candida albicans"> Candida albicans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Candida%20tropicalis" title=" Candida tropicalis"> Candida tropicalis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135401/green-synthesis-of-silver-nanoparticles-their-toxicity-and-biomedical-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3324</span> Novel Steviosides Analogs Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Malki">Ahmed Malki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Breast cancer has been identified as the most lethal form of cancer today. In our study, we designed and screened 16 steviosides derivatives for their cytotoxic activities in MCF-7human breast cancer cells and normal MCF-12a cells. Our data indicated that steviosides derivatives 9 and 15 decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells more thannormal breast cells epithelial cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that both steviosides, derivatives 9 and 15 arrested the MCF-7 cells in G1 phase, which is further confirmed by the increased expression level of p21. Moreover, both steviosides derivatives increased caspase-9 activity, and the induction of apoptosis was significantly reduced after treating cells with caspase-9 inhibitor LEHD-CHO. Both steviosides derivatives increased Caspase 3 activities and induced Parp-1 cleavage in H1299 cells. Based on previous results, we have identified two novel steviosides derivatives which provoked apoptosis in breast cancer cells by arresting cells in G1 phase and increasing caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities which merits further development and investigations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steviosides" title="steviosides">steviosides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title=" breast cancer"> breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p53" title=" p53"> p53</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20cycle" title=" cell cycle"> cell cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149701/novel-steviosides-analogs-induced-apoptosis-in-breast-cancers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3323</span> Comparison of the Performance of GaInAsSb and GaSb Cells under Different Temperature Blackbody Radiations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liangliang%20Tang">Liangliang Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Xu"> Chang Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xingying%20Chen"> Xingying Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> GaInAsSb cells probably show better performance than GaSb cells in low-temperature thermophotovoltaic systems due to lower bandgap; however, few experiments proved this phenomenon so far. In this paper, numerical simulation is used to evaluate GaInAsSb and GaSb cells with similar structures under different radiation temperatures. We found that GaInAsSb cells with n-type emitters show slightly higher output power densities compared with that of GaSb cells with n-type emitters below 1,550 K-blackbody radiation, and the power density of the later cells will suppress the formers above this temperature point. During the temperature range of 1,000~2,000 K, the efficiencies of GaSb cells are about twice of GaInAsSb cells if perfect filters are used to prevent the emission of the non-absorbed long wavelength photons. Several parameters that affect the GaInAsSb cell were analyzed, such as doping profiles, thicknesses of GaInAsSb epitaxial layer and surface recombination velocity. The non-p junctions, i.e., n-type emitters are better for GaInAsSb cell fabrication, which is similar to that of GaSb cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermophotovoltaic%20cell" title="thermophotovoltaic cell">thermophotovoltaic cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GaSb" title=" GaSb"> GaSb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GaInAsSb" title=" GaInAsSb"> GaInAsSb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffused%20emitters" title=" diffused emitters"> diffused emitters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50509/comparison-of-the-performance-of-gainassb-and-gasb-cells-under-different-temperature-blackbody-radiations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3322</span> Studying the Anti-Cancer Effects of Thymoquinone on Tumor Cells Through Natural Killer Cells Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouf%20A.%20Aldarmahi">Nouf A. Aldarmahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesrin%20I.%20Tarbiah"> Nesrin I. Tarbiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuha%20A.%20Alkhattabi"> Nuha A. Alkhattabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huda%20F.%20Alshaibi"> Huda F. Alshaibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nigella sativa which is known as dark cumin is a well-known example for a widely applicable herbal medicine. Nigella sativa can be effective in a variety of diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, bronchitis, gastrointestinal upset, and cancer. The anticancer effect of Nigella sativa appeared to be mediated by immune-modulatory effect through stimulating human natural killer (NK) cells. This is a type of lymphocytes which is part of the innate immunity, also known as the first line of defense in the body against pathogens. This study investigated the effect of thymoquinone as a major component of Nigella sativa on the molecular cytotoxic pathway of NK cell and the role of thymoquinone therapeutic effect on NK cells. NK cells were cultured with breast tumor cells in different ways and cultured media was collected and the concentration of perforin, granzyme B and interferon-α were measured by ELISA. The cytotoxic effect of NK cells on breast tumor cells was enhanced in the presence of thymoquinone, with increased activity of perforin in NK cells. This improved anticancer effect of thymoquinone on breast cancer cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title="breast cancer">breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20cells" title=" cancer cells"> cancer cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20killer%20cells" title=" natural killer cells"> natural killer cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thymoquinone" title=" thymoquinone"> thymoquinone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149104/studying-the-anti-cancer-effects-of-thymoquinone-on-tumor-cells-through-natural-killer-cells-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3321</span> Umbilical Cord-Derived Cells in Corneal Epithelial Regeneration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Mahmud%20Reza">Hasan Mahmud Reza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extensive studies of the human umbilical cord, both basic and translational, over the last three decades have unveiled a plethora of information. The cord lining harbors at least two phenotypically different multipotent stem cells: mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cord lining epithelial stem cells (CLECs). These cells exhibit a mixed genetic profiling of both embryonic and adult stem cells, hence display a broader stem features than cells from other sources. We have observed that umbilical cord-derived cells are immunologically privileged and non-tumorigenic by animal study. These cells are ethically acceptable, thus provides a significant advantage over other stem cells. The high proliferative capacity, viability, differentiation potential, and superior harvest of these cells have made them better candidates in comparison to contemporary adult stem cells. Following 30 replication cycles, these cells have been observed to retain their stemness, with their phenotype and karyotype intact. Transplantation of bioengineered CLEC sheets in limbal stem cell-deficient rabbit eyes resulted in regeneration of clear cornea with phenotypic expression of the normal cornea-specific epithelial cytokeratin markers. The striking features of low immunogenicity protecting self along with co-transplanted allografts from rejection largely define the transplantation potential of umbilical cord-derived stem cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cord%20lining%20epithelial%20stem%20cells" title="cord lining epithelial stem cells">cord lining epithelial stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesenchymal%20stem%20cell" title=" mesenchymal stem cell"> mesenchymal stem cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20medicine" title=" regenerative medicine"> regenerative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=umbilical%20cord" title=" umbilical cord"> umbilical cord</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117218/umbilical-cord-derived-cells-in-corneal-epithelial-regeneration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3320</span> Studies On Triazole Resistant Candida Albicans Expressing ERG11 Gene Among Adult Females In Abakaliki; Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agumah%20N.%20B.%20Orji">Agumah N. B. Orji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20U."> M. U.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oru%20C.%20M."> Oru C. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ugbo"> Ugbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20N."> E. N.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onwuliri%20E.%20A%20Nwakaeze"> Onwuliri E. A Nwakaeze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20A."> E. A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q="></a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ERG11 gene has been reported to be one of the genes whose expression is responsible for resistance of Candida to various triazole drugs, which are first line treatment for candidiasis. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Triazole (Fluconazole and voriconazole) resistant Candida albicans expressing ERG11 gene from adult females in Abakaliki. Urine and vaginal swab samples were randomly collected from volunteers after obtaining their consent to participate in the study. A total of 565 adult females participated in the study. A total of 340 urine specimens and 288 vaginal swab specimens were collected. Direct wet mount technique, as well as culture in Trichomonas broth, were used to examine the urine and vaginal swab specimens for the presence of motile Trichomonads. The Trichomonas broth used was selective for both T. vaginalis and C. albicans. Broths that yielded budding yeast cells after microscopy were subcultured on to Sabouraud dextrose agar, after which Germ tube test was carried out to confirm the presence of C. albicans. Biochemical tests, including carbohydrate fermentation and urease utilization, were also performed. Antibiogram of C. albicans isolates obtained from this study was carried out using commercially available azole drugs. Fluconazole and voriconazole were selected as Triazole drugs used for this study. Nystatin was used as a tangential control. An MIC test was carried out with E-strips on some of the resistant C. albicans isolates A total of 6 isolates that resisted all the azole drugs were selected and screened for the presence of ERG11 gene using Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique. The total prevalence recorded for C. albicans was 13.0%. Frequency was statistically higher in Pregnant (7.96%) than non pregnant (5.09%) volunteers (X2=0.94 at P=0.05). With respect to clinical samples, frequency was higher in vaginal swabs samples (7.96%) than Urine samples (5.09%) (X2=9.05 at P=0.05). Volunteers within the age group 26-30 years recorded the highest prevalence (4.46%), while those within the age group 36-40 years recorded the lowest at 1.27%(X2=4.34 at P=0.05). In pregnant female participants, the highest frequency was recorded with those in their 3rd trimester (4.14%), while lowest incidence was recorded for those in their first trimester (0.80%). Antibiogram results from this study showed that C. albicans isolates obtained from this study resisted Fluconazole (72%) more than Voriconazole (57%). Only one out of the six selected isolates yielded resistance in the MIC test. Results obtained from the RT-PCR showed that there was no expression of ERG11 gene among the fluconazole resistant isolates of C. albicans. Observed resistance may be due to other factors other than expression of ERG11 gene. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida" title="candida">candida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ERG11" title=" ERG11"> ERG11</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triazole" title=" triazole"> triazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nigeria" title=" nigeria"> nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144325/studies-on-triazole-resistant-candida-albicans-expressing-erg11-gene-among-adult-females-in-abakaliki-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3319</span> Activation of TNF-α from Human Endothelial Cells by Exposure of the Mitochondrial Stress Protein (Hsp60) Secreted from THP-1 Monocytes to High Glucose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryan%20D.%20Martinus">Ryan D. Martinus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inflammation of the endothelium is an important process leading to diabetic atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which diabetes contributes to endothelial inflammation remain to be established. Using In-vitro cultured Human cells and Hsp60 specific ELISA assays, we show that Hsp60 is not only induced in Human monocyte cells under hyperglycaemic conditions but that the Hsp60 is also secreted from these cells. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that the Hsp60 secreted from these monocyte cells is also able to activate Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) from Human endothelial cells. This suggests that a potential link may exist between the hyperglycaemia-induced expression of Hsp60 in monocyte cells and vascular inflammation. Circulating levels of Hsp60 due to mitochondrial stress in diabetes patients could, therefore, be an important modulator of inflammation in endothelial cells and thus contribute to the increased incidences of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitochondria" title="mitochondria">mitochondria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsp60" title=" Hsp60"> Hsp60</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title=" diabetes mellitus"> diabetes mellitus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107492/activation-of-tnf-a-from-human-endothelial-cells-by-exposure-of-the-mitochondrial-stress-protein-hsp60-secreted-from-thp-1-monocytes-to-high-glucose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3318</span> Antigen-Presenting Cell Characteristics of Human γδ T Lymphocytes in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piamsiri%20Sawaisorn">Piamsiri Sawaisorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tienrat%20%20Tangchaikeeree"> Tienrat Tangchaikeeree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waraporn%20Chan-On"> Waraporn Chan-On</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaniya%20Leepiyasakulchai"> Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachanee%20Udomsangpetch"> Rachanee Udomsangpetch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suradej%20Hongeng"> Suradej Hongeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kulachart%20Jangpatarapongsa"> Kulachart Jangpatarapongsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes are regarded as promising effector cells for cancer immunotherapy since they have the ability to eliminate several tumor cells through non-peptide antigen recognition and non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction. An issue of recent interest is the capability to activate γδ T cells by use of a group of drugs, such as pamidronate, that cause accumulation of phosphoantigen which is recognized by γδ T cell receptors. Moreover, their antigen presenting cell-like phenotype and function have been confirmed in many clinical trials. In this study, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells derived from normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells were activated with pamidronate and the expanded Vγ9Vδ2 T cells can recognize and kill chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells treated with pamidronate through their cytotoxic activity. To support the strong role played by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells against cancer, we provide the evidence that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells activated with CML cell lysate antigen can efficiently express antigen presenting cell (APC) phenotype and function. In conclusion, pamidronate can be used in intentional activation of human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and can increase the susceptibility of CML cells to cytotoxicity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. The activated Vγ9Vδ2 T cells by cancer cells lysate can show their APC characteristics, and so greatly increase the interest in exploring their therapeutic potential in hematologic malignancy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B3%CE%B4%20T%20lymphocytes" title="γδ T lymphocytes">γδ T lymphocytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antigen-presenting%20cells" title=" antigen-presenting cells"> antigen-presenting cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20myeloid%20leukemia" title=" chronic myeloid leukemia"> chronic myeloid leukemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunotherapy" title=" immunotherapy"> immunotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103440/antigen-presenting-cell-characteristics-of-human-ghd-t-lymphocytes-in-chronic-myeloid-leukemia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3317</span> Isolation, Characterization and Myogenic Differentiation of Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Y.%20Meligy">Fatma Y. Meligy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The objectives of this study aimed to isolate and characterize mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from synovial membrane. Then to assess the potentiality of myogenic differentiation of these isolated MSCs. Methods: The MSCs were isolated from synovial membrane by digestion method. Three adult rats were used. The 5 -azacytidine was added to the cultured cells for one day. The isolated cells and treated cells are assessed using immunoflouresence, flowcytometry, PCR and real time PCR. Results: The isolated stem cells showed morphological aspect of stem cells they showed strong positivity to CD44 and CD90 in immunoflouresence while in CD34 and CD45 showed negative reaction. The treated cells with 5-azacytidine was shown to have positive reaction for desmin. Flowcytometric analysis showed that synovial MSCs had strong positive percentage for CD44(%98)and CD90 (%97) and low percentage for CD34 & CD45 while the treated cells showed positive percentage for myogenic marker myogenin (85%). As regard the PCR and Real time PCR, the treated cells showed positive reaction to the desmin primer. Conclusion: The adult MSCs were isolated successfully from synovial membrane and characterized with stem cell markers. The isolated cells could be differentiated in vitro into myogenic cells. These differentiated cells could be used in auto-replacement of diseased or traumatized muscle cells as a regenerative therapy for muscle disorders and trauma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesenchymal%20stem%20cells" title="mesenchymal stem cells">mesenchymal stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synovial%20membrane" title=" synovial membrane"> synovial membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myogenic%20differentiation" title=" myogenic differentiation "> myogenic differentiation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29107/isolation-characterization-and-myogenic-differentiation-of-synovial-mesenchymal-stem-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=111">111</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=112">112</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candida%20cells&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> 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