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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Finlandiar_mitologiaren_azterketa_eta_historia_erlijiosoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finlandiar_mitologiaren_azterketa_eta_historia_erlijiosoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Finlandiar mitologiaren azterketa eta historia erlijiosoa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finlandiar_mitologiaren_azterketa_eta_historia_erlijiosoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Munduaren_jatorria_eta_egitura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Munduaren_jatorria_eta_egitura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Munduaren jatorria eta egitura</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Munduaren_jatorria_eta_egitura-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Munduaren jatorria eta egitura azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Munduaren_jatorria_eta_egitura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lintukoto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lintukoto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Lintukoto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lintukoto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tuonela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tuonela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Tuonela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tuonela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pohjola" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pohjola"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Pohjola</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pohjola-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kalevala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kalevala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Kalevala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kalevala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finlandiar_panteoia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finlandiar_panteoia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Finlandiar panteoia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Finlandiar_panteoia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Finlandiar panteoia azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Finlandiar_panteoia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ukko,_jainko_nagusia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukko,_jainko_nagusia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ukko, jainko nagusia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukko,_jainko_nagusia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beste_jainko_nabarmenak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beste_jainko_nabarmenak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Beste jainko nabarmenak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beste_jainko_nabarmenak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izaki_magikoak,_iratxoak,_izpirituak_eta_bestelakoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izaki_magikoak,_iratxoak,_izpirituak_eta_bestelakoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Izaki magikoak, iratxoak, izpirituak eta bestelakoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izaki_magikoak,_iratxoak,_izpirituak_eta_bestelakoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gizakiak_eta_heroiak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gizakiak_eta_heroiak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Gizakiak eta heroiak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gizakiak_eta_heroiak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Finlandiar mitologia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 27 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interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="ঐতিহাসিক ভৌগোলিক পদ্ধতি – assamera" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ঐতিহাসিক ভৌগোলিক পদ্ধতি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Карел-фин мифологияһы – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Карел-фин мифологияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B0-%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Карэла-фінская міфалогія – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Карэла-фінская міфалогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitologia_finesa" title="Mitologia finesa – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mitologia finesa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finsk%C3%A1_mytologie" title="Finská mytologie – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Finská mytologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnische_Mythologie" title="Finnische Mythologie – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Finnische Mythologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Φινλανδική μυθολογία – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φινλανδική μυθολογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_mythology" title="Finnish mythology – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Finnish mythology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitolog%C3%ADa_finesa" title="Mitología finesa – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mitología finesa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soome_m%C3%BCtoloogia" title="Soome mütoloogia – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Soome mütoloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="اسطوره‌شناسی فنلاندی – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسطوره‌شناسی فنلاندی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suomalainen_mytologia" title="Suomalainen mytologia – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suomalainen mytologia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythologie_finnoise" title="Mythologie finnoise – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mythologie finnoise" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finske_mytology" title="Finske mytology – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Finske mytology" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitolox%C3%ADa_finlandesa" title="Mitoloxía finlandesa – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mitoloxía finlandesa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מיתולוגיה פינית – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיתולוגיה פינית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitologia_finlandese" title="Mitologia finlandese – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mitologia finlandese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="フィンランド神話 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フィンランド神話" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%80%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C_%EC%8B%A0%ED%99%94" title="핀란드 신화 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="핀란드 신화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suomi%C5%B3_mitologija" title="Suomių mitologija – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Suomių mitologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finse_mythologie" title="Finse mythologie – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Finse mythologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitologia_finlandesa" title="Mitologia finlandesa – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mitologia finlandesa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Карело-финская мифология – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карело-финская мифология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finsk_mytologi" title="Finsk mytologi – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Finsk mytologi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fin_mitolojisi" title="Fin mitolojisi – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fin mitolojisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E8%98%AD%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="芬蘭神話 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="芬蘭神話" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Sammon_taonta.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sammon_taonta.PNG/205px-Sammon_taonta.PNG" decoding="async" width="205" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sammon_taonta.PNG/308px-Sammon_taonta.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sammon_taonta.PNG/410px-Sammon_taonta.PNG 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illmarinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Illmarinen (sortu gabe)">Illmarinen</a>, finlandiar panteoiko liderra bere anaia <a href="/wiki/Ukko" title="Ukko">Ukkoren</a> igoera arte, eta ordutik aurrera artisauen liderra, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sammo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sammo (sortu gabe)">sammoa</a> landuz. <a href="/wiki/Akseli_Gallen-Kallela" title="Akseli Gallen-Kallela">Akseli Gallen-Kallela</a>,<i>Sammon tantoa</i>, 1893.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Finlandiar mitologia</b> <a href="/wiki/Finn_etnia" class="mw-redirect" title="Finn etnia">finlandiar herriek</a> kristautasunera bihurtu baino lehen zituzten sinesmenak biltzen dituen <a href="/wiki/Mitologia" title="Mitologia">mitologia</a> da. Erkide zituen ezaugarri ugari —etnia eta hizkuntza aldetik— bere hurbileneko herria zen <a href="/wiki/Estoniar" title="Estoniar">estoniarrekin</a>, baita bere inguruko herri ez uraldarrekin ere, hau da, <a href="/wiki/Herri_baltiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Herri baltiko">herri baltikoekin</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Eskandinavia" title="Eskandinavia">eskandinaviarrekin</a>. Mito horietako asko beste uraldar herri batzuei (hala nola <a href="/wiki/Sami" class="mw-disambig" title="Sami">samiak</a>) estu lotuak zeuden. </p><p>Finlandiar mitologia abestutako olerki mitikoen ahoz ahoko tradizioen eta <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">folklorearen</a> bidez <a href="/wiki/XIX._mendea" title="XIX. mendea">XIX. mendea</a> ondo sartu arte mantendu zen. </p><p>Inguruko kulturen pixkanakako eraginaren ondorioz zeruko jainko baten igoera ekarri zuen arren, <a href="/wiki/Ukko" title="Ukko">Ukko</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finlandiera" title="Finlandiera">finlandieraz</a> Agurea) jainko aita <a href="/wiki/Natura" title="Natura">naturako</a> izpiritu bat baino ez zen, gainontzeko guztiak bezala. Animaliarik sakratuena, honen izena ozen sekula esaten ez zena, <a href="/wiki/Hartz" title="Hartz">hartza</a> zen. Hartza asaben berraragiztatze bezala ikusten zen, eta arrazoi honegatik zenbait eufemismoren bidez deitua zen: <i>mesikämmen</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ezti" title="Ezti">eztizko</a> hanka), <i>otso</i> (bekoki zabala), <i>kontio</i> (lurreko biztanlea). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finlandiar_mitologiaren_azterketa_eta_historia_erlijiosoa">Finlandiar mitologiaren azterketa eta historia erlijiosoa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Finlandiar mitologiaren azterketa eta historia erlijiosoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Finlandiar mitologiaren azterketa eta historia erlijiosoa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mikael_Agricola_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mikael_Agricola_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg/150px-Mikael_Agricola_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mikael_Agricola_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg/225px-Mikael_Agricola_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mikael_Agricola_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg/300px-Mikael_Agricola_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="716" /></a><figcaption>Mikael Agricola, finlandiar gotzain, erreformari protestantea eta misiolaria, finlandiar mitologiari buruzko lehen adierazpenak idatzi zituena.</figcaption></figure> <p>Finlandiar herriaren sinesmenei buruzko lehen aipamena <a href="/wiki/Mikael_Agricola" title="Mikael Agricola">Mikael Agricola</a> gotzain eta erreformari luterandarrak egin zuen <a href="/wiki/Salmo" title="Salmo">salmoen</a> finlandierarako bere itzulpenean. Agricolak <a href="/wiki/Tavastia" title="Tavastia">Häme</a> (suedieraz Tevastia) eta <a href="/wiki/Karelia" title="Karelia">Kareliako</a> ustezko jainko zerrenda bat iruzurtu zuen, eskualde bakoitzetik hamabi, euren funtzioak laburki hitz neurtu eran kontatuak. Komentaristaren batzuek Hämerako soilik hamaika jainko zerrendaratu zirela diote, horien artean Agricolak Piru, Deabrua, aipatu ez zuelarik. Zerrenda hauei esker, Agricola Finlandiako historia erlijiosoaren eta bere mitologiaren aitatzat hartzen da. Ondorengo aditu eta ikasleek sarritan aipatuko zituzten Agricolaren zerrendak iturri historiko bezala. Soilik XIX. mendearen amaieran hasi ziren adituak Agricolaren zerrendako jainkoak eta hauei buruzko informazioa kritikoki aztertzen, ondorengo ikerketen bidez zerrenda horretan agertutako pertsonaia gehienak jainkoak ez zirela ebatziz, baizik eta tokiko izpiritu zaindariak, mitologia herrikoiko pertsonaiak edo elezahar esplanatorioak, heroi kulturalak, izen alternatiboa zuten santu kristauak, eta, kasu batean, uzta garaiko jaialdi bat. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cristfried_Ganander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cristfried Ganander (sortu gabe)">Cristfried Gananderren</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mythologia_Fennica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mythologia Fennica (sortu gabe)">Mythologia Fennica</a> lana, <a href="/wiki/1789" title="1789">1789an</a> argitaratu zena, finlandiar mitologian egin zen lehen barneratze aditu laikoa izan zen. XIX. mendean finlandiar folkloreari buruzko ikerketak bizitu egin ziren. <a href="/wiki/Elias_L%C3%B6nnrot" title="Elias Lönnrot">Elias Lönnrot</a>, J. F. Cajan, M. A. Castrén eta D. E. D. Europaues bezalako adituek Finlandian zehar bidaiatu zuten <i>runo</i> edo olerki eran kantatutako olerkaritza herrikoiak bilduz. Material guzti honetatik abiatuta Lönnrotek <a href="/wiki/Kalevala" title="Kalevala">Kalevala</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanteletar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanteletar (sortu gabe)">Kanteletar</a> argitaratu zituen. XIX. mendean bildutako olerkaritza herrikoi hau, nagusiki, finlandiar herria kristau bihurtu aurreko sinesmen jentilez osatua zegoen, eta adituei finlandiar mitologia xehetasun gehiagoz aztertzea ahalbidetu zien. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Munduaren_jatorria_eta_egitura">Munduaren jatorria eta egitura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Munduaren jatorria eta egitura»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Munduaren jatorria eta egitura"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Suomalaisten_maailma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Suomalaisten_maailma.jpg/220px-Suomalaisten_maailma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Suomalaisten_maailma.jpg/330px-Suomalaisten_maailma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Suomalaisten_maailma.jpg/440px-Suomalaisten_maailma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption>Munduaren egitura finlandiar mitologiaren arabera.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Suomimaailma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Suomimaailma.jpg/220px-Suomimaailma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Suomimaailma.jpg/330px-Suomimaailma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Suomimaailma.jpg/440px-Suomimaailma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="381" /></a><figcaption><br /> <table> <tbody><tr> <td valign="TOP"> <b>A</b> <a href="/wiki/Zeru-esfera" title="Zeru-esfera">Zeru ganga</a><br /> <b>B</b> <a href="/wiki/Iparrizarra" title="Iparrizarra">Ipar Izarra</a><br /> <b>C</b> Zutabea </td> <td width="5"></td> <td valign="TOP"> <b>D</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kinahmi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kinahmi (sortu gabe)">Kinahmi</a>, zurrunbiloa<br /> <b>E</b> Iparraldeko eskualdea, <a href="/wiki/Pohjola" title="Pohjola">Pohjola</a><br /> <b>F</b> Bizitzeko moduko eskualdeak. </td> <td width="5"></td> <td valign="TOP"> <b>G</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lintukoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lintukoto (sortu gabe)">Lintukoto</a>, txorien neguko etxea<br /> <b>H</b> Hildakoen mundua : <a href="/wiki/Tuonela" title="Tuonela">Tuonela</a>, ziuraski lurrazpian </td></tr></tbody></table> </figcaption></figure> <p>Mundua Aythya izeneko <a href="/wiki/Ur" title="Ur">uretako</a> <a href="/wiki/Hegazti" title="Hegazti">hegaztiaren</a> <a href="/wiki/Arrautza" title="Arrautza">arraultza</a> baten eztandaren ondorioz eratu zela uste zen. Zeruari dagokionez, arraultzaren goiko estalkia zela uste zen, eta alternatiboki karpa bat bezala ikusten zen, <a href="/wiki/Iparburua" title="Iparburua">Ipar Poloan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iparrizarra" title="Iparrizarra">Iparrizarraren</a> azpitik zutabe batek eusten zuena. </p><p>Izarren mugimendua zeru gangak bere inguruan eta Ipar Izarraren inguruan zuen errotazioak eragindakoa bezala azaltzen zen. Mitologiaren arabera, zeruko zutabearen errotazioaren ondorioz Ipar Poloan <a href="/wiki/Zurrunbilo" title="Zurrunbilo">zurrunbilo</a> handi bat eratu zen. Zurrunbilo honen bidez, arimak munduaren kanpoaldera, hildakoen lurraldea zen <a href="/wiki/Tuonela" title="Tuonela">Tuonelara</a> joan zitezkeen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lintukoto">Lintukoto</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Lintukoto»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Lintukoto"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lurraren gainazala laua zela uste zen. Mugei <i>lintukoto</i> deitzen zitzaien, "hegaztien etxea"; neguan hegaztiak bizi ziren lurralde epelak omen ziren. <a href="/wiki/Esne_Bidea" title="Esne Bidea">Esne bideari</a> <i>linnunrata</i> zeritzon, "hegaztien bidea", txori migrariek bertan zehar bidaiatzen zutelakoan. </p><p>Txoriek, gainera, bazuten beste funtzio sinbolikorik ere: beste batzuen artean, jaioberrien arimak ekartzen omen zituzten, eta hildakoenak eraman. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tuonela">Tuonela</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Tuonela»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Tuonela"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">Sakontzeko, irakurri: «<a href="/wiki/Tuonela" title="Tuonela">Tuonela</a>»</div> <p>Tuonela hildakoen herrialdea zen, lurpean kokatua segoen eta bertan inork ez omen zuen lorik egiten. <a href="/wiki/Xamanismo" title="Xamanismo">xaman</a> batek bere izpiritua Tuonelan sar zezakeen arbasoei aholkua eskatzeko, baina horretarako ibai ilun bat gurutzatu behar zuen, eta askotan zaindariei hildako arima bat zela sinestarazi. Tuoni eta Tuonetar ziren bertako nagusiak. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pohjola">Pohjola</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Pohjola»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Pohjola"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pohjola iparraldeko lurralde mitologikoen izena da, lurrazalaren erdigunean kokatua (iparraldean, beraz). Elurrez estalitako lurralde hila zen, eta izozte eta eritasunak bertatik omen zetozen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louhi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louhi (sortu gabe)">Louhi</a> sorgina zen bertako nagusi. </p><p>Kalevalan kontatzen den istoriaren zati garrantzitsu bat lurralde honetan gertatzen da. </p><p>Askotan nahasi egiten dira Pohjola eta Tuonela herrialdeen ezaugarriak. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kalevala">Kalevala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kalevala»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Kalevala"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kalev edo Kalevaren lurraldea, edo honen ondorengoen lurraldea da. Gizakien lurraldea izan daiteke, edo finlandiarrena. <a href="/wiki/Kalevala" title="Kalevala">Kalevala</a> Elias Lonnrotek argitaraturiko elezahar bildumaren izena ere bada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finlandiar_panteoia">Finlandiar panteoia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Finlandiar panteoia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Finlandiar panteoia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukko,_jainko_nagusia"><span id="Ukko.2C_jainko_nagusia"></span>Ukko, jainko nagusia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ukko, jainko nagusia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ukko, jainko nagusia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">Sakontzeko, irakurri: «<a href="/wiki/Ukko" title="Ukko">Ukko</a>»</div> <p>Ukko ("agurea"), ortziaren, eguratsaren eta nekazaritzaren jainkoa zen. Panteoiko jainko garrantzitsuena zen. Baltiar mitologiako <a href="/wiki/Perk%C5%ABnas" title="Perkūnas">Perkūnas</a> jainkoarekin (<a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a>-ekin ere lotua dena) edo aitzinako finlandiar panteoiko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmarinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmarinen (sortu gabe)">Ilmarinen</a>, zeruaren jainkoarekin lotura duela uste da. Diotenez, Ukkok Ilmarinen jainkoaren tokia hartu zuen eta azken hau errementari edo hargin bihurtu zen. </p><p>Ukkok ba omen zuen tximistak jaurtitzen zituen arma bat, aizkora, mailua edo ezpata izan zitekeena. Litekeena da jatorriz harrizko aizkora bat izan izana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beste_jainko_nabarmenak">Beste jainko nabarmenak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Beste jainko nabarmenak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Beste jainko nabarmenak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Ahti</b> (edo <b>Ahto</b>), sakontasuneko jainkoa, arrainen emalea.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akka (sortu gabe)">Akka</a></b> (“atsoa”), ugalkortasunaren jainkosa eta Ukkoren emaztea.</li> <li><b>Äkräs</b>, emankortasunaren jainkoa eta barazkien (eta bereziki arbien) babeslea.</li> <li><b>Ilmatar</b> edo <b>Luonnotar</b>, eguratsaren jainkosa, batzuetan munduaren sorkuntzari lotua. Väinämöinen hilkorraren ama zen, Kalevalan ageri denez.</li> <li><b>Kuu</b>, ilargiaren jainkosa (Kuu hitzak "ilargi" esan nahi du).</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mielikki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mielikki (sortu gabe)">Mielikki</a></b>, oihaneko jainkosa eta Tapioren emaztea.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tapio" title="Tapio">Tapio</a></b>, oihaneko jainkoa eta Mielikkiren senarra.</li> <li><b>Tapio eta Mielikkiren seme-alabak</b>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><b>Annikki</b>, basoaren eta amesgaiztoen jainkosa.</li> <li><b>Nyyrikki</b>, ehizaren jainkoa.</li> <li><b>Tellervo</b>, oihaneko jainkosa.</li> <li><b>Tuulikki</b>, oihaneko animalien jainkosa.</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Pekko</b> (edo Pellon Pekko), zerealen jainkoa, garagarra eta garagardoaren babeslea.</li> <li><b>Perkele</b>, deabrua. Jatorriz trumoiarekin lotua zen, kristautasuna heldu arte. Perkunas eta Thorren baliokide zatekeen.</li> <li><b>Pellervo</b> (edo <b>Sampsa Pellervoinen</b>), uztaren jainkoa.</li> <li><b>Päivätär</b>, egunaren jainkoa, finlandierazko <i>päivä</i> (egun) hitzetik dator.</li> <li><b>Rahko</b>, denboraren jainkoa.</li> <li><b>Surma</b>, heriotza bortitzen pertsonifikatzea.</li> <li><b>Saunatonttu</b>, saunaren jainkoa edo babeslea.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tuonetar" title="Tuonetar">Tuonetar</a></b>, Tuoniren alaba eta emazteari ematen zaion izena.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tuoni" title="Tuoni">Tuoni</a></b>, heriotzaren jainkoa, Tuonelako jauna.</li> <li><b>Tuoni eta Tuonetarren seme-alabak:</b> minarekin, gaixotasunekin eta heriotzarekin lotzen dira. Hemen haietako batzuk:</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kipu-tytt%C3%B6" title="Kipu-tyttö">Kipu-Tyttö</a>:</b> "minaren neskatxa" izenekoa, eritasun hilgarrien jainkosa da.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kivutar" title="Kivutar">Kivutar</a></b>, minduen jainkosa, sofrikarioaz errukitzen dena.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Loviatar" title="Loviatar">Loviatar</a></b>, Tuonelako jaunen alaba itsua eta bederatzi izurrien ama.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vammatar" title="Vammatar">Vammatar</a></b>, sufrimentuaren eta eritasunaren jainkosa.</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Turisas</b>, gerraren jainkoa. Eskandinabiar mitologiako Tyr edo germaniarreko Tîwaz jainkoen parekide izan daiteke.</li> <li><b>Vellamo</b>, itsasoaren eta ekaitzen jainkosa eta Ahtiren emaztea.</li> <li><b>Vendemo</b> (“uren ama”), uraren jainkosa.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Izaki_magikoak,_iratxoak,_izpirituak_eta_bestelakoak"><span id="Izaki_magikoak.2C_iratxoak.2C_izpirituak_eta_bestelakoak"></span>Izaki magikoak, iratxoak, izpirituak eta bestelakoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Izaki magikoak, iratxoak, izpirituak eta bestelakoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Izaki magikoak, iratxoak, izpirituak eta bestelakoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ajatar" title="Ajatar">Ajatar</a></b> (edo <b>Ajattara</b>), basoko izpiritu gaiztoa.</li> <li><b>Antero Vipunen</b>, hildako erraldoia, jakituria sekretuen eta magiaren gordailua.</li> <li><b>Hiisi</b>, hasieran oihan sakratu bati egiten zion erreferentzia, eta gerora bertako iratxo edo deabru bati.</li> <li><b>Iku-Turso</b>, itsas piztia gaizto bat. Litekeena da Tursas jainkoaren aldaera bat izatea.</li> <li><b>Jumala</b>, jainko baten izen generikoa. Aitzina zeruari edo jainkorasunari erreferentzia egiten ziola uste da, gerora <i>taivas</i> eta Ukkok ("zeru" hitza eta jainko nagusiaren izena, urrenez urren) arkaiko bihurtu arte. Beranduago krisauen jainkoaz mintzatzeko erabili zuten.</li> <li><b>Kotitonttu</b>, etxearen babeslea.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lempo" title="Lempo">Lempo</a></b>, emankortasunarekin eta maitasunarekin lotzen zen, kristautasunak deabru bihurtu zuen arte.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louhi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louhi (sortu gabe)">Louhi</a></b>, Phjola gobernatzen zuen sorgin boteretsua. Litekeena da Loviatarren aspektuetako bat izatea. Paper garrantzitsua du Kalevalan.</li> <li><b>Menninkäinen</b>, izaki magikoa, iratxo bat.</li> <li><b>Näkki</b>, aintzira, putzu eta zubietako izpiritu beldurgarria.</li> <li><b>Otso</b>, hartzaren izpiritua.</li> <li><b>Pihatonttu</b>, etxe-lurren babeslea.</li> <li><b>Piru</b>, iratxoa edo deabrua.</li> <li><b>Tonttu</b>, babeslea, jatorriz lur landuaren jagolea.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gizakiak_eta_heroiak">Gizakiak eta heroiak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Gizakiak eta heroiak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Gizakiak eta heroiak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilmarinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilmarinen (sortu gabe)">Ilmarinen</a></b>, errementari handia, zerua eraiki zuena. Jatorriz eguratsaren jainkoa omen zen, gero hilkor bihurtua. <a href="/wiki/Sampo" title="Sampo">Sampoa</a>, ugaritasunaren errota, sortu zuena izan zen.</li> <li><b>Joukahainen</b>, Väinämöinen heroiaren arerioetako bat.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Kave edo Kaleva</b>: gizakien lehen buruzagia eta heroien aitalehena. Kalevala izena, gizakien herrialdea izendatzeko erabiltzen dena, hortik dator. "Kalevaren lurraldea" edo "Kalevaren ondorengoak" esan nahi du. Hau ere zeruko jainkoetako omen zen, gerora ilargi zikloari lotu zitzaiona</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Kalevanponka</b> erraldoi bat, basoak erauzi eta larre ikaragarriak segaz berehala motz zitzakeena. Kalevipoeg estoniar heroiaren oso antzekoa da.</li> <li><b>Kullervo</b>, antiheroi tragikoa. Ezbehar asko pairatu eta mendeku goseak itsuturik min asko eragin ondoren, bere buruaz beste egin zuen.</li> <li><b>Lemminkäinen</b> (<b>Ahti Saarelainen</b>, <b>Kaukomieli</b>), ausarkeriak bultzaturik Tuonelara jaitsi eta bertan hil zen heroia. Amak, ordea, semeari bizia itzultzea lortu zuen.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4in%C3%A4m%C3%B6inen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Väinämöinen (sortu gabe)">Väinämöinen</a></b>, agure zahar jakintsua, ahots sendo eta magiaz betea zuena. Istoria askotako protagonista da eta Kalevalako pertsonaia nagusia.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Finlandiar_mitologia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output 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