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class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Andrew Brower" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/37242916/10582884/11812015/s200_andrew.brower.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Andrew Brower</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/">United States Department of Agriculture</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/Departments/APHIS_National_Identification_Services/Documents">APHIS- National Identification Services</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Assistant Director</span></div><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://mtsu.academia.edu/">Middle Tennessee State University</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://mtsu.academia.edu/Departments/Biology/Documents">Biology</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Andrew" data-follow-user-id="37242916" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="37242916"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">89</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">14</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">13</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">Professor of Biology, MTSU. <br />Research interests: molecular systematics of butterflies and systematic principles.<br /><span class="u-fw700">Supervisors: </span>Rick Harrison, Ph.D. Advisor, Cornell University, Section of Ecology and Systematics and Rob Desalle and Jim Miller, postdoctoral advisors, American Museum of Natural History, Department of Entomology<br /><span class="u-fw700">Phone: </span>301-851-2243<br /><b>Address: </b>USDA-APHIS PPQ National Identification Service<br />4700 River Road, Unit 52<br />Riverdale, MD 20737 USA<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37242916">View All (9)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37242916" 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class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Andrew Brower</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="30264624"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/30264624/_p_strong_The_South_Temperate_Pronophilina_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_Satyrinae_strong_strong_a_phylogenetic_hypothesis_redescriptions_and_revisionary_notes_strong_p_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of <p><strong>The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): </strong><strong>a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes</strong></p>" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/30264624/_p_strong_The_South_Temperate_Pronophilina_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_Satyrinae_strong_strong_a_phylogenetic_hypothesis_redescriptions_and_revisionary_notes_strong_p_"><p><strong>The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): </strong><strong>a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes</strong></p></a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://mtsu.academia.edu/JessMatz">Jess Matz</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Zootaxa</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="30264624"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30264624"><i class="fa fa-spinner 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hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/14042952/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44671551/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/14042952/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies">Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://stri.academia.edu/CarlosArias">Carlos Arias</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KarinaSilvabrand%C3%A3o">Karina Silva-brandão</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4dcbf0d514ed497f81c383b1572ec095" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44671551,"asset_id":14042952,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44671551/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="14042952"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14042952"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14042952; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14042952]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14042952]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x 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However, the role of these mountains in the diversification of insects, which dominate biodiversity, has been poorly explored using phylogenetic methods. Here we study the role of the Andes in the evolution of a diverse Neotropical insect group, the clearwing butterflies. We used dated species-level phylogenies to investigate the time course of speciation and to infer ancestral elevation ranges for two diverse genera. We show that both genera likely originated at middle elevations in the Andes in the Middle Miocene, contrasting with most published results in vertebrates that point to a lowland origin. Although we detected a signature of vicariance caused by the uplift of the Andes at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, most sister species were parapatric without any obvious vicariant barrier. Combined with an overall decelerating speciation rate, these results suggest an important role for ecological speciation and adaptive radiation, rather than simple vicariance.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2009,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":44671551},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14042952/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-07-14T10:54:43.897-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":33060262,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":3140132,"work_id":14042952,"tagging_user_id":33060262,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":67645,"email":"m***n@ed.ac.uk","display_order":0,"name":"Mathieu Joron","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":3140143,"work_id":14042952,"tagging_user_id":33060262,"tagged_user_id":426995,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***8@gmail.com","affiliation":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / French National Centre for Scientific Research","display_order":4194304,"name":"Marianne Elias","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":3140144,"work_id":14042952,"tagging_user_id":33060262,"tagged_user_id":37238331,"co_author_invite_id":155237,"email":"k***t@flmnh.ufl.edu","display_order":6291456,"name":"Keith Willmott","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":3140145,"work_id":14042952,"tagging_user_id":33060262,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":84741,"email":"c***s@zoo.cam.ac.uk","display_order":7340032,"name":"C. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/17927157/Alleviating_the_taxonomic_impediment_of_DNA_barcoding_and_setting_a_bad_precedent_names_for_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_Eudaminae_with_DNA_based_diagnoses"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Alleviating the taxonomic impediment of DNA barcoding and setting a bad precedent: names for ten species of ‘Astraptes fulgerator’ (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) with DNA-based diagnoses" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39783195/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17927157/Alleviating_the_taxonomic_impediment_of_DNA_barcoding_and_setting_a_bad_precedent_names_for_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_Eudaminae_with_DNA_based_diagnoses">Alleviating the taxonomic impediment of DNA barcoding and setting a bad precedent: names for ten species of ‘Astraptes fulgerator’ (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) with DNA-based diagnoses</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ten species of the Astraptes fulgerator complex are named and diagnosed based on their mitochondr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ten species of the Astraptes fulgerator complex are named and diagnosed based on their mitochondrial ‘DNA barcode’<br />sequences. A rationale for this rather unorthodox approach to species description is offered, and some philosophical<br />questions about whether or not such descriptions are desirable are addressed. It is emphasized that while these descriptions<br />fix the nomenclatural problem raised by reference to ‘ten species’ in the literature, the application of names to concepts<br />does not corroborate or endorse the biological validity of those concepts.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e7d6eafe0a0463129c4783f2ca7ed0c4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39783195,"asset_id":17927157,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39783195/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17927157"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17927157"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17927157; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17927157]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17927157]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17927157; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17927157']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17927157, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e7d6eafe0a0463129c4783f2ca7ed0c4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17927157]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17927157,"title":"Alleviating the taxonomic impediment of DNA barcoding and setting a bad precedent: names for ten species of ‘Astraptes fulgerator’ (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) with DNA-based diagnoses","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Ten species of the Astraptes fulgerator complex are named and diagnosed based on their mitochondrial ‘DNA barcode’\nsequences. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17823699"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823699/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic Utility of <I>Tektin</I>, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730136/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823699/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera">Phylogenetic Utility of <I>Tektin</I>, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Annals of the Entomological Society of America</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="418b55a2407657b85c1cc1e41c805a39" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39730136,"asset_id":17823699,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730136/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17823699"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17823699"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17823699; 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Here, we investigated an 807-bp region, homologous to the testis-speciÞc Tektin gene from Bombyx mori (L.), in 34 nymphalid butterßy taxa in the subfamilies Ithomiinae, Danainae, and Heliconiinae. Within Ithomiinae, relationships inferred from Tektin sequence data were remarkably similar to those in trees based on combined morphological and ecological data. Partitioned Bremer analysis, with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and II, and nuclear wingless and elongation factor 1-␣ sequences, revealed Tektin to have the greatest utility for inferring relationships at the genus, tribe, and subfamily levels across the studied taxa. We think Tektin will provide a useful source of molecular characters for inference of relationships among other butterßies, and perhaps among other insect taxa.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Annals of the Entomological Society of America","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":39730136},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17823699/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-05T13:57:52.354-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37743564,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":8858730,"work_id":17823699,"tagging_user_id":37743564,"tagged_user_id":37238331,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***t@flmnh.ufl.edu","display_order":0,"name":"Keith Willmott","title":"Phylogenetic Utility of \u003cI\u003eTektin\u003c/I\u003e, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera"},{"id":8858741,"work_id":17823699,"tagging_user_id":37743564,"tagged_user_id":37242916,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***r@mtsu.edu","affiliation":"United States Department of Agriculture","display_order":6291456,"name":"Andrew Brower","title":"Phylogenetic Utility of \u003cI\u003eTektin\u003c/I\u003e, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39730136,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730136/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730136/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39730136/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp-libre.pdf?1446762411=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736548\u0026Signature=G2z6czAHMQjYhVurkG-a7T~ijACvUd7~36~HsUxbkOzjc0f8bwBCMfi3ityja7EhGd3wsTwZ5tHaWRmMJ0g2kZXQTP3vl2Qfnxg3tWHwUEQ9h7QdejDRnmL9r3NEQifMoYTD-1tWzj9O8i4-tMOT9IQPUfaWyC9jlbEtxjPD4szfbEkczRwaZlpMdGfkPJwOX56qAqdMhSw3mGlxC9sW83RJHwNxC9Ux5CtZBK-LQrjXbPWrZJQaUNr1YEqUfpKRlQvzJ5A2~Q~wb3KGvTnmLeMb~tSeX~eR34qGDh2cCywdi2P1SuqcJ4-JOXBGFeGh2Az3zXDbEpVmjX90-Jev9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37743564,"first_name":"Ming-min","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Lee","page_name":"MingminLee","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-05T13:57:06.548-08:00","display_name":"Ming-min Lee","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee"},"attachments":[{"id":39730136,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730136/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730136/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39730136/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp-libre.pdf?1446762411=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736548\u0026Signature=G2z6czAHMQjYhVurkG-a7T~ijACvUd7~36~HsUxbkOzjc0f8bwBCMfi3ityja7EhGd3wsTwZ5tHaWRmMJ0g2kZXQTP3vl2Qfnxg3tWHwUEQ9h7QdejDRnmL9r3NEQifMoYTD-1tWzj9O8i4-tMOT9IQPUfaWyC9jlbEtxjPD4szfbEkczRwaZlpMdGfkPJwOX56qAqdMhSw3mGlxC9sW83RJHwNxC9Ux5CtZBK-LQrjXbPWrZJQaUNr1YEqUfpKRlQvzJ5A2~Q~wb3KGvTnmLeMb~tSeX~eR34qGDh2cCywdi2P1SuqcJ4-JOXBGFeGh2Az3zXDbEpVmjX90-Jev9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology"},{"id":245663,"name":"Molecular phylogenetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_phylogenetics"},{"id":1510986,"name":"Data Partitioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Partitioning"},{"id":1828675,"name":"Bombyx mori","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bombyx_mori"},{"id":1955033,"name":"Cytochrome Oxidase I","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytochrome_Oxidase_I"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17823707"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823707/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Ithomiini_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_inferred_from_one_mitochondrial_and_two_nuclear_gene_regions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic relationships among the Ithomiini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) inferred from one mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730135/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823707/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Ithomiini_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_inferred_from_one_mitochondrial_and_two_nuclear_gene_regions">Phylogenetic relationships among the Ithomiini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) inferred from one mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic Entomology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44394ab9d3fb62200011729e45e28288" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39730135,"asset_id":17823707,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730135/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17823707"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17823707"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17823707; 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mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic Entomology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="efdcfaa5200929fefd5570a41c036e43" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39730134,"asset_id":17823701,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730134/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17786342"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17786342/Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: ‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39710826/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17786342/Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_">Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: ‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Hebert and colleagues (2004) used a short region of the mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Hebert and colleagues (2004) used a short region of the mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene as a delimiter for ten putative species from among 466 individuals of the skipper butterfly currently known as Astraptes ful- gerator from Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Their data are reanalysed to assess cluster stability and clade support using Neighbor-Joining bootstrap, population aggrega- tion analysis and cladistic haplotype analysis. At least three, but not more than seven mtDNA clades that may correspond to cryptic species are supported by the evidence. Additional difficulties with Hebert et al.’s interpretation of the data are discussed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="92290dc943189e69b1fda0a90fdb0a06" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39710826,"asset_id":17786342,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710826/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17786342"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17786342"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17786342; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17786342]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17786342]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17786342; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17786342']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17786342, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "92290dc943189e69b1fda0a90fdb0a06" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17786342]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17786342,"title":"Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: ‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Hebert and colleagues (2004) used a short region of the mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene as a delimiter for ten putative species from among 466 individuals of the skipper butterfly currently known as Astraptes ful- gerator from Guanacaste, Costa Rica. 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Additional difficulties with Hebert et al.’s interpretation of the data are discussed.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17786342/Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-05T04:18:11.380-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39710826,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39710826/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DNAbarcode.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710826/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39710826/DNAbarcode-libre.pdf?1446725796=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProblems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736549\u0026Signature=Jk~ZyYdyWW8213OFXIqE1-ssIzpU~OziXs66B1Xy8fSsyLlDR-vS6SmuVGjqMptT20Xs8lUNCH-U~b6i0SN6q9ub3hnrr7wAZkkF1hJS21Ri2TqXCJ-SAlnKPXSlL24eaLDXjK4ysQuC~ysWRE1GdUTZ1-Na~scuJRlasMVq87WMuyziS3ts3e9hnC~52HF-3knwTvpPYUKHLWbtB~oNkmmxWv92k2vaXvUDE0mfCuBP2HXRHmS3kuTNYBazEuOdyLfk9WQXNPV4zJ8fd7HlboPT~n7i19eDm3pXcZ005DnzVSnPgVMlbJkdhPXUjScCfwWYEMNwFHinF~emqAwAEQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39710826,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39710826/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DNAbarcode.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710826/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39710826/DNAbarcode-libre.pdf?1446725796=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProblems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736549\u0026Signature=Jk~ZyYdyWW8213OFXIqE1-ssIzpU~OziXs66B1Xy8fSsyLlDR-vS6SmuVGjqMptT20Xs8lUNCH-U~b6i0SN6q9ub3hnrr7wAZkkF1hJS21Ri2TqXCJ-SAlnKPXSlL24eaLDXjK4ysQuC~ysWRE1GdUTZ1-Na~scuJRlasMVq87WMuyziS3ts3e9hnC~52HF-3knwTvpPYUKHLWbtB~oNkmmxWv92k2vaXvUDE0mfCuBP2HXRHmS3kuTNYBazEuOdyLfk9WQXNPV4zJ8fd7HlboPT~n7i19eDm3pXcZ005DnzVSnPgVMlbJkdhPXUjScCfwWYEMNwFHinF~emqAwAEQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27756,"name":"DNA Barcoding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_Barcoding"},{"id":327956,"name":"Species Delimitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Species_Delimitation"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685778"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685778/Incompatible_ages_for_clearwing_butterflies_based_on_alternative_secondary_calibrations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Incompatible ages for clearwing butterflies based on alternative secondary calibrations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685778/Incompatible_ages_for_clearwing_butterflies_based_on_alternative_secondary_calibrations">Incompatible ages for clearwing butterflies based on alternative secondary calibrations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic biology</span><span>, Jan 25, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The recent publication of a time-tree for the plant family Solanaceae (nightshades) provides the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The recent publication of a time-tree for the plant family Solanaceae (nightshades) provides the opportunity to use independent calibrations to test divergence times previously inferred for the diverse Neotropical butterfly tribe Ithomiini. Ithomiini includes clades that are obligate herbivores of Solanaceae, with some genera feeding on only one genus. We used eight calibrations extracted from the plant tree in a new relaxed molecular-clock analysis to produce an alternative temporal framework for the diversification of ithomiines. We compared the resulting age estimates to: (1) a time-tree obtained using seven secondary calibrations from the Nymphalidae tree of Wahlberg et al. (2009), and (2) Wahlberg et al.&#39;s (2009) original age estimates for the same clades. We found that Bayesian clock estimates were rather sensitive to a variety of analytical parameters, including taxon sampling. Regardless of this sensitivity, however, ithomiine divergence times calibrated with the ages of...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685778"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685778"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685778; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685778]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685778]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685778; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685778']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685778, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17685778]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17685778,"title":"Incompatible ages for clearwing butterflies based on alternative secondary calibrations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The recent publication of a time-tree for the plant family Solanaceae (nightshades) provides the opportunity to use independent calibrations to test divergence times previously inferred for the diverse Neotropical butterfly tribe Ithomiini. 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(2009), and (2) Wahlberg et al.\u0026#39;s (2009) original age estimates for the same clades. We found that Bayesian clock estimates were rather sensitive to a variety of analytical parameters, including taxon sampling. Regardless of this sensitivity, however, ithomiine divergence times calibrated with the ages of...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685778/Incompatible_ages_for_clearwing_butterflies_based_on_alternative_secondary_calibrations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:26.831-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":9047278,"work_id":17685778,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2048757,"email":"i***n@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Ivonne J. 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Parsimony and Bayesian analyses of 33 taxa resulted in very similar trees regardless of method used with the 27 troidines always forming a monophyletic clade. Within Troidini, the genus Battus is sister group to the remaining troidines, followed by a clade formed by the Paleotropical taxa (here represented by three exemplars). The genus Euryades is the next branch, and sister group of Parides. The genus Parides is monophyletic, and is divided into four main groups by Maximum Parsimony analysis, with the most basal group composed of tailed species restricted to SE Brazil. Character optimization of ecological and morphological traits over the phylogeny proposed for troidines indicated that the use of several species of Aristolochia is ancestral over the use of few or a single host-plant. 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Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM &amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM &amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to infer the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the Dirini (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), a tribe of butterflies endemic to southern Africa. Systematic Entomology, 36, 300316. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8c978267510127dcfcd092df6509e51" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39710731,"asset_id":17685774,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710731/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685774"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685774"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685774; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685774]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685774]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685774; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685774']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685774, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d8c978267510127dcfcd092df6509e51" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17685774]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17685774,"title":"Anomalous areas and awkward ages: concerns about over-reliance on model-based biogeographical and temporal inferences","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"... Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM \u0026amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to infer the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the Dirini (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), a tribe of butterflies endemic to southern Africa. Systematic Entomology, 36, 300316. ...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Systematic Entomology"},"translated_abstract":"... Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM \u0026amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to infer the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the Dirini (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), a tribe of butterflies endemic to southern Africa. 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Congruence, and the Independence of Characters: Inferring Relationships Among Closely Related Hawaiian Drosophila from Multiple Gene Regions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic Biology</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">... 46(4):751-764, 1997 Process Partitions, Congruence, and the Independence of Characters: Infer...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... 46(4):751-764, 1997 Process Partitions, Congruence, and the Independence of Characters: Inferring Relationships among Closely Related Hawaiian Drosophila from Multiple Gene RegionsRob DeSalle and Andrew VZ Brower1 Department of Entomology, American Museum ...</span></div><div 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685769"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685769/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic relationships among the Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) inferred from partial sequences of the wingless gene" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657229/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685769/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene">Phylogenetic relationships among the Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) inferred from partial sequences of the wingless gene</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5a42fec634d2230adaa3159454683655" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39657229,"asset_id":17685769,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657229/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685769"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685769"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685769; 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Although the data are highly homoplastic, in many instances the most parsimonious cladograms corroborate traditionally recognized groups. The results suggest that this short gene region provides a useful source of data for phylogenetic inference, provided that adequate e¡ort is made to sample a diversity of taxa.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2000,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":39657229},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685769/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:25.966-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39657229,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657229/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Brower2000Nymphalidae.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657229/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657229/Brower2000Nymphalidae-libre.pdf?1446608458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736550\u0026Signature=KxQz5tGXYw4g-six~oeHgh0~aQW0VOvj3UuJBHbAaI52NAptb3KhCi5vjDoAtf5WV3Z3pHwZypCww98gY-28F13rA0t86wORb1q21G0Y1EHiH1aJYPSe79n8Xu3Or30eAchltmo7abdMrLoEqNqnqth~dSreCBnEM-6JGYwpC-R7TnYz4Qn-iKcxSufRf~L-kIauLoPWtykEYq-Ew5dwBE4HNMvXiKnDZad1MGoVrGyshHzjf~NAnNuDlIPJIXqOHUzLZiv40c~7TiHxCGWXPfTtzsHPw9IQHs59NuJSJsO0XySQhROAvKr29FHs~meb65K0eFAa4NsI6Bl~pE6pOw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39657229,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657229/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Brower2000Nymphalidae.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657229/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657229/Brower2000Nymphalidae-libre.pdf?1446608458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736550\u0026Signature=KxQz5tGXYw4g-six~oeHgh0~aQW0VOvj3UuJBHbAaI52NAptb3KhCi5vjDoAtf5WV3Z3pHwZypCww98gY-28F13rA0t86wORb1q21G0Y1EHiH1aJYPSe79n8Xu3Or30eAchltmo7abdMrLoEqNqnqth~dSreCBnEM-6JGYwpC-R7TnYz4Qn-iKcxSufRf~L-kIauLoPWtykEYq-Ew5dwBE4HNMvXiKnDZad1MGoVrGyshHzjf~NAnNuDlIPJIXqOHUzLZiv40c~7TiHxCGWXPfTtzsHPw9IQHs59NuJSJsO0XySQhROAvKr29FHs~meb65K0eFAa4NsI6Bl~pE6pOw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4364,"name":"Molecular Systematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Systematics"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685768"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685768/Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657236/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685768/Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers">Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FelixSperling">Felix Sperling</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="48185fb5e77bbcdb3bf1b21c18bddb09" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39657236,"asset_id":17685768,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657236/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685768"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685768; 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Such lack of resolution is a substantial impediment to using the otherwise well studied butterflies as a model group in biology. Here we report the results of a combined analysis of DNA sequences from three genes and a morphological data matrix for 57 taxa (3258 characters, 1290 parsimony informative) representing all major lineages from the three putative butterfly superfamilies (Hedyloidea, Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea), plus out-groups representing other ditrysian Lepidoptera families. Recently, the utility of morphological data as a source of phylogenetic evidence has been debated. We present the first well supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the butterflies and skippers based on a total-evidence analysis of both traditional morphological characters and new molecular characters from three gene regions (COI, EF-1a and wingless). All four data partitions show substantial hidden support for the deeper nodes, which emerges only in a combined analysis in which the addition of morphological data plays a crucial role. With the exception of Nymphalidae, the traditionally recognized families are found to be strongly supported monophyletic clades with the following relationships: (HesperiidaeC(PapilionidaeC(PieridaeC(NymphalidaeC(LycaenidaeCRiodinidae))))). Nymphalidae is recovered as a monophyletic clade but this clade does not have strong support. Lycaenidae and Riodinidae are sister groups with strong support and we suggest that the latter be given family rank. The position of Pieridae as the sister taxon to nymphalids, lycaenids and riodinids is supported by morphology and the EF-1a data but conflicted by the COI and wingless data. Hedylidae are more likely to be related to butterflies and skippers than geometrid moths and appear to be the sister group to PapilionoideaC Hesperioidea.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":39657236},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685768/Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:25.886-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":8635252,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":9804404,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"f***g@ualberta.ca","display_order":0,"name":"Felix Sperling","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635253,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":18265052,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***a@csic.es","display_order":4194304,"name":"Roger Vila","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635254,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1945256,"email":"r***a@ibe.upf-csic.es","display_order":6291456,"name":"Roger Vila","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635255,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1945257,"email":"z***v@ualberta.ca","display_order":7340032,"name":"Evgueni Zakharov","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635256,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37743564,"co_author_invite_id":1945258,"email":"m***l@email.arizona.edu","display_order":7864320,"name":"Ming-min Lee","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635257,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":2835006,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"n***e@oeb.harvard.edu","affiliation":"Harvard University","display_order":8126464,"name":"Naomi Pierce","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635258,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37346920,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"f***n@ualberta.ca","display_order":8257536,"name":"Fah Sperling","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635259,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37237667,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"z***v@uoguelph.ca","display_order":8323072,"name":"Evgeny Zakharov","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635321,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":84740,"email":"n***g@utu.fi","display_order":8372224,"name":"Niklas Wahlberg","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":28084209,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":46215219,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***y@anu.edu.au","display_order":8380416,"name":"M. Braby","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39657236,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657236/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657236/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657236/Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo-libre.pdf?1446608456=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf\u0026Expires=1732666011\u0026Signature=RtcNM~MJua1YrQeGKAEOf7d8ZZc6K~MWacjy~DHy7xbz0o~0AvKserAGlwAIIHSsagOcOP8IRHlx-kI7L4i-iw2NFSs75po~S8BtMVU9mjfISBz3C~F9Hb7TC07BNj~0NG8iEuo8xExnGkZ5~gp18z5sTGzma2pbQmdA6YlLwpX0mLWTQo9Jxr5emRog0uN4KcUgUDGLiSOSXNDZOFXAKHKwh2HpuZdAzfUjglO3IHDvuulSTEU0zk-aPH55RfIOHWrlZLN5Jts3tb-NaSc7RJHwOvhlmDrR2X5idxNKu4Zbq-SNdfD4Z1UhRngoeCT4RRks7ZrXC-Dqj30oKX6O~g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39657236,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657236/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657236/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657236/Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo-libre.pdf?1446608456=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf\u0026Expires=1732666011\u0026Signature=RtcNM~MJua1YrQeGKAEOf7d8ZZc6K~MWacjy~DHy7xbz0o~0AvKserAGlwAIIHSsagOcOP8IRHlx-kI7L4i-iw2NFSs75po~S8BtMVU9mjfISBz3C~F9Hb7TC07BNj~0NG8iEuo8xExnGkZ5~gp18z5sTGzma2pbQmdA6YlLwpX0mLWTQo9Jxr5emRog0uN4KcUgUDGLiSOSXNDZOFXAKHKwh2HpuZdAzfUjglO3IHDvuulSTEU0zk-aPH55RfIOHWrlZLN5Jts3tb-NaSc7RJHwOvhlmDrR2X5idxNKu4Zbq-SNdfD4Z1UhRngoeCT4RRks7ZrXC-Dqj30oKX6O~g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4364,"name":"Molecular Systematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Systematics"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":51938,"name":"Butterflies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Butterflies"},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":106145,"name":"Classification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classification"},{"id":129386,"name":"DNA sequence design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_sequence_design"},{"id":236975,"name":"Morphological Characters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphological_Characters"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence"},{"id":880279,"name":"Bayes Theorem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayes_Theorem-1"},{"id":1510986,"name":"Data Partitioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Partitioning"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685767"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685767/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657241/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685767/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies">Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8709c064f4292e8f788aa68eb261c82" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39657241,"asset_id":17685767,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657241/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685767"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685767"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685767; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685767]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685767]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685767; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685767']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685767, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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However, the role of these mountains in the diversification of insects, which dominate biodiversity, has been poorly explored using phylogenetic methods. Here we study the role of the Andes in the evolution of a diverse Neotropical insect group, the clearwing butterflies. We used dated species-level phylogenies to investigate the time course of speciation and to infer ancestral elevation ranges for two diverse genera. We show that both genera likely originated at middle elevations in the Andes in the Middle Miocene, contrasting with most published results in vertebrates that point to a lowland origin. Although we detected a signature of vicariance caused by the uplift of the Andes at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, most sister species were parapatric without any obvious vicariant barrier. Combined with an overall decelerating speciation rate, these results suggest an important role for ecological speciation and adaptive radiation, rather than simple vicariance.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2009,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":39657241},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685767/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:25.806-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":8635250,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37268397,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"j***n@mnhn.fr","display_order":0,"name":"Mathieu Joron","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635251,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":61812500,"co_author_invite_id":1945255,"email":"k***a@gmail.com","display_order":4194304,"name":"Karina Silva-brandão","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635289,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":426995,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***8@gmail.com","affiliation":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / French National Centre for Scientific Research","display_order":6291456,"name":"Marianne Elias","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635291,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1945266,"email":"m***s@ed.ac.uk","display_order":7340032,"name":"Marianne Elias","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635293,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37238331,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***t@flmnh.ufl.edu","display_order":7864320,"name":"Keith Willmott","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635296,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":84741,"email":"c***s@zoo.cam.ac.uk","display_order":8126464,"name":"Chris d. D Jiggins","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635299,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1758361,"email":"j***c@naos.si.edu","display_order":8257536,"name":"C Jiggins","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635302,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":539276,"email":"c***7@cam.ac.uk","display_order":8323072,"name":"Chris Jiggins","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":8635312,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":38875403,"co_author_invite_id":1563172,"email":"b***u@unicamp.br","display_order":8380416,"name":"André Victor Lucci Freitas","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies"},{"id":28084207,"work_id":17685767,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":6742404,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***r@gmail.com","display_order":8384512,"name":"Sandra Uribe","title":"Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing 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Speciation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Speciation"},{"id":46119,"name":"Molecular Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Ecology"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":50157,"name":"Molecular","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular"},{"id":51938,"name":"Butterflies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Butterflies"},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny"},{"id":60960,"name":"Adaptive Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adaptive_Radiation"},{"id":63093,"name":"Mitochondrial DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondrial_DNA"},{"id":108112,"name":"Tropical forest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_forest"},{"id":176798,"name":"South America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_America"},{"id":317801,"name":"Cell 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href="https://www.academia.edu/17685766/Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39679771/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685766/Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences">Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Medical and Veterinary Entomology</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA from the bloodmeals of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The protocols use two pairs of nested COI primers and one pair of Cyt b primers to amplify short segments of DNA. Resultant sequences are then compared with sequences in GenBank, using the BLAST function, for putative host identification. Vertebrate DNA was amplified from 88% of our sample of 162 wild-caught, blood-fed mosquitoes from Oregon, U.S.A. and GenBank BLAST searches putatively identified 98% of the amplified sequences, including one amphibian, seven mammalian and 14 avian species. Criteria and caveats for putative identification of bloodmeals are discussed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="57d7f7c79a8a421682c5b7c69874ea94" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39679771,"asset_id":17685766,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39679771/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685766"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685766"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685766; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685766]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685766]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685766; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685766']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685766, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "57d7f7c79a8a421682c5b7c69874ea94" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17685766]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17685766,"title":"Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA from the bloodmeals of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The protocols use two pairs of nested COI primers and one pair of Cyt b primers to amplify short segments of DNA. Resultant sequences are then compared with sequences in GenBank, using the BLAST function, for putative host identification. Vertebrate DNA was amplified from 88% of our sample of 162 wild-caught, blood-fed mosquitoes from Oregon, U.S.A. and GenBank BLAST searches putatively identified 98% of the amplified sequences, including one amphibian, seven mammalian and 14 avian species. Criteria and caveats for putative identification of bloodmeals are discussed.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology"},"translated_abstract":"Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA from the bloodmeals of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The protocols use two pairs of nested COI primers and one pair of Cyt b primers to amplify short segments of DNA. Resultant sequences are then compared with sequences in GenBank, using the BLAST function, for putative host identification. Vertebrate DNA was amplified from 88% of our sample of 162 wild-caught, blood-fed mosquitoes from Oregon, U.S.A. and GenBank BLAST searches putatively identified 98% of the amplified sequences, including one amphibian, seven mammalian and 14 avian species. Criteria and caveats for putative identification of bloodmeals are discussed.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685766/Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:25.704-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39679771,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39679771/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Townzen_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39679771/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39679771/Townzen_2008-libre.pdf?1446648750=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIdentification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736551\u0026Signature=TY~EJxUrz22FgKEFYLY4p4fVC~1KxtD36gM9K~yLrzkyGF6f-qYeQz-TSBNv5IUyZPK1lIRDLfBXe6BKdfUSkoJv30fFQzbKJhLc0v6xlICs7XU2A4klKbf5OBPZRJNSdjZpOgrozZ9iWNekTRFEPLcHSDhHwQfO7svW4SUuWvtgEECXXX3QiPpxgITvlznhKT-kRYcjTmaho4BnkDE0mi8fAFebXZGKDg1N6ibMr~I~fSROxzdV6YqdFGCpCkI1FEB14ErwWvGQdqrpZDK2YgphLSL8KEArw5NAl~p1lUyT6msV-azZs~FTIhPA~QgSEu3S31U3qyFLpMzzjjz8vQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39679771,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39679771/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Townzen_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39679771/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39679771/Townzen_2008-libre.pdf?1446648750=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIdentification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736551\u0026Signature=TY~EJxUrz22FgKEFYLY4p4fVC~1KxtD36gM9K~yLrzkyGF6f-qYeQz-TSBNv5IUyZPK1lIRDLfBXe6BKdfUSkoJv30fFQzbKJhLc0v6xlICs7XU2A4klKbf5OBPZRJNSdjZpOgrozZ9iWNekTRFEPLcHSDhHwQfO7svW4SUuWvtgEECXXX3QiPpxgITvlznhKT-kRYcjTmaho4BnkDE0mi8fAFebXZGKDg1N6ibMr~I~fSROxzdV6YqdFGCpCkI1FEB14ErwWvGQdqrpZDK2YgphLSL8KEArw5NAl~p1lUyT6msV-azZs~FTIhPA~QgSEu3S31U3qyFLpMzzjjz8vQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7606,"name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Veterinary_Entomology"},{"id":41779,"name":"Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA"},{"id":96324,"name":"Birds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birds"},{"id":202574,"name":"Feeding Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding_Behavior"},{"id":338814,"name":"Cytochrome B","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytochrome_B"},{"id":426361,"name":"Ranidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ranidae"},{"id":473846,"name":"Culicidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culicidae"},{"id":784076,"name":"Species Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Species_Specificity"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="3879749" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="30264624"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/30264624/_p_strong_The_South_Temperate_Pronophilina_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_Satyrinae_strong_strong_a_phylogenetic_hypothesis_redescriptions_and_revisionary_notes_strong_p_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of <p><strong>The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): </strong><strong>a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes</strong></p>" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/30264624/_p_strong_The_South_Temperate_Pronophilina_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_Satyrinae_strong_strong_a_phylogenetic_hypothesis_redescriptions_and_revisionary_notes_strong_p_"><p><strong>The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): </strong><strong>a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes</strong></p></a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://mtsu.academia.edu/JessMatz">Jess Matz</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Zootaxa</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="30264624"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30264624"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30264624; 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However, the role of these mountains in the diversification of insects, which dominate biodiversity, has been poorly explored using phylogenetic methods. Here we study the role of the Andes in the evolution of a diverse Neotropical insect group, the clearwing butterflies. We used dated species-level phylogenies to investigate the time course of speciation and to infer ancestral elevation ranges for two diverse genera. We show that both genera likely originated at middle elevations in the Andes in the Middle Miocene, contrasting with most published results in vertebrates that point to a lowland origin. Although we detected a signature of vicariance caused by the uplift of the Andes at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, most sister species were parapatric without any obvious vicariant barrier. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/17927157/Alleviating_the_taxonomic_impediment_of_DNA_barcoding_and_setting_a_bad_precedent_names_for_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_Eudaminae_with_DNA_based_diagnoses"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Alleviating the taxonomic impediment of DNA barcoding and setting a bad precedent: names for ten species of ‘Astraptes fulgerator’ (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) with DNA-based diagnoses" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39783195/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17927157/Alleviating_the_taxonomic_impediment_of_DNA_barcoding_and_setting_a_bad_precedent_names_for_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_Eudaminae_with_DNA_based_diagnoses">Alleviating the taxonomic impediment of DNA barcoding and setting a bad precedent: names for ten species of ‘Astraptes fulgerator’ (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) with DNA-based diagnoses</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ten species of the Astraptes fulgerator complex are named and diagnosed based on their mitochondr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ten species of the Astraptes fulgerator complex are named and diagnosed based on their mitochondrial ‘DNA barcode’<br />sequences. A rationale for this rather unorthodox approach to species description is offered, and some philosophical<br />questions about whether or not such descriptions are desirable are addressed. It is emphasized that while these descriptions<br />fix the nomenclatural problem raised by reference to ‘ten species’ in the literature, the application of names to concepts<br />does not corroborate or endorse the biological validity of those concepts.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e7d6eafe0a0463129c4783f2ca7ed0c4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39783195,"asset_id":17927157,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39783195/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17927157"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17927157"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17927157; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17927157]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17927157]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17927157; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17927157']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17927157, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e7d6eafe0a0463129c4783f2ca7ed0c4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17927157]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17927157,"title":"Alleviating the taxonomic impediment of DNA barcoding and setting a bad precedent: names for ten species of ‘Astraptes fulgerator’ (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) with DNA-based diagnoses","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Ten species of the Astraptes fulgerator complex are named and diagnosed based on their mitochondrial ‘DNA barcode’\nsequences. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17823699"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823699/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic Utility of <I>Tektin</I>, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730136/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823699/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera">Phylogenetic Utility of <I>Tektin</I>, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Annals of the Entomological Society of America</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="418b55a2407657b85c1cc1e41c805a39" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39730136,"asset_id":17823699,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730136/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17823699"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17823699"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17823699; 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Here, we investigated an 807-bp region, homologous to the testis-speciÞc Tektin gene from Bombyx mori (L.), in 34 nymphalid butterßy taxa in the subfamilies Ithomiinae, Danainae, and Heliconiinae. Within Ithomiinae, relationships inferred from Tektin sequence data were remarkably similar to those in trees based on combined morphological and ecological data. Partitioned Bremer analysis, with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and II, and nuclear wingless and elongation factor 1-␣ sequences, revealed Tektin to have the greatest utility for inferring relationships at the genus, tribe, and subfamily levels across the studied taxa. We think Tektin will provide a useful source of molecular characters for inference of relationships among other butterßies, and perhaps among other insect taxa.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Annals of the Entomological Society of America","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":39730136},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17823699/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-05T13:57:52.354-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37743564,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":8858730,"work_id":17823699,"tagging_user_id":37743564,"tagged_user_id":37238331,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"k***t@flmnh.ufl.edu","display_order":0,"name":"Keith Willmott","title":"Phylogenetic Utility of \u003cI\u003eTektin\u003c/I\u003e, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera"},{"id":8858741,"work_id":17823699,"tagging_user_id":37743564,"tagged_user_id":37242916,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***r@mtsu.edu","affiliation":"United States Department of Agriculture","display_order":6291456,"name":"Andrew Brower","title":"Phylogenetic Utility of \u003cI\u003eTektin\u003c/I\u003e, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39730136,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730136/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730136/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39730136/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp-libre.pdf?1446762411=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736548\u0026Signature=G2z6czAHMQjYhVurkG-a7T~ijACvUd7~36~HsUxbkOzjc0f8bwBCMfi3ityja7EhGd3wsTwZ5tHaWRmMJ0g2kZXQTP3vl2Qfnxg3tWHwUEQ9h7QdejDRnmL9r3NEQifMoYTD-1tWzj9O8i4-tMOT9IQPUfaWyC9jlbEtxjPD4szfbEkczRwaZlpMdGfkPJwOX56qAqdMhSw3mGlxC9sW83RJHwNxC9Ux5CtZBK-LQrjXbPWrZJQaUNr1YEqUfpKRlQvzJ5A2~Q~wb3KGvTnmLeMb~tSeX~eR34qGDh2cCywdi2P1SuqcJ4-JOXBGFeGh2Az3zXDbEpVmjX90-Jev9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Novel_Region_for_Inferring_Systematic_Relationships_Among_Lepidoptera","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37743564,"first_name":"Ming-min","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Lee","page_name":"MingminLee","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2015-11-05T13:57:06.548-08:00","display_name":"Ming-min Lee","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee"},"attachments":[{"id":39730136,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730136/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730136/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39730136/Phylogenetic_Utility_of_Tektin_a_Novel_R20151105-863-10opigp-libre.pdf?1446762411=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_Utility_of_I_Tektin_I_a_Nov.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736548\u0026Signature=G2z6czAHMQjYhVurkG-a7T~ijACvUd7~36~HsUxbkOzjc0f8bwBCMfi3ityja7EhGd3wsTwZ5tHaWRmMJ0g2kZXQTP3vl2Qfnxg3tWHwUEQ9h7QdejDRnmL9r3NEQifMoYTD-1tWzj9O8i4-tMOT9IQPUfaWyC9jlbEtxjPD4szfbEkczRwaZlpMdGfkPJwOX56qAqdMhSw3mGlxC9sW83RJHwNxC9Ux5CtZBK-LQrjXbPWrZJQaUNr1YEqUfpKRlQvzJ5A2~Q~wb3KGvTnmLeMb~tSeX~eR34qGDh2cCywdi2P1SuqcJ4-JOXBGFeGh2Az3zXDbEpVmjX90-Jev9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology"},{"id":245663,"name":"Molecular phylogenetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_phylogenetics"},{"id":1510986,"name":"Data Partitioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Partitioning"},{"id":1828675,"name":"Bombyx mori","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bombyx_mori"},{"id":1955033,"name":"Cytochrome Oxidase I","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytochrome_Oxidase_I"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17823707"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823707/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Ithomiini_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_inferred_from_one_mitochondrial_and_two_nuclear_gene_regions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic relationships among the Ithomiini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) inferred from one mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39730135/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823707/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Ithomiini_Lepidoptera_Nymphalidae_inferred_from_one_mitochondrial_and_two_nuclear_gene_regions">Phylogenetic relationships among the Ithomiini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) inferred from one mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic Entomology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44394ab9d3fb62200011729e45e28288" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39730135,"asset_id":17823707,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730135/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17823707"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17823707"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17823707; 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mitochondrial and two nuclear gene regions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic Entomology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="efdcfaa5200929fefd5570a41c036e43" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39730134,"asset_id":17823701,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39730134/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17786342"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17786342/Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: ‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39710826/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17786342/Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_">Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: ‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Hebert and colleagues (2004) used a short region of the mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Hebert and colleagues (2004) used a short region of the mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene as a delimiter for ten putative species from among 466 individuals of the skipper butterfly currently known as Astraptes ful- gerator from Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Their data are reanalysed to assess cluster stability and clade support using Neighbor-Joining bootstrap, population aggrega- tion analysis and cladistic haplotype analysis. At least three, but not more than seven mtDNA clades that may correspond to cryptic species are supported by the evidence. Additional difficulties with Hebert et al.’s interpretation of the data are discussed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="92290dc943189e69b1fda0a90fdb0a06" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39710826,"asset_id":17786342,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710826/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17786342"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17786342"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17786342; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17786342]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17786342]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17786342; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17786342']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17786342, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "92290dc943189e69b1fda0a90fdb0a06" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17786342]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17786342,"title":"Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: ‘ten species’ of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Hebert and colleagues (2004) used a short region of the mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene as a delimiter for ten putative species from among 466 individuals of the skipper butterfly currently known as Astraptes ful- gerator from Guanacaste, Costa Rica. 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Additional difficulties with Hebert et al.’s interpretation of the data are discussed.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17786342/Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-05T04:18:11.380-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39710826,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39710826/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DNAbarcode.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710826/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39710826/DNAbarcode-libre.pdf?1446725796=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProblems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736549\u0026Signature=Jk~ZyYdyWW8213OFXIqE1-ssIzpU~OziXs66B1Xy8fSsyLlDR-vS6SmuVGjqMptT20Xs8lUNCH-U~b6i0SN6q9ub3hnrr7wAZkkF1hJS21Ri2TqXCJ-SAlnKPXSlL24eaLDXjK4ysQuC~ysWRE1GdUTZ1-Na~scuJRlasMVq87WMuyziS3ts3e9hnC~52HF-3knwTvpPYUKHLWbtB~oNkmmxWv92k2vaXvUDE0mfCuBP2HXRHmS3kuTNYBazEuOdyLfk9WQXNPV4zJ8fd7HlboPT~n7i19eDm3pXcZ005DnzVSnPgVMlbJkdhPXUjScCfwWYEMNwFHinF~emqAwAEQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_delimitation_ten_species_of_Astraptes_fulgerator_reassessed_Lepidoptera_Hesperiidae_","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39710826,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39710826/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DNAbarcode.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710826/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Problems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39710826/DNAbarcode-libre.pdf?1446725796=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProblems_with_DNA_barcodes_for_species_d.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736549\u0026Signature=Jk~ZyYdyWW8213OFXIqE1-ssIzpU~OziXs66B1Xy8fSsyLlDR-vS6SmuVGjqMptT20Xs8lUNCH-U~b6i0SN6q9ub3hnrr7wAZkkF1hJS21Ri2TqXCJ-SAlnKPXSlL24eaLDXjK4ysQuC~ysWRE1GdUTZ1-Na~scuJRlasMVq87WMuyziS3ts3e9hnC~52HF-3knwTvpPYUKHLWbtB~oNkmmxWv92k2vaXvUDE0mfCuBP2HXRHmS3kuTNYBazEuOdyLfk9WQXNPV4zJ8fd7HlboPT~n7i19eDm3pXcZ005DnzVSnPgVMlbJkdhPXUjScCfwWYEMNwFHinF~emqAwAEQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27756,"name":"DNA Barcoding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_Barcoding"},{"id":327956,"name":"Species Delimitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Species_Delimitation"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685778"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685778/Incompatible_ages_for_clearwing_butterflies_based_on_alternative_secondary_calibrations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Incompatible ages for clearwing butterflies based on alternative secondary calibrations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685778/Incompatible_ages_for_clearwing_butterflies_based_on_alternative_secondary_calibrations">Incompatible ages for clearwing butterflies based on alternative secondary calibrations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic biology</span><span>, Jan 25, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The recent publication of a time-tree for the plant family Solanaceae (nightshades) provides the ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The recent publication of a time-tree for the plant family Solanaceae (nightshades) provides the opportunity to use independent calibrations to test divergence times previously inferred for the diverse Neotropical butterfly tribe Ithomiini. Ithomiini includes clades that are obligate herbivores of Solanaceae, with some genera feeding on only one genus. We used eight calibrations extracted from the plant tree in a new relaxed molecular-clock analysis to produce an alternative temporal framework for the diversification of ithomiines. We compared the resulting age estimates to: (1) a time-tree obtained using seven secondary calibrations from the Nymphalidae tree of Wahlberg et al. (2009), and (2) Wahlberg et al.&#39;s (2009) original age estimates for the same clades. We found that Bayesian clock estimates were rather sensitive to a variety of analytical parameters, including taxon sampling. Regardless of this sensitivity, however, ithomiine divergence times calibrated with the ages of...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685778"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685778"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685778; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685778]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685778]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685778; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685778']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685778, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17685778]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17685778,"title":"Incompatible ages for clearwing butterflies based on alternative secondary calibrations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The recent publication of a time-tree for the plant family Solanaceae (nightshades) provides the opportunity to use independent calibrations to test divergence times previously inferred for the diverse Neotropical butterfly tribe Ithomiini. 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(2009), and (2) Wahlberg et al.\u0026#39;s (2009) original age estimates for the same clades. We found that Bayesian clock estimates were rather sensitive to a variety of analytical parameters, including taxon sampling. Regardless of this sensitivity, however, ithomiine divergence times calibrated with the ages of...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685778/Incompatible_ages_for_clearwing_butterflies_based_on_alternative_secondary_calibrations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:26.831-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":9047278,"work_id":17685778,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2048757,"email":"i***n@gmail.com","display_order":1,"name":"Ivonne J. 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Parsimony and Bayesian analyses of 33 taxa resulted in very similar trees regardless of method used with the 27 troidines always forming a monophyletic clade. Within Troidini, the genus Battus is sister group to the remaining troidines, followed by a clade formed by the Paleotropical taxa (here represented by three exemplars). The genus Euryades is the next branch, and sister group of Parides. The genus Parides is monophyletic, and is divided into four main groups by Maximum Parsimony analysis, with the most basal group composed of tailed species restricted to SE Brazil. Character optimization of ecological and morphological traits over the phylogeny proposed for troidines indicated that the use of several species of Aristolochia is ancestral over the use of few or a single host-plant. 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Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM &amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM &amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to infer the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the Dirini (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), a tribe of butterflies endemic to southern Africa. Systematic Entomology, 36, 300316. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8c978267510127dcfcd092df6509e51" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39710731,"asset_id":17685774,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39710731/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685774"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685774"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685774; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685774]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685774]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685774; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685774']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685774, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d8c978267510127dcfcd092df6509e51" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17685774]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17685774,"title":"Anomalous areas and awkward ages: concerns about over-reliance on model-based biogeographical and temporal inferences","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"... Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM \u0026amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to infer the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the Dirini (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), a tribe of butterflies endemic to southern Africa. Systematic Entomology, 36, 300316. ...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Systematic Entomology"},"translated_abstract":"... Price, BW, Villet, MH, Walton, SM \u0026amp; Barker, NP (2011) Using molecules and morphology to infer the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the Dirini (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), a tribe of butterflies endemic to southern Africa. 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Congruence, and the Independence of Characters: Inferring Relationships Among Closely Related Hawaiian Drosophila from Multiple Gene Regions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Systematic Biology</span><span>, 1997</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">... 46(4):751-764, 1997 Process Partitions, Congruence, and the Independence of Characters: Infer...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... 46(4):751-764, 1997 Process Partitions, Congruence, and the Independence of Characters: Inferring Relationships among Closely Related Hawaiian Drosophila from Multiple Gene RegionsRob DeSalle and Andrew VZ Brower1 Department of Entomology, American Museum ...</span></div><div 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685769"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685769/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Phylogenetic relationships among the Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) inferred from partial sequences of the wingless gene" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657229/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685769/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene">Phylogenetic relationships among the Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) inferred from partial sequences of the wingless gene</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5a42fec634d2230adaa3159454683655" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39657229,"asset_id":17685769,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657229/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685769"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685769"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685769; 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Although the data are highly homoplastic, in many instances the most parsimonious cladograms corroborate traditionally recognized groups. The results suggest that this short gene region provides a useful source of data for phylogenetic inference, provided that adequate e¡ort is made to sample a diversity of taxa.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2000,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":39657229},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685769/Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:25.966-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39657229,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657229/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Brower2000Nymphalidae.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657229/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657229/Brower2000Nymphalidae-libre.pdf?1446608458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736550\u0026Signature=KxQz5tGXYw4g-six~oeHgh0~aQW0VOvj3UuJBHbAaI52NAptb3KhCi5vjDoAtf5WV3Z3pHwZypCww98gY-28F13rA0t86wORb1q21G0Y1EHiH1aJYPSe79n8Xu3Or30eAchltmo7abdMrLoEqNqnqth~dSreCBnEM-6JGYwpC-R7TnYz4Qn-iKcxSufRf~L-kIauLoPWtykEYq-Ew5dwBE4HNMvXiKnDZad1MGoVrGyshHzjf~NAnNuDlIPJIXqOHUzLZiv40c~7TiHxCGWXPfTtzsHPw9IQHs59NuJSJsO0XySQhROAvKr29FHs~meb65K0eFAa4NsI6Bl~pE6pOw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nymphalidae_Lepidoptera_inferred_from_partial_sequences_of_the_wingless_gene","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39657229,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657229/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Brower2000Nymphalidae.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657229/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Phylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657229/Brower2000Nymphalidae-libre.pdf?1446608458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPhylogenetic_relationships_among_the_Nym.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736550\u0026Signature=KxQz5tGXYw4g-six~oeHgh0~aQW0VOvj3UuJBHbAaI52NAptb3KhCi5vjDoAtf5WV3Z3pHwZypCww98gY-28F13rA0t86wORb1q21G0Y1EHiH1aJYPSe79n8Xu3Or30eAchltmo7abdMrLoEqNqnqth~dSreCBnEM-6JGYwpC-R7TnYz4Qn-iKcxSufRf~L-kIauLoPWtykEYq-Ew5dwBE4HNMvXiKnDZad1MGoVrGyshHzjf~NAnNuDlIPJIXqOHUzLZiv40c~7TiHxCGWXPfTtzsHPw9IQHs59NuJSJsO0XySQhROAvKr29FHs~meb65K0eFAa4NsI6Bl~pE6pOw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4364,"name":"Molecular Systematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Systematics"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685768"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685768/Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657236/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685768/Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers">Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower">Andrew Brower</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FelixSperling">Felix Sperling</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MingminLee">Ming-min Lee</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="48185fb5e77bbcdb3bf1b21c18bddb09" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39657236,"asset_id":17685768,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657236/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685768"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685768; 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Such lack of resolution is a substantial impediment to using the otherwise well studied butterflies as a model group in biology. Here we report the results of a combined analysis of DNA sequences from three genes and a morphological data matrix for 57 taxa (3258 characters, 1290 parsimony informative) representing all major lineages from the three putative butterfly superfamilies (Hedyloidea, Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea), plus out-groups representing other ditrysian Lepidoptera families. Recently, the utility of morphological data as a source of phylogenetic evidence has been debated. We present the first well supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the butterflies and skippers based on a total-evidence analysis of both traditional morphological characters and new molecular characters from three gene regions (COI, EF-1a and wingless). All four data partitions show substantial hidden support for the deeper nodes, which emerges only in a combined analysis in which the addition of morphological data plays a crucial role. With the exception of Nymphalidae, the traditionally recognized families are found to be strongly supported monophyletic clades with the following relationships: (HesperiidaeC(PapilionidaeC(PieridaeC(NymphalidaeC(LycaenidaeCRiodinidae))))). Nymphalidae is recovered as a monophyletic clade but this clade does not have strong support. Lycaenidae and Riodinidae are sister groups with strong support and we suggest that the latter be given family rank. The position of Pieridae as the sister taxon to nymphalids, lycaenids and riodinids is supported by morphology and the EF-1a data but conflicted by the COI and wingless data. Hedylidae are more likely to be related to butterflies and skippers than geometrid moths and appear to be the sister group to PapilionoideaC Hesperioidea.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":39657236},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685768/Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:25.886-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":8635252,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":9804404,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"f***g@ualberta.ca","display_order":0,"name":"Felix Sperling","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635253,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":18265052,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***a@csic.es","display_order":4194304,"name":"Roger Vila","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635254,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1945256,"email":"r***a@ibe.upf-csic.es","display_order":6291456,"name":"Roger Vila","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635255,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":1945257,"email":"z***v@ualberta.ca","display_order":7340032,"name":"Evgueni Zakharov","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635256,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37743564,"co_author_invite_id":1945258,"email":"m***l@email.arizona.edu","display_order":7864320,"name":"Ming-min Lee","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635257,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":2835006,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"n***e@oeb.harvard.edu","affiliation":"Harvard University","display_order":8126464,"name":"Naomi Pierce","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635258,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37346920,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"f***n@ualberta.ca","display_order":8257536,"name":"Fah Sperling","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635259,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":37237667,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"z***v@uoguelph.ca","display_order":8323072,"name":"Evgeny Zakharov","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":8635321,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":84740,"email":"n***g@utu.fi","display_order":8372224,"name":"Niklas Wahlberg","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"},{"id":28084209,"work_id":17685768,"tagging_user_id":37242916,"tagged_user_id":46215219,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***y@anu.edu.au","display_order":8380416,"name":"M. Braby","title":"Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39657236,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657236/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657236/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657236/Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo-libre.pdf?1446608456=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf\u0026Expires=1732666011\u0026Signature=RtcNM~MJua1YrQeGKAEOf7d8ZZc6K~MWacjy~DHy7xbz0o~0AvKserAGlwAIIHSsagOcOP8IRHlx-kI7L4i-iw2NFSs75po~S8BtMVU9mjfISBz3C~F9Hb7TC07BNj~0NG8iEuo8xExnGkZ5~gp18z5sTGzma2pbQmdA6YlLwpX0mLWTQo9Jxr5emRog0uN4KcUgUDGLiSOSXNDZOFXAKHKwh2HpuZdAzfUjglO3IHDvuulSTEU0zk-aPH55RfIOHWrlZLN5Jts3tb-NaSc7RJHwOvhlmDrR2X5idxNKu4Zbq-SNdfD4Z1UhRngoeCT4RRks7ZrXC-Dqj30oKX6O~g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphological_and_molecular_data_in_resolving_the_phylogeny_of_butterflies_and_skippers","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39657236,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657236/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657236/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39657236/Synergistic_effects_of_combing_morpholog20151103-14759-tpkedo-libre.pdf?1446608456=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynergistic_effects_of_combining_morphol.pdf\u0026Expires=1732666011\u0026Signature=RtcNM~MJua1YrQeGKAEOf7d8ZZc6K~MWacjy~DHy7xbz0o~0AvKserAGlwAIIHSsagOcOP8IRHlx-kI7L4i-iw2NFSs75po~S8BtMVU9mjfISBz3C~F9Hb7TC07BNj~0NG8iEuo8xExnGkZ5~gp18z5sTGzma2pbQmdA6YlLwpX0mLWTQo9Jxr5emRog0uN4KcUgUDGLiSOSXNDZOFXAKHKwh2HpuZdAzfUjglO3IHDvuulSTEU0zk-aPH55RfIOHWrlZLN5Jts3tb-NaSc7RJHwOvhlmDrR2X5idxNKu4Zbq-SNdfD4Z1UhRngoeCT4RRks7ZrXC-Dqj30oKX6O~g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4364,"name":"Molecular Systematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Systematics"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":51938,"name":"Butterflies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Butterflies"},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":106145,"name":"Classification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classification"},{"id":129386,"name":"DNA sequence design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_sequence_design"},{"id":236975,"name":"Morphological Characters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphological_Characters"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence"},{"id":880279,"name":"Bayes Theorem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayes_Theorem-1"},{"id":1510986,"name":"Data Partitioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Partitioning"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="17685767"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685767/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39657241/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685767/Out_of_the_Andes_patterns_of_diversification_in_clearwing_butterflies">Out of the Andes: patterns of diversification in clearwing butterflies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8709c064f4292e8f788aa68eb261c82" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39657241,"asset_id":17685767,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39657241/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685767"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685767"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685767; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685767]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685767]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685767; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685767']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685767, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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However, the role of these mountains in the diversification of insects, which dominate biodiversity, has been poorly explored using phylogenetic methods. Here we study the role of the Andes in the evolution of a diverse Neotropical insect group, the clearwing butterflies. We used dated species-level phylogenies to investigate the time course of speciation and to infer ancestral elevation ranges for two diverse genera. We show that both genera likely originated at middle elevations in the Andes in the Middle Miocene, contrasting with most published results in vertebrates that point to a lowland origin. Although we detected a signature of vicariance caused by the uplift of the Andes at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, most sister species were parapatric without any obvious vicariant barrier. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/17685766/Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39679771/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/17685766/Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences">Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Medical and Veterinary Entomology</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA from the bloodmeals of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The protocols use two pairs of nested COI primers and one pair of Cyt b primers to amplify short segments of DNA. Resultant sequences are then compared with sequences in GenBank, using the BLAST function, for putative host identification. Vertebrate DNA was amplified from 88% of our sample of 162 wild-caught, blood-fed mosquitoes from Oregon, U.S.A. and GenBank BLAST searches putatively identified 98% of the amplified sequences, including one amphibian, seven mammalian and 14 avian species. Criteria and caveats for putative identification of bloodmeals are discussed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="57d7f7c79a8a421682c5b7c69874ea94" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39679771,"asset_id":17685766,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39679771/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="17685766"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17685766"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685766; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685766]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17685766]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17685766; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='17685766']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17685766, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "57d7f7c79a8a421682c5b7c69874ea94" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=17685766]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":17685766,"title":"Identification of mosquito bloodmeals using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b gene sequences","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA from the bloodmeals of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The protocols use two pairs of nested COI primers and one pair of Cyt b primers to amplify short segments of DNA. Resultant sequences are then compared with sequences in GenBank, using the BLAST function, for putative host identification. Vertebrate DNA was amplified from 88% of our sample of 162 wild-caught, blood-fed mosquitoes from Oregon, U.S.A. and GenBank BLAST searches putatively identified 98% of the amplified sequences, including one amphibian, seven mammalian and 14 avian species. Criteria and caveats for putative identification of bloodmeals are discussed.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology"},"translated_abstract":"Primer pairs were designed and protocols developed to selectively amplify segments of vertebrate mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA from the bloodmeals of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). The protocols use two pairs of nested COI primers and one pair of Cyt b primers to amplify short segments of DNA. Resultant sequences are then compared with sequences in GenBank, using the BLAST function, for putative host identification. Vertebrate DNA was amplified from 88% of our sample of 162 wild-caught, blood-fed mosquitoes from Oregon, U.S.A. and GenBank BLAST searches putatively identified 98% of the amplified sequences, including one amphibian, seven mammalian and 14 avian species. Criteria and caveats for putative identification of bloodmeals are discussed.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17685766/Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-11-03T19:39:25.704-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":37242916,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39679771,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39679771/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Townzen_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39679771/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39679771/Townzen_2008-libre.pdf?1446648750=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIdentification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736551\u0026Signature=TY~EJxUrz22FgKEFYLY4p4fVC~1KxtD36gM9K~yLrzkyGF6f-qYeQz-TSBNv5IUyZPK1lIRDLfBXe6BKdfUSkoJv30fFQzbKJhLc0v6xlICs7XU2A4klKbf5OBPZRJNSdjZpOgrozZ9iWNekTRFEPLcHSDhHwQfO7svW4SUuWvtgEECXXX3QiPpxgITvlznhKT-kRYcjTmaho4BnkDE0mi8fAFebXZGKDg1N6ibMr~I~fSROxzdV6YqdFGCpCkI1FEB14ErwWvGQdqrpZDK2YgphLSL8KEArw5NAl~p1lUyT6msV-azZs~FTIhPA~QgSEu3S31U3qyFLpMzzjjz8vQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_using_mitochondrial_cytochrome_oxidase_subunit_I_and_cytochrome_b_gene_sequences","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":37242916,"first_name":"Andrew","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Brower","page_name":"AndrewBrower","domain_name":"arsusda","created_at":"2015-10-29T15:04:11.061-07:00","display_name":"Andrew Brower","url":"https://arsusda.academia.edu/AndrewBrower"},"attachments":[{"id":39679771,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39679771/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Townzen_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39679771/download_file?st=MTczMjc2NDEwOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Identification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/39679771/Townzen_2008-libre.pdf?1446648750=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIdentification_of_mosquito_bloodmeals_us.pdf\u0026Expires=1732736551\u0026Signature=TY~EJxUrz22FgKEFYLY4p4fVC~1KxtD36gM9K~yLrzkyGF6f-qYeQz-TSBNv5IUyZPK1lIRDLfBXe6BKdfUSkoJv30fFQzbKJhLc0v6xlICs7XU2A4klKbf5OBPZRJNSdjZpOgrozZ9iWNekTRFEPLcHSDhHwQfO7svW4SUuWvtgEECXXX3QiPpxgITvlznhKT-kRYcjTmaho4BnkDE0mi8fAFebXZGKDg1N6ibMr~I~fSROxzdV6YqdFGCpCkI1FEB14ErwWvGQdqrpZDK2YgphLSL8KEArw5NAl~p1lUyT6msV-azZs~FTIhPA~QgSEu3S31U3qyFLpMzzjjz8vQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7606,"name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Veterinary_Entomology"},{"id":41779,"name":"Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA"},{"id":96324,"name":"Birds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birds"},{"id":202574,"name":"Feeding Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding_Behavior"},{"id":338814,"name":"Cytochrome B","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytochrome_B"},{"id":426361,"name":"Ranidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ranidae"},{"id":473846,"name":"Culicidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culicidae"},{"id":784076,"name":"Species Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Species_Specificity"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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