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</li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" 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href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicletta_da_ciclocross" title="Bicicletta da ciclocross – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bicicletta da ciclocross" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9" title="シクロクロス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シクロクロス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rower_cyclocrossowy" title="Rower cyclocrossowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rower cyclocrossowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Cyclo-cross+bicycle%22">"Cyclo-cross bicycle"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Cyclo-cross+bicycle%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Cyclo-cross+bicycle%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Cyclo-cross+bicycle%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Cyclo-cross+bicycle%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Cyclo-cross+bicycle%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyclocross_Fahrrad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Cyclocross_Fahrrad.jpg/300px-Cyclocross_Fahrrad.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Cyclocross_Fahrrad.jpg/450px-Cyclocross_Fahrrad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Cyclocross_Fahrrad.jpg/600px-Cyclocross_Fahrrad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Giant_Manufacturing" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant Manufacturing">Giant</a> cyclo-cross bicycle</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>cyclo-cross bike</b> or <b>cyclo-cross bicycle</b> (abbreviated <b>CX Bike</b> or <b>CXB</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">bicycle</a> specifically designed for the rigors of a <a href="/wiki/Cyclo-cross" title="Cyclo-cross">cyclo-cross</a> race.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cyclo-cross bicycles roughly resemble the <a href="/wiki/Racing_bicycle" title="Racing bicycle">racing bicycles</a> used in <a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing" title="Road bicycle racing">road racing</a>. The major differences between the two are the frame geometry, and the wider clearances that cyclo-cross bikes have for their larger tires and <a href="/wiki/Road_debris" title="Road debris">mud and other debris</a> that they accumulate. </p><p>Cyclists have been competing in races on road-going bicycles since the 19th century. Cyclo-cross emerged as a sport in its own right in France in 1902.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cyclo-cross bicycles are similar to other bicycles, but the frame geometry is closer to a mountain bike than a road racing bicycle. The top tube is often longer and closer to horizontal, and the handlebars are higher, again akin to mountain bikes. The emphasis on bicycle handling skills differentiates cyclo-cross from road racing. Cyclo-cross courses are held on a variety of terrain, including grass, mud, sand and paved surfaces. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are many stories about the origins of <a href="/wiki/Cyclo-cross" title="Cyclo-cross">cyclo-cross</a> - and so about the origin of cyclo-cross bikes. What can be assumed to be certain is that the cyclo-cross bikes are a further development of normal racing bikes, which have been adapted to the needs of cyclo-cross sport. Today, they are often described as having a mixture of mountain bike and road bike characteristics, but in fact existed decades before mountain bikes were introduced in the bicycle world. </p><p>The first explicit cyclo-cross bicycles appeared in the 1960s, manufactured by European companies from the Netherlands, Belgium and Italy. At first the frames were usually made of steel; nowadays, <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminum</a> and carbon fibre are more common, at least in regard to cyclo-cross bikes built for racing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Frame_design">Frame design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Frame design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_frame" title="Bicycle frame">Frame</a> materials are selected with an aim to produce a lightweight, yet stiff and responsive frame. Low weight is prized for ease of carrying while running. Cyclo-cross racers may lift or carry their bikes as many as 30 times in one 60 minute race, increasing the desire for a lightweight bicycle. <a href="/wiki/Aluminum" class="mw-redirect" title="Aluminum">Aluminum</a> frames were popular in cyclo-cross bicycles long before they became commonplace on the road. Today<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (October 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> the most popular material is aluminium with <a href="/wiki/Carbon_fiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon fiber">carbon fiber</a> being popular at a professional level. </p><p>Cyclo-cross frames require clearance for slightly wider (generally 30–34 mm) tires and the debris and mud that is picked up by them. They are typically very simple, often eschewing bridges between the rear stays. <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_frame#Road_and_triathlon_bicycles" title="Bicycle frame">Compact geometry</a> frames with sloping <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_frame#Top_tube" title="Bicycle frame">top tubes</a> are less common than on road bicycles due to the need to carry the bicycle easily on the shoulder. Top tube (rather than <a href="/wiki/Bottom_bracket" title="Bottom bracket">bottom bracket</a>) routed <a href="/wiki/Derailleur_gears" class="mw-redirect" title="Derailleur gears">derailleur</a> <a href="/wiki/Bowden_cable" title="Bowden cable">cables</a> help combat the build-up of mud. Some specialist cyclo-cross bikes also have a higher bottom bracket to aid clearance over rough ground; extra clearance could prevent <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pedal#Toe_clips" title="Bicycle pedal">toe clips</a> from dragging while re-mounting after an obstacle. This is less common as <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pedal" title="Bicycle pedal">clipless pedals</a> have become the norm for cyclo-cross. </p><p>Typically, the frame geometry is somewhat more relaxed than that of a road bike, not as upright in the seat tube, which allows for more stability in soft ground. Also, the <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_geometry#Wheelbase" title="Bicycle and motorcycle geometry">wheelbase</a> can be a bit longer, which provides a more planted feeling when using aft body weighting over rough terrain, and can help keep the rider's feet from contacting the front wheel during a tight turn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Components">Components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Choices of equipment tend more towards the idiosyncratic than in road racing; for example <a href="/wiki/Single-speed_bicycle" title="Single-speed bicycle">single-speed bicycles</a> also have some popularity due to the advantage of mechanical simplicity in the often very muddy conditions and the fringe nature of the sport. Gearing is typically lower, with most common setups using a 46-36 (110mm BCD) or 48-38 (130mm BCD) <a href="/wiki/Crankset#Chainring" title="Crankset">chainring</a> combination with a 12-25 to 12-30 <a href="/wiki/Cassette_(bicycle_part)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassette (bicycle part)">cassette</a>. Some riders opt to use a single chainring in the front (typically a 40-42 tooth chainring) while retaining multiple sprockets in the rear cassette. This has some of the advantages of the single-speed: the weight of the front derailleur and the front shift lever are lost, a single chainring allows for a tighter chainline, thus reducing the chance of throwing a chain on a bumpy course, and further, racing is psychologically simpler. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_wheel" title="Bicycle wheel">Wheels</a> are of the normal road racing type fitted with <a href="/wiki/Knobby_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knobby tire">knobby tires</a> (a variety of tread designs in both <a href="/wiki/Tubular_tyre" title="Tubular tyre">tubular</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire#Clincher" title="Bicycle tire">clincher</a> types are available), although deeper <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_wheel#Rim" title="Bicycle wheel">rim</a> profiles may be preferred for their advantages in thick mud. There are slight geometry differences between road and cyclocross bicycles; cyclo-cross bikes tend to have slightly higher <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_handlebar" title="Bicycle handlebar">handlebars</a> for a more upright position as aerodynamics have little importance in a cross race. A second set of <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_brake_systems#Brake_levers" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle brake systems">brake levers</a> on the tops, called "top mount" or "interrupter" brake levers, are favored by some competitors. These are also commonly called "cross levers" due to their popularity in the sport. The top tubes of cyclocross bike frames typically have an ovalized or flattened bottom profile to provide greater comfort when riders need to shoulder and carry their bikes. In general, with a change of tires and gearing a cyclo-cross bike can double as a perfectly adequate road racing machine. However, most cyclo-cross racers prefer clipless mountain bike pedals for their easy dual-sided entry and mud-shedding abilities. Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_shoe#Mountain_bike" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle shoe">mountain biking shoes</a> provide better traction while running than typical road style shoes thanks to flexibility in the sole and pronounced tread patterns, and may even be fitted with two screw-threaded studs of the same type traditionally used on soccer boots. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Surly_crosscheck_cyclocross_bicycle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Surly_crosscheck_cyclocross_bicycle.jpg/220px-Surly_crosscheck_cyclocross_bicycle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Surly_crosscheck_cyclocross_bicycle.jpg/330px-Surly_crosscheck_cyclocross_bicycle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Surly_crosscheck_cyclocross_bicycle.jpg/440px-Surly_crosscheck_cyclocross_bicycle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Surly_Bikes" title="Surly Bikes">Surly</a> Crosscheck cyclo-cross bicycle with Campagnolo groupset and a single chainring</figcaption></figure> <p>Cyclocross <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_brakes#Cantilever_brakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle brakes">cantilever brake</a> bosses are more often equipped with traditional center-pull cantilever brakes than the more contemporary and powerful linear-pull brakes ("V-brakes") due to two reasons: native compatibility (insufficient brake cable pull) with the majority of drop-bar brake levers; and the cantilever brake's greater brake pad-to-rim clearance, which minimizes drag in muddy conditions. "Mini-V's" are gaining in popularity as they have both the native cable pull, and some of the increased power of traditional linear-pull brakes over cantilever brakes. </p><p>Since the lifting of the <a href="/wiki/Union_Cycliste_Internationale#Cyclo-cross" title="Union Cycliste Internationale">UCI</a> ban on <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_brake#Disc_brakes" title="Bicycle brake">disc brake</a> use in cyclocross racing,<sup id="cite_ref-bikeradar_disc_brakes_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bikeradar_disc_brakes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bike component and frame manufacturers have immediately started developing and testing race-level cyclocross bikes equipped with disc brakes. While disc brakes are heavier than cantilever brakes, the trade off is that they allow for later and significantly more powerful braking in racing conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tires">Tires</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tires"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cyclo-cross_bicycle" title="Special:EditPage/Cyclo-cross bicycle">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Tire choice is very important in cyclo-cross racing. <a href="/wiki/Off-road_tire" title="Off-road tire">Off-road tubular tires</a> are still very popular; even more so than in road racing. This is, in part, due to their ability to be used at low pressure around 1.5-2.75 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">bar</a> (22-40 psi) without increasing the risk of pinch flats.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Low pressure is desirable because it increases <a href="/wiki/Contact_patch" title="Contact patch">contact patch</a> area which can increase traction on soft surfaces. This increases the risk of the rim bottoming out on the ground, however, and this is a problem with clincher tires because the tube can be pinched by the rim, causing a flat. With tubular tires, this is not a problem, as they cannot pinch flat. The only concern is damage to the rim. Tubular tires also offer a weight saving and the ability to be ridden on even when flat so that a racer can reach the pits for a replacement. </p><p>Clinchers do have their advantages. Changing tires is much quicker since it does not involve a lengthy glueing and curing process so a rider can have a large selection of tires at their disposal. Until recently, clinchers also generally had more cutting edge <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire#Tread" title="Bicycle tire">tread patterns</a> than the more traditional tubulars. Some enthusiasts even went as far as to send <a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a> Mud tires (a popular clincher tire) to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dugast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dugast (page does not exist)">Dugast</a> (a manufacturer of high end tubular tires) to have a modern tread pattern incorporated into a traditional tubular. However, since 2005 several tubular manufacturers have designed more modern style tread patterns, namely Dugast with its Rhino, Tufo with its Flexus and Challenge with its Grifo and Fango. Lastly, clincher tires generally cost less than tubulars. </p><p>Because cyclo-cross season spans autumn/fall and winter, course conditions can vary quite drastically. Often racers have at least dry and wet weather tires to choose between. Dry tires tend to have much smaller, closely spaced tread such as the diamond pattern for low rolling resistance. Wet weather tires have larger and more widely spaced knobs to aid in grip and mud shedding. Tires do not usually vary in width a great deal due to the theory that a narrow tire has the least rolling resistance (for dry courses) and that it will also cut through mud to the harder ground underneath (for wet/muddy courses). Although widths below 30c (denoting the tire width in millimeters) were popular in the past, current tires<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (March 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> tend to be available from 30-35c with 32 and 34 being the most common. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment_choice">Equipment choice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Equipment choice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because ground conditions can vary greatly, equipment choice is extremely important. Add to this the fact that the races are relatively short and that equipment changes are allowed during races and equipment selection can get fanatical. Since tubular tires are popular in professional and some amateur racing and tires cannot easily be removed from the rim, collections of wheels with tires installed, are required for the varying conditions. It is common for racers even at an amateur level to have a pair of race bikes (one to ride and one in the pits as a back-up) and several wheels to choose from. At the professional level it is essential to have several bikes and wheel options available. </p><p>More recently, tubeless clincher tires have become popular after their successful presence on mountain bikes for the last several years. Advantages include lower overall wheel weight (no inner tube), lower tire pressures allowing for more traction without risk of a 'pinch flat' and no glue as required for tubular tires. Not all clincher rim designs allow for tubeless tires as an air tight contact surface is required to prevent the unintended loss of tire pressure. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rules">Rules</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Rules"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following are rules that have been put in place by the <a href="/wiki/Union_Cycliste_Internationale" title="Union Cycliste Internationale">UCI</a> that are either specific to or have particular effect on cyclo-cross bicycles. These rules are not exhaustive, are only for UCI-sanctioned events and may not be enforced at all cyclo-cross events.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Handlebars must not measure more than 50 centimetres (20 in) in width.</li> <li>Tire width may not exceed 33 millimetres (1.3 in) and tires may not feature any kind of <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire#Studs" title="Bicycle tire">studs</a> or spikes.</li> <li>Wheels shall have at least 12 <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_wheel#Spokes" title="Bicycle wheel">spokes</a>.</li> <li>The weight of the bicycle cannot be less than 6.8 kilograms (15 lb to two significant figures).</li></ul> <p>As of 2010, disc brakes have recently been allowed for UCI races.<sup id="cite_ref-bikeradar_disc_brakes_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bikeradar_disc_brakes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-racing_use">Non-racing use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Non-racing use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some cyclocross bicycles available in the consumer market are supplied with <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_brake#Disc_brakes" title="Bicycle brake">disc brakes</a> as a stock item. Some models include <a href="/wiki/Braze-on" title="Braze-on">braze-ons</a> to enable the use of cantilever style brakes instead. The growing popularity of disc brakes on cyclocross bicycles has allowed for improved and lighter rim designs due to a lack of brake track on the side of the rim. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mountain_bikes_in_cyclocross_racing">Mountain bikes in cyclocross racing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Mountain bikes in cyclocross racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some countries (including the United States, so long as it is not a UCI event) riders are also permitted to race in <a href="/wiki/Cyclo-cross" title="Cyclo-cross">cyclo-cross</a> events using <a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike" title="Mountain bike">mountain bikes</a> (generally without <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_handlebar#Bar_ends" title="Bicycle handlebar">bar ends</a>), at least in low-level competition, but this is not currently<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (March 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> allowed in events on the international calendar. It has been known for local races to be won on mountain bikes, particularly if the course is technical with little road or fast sections. However, for a traditional cyclo-cross course, a cyclo-cross bicycle is the most effective. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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/></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sports" title="Portal:Sports">Sports portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-rounder_(cycling)" class="mw-redirect" title="All-rounder (cycling)">All-rounder (cycling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">Bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_sport" title="Cycle sport">Cycle sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclo-cross" title="Cyclo-cross">Cyclo-cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle_types" title="List of bicycle types">List of bicycle types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cycling" title="Outline of cycling">Outline of cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravel_bicycle" title="Gravel bicycle">Gravel bicycle</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ballantine, Richard, <i>Richard's 21st Century Bicycle Book</i>, New York: Overlook Press (2001), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58567-112-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-58567-112-6">1-58567-112-6</a>, pp. 34, 307: As a high-end bicycle purpose-built for a specific sport, cyclo-cross bikes also differ from ordinary <i><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_bicycle" title="Hybrid bicycle">cross bikes</a></i>, which are general-purpose hybrid utility bikes fitted with lower gearing and slightly wider 700C <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">tires</a> for recreational use on unpaved paths or trails.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.primaleurope.com/blogs/news/a-quick-history-of-cyclocross">"A quick history of Cyclocross"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+quick+history+of+Cyclocross&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.primaleurope.com%2Fblogs%2Fnews%2Fa-quick-history-of-cyclocross&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyclo-cross+bicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bikeradar_disc_brakes-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bikeradar_disc_brakes_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bikeradar_disc_brakes_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPacocha2010" class="citation web cs1">Pacocha, Matt (22 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/uci-allows-disc-brakes-for-cyclo-cross/">"UCI allows disc brakes for cyclo-cross"</a>. Bikeradar.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCI+allows+disc+brakes+for+cyclo-cross&rft.pub=Bikeradar.com&rft.date=2010-06-22&rft.aulast=Pacocha&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyclingnews.com%2Fnews%2Fuci-allows-disc-brakes-for-cyclo-cross%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyclo-cross+bicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCipullo2016" class="citation web cs1">Cipullo, Anna (1 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180706215132/https://magazine.bikesoup.com/cantilevers-dead-cyclocross/">"Are Cantilevers Dead for Cyclocross?"</a>. <i>bikesoup.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://magazine.bikesoup.com/cantilevers-dead-cyclocross/">the original</a> on 6 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bikesoup.com&rft.atitle=Are+Cantilevers+Dead+for+Cyclocross%3F&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.aulast=Cipullo&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmagazine.bikesoup.com%2Fcantilevers-dead-cyclocross%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyclo-cross+bicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNathan" class="citation news cs1">Nathan, Adam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wheelsbikes.com/">"Hybrid Bikes"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hybrid+Bikes&rft.aulast=Nathan&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwheelsbikes.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyclo-cross+bicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.velonews.com/tech/report/articles/9176.0.html">velonews.com</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> Pacocha, Mat: "Keeping the rubber side down: Clinchers or tubulars for `cross?". VeloNews, November 13, 2003. Retrieved June 9, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120801105658/http://www.uci.ch/includes/asp/getTarget.asp?type=FILE&id=34033">"Cycling Regulations : Part I, General Organisation Of Cycling As A Sport"</a>. Union Cycliste Internationale. Retrieved February 11, 2008</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclo-cross_bicycle&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human-powered_vehicles" title="Template:Human-powered vehicles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human-powered_vehicles" title="Template talk:Human-powered vehicles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human-powered_vehicles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human-powered vehicles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Human-powered_transport146" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">Human-powered transport</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_land_vehicle" title="Human-powered land vehicle">Land</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pedal power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/29er_(bicycle)" title="29er (bicycle)">29er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">Bicycle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_bicycles" title="Outline of bicycles">outline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_trailer" title="Bicycle trailer">Bicycle trailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMX_bike" title="BMX bike">BMX bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boneshaker_(bicycle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boneshaker (bicycle)">Boneshaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_bike" title="Cargo bike">Cargo bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_bicycle" class="mw-redirect" title="City bicycle">City bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-weather_biking" title="Cold-weather biking">Cold-weather biking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_bicycle" title="Cruiser bicycle">Cruiser bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">Cycle rickshaw</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cyclo-cross bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downhill_bike" title="Downhill bike">Downhill bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enduro_(mountain_biking)" title="Enduro (mountain biking)">Enduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatbike" title="Fatbike">Fatbike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_bar_road_bike" title="Flat bar road bike">Flat bar road bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folding_bicycle" title="Folding bicycle">Folding bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_cycling" title="Glossary of cycling">Glossary of cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_bicycle" title="Hybrid bicycle">Hybrid bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorized_bicycle" title="Motorized bicycle">Motorized bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike" title="Mountain bike">Mountain bike</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_biking" title="Mountain biking">Mountain biking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27.5_Mountain_bike" class="mw-redirect" title="27.5 Mountain bike">27.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downhill_mountain_biking" title="Downhill mountain biking">Downhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_track_(mountain_biking)" title="Single track (mountain biking)">Singletrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_bike" title="Party bike">Party bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny-farthing" title="Penny-farthing">Penny-farthing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porteur_bicycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Porteur bicycle">Porteur bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prone_bicycle" title="Prone bicycle">Prone bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Quadracycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">Recumbent bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle" title="Road bicycle">Road bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(bicycle)" title="Roadster (bicycle)">Roadster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_bicycle" title="Safety bicycle">Safety bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociable" title="Sociable">Sociable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-wheel_bicycle" title="Small-wheel bicycle">Small-wheel bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandem_bicycle" title="Tandem bicycle">Tandem bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touring_bicycle" title="Touring bicycle">Touring bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_bicycle" title="Track bicycle">Track bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailer_bike" title="Trailer bike">Trailer bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricycle" title="Tricycle">Tricycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle" title="Unicycle">Unicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_bicycle" title="Utility bicycle">Utility bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velocar" title="Velocar">Velocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velocipede" title="Velocipede">Velocipede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velomobile" title="Velomobile">Velomobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelie_bike" title="Wheelie bike">Wheelie bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-weather_biking" title="Cold-weather biking">Cold-weather biking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ice_cycle" title="Ice cycle">ice cycle</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">Electric motor</a> assist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">Electric bicycle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedelec" title="Pedelec">Pedelec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorized_bicycle" title="Motorized bicycle">Motorized bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorized_scooter" title="Motorized scooter">Motorized scooter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treadle power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treadle_bicycle" title="Treadle bicycle">Treadle bicycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balance_bike" title="Balance bike">Balance bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandy_horse" title="Dandy horse">Dandy horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick_scooter" title="Kick scooter">Kick scooter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kickbike" title="Kickbike">Kickbike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kicksled" title="Kicksled">Kicksled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brakeboard" title="Brakeboard">Brakeboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeboard_(skateboard)" title="Freeboard (skateboard)">Freeboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeskates" title="Freeskates">Freeskates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longboard_(skateboard)" title="Longboard (skateboard)">Longboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skateboard" title="Skateboard">Skateboard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hand power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handcar" title="Handcar">Handcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handcycle" title="Handcycle">Handcycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobcart" title="Hobcart">Hobcart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invalid_carriage" title="Invalid carriage">Invalid carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair" title="Wheelchair">Wheelchair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Row action</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rowing_cycle" title="Rowing cycle">Rowing cycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pushed/pulled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baby_transport" title="Baby transport">Baby transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baggage_cart" title="Baggage cart">Baggage cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_chair" title="Bath chair">Bath chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cart" title="Cart">Cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatbed_trolley" title="Flatbed trolley">Flatbed trolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_truck" title="Hand truck">Hand truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulled_rickshaw" title="Pulled rickshaw">Pulled rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopping_cart" title="Shopping cart">Shopping cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopping_caddy" title="Shopping caddy">Shopping caddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stairclimber" title="Stairclimber">Stairclimber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stretcher" title="Stretcher">Stretcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_wagon" title="Toy wagon">Toy wagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelbarrow" title="Wheelbarrow">Wheelbarrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sled" title="Sled">Sled</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Carried</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Litter_(vehicle)" title="Litter (vehicle)">Litter/sedan chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoop_stretcher" title="Scoop stretcher">Scoop stretcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weight shifting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trikke" title="Trikke">Trikke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogo_stick" title="Pogo stick">Pogo stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caster_board" title="Caster board">Caster board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snakeboard" title="Snakeboard">Snakeboard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gravity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_racer" title="Gravity racer">Gravity racer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_cart" title="Billy cart">Billy cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_luge" title="Street luge">Street luge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowboard" title="Snowboard">Snowboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toboggan" title="Toboggan">Toboggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_toboggan" title="Summer toboggan">Summer toboggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_biking" title="Gravity biking">Gravity biking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_watercraft" title="Human-powered watercraft">Water</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hand power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">Canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">Kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddleboarding" title="Paddleboarding">Paddleboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing" title="Rowing">Rowing</a> (fixed seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punt_(boat)" title="Punt (boat)">Punt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hand and foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rowing" title="Rowing">Rowing</a> (sliding seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing" title="Rowing">Rowing</a> (sliding rigger)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydrocycle" title="Hydrocycle">Hydrocycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_hydrofoil" title="Human-powered hydrofoil">Hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedalo" title="Pedalo">Pedalo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Amphibious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_cycle" title="Amphibious cycle">Amphibious cycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_aircraft" title="Human-powered aircraft">Aircraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_human-powered_aircraft" title="List of human-powered aircraft">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_helicopter" title="Human-powered helicopter">Helicopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornithopter" title="Ornithopter">Ornithopter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-vehicular transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skating" title="Inline skating">Inline skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">skates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skating" title="Roller skating">Roller skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skates" title="Roller skates">skates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running" title="Running">Running</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stair_climbing" title="Stair climbing">Stair climbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">Walking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stair_climbing" title="Stair climbing">Stair climbing</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Snow and ice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crampons" title="Crampons">Crampons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_skate" title="Ice skate">Ice skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski" title="Ski">Ski</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_touring_binding" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine touring binding">Alpine touring skis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-country_skiing" title="Cross-country skiing">Cross-country skis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemark_skiing" title="Telemark skiing">Telemark skis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe" title="Snowshoe">Snowshoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal-powered_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal-powered transport">Animal-powered transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling" title="Cycling">Cycling</a> (<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cycling" title="Outline of cycling">outline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle-_and_human-powered_vehicle_museums" title="List of bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums">Bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_power" title="Human power">Human power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-emissions_vehicle" title="Zero-emissions vehicle">Zero-emissions vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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