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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technical_aspects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technical_aspects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Technical aspects</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Technical_aspects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Technical aspects subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Technical_aspects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dynamics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dynamics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Dynamics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dynamics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Performance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Parts</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Parts subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Frame" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frame"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Frame</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frame-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drivetrain_and_gearing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drivetrain_and_gearing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Drivetrain and gearing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drivetrain_and_gearing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Steering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Steering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Steering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Steering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seating" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seating"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Seating</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seating-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Brakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suspension" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suspension"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Suspension</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suspension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wheels_and_tires" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wheels_and_tires"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>Wheels and tires</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wheels_and_tires-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Groupset" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groupset"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.8</span> <span>Groupset</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Groupset-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accessories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accessories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.9</span> <span>Accessories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accessories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.10</span> <span>Standards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maintenance_and_repair" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintenance_and_repair"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Maintenance and repair</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Maintenance_and_repair-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Maintenance and repair subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Maintenance_and_repair-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Maintenance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintenance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Maintenance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maintenance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repair" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repair"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Repair</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repair-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Tools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_and_historical_aspects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_and_historical_aspects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Social and historical aspects</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Social_and_historical_aspects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Social and historical aspects subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Social_and_historical_aspects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_daily_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_daily_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>In daily life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_daily_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poverty_alleviation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poverty_alleviation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Poverty alleviation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poverty_alleviation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Female_emancipation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Female_emancipation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Female emancipation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Female_emancipation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_implications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_implications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Economic implications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_implications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Environmental impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manufacturing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacturing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Manufacturing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manufacturing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Legal requirements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Theft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bicycle</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 179 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-179" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">179 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8A%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8A" title="Къушъхьэфачъ – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Къушъхьэфачъ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiets" title="Fiets – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fiets" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrrad" title="Fahrrad – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Fahrrad" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A5%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%8C%E1%89%B5" title="ብስክሌት – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ብስክሌት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2" title="साइकल – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="साइकल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AB%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="دراجة هوائية ثنائية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دراجة هوائية ثنائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="চাইকেল – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চাইকেল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apajerek%C3%B5i" title="Apajerekõi – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Apajerekõi" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velosiped" title="Velosiped – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Velosiped" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%AE" title="چرخ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="چرخ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="বাইসাইকেল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাইসাইকেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biskar" title="Biskar – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Biskar" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Веласіпед – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Веласіпед" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ровар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ровар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2" title="साइकिल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="साइकिल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikleta" title="Bisikleta – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bisikleta" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radl_(Foarzeig)" title="Radl (Foarzeig) – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Radl (Foarzeig)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicikl" title="Bicikl – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bicikl" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%27h-houarn" title="Marc'h-houarn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Marc'h-houarn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%ADzdn%C3%AD_kolo" title="Jízdní kolo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jízdní kolo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhizautare" title="Bhizautare – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bhizautare" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beic" title="Beic – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Beic" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheche" title="Cheche – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Cheche" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cykel" title="Cykel – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cykel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beik" title="Beik – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Beik" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrrad" title="Fahrrad – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fahrrad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalgratas" title="Jalgratas – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jalgratas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%AE%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Ποδήλατο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ποδήλατο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biciklo" title="Biciklo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Biciklo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizikleta" title="Bizikleta – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bizikleta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%AE%D9%87" title="دوچرخه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوچرخه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bike" title="Bike – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bike" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicyclette" title="Bicyclette – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bicyclette" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyts" title="Fyts – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fyts" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rothar" title="Rothar – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rothar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rothair" title="Rothair – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Rothair" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0" title="자전거 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자전거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keke" title="Keke – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Keke" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BE" title="Հեծանիվ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հեծանիվ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2" title="सायकिल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सायकिल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koleso" title="Koleso – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Koleso" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicikl" title="Bicikl – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bicikl" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasipede" title="Rasipede – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Rasipede" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biciklo" title="Biciklo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Biciklo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikleta" title="Bisikleta – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bisikleta" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepeda" title="Sepeda – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sepeda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycletta" title="Bicycletta – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bicycletta" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicle" title="Bicicle – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Bicicle" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rei%C3%B0hj%C3%B3l" title="Reiðhjól – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Reiðhjól" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicletta" title="Bicicletta – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bicicletta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אופניים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אופניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit" title="Pit – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pit" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%9B%C9%9Bc%C9%9B" title="Cɛɛcɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Cɛɛcɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸೈಕಲ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೈಕಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ველოსიპედი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ველოსიპედი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%84%DB%81%D9%95_%DA%AF%D9%8F%D8%B1" title="زلہٕ گُر – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="زلہٕ گُر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2%C5%82o" title="Kòło – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kòło" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwros" title="Diwros – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Diwros" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igare" title="Igare – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Igare" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baisikeli" title="Baisikeli – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Baisikeli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dik%C3%A2lu_(velo)" title="Dikâlu (velo) – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Dikâlu (velo)" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikl%C3%A8t" title="Bisiklèt – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Bisiklèt" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Du%C3%A7erxe" title="Duçerxe – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Duçerxe" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda_(mesun_de_trasport)" title="Roda (mesun de trasport) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Roda (mesun de trasport)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikleta" title="Bisikleta – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Bisikleta" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birota" title="Birota – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Birota" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divritenis" title="Divritenis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Divritenis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ABlo" title="Vëlo – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Vëlo" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dviratis" title="Dviratis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dviratis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kureta" title="Kureta – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Kureta" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%A7icletta" title="Biçicletta – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Biçicletta" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fietsj" title="Fietsj – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Fietsj" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nk%C3%ADng%C3%A1" title="Nkíngá – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nkíngá" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisicle" title="Bisicle – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Bisicle" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polkupy%C3%B6r%C3%A4" title="Polkupyörä – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Polkupyörä" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiciola" title="Spiciola – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Spiciola" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ker%C3%A9kp%C3%A1r" title="Kerékpár – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kerékpár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikileta" title="Bisikileta – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bisikileta" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BE" title="സൈക്കിൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൈക്കിൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota" title="Rota – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Rota" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2" title="सायकल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सायकल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%87" title="بيسكليته – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيسكليته" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basikal" title="Basikal – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Basikal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kareta_angin" title="Kareta angin – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kareta angin" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becicleta" title="Becicleta – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Becicleta" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B9" title="Унадаг дугуй – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Унадаг дугуй" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8" title="စက်ဘီး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="စက်ဘီး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basikeli" title="Basikeli – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Basikeli" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiets" title="Fiets – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fiets" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fietse" title="Fietse – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Fietse" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2" title="साईकल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साईकल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2" title="बाइसाइकल – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बाइसाइकल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BB%A2%E8%BB%8A" title="自転車 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="自転車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Вилспет – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Вилспет" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weel_(Forkiirsmerel)" title="Weel (Forkiirsmerel) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Weel (Forkiirsmerel)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykkel" title="Sykkel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sykkel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykkel" title="Sykkel – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sykkel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bike" title="Bike – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Bike" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B2" title="ସାଇକେଲ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସାଇକେଲ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biskileettii" title="Biskileettii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Biskileettii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velosiped" title="Velosiped – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Velosiped" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2" title="ਸਾਈਕਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਈਕਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikleta" title="Bisikleta – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Bisikleta" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84" title="سائیکل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائیکل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bais" title="Bais – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Bais" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baisikl" title="Baisikl – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Baisikl" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bici" title="Bici – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Bici" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fohrrad" title="Fohrrad – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Fohrrad" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rower" title="Rower – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rower" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velosiped" title="Velosiped – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Velosiped" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biciclet%C4%83" title="Bicicletă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bicicletă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velo" title="Velo – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Velo" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iskaymuyu" title="Iskaymuyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Iskaymuyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96%D2%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Біціґель – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Біціґель" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Бэлисипиэт – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бэлисипиэт" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/batikal" title="batikal – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="batikal" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="द्विचक्रिका – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="द्विचक्रिका" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bicycle" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%A7ikleta" title="Biçikleta – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Biçikleta" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicletta" title="Bicicletta – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Bicicletta" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92" title="පාපැදි – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පාපැදි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bicycle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%84" title="سائيڪل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سائيڪل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicykel" title="Bicykel – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bicykel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolo_(prevozno_sredstvo)" title="Kolo (prevozno sredstvo) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kolo (prevozno sredstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%82o_(pojazd)" title="Koło (pojazd) – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Koło (pojazd)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baaskiil" title="Baaskiil – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Baaskiil" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%DA%86%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AE%DB%95" title="دووچەرخە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دووچەرخە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB" title="Бицикл – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бицикл" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicikl" title="Bicikl – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bicikl" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sap%C3%A9dah" title="Sapédah – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sapédah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polkupy%C3%B6r%C3%A4" title="Polkupyörä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Polkupyörä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cykel" title="Cykel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cykel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikleta" title="Bisikleta – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bisikleta" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="மிதிவண்டி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மிதிவண்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="సైకిల్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సైకిల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="จักรยาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรยาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amo%27a%27%C3%B3v%C3%A2htsest%C3%B4tse" title="Amo'a'óvâhtsestôtse – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Amo'a'óvâhtsestôtse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisiklet" title="Bisiklet – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bisiklet" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welosiped" title="Welosiped – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Welosiped" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsaai_tswam" title="Tsaai tswam – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Tsaai tswam" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%9B%E1%A8%99%E1%A8%84%E1%A8%89" title="ᨔᨛᨙᨄᨉ – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨔᨛᨙᨄᨉ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Велосипед – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Велосипед" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84" title="سائیکل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سائیکل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%DB%90%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%BE%D9%89%D8%AA" title="ۋېلىسىپىت – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋېلىسىپىت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danci" title="Danci – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Danci" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicicleta" title="Bicicleta – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Bicicleta" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velosiped" title="Velosiped – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Velosiped" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xe_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1p" title="Xe đạp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xe đạp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalgratas" title="Jalgratas – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Jalgratas" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biciclete" title="Biciclete – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Biciclete" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27otowaa" title="O'otowaa – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="O'otowaa" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vieloo" title="Vieloo – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Vieloo" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisikleta" title="Bisikleta – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bisikleta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C" title="ביציקל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ביציקל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dv%C4%97ratis" title="Dvėratis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Dvėratis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%BC%AA%E8%BB%8A" title="雙輪車 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="雙輪車" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sep%C3%A8da" title="Sepèda – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Sepèda" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C9%9Bk%C9%9B_azaxwlixa" title="Kɛkɛ azaxwlixa – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Kɛkɛ azaxwlixa" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensikal" title="Ensikal – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Ensikal" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karito" title="Karito – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Karito" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D2%91%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Бициґла – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Бициґла" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11442#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Bicycle" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pedal-driven two-wheel vehicle</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the butterfly genus, see <a href="/wiki/Bicyclus" title="Bicyclus"><i>Bicyclus</i></a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bicycle (disambiguation)">Bicycle (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Bike" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bike_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bike (disambiguation)">Bike (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Bicycle</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Left_side_of_Flying_Pigeon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Left_side_of_Flying_Pigeon.jpg/300px-Left_side_of_Flying_Pigeon.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Left_side_of_Flying_Pigeon.jpg/450px-Left_side_of_Flying_Pigeon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Left_side_of_Flying_Pigeon.jpg/600px-Left_side_of_Flying_Pigeon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3556" data-file-height="2371" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The most popular bicycle model—and most popular vehicle of any kind in the world—is the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Flying_Pigeon" title="Flying Pigeon">Flying Pigeon</a>, with about 500 million produced.<sup id="cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koeppel2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data">Vehicle</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Application</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation">Transportation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fuel source</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">Human-power</a> (and/or <a href="/wiki/Motorized_bicycle" title="Motorized bicycle">motor-power</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wheels</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Components</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_frame" title="Bicycle frame">Frame</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_wheel" title="Bicycle wheel">wheels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">tires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_saddle" title="Bicycle saddle">saddle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_handlebar" title="Bicycle handlebar">handlebar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pedals" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle pedals">pedals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_drivetrain_systems" title="Bicycle drivetrain systems">drivetrain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inventor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Drais" title="Karl Drais">Karl von Drais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirkpatrick_MacMillan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkpatrick MacMillan">Kirkpatrick MacMillan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Invented</th><td class="infobox-data">19th century</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Types</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Utility_bicycle" title="Utility bicycle">Utility bicycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mountain_bicycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain bicycle">mountain bicycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Racing_bicycle" title="Racing bicycle">racing bicycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Touring_bicycle" title="Touring bicycle">touring bicycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_bicycle" title="Hybrid bicycle">hybrid bicycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cruiser_bicycle" title="Cruiser bicycle">cruiser bicycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/BMX_bike" title="BMX bike">BMX bike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tandem_bicycle" title="Tandem bicycle">tandem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lowrider_bicycle" title="Lowrider bicycle">low rider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tall_bike" title="Tall bike">tall bike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fixed-gear_bicycle" title="Fixed-gear bicycle">fixed gear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Folding_bicycle" title="Folding bicycle">folding bicycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_cycle" title="Amphibious cycle">amphibious cycle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cargo_bike" title="Cargo bike">cargo bike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">recumbent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">electric bicycle</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/El-v-01_ubt.jpeg/180px-El-v-01_ubt.jpeg" decoding="async" width="180" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/El-v-01_ubt.jpeg/270px-El-v-01_ubt.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/El-v-01_ubt.jpeg/360px-El-v-01_ubt.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="245" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#c8ffb8;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Energy_conservation" title="Energy conservation">Energy conservation</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcology" title="Arcology">Arcology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_insulation" title="Building insulation">Building insulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cogeneration" title="Cogeneration">Cogeneration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_fluorescent_lamp" title="Compact fluorescent lamp">Compact fluorescent lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco_hotel" title="Eco hotel">Eco hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-cities" title="Eco-cities">Eco-cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecohouse" title="Ecohouse">Ecohouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecolabel" title="Ecolabel">Ecolabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efficient_energy_use" title="Efficient energy use">Efficient energy use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_audit" title="Energy audit">Energy audit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_efficiency_implementation" title="Energy efficiency implementation">Energy efficiency implementation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_recovery" title="Energy recovery">Energy recovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_recycling" title="Energy recycling">Energy recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_saving_lamp" title="Energy saving lamp">Energy saving lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Star" title="Energy Star">Energy Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_storage" title="Energy storage">Energy storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_planning" title="Environmental planning">Environmental planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_technology" title="Environmental technology">Environmental technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_phase-out" title="Fossil fuel phase-out">Fossil fuel phase-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_in_green_buildings" title="Glass in green buildings">Glass in green buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_building_and_wood" title="Green building and wood">Green building and wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_building" title="Green building">Green building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_pump" title="Heat pump">Heat pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_low-energy_building_techniques" title="List of low-energy building techniques">List of low-energy building techniques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-energy_house" title="Low-energy house">Low-energy house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microgeneration" title="Microgeneration">Microgeneration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_house" title="Passive house">Passive house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_solar_building_design" title="Passive solar building design">Passive solar building design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_architecture" title="Sustainable architecture">Sustainable architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_city" title="Sustainable city">Sustainable city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_habitat" title="Sustainable habitat">Sustainable habitat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_refurbishment" title="Sustainable refurbishment">Sustainable refurbishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_energy_storage" title="Thermal energy storage">Thermal energy storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_green_building" title="Tropical green building">Tropical green building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste-to-energy" title="Waste-to-energy">Waste-to-energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_heating_building" title="Zero heating building">Zero heating building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-energy_building" title="Zero-energy building">Zero-energy building</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#c8ffb8;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">Renewable energy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_biofuel" title="Sustainable biofuel">Sustainable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomass" title="Biomass">Biomass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon-neutral_fuel" title="Carbon-neutral fuel">Carbon-neutral fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_energy" title="Geothermal energy">Geothermal energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power" title="Geothermal power">Geothermal power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_heating" title="Geothermal heating">Geothermal heating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydropower" title="Hydropower">Hydropower</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">Hydroelectricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro_hydro" title="Micro hydro">Micro hydro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pico_hydro" title="Pico hydro">Pico hydro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run-of-the-river_hydroelectricity" title="Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity">Run-of-the-river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_hydro" title="Small hydro">Small hydro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_current_power" title="Marine current power">Marine current power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_energy" title="Marine energy">Marine energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_power" title="Tidal power">Tidal power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_barrage" title="Tidal barrage">Tidal barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_farm" title="Tidal farm">Tidal farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_stream_generator" title="Tidal stream generator">Tidal stream generator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_thermal_energy_conversion" title="Ocean thermal energy conversion">Ocean thermal energy conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_transition" title="Energy transition">Renewable energy transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_heat" title="Renewable heat">Renewable heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power" title="Solar power">Solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wave_power" title="Wave power">Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power" title="Wind power">Wind</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_wind_energy" title="Community wind energy">Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_farm" title="Wind farm">Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_wind_turbine" title="Floating wind turbine">Floating wind turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_forecasting" title="Wind power forecasting">Forecasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_industry" title="Wind power industry">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_lens" title="Wind lens">Lens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_wind_energy" title="Outline of wind energy">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_rights" title="Wind rights">Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_turbine" title="Wind turbine">Turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windbelt" title="Windbelt">Windbelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windpump" title="Windpump">Windpump</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;padding-bottom:0;background:#c8ffb8;font-size:100%;font-weight:bold;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">Sustainable transport</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_vehicle" title="Green vehicle">Green vehicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric vehicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">Bicycle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_vehicle" title="Solar vehicle">Solar vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind-powered_vehicle" title="Wind-powered vehicle">Wind-powered vehicle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_vehicle" title="Hybrid vehicle">Hybrid vehicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human%E2%80%93electric_hybrid_vehicle" title="Human–electric hybrid vehicle">Human-electric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twike" title="Twike">Twike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">Plug-in</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">Human-powered transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_helicopter" title="Human-powered helicopter">Helicopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_hydrofoil" title="Human-powered hydrofoil">Hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_land_vehicle" title="Human-powered land vehicle">Land vehicle</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">Cycle rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick_scooter" title="Kick scooter">Kick scooter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Quadracycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricycle" title="Tricycle">Tricycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velomobile" title="Velomobile">Velomobile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skating" title="Roller skating">Roller skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skateboarding" title="Skateboarding">Skateboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">Walking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_watercraft" title="Human-powered watercraft">Watercraft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_transporter" title="Personal transporter">Personal transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">Rail transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">Tram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sustainable_energy" title="Template:Sustainable energy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sustainable_energy" title="Template talk:Sustainable energy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sustainable_energy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sustainable energy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="35" data-mwtitle="Campana_clásica_de_bicicleta_(sonido)_02.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Campana_cl%C3%A1sica_de_bicicleta_(sonido)_02.wav"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/Campana_cl%C3%A1sica_de_bicicleta_%28sonido%29_02.wav/Campana_cl%C3%A1sica_de_bicicleta_%28sonido%29_02.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/Campana_cl%C3%A1sica_de_bicicleta_%28sonido%29_02.wav/Campana_cl%C3%A1sica_de_bicicleta_%28sonido%29_02.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Campana_cl%C3%A1sica_de_bicicleta_%28sonido%29_02.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ACampana_cl%C3%A1sica_de_bicicleta_%28sonido%29_02.wav&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption>Classic bell of a bicycle</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>bicycle</b>, also called a <b>pedal cycle</b>, <b>bike</b>, <b>push-bike</b> or <b>cycle</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">human-powered</a> or <a href="/wiki/Motorized_bicycle" title="Motorized bicycle">motor-assisted</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pedal" title="Bicycle pedal">pedal-driven</a>, <a href="/wiki/Single-track_vehicle" title="Single-track vehicle">single-track vehicle</a>, with two <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_wheel" title="Bicycle wheel">wheels</a> attached to a <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_frame" title="Bicycle frame">frame</a>, one behind the other. A <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="bicycle_rider"></span><span id="BICYCLE_RIDER"></span><span class="vanchor-text">bicycle rider</span></span> is called a cyclist, or bicyclist. </p><p>Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. By the early 21st century there were more than 1 billion bicycles.<sup id="cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koeppel2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Economist2011_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Economist2011-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are many more bicycles than <a href="/wiki/Car" title="Car">cars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Squatriglia2008_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Squatriglia2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AMA2006_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMA2006-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ABC_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bicycles are the principal <a href="/wiki/Mode_of_transport" title="Mode of transport">means of transport</a> in many regions. They also provide a popular form of <a href="/wiki/Recreation" title="Recreation">recreation</a>, and have been adapted for use as <a href="/wiki/Toy" title="Toy">children's toys</a>. Bicycles are used for <a href="/wiki/Physical_fitness" title="Physical fitness">fitness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_bicycle" title="Military bicycle">military</a> and <a href="/wiki/Police_bicycle" title="Police bicycle">police</a> applications, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_messenger" title="Bicycle messenger">courier services</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cycle_sport" title="Cycle sport">bicycle racing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Artistic_cycling" title="Artistic cycling">artistic cycling</a>. </p><p>The basic shape and configuration of a typical <a href="/wiki/Safety_bicycle" title="Safety bicycle">upright or "safety" bicycle</a>, has changed little since the first <a href="/wiki/Chain_drive" title="Chain drive">chain-driven</a> model was developed around 1885.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004200–50_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004200–50-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004280_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004280-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, many details have been improved, especially since the advent of <a href="/wiki/Modern_materials" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern materials">modern materials</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">computer-aided design</a>. These have allowed for a proliferation of specialized designs for many types of cycling. In the 21st century, <a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">electric bicycles</a> have become popular. </p><p>The bicycle's invention has had an enormous effect on society, both in terms of <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_culture" title="Bicycle culture">culture</a> and of advancing modern <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_industry" title="Bicycle industry">industrial</a> methods. Several components that played a key role in the development of the automobile were initially invented for use in the bicycle, including <a href="/wiki/Ball_bearing" title="Ball bearing">ball bearings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">pneumatic tires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chain-driven_sprocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Chain-driven sprocket">chain-driven sprockets</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wire_wheels" class="mw-redirect" title="Wire wheels">tension-spoked wheels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <p>The word <i>bicycle</i> first appeared in English print in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_News_(UK)" title="The Daily News (UK)">The Daily News</a></i> in 1868, to describe "Bysicles and trysicles" on the "Champs Elysées and Bois de Boulogne".<sup id="cite_ref-OED_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word was first used in 1847 in a French publication to describe an unidentified two-wheeled vehicle, possibly a carriage.<sup id="cite_ref-OED_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design of the bicycle was an advance on the <a href="/wiki/Velocipede" title="Velocipede">velocipede</a>, although the words were used with some degree of overlap for a time.<sup id="cite_ref-OED_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other words for bicycle include "bike",<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "pushbike",<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "pedal cycle",<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "cycle".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Code_point" title="Code point">code point</a> for "bicycle" is 0x1F6B2. The <a href="/wiki/Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">entity</a> <code>&#x1F6B2;</code> in <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> produces 🚲.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although bike and cycle are used interchangeably to refer mostly to two types of two-wheelers, the terms still vary across the world. In India, for example, a cycle<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> refers only to a two-wheeler using pedal power whereas the term bike is used to describe a two-wheeler using <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion engine</a> or <a href="/wiki/Electric_motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric motors">electric motors</a> as a source of motive power instead of motorcycle/motorbike. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_bicycle" title="History of the bicycle">History of the bicycle</a></div><p>The "<a href="/wiki/Dandy_horse" title="Dandy horse">dandy horse</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also called <i>Draisienne</i> or <i>Laufmaschine</i> ("running machine"), was the first human means of transport to use only two wheels in <a href="/wiki/Tandem" title="Tandem">tandem</a> and was invented by the German <a href="/wiki/Freiherr" title="Freiherr">Baron</a> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Drais" title="Karl Drais">Karl von Drais</a>. It is regarded as the first bicycle and von Drais is seen as the "father of the bicycle",<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it did not have pedals.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Von Drais introduced it to the public in <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> in 1817 and in Paris in 1818.<sup id="cite_ref-csts_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csts-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy200426_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy200426-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its rider sat astride a wooden frame supported by two in-line wheels and pushed the vehicle along with his or her feet while steering the front wheel.<sup id="cite_ref-csts_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csts-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Treadle_bicycle" title="Treadle bicycle">first mechanically propelled, two-wheeled vehicle</a> may have been built by <a href="/wiki/Kirkpatrick_MacMillan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkpatrick MacMillan">Kirkpatrick MacMillan</a>, a Scottish blacksmith, in 1839, although the claim is often disputed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy200466–67_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy200466–67-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is also associated with the first recorded instance of a cycling traffic offense, when a Glasgow newspaper in 1842 reported an accident in which an anonymous "gentleman from Dumfries-shire... bestride a velocipede... of ingenious design" knocked over a little girl in Glasgow and was fined five <a href="/wiki/Shilling" title="Shilling">shillings</a> (equivalent to £30 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 1860s, Frenchmen <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Michaux" title="Pierre Michaux">Pierre Michaux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lallement" title="Pierre Lallement">Pierre Lallement</a> took bicycle design in a new direction by adding a mechanical <a href="/wiki/Crank_(mechanism)" title="Crank (mechanism)">crank</a> drive with pedals on an enlarged front wheel (the <a href="/wiki/Velocipede" title="Velocipede">velocipede</a>). This was the first in mass production. Another French inventor named Douglas Grasso had a failed prototype of Pierre Lallement's bicycle several years earlier. Several inventions followed using rear-wheel drive, the best known being the rod-driven velocipede by Scotsman <a href="/wiki/Thomas_McCall_(inventor)" title="Thomas McCall (inventor)">Thomas McCall</a> in 1869. In that same year, bicycle wheels with wire spokes were patented by <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Meyer_(inventor)" title="Eugène Meyer (inventor)">Eugène Meyer</a> of Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French <i>vélocipède</i>, made of iron and wood, developed into the "<a href="/wiki/Penny-farthing" title="Penny-farthing">penny-farthing</a>" (historically known as an "ordinary bicycle", a <a href="/wiki/Retronym" title="Retronym">retronym</a>, since there was then no other kind).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200150_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200150-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It featured a tubular steel frame on which were mounted wire-spoked wheels with solid rubber tires. These bicycles were difficult to ride due to their high seat and poor <a href="/wiki/Weight_distribution" title="Weight distribution">weight distribution</a>. In 1868 Rowley Turner, a sales agent of the Coventry Sewing Machine Company (which soon became the <a href="/wiki/Hillman#History" title="Hillman">Coventry Machinists Company</a>), brought a Michaux cycle to <a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a>, England. His uncle, Josiah Turner, and business partner <a href="/wiki/James_Starley" title="James Starley">James Starley</a>, used this as a basis for the 'Coventry Model' in what became Britain's first cycle factory.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>dwarf ordinary</i> addressed some of these faults by reducing the front wheel <a href="/wiki/Diameter" title="Diameter">diameter</a> and setting the <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_seat" title="Bicycle seat">seat</a> further back. This, in turn, required gearing—effected in a variety of ways—to efficiently use pedal power. Having to both pedal and steer via the front wheel remained a problem. Englishman <a href="/wiki/John_Kemp_Starley" title="John Kemp Starley">J.K. Starley</a> (nephew of James Starley), J.H. Lawson, and Shergold solved this problem by introducing the <a href="/wiki/Chain_drive" title="Chain drive">chain drive</a> (originated by the unsuccessful "bicyclette" of Englishman Henry Lawson),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200147_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200147-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> connecting the frame-mounted cranks to the rear wheel. These models were known as <a href="/wiki/Safety_bicycle" title="Safety bicycle">safety bicycles</a>, dwarf safeties, or upright bicycles for their lower seat height and better weight distribution, although without pneumatic tires the ride of the smaller-wheeled bicycle would be much rougher than that of the larger-wheeled variety. Starley's 1885 <a href="/wiki/Rover_Company" title="Rover Company">Rover</a>, manufactured in Coventry<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is usually described as the first recognizably modern bicycle.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon the <i>seat tube</i> was added which created the modern bike's double-triangle <i>diamond frame</i>. </p><p>Further innovations increased comfort and ushered in a second <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_craze" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle craze">bicycle craze</a>, the 1890s <i>Golden Age of Bicycles</i>. In 1888, Scotsman <a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Dunlop" title="John Boyd Dunlop">John Boyd Dunlop</a> introduced the first practical pneumatic tire, which soon became universal. <a href="/wiki/Willie_Hume" title="Willie Hume">Willie Hume</a> demonstrated the supremacy of Dunlop's tyres in 1889, winning the tyre's first-ever races in Ireland and then England.<sup id="cite_ref-Gold_Hume_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gold_Hume-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dunlop_time_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunlop_time-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon after, the rear <a href="/wiki/Freewheel" title="Freewheel">freewheel</a> was developed, enabling the rider to coast. This refinement led to the 1890s invention<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of <a href="/wiki/Coaster_brake" class="mw-redirect" title="Coaster brake">coaster brakes</a>. <a href="/wiki/Derailleur_gears" class="mw-redirect" title="Derailleur gears">Dérailleur gears</a> and hand-operated <a href="/wiki/Bowden_cable" title="Bowden cable">Bowden cable</a>-pull brakes were also developed during these years, but were only slowly adopted by casual riders. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Svea_Velocipede" title="Svea Velocipede">Svea Velocipede</a> with vertical pedal arrangement and <a href="/wiki/Locking_hubs" title="Locking hubs">locking hubs</a> was introduced in 1892 by the Swedish engineers <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Ljungstr%C3%B6m" title="Fredrik Ljungström">Fredrik Ljungström</a> and <a href="/wiki/Birger_Ljungstr%C3%B6m" title="Birger Ljungström">Birger Ljungström</a>. It attracted attention at the <a href="/wiki/World_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="World Fair">World Fair</a> and was produced in a few thousand units. </p><p>In the 1870s many <a href="/wiki/Cycling_club" title="Cycling club">cycling clubs</a> flourished. They were popular in a time when there were no cars on the market and the principal mode of transportation was <a href="/wiki/Horse-drawn_vehicle" title="Horse-drawn vehicle">horse-drawn vehicles</a>, such the <a href="/wiki/Horse_and_buggy" class="mw-redirect" title="Horse and buggy">horse and buggy</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horsecar</a>. Among the earliest clubs was <a href="/wiki/Cycling_UK" title="Cycling UK">The Bicycle Touring Club</a>, which has operated since 1878. By the turn of the century, cycling clubs flourished on both sides of the Atlantic, and touring and racing became widely popular. The <a href="/wiki/Raleigh_Bicycle_Company" title="Raleigh Bicycle Company">Raleigh Bicycle Company</a> was founded in Nottingham, England in 1888. It became the biggest bicycle manufacturing company in the world, making over two million bikes per year.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bicycles and horse buggies were the two mainstays of private transportation just prior to the automobile, and the grading of smooth roads in the late 19th century was stimulated by the widespread advertising, production, and use of these devices.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004280_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004280-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than 1 billion bicycles have been manufactured worldwide as of the early 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koeppel2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Economist2011_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Economist2011-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bicycles are the most common vehicle of any kind in the world, and the most numerous model of any kind of vehicle, whether human-powered or <a href="/wiki/Motor_vehicle" title="Motor vehicle">motor vehicle</a>, is the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Flying_Pigeon" title="Flying Pigeon">Flying Pigeon</a>, with numbers exceeding 500 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koeppel2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next most numerous vehicle, the <a href="/wiki/Honda_Super_Cub" title="Honda Super Cub">Honda Super Cub</a> motorcycle, has more than 100 million units made,<sup id="cite_ref-SuperCub_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SuperCub-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while most produced car, the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Corolla" title="Toyota Corolla">Toyota Corolla</a>, has reached 44 million and counting.<sup id="cite_ref-Squatriglia2008_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Squatriglia2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AMA2006_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMA2006-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ABC_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoxBusiness_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoxBusiness-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 305.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 303.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Women_on_bicycles,_late_19th_Century_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Women on bicycles on unpaved road, US, late 19th century"><img alt="Women on bicycles on unpaved road, US, late 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Women_on_bicycles%2C_late_19th_Century_USA.jpg/455px-Women_on_bicycles%2C_late_19th_Century_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="304" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Women_on_bicycles%2C_late_19th_Century_USA.jpg/682px-Women_on_bicycles%2C_late_19th_Century_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Women_on_bicycles%2C_late_19th_Century_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="808" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Women on bicycles on unpaved road, US, late 19th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 204px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 202px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordinary_bicycle01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A penny-farthing or ordinary bicycle photographed in the Škoda Auto museum in the Czech Republic"><img alt="A penny-farthing or ordinary bicycle photographed in the Škoda Auto museum in the Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Ordinary_bicycle01.jpg/303px-Ordinary_bicycle01.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Ordinary_bicycle01.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="385" data-file-height="381" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <i><a href="/wiki/Penny-farthing" title="Penny-farthing">penny-farthing</a></i> or <i>ordinary bicycle</i> photographed in the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Auto" title="Škoda Auto">Škoda Auto</a> museum in the Czech Republic</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Svea_Velocipede.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Svea Velocipede by Fredrik Ljungström and Birger Ljungström, exhibited at the Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology"><img alt="The Svea Velocipede by Fredrik Ljungström and Birger Ljungström, exhibited at the Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Svea_Velocipede.jpg/169px-Svea_Velocipede.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Svea_Velocipede.jpg/253px-Svea_Velocipede.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Svea_Velocipede.jpg/337px-Svea_Velocipede.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2988" data-file-height="5312" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Svea_Velocipede" title="Svea Velocipede">Svea Velocipede</a> by <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Ljungstr%C3%B6m" title="Fredrik Ljungström">Fredrik Ljungström</a> and <a href="/wiki/Birger_Ljungstr%C3%B6m" title="Birger Ljungström">Birger Ljungström</a>, exhibited at the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_National_Museum_of_Science_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology">Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 222px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BicyclePlymouth.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bicycle in Plymouth, England, at the start of the 20th century"><img alt="Bicycle in Plymouth, England, at the start of the 20th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/BicyclePlymouth.jpg/330px-BicyclePlymouth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/BicyclePlymouth.jpg/495px-BicyclePlymouth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/BicyclePlymouth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bicycle in <a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Plymouth, England">Plymouth</a>, England, at the start of the 20th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 269.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 267.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ant%C3%B4nio,_Lu%C3%ADs_and_Pedro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brazilian princes (from left) Antônio, Luís, and Pedro on a triple tandem bicycle during their exile, 1891"><img alt="Brazilian princes (from left) Antônio, Luís, and Pedro on a triple tandem bicycle during their exile, 1891" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Ant%C3%B4nio%2C_Lu%C3%ADs_and_Pedro.jpg/401px-Ant%C3%B4nio%2C_Lu%C3%ADs_and_Pedro.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Ant%C3%B4nio%2C_Lu%C3%ADs_and_Pedro.jpg/601px-Ant%C3%B4nio%2C_Lu%C3%ADs_and_Pedro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Ant%C3%B4nio%2C_Lu%C3%ADs_and_Pedro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="599" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Brazilian princes (from left) <a href="/wiki/Prince_Ant%C3%B4nio_Gast%C3%A3o_of_Orl%C3%A9ans-Braganza" title="Prince Antônio Gastão of Orléans-Braganza">Antônio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Lu%C3%ADs_of_Orl%C3%A9ans-Braganza_(1878%E2%80%931920)" title="Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza (1878–1920)">Luís</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara,_Prince_of_Gr%C3%A3o-Par%C3%A1" title="Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará">Pedro</a> on a triple tandem bicycle during their exile, 1891</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 157.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Man_with_bicycle_(I0002502).tiff" class="mw-file-description" title="Man with a bicycle in Glengarry County, Ontario between 1895 and 1910"><img alt="Man with a bicycle in Glengarry County, Ontario between 1895 and 1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Man_with_bicycle_%28I0002502%29.tiff/lossy-page1-233px-Man_with_bicycle_%28I0002502%29.tiff.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Man_with_bicycle_%28I0002502%29.tiff/lossy-page1-349px-Man_with_bicycle_%28I0002502%29.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Man_with_bicycle_%28I0002502%29.tiff/lossy-page1-466px-Man_with_bicycle_%28I0002502%29.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3018" data-file-height="3887" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Man with a bicycle in Glengarry County, Ontario between 1895 and 1910</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 366px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 364px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_first_bicycle.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The first bicycle by Baron Karl von Drais"><img alt="The first bicycle by Baron Karl von Drais" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/The_first_bicycle.png/546px-The_first_bicycle.png" decoding="async" width="364" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/The_first_bicycle.png 1.5x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="328" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The first bicycle by <a href="/wiki/Freiherr" title="Freiherr">Baron</a> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Drais" title="Karl Drais">Karl von Drais</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_London_Hansom_Cycle_1896.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Drawing from an 1896 newspaper of The London Hansom Cycle"><img alt="Drawing from an 1896 newspaper of The London Hansom Cycle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/The_London_Hansom_Cycle_1896.png/358px-The_London_Hansom_Cycle_1896.png" decoding="async" width="239" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/The_London_Hansom_Cycle_1896.png 1.5x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="334" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Drawing from an 1896 newspaper of The London Hansom Cycle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Draisine_or_Laufmaschine,_around_1820._Archetype_of_the_Bicycle._Pic_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wooden draisine (around 1820), the first two-wheeler and as such the archetype of the bicycle"><img alt="Wooden draisine (around 1820), the first two-wheeler and as such the archetype of the bicycle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Draisine_or_Laufmaschine%2C_around_1820._Archetype_of_the_Bicycle._Pic_01.jpg/400px-Draisine_or_Laufmaschine%2C_around_1820._Archetype_of_the_Bicycle._Pic_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Draisine_or_Laufmaschine%2C_around_1820._Archetype_of_the_Bicycle._Pic_01.jpg/600px-Draisine_or_Laufmaschine%2C_around_1820._Archetype_of_the_Bicycle._Pic_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Draisine_or_Laufmaschine%2C_around_1820._Archetype_of_the_Bicycle._Pic_01.jpg/800px-Draisine_or_Laufmaschine%2C_around_1820._Archetype_of_the_Bicycle._Pic_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wooden <i><a href="/wiki/Dandy_horse" title="Dandy horse">draisine</a></i> (around 1820), the first two-wheeler and as such the archetype of the bicycle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 229.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 227.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Michauxjun.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Michaux's son on a velocipede 1868"><img alt="Michaux's son on a velocipede 1868" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Michauxjun.jpg/341px-Michauxjun.jpg" decoding="async" width="228" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Michauxjun.jpg/512px-Michauxjun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Michauxjun.jpg/683px-Michauxjun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1406" data-file-height="1236" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Michaux's son on a velocipede 1868</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 198.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 196.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_CTC_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cyclists' Touring Club sign on display at the National Museum of Scotland"><img alt="Cyclists' Touring Club sign on display at the National Museum of Scotland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Old_CTC_sign.jpg/295px-Old_CTC_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Old_CTC_sign.jpg/443px-Old_CTC_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Old_CTC_sign.jpg/591px-Old_CTC_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="2133" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cycling_UK" title="Cycling UK">Cyclists' Touring Club</a> sign on display at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Scotland" title="National Museum of Scotland">National Museum of Scotland</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Boyd_Dunlop_(c1915).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Boyd Dunlop on a bicycle c. 1915"><img alt="John Boyd Dunlop on a bicycle c. 1915" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/John_Boyd_Dunlop_%28c1915%29.jpg/225px-John_Boyd_Dunlop_%28c1915%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/John_Boyd_Dunlop_%28c1915%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Dunlop" title="John Boyd Dunlop">John Boyd Dunlop</a> on a bicycle <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1915</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1886_Starley_%27Rover%27_Safety_Cycle_British_Motor_Museum_09-2016_(29928044262).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1886 Rover safety bicycle at the British Motor Museum. The first modern bicycle, it featured a rear-wheel-drive, chain-driven cycle with two similar-sized wheels. Dunlop's pneumatic tire was added to the bicycle in 1888."><img alt="1886 Rover safety bicycle at the British Motor Museum. The first modern bicycle, it featured a rear-wheel-drive, chain-driven cycle with two similar-sized wheels. Dunlop's pneumatic tire was added to the bicycle in 1888." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1886_Starley_%27Rover%27_Safety_Cycle_British_Motor_Museum_09-2016_%2829928044262%29.jpg/400px-1886_Starley_%27Rover%27_Safety_Cycle_British_Motor_Museum_09-2016_%2829928044262%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1886_Starley_%27Rover%27_Safety_Cycle_British_Motor_Museum_09-2016_%2829928044262%29.jpg/600px-1886_Starley_%27Rover%27_Safety_Cycle_British_Motor_Museum_09-2016_%2829928044262%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1886_Starley_%27Rover%27_Safety_Cycle_British_Motor_Museum_09-2016_%2829928044262%29.jpg/800px-1886_Starley_%27Rover%27_Safety_Cycle_British_Motor_Museum_09-2016_%2829928044262%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3003" data-file-height="2252" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1886 <a href="/wiki/Rover_Company#Before_cars" title="Rover Company">Rover</a> <a href="/wiki/Safety_bicycle" title="Safety bicycle">safety bicycle</a> at the <a href="/wiki/British_Motor_Museum" title="British Motor Museum">British Motor Museum</a>. The first modern bicycle, it featured a rear-wheel-drive, <a href="/wiki/Chain-drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Chain-drive">chain-driven</a> cycle with two similar-sized wheels. Dunlop's <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">pneumatic tire</a> was added to the bicycle in 1888.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2></div> <p>Bicycles are used for transportation, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_commuting" title="Bicycle commuting">bicycle commuting</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Utility_cycling" title="Utility cycling">utility cycling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are also used professionally by <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_mail" title="Bicycle mail">mail carriers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paramedic" title="Paramedic">paramedics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_bicycle" title="Police bicycle">police</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_messenger" title="Bicycle messenger">messengers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cargo_bike" title="Cargo bike">general delivery</a> services. Military uses of bicycles include <a href="/wiki/Military_communications" title="Military communications">communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a>, troop movement, supply of provisions, and patrol, such as in <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_infantry" title="Bicycle infantry">bicycle infantries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They are also used for recreational purposes, including <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_touring" title="Bicycle touring">bicycle touring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mountain_biking" title="Mountain biking">mountain biking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physical_fitness" title="Physical fitness">physical fitness</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Play_(activity)" title="Play (activity)">play</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cycle_sport" title="Cycle sport">Bicycle sports</a> include <a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing" title="Road bicycle racing">racing</a>, <a href="/wiki/BMX_racing" title="BMX racing">BMX racing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Track_cycling" title="Track cycling">track racing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Criterium" title="Criterium">criterium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_rollers" title="Bicycle rollers">roller racing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyclosportive" title="Cyclosportive">sportives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Time_trial" title="Time trial">time trials</a>. Major multi-stage professional events are the <a href="/wiki/Giro_d%27Italia" title="Giro d'Italia">Giro d'Italia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tour_de_France" title="Tour de France">Tour de France</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Vuelta_a_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Vuelta a España">Vuelta a España</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tour_de_Pologne" title="Tour de Pologne">Tour de Pologne</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Volta_a_Portugal" title="Volta a Portugal">Volta a Portugal</a>. They are also used for entertainment and pleasure in other ways, such as in organised mass rides, <a href="/wiki/Artistic_cycling" title="Artistic cycling">artistic cycling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_BMX" title="Freestyle BMX">freestyle BMX</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_aspects">Technical aspects</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bicycle" title="Special:EditPage/Bicycle">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Firefighter_bicycle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Firefighter_bicycle.jpg/220px-Firefighter_bicycle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Firefighter_bicycle.jpg/330px-Firefighter_bicycle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Firefighter_bicycle.jpg/440px-Firefighter_bicycle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Firefighter bicycle</figcaption></figure> <p>The bicycle has undergone continual adaptation and improvement since its inception. These innovations have continued with the advent of modern materials and computer-aided design, allowing for a proliferation of specialized bicycle types, improved <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_safety" title="Bicycle safety">bicycle safety</a>, and riding comfort.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types">Types</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle_types" title="List of bicycle types">List of bicycle types</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_man_riding_an_electric_bicycle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/A_man_riding_an_electric_bicycle.jpg/220px-A_man_riding_an_electric_bicycle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/A_man_riding_an_electric_bicycle.jpg/330px-A_man_riding_an_electric_bicycle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/A_man_riding_an_electric_bicycle.jpg/440px-A_man_riding_an_electric_bicycle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2656" data-file-height="1494" /></a><figcaption>A man riding an <a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">electric bicycle</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Bicycles can be categorized in many different ways: by function, by number of riders, by general construction, by gearing or by means of propulsion. The more common types include <a href="/wiki/Utility_bicycle" title="Utility bicycle">utility bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mountain_bicycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain bicycle">mountain bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Racing_bicycle" title="Racing bicycle">racing bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Touring_bicycle" title="Touring bicycle">touring bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_bicycle" title="Hybrid bicycle">hybrid bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cruiser_bicycle" title="Cruiser bicycle">cruiser bicycles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/BMX_bike" title="BMX bike">BMX bikes</a>. Less common are <a href="/wiki/Tandem_bicycle" title="Tandem bicycle">tandems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lowrider_bicycle" title="Lowrider bicycle">low riders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tall_bike" title="Tall bike">tall bikes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fixed-gear_bicycle" title="Fixed-gear bicycle">fixed gear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Folding_bicycle" title="Folding bicycle">folding models</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_bicycles" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibious bicycles">amphibious bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cargo_bike" title="Cargo bike">cargo bikes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">recumbents</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycles" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric bicycles">electric bicycles</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Unicycle" title="Unicycle">Unicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tricycle" title="Tricycle">tricycles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quadracycle_(human-powered_vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadracycle (human-powered vehicle)">quadracycles</a> are not strictly bicycles, as they have respectively one, three and four wheels, but are often referred to informally as "bikes" or "cycles". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dynamics">Dynamics</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_dynamics" title="Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics">Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jersey_Town_Criterium_2011_81.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Jersey_Town_Criterium_2011_81.jpg/170px-Jersey_Town_Criterium_2011_81.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Jersey_Town_Criterium_2011_81.jpg/255px-Jersey_Town_Criterium_2011_81.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Jersey_Town_Criterium_2011_81.jpg/340px-Jersey_Town_Criterium_2011_81.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1914" data-file-height="2261" /></a><figcaption>A cyclist leaning in a turn</figcaption></figure> <p>A bicycle stays upright while moving forward by being steered so as to keep its <a href="/wiki/Center_of_mass" title="Center of mass">center of mass</a> over the wheels.<sup id="cite_ref-NS2581_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NS2581-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This steering is usually provided by the rider, but under certain conditions may be provided by the bicycle itself.<sup id="cite_ref-MPRS_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPRS-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The combined center of mass of a bicycle and its rider must lean into a turn to successfully navigate it. This lean is induced by a method known as <a href="/wiki/Countersteering" title="Countersteering">countersteering</a>, which can be performed by the rider turning the handlebars directly with the hands<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or indirectly by leaning the bicycle.<sup id="cite_ref-fajans_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fajans-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Short-wheelbase or tall bicycles, when braking, can generate enough stopping force at the front wheel to flip longitudinally.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The act of purposefully using this force to lift the rear wheel and balance on the front without tipping over is a trick known as a <a href="/wiki/Stoppie" title="Stoppie">stoppie</a>, endo, or front wheelie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performance">Performance</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_performance" title="Bicycle performance">Bicycle performance</a></div> <p>The bicycle is extraordinarily efficient in both biological and mechanical terms. The bicycle is the most efficient human-powered means of transportation in terms of energy a person must expend to travel a given distance.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From a mechanical viewpoint, up to 99% of the energy delivered by the rider into the pedals is transmitted to the wheels, although the use of gearing mechanisms may reduce this by 10–15%.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-whitt_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitt-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In terms of the ratio of cargo weight a bicycle can carry to total weight, it is also an efficient means of cargo transportation. </p><p>A human traveling on a bicycle at low to medium speeds of around 16–24 km/h (10–15 mph) uses only the power required to walk. Air drag, which is proportional to the square of speed, requires dramatically higher power outputs as speeds increase. If the rider is sitting upright, the rider's body creates about 75% of the total drag of the bicycle/rider combination. Drag can be reduced by seating the rider in a more <a href="/wiki/Aerodynamic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerodynamic">aerodynamically</a> streamlined position. Drag can also be reduced by covering the bicycle with an aerodynamic <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_fairing" title="Bicycle fairing">fairing</a>. The fastest recorded unpaced speed on a flat surface is 144.18 km/h (89.59 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-upi_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upi-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a> generated in the production and transportation of the food required by the bicyclist, per mile traveled, is less than <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">10</span></span> that generated by energy efficient motorcars.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 269.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 267.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Corsa_bacchetta.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A recumbent bicycle"><img alt="A recumbent bicycle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Corsa_bacchetta.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="190" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">recumbent bicycle</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 286.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 284.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wooden_bicycle_for_young_child.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balance bicycle for young children"><img alt="Balance bicycle for young children" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Wooden_bicycle_for_young_child.jpg/427px-Wooden_bicycle_for_young_child.jpg" decoding="async" width="285" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Wooden_bicycle_for_young_child.jpg/640px-Wooden_bicycle_for_young_child.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Wooden_bicycle_for_young_child.jpg/854px-Wooden_bicycle_for_young_child.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="2322" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Balance_bicycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Balance bicycle">Balance bicycle</a> for young children</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parts">Parts</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bicycle" title="Special:EditPage/Bicycle">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Frame">Frame</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_frame" title="Bicycle frame">Bicycle frame</a></div> <p>The great majority of modern bicycles have a frame with upright seating that looks much like the first chain-driven bike.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004200–50_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004200–50-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004280_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004280-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These upright bicycles almost always feature the <i>diamond frame</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Truss" title="Truss">truss</a> consisting of two triangles: the front triangle and the rear triangle. The front triangle consists of the head tube, top tube, down tube, and seat tube. The head tube contains the <a href="/wiki/Headset_(bicycle_part)" title="Headset (bicycle part)">headset</a>, the set of bearings that allows the <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_fork" title="Bicycle fork">fork</a> to turn smoothly for steering and balance. The top tube connects the head tube to the seat tube at the top, and the down tube connects the head tube to the <a href="/wiki/Bottom_bracket" title="Bottom bracket">bottom bracket</a>. The rear triangle consists of the seat tube and paired chain stays and seat stays. The chain stays run parallel to the <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_chain" title="Bicycle chain">chain</a>, connecting the bottom bracket to the rear <a href="/wiki/Fork_end" title="Fork end">dropout</a>, where the axle for the rear wheel is held. The seat stays connect the top of the seat tube (at or near the same point as the top tube) to the rear fork ends. </p><p>Historically, women's bicycle frames had a top tube that connected in the middle of the seat tube instead of the top, resulting in a lower <a href="/wiki/Frame_geometry" class="mw-redirect" title="Frame geometry">standover height</a> at the expense of compromised structural integrity, since this places a strong bending load in the seat tube, and bicycle frame members are typically weak in bending. This design, referred to as a <i><a href="/wiki/Step-through_frame" title="Step-through frame">step-through frame</a></i> or as an <i>open frame</i>, allows the rider to mount and dismount in a dignified way while wearing a skirt or dress. While some women's bicycles continue to use this frame style, there is also a variation, the <i><a href="/wiki/Mixte" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixte">mixte</a></i>, which splits the top tube laterally into two thinner top tubes that bypass the seat tube on each side and connect to the rear fork ends. The ease of stepping through is also appreciated by those with limited flexibility or other joint problems. Because of its persistent image as a "women's" bicycle, step-through frames are not common for larger frames. </p><p>Step-throughs were popular partly for practical reasons and partly for social mores of the day. For most of the history of bicycles' popularity women have worn long skirts, and the lower frame accommodated these better than the top-tube. Furthermore, it was considered "unladylike" for women to open their legs to mount and dismount—in more conservative times women who rode bicycles at all were vilified as immoral or immodest. These practices were akin to the older practice of riding horse <a href="/wiki/Sidesaddle" title="Sidesaddle">sidesaddle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another style is the <a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">recumbent bicycle</a>. These are inherently more aerodynamic than upright versions, as the rider may lean back onto a support and operate pedals that are on about the same level as the seat. The world's fastest bicycle is a recumbent bicycle but this type was banned from competition in 1934 by the <a href="/wiki/Union_Cycliste_Internationale" title="Union Cycliste Internationale">Union Cycliste Internationale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically, materials used in bicycles have followed a similar pattern as in aircraft, the goal being high strength and low weight. Since the late 1930s alloy steels have been used for frame and fork tubes in higher quality machines. By the 1980s <a href="/wiki/Aluminum" class="mw-redirect" title="Aluminum">aluminum</a> <a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">welding</a> techniques had improved to the point that aluminum tube could safely be used in place of <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>. Since then aluminum alloy frames and other components have become popular due to their light weight, and most mid-range bikes are now principally aluminum alloy of some kind.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)"><span title="The geographic scope near this tag is ambiguous. (August 2012)">where?</span></a></i>]</sup> More expensive bikes use <a href="/wiki/Carbon_fibre" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon fibre">carbon fibre</a> due to its significantly lighter weight and profiling ability, allowing designers to make a bike both stiff and compliant by manipulating the lay-up. Virtually all professional racing bicycles now use carbon fibre frames, as they have the best strength to weight ratio. A typical modern carbon fiber frame can weigh less than 1 kilogram (2.2 lb). </p><p>Other exotic frame materials include <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a> and advanced alloys. <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">Bamboo</a>, a natural <a href="/wiki/Composite_material" title="Composite material">composite material</a> with high strength-to-weight ratio and <a href="/wiki/Stiffness" title="Stiffness">stiffness</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lakkad_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lakkad-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has been used for bicycles since 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-lukenbill_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lukenbill-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent versions use bamboo for the primary frame with glued metal connections and parts, priced as exotic models.<sup id="cite_ref-lukenbill_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lukenbill-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 322px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 320px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bicycle_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diagram of a bicycle"><img alt="Diagram of a bicycle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bicycle_diagram.svg/480px-Bicycle_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bicycle_diagram.svg/720px-Bicycle_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bicycle_diagram.svg/960px-Bicycle_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diagram of a bicycle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Triumph_Bicycle.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A Triumph with a step-through frame"><img alt="A Triumph with a step-through frame" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Triumph_Bicycle.JPG/320px-Triumph_Bicycle.JPG" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Triumph_Bicycle.JPG/480px-Triumph_Bicycle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Triumph_Bicycle.JPG/640px-Triumph_Bicycle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Triumph_Cycle_Co._Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Triumph Cycle Co. Ltd.">Triumph</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Step-through_frame" title="Step-through frame">step-through frame</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trek_Y_Foil.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A carbon fiber Trek Y-Foil from the late 1990s"><img alt="A carbon fiber Trek Y-Foil from the late 1990s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Trek_Y_Foil.jpg/320px-Trek_Y_Foil.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Trek_Y_Foil.jpg/480px-Trek_Y_Foil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Trek_Y_Foil.jpg/640px-Trek_Y_Foil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A carbon fiber <a href="/wiki/Trek_Bicycle_Corporation" title="Trek Bicycle Corporation">Trek</a> Y-Foil from the late 1990s</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drivetrain_and_gearing">Drivetrain and gearing</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_drivetrain_systems" title="Bicycle drivetrain systems">Bicycle drivetrain systems</a></div> <p>The <i>drivetrain</i> begins with pedals which rotate the <a href="/wiki/Crank_set" class="mw-redirect" title="Crank set">cranks</a>, which are held in axis by the bottom bracket. Most bicycles use a chain to transmit power to the rear wheel. A very small number of bicycles use a shaft drive to transmit power, or special belts. Hydraulic bicycle transmissions have been built, but they are currently inefficient and complex. </p><p>Since cyclists' legs are most efficient over a narrow range of pedaling speeds, or <a href="/wiki/Cadence_(cycling)" title="Cadence (cycling)">cadence</a>, a variable <a href="/wiki/Gear_ratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Gear ratio">gear ratio</a> helps a cyclist to maintain an optimum pedalling speed while covering varied terrain. Some, mainly utility, bicycles use <a href="/wiki/Hub_gear" title="Hub gear">hub gears</a> with between 3 and 14 ratios, but most use the generally more efficient dérailleur system, by which the chain is moved between different cogs called chainrings and sprockets to select a ratio. A dérailleur system normally has two dérailleurs, or mechs, one at the front to select the <a href="/wiki/Chainring" class="mw-redirect" title="Chainring">chainring</a> and another at the back to select the sprocket. Most bikes have two or three chainrings, and from 5 to 12 sprockets on the back, with the number of theoretical gears calculated by multiplying front by back. In reality, many gears overlap or require the chain to run diagonally, so the number of usable gears is fewer. </p><p>An alternative to chaindrive is to use a synchronous belt. These are toothed and work much the same as a chain—popular with commuters and long distance cyclists they require little maintenance. They cannot be shifted across a cassette of sprockets, and are used either as single speed or with a hub gear. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_gearing" title="Bicycle gearing">Different gears and ranges of gears</a> are appropriate for different people and styles of cycling. Multi-speed bicycles allow gear selection to suit the circumstances: a cyclist could use a high gear when cycling downhill, a medium gear when cycling on a flat road, and a low gear when cycling uphill. In a lower gear every turn of the pedals leads to fewer rotations of the rear wheel. This allows the energy required to move the same distance to be distributed over more pedal turns, reducing fatigue when riding uphill, with a heavy load, or against strong winds. A higher gear allows a cyclist to make fewer pedal turns to maintain a given speed, but with more effort per turn of the pedals. </p><p>With a <i>chain drive</i> transmission, a <i>chainring</i> attached to a crank drives the chain, which in turn rotates the rear wheel via the rear sprocket(s) (<a href="/wiki/Cassette_(bicycle_part)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassette (bicycle part)">cassette</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cogset#Freewheels" title="Cogset">freewheel</a>). There are four gearing options: two-speed hub gear integrated with chain ring, up to 3 chain rings, up to 12 sprockets, hub gear built into rear wheel (3-speed to 14-speed). The most common options are either a rear hub or multiple chain rings combined with multiple sprockets (other combinations of options are possible but less common). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dsb-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A bicycle with shaft drive instead of a chain"><img alt="A bicycle with shaft drive instead of a chain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Dsb-1.jpg/361px-Dsb-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="241" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Dsb-1.jpg/542px-Dsb-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Dsb-1.jpg/722px-Dsb-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Shaft-driven_bicycle" title="Shaft-driven bicycle">bicycle with shaft drive</a> instead of a chain</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 134px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 132px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A set of rear sprockets (also known as a cassette) and a derailleur"><img alt="A set of rear sprockets (also known as a cassette) and a derailleur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg/198px-Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg/297px-Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg/396px-Shimano_xt_rear_derailleur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1119" data-file-height="1356" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A set of rear sprockets (also known as a cassette) and a <a href="/wiki/Derailleur" title="Derailleur">derailleur</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hub_gear.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hub gear"><img alt="Hub gear" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hub_gear.jpg/320px-Hub_gear.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hub_gear.jpg/480px-Hub_gear.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hub_gear.jpg/640px-Hub_gear.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hub gear</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Steering">Steering</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anatomic_bicycle_grips_made_of_leather.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Anatomic_bicycle_grips_made_of_leather.jpg/220px-Anatomic_bicycle_grips_made_of_leather.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Anatomic_bicycle_grips_made_of_leather.jpg/330px-Anatomic_bicycle_grips_made_of_leather.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Anatomic_bicycle_grips_made_of_leather.jpg/440px-Anatomic_bicycle_grips_made_of_leather.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4568" data-file-height="2944" /></a><figcaption>Bicycle grips made of leather. Anatomic shape distributes weight over <a href="/wiki/Hand" title="Hand">palm area</a> to prevent cyclist's palsy (<a href="/wiki/Ulnar_tunnel_syndrome" title="Ulnar tunnel syndrome">ulnar syndrome</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_handlebar" title="Bicycle handlebar">handlebars</a> connect to the <a href="/wiki/Stem_(bike)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stem (bike)">stem</a> that connects to the fork that connects to the front wheel, and the whole assembly connects to the bike and rotates about the steering axis via the <a href="/wiki/Headset_(bicycle_part)" title="Headset (bicycle part)">headset</a> bearings. Three styles of handlebar are common. <i>Upright handlebars</i>, the norm in Europe and elsewhere until the 1970s, curve gently back toward the rider, offering a natural grip and comfortable upright position. <i>Drop handlebars</i> "drop" as they curve forward and down, offering the cyclist best braking power from a more aerodynamic "crouched" position, as well as more upright positions in which the hands grip the brake lever mounts, the forward curves, or the upper flat sections for increasingly upright postures. Mountain bikes generally feature a 'straight handlebar' or 'riser bar' with varying degrees of sweep backward and centimeters rise upwards, as well as wider widths which can provide better handling due to increased leverage against the wheel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seating">Seating</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_marco_selle1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/San_marco_selle1.jpg/220px-San_marco_selle1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/San_marco_selle1.jpg/330px-San_marco_selle1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/San_marco_selle1.jpg/440px-San_marco_selle1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>A Selle San Marco saddle designed for women</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_saddle" title="Bicycle saddle">Saddles</a> also vary with rider preference, from the cushioned ones favored by short-distance riders to narrower saddles which allow more room for leg swings. Comfort depends on riding position. With comfort bikes and hybrids, cyclists sit high over the seat, their weight directed down onto the saddle, such that a wider and more cushioned saddle is preferable. For racing bikes where the rider is bent over, weight is more evenly distributed between the handlebars and saddle, the hips are flexed, and a narrower and harder saddle is more efficient. Differing saddle designs exist for male and female cyclists, accommodating the genders' differing anatomies and sit bone width measurements, although bikes typically are sold with saddles most appropriate for men. Suspension seat posts and seat springs provide comfort by absorbing shock but can add to the overall weight of the bicycle. </p><p>A recumbent bicycle has a reclined <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_seat" title="Bicycle seat">chair-like seat</a> that some riders find more comfortable than a saddle, especially riders who suffer from certain types of seat, back, neck, shoulder, or wrist pain. Recumbent bicycles may have either under-seat or over-seat <a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle#Steering" title="Recumbent bicycle">steering</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brakes">Brakes</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_brake" title="Bicycle brake">Bicycle brake</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brake.agr-edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Brake.agr-edit.jpg/170px-Brake.agr-edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Brake.agr-edit.jpg/255px-Brake.agr-edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Brake.agr-edit.jpg/340px-Brake.agr-edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="938" data-file-height="1076" /></a><figcaption>Linear-pull brake, also known by the <a href="/wiki/Shimano" title="Shimano">Shimano</a> trademark: V-Brake, on rear wheel of a <a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike" title="Mountain bike">mountain bike</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Bicycle brakes may be rim brakes, in which friction pads are compressed against the wheel rims; hub brakes, where the mechanism is contained within the wheel hub, or disc brakes, where pads act on a rotor attached to the hub. Most road bicycles use rim brakes, but some use disc brakes.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Disc_brakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Disc brakes">Disc brakes</a> are more common for mountain bikes, tandems and recumbent bicycles than on other types of bicycles, due to their increased power, coupled with an increased weight and complexity.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BrakeDiskVR.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BrakeDiskVR.JPG/220px-BrakeDiskVR.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BrakeDiskVR.JPG/330px-BrakeDiskVR.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BrakeDiskVR.JPG/440px-BrakeDiskVR.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A front disc brake, mounted to the <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_fork" title="Bicycle fork">fork</a> and hub</figcaption></figure> <p>With hand-operated brakes, force is applied to brake levers mounted on the handlebars and transmitted via Bowden cables or <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic">hydraulic</a> lines to the friction pads, which apply pressure to the braking surface, causing friction which slows the bicycle down. A rear hub brake may be either hand-operated or pedal-actuated, as in the back pedal <i>coaster brakes</i> which were popular in North America until the 1960s. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Track_bicycle" title="Track bicycle">Track bicycles</a> do not have brakes, because all riders ride in the same direction around a track which does not necessitate sharp deceleration. Track riders are still able to slow down because all track bicycles are fixed-gear, meaning that there is no freewheel. Without a freewheel, coasting is impossible, so when the rear wheel is moving, the cranks are moving. To slow down, the rider applies resistance to the pedals, acting as a braking system which can be as effective as a conventional rear wheel brake, but not as effective as a front wheel brake.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suspension">Suspension</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_suspension" title="Bicycle suspension">Bicycle suspension</a></div> <p>Bicycle suspension refers to the system or systems used to <i>suspend</i> the rider and all or part of the bicycle. This serves two purposes: to keep the wheels in continuous contact with the ground, improving control, and to isolate the rider and luggage from jarring due to rough surfaces, improving comfort. </p><p>Bicycle suspensions are used primarily on mountain bicycles, but are also common on hybrid bicycles, as they can help deal with problematic vibration from poor surfaces. Suspension is especially important on recumbent bicycles, since while an upright bicycle rider can stand on the pedals to achieve some of the benefits of suspension, a recumbent rider cannot. </p><p>Basic mountain bicycles and hybrids usually have front suspension only, whilst more sophisticated ones also have rear suspension. Road bicycles tend to have no suspension. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wheels_and_tires">Wheels and tires</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_wheel" title="Bicycle wheel">Bicycle wheel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">Bicycle tire</a></div> <p>The wheel axle fits into fork ends in the frame and fork. A pair of wheels may be called a wheelset, especially in the context of ready-built "off the shelf", performance-oriented wheels. </p><p>Tires vary enormously depending on their intended purpose. <a href="/wiki/Road_bicycles" class="mw-redirect" title="Road bicycles">Road bicycles</a> use tires 18 to 25 millimeters wide, most often completely smooth, or <a href="/wiki/Slick_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Slick tire">slick</a>, and inflated to high pressure to roll fast on smooth surfaces. Off-road tires are usually between 38 and 64 mm (1.5 and 2.5 in) wide, and have treads for gripping in muddy conditions or metal studs for ice. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groupset">Groupset</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Groupset" title="Groupset">Groupset</a> generally refers to all of the components that make up a bicycle excluding the bicycle frame, fork, stem, wheels, tires, and rider contact points, such as the saddle and handlebars. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accessories">Accessories</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Loaded_touring_bicycle.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Loaded_touring_bicycle.JPG/220px-Loaded_touring_bicycle.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Loaded_touring_bicycle.JPG/330px-Loaded_touring_bicycle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Loaded_touring_bicycle.JPG/440px-Loaded_touring_bicycle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3320" data-file-height="2489" /></a><figcaption>Touring bicycle equipped with front and rear <a href="/wiki/Luggage_carrier" title="Luggage carrier">racks</a>, fenders (called mud-guards), water bottles in <a href="/wiki/Bottle_cage" title="Bottle cage">cages</a>, four <a href="/wiki/Pannier" title="Pannier">panniers</a> and a handlebar bag</figcaption></figure> <p>Some components, which are often optional accessories on sports bicycles, are standard features on utility bicycles to enhance their usefulness, comfort, safety and visibility. <a href="/wiki/Fender_(vehicle)" title="Fender (vehicle)">Fenders</a> with spoilers (mudflaps) protect the cyclist and moving parts from spray when riding through wet areas. In some countries (e.g. Germany, UK), fenders are called mudguards. The <a href="/wiki/Chainguard" class="mw-redirect" title="Chainguard">chainguards</a> protect clothes from oil on the chain while preventing clothing from being caught between the chain and <a href="/wiki/Crankset" title="Crankset">crankset</a> teeth. <a href="/wiki/Kick_stand" class="mw-redirect" title="Kick stand">Kick stands</a> keep bicycles upright when parked, and <a href="/wiki/Bike_lock" class="mw-redirect" title="Bike lock">bike locks</a> deter theft. Front-mounted <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_basket" title="Bicycle basket">baskets</a>, front or rear <a href="/wiki/Luggage_carrier" title="Luggage carrier">luggage carriers</a> or racks, and <a href="/wiki/Pannier" title="Pannier">panniers</a> mounted above either or both wheels can be used to carry equipment or cargo. Pegs can be fastened to one, or both of the wheel hubs to either help the rider perform certain tricks, or allow a place for extra riders to stand, or rest.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Parents sometimes add rear-mounted <a href="/wiki/Baby_transport" title="Baby transport">child seats</a>, an auxiliary saddle fitted to the crossbar, or both to transport children. Bicycles can also be fitted with a hitch to tow a <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_trailer" title="Bicycle trailer">trailer</a> for carrying cargo, a child, or both. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Clipless#Clipless_pedals" class="mw-redirect" title="Clipless">Toe-clips</a> and toestraps and <a href="/wiki/Clipless_pedals" class="mw-redirect" title="Clipless pedals">clipless pedals</a> help keep the foot locked in the proper pedal position and enable cyclists to pull and push the pedals. Technical accessories include <a href="/wiki/Cyclocomputer" title="Cyclocomputer">cyclocomputers</a> for measuring speed, distance, heart rate, GPS data etc. Other accessories include <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_lighting" title="Bicycle lighting">lights</a>, reflectors, mirrors, racks, trailers, bags, water bottles and <a href="/wiki/Bottle_cage" title="Bottle cage">cages</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_bell" title="Bicycle bell">bell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bicycleuniverse_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bicycleuniverse-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bicycle lights, reflectors, and helmets are required by law in some geographic regions depending on the legal code. It is more common to see bicycles with bottle generators, dynamos, lights, fenders, racks and bells in Europe. Bicyclists also have specialized form fitting and high visibility clothing. </p><p>Children's bicycles may be outfitted with cosmetic enhancements such as <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_horn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle horn">bike horns</a>, streamers, and <a href="/wiki/Spokey_Dokes" class="mw-redirect" title="Spokey Dokes">spoke beads</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Training_wheels" title="Training wheels">Training wheels</a> are sometimes used when learning to ride, but a dedicated <a href="/wiki/Balance_bike" title="Balance bike">balance bike</a> teaches independent riding more effectively.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_helmet" title="Bicycle helmet">Bicycle helmets</a> can reduce injury in the event of a collision or accident, and a suitable helmet is legally required of riders in many jurisdictions.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Helmets may be classified as an accessory<sup id="cite_ref-bicycleuniverse_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bicycleuniverse-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or as an item of clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_trainer" title="Bicycle trainer">Bike trainers</a> are used to enable cyclists to cycle while the bike remains stationary. They are frequently used to warm up before races or indoors when riding conditions are unfavorable.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standards">Standards</h3></div> <p>A number of formal and industry standards exist for bicycle components to help make spare parts exchangeable and to maintain a minimum product safety. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">International Organization for Standardization</a> (ISO) has a special technical committee for cycles, TC149, that has the scope of "Standardization in the field of cycles, their components and accessories with particular reference to terminology, testing methods and requirements for performance and safety, and interchangeability". </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/European_Committee_for_Standardization" title="European Committee for Standardization">European Committee for Standardization</a> (CEN) also has a specific Technical Committee, TC333, that defines European standards for cycles. Their mandate states that EN cycle standards shall harmonize with <a href="/wiki/List_of_ISO_standards" title="List of ISO standards">ISO standards</a>. Some CEN cycle standards were developed before ISO published their standards, leading to strong European influences in this area. European cycle standards tend to describe minimum safety requirements, while ISO standards have historically harmonized parts geometry.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maintenance_and_repair">Maintenance and repair</h2></div> <p>Like all devices with mechanical moving parts, bicycles require a certain amount of regular maintenance and replacement of worn parts. A bicycle is relatively simple compared with a car, so some cyclists choose to do at least part of the maintenance themselves. Some components are easy to handle using relatively simple tools, while other components may require specialist manufacturer-dependent tools. </p><p>Many bicycle components are available at several different price/quality points; manufacturers generally try to keep all components on any particular bike at about the same quality level, though at the very cheap end of the market there may be some skimping on less obvious components (e.g. bottom bracket). </p> <ul><li>There are several hundred assisted-service Community Bicycle Organizations worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a Community Bicycle Organization, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/layperson#Noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:layperson">laypeople</a> bring in bicycles needing repair or maintenance; volunteers teach them how to do the required steps.</li> <li>Full service is available from <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_mechanic" title="Bicycle mechanic">bicycle mechanics</a> at a <a href="/wiki/Local_bike_shop" class="mw-redirect" title="Local bike shop">local bike shop</a>.</li> <li>In areas where it is available, some cyclists purchase roadside assistance from companies such as the <a href="/wiki/Better_World_Club" title="Better World Club">Better World Club</a> or the <a href="/wiki/American_Automobile_Association" title="American Automobile Association">American Automobile Association</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maintenance">Maintenance</h3></div> <p>The most basic maintenance item is keeping the tires correctly inflated; this can make a noticeable difference as to how the bike feels to ride. Bicycle tires usually have a marking on the sidewall indicating the pressure appropriate for that tire. Bicycles use much higher pressures than cars: car tires are normally in the range of 30 to 40 pounds per square inch (210 to 280 kPa), whereas bicycle tires are normally in the range of 60 to 100 pounds per square inch (410 to 690 kPa). </p><p>Another basic maintenance item is regular lubrication of the chain and pivot points for derailleurs and brake components. Most of the bearings on a modern bike are sealed and grease-filled and require little or no attention; such bearings will usually last for 10,000 miles (16,000 km) or more. The crank bearings require periodic maintenance, which involves removing, cleaning and repacking with the correct grease. </p><p>The chain and the brake blocks are the components which wear out most quickly, so these need to be checked from time to time, typically every 500 miles (800 km) or so. Most local bike shops will do such checks for free. Note that when a chain becomes badly worn it will also wear out the rear cogs/cassette and eventually the chain ring(s), so replacing a chain when only moderately worn will prolong the life of other components. </p><p>Over the longer term, tires do wear out, after 2,000 to 5,000 miles (3,200 to 8,000 km); a rash of punctures is often the most visible sign of a worn tire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Repair">Repair</h3></div> <p>Very few bicycle components can actually be repaired; replacement of the failing component is the normal practice. </p><p>The most common roadside problem is a puncture of the tire's <a href="/wiki/Inner_tube" title="Inner tube">inner tube</a>. A patch kit may be employed to fix the puncture or the tube can be replaced, though the latter solution comes at a greater cost and waste of material.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some brands of tires are much more <a href="/wiki/Puncture_resistance" title="Puncture resistance">puncture-resistant</a> than others, often incorporating one or more layers of <a href="/wiki/Kevlar" title="Kevlar">Kevlar</a>; the downside of such tires is that they may be heavier and/or more difficult to fit and remove. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tools">Tools</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tools" title="Bicycle tools">Bicycle tools</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Puncture-repaire-kit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Puncture-repaire-kit.jpg/220px-Puncture-repaire-kit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Puncture-repaire-kit.jpg/330px-Puncture-repaire-kit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Puncture-repaire-kit.jpg/440px-Puncture-repaire-kit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1902" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption>Puncture repair kit with tire levers, <a href="/wiki/Sandpaper" title="Sandpaper">sandpaper</a> to clean off an area of the <a href="/wiki/Inner_tube" title="Inner tube">inner tube</a> around the puncture, a tube of rubber solution (<a href="/wiki/Vulcanization" title="Vulcanization">vulcanizing</a> fluid), round and oval patches, a metal grater and piece of chalk to make chalk powder (to dust over excess rubber solution). Kits often also include a wax crayon to mark the puncture location.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are specialized bicycle tools for use both in the shop and at the roadside. Many cyclists carry tool kits. These may include a tire patch kit (which, in turn, may contain any combination of a <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pump" title="Bicycle pump">hand pump</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pump#CO2_Inflators" title="Bicycle pump">CO<sub>2</sub> pump</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tire_lever" class="mw-redirect" title="Tire lever">tire levers</a>, spare <a href="/wiki/Inner_tube" title="Inner tube">tubes</a>, self-adhesive patches, or tube-patching material, an adhesive, a piece of sandpaper or a metal grater (for roughening the tube surface to be patched) and sometimes even a block of <a href="/wiki/French_chalk" class="mw-redirect" title="French chalk">French chalk</a>), <a href="/wiki/Wrench" title="Wrench">wrenches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hex_key" title="Hex key">hex keys</a>, screwdrivers, and a <a href="/wiki/Chain_tool" title="Chain tool">chain tool</a>. Special, thin wrenches are often required for maintaining various screw-fastened parts, specifically, the frequently lubricated ball-bearing "cones".<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also cycling-specific <a href="/wiki/Multi-tool" title="Multi-tool">multi-tools</a> that combine many of these implements into a single compact device. More specialized bicycle components may require more complex tools, including proprietary tools specific for a given manufacturer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_and_historical_aspects">Social and historical aspects</h2></div> <p>The bicycle has had a considerable effect on human society, in both the cultural and industrial realms.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_daily_life">In daily life</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cycling_infrastructure" title="Cycling infrastructure">Cycling infrastructure</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_cycling_infrastructure" title="History of cycling infrastructure">History of cycling infrastructure</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyclists_in_a_Greymouth_street,_passing_the_premises_of_Mrs_S_Beresford,_dressmaker,_between_1898_and_1905_(4641058720).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cyclists_in_a_Greymouth_street%2C_passing_the_premises_of_Mrs_S_Beresford%2C_dressmaker%2C_between_1898_and_1905_%284641058720%29.jpg/220px-Cyclists_in_a_Greymouth_street%2C_passing_the_premises_of_Mrs_S_Beresford%2C_dressmaker%2C_between_1898_and_1905_%284641058720%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cyclists_in_a_Greymouth_street%2C_passing_the_premises_of_Mrs_S_Beresford%2C_dressmaker%2C_between_1898_and_1905_%284641058720%29.jpg/330px-Cyclists_in_a_Greymouth_street%2C_passing_the_premises_of_Mrs_S_Beresford%2C_dressmaker%2C_between_1898_and_1905_%284641058720%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cyclists_in_a_Greymouth_street%2C_passing_the_premises_of_Mrs_S_Beresford%2C_dressmaker%2C_between_1898_and_1905_%284641058720%29.jpg/440px-Cyclists_in_a_Greymouth_street%2C_passing_the_premises_of_Mrs_S_Beresford%2C_dressmaker%2C_between_1898_and_1905_%284641058720%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3338" data-file-height="2510" /></a><figcaption>Cyclists in <a href="/wiki/Greymouth" title="Greymouth">Greymouth</a>, New Zealand (c.1898-1905)</figcaption></figure> <p>Around the turn of the 20th century, bicycles reduced crowding in inner-city tenements by allowing workers to commute from more spacious dwellings in the suburbs. They also reduced dependence on horses. Bicycles allowed people to travel for leisure into the country, since bicycles were three times as energy efficient as walking and three to four times as fast. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canal_Forsyth_Streets_bikeway_jeh.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Canal_Forsyth_Streets_bikeway_jeh.JPG/220px-Canal_Forsyth_Streets_bikeway_jeh.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Canal_Forsyth_Streets_bikeway_jeh.JPG/330px-Canal_Forsyth_Streets_bikeway_jeh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Canal_Forsyth_Streets_bikeway_jeh.JPG/440px-Canal_Forsyth_Streets_bikeway_jeh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1996" data-file-height="1928" /></a><figcaption>Bikeway in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, USA (2008)</figcaption></figure> <p>In built-up cities around the world, <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a> uses <a href="/wiki/Cycling_infrastructure" title="Cycling infrastructure">cycling infrastructure</a> like bikeways to reduce <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">traffic congestion</a> and air pollution.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of cities around the world have implemented schemes known as <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_sharing_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle sharing system">bicycle sharing systems</a> or community bicycle programs.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first of these was the White Bicycle plan in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> in 1965. It was followed by yellow bicycles in <a href="/wiki/La_Rochelle" title="La Rochelle">La Rochelle</a> and green bicycles in Cambridge. These initiatives complement public transport systems and offer an alternative to motorized traffic to help reduce congestion and pollution.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Europe, especially in the Netherlands and parts of Germany and Denmark, bicycle commuting is common. In Copenhagen, a cyclists' organization runs a Cycling Embassy that promotes biking for commuting and sightseeing. The United Kingdom has a tax break scheme (IR 176) that allows employees to buy a new bicycle tax free to use for commuting.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> all train stations offer free <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_parking" title="Bicycle parking">bicycle parking</a>, or a more secure parking place for a small fee, with the larger stations also offering bicycle repair shops. Cycling is so popular that the parking capacity may be exceeded, while in some places such as Delft the capacity is usually exceeded.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Trondheim" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a> in Norway, the <a href="/wiki/Trampe_bicycle_lift" title="Trampe bicycle lift">Trampe bicycle lift</a> has been developed to encourage cyclists by giving assistance on a steep hill. Buses in many cities have <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_carrier" title="Bicycle carrier">bicycle carriers</a> mounted on the front. </p><p>There are towns in some countries where <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_culture" title="Bicycle culture">bicycle culture</a> has been an integral part of the landscape for generations, even without much official support. That is the case of <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dlhavo_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Ílhavo Municipality">Ílhavo</a>, in Portugal. </p><p>In cities where bicycles are not integrated into the public transportation system, commuters often use bicycles as elements of a <a href="/wiki/Mixed-mode_commuting" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed-mode commuting">mixed-mode commute</a>, where the bike is used to travel to and from train stations or other forms of rapid transit. Some students who commute several miles drive a car from home to a campus parking lot, then ride a bicycle to class. <a href="/wiki/Folding_bicycle" title="Folding bicycle">Folding bicycles</a> are useful in these scenarios, as they are less cumbersome when carried aboard. Los Angeles removed a small amount of seating on some trains to make more room for bicycles and wheel chairs.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg/220px-Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg/330px-Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg/440px-Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1777" /></a><figcaption>Urban cyclists in <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a>, Denmark, at a traffic light</figcaption></figure> <p>Some US companies, notably in the <a href="/wiki/High_tech#Technology_sectors" title="High tech">tech sector</a>, are developing both innovative cycle designs and cycle-friendliness in the workplace. <a href="/wiki/Foursquare_(company)" title="Foursquare (company)">Foursquare</a>, whose CEO <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Crowley" title="Dennis Crowley">Dennis Crowley</a> "pedaled to pitch meetings ... [when he] was raising money from <a href="/wiki/Venture_capitalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Venture capitalists">venture capitalists</a>" on a two-wheeler, chose a new location for its New York headquarters "based on where biking would be easy". Parking in the office was also integral to HQ planning. Mitchell Moss, who runs the <a href="/wiki/Rudin_Center_for_Transportation_Policy_%26_Management" title="Rudin Center for Transportation Policy & Management">Rudin Center for Transportation Policy & Management</a> at <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a>, said in 2012: "Biking has become the mode of choice for the educated high tech worker".<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bicycles offer an important mode of transport in many developing countries. Until recently, bicycles have been a staple of everyday life throughout Asian countries. They are the most frequently used method of transport for commuting to work, school, shopping, and life in general. In Europe, bicycles are commonly used.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also offer a degree of exercise to keep individuals healthy.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bicycles are also celebrated in the visual arts. An example of this is the <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Film_Festival" title="Bicycle Film Festival">Bicycle Film Festival</a>, a film festival hosted all around the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poverty_alleviation">Poverty alleviation</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Banana-bike.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Banana-bike.jpg/220px-Banana-bike.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Banana-bike.jpg/330px-Banana-bike.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Banana-bike.jpg/440px-Banana-bike.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4461" data-file-height="2974" /></a><figcaption>Men in Uganda using a bicycle to transport bananas</figcaption></figure><div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_poverty_reduction" title="Bicycle poverty reduction">Bicycle poverty reduction</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bicycle_poverty_reduction&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bicycle_transport_of_Hay_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bicycle_transport_of_Hay_edit.jpg/220px-Bicycle_transport_of_Hay_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bicycle_transport_of_Hay_edit.jpg/330px-Bicycle_transport_of_Hay_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bicycle_transport_of_Hay_edit.jpg/440px-Bicycle_transport_of_Hay_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption>Tanzanian boy transporting fodder on his bicycle to feed his family cattle</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_poverty_reduction" title="Bicycle poverty reduction">Bicycle poverty reduction</a> is the concept that access to bicycles and the transportation infrastructure to support them can dramatically <a href="/wiki/Poverty_reduction" title="Poverty reduction">reduce poverty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has been demonstrated in various pilot projects in South Asia and Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-Bicycle_poverty_reduction_BicyclePotential_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bicycle_poverty_reduction_BicyclePotential-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Experiments done in Africa (<a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> on hundreds of households have shown that a bicycle can increase the income of a poor family by as much as 35%.<sup id="cite_ref-Bicycle_poverty_reduction_BicyclePotential_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bicycle_poverty_reduction_BicyclePotential-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> Transport, if analyzed for the cost–benefit analysis for <a href="/wiki/Rural_poverty" title="Rural poverty">rural poverty</a> alleviation, has given one of the best returns in this regard. For example, road investments in India were a staggering 3–10 times more effective than almost all other investments and subsidies in <a href="/wiki/Rural_economics" title="Rural economics">rural economy</a> in the decade of the 1990s. A road can ease transport on a macro level, while bicycle access supports it at the micro level. In that sense, the bicycle can be one of the most effective means to eradicate poverty in poor nations.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Female_emancipation">Female emancipation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Bicycling_and_feminism" title="Bicycling and feminism">Bicycling and feminism</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_wheel_within_a_wheel_page_56.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/A_wheel_within_a_wheel_page_56.jpg/170px-A_wheel_within_a_wheel_page_56.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/A_wheel_within_a_wheel_page_56.jpg/255px-A_wheel_within_a_wheel_page_56.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/A_wheel_within_a_wheel_page_56.jpg/340px-A_wheel_within_a_wheel_page_56.jpg 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="878" /></a><figcaption> "Let go – but stand by"; <a href="/wiki/Frances_Willard_(suffragist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frances Willard (suffragist)">Frances Willard</a> learning to ride a bicycle<sup id="cite_ref-Willard1895_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Willard1895-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The safety bicycle gave women unprecedented mobility, contributing to <a href="/wiki/Emancipation_of_women" class="mw-redirect" title="Emancipation of women">their emancipation</a> in Western nations. As bicycles became safer and cheaper, more women had access to the personal freedom that bicycles embodied, and so the bicycle came to symbolize the <a href="/wiki/New_Woman" title="New Woman">New Woman</a> of the late 19th century, especially in Britain and the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Distillations_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Distillations-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bike_boom#1890s" title="Bike boom">bicycle craze in the 1890s</a> also led to a movement for so-called <a href="/wiki/Victorian_dress_reform" title="Victorian dress reform">rational dress</a>, which helped liberate women from corsets and ankle-length skirts and other restrictive garments, substituting the then-shocking <a href="/wiki/Bloomers_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomers (clothing)">bloomers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerlihy2004266–71-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bicycle was recognized by 19th-century feminists and <a href="/wiki/Suffragist" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffragist">suffragists</a> as a "freedom machine" for women. American <a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony" title="Susan B. Anthony">Susan B. Anthony</a> said in a <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_World" title="New York World">New York World</a></i> interview on 2 February 1896: "I think it has done more to emancipate woman than any one thing in the world. I rejoice every time I see a woman ride by on a wheel. It gives her a feeling of self-reliance and independence the moment she takes her seat; and away she goes, the picture of untrammelled womanhood."<sup id="cite_ref-HustedHarper1898_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HustedHarper1898-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 859">: 859 </span></sup> In 1895 <a href="/wiki/Frances_Willard_(suffragist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frances Willard (suffragist)">Frances Willard</a>, the tightly laced president of the <a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_Christian_Temperance_Union" title="Woman's Christian Temperance Union">Woman's Christian Temperance Union</a>, wrote <i>A Wheel Within a Wheel: How I Learned to Ride the Bicycle, with Some Reflections by the Way</i>, a 75-page illustrated memoir praising "Gladys", her bicycle, for its "gladdening effect" on her health and political optimism.<sup id="cite_ref-Willard1895_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Willard1895-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Willard used a cycling metaphor to urge other suffragists to action.<sup id="cite_ref-Willard1895_99-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Willard1895-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1985, Georgena Terry started the first women-specific bicycle company. Her designs featured frame geometry and wheel sizes chosen to better fit women, with shorter top tubes and more suitable reach.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_implications">Economic implications</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbia_Bicycles_1886_Advertisement.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Columbia_Bicycles_1886_Advertisement.svg/170px-Columbia_Bicycles_1886_Advertisement.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Columbia_Bicycles_1886_Advertisement.svg/255px-Columbia_Bicycles_1886_Advertisement.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Columbia_Bicycles_1886_Advertisement.svg/340px-Columbia_Bicycles_1886_Advertisement.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Bicycles" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia Bicycles">Columbia Bicycles</a> advertisement from 1886</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_industry" title="Bicycle industry">Bicycle manufacturing</a> proved to be a training ground for other industries and led to the development of advanced metalworking techniques, both for the frames themselves and for special components such as <a href="/wiki/Ball_bearing" title="Ball bearing">ball bearings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washer_(mechanical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washer (mechanical)">washers</a>, and sprockets. These techniques later enabled skilled metalworkers and mechanics to develop the components used in early automobiles and aircraft. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wright_brothers" title="Wright brothers">Wilbur and Orville Wright</a>, a pair of businessmen, ran the <a href="/wiki/Wright_Cycle_Company" title="Wright Cycle Company">Wright Cycle Company</a> which designed, manufactured and sold their bicycles during the <a href="/wiki/Bike_boom" title="Bike boom">bike boom</a> of the 1890s.<sup id="cite_ref-WDL_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WDL-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They also served to teach the industrial models later adopted, including mechanization and <a href="/wiki/Mass_production" title="Mass production">mass production</a> (later copied and adopted by <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001106_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001106-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vertical integration<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001106_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001106-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (also later copied and adopted by Ford), aggressive advertising<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001142–47_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001142–47-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (as much as 10% of all advertising in U.S. periodicals in 1898 was by bicycle makers),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001145_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001145-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lobbying for better roads (which had the side benefit of acting as advertising, and of improving sales by providing more places to ride),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all first practiced by Pope.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108_106-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, bicycle makers adopted the annual model change<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123_104-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (later derided as <a href="/wiki/Planned_obsolescence" title="Planned obsolescence">planned obsolescence</a>, and usually credited to General Motors), which proved very successful.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early bicycles were an example of <a href="/wiki/Conspicuous_consumption" title="Conspicuous consumption">conspicuous consumption</a>, being adopted by the fashionable elites.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe20018_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe20018-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200112_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200112-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200114_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200114-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123_104-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001147–48_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001147–48-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001187–88_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001187–88-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001208_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001208-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001243–45_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001243–45-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, by serving as a platform for accessories, which could ultimately cost more than the bicycle itself, it paved the way for the likes of the <a href="/wiki/Barbie_doll" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbie doll">Barbie doll</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123_104-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200123-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001121_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001121-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001123_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001123-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bicycles helped create, or enhance, new kinds of businesses, such as bicycle messengers,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001212_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001212-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> traveling seamstresses,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001214_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001214-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> riding academies,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001131_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001131-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and racing rinks.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200130_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe200130-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001131_122-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001131-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their board tracks were later adapted to early <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_racing" title="Motorcycle racing">motorcycle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Automobile_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile racing">automobile racing</a>. There were a variety of new inventions, such as <a href="/wiki/Spoke" title="Spoke">spoke</a> tighteners,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001125_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001125-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and specialized lights,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001123_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001123-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001125_124-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001125-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> socks and shoes,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001125–26_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001125–26-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and even cameras, such as the <a href="/wiki/Eastman_Kodak" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastman Kodak">Eastman Company</a>'s Poco.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001238_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001238-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Probably the best known and most widely used of these inventions, adopted well beyond cycling, is Charles Bennett's Bike Web, which came to be called the <a href="/wiki/Jock_strap" class="mw-redirect" title="Jock strap">jock strap</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001128_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001128-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Person_mit_fahrrad_feb07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Person_mit_fahrrad_feb07.jpg/170px-Person_mit_fahrrad_feb07.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Person_mit_fahrrad_feb07.jpg/255px-Person_mit_fahrrad_feb07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Person_mit_fahrrad_feb07.jpg/340px-Person_mit_fahrrad_feb07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A man uses a bicycle to carry goods in <a href="/wiki/Ouagadougou" title="Ouagadougou">Ouagadougou</a>, Burkina Faso.</figcaption></figure> <p>They also presaged a move away from public transit<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001214–15_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001214–15-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that would explode with the introduction of the automobile. </p><p>J. K. Starley's company became the Rover Cycle Company Ltd. in the late 1890s, and then renamed the <a href="/wiki/Rover_Company" title="Rover Company">Rover Company</a> when it started making cars. <a href="/wiki/Morris_Motors" title="Morris Motors">Morris Motors</a> Limited (in <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>) and <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Auto" title="Škoda Auto">Škoda</a> also began in the bicycle business, as did the <a href="/wiki/Wright_brothers" title="Wright brothers">Wright brothers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alistair Craig, whose company eventually emerged to become the engine manufacturers <a href="/wiki/Ailsa_Craig_Engines" title="Ailsa Craig Engines">Ailsa Craig</a>, also started from manufacturing bicycles, in Glasgow in March 1885. </p><p>In general, U.S. and European cycle manufacturers used to assemble cycles from their own frames and components made by other companies, although very large companies (such as Raleigh) used to make almost every part of a bicycle (including bottom brackets, axles, etc.) In recent years, those bicycle makers have greatly changed their methods of production. Now, almost none of them produce their own frames. </p><p>Many newer or smaller companies only design and market their products; the actual production is done by Asian companies. For example, some 60% of the world's bicycles are now being made in China. Despite this shift in production, as nations such as China and India become more wealthy, their own use of bicycles has declined due to the increasing affordability of cars and motorcycles.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the major reasons for the proliferation of Chinese-made bicycles in foreign markets is the lower cost of labor in China.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In line with the European financial crisis of that time, in 2011 the number of bicycle sales in Italy (1.75 million) passed the number of new car sales.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_impact">Environmental impact</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Utrecht_-_panoramio_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Utrecht_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/220px-Utrecht_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Utrecht_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/330px-Utrecht_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Utrecht_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/440px-Utrecht_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Bicycles in <a href="/wiki/Utrecht" title="Utrecht">Utrecht</a>, Netherlands</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the profound economic implications of bicycle use is that it liberates the user from <a href="/wiki/Motor_fuel" title="Motor fuel">motor fuel</a> consumption. (Ballantine, 1972) The bicycle is an inexpensive, fast, healthy and environmentally friendly mode of transport. <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Illich" title="Ivan Illich">Ivan Illich</a> stated that bicycle use extended the usable physical environment for people, while alternatives such as cars and motorways degraded and confined people's environment and mobility.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, two billion bicycles are in use around the world. Children, students, professionals, laborers, civil servants and seniors are pedaling around their communities. They all experience the freedom and the natural opportunity for exercise that the bicycle easily provides. Bicycle also has lowest carbon intensity of travel.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle_manufacturing_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of bicycle manufacturing companies">List of bicycle manufacturing companies</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J-w-waldrons-smith-bicycle-works-1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/J-w-waldrons-smith-bicycle-works-1900.jpg/220px-J-w-waldrons-smith-bicycle-works-1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/J-w-waldrons-smith-bicycle-works-1900.jpg/330px-J-w-waldrons-smith-bicycle-works-1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/J-w-waldrons-smith-bicycle-works-1900.jpg/440px-J-w-waldrons-smith-bicycle-works-1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="967" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>J W Waldron's Smith & Bicycle Works in Brighton, England, ca.1900</figcaption></figure> <p>The global bicycle market is $61 billion in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bicycle&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, 130 million bicycles were sold every year globally and 66% of them were made in China.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>EU28 Bicycle market 2000–2014<sup id="cite_ref-conebi2014_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-conebi2014-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>production (M)</th> <th>sales (M) </th></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>14.531</td> <td>18.945 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td>13.009</td> <td>17.745 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td>12.272</td> <td>17.840 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td>12.828</td> <td>20.206 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td>13.232</td> <td>20.322 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005</td> <td>13.218</td> <td>20.912 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td>13.320</td> <td>21.033 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007</td> <td>13.086</td> <td>21.344 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td>13.246</td> <td>20.206 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td>12.178</td> <td>19.582 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td>12.241</td> <td>20.461 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td>11.758</td> <td>20.039 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td>11.537</td> <td>19.719 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td>11.360</td> <td>19.780 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td>11.939</td> <td>20.234 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"> <caption>EU28 Bicycle market 2014<sup id="cite_ref-conebi2014_137-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-conebi2014-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Country</th> <th>Production (M)</th> <th>Parts (M€)</th> <th>Sales (M)</th> <th>Avg</th> <th>Sales (M€) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Italy</td> <td>2.729</td> <td>491</td> <td>1.696</td> <td>288</td> <td>488.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td>2.139</td> <td>286</td> <td>4.100</td> <td>528</td> <td>2164.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td>.991</td> <td>58</td> <td>1.094</td> <td>380</td> <td>415.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulgaria</td> <td>.950</td> <td>9</td> <td>.082</td> <td>119</td> <td>9.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Netherlands</td> <td>.850</td> <td>85</td> <td>1.051</td> <td>844</td> <td>887 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Romania</td> <td>.820</td> <td>220</td> <td>.370</td> <td>125</td> <td>46.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Portugal</td> <td>.720</td> <td>120</td> <td>.340</td> <td>160</td> <td>54.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td>.630</td> <td>170</td> <td>2.978</td> <td>307</td> <td>914.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hungary</td> <td>.370</td> <td>10</td> <td>.044</td> <td>190</td> <td>8.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spain</td> <td>.356</td> <td>10</td> <td>1.089</td> <td>451</td> <td>491.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td>.333</td> <td>85</td> <td>.333</td> <td>150</td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lithuania</td> <td>.323</td> <td>0</td> <td>.050</td> <td>110</td> <td>5.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Slovakia</td> <td>.210</td> <td>9</td> <td>.038</td> <td>196</td> <td>7.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Austria</td> <td>.138</td> <td>0</td> <td>.401</td> <td>450</td> <td>180.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Greece</td> <td>.108</td> <td>0</td> <td>.199</td> <td>233</td> <td>46.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belgium</td> <td>.099</td> <td>35</td> <td>.567</td> <td>420</td> <td>238.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sweden</td> <td>.083</td> <td>0</td> <td>.584</td> <td>458</td> <td>267.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Great Britain</td> <td>.052</td> <td>34</td> <td>3.630</td> <td>345</td> <td>1252.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Finland</td> <td>.034</td> <td>32</td> <td>.300</td> <td>320</td> <td>96 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Slovenia</td> <td>.005</td> <td>9</td> <td>.240</td> <td>110</td> <td>26.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Croatia</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.333</td> <td>110</td> <td>36.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cyprus</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.033</td> <td>110</td> <td>3.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Denmark</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.470</td> <td>450</td> <td>211.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Estonia</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.062</td> <td>190</td> <td>11.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ireland</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.091</td> <td>190</td> <td>17.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Latvia</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.040</td> <td>110</td> <td>4.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Luxembourg</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.010</td> <td>450</td> <td>4.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Malta</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>.011</td> <td>110</td> <td>1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>EU 28</th> <th>11.939</th> <th>1662</th> <th>20.234</th> <th>392</th> <th>7941.2 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_requirements">Legal requirements</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_law" title="Bicycle law">Bicycle law</a></div> <p>Early in its development, as with <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobiles</a>, there were restrictions on the operation of bicycles. Along with advertising, and to gain free publicity, <a href="/wiki/Albert_A._Pope" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert A. Pope">Albert A. Pope</a> litigated on behalf of cyclists.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108_106-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001108-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1968 <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_Road_Traffic" title="Vienna Convention on Road Traffic">Vienna Convention on Road Traffic</a> of the United Nations considers a bicycle to be a vehicle, and a person controlling a bicycle (whether actually riding or not) is considered an operator or driver.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The traffic codes of many countries reflect these definitions and demand that a bicycle satisfy certain legal requirements before it can be used on public roads. In many <a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">jurisdictions</a>, it is an offense to use a bicycle that is not in a roadworthy condition.<sup id="cite_ref-Arthurs-Brennan_2019_r622_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arthurs-Brennan_2019_r622-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-United_Nations_Treaty_Collection_1968_b248_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-United_Nations_Treaty_Collection_1968_b248-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some countries, bicycles must have functioning front and rear lights when ridden after dark.<sup id="cite_ref-Home_Page_2017_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Home_Page_2017-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Service-public.fr_2022_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Service-public.fr_2022-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some countries require child and/or adult cyclists to wear helmets, as this may protect riders from head trauma. Countries which require adult cyclists to wear helmets include Spain, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_helmets_in_New_Zealand" title="Bicycle helmets in New Zealand">New Zealand</a> and Australia. Mandatory helmet wearing is one of the most controversial topics in the cycling world, with proponents arguing that it reduces head injuries and thus is an acceptable requirement, while opponents argue that by making cycling seem more dangerous and cumbersome, it reduces cyclist numbers on the streets, creating an overall negative health effect (fewer people cycling for their own health, and the remaining cyclists being more exposed through a reversed <a href="/wiki/Safety_in_numbers" title="Safety in numbers">safety in numbers</a> effect).<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theft">Theft</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_theft" title="Bicycle theft">Bicycle theft</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008-09-06_Solitary_bicycle_wheel_in_a_bike_rack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/2008-09-06_Solitary_bicycle_wheel_in_a_bike_rack.jpg/170px-2008-09-06_Solitary_bicycle_wheel_in_a_bike_rack.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/2008-09-06_Solitary_bicycle_wheel_in_a_bike_rack.jpg/255px-2008-09-06_Solitary_bicycle_wheel_in_a_bike_rack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/2008-09-06_Solitary_bicycle_wheel_in_a_bike_rack.jpg/340px-2008-09-06_Solitary_bicycle_wheel_in_a_bike_rack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>A bicycle wheel remains chained in a bike rack after the rest of the bicycle has been stolen at east campus of <a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bicycles are popular targets for theft, due to their value and ease of resale.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of bicycles stolen annually is difficult to quantify as a large number of crimes are not reported.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 50% of the participants in the Montreal International Journal of Sustainable Transportation survey were subjected to a bicycle theft in their lifetime as active cyclists.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most bicycles have serial numbers that can be recorded to verify identity in case of theft.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/31px-Sports_icon.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/47px-Sports_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/62px-Sports_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="226" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sports" title="Portal:Sports">Sports portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Transport" title="Portal:Transport">Transport portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_geometry" title="Bicycle and motorcycle geometry">Bicycle and motorcycle geometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_drum_brake" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycle drum brake">Bicycle drum brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_fender" title="Bicycle fender">Bicycle fender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_lighting" title="Bicycle lighting">Bicycle lighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_parking_station" title="Bicycle parking station">Bicycle parking station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-friendly" title="Bicycle-friendly">Bicycle-friendly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-sharing_system" title="Bicycle-sharing system">Bicycle-sharing system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclability" title="Cyclability">Cyclability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_advocacy" title="Cycling advocacy">Cycling advocacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_the_Netherlands" title="Cycling in the Netherlands">Cycling in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_bicycle_VIN-system" title="Danish bicycle VIN-system">Danish bicycle VIN-system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle_types" title="List of bicycle types">List of bicycle types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_bicycles_and_cycling" title="List of films about bicycles and cycling">List of films about bicycles and cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_bicycles" title="Outline of bicycles">Outline of bicycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cycling" title="Outline of cycling">Outline of cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RattleCAD" title="RattleCAD">rattleCAD</a> (software for bicycle design)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirt_guard" title="Skirt guard">Skirt guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twike" title="Twike">Twike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velomobile" title="Velomobile">Velomobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wooden_bicycle" title="Wooden bicycle">Wooden bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bicycle_Day" title="World Bicycle Day">World Bicycle Day</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The TC149 ISO bicycle committee, including the TC149/SC1 ("Cycles and major sub-assemblies") subcommittee, has published the following standards:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_4210&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 4210 (page does not exist)">ISO 4210</a> Cycles – Safety requirements for bicycles</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6692&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6692 (page does not exist)">ISO 6692</a> Cycles – Marking of cycle components</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6695&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6695 (page does not exist)">ISO 6695</a> Cycles – Pedal axle and crank assembly with square end fitting – Assembly dimensions</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6696&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6696 (page does not exist)">ISO 6696</a> Cycles – Screw threads used in bottom bracket assemblies</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6697&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6697 (page does not exist)">ISO 6697</a> Cycles – Hubs and freewheels – Assembly dimensions</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6698&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6698 (page does not exist)">ISO 6698</a> Cycles – Screw threads used to assemble freewheels on bicycle hubs</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6699&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6699 (page does not exist)">ISO 6699</a> Cycles – Stem and handlebar bend – Assembly dimensions</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6701&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6701 (page does not exist)">ISO 6701</a> Cycles – External dimensions of spoke nipples</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_6742&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 6742 (page does not exist)">ISO 6742</a> Cycles – Lighting and retro-reflective devices – Photometric and physical requirements</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_8090&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 8090 (page does not exist)">ISO 8090</a> Cycles – Terminology (same as BS 6102-4)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_8098&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 8098 (page does not exist)">ISO 8098</a> Cycles – Safety requirements for bicycles for young children</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_8488&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 8488 (page does not exist)">ISO 8488</a> Cycles – Screw threads used to assemble head fittings on bicycle forks</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_8562&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 8562 (page does not exist)">ISO 8562</a> Cycles – Stem wedge angle</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_10230&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 10230 (page does not exist)">ISO 10230</a> Cycles – Splined hub and sprocket – Mating dimensions</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_11243&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 11243 (page does not exist)">ISO 11243</a> Cycles – Luggage carriers for bicycles – Concepts, classification and testing</li></ul> Other ISO Technical Committees have published various cycle relevant standards, for example: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO_5775" title="ISO 5775">ISO 5775</a> Bicycle tire and rim designations</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_9633&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 9633 (page does not exist)">ISO 9633</a> Cycle chains – Characteristics and test methods</li></ul> Published cycle standards from CEN TC333 include: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_14764&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 14764 (page does not exist)">EN 14764</a> City and trekking bicycles – Safety requirements and test methods</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_14765&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 14765 (page does not exist)">EN 14765</a> Bicycles for young children – Safety requirements and test methods</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_14766&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 14766 (page does not exist)">EN 14766</a> Mountain-bicycles – Safety requirements and test methods</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_14781&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 14781 (page does not exist)">EN 14781</a> Racing bicycles – Safety requirements and test methods</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_14782&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 14782 (page does not exist)">EN 14782</a> Bicycles – Accessories for bicycles – Luggage carriers</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_15496&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 15496 (page does not exist)">EN 15496</a> Cycles – Requirements and test methods for cycle locks</li></ul> Yet to be approved cycle standards from CEN TC333: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_15194&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 15194 (page does not exist)">EN 15194</a> Cycles – Electrically power assisted cycles (<a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle#CITEREF2015" title="Electric bicycle">EPAC</a> bicycle)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_15532&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 15532 (page does not exist)">EN 15532</a> Cycles – Terminology</li> <li>00333011 Cycles – Bicycles trailers – safety requirements and test methods</li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Koeppel2007-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Koeppel2007_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKoeppel2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Koeppel, Dan (January–February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=isUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA60">"Flight of the Pigeon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bicycling_(magazine)" title="Bicycling (magazine)">Bicycling</a></i>. Vol. 48, no. 1. <a href="/wiki/Rodale,_Inc." title="Rodale, Inc.">Rodale</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">60–</span>66. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2073">0006-2073</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bicycling&rft.atitle=Flight+of+the+Pigeon&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E60-%3C%2Fspan%3E66&rft.date=2007-01%2F2007-02&rft.issn=0006-2073&rft.aulast=Koeppel&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DisUDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Economist2011-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Economist2011_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Economist2011_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/18584086">"Bicycling; A way of life; Faster in town than going by car, bus, tube or on foot"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. 20 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Bicycling%3B+A+way+of+life%3B+Faster+in+town+than+going+by+car%2C+bus%2C+tube+or+on+foot&rft.date=2011-04-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F18584086&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Squatriglia2008-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Squatriglia2008_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Squatriglia2008_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSquatriglia2008" class="citation magazine cs1">Squatriglia, Chuck (23 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.wired.com/cars/2008/05/honda-sells-its.html">"Honda Sells Its 60 Millionth – Yes, Millionth – Super Cub"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=Honda+Sells+Its+60+Millionth+%E2%80%93+Yes%2C+Millionth+%E2%80%93+Super+Cub&rft.date=2008-05-23&rft.aulast=Squatriglia&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.wired.com%2Fcars%2F2008%2F05%2Fhonda-sells-its.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMA2006-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AMA2006_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMA2006_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Motorcyclist_Association2006" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/American_Motorcyclist_Association" title="American Motorcyclist Association">American Motorcyclist Association</a> (May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qvUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24">"That's 2.5 billion cc!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Motorcyclist" title="American Motorcyclist">American Motorcyclist</a></i>. 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font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-cycle" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=cycle">"cycle"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=cycle&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dcycle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2010</span>. <q>Coaster brakes were invented in the 1890s.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=One-Speed+Bicycle+Coaster+Brakes&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Sheldon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sheldonbrown.com%2Fcoaster-brakes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/eastmidlands/series2/raleigh_bikes_cycling.shtml">"On Your Bike..."</a> BBC. 26 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=On+Your+Bike...&rft.date=2018-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Finsideout%2Feastmidlands%2Fseries2%2Fraleigh_bikes_cycling.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SuperCub-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SuperCub_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.honda.co.jp/supercub-anniv/">"Honda｜SUPER CUB FANSITE｜スーパーカブファンのためのポータルサイト"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foxbusiness.com/industries/2012/01/26/best-selling-cars-all-time/">the original</a> on 1 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Best-Selling+Cars+of+All+Time&rft.date=2012-01-26&rft.au=24%2F7+Wall+St.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxbusiness.com%2Findustries%2F2012%2F01%2F26%2Fbest-selling-cars-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFishman2016" class="citation journal cs1">Fishman, Elliot (2 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01441647.2015.1114271">"Cycling as transport"</a>. <i>Transport Reviews</i>. <b>36</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01441647.2015.1114271">10.1080/01441647.2015.1114271</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0144-1647">0144-1647</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+Reviews&rft.atitle=Cycling+as+transport&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E8&rft.date=2016-01-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01441647.2015.1114271&rft.issn=0144-1647&rft.aulast=Fishman&rft.aufirst=Elliot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F01441647.2015.1114271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagazineKindy" class="citation web cs1">Magazine, Smithsonian; Kindy, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-black-buffalo-soldiers-who-biked-across-the-american-west-180980246/">"The Black Buffalo Soldiers Who Biked Across the American West"</a>. <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BikeRadar&rft.atitle=Game+changers+%7C+12+innovations+that+changed+road+cycling&rft.date=2021-06-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bikeradar.com%2Ffeatures%2Fcycling-innovations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NS2581-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NS2581_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVarious2006" class="citation journal cs1">Various (9 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081204070845/https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19225812.400">"Like falling off"</a>. <i>New Scientist</i> (2581): 93. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19225812.400">the original</a> on 4 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=Like+falling+off&rft.issue=2581&rft.pages=93&rft.date=2006-12-09&rft.au=Various&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fmg19225812.400&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPRS-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MPRS_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeijaardPapadopoulosRuinaSchwab2007" class="citation journal cs1">Meijaard, J.P.; Papadopoulos, Jim M.; Ruina, Andy; Schwab, A.L. (2007). 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The MIT Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780262731546/page/270">270–72</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-73154-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-73154-6"><bdi>978-0-262-73154-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bicycling+Science&rft.pages=270-72&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=The+MIT+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-262-73154-6&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=David+Gordon&rft.au=Jim+Papadopoulos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780262731546&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fajans-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fajans_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFajans1738" class="citation journal cs1">Fajans, Joel (July 1738). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060901081011/http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~fajans/pub/pdffiles/SteerBikeAJP.PDF">"Steering in bicycles and motorcycles"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>American Journal of Physics</i>. <b>68</b> (7): <span class="nowrap">654–</span>59. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000AmJPh..68..654F">2000AmJPh..68..654F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1119%2F1.19504">10.1119/1.19504</a>. 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href="#CITEREFNorcliffe2001">Norcliffe 2001</a>, pp. 142–47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001145-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe2001145_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorcliffe2001">Norcliffe 2001</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Babaian, Sharon. <i>The Most Benevolent Machine: A Historical Assessment of Cycles in Canada</i> (Ottawa: National Museum of Science and Technology, 1998), p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Babaian, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorcliffe20018-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorcliffe20018_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Bicycle+Theft&rft.pub=bicyclelaw.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bicyclelaw.com%2Fp.cfm%2Fbicycle-safety%2Fabout-bike-theft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Lierop_Grimsrud_El-Geneidy2015" class="citation journal cs1">van Lierop Grimsrud El-Geneidy (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tram.mcgill.ca/Research/Publications/Cycling_theft.pdf">"Breaking into bicycle theft: Insights from Montreal, Canada"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>International Journal of Sustainable Transportation</i>. <b>9</b> (7): 490. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015IJSTr...9..490V">2015IJSTr...9..490V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15568318.2013.811332">10.1080/15568318.2013.811332</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:44047626">44047626</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Sustainable+Transportation&rft.atitle=Breaking+into+bicycle+theft%3A+Insights+from+Montreal%2C+Canada&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=490&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A44047626%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F15568318.2013.811332&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015IJSTr...9..490V&rft.au=van+Lierop+Grimsrud+El-Geneidy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftram.mcgill.ca%2FResearch%2FPublications%2FCycling_theft.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bikeindex.org/serials#fn-all-bikes-serials">"Bike serial numbers"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2017</span>. <q>Okay, fine, so maybe there are a few bikes without serial numbers, but this is rare and typical only on hand made bikes or really old bicycles.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bike+serial+numbers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbikeindex.org%2Fserials%23fn-all-bikes-serials&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div> <dl><dt>General</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerlihy2004" class="citation book cs1">Herlihy, David V. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bicyclehistory0000herl_n1m2/page/n3/mode/2up"><i>Bicycle: The History</i></a>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-12047-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-12047-9"><bdi>978-0-300-12047-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bicycle%3A+The+History&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+CT&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-300-12047-9&rft.aulast=Herlihy&rft.aufirst=David+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbicyclehistory0000herl_n1m2%2Fpage%2Fn3%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorcliffe2001" class="citation book cs1">Norcliffe, Glen (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9xviNs2HTIwC"><i>The Ride to Modernity: The Bicycle in Canada, 1869–1900</i></a>. Toronto, Ontario: University of Toronto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8205-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8205-3"><bdi>978-0-8020-8205-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ride+to+Modernity%3A+The+Bicycle+in+Canada%2C+1869%E2%80%931900&rft.place=Toronto%2C+Ontario&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-8205-3&rft.aulast=Norcliffe&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9xviNs2HTIwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlaskin2013" class="citation book cs1">Glaskin, Max (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/C/bo14350452.html"><i>Cycling Science: How Rider and Machine Work Together</i></a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-92187-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-92187-7"><bdi>978-0-226-92187-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cycling+Science%3A+How+Rider+and+Machine+Work+Together&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-226-92187-7&rft.aulast=Glaskin&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.press.uchicago.edu%2Fucp%2Fbooks%2Fbook%2Fchicago%2FC%2Fbo14350452.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABicycle" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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#aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Bicycle</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bicycle" class="extiw" title="wikt:bicycle">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bicycle" class="extiw" title="c:Bicycle">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bicycle" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Bicycle">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bicycle">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Bicycles" class="extiw" title="b:Bicycles">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" 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data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/EN_Bicycle.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/EN_Bicycle.ogg/EN_Bicycle.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spoken Wikipedia"><img alt="Spoken Wikipedia icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/45px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/68px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/90px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></span></span></div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer"><a href="/wiki/File:EN_Bicycle.ogg" title="File:EN Bicycle.ogg">This audio file</a> was created from a revision of this article dated 7 December 2007<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2007-12-07</span>)</span>, and does not reflect subsequent edits.</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-footer">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">Audio help</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spoken_articles" title="Wikipedia:Spoken articles">More spoken articles</a>)</div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140916100955/http://www.sciencetech.technomuses.ca/english/collection/cycles.cfm">A History of Bicycles and Other Cycles</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Science_and_Technology_Museum" title="Canada Science and Technology Museum">Canada Science and Technology Museum</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Human-powered_transport146" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human-powered_vehicles" title="Template:Human-powered vehicles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human-powered_vehicles" title="Template talk:Human-powered vehicles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human-powered_vehicles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human-powered vehicles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Human-powered_transport146" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">Human-powered transport</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_land_vehicle" title="Human-powered land vehicle">Land</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pedal power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/29er_(bicycle)" title="29er (bicycle)">29er</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bicycle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_bicycles" title="Outline of bicycles">outline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_trailer" title="Bicycle trailer">Bicycle trailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMX_bike" title="BMX bike">BMX bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boneshaker_(bicycle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boneshaker (bicycle)">Boneshaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_bike" title="Cargo bike">Cargo bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_bicycle" class="mw-redirect" title="City bicycle">City bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-weather_biking" title="Cold-weather biking">Cold-weather biking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_bicycle" title="Cruiser bicycle">Cruiser bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">Cycle rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclo-cross_bicycle" title="Cyclo-cross bicycle">Cyclo-cross bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downhill_bike" title="Downhill bike">Downhill bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enduro_(mountain_biking)" title="Enduro (mountain biking)">Enduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatbike" title="Fatbike">Fatbike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_bar_road_bike" title="Flat bar road bike">Flat bar road bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folding_bicycle" title="Folding bicycle">Folding bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_cycling" title="Glossary of cycling">Glossary of cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_bicycle" title="Hybrid bicycle">Hybrid bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorized_bicycle" title="Motorized bicycle">Motorized bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike" title="Mountain bike">Mountain bike</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_biking" title="Mountain biking">Mountain biking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27.5_Mountain_bike" class="mw-redirect" title="27.5 Mountain bike">27.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downhill_mountain_biking" title="Downhill mountain biking">Downhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_track_(mountain_biking)" title="Single track (mountain biking)">Singletrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_bike" title="Party bike">Party bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny-farthing" title="Penny-farthing">Penny-farthing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porteur_bicycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Porteur bicycle">Porteur bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prone_bicycle" title="Prone bicycle">Prone bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Quadracycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">Recumbent bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle" title="Road bicycle">Road bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(bicycle)" title="Roadster (bicycle)">Roadster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_bicycle" title="Safety bicycle">Safety bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociable" title="Sociable">Sociable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-wheel_bicycle" title="Small-wheel bicycle">Small-wheel bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandem_bicycle" title="Tandem bicycle">Tandem bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touring_bicycle" title="Touring bicycle">Touring bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_bicycle" title="Track bicycle">Track bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailer_bike" title="Trailer bike">Trailer bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricycle" title="Tricycle">Tricycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle" title="Unicycle">Unicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_bicycle" title="Utility bicycle">Utility bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velocar" title="Velocar">Velocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velocipede" title="Velocipede">Velocipede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velomobile" title="Velomobile">Velomobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelie_bike" title="Wheelie bike">Wheelie bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-weather_biking" title="Cold-weather biking">Cold-weather biking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ice_cycle" title="Ice cycle">ice cycle</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">Electric motor</a> assist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">Electric bicycle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedelec" title="Pedelec">Pedelec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorized_bicycle" title="Motorized bicycle">Motorized bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorized_scooter" title="Motorized scooter">Motorized scooter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treadle power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treadle_bicycle" title="Treadle bicycle">Treadle bicycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balance_bike" title="Balance bike">Balance bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandy_horse" title="Dandy horse">Dandy horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick_scooter" title="Kick scooter">Kick scooter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kickbike" title="Kickbike">Kickbike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kicksled" title="Kicksled">Kicksled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brakeboard" title="Brakeboard">Brakeboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeboard_(skateboard)" title="Freeboard (skateboard)">Freeboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeskates" title="Freeskates">Freeskates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longboard_(skateboard)" title="Longboard (skateboard)">Longboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skateboard" title="Skateboard">Skateboard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hand power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handcar" title="Handcar">Handcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handcycle" title="Handcycle">Handcycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobcart" title="Hobcart">Hobcart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invalid_carriage" title="Invalid carriage">Invalid carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair" title="Wheelchair">Wheelchair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Row action</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rowing_cycle" title="Rowing cycle">Rowing cycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pushed/pulled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baby_transport" title="Baby transport">Baby transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baggage_cart" title="Baggage cart">Baggage cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_chair" title="Bath chair">Bath chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cart" title="Cart">Cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatbed_trolley" title="Flatbed trolley">Flatbed trolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_truck" title="Hand truck">Hand truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulled_rickshaw" title="Pulled rickshaw">Pulled rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopping_cart" title="Shopping cart">Shopping cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopping_caddy" title="Shopping caddy">Shopping caddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stairclimber" title="Stairclimber">Stairclimber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stretcher" title="Stretcher">Stretcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_wagon" title="Toy wagon">Toy wagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelbarrow" title="Wheelbarrow">Wheelbarrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sled" title="Sled">Sled</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Carried</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Litter_(vehicle)" title="Litter (vehicle)">Litter/sedan chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoop_stretcher" title="Scoop stretcher">Scoop stretcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weight shifting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trikke" title="Trikke">Trikke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogo_stick" title="Pogo stick">Pogo stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caster_board" title="Caster board">Caster board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snakeboard" title="Snakeboard">Snakeboard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gravity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_racer" title="Gravity racer">Gravity racer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_cart" title="Billy cart">Billy cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_luge" title="Street luge">Street luge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowboard" title="Snowboard">Snowboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toboggan" title="Toboggan">Toboggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_toboggan" title="Summer toboggan">Summer toboggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_biking" title="Gravity biking">Gravity biking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_watercraft" title="Human-powered watercraft">Water</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hand power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">Canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">Kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddleboarding" title="Paddleboarding">Paddleboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing" title="Rowing">Rowing</a> (fixed seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punt_(boat)" title="Punt (boat)">Punt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hand and foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rowing" title="Rowing">Rowing</a> (sliding seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing" title="Rowing">Rowing</a> (sliding rigger)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydrocycle" title="Hydrocycle">Hydrocycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_hydrofoil" title="Human-powered hydrofoil">Hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedalo" title="Pedalo">Pedalo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Amphibious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_cycle" title="Amphibious cycle">Amphibious cycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_aircraft" title="Human-powered aircraft">Aircraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_human-powered_aircraft" title="List of human-powered aircraft">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_helicopter" title="Human-powered helicopter">Helicopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornithopter" title="Ornithopter">Ornithopter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-vehicular transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foot power</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skating" title="Inline skating">Inline skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">skates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skating" title="Roller skating">Roller skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skates" title="Roller skates">skates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running" title="Running">Running</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stair_climbing" title="Stair climbing">Stair climbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">Walking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stair_climbing" title="Stair climbing">Stair climbing</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Snow and ice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crampons" title="Crampons">Crampons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_skate" title="Ice skate">Ice skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski" title="Ski">Ski</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_touring_binding" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine touring binding">Alpine touring skis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-country_skiing" title="Cross-country skiing">Cross-country skis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telemark_skiing" title="Telemark skiing">Telemark skis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe" title="Snowshoe">Snowshoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal-powered_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal-powered transport">Animal-powered transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling" title="Cycling">Cycling</a> (<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cycling" title="Outline of cycling">outline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle-_and_human-powered_vehicle_museums" title="List of bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums">Bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_power" title="Human power">Human power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-emissions_vehicle" title="Zero-emissions vehicle">Zero-emissions vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cycling390" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cycling" title="Template:Cycling"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cycling" title="Template talk:Cycling"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cycling" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cycling"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cycling390" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cycling" title="Cycling">Cycling</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_cycling" title="Glossary of cycling">Glossary</a></li> <li>Outlines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_bicycles" title="Outline of bicycles">Bicycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cycling" title="Outline of cycling">Cycling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General and technical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_culture" title="Bicycle culture">Bicycle culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_dynamics" title="Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics">Bicycle dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_geometry" title="Bicycle and motorcycle geometry">Bicycle geometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_performance" title="Bicycle performance">Bicycle performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">Electric bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_bicycle" title="History of the bicycle">History of the bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cycling_infrastructure" title="History of cycling infrastructure">History of cycling infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balance_bike" title="Balance bike">Balance bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandem_bicycle" title="Tandem bicycle">Tandem bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricycle" title="Tricycle">Tricycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle" title="Unicycle">Unicycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Utility and slow<br /> recreation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_commuting" title="Bicycle commuting">Bicycle commuting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_messenger" title="Bicycle messenger">Bicycle messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bike_rental" title="Bike rental">Bicycle rental/hire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-sharing_system" title="Bicycle-sharing system">Bicycle-sharing system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_touring" title="Bicycle touring">Bicycle touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_bike" title="Cargo bike">Cargo bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challenge_riding" title="Challenge riding">Challenge riding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-weather_biking" title="Cold-weather biking">Cold-weather biking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_cycling" title="Indoor cycling">Indoor cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_trail" title="Rail trail">Rail trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randonneuring" title="Randonneuring">Randonneuring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_cycling" title="Road cycling">Road cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_bicycle" title="Utility bicycle">Utility bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_cycling" title="Utility cycling">Utility cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicular_cycling" title="Vehicular cycling">Vehicular cycling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports-related cycling and<br /> fast-paced recreation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_cycling" title="Artistic cycling">Artistic cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMX" title="BMX">BMX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-country_cycling" title="Cross-country cycling">Cross-country cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_speedway" title="Cycle speedway">Cycle speedway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_sport" title="Cycle sport">Cycle sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclo-cross" title="Cyclo-cross">Cyclo-cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclosportive" title="Cyclosportive">Cyclosportive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatbike" title="Fatbike">Fatbiking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeride_(mountain_biking)" title="Freeride (mountain biking)">Freeride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsprint" title="Goldsprint">Goldsprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravel_cycling" title="Gravel cycling">Gravel cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_biking" title="Mountain biking">Mountain biking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Downhill_mountain_biking" title="Downhill mountain biking">Downhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_bike_trials" title="Mountain bike trials">Trials</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_track" title="Pump track">Pump track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_bicycle_racing" title="Road bicycle racing">Road bicycle racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_cycling" title="Track cycling">Track cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triathlon" title="Triathlon">Triathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle_hockey" title="Unicycle hockey">Unicycle hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle_trials" title="Unicycle trials">Unicycle trials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health, safety and<br /> infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_mobility" title="Active mobility">Active mobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-friendly" title="Bicycle-friendly">Bicycle-friendly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_law" title="Bicycle law">Bicycle law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_parking" title="Bicycle parking">Bicycle parking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_poverty_reduction" title="Bicycle poverty reduction">Bicycle poverty reduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_rodeo" title="Bicycle rodeo">Bicycle rodeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_safety" title="Bicycle safety">Bicycle safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_transportation_planning_and_engineering" title="Bicycle transportation planning and engineering">Bicycle transportation planning and engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bike_rage" title="Bike rage">Bike rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bike_registry" title="Bike registry">Bike registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bike-to-Work_Day" title="Bike-to-Work Day">Bike-to-Work Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bike_Week_(cycling)" title="Bike Week (cycling)">Bike Week (Bicycle Week)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclability" title="Cyclability">Cyclability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_advocacy" title="Cycling advocacy">Cycling advocacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_infrastructure" title="Cycling infrastructure">Cycling infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_signals" title="Hand signals">Hand signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_stop" title="Idaho stop">Idaho stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lane_splitting" title="Lane splitting">Lane splitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_intersection" title="Protected intersection">Protected intersection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegelijk_groen" title="Tegelijk groen">Tegelijk groen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time%27s_Up!" title="Time's Up!">Time's Up!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicular_cycling" title="Vehicular cycling">Vehicular cycling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_collecting" title="Bicycle collecting">Bicycle collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_kit" title="Cycling kit">Cycling kit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentacycle" title="Pentacycle">Pentacycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Quadracycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">Sustainable transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle_types" title="List of bicycle types">List of bicycle types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle_brands_and_manufacturing_companies" title="List of bicycle brands and manufacturing companies">List of bicycle brands and manufacturing companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_BMX_bicycle_manufacturers" title="List of BMX bicycle manufacturers">List of BMX bicycle manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle-sharing_systems" title="List of bicycle-sharing systems">List of bicycle-sharing systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cyclists" title="List of cyclists">List of cyclists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_bicycles_and_cycling" title="List of films about bicycles and cycling">List of films about bicycles and cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_doping_cases_in_cycling" title="List of doping cases in cycling">List of doping cases in cycling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cycling" title="Category:Cycling">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bicycle_parts145" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bike_equipment" title="Template:Bike equipment"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bike_equipment" title="Template talk:Bike equipment"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bike_equipment" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bike equipment"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bicycle_parts145" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bicycle_parts" title="List of bicycle parts">Bicycle parts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_frame" title="Bicycle frame">Frame</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_handlebar" title="Bicycle handlebar">Handlebars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stem_(bicycle_part)" title="Stem (bicycle part)">Stem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_tube" title="Head tube">Head tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headset_(bicycle_part)" title="Headset (bicycle part)">Headset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_fork" title="Bicycle fork">Fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seatpost" title="Seatpost">Seatpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_saddle" title="Bicycle saddle">Saddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottom_bracket" title="Bottom bracket">Bottom bracket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fork_end" title="Fork end">Fork end</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_suspension" title="Bicycle suspension">Suspension</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bicycle_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diagram"><img alt="Diagram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bicycle_diagram.svg/450px-Bicycle_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="450" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bicycle_diagram.svg/675px-Bicycle_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bicycle_diagram.svg/900px-Bicycle_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_wheel" title="Bicycle wheel">Wheels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">Tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoke" title="Spoke">Spoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoke_nipple" title="Spoke nipple">Spoke nipple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valve_stem" title="Valve stem">Valve stem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustcap" title="Dustcap">Dustcap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_release_skewer" title="Quick release skewer">Quick release skewer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_drivetrain_systems" title="Bicycle drivetrain systems">Drivetrain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pedal" title="Bicycle pedal">Pedal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crankset" title="Crankset">Crankset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_chain" title="Bicycle chain">Chain</a>/<a href="/wiki/Belt-driven_bicycle" title="Belt-driven bicycle">Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_link" title="Master link">Master link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cogset" title="Cogset">Cogset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derailleur" title="Derailleur">Derailleur</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hub_gear" title="Hub gear">Hub gears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gear_case" title="Gear case">Gear case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprocket" title="Sprocket">Sprocket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shifter_(bicycle_part)" title="Shifter (bicycle part)">Shifter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowden_cable" title="Bowden cable">Bowden cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_guide" title="Cable guide">Cable guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_brake" title="Bicycle brake">Brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrule" title="Ferrule">Ferrule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peripherals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_basket" title="Bicycle basket">Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_bell" title="Bicycle bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottle_cage" title="Bottle cage">Bottle cage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_fairing" title="Bicycle fairing">Fairing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclocomputer" title="Cyclocomputer">Cyclocomputer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickstand" title="Kickstand">Kickstand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_lighting" title="Bicycle lighting">Lighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luggage_carrier" title="Luggage carrier">Luggage carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fender_(vehicle)#Bicycles_and_motorcycles" title="Fender (vehicle)">Mudguards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannier#Bicycle_panniers" title="Pannier">Panniers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddlebag#Bicycle" title="Saddlebag">Saddlebag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoke_card" title="Spoke card">Spoke card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_reflector#Bicycle_reflector" title="Safety reflector">Reflectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirt_guard" title="Skirt guard">Skirt guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_fender" title="Bicycle fender">Fender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_wheels" title="Training wheels">Training wheels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Private_transport132" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Private_transport" title="Template:Private transport"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Private_transport" title="Template talk:Private transport"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Private_transport" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Private transport"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Private_transport132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Private_transport" title="Private transport">Private transport</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Motorized vehicular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Car" title="Car">Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorboat" title="Motorboat">Motorboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">Electric bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_skateboard" title="Electric skateboard">Electric skateboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft">Hovercraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle" title="Motorcycle">Motorcycle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moped" title="Moped">Moped</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scooter_(motorcycle)" title="Scooter (motorcycle)">Scooter (motorcycle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobility_scooter" title="Mobility scooter">Mobility scooter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_jet" class="mw-redirect" title="Private jet">Private jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_ship" title="Motor ship">Motor ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorized_wheelchair" title="Motorized wheelchair">Motorized wheelchair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_railroad_car" title="Private railroad car">Private railroad car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_spaceflight" title="Private spaceflight">Private spaceflight</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-motorized vehicular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bicycle</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cycling" title="Cycling">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pack_animal" title="Pack animal">Pack animal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skating" title="Roller skating">Roller skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick_scooter" title="Kick scooter">Scooter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skateboard" title="Skateboard">Skateboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair" title="Wheelchair">Wheelchair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse-drawn_vehicle" title="Horse-drawn vehicle">Horse-drawn vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_air_balloon" title="Hot air balloon">Hot air balloon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">Vehicles for hire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Car_rental" title="Car rental">Car rental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_rickshaw" title="Auto rickshaw">Auto rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boda-boda" class="mw-redirect" title="Boda-boda">Boda-boda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">Cycle rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondola" title="Gondola">Gondola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackney_carriage" title="Hackney carriage">Hackney carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_taxi" title="Motorcycle taxi">Motorcycle taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paratransit" title="Paratransit">Paratransit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulled_rickshaw" title="Pulled rickshaw">Pulled rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">Ridesharing company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">Share taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxicab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shared</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shared_transport" title="Shared transport">Shared transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsharing" title="Carsharing">Carsharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpool" title="Carpool">Carpooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_jockey" title="Car jockey">Car jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexible_carpooling" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexible carpooling">Flexible carpooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">Peer-to-peer ridesharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slugging" title="Slugging">Slugging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanpool" title="Vanpool">Vanpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-sharing_system" title="Bicycle-sharing system">Bicycle-sharing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non vehicular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ice_skate" title="Ice skate">Ice skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">Inline skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running" title="Running">Running</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stair_Climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Stair Climbing">Stair Climbing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swimming" title="Swimming">Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">Walking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stair_Climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Stair Climbing">Stair Climbing</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">Public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_public_transport" title="Personal public transport">Personal public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modal_share" title="Modal share">Modal share</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Micromobility75" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Micromobility" title="Template:Micromobility"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Micromobility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Micromobility (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Micromobility" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Micromobility"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Micromobility75" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Micromobility" title="Micromobility">Micromobility</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Motorized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_bicycle" title="Electric bicycle">Electric bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_motorcycles_and_scooters" title="Electric motorcycles and scooters">Electric scooter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Autoped" title="Autoped">Autoped</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_skateboard" title="Electric skateboard">Electric skateboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_trike" title="Electric trike">Electric trike</a> (<a href="/wiki/Twike" title="Twike">Twike</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_unicycle" title="Electric unicycle">Electric unicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golf_cart" title="Golf cart">Golf cart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoverboard" title="Hoverboard">Hoverboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microcar" title="Microcar">Microcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobility_scooter" title="Mobility scooter">Mobility scooter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onewheel" title="Onewheel">Onewheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadricycle" title="Quadricycle">Quadricycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segway" title="Segway">Segway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velocar" title="Velocar">Velocar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unmotorized with pedals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bicycle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">recumbent</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handcycle" title="Handcycle">Handcycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobcart" title="Hobcart">Hobcart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Quadracycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricycle" title="Tricycle">Tricycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle" title="Unicycle">Unicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velomobile" title="Velomobile">Velomobile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unmotorized without pedals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath_chair" title="Bath chair">Bath chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick_scooter" title="Kick scooter">Kick scooter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kicksled" title="Kicksled">Kicksled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skates" title="Roller skates">Roller skates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skateboard" title="Skateboard">Skateboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroller" class="mw-redirect" title="Stroller">Stroller</a> (Roller buggy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair" title="Wheelchair">Wheelchair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italian_bicycle_manufacturers85" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template:Italian bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italian_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template talk:Italian bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italian_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italian bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italian_bicycle_manufacturers85" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Italian <a class="mw-selflink selflink">bicycle</a> manufacturers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3T_Cycling" title="3T Cycling">3T Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abici" title="Abici">Abici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALAN" title="ALAN">ALAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Askoll" title="Askoll">Askoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atala_(company)" title="Atala (company)">Atala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basso_Bikes" title="Basso Bikes">Basso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battaglin_Cicli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battaglin Cicli (page does not exist)">Battaglin Cicli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benotto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benotto (page does not exist)">Benotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bianchi_(company)" title="Bianchi (company)">Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borile" title="Borile">Borile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottecchia" title="Bottecchia">Bottecchia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnielli" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnielli">Carnielli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carrera_Podium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carrera Podium (page does not exist)">Carrera Podium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C.B.T._Italia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C.B.T. Italia (page does not exist)">C.B.T. Italia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casati" title="Casati">Casati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chesini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chesini (page does not exist)">Chesini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinelli" title="Cinelli">Cinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ci%C3%B6cc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciöcc (page does not exist)">Ciöcc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colnago" title="Colnago">Colnago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daccordi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daccordi (page does not exist)">Daccordi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Rosa_(bicycle_company)" title="De Rosa (bicycle company)">De Rosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Di_Blasi_Industriale" title="Di Blasi Industriale">Di Blasi Industriale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faggin" title="Faggin">Faggin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frera" title="Frera">Frera</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gios&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gios (page does not exist)">Gios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerciotti" title="Guerciotti">Guerciotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuota" title="Kuota">Kuota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legnano" title="Legnano">Legnano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MCipollini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MCipollini (page does not exist)">MCipollini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Pegoretti" title="Dario Pegoretti">Dario Pegoretti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iride_Bicycles" title="Iride Bicycles">Iride</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masciaghi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masciaghi (page does not exist)">Masciaghi</a></li> <li>Moser Cicli</li> <li>Olmo</li> <li>Olympia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinarello" title="Pinarello">Pinarello</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rewel_Bikes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rewel Bikes (page does not exist)">Rewel Bikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somec" title="Somec">Somec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stelbel" title="Stelbel">Stelbel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommasini" title="Tommasini">Tommasini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpado" title="Torpado">Torpado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilier_Triestina" title="Wilier Triestina">Wilier Triestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zullo" title="Zullo">Zullo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AMF_Gloria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AMF Gloria (page does not exist)">AMF Gloria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiorda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiorda (page does not exist)">Chiorda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimatti" title="Cimatti">Cimatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Bozzi" title="Emilio Bozzi">Emilio Bozzi & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frejus" class="mw-redirect" title="Frejus">Frejus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italvega" title="Italvega">Italvega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maffeis" title="Maffeis">Maffeis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maino_(company)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maino (company) (page does not exist)">Maino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masi_Bicycles" title="Masi Bicycles">Masi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogliaghi" title="Pogliaghi">Pogliaghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prinetti_%26_Stucchi" title="Prinetti & Stucchi">Prinetti & Stucchi</a></li> <li>Romani</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossin" title="Rossin">Rossin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3T_Cycling" title="3T Cycling">3T Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosio_(Fahrradhersteller)" class="extiw" title="de:Ambrosio (Fahrradhersteller)">Ambrosio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campagnolo" title="Campagnolo">Campagnolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinelli" title="Cinelli">Cinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_(company)" title="Columbus (company)">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DM_Telai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DM Telai (page does not exist)">DM Telai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulcrum_Wheels" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulcrum Wheels">Fulcrum Wheels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gipiemme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gipiemme (page does not exist)">Gipiemme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italmanubri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italmanubri (page does not exist)">Italmanubri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marzocchi" title="Marzocchi">Marzocchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miche_(company)" title="Miche (company)">Miche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modolo" title="Modolo">Modolo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paioli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paioli (page does not exist)">Paioli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirelli" title="Pirelli">Pirelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selle_Royal" title="Selle Royal">Selle Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittoria_S.p.A." class="mw-redirect" title="Vittoria S.p.A.">Vittoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italian cycle designers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antenore_Belletti" title="Antenore Belletti">Antenore Belletti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stelio_Belletti" title="Stelio Belletti">Stelio Belletti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Bianchi" title="Edoardo Bianchi">Edoardo Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottavio_Bottecchia" title="Ottavio Bottecchia">Ottavio Bottecchia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Bozzi" title="Emilio Bozzi">Emilio Bozzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullio_Campagnolo" title="Tullio Campagnolo">Tullio Campagnolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cino_Cinelli" title="Cino Cinelli">Cino Cinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Colnago" title="Ernesto Colnago">Ernesto Colnago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Fondriest" title="Maurizio Fondriest">Maurizio Fondriest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Moser" title="Francesco Moser">Francesco Moser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Olmo" title="Giuseppe Olmo">Giuseppe Olmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Pegoretti" title="Dario Pegoretti">Dario Pegoretti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biemme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biemme (page does not exist)">Biemme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castelli_(brand)" title="Castelli (brand)">Castelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Marchi_(clothing)" title="De Marchi (clothing)">De Marchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwave_(sportswear)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwave (sportswear)">Northwave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santini_SMS" title="Santini SMS">Santini SMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIDI" class="mw-redirect" title="SIDI">SIDI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="French_bicycle_manufacturers56" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:French_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template:French bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:French_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template talk:French bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:French_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:French bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="French_bicycle_manufacturers56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">French <a class="mw-selflink selflink">bicycle</a> manufacturers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cycles_Peugeot" title="Cycles Peugeot">Peugeot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyfac" title="Cyfac">Cyfac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitane" title="Gitane">Gitane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapierre_Bikes" title="Lapierre Bikes">Lapierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Look (company)">Look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louison_Bobet_(company)" title="Louison Bobet (company)">Louison Bobet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motob%C3%A9cane" title="Motobécane">Motobécane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solex_(manufacturer)" title="Solex (manufacturer)">Solex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_(bicycle_company)" title="Time (bicycle company)">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Rysel" title="Van Rysel">Van Rysel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9loSoleX" title="VéloSoleX">VéloSoleX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitus_(bicycle_company)" title="Vitus (bicycle company)">Vitus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcyon" title="Alcyon">Alcyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Cycles" title="Clément Cycles">Clément</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corima" title="Corima">Corima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycles_Follis" title="Cycles Follis">Follis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladiator_Cycle_Company" title="Gladiator Cycle Company">Gladiator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnome_et_Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Gnome et Rhône">Gnome et Rhône</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Herse" title="René Herse">René Herse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurtu" title="Hurtu">Hurtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matra" title="Matra">Matra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufrance" title="Manufrance">Manufrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochet" title="Mochet">Mochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_brothers" title="Olivier brothers">Olivier brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_(bicycle_company)" title="Stella (bicycle company)">Stella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrot" title="Terrot">Terrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urago" title="Urago">Urago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velocar" title="Velocar">Velocar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Tyres" title="Clément Tyres">Clément Tyres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_SA" title="Hutchinson SA">Hutchinson SA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafac" title="Mafac">Mafac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavic_(bicycle_parts_company)" title="Mavic (bicycle parts company)">Mavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Juy" title="Lucien Juy">Simplex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_bicycle_manufacturers57" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template:British bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template talk:British bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_bicycle_manufacturers57" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">British <a class="mw-selflink selflink">bicycle</a> manufacturers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-bike" title="A-bike">A-bike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bickerton_(bicycle)" title="Bickerton (bicycle)">Bickerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boardman_Bikes" title="Boardman Bikes">Boardman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bootie_(bicycle)" title="Bootie (bicycle)">Bootie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Eagle_(bicycle_company)" title="British Eagle (bicycle company)">British Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brompton_Bicycle" title="Brompton Bicycle">Brompton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campion_Cycle_Company" title="Campion Cycle Company">Campion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condor_Cycles" title="Condor Cycles">Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawes_Cycles" title="Dawes Cycles">Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defiance_Cycle_Company" title="Defiance Cycle Company">Defiance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolan_Bikes" title="Dolan Bikes">Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Cycles" title="Falcon Cycles">Falcon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_(bicycle_company)" title="Genesis (bicycle company)">Genesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfords" title="Halfords">Halfords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetchins" title="Hetchins">Hetchins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holdsworth" title="Holdsworth">Holdsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islabikes" title="Islabikes">Islabikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_Cars" title="Lotus Cars">Lotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercian_Cycles" title="Mercian Cycles">Mercian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulton_Bicycle" title="Moulton Bicycle">Moulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muddyfox" title="Muddyfox">Muddyfox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_Bicycle" title="Paper Bicycle">Paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashley_Cycles" title="Pashley Cycles">Pashley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedersen_bicycle" title="Pedersen bicycle">Pedersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_Cycles" title="Phillips Cycles">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_X_Limited" title="Planet X Limited">Planet X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh_Bicycle_Company" title="Raleigh Bicycle Company">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reynolds_Technology" title="Reynolds Technology">Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridgeback_(brand)" title="Ridgeback (brand)">Ridgeback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Hood_(bicycle_company)" title="Robin Hood (bicycle company)">Robin Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saracen_Cycles" title="Saracen Cycles">Saracen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strida" title="Strida">Strida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_Cycles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temple Cycles (page does not exist)">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI_Group" title="TI Group">TI Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whyte_Bikes" title="Whyte Bikes">Whyte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_Motorcycles" title="Ariel Motorcycles">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Small_Arms_Company" title="Birmingham Small Arms Company">BSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlton_Cycles" title="Carlton Cycles">Carlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claud_Butler" title="Claud Butler">Claud Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chater-Lea" title="Chater-Lea">Chater-Lea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry-Eagle" title="Coventry-Eagle">Coventry-Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Premier" title="Coventry Premier">Coventry Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_Briggs" title="Ellis Briggs">Ellis Briggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elswick_Hopper" title="Elswick Hopper">Elswick Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Scot_(bicycles)" title="Flying Scot (bicycles)">Flying Scot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans_Cycles" title="Evans Cycles">F.W. Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Grubb" title="Freddie Grubb">Freddie Grubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Quinn" title="Harry Quinn">Harry Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_Cycle_and_Motor_Company" title="Hercules Cycle and Motor Company">Hercules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_cycles" title="Humber cycles">Humber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Cycles" title="Norman Cycles">Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_(car)" title="Perry (car)">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Cycles" title="Roberts Cycles">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rover_(motorcycles)" title="Rover (motorcycles)">Rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Enfield" title="Royal Enfield">Royal Enfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudge-Whitworth" title="Rudge-Whitworth">Rudge-Whitworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_(motorcycle)" title="Sun (motorcycle)">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Cycles" title="Sunbeam Cycles">Sunbeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triumph_Cycle" title="Triumph Cycle">Triumph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppadine_Cycles" title="Uppadine Cycles">Uppadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Cycle_Company" title="Viking Cycle Company">Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witcomb_Cycles" title="Witcomb Cycles">Witcomb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooks_England" title="Brooks England">Brooks England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Tyres" title="Dunlop Tyres">Dunlop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_Technology" title="Hope Technology">Hope Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlemores_Saddles" title="Middlemores Saddles">Middlemores Saddles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturmey-Archer" title="Sturmey-Archer">Sturmey-Archer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="German_bicycle_manufacturers56" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:German_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template:German bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:German_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Template talk:German bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:German_bicycle_manufacturers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:German bicycle manufacturers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="German_bicycle_manufacturers56" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">German <a class="mw-selflink selflink">bicycle</a> manufacturers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AT_Cycles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AT Cycles (page does not exist)">AT Cycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyon_Bicycles" title="Canyon Bicycles">Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corratec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corratec (page does not exist)">Corratec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cube_Bikes" title="Cube Bikes">Cube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Derby Cycle">Derby Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant_(German_bicycle_company)" title="Diamant (German bicycle company)">Diamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focus_Bikes" title="Focus Bikes">Focus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GHOST-Bikes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GHOST-Bikes (page does not exist)">GHOST-Bikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hase_Spezialr%C3%A4der" title="Hase Spezialräder">Hase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalkhoff" title="Kalkhoff">Kalkhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kettler" title="Kettler">Kettler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophete" title="Prophete">Prophete</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PROPAIN_Bicycles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PROPAIN Bicycles (page does not exist)">PROPAIN Bicycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riese_und_M%C3%BCller" title="Riese und Müller">Riese und Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROSE_Bikes" class="mw-redirect" title="ROSE Bikes">ROSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rixe" title="Rixe">Rixe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">Utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YT_Industries" title="YT Industries">YT Industries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adler_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adler (automobile)">Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brennabor" title="Brennabor">Brennabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Express_Werke" title="Express Werke">Express Werke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoffmann_(motorcycle)" title="Hoffmann (motorcycle)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrieverband_Fahrzeugbau" title="Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau">Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSU_Motorenwerke" title="NSU Motorenwerke">NSU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simson_(company)" title="Simson (company)">Simson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triumph_(TWN)" title="Triumph (TWN)">TWN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_(motorcycle)" title="Victoria (motorcycle)">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderer_(company)" title="Wanderer (company)">Wanderer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_AG" title="Continental AG">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magura_GmbH" title="Magura GmbH">Magura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohloff" title="Rohloff">Rohloff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlumpf_Drive" title="Schlumpf Drive">Schlumpf Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schmidt_Original_Nabendynamo" title="Schmidt Original Nabendynamo">SON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoberer_Rad_Me%C3%9Ftechnik" title="Schoberer Rad Meßtechnik">SRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwalbe_Tires" title="Schwalbe Tires">Schwalbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wippermann" title="Wippermann">Wippermann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11442#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1606" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/013902">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10647185">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bicycle&oldid=1276789066">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bicycle&oldid=1276789066</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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