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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esteban_Bethlen_(pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Transilvania)" title="Esteban Bethlen (príncipe de Transilvania) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Esteban Bethlen (príncipe de Transilvania)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Bethlen_(duko)" title="István Bethlen (duko) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="István Bethlen (duko)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tienne_III_Bethlen" title="Étienne III Bethlen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Étienne III Bethlen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlen_Istv%C3%A1n_erd%C3%A9lyi_fejedelem" title="Bethlen István erdélyi fejedelem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bethlen István erdélyi fejedelem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tefan_Bethlen" title="Ștefan Bethlen – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ștefan Bethlen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_III_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Иштван III Бетлен – Russian" 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</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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decoding="async" width="220" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Bethlenistv%C3%A1nfejedelem.JPG/330px-Bethlenistv%C3%A1nfejedelem.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Bethlenistv%C3%A1nfejedelem.JPG 2x" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption>Stephen Bethlen</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Stephen Bethlen de Iktár</b> (1582 – 23 December 1648) was the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Transylvania" title="Prince of Transylvania">Prince of Transylvania</a> in late 1630.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPéter1994326_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPéter1994326-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Bethlen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stephen was the younger of the two sons of Farkas <a href="/wiki/Bethlen" title="Bethlen">Bethlen de Iktár</a> and Druzsiána Lázár de Szárhegy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012216_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012216-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was born in his father's estate, Marosillye (now <a href="/wiki/Ilia,_Hunedoara" title="Ilia, Hunedoara">Ilia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>), in 1582.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012216_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012216-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was the younger brother of <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Bethlen" title="Gabriel Bethlen">Gabriel Bethlen</a>, Prince of Transylvania between 1613-1629 and King-elect of Hungary. </p><p>According to contemporaries, Stephen Bethlen was rather poorly educated. Nevertheless, some people saw in him a successor who was to continue the policies of his brother, the prince. Gabriel Bethlen did everything in his power to equip and strengthen his younger brother with privileges. He gave him the castle of <a href="/wiki/Khust" title="Khust">Khust</a> and made him Voivode for life of Hunyad (<a href="/wiki/Hunedoara" title="Hunedoara">Hunedoara</a>) and owner of the Hunedoara castle (today part of Romania) and property in <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ramaros_County" title="Máramaros County">Máramaros County</a>. </p><p>After the death of his brother, Stephen Bethlen tried on January 25, 1630 without success to take over the reign from his sister-in-law <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Brandenburg" title="Catherine of Brandenburg">Catherine of Brandenburg</a>. On September 28, 1630 he was more successful and raised to the rank of Prince of Transylvania in Kolozsvár, but he resigned after only 60 days later on November 26, 1630 in Segesvár. On December 1, 1630, <a href="/wiki/George_I_R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi" title="George I Rákóczi">George I Rákóczi</a> was elected as new Prince of Transylvania by the Transylvanian state parliament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Bethlen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPéter1994326-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPéter1994326_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPéter1994">Péter 1994</a>, p. 326.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012216-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012216_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012216_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBalogh2012">Balogh 2012</a>, p. 216.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Bethlen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBalogh2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Balogh, Judit (2012). "Bethlen István". In Gujdár, Noémi; Szatmáry, Nóra (eds.). <i>Magyar királyok nagykönyve: Uralkodóink, kormányzóink és az erdélyi fejedelmek életének és tetteinek képes története </i>[Encyclopedia of the Kings of Hungary: An Illustrated History of the Life and Deeds of Our Monarchs, Regents and the Princes of Transylvania]<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Reader's Digest. pp. <span class="nowrap">216–</span>218. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-963-289-214-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-963-289-214-6"><bdi>978-963-289-214-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bethlen+Istv%C3%A1n&rft.btitle=Magyar+kir%C3%A1lyok+nagyk%C3%B6nyve%3A+Uralkod%C3%B3ink%2C+korm%C3%A1nyz%C3%B3ink+%C3%A9s+az+erd%C3%A9lyi+fejedelmek+%C3%A9let%C3%A9nek+%C3%A9s+tetteinek+k%C3%A9pes+t%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nete+%5BEncyclopedia+of+the+Kings+of+Hungary%3A+An+Illustrated+History+of+the+Life+and+Deeds+of+Our+Monarchs%2C+Regents+and+the+Princes+of+Transylvania%5D&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E216-%3C%2Fspan%3E218&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-963-289-214-6&rft.aulast=Balogh&rft.aufirst=Judit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+Bethlen" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPéter1994" class="citation book cs1">Péter, Katalin (1994). "The Golden Age of the Principality (1606–1660)". In Köpeczi, Béla; Barta, Gábor; Bóna, István; Makkai, László; Szász, Zoltán; Borus, Judit (eds.). <i>History of Transylvania</i>. Akadémiai Kiadó. pp. <span class="nowrap">301–</span>358. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-05-6703-2" title="Special:BookSources/963-05-6703-2"><bdi>963-05-6703-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Golden+Age+of+the+Principality+%281606%E2%80%931660%29&rft.btitle=History+of+Transylvania&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E301-%3C%2Fspan%3E358&rft.pub=Akad%C3%A9miai+Kiad%C3%B3&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=963-05-6703-2&rft.aulast=P%C3%A9ter&rft.aufirst=Katalin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+Bethlen" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Stephen Bethlen </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Bethlen" title="Bethlen">House of Bethlen</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 1582</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Brandenburg" title="Catherine of Brandenburg">Catherine of Brandenburg</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Transylvania" title="Prince of Transylvania">Prince of Transylvania</a> </b><br />1630–1630 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_I_R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi" title="George I Rákóczi">George I Rákóczi</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/190035854">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1271159938">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+style+.asbox,.mw-parser-output :not(p):not(.asbox)+link+.asbox{margin-top:3em}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span style="vertical-align:middle; background:transparent; color:inherit"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Flag of Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><span style="margin-left:-30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hourglass_drawing.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Hourglass icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hourglass_drawing.svg/23px-Hourglass_drawing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="30" class="mw-file-element" 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