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<span>Chirurgi noti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chirurgi_noti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliographia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nexus_interni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nexus_interni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nexus interni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nexus_interni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nexus_externi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nexus_externi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Nexus externi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nexus_externi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Index" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chirurgia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 110 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-110" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">110 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Africana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Africana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirurch%C3%ADa" title="Cirurchía – Aragonensis" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cirurchía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यचिकित्सा – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="शल्यचिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9" title="جراحة – Arabica" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جراحة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A5%DC%A8%DC%92%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܥܨܒܘܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܥܨܒܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirux%C3%ADa" title="Ciruxía – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ciruxía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99rrahiyy%C9%99" title="Cərrahiyyə – Atropatenica" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cərrahiyyə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Atropatenica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="جراحلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جراحلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хірургія – Ruthenica Alba" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хірургія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Ruthenica Alba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хірургія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хірургія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed%C3%A8l" title="Bedèl – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bedèl" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Хирургия – Bulgarica" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хирургия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8" title="आपरेसन – Bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="आपरेसन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="অস্ত্রোপচার – Bengalica" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অস্ত্রোপচার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirurgija" title="Hirurgija – Bosnica" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hirurgija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirurgia" title="Cirurgia – Catalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cirurgia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%95%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="نەشتەرگەری – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نەشتەرگەری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Bohemica" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Bohemica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Хирурги – Chuvassica" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хирурги" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvassica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llawfeddygaeth" title="Llawfeddygaeth – Cambrica" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llawfeddygaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Cambrica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgi" title="Kirurgi – Danica" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kirurgi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Germanica" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Germanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यचिकित्सा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="शल्यचिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Χειρουργική – Graeca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χειρουργική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Graeca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery – Anglica" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Surgery" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Anglica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgio" title="Kirurgio – Esperantica" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kirurgio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperantica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirug%C3%ADa" title="Cirugía – Hispanica" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cirugía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Hispanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgia" title="Kirurgia – Estonica" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kirurgia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgia" title="Kirurgia – Vasconica" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kirurgia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Vasconica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%DB%8C" title="جراحی – Persica" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جراحی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgia" title="Kirurgia – Finnica" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kirurgia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgia" title="Kirurgia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kirurgia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veisele" title="Veisele – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Veisele" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Francogallica" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francogallica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1inliacht" title="Máinliacht – Hibernica" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Máinliacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Hibernica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirurx%C3%ADa" title="Cirurxía – Gallaica" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cirurxía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Gallaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="כירורגיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כירורגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यचिकित्सा – Hindica" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शल्यचिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgija" title="Kirurgija – Croatica" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kirurgija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seb%C3%A9szet" title="Sebészet – Hungarica" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sebészet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Վիրաբուժություն – Armenica" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիրաբուժություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgia" title="Chirurgia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Chirurgia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedah" title="Bedah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bedah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgio" title="Kirurgio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kirurgio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppskur%C3%B0ur" title="Uppskurður – Islandica" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Uppskurður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgia" title="Chirurgia – Italiana" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chirurgia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="外科学 – Iaponica" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="外科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Iaponica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedhah" title="Bedhah – Iavensis" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bedhah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Iavensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქირურგია – Georgiana" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქირურგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgiana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yas%CA%8A%CA%8A_t%CA%8Am%C9%A9y%C9%9B_(Chirurgie)" title="Yasʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ (Chirurgie) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Yasʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ (Chirurgie)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Хирургия – Cazachica" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хирургия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Cazachica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86" title="ಶಸ್ತ್ರಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆ – Cannadica" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶಸ್ತ್ರಚಿಕಿತ್ಸೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Cannadica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%99%B8%EA%B3%BC" title="외과 – Coreana" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="외과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%9Fterger%C3%AE" title="Niştergerî – Curdica" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Niştergerî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Curdica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Хирургия – Chirgisica" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Хирургия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Chirgisica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirurjia" title="Sirurjia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sirurjia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Limburgica" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerusia" title="Cerusia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cerusia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgija" title="Chirurgija – Lithuanica" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chirurgija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6irur%C4%A3ija" title="Ķirurģija – Lettonica" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķirurģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Хирургий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Хирургий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badah" title="Badah – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Badah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хирургија – Macedonica" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хирургија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ശസ്ത്രക്രിയ – Malabarica" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശസ്ത്രക്രിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%81_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мэс засал – Mongolica" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мэс засал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यचिकित्सा – Marathica" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शल्यचिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembedahan" title="Pembedahan – Malayana" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pembedahan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2%E1%80%85%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="ခွဲစိတ်ကုပညာ – Birmanica" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခွဲစိတ်ကုပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यक्रिया – Nepalensis" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="शल्यक्रिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यचिकित्सा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="शल्यचिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Batava" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Batava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgi" title="Kirurgi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kirurgi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgi" title="Kirurgi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kirurgi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirurgia" title="Cirurgia – Occitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cirurgia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਰਜਰੀ – Panjabica" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਰਜਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Panjabica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यचिकित्सा – Palica" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="शल्यचिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Palica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgia" title="Chirurgia – Polonica" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chirurgia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%8A" title="جراحي – Afganica" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جراحي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Afganica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirurgia" title="Cirurgia – Lusitana" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cirurgia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Lusitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runa_kuchuy" title="Runa kuchuy – Quechuae" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Runa kuchuy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechuae" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgie" title="Chirurgie – Dacoromanica" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chirurgie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Dacoromanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Хирургия – Russica" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хирургия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="शल्यचिकित्सा – Sanscrita" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="शल्यचिकित्सा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanscrita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurg%C3%ACa" title="Chirurgìa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chirurgìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgija" title="Kirurgija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kirurgija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="ශල්‍යවේදය – Singhalensis" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ශල්‍යවේදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singhalensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Surgery" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurgia" title="Chirurgia – Slovaca" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chirurgia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgija" title="Kirurgija – Slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kirurgija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgjia" title="Kirurgjia – Albanica" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kirurgjia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хирургија – Serbica" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хирургија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirurgi" title="Kirurgi – Suecica" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kirurgi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Suecica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upasuaji" title="Upasuaji – Suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Upasuaji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88" title="அறுவைச் சிகிச்சை – Tamulica" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அறுவைச் சிகிச்சை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamulica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8" title="శస్త్ర చికిత్స – Telingana" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="శస్త్ర చికిత్స" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telingana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ศัลยศาสตร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศัลยศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pag-oopera" title="Pag-oopera – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pag-oopera" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerrahi" title="Cerrahi – Turcica" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cerrahi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turcica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хірургія – Ucrainica" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хірургія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ucrainica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA" title="جراحت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جراحت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarrohlik" title="Jarrohlik – Uzbecica" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jarrohlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbecica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirurzia" title="Chirurzia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Chirurzia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngo%E1%BA%A1i_khoa" title="Ngoại khoa – Vietnamica" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngoại khoa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siruhiya" title="Siruhiya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Siruhiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="外科学 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="外科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A2" title="כירורגיע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כירורגיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="外科学 – Sinica" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="外科学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sinica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%C4%81-kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Goā-kho-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Goā-kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E7%A7%91" title="外科 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="外科" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q40821#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Nexus inter linguas recensere" class="wbc-editpage">Nexus recensere</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spatia nominalia"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chirurgia" title="Videre paginam [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Res</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disputatio:Chirurgia&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Disputatio de hac pagina (non est haec pagina) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Disputatio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label 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id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specialis:Paginae_speciales" title="Index paginarum specialium [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paginae speciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&oldid=3743449" title="Nexus perpetuus ad hanc paginae redactionem"><span>Nexus perpetuus</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>De hac pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialis:CiteThisPage&page=Chirurgia&id=3743449&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Institutiones de hac pagina citanda"><span>Hanc paginam citare</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialis:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fla.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FChirurgia"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inceptis aliis </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surgery" hreflang="en"><span>Vicimedia Communia</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q40821" title="Nexus ad rem repositorii Vicibasis [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Res Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-a10100" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/VP:Expansio" title="VP:Expansio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Roman_numeral_10000_CC_DD_cropped.svg/20px-Roman_numeral_10000_CC_DD_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Roman_numeral_10000_CC_DD_cropped.svg/30px-Roman_numeral_10000_CC_DD_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Roman_numeral_10000_CC_DD_cropped.svg/40px-Roman_numeral_10000_CC_DD_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="68" data-file-height="43" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">E Vicipaedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="la" dir="ltr"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Mining_Yellow.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mining_Yellow.svg/20px-Mining_Yellow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mining_Yellow.svg/30px-Mining_Yellow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mining_Yellow.svg/40px-Mining_Yellow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="679" data-file-height="655" /></a></span> -2 <i><a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Latinitas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicipaedia:Latinitas">Latinitas</a> huius rei dubia est. Corrige si potes. Vide {{<a href="/wiki/Formula:Latinitas" title="Formula:Latinitas">latinitas</a>}}.</i></div> <table style="clear: both; border-left: 8px solid gray; background-color: #f3f3f3; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; width: 75%; margin: 1.5em auto; border-radius: 1em; box-shadow: 8px 8px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);"><tbody><tr><td style="padding: .7em .55em .7em 2em; box-sizing: content-box; text-align: center; width: 50px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Esculaap4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/50px-Esculaap4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/75px-Esculaap4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/100px-Esculaap4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td><td style="padding: .7em 1em .7em .55em;"> <p><b>Cave: notitiae huius paginae nec praescriptiones nec consilia medica sunt.</b> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Acquapendente_-_Operationes_chirurgicae,_1685_-_2984755.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Acquapendente_-_Operationes_chirurgicae%2C_1685_-_2984755.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Acquapendente_-_Operationes_chirurgicae%2C_1685_-_2984755.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Acquapendente_-_Operationes_chirurgicae%2C_1685_-_2984755.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Acquapendente_-_Operationes_chirurgicae%2C_1685_-_2984755.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Acquapendente_-_Operationes_chirurgicae%2C_1685_-_2984755.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Acquapendente_-_Operationes_chirurgicae%2C_1685_-_2984755.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3519" data-file-height="5105" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_Fabricius" class="mw-redirect" title="Hieronymus Fabricius">Hieronymi Fabricii</a> <i>Operationes chirurgicae</i> (1685).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Laparoscopic_stomach_surgery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Laparoscopic_stomach_surgery.jpg/220px-Laparoscopic_stomach_surgery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Laparoscopic_stomach_surgery.jpg/330px-Laparoscopic_stomach_surgery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Laparoscopic_stomach_surgery.jpg/440px-Laparoscopic_stomach_surgery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3506" data-file-height="2566" /></a><figcaption>Chirurgus <a href="/wiki/Stomachus" title="Stomachus">stomachum</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laparoscopia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laparoscopia (non est haec pagina)">laparoscopiam</a> sanat.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Chirurgia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Graece" class="mw-redirect" title="Graece">Graece</a> χειρουργία 'ars manu facta'<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) est ars <a href="/wiki/Morbus" title="Morbus">morborum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Vulnus" title="Vulnus">vulnerum</a> curandorum et sanandorum, ita ut <a href="/wiki/Chirurgus" title="Chirurgus">chirurgus</a> <a href="/wiki/Corpus" title="Corpus">corporis</a> membra sanaret, exempli gratia <a href="/wiki/Cancer_(morbus)" title="Cancer (morbus)">cancrum</a> secaret et e corpore removeret. Chirurgia enim est actus incisionis, ut auferatur vel resarciatur textum vel pars corporis, saepe in <a href="/wiki/Valetudinarium" title="Valetudinarium">valetudinario</a>. <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_18" title="Saeculum 18">Saeculo duodevicensimo</a>, cum crescente <a href="/wiki/Scientia" class="mw-disambig" title="Scientia">scientia</a> <a href="/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia">anatomiae</a>, eiusdem modi opera sicut <a href="/wiki/Amputatio" title="Amputatio">amputationes</a> extremitatium vel exsectiones expolibantur. <a href="/wiki/Anaesthesia" title="Anaesthesia">Anaesthesia</a> anno 1846 inventa exinde chirurgiam multum adiuvit. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subdivisiones_chirurgicae">Subdivisiones chirurgicae</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Recensere partem: Subdivisiones chirurgicae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Subdivisiones chirurgicae"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chirurgia_generalis" title="Chirurgia generalis">Chirurgia generalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forceps_(instrumentum_medicum)" title="Forceps (instrumentum medicum)">Forceps (instrumentum medicum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurochirurgia" title="Neurochirurgia">Neurochirurgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia_craniofacialis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chirurgia craniofacialis (non est haec pagina)">Chirurgia craniofacialis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia_dentalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chirurgia dentalis (non est haec pagina)">Chirurgia dentalis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia_colorectalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chirurgia colorectalis (non est haec pagina)">Chirurgia colorectalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirurgia_orthopaedica" class="mw-redirect" title="Chirurgia orthopaedica">Chirurgia orthopaedica</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chirurgi_noti">Chirurgi noti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Recensere partem: Chirurgi noti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Chirurgi noti"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Abernethy" title="Ioannes Abernethy">Ioannes Abernethy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Amosov" title="Nicolaus Amosov">Nicolaus Amosov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianus_Barnard" title="Christianus Barnard">Christianus Barnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenethus_Baugh" title="Kenethus Baugh">Kenethus Baugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raimundus_Emeterius_Betances" title="Raimundus Emeterius Betances">Raimundus Emeterius Betances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodorus_Billroth" title="Theodorus Billroth">Theodorus Billroth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazys_Bobelis" title="Kazys Bobelis">Kazys Bobelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgius_Brega" title="Georgius Brega">Georgius Brega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonius_Eiselsberg" title="Antonius Eiselsberg">Antonius Eiselsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimirus_Filatov" title="Vladimirus Filatov">Vladimirus Filatov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovicus_Fredericus_de_Froriep" title="Ludovicus Fredericus de Froriep">Ludovicus Fredericus de Froriep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iohannes_de_Muralto" title="Iohannes de Muralto">Iohannes de Muralto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodorus_Uglov" title="Theodorus Uglov">Theodorus Uglov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Vi%C5%A1nevskij" title="Alexander Višnevskij">Alexander Višnevskij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_Walcott" title="Hieronymus Walcott">Hieronymus Walcott</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notae">Notae</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Recensere partem: Notae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Notae"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Liddell and Scott's Greek-English Lexicon</i> s.v. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://logeion.uchicago.edu/index.html#χειρουργία">χειρουργία</a>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.britannica.com/search?query=Surgery">http://www.britannica.com/search?query=Surgery</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographia">Bibliographia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Recensere partem: Bibliographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliographia"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Liber: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=ZRdmAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA133-IA1&lpg=PA133-IA1&dq=acus+chirurgia+vulnus&source=bl&ots=dHg4d0DQSR&sig=x0EawAwNwLQPkuNolen4_ERJJZg&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9jJG3md3aAhWrIMAKHYIeBEIQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=acus%20chirurgia%20vulnus&f=false">Chirurgia Guidonis de Cauliaco</a>, anno 1537. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3389956">.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a,.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a:visited{color:gray}.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a.new{color:#ba0000}.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style><span class="existinglinksgray" style="font-size:0.95em; color:gray;"><b>(<a href="/wiki/Latine" class="mw-redirect" title="Latine">Latine</a>)</b></span></li> <li>De Gorter I (1742). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=IVthSMU7RDQC&pg=PA154&lpg=PA154&dq=acus+chirurgia+vulnus&source=bl&ots=EVaHS7stF-&sig=2lfkIiVyqjL8OwMbcY1V0z9Ds9c&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9jJG3md3aAhWrIMAKHYIeBEIQ6AEINTAC#v=onepage&q=acus%20chirurgia%20vulnus&f=false">Chirurgia repurgata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hardervicum" title="Hardervicum">Harderovici</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956"><span class="existinglinksgray" style="font-size:0.95em; color:gray;"><b>(<a href="/wiki/Latine" class="mw-redirect" title="Latine">Latine</a>)</b></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_interni">Nexus interni</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaesthesia" title="Anaesthesia">Anaesthesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthroscopia" title="Arthroscopia">Arthroscopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Chirurgia" title="Categoria:Chirurgia">Notiones chirurgiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutura_chirurgica" title="Sutura chirurgica">Sutura chirurgica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transplantatio_organorum" title="Transplantatio organorum">Transplantatio organorum</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_externi">Nexus externi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Recensere partem: Nexus externi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Nexus externi"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117065359/http://www.icsglobal.org/">International College of Surgeons</a> (Collegium internationale chirurgorum) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956"><span class="existinglinksgray" style="font-size:0.95em; color:gray;"><b>(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>)</b></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iss-sic.com/">International Society of Surgery - Société internationale de chirurgie</a> (Societas internationalis chirurgiae) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956"><span class="existinglinksgray" style="font-size:0.95em; color:gray;"><b>(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>)</b></span></li> <li>MedlinePlus, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/surgery.html">Descriptio et nexus de chirurgia</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956"><span class="existinglinksgray" style="font-size:0.95em; color:gray;"><b>(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>)</b></span></li></ul> <table style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid gray; width: auto; max-width: 75%; background-color: #f7f8ff; text-align: left; margin: 1em auto 1.5em auto; border-radius: 1em; box-shadow: 8px 8px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);"><tbody><tr><td style="padding: .75em .5em .75em 1em; box-sizing: content-box; background: transparent; width: 50px; text-align: center;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Gatunek_leczniczy_black_and_white.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="stipula"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Gatunek_leczniczy_black_and_white.svg/30px-Gatunek_leczniczy_black_and_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Gatunek_leczniczy_black_and_white.svg/45px-Gatunek_leczniczy_black_and_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Gatunek_leczniczy_black_and_white.svg/60px-Gatunek_leczniczy_black_and_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="30" data-file-height="30" /></a><figcaption>stipula</figcaption></figure></td><td style="padding: .75em 1em .75em .5em;"> <p><i>Haec <a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Stipulae" title="Vicipaedia:Stipulae">stipula</a> ad <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicinam</a> spectat. <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&action=edit">Amplifica</a></span>, si potes!</i> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Receptum de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&oldid=3743449">https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chirurgia&oldid=3743449</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specialis:Categoriae" title="Specialis:Categoriae">Categoriae</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Disciplinae_medicinae" title="Categoria:Disciplinae medicinae">Disciplinae medicinae</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Chirurgia" title="Categoria:Chirurgia">Chirurgia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoriae celatae: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Latinitas_-2_(dubium)" title="Categoria:Latinitas -2 (dubium)">Latinitas -2 (dubium)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:L_-2" title="Categoria:L -2">L -2</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginae_cum_sectione_nexuum_internorum" title="Categoria:Paginae cum sectione nexuum internorum">Paginae cum sectione nexuum internorum</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Stipulae_Medicinae" title="Categoria:Stipulae Medicinae">Stipulae Medicinae</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Myrias_Biologia" title="Categoria:Myrias Biologia">Myrias Biologia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Novissima mutatio die 15 Ianuarii 2023 hora 21:23 facta.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Nonobstantibus ceteris condicionibus hunc textum tractare licet secundum <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License"</a>. 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