CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Parliament of South Africa - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"b104b858-3cb1-4e8f-a805-3c8cb5e0db01","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Parliament_of_South_Africa","wgTitle":"Parliament of South Africa","wgCurRevisionId":1255253347,"wgRevisionId":1255253347,"wgArticleId":376182,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use South African English from June 2022","All Wikipedia articles written in South African English","Use dmy dates from April 2022","Articles containing Afrikaans-language text","Articles containing Southern Ndebele-language text","Articles containing Xhosa-language text", "Articles containing Zulu-language text","Articles containing Swazi-language text","Articles containing Northern Sotho-language text","Articles containing Sotho-language text","Articles containing Tswana-language text","Articles containing Tsonga-language text","Articles containing Venda-language text","Infobox legislature with background color","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Parliament of South Africa","Government of South Africa","Parliaments by country","Bicameral legislatures","National legislatures"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Parliament_of_South_Africa","wgRelevantArticleId":376182,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false, "wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":-33.9258,"lon":18.4197},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2185780","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false, "wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/1200px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1212"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/800px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="808"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/640px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="646"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Parliament of South Africa - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Parliament_of_South_Africa rootpage-Parliament_of_South_Africa skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Parliament+of+South+Africa" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Parliament+of+South+Africa" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Parliament+of+South+Africa" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Parliament+of+South+Africa" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_1910" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_1910"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Before 1910</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_1910-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1910–1961" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1910–1961"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1910–1961</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1910–1961-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1961–1984" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1961–1984"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1961–1984</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1961–1984-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1984–1994" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1984–1994"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1984–1994</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1984–1994-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_1994" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_1994"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Since 1994</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_1994-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2022_fire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_fire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>2022 fire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_fire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_political_parties_in_parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_political_parties_in_parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Major political parties in parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_political_parties_in_parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seat_of_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seat_of_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Seat of Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seat_of_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Parliaments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Parliaments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of Parliaments</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_Parliaments-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of Parliaments subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_Parliaments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parliaments_of_the_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliaments_of_the_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Parliaments of the Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliaments_of_the_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parliaments_of_the_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliaments_of_the_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Parliaments of the Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliaments_of_the_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democratic_Parliaments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_Parliaments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Democratic Parliaments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democratic_Parliaments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Parliament of South Africa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_van_Suid-Afrika" title="Parlement van Suid-Afrika – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Parlement van Suid-Afrika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="برلمان جنوب إفريقيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برلمان جنوب إفريقيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parllamentu_de_Sud%C3%A1frica" title="Parllamentu de Sudáfrica – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Parllamentu de Sudáfrica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_de_Sud%C3%A1frica" title="Parlamento de Sudáfrica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Parlamento de Sudáfrica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="پارلمان آفریقای جنوبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پارلمان آفریقای جنوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_d%27Afrique_du_Sud" title="Parlement d'Afrique du Sud – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parlement d'Afrique du Sud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlemen_Afrika_Selatan" title="Parlemen Afrika Selatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Parlemen Afrika Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhalamende_laseNingizimu_Afrika" title="IPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_del_Sudafrica" title="Parlamento del Sudafrica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Parlamento del Sudafrica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="הפרלמנט של דרום אפריקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הפרלמנט של דרום אפריקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_van_Zuid-Afrika" title="Parlement van Zuid-Afrika – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Parlement van Zuid-Afrika" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E8%AD%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="南アフリカ共和国の議会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="南アフリカ共和国の議会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Afrikas_parlament" title="Sør-Afrikas parlament – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sør-Afrikas parlament" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamente_de_Sud_Afrika" title="Parlamente de Sud Afrika – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Parlamente de Sud Afrika" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlament_Po%C5%82udniowej_Afryki" title="Parlament Południowej Afryki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Parlament Południowej Afryki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_da_%C3%81frica_do_Sul" title="Parlamento da África do Sul – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Parlamento da África do Sul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%AE%D0%90%D0%A0" title="Парламент ЮАР – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парламент ЮАР" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="Parliament of South Africa – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Parliament of South Africa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etel%C3%A4-Afrikan_parlamentti" title="Etelä-Afrikan parlamentti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etelä-Afrikan parlamentti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydafrikas_parlament" title="Sydafrikas parlament – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sydafrikas parlament" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="รัฐสภาแอฟริกาใต้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐสภาแอฟริกาใต้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Afrika_Parlamentosu" title="Güney Afrika Parlamentosu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güney Afrika Parlamentosu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Парламент Південно-Африканської Республіки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Парламент Південно-Африканської Республіки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngh%E1%BB%8B_vi%E1%BB%87n_Nam_Phi" title="Nghị viện Nam Phi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nghị viện Nam Phi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="南非议会 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="南非议会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2185780#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Parliament_of_South_Africa" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Parliament_of_South_Africa" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&oldid=1255253347" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Parliament_of_South_Africa&id=1255253347&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FParliament_of_South_Africa"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FParliament_of_South_Africa"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Parliament_of_South_Africa" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2185780" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Parliament_of_South_Africa&params=33.9258_S_18.4197_E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°55′33″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25′11″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.9258°S 18.4197°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.9258; 18.4197</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bicameral legislature of South Africa</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">Parliament of the<br /> Republic of South Africa <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:center;padding-left:2.5em;font-size:85%;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span style="font-size:85%;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>10 other official names:</i></span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Afrikaans-language text"><i lang="af"><span style="font-size:85%;">Parlement van Suid-Afrika</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Afrikaans_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikaans language">Afrikaans</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Southern Ndebele-language text"><i lang="nr"><span style="font-size:85%;">iPalamende yeSewula Afrika</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Southern_Ndebele_language" title="Southern Ndebele language">Southern Ndebele</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Xhosa-language text"><i lang="xh"><span style="font-size:85%;">iPalamente yoMzantsi Afrika</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Xhosa_language" title="Xhosa language">Xhosa</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Zulu-language text"><i lang="zu"><span style="font-size:85%;">iPhalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Zulu_language" title="Zulu language">Zulu</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Swazi-language text"><i lang="ss"><span style="font-size:85%;">iPhalamende yeNingizimu Afrika</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Swazi_language" title="Swazi language">Swazi</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Northern Sotho-language text"><i lang="nso"><span style="font-size:85%;">Palamente ya Afrika-Borwa</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sotho language">Northern Sotho</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Sotho-language text"><i lang="st"><span style="font-size:85%;">Palamente ya Afrika Borwa</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Sotho_language" title="Sotho language">Sotho</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Tswana-language text"><i lang="tn"><span style="font-size:85%;">Palamente ya Aforika Borwa</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Tswana</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Tsonga-language text"><i lang="ts"><span style="font-size:85%;">Palamende ra Afrika Dzonga</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Tsonga_language" title="Tsonga language">Tsonga</a>)</span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span title="Venda-language text"><i lang="ve"><span style="font-size:85%;">Phaḽamennde ya Afurika Tshipembe</span></i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:68%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Venda_language" title="Venda language">Venda</a>)</span> </li></ul> </div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/28th_South_African_Parliament" title="28th South African Parliament">28th Parliament</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms or logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/150px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/225px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg/300px-SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="202" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Coat of Arms of the Parliament of South Africa</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg/150px-Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg/225px-Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg/300px-Parliament_of_South_Africa_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="183" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Logo of Parliament</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">Bicameral</a></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Houses</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="National Assembly of South Africa">National Assembly</a><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">31 May 1910<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1910-05-31</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="Speaker of the National Assembly of South Africa">Speaker of the National Assembly</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Thoko_Didiza" title="Thoko Didiza">Thoko Didiza</a>, <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> <br />since 14 June 2024 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_National_Council_of_Provinces#Chairperson_and_Deputy_Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson of the National Council of Provinces">Chairperson of the National Council of Provinces</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Refilwe_Mtsweni-Tsipane" title="Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane">Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane</a>, <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> <br />since 15 June 2024 </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>490</b><br />90 National Council<br />400 National Assembly</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg/270px-South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg/405px-South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg/540px-South_Africa_NCOP_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">National Council of Provinces political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#33a02c; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#b2df8a; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> (24 + 19)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1f78b4; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#a6cee3; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">DA</a> (12 + 9)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#e31a1c; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#fb9a99; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">EFF</a> (8 + 2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#4CBB17; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B2F294; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/UMkhonto_weSizwe_(political_party)" title="UMkhonto weSizwe (political party)">MK</a> (5 + 4)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#EC8713; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Front_Plus" title="Freedom Front Plus">VF+</a> (2 + 0)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF0000; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF9999; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">IFP</a> (1 + 1)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#556B2F; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#BFD49C; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Alliance" title="Patriotic Alliance">PA</a> (1 + 1)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFDE01; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Movement" title="United Democratic Movement">UDM</a> (1 + 0)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ADEBAD; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/ActionSA" title="ActionSA">ActionSA</a> (0 + 1)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg/270px-South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg/405px-South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg/540px-South_Africa_%E2%80%94_National_Assembly_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="190" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">National Assembly political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><b> <a href="/wiki/Third_Cabinet_of_Cyril_Ramaphosa" title="Third Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa">Government</a> </b> (287) <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#006600; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">ANC</a> (159)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#005BA6; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">DA</a> (87)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF0000; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">IFP</a> (17)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#388F35; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Alliance" title="Patriotic Alliance">PA</a> (9)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF6600; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Front_Plus" title="Freedom Front Plus">VF+</a> (6)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFB300; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Movement" title="United Democratic Movement">UDM</a> (3)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0336D8; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Rise_Mzansi" title="Rise Mzansi">RISE</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1c9069; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Al_Jama-ah" title="Al Jama-ah">Al Jama-ah</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F36900; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Good_(political_party)" title="Good (political party)">Good</a> (<a href="/wiki/Patricia_de_Lille" title="Patricia de Lille">1</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#008718; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Pan_Africanist_Congress_of_Azania" title="Pan Africanist Congress of Azania">PAC</a> (1)</li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_opposition" title="Parliamentary opposition">Opposition</a> (113)</b> <b><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Caucus_(South_Africa)" title="Progressive Caucus (South Africa)">Progressive Caucus</a> (100)</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#56AA48; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/UMkhonto_weSizwe_(political_party)" title="UMkhonto weSizwe (political party)">MK</a> (58)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#852A2A; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">EFF</a> (39)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00ADEE; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/African_Transformation_Movement" title="African Transformation Movement">ATM</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#363362; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/United_Africans_Transformation" title="United Africans Transformation">UAT</a> (1)</li></ul> <p><b> Other Parties </b> (13) </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#05B615; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/ActionSA" title="ActionSA">ActionSA</a> (6)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ba0c2f; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/African_Christian_Democratic_Party" title="African Christian Democratic Party">ACDP</a> (3)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E7B04A; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Build_One_South_Africa" title="Build One South Africa">BOSA</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#161616; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/National_Coloured_Congress" title="National Coloured Congress">NCC</a> (2)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Houses_of_Parliament_(Cape_Town).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg/220px-Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg/330px-Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg/440px-Houses_of_Parliament_%28Cape_Town%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2274" data-file-height="1893" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label"><a href="/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament, Cape Town</a><br /> Western Cape, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid Green; border-bottom: 2px solid Green">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.gov.za/">www<wbr />.parliament<wbr />.gov<wbr />.za</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Parliament of South Africa</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Zulu</th><td class="infobox-data">iPhalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Xhosa</th><td class="infobox-data">iPalamente yoMzantsi Afrika</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Afrikaans</th><td class="infobox-data">Parlement van Suid-Afrika</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sepedi</th><td class="infobox-data">Palamente ya Afrika-Borwa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Swazi</th><td class="infobox-data">iPhalamende yeNingizimu Afrika</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sesotho</th><td class="infobox-data">Palamente ya Afrika Borwa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Setswana</th><td class="infobox-data">Palamente ya Aforika Borwa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Xitsonga</th><td class="infobox-data">Palamende ra Afrika Dzonga</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venda</th><td class="infobox-data">Phaḽamennde ya Afurika Tshipembe</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Southern Ndebele</th><td class="infobox-data">iPalamende yeSewula Afrika</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="width:19.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:var(--color-emphasized, black);">This article is part of a series on the</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#007A4D; border: 1px double #8C959A; border-bottom: 10px solid #FFB612;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_South_Africa" title="Politics of South Africa"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;"><small>Politics of</small><br />South Africa</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa_(heraldic).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa_%28heraldic%29.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa_%28heraldic%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa_%28heraldic%29.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa_%28heraldic%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa_%28heraldic%29.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa_%28heraldic%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1117" data-file-height="1432" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Africa" title="Constitution of South Africa">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_Two_of_the_Constitution_of_South_Africa" title="Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa">Bill of Rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Africa" title="Government of South Africa">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Africa" title="President of South Africa">President</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Ramaphosa" title="Cyril Ramaphosa">Cyril Ramaphosa</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_President_of_South_Africa" title="Deputy President of South Africa">Deputy President</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mashatile" title="Paul Mashatile">Paul Mashatile</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_South_Africa" title="Cabinet of South Africa">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_the_Government_of_South_Africa" title="Departments of the Government of South Africa">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_Shadow_Cabinet_(South_Africa)" title="Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (South Africa)">Shadow Cabinet</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces#Chairpersons" title="National Council of Provinces">Chairperson</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Refilwe_Mtsweni-Tsipane" title="Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane">Refilwe Mtsweni-Tsipane</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="National Assembly of South Africa">National Assembly</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="Speaker of the National Assembly of South Africa">Speaker</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Thoko_Didiza" title="Thoko Didiza">Thoko Didiza</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(South_Africa)" title="Leader of the Opposition (South Africa)">Leader of the Opposition</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/John_Hlophe" title="John Hlophe">John Hlophe</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_South_Africa" title="Judiciary of South Africa">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_South_Africa" title="Chief Justice of South Africa">Chief Justice</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ray_Zondo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ray Zondo">Ray Zondo</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chief_Justice_of_South_Africa" title="Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa">Deputy Chief Justice</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Mandisa_Maya" title="Mandisa Maya">Mandisa Maya</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_South_Africa" title="Courts of South Africa">Courts</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_South_Africa" title="Constitutional Court of South Africa">Constitutional Court</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Appeal_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court of Appeal of South Africa">Supreme Court of Appeal</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/Mahube_Molemela" title="Mahube Molemela">Mahube Molemela</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_South_Africa" title="High Court of South Africa">High Court</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Magistrate%27s_court_(South_Africa)" title="Magistrate's court (South Africa)">Magistrate's courts</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Court_of_South_Africa" title="Electoral Court of South Africa">Electoral Court</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Africa" title="Elections in South Africa">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li>General <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/1910_South_African_general_election" title="1910 South African general election">1910</a> <a href="/wiki/1915_South_African_general_election" title="1915 South African general election">1915</a> <a href="/wiki/1920_South_African_general_election" title="1920 South African general election">1920</a> <a href="/wiki/1921_South_African_general_election" title="1921 South African general election">1921</a> <a href="/wiki/1924_South_African_general_election" title="1924 South African general election">1924</a> <a href="/wiki/1929_South_African_general_election" title="1929 South African general election">1929</a> <a href="/wiki/1933_South_African_general_election" title="1933 South African general election">1933</a> <a href="/wiki/1938_South_African_general_election" title="1938 South African general election">1938</a> <a href="/wiki/1943_South_African_general_election" title="1943 South African general election">1943</a> <a href="/wiki/1948_South_African_general_election" title="1948 South African general election">1948</a> <a href="/wiki/1953_South_African_general_election" title="1953 South African general election">1953</a> <a href="/wiki/1958_South_African_general_election" title="1958 South African general election">1958</a> <a href="/wiki/1961_South_African_general_election" title="1961 South African general election">1961</a> <a href="/wiki/1966_South_African_general_election" title="1966 South African general election">1966</a> <a href="/wiki/1970_South_African_general_election" title="1970 South African general election">1970</a> <a href="/wiki/1974_South_African_general_election" title="1974 South African general election">1974</a> <a href="/wiki/1977_South_African_general_election" title="1977 South African general election">1977</a> <a href="/wiki/1981_South_African_general_election" title="1981 South African general election">1981</a> <a href="/wiki/1984_South_African_general_election" title="1984 South African general election">1984</a> <a href="/wiki/1987_South_African_general_election" title="1987 South African general election">1987</a> <a href="/wiki/1989_South_African_general_election" title="1989 South African general election">1989</a> <a href="/wiki/1994_South_African_general_election" title="1994 South African general election">1994</a> <a href="/wiki/1999_South_African_general_election" title="1999 South African general election">1999</a> <a href="/wiki/2004_South_African_general_election" title="2004 South African general election">2004</a> <a href="/wiki/2009_South_African_general_election" title="2009 South African general election">2009</a> <a href="/wiki/2014_South_African_general_election" title="2014 South African general election">2014</a> <a href="/wiki/2019_South_African_general_election" title="2019 South African general election">2019</a> <a href="/wiki/2024_South_African_general_election" title="2024 South African general election">2024</a></span></div></dd></dl></li> <li>Municipal <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/2000_South_African_municipal_elections" title="2000 South African municipal elections">2000</a> <a href="/wiki/2006_South_African_municipal_elections" title="2006 South African municipal elections">2006</a> <a href="/wiki/2011_South_African_municipal_elections" title="2011 South African municipal elections">2011</a> <a href="/wiki/2016_South_African_municipal_elections" title="2016 South African municipal elections">2016</a> <a href="/wiki/2021_South_African_municipal_elections" title="2021 South African municipal elections">2021</a></span></div></dd></dl></li> <li>Referendums <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/1960_South_African_republic_referendum" title="1960 South African republic referendum">1960</a> <a href="/wiki/1983_South_African_constitutional_reform_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="1983 South African constitutional reform referendum">1983</a> <a href="/wiki/1992_South_African_apartheid_referendum" title="1992 South African apartheid referendum">1992</a></span></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_South_Africa" title="List of political parties in South Africa">Political parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_South_Africa" title="Administrative divisions of South Africa">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_South_Africa" title="Provinces of South Africa">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_South_Africa" title="Districts of South Africa">Districts</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_municipality_(South_Africa)" title="Metropolitan municipality (South Africa)">Metropolitan municipality</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/District_municipality_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="District municipality (South Africa)">District municipality</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_South_Africa" title="Municipalities of South Africa">Municipalities</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_South_African_municipalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of South African municipalities">list</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Africa" title="Foreign relations of South Africa">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_International_Relations_and_Cooperation" title="Department of International Relations and Cooperation">Department of International Relations and Cooperation</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_International_Relations_and_Cooperation" title="Minister of International Relations and Cooperation">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Naledi_Pandor" title="Naledi Pandor">Naledi Pandor</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_South_Africa" title="List of diplomatic missions of South Africa">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_South_Africa" title="List of diplomatic missions in South Africa">in South Africa</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_nationality_law" title="South African nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_passport" title="South African passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_South_African_citizens" title="Visa requirements for South African citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_South_Africa" title="Visa policy of South Africa">Visa policy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_South_Africa" title="Human rights in South Africa">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_debt_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="National debt of South Africa">National debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_assassinations_in_post-apartheid_South_Africa" title="Political assassinations in post-apartheid South Africa">Political assassinations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_in_South_Africa" title="Protests in South Africa">Protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_repression_in_post-apartheid_South_Africa" title="Political repression in post-apartheid South Africa">Repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_welfare_programmes_in_South_Africa" title="Social welfare programmes in South Africa">Social Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_South_Africa" title="Taxation in South Africa">Taxation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Provincial politics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Eastern_Cape" title="Politics of the Eastern Cape">Politics of the Eastern Cape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Free_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Free State">Politics of the Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Gauteng">Politics of Gauteng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_KwaZulu-Natal" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of KwaZulu-Natal">Politics of KwaZulu-Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Limpopo" title="Politics of Limpopo">Politics of Limpopo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Mpumalanga" title="Politics of Mpumalanga">Politics of Mpumalanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Northern_Cape" title="Politics of the Northern Cape">Politics of the Northern Cape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_North_West_(South_African_province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of North West (South African province)">Politics of North West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Western_Cape" title="Politics of the Western Cape">Politics of the Western Cape</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/32px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/48px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/64px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:South_Africa" title="Portal:South Africa">South Africa portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_South_Africa" title="Template:Politics of South Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_South_Africa" title="Template talk:Politics of South Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_South_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of South Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Parliament of the Republic of South Africa</b> is <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a>. It is located in <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, the country's legislative <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a>. </p><p>Under the present <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Africa" title="Constitution of South Africa">Constitution of South Africa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> Parliament comprises a <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (South Africa)">National Assembly</a> and a <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current <a href="/wiki/28th_South_African_Parliament" title="28th South African Parliament">twenty-eighth Parliament</a> was first convened on 14 June 2024. </p><p>From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African <a href="/wiki/Whites_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Whites in South Africa">white minority</a>. The first elections with universal suffrage were held in <a href="/wiki/South_African_general_election,_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="South African general election, 1994">1994</a>. </p><p>Both chambers held their meetings in the <a href="/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament, Cape Town</a> that were built 1875–1884. A <a href="/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">fire</a> broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Before_1910">Before 1910</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Before 1910"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope">Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope</a></div> <p>The predecessor of the Parliament of South Africa, before the 1910 <a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">Union of South Africa</a>, was the bicameral <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope">Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope</a>. This was composed of the House of Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council (the upper house). It dated back to the beginnings of Cape independence in 1853 and was elected according to the multi-racial <a href="/wiki/Cape_Qualified_Franchise" title="Cape Qualified Franchise">Cape Qualified Franchise</a> system, whereby suffrage qualifications were applied equally to all males, regardless of race. </p><p>The buildings of the Cape Parliament went on to house the Parliament of South Africa, after union.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1910–1961"><span id="1910.E2.80.931961"></span>1910–1961</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1910–1961"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="1910"></span><span class="anchor" id="1930"></span><span class="anchor" id="1932"></span> When the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">Union of South Africa</a> was established in 1910,<sup id="cite_ref-saa_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saa-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Parliament was <a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">bicameral</a> and consisted of <a href="/wiki/British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarch">the King</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_South_Africa" title="Senate of South Africa">Senate</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Assembly of South Africa">House of Assembly</a> (known in <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> as the <i>Volksraad</i>). </p> <ul><li>The King (from 1952, the <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of South Africa">Queen of South Africa</a>) was represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_South_Africa" title="Governor-General of South Africa">Governor-General</a>.</li> <li>The Senate consisted of senators nominated by the four provinces, and by the Governor-General, initially for a period of ten years. The number of senators was changed from time to time. The Senate was chaired by a <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate" title="President of the Senate">President of the Senate</a> chosen by the senators from among themselves.</li> <li>The House of Assembly consisted of members who were directly elected by the voters. Each MP represented an electoral district (constituency), and most of them were elected on the basis of their political party. The number of constituencies and parliamentary seats was increased from time to time, in line with increases in the population. The House was chaired by a Speaker chosen by the MPs from among themselves.</li> <li>Only white men could be senators or MPs.</li> <li>The franchise (right to vote) was originally granted to white men in all four provinces, to black men in the Cape Province and Natal, and to Coloured men in the Cape Province – in all cases, the minimum age was 21 years.</li></ul> <p>The composition of Parliament was changed by constitutional amendments from time to time: </p> <ul><li>From 1930, white women had the vote, and the right to serve as senators and MPs, on the same basis as white men.</li> <li>In 1934, Parliament was declared "the sovereign legislative power in and over the Union".<sup id="cite_ref-sua_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sua-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>From 1937, black voters were separated from the other races – in the Senate they were represented by four elected senators (two for the Cape, one for Natal, one for the Orange Free State and Transvaal), and in the House of Assembly by three "native representative" MPs elected in separate black constituencies.<sup id="cite_ref-rna_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rna-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>From 1950, white voters in <a href="/wiki/South_West_Africa" title="South West Africa">South West Africa</a>, which was under South African administration at that time, were represented by four senators and six MPs.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>From 1957, Coloured voters were separated from the whites – in the Senate, they were represented by separate senators, and in the House of Assembly by MPs elected in separate Coloured constituencies.<sup id="cite_ref-srva_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-srva-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To pass this amendment in the face of strong opposition (and two Supreme Court rulings), prime minister <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Strijdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Johannes Strijdom">Johannes Strijdom</a> had to enlarge the Senate and appoint enough pro-government senators to get the two-thirds majority he needed to force through the constitutional change.<sup id="cite_ref-sa_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sa-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Representation of black voters was ended in 1960.</li> <li>Voting age was lowered from 21 to 18 in 1960.</li></ul> <p>In a <a href="/wiki/1960_South_African_republic_referendum" title="1960 South African republic referendum">referendum</a> held in 1960, a small majority of white voters approved the conversion of the country from a constitutional monarchy to a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">parliamentary republic</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1961–1984"><span id="1961.E2.80.931984"></span>1961–1984</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1961–1984"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="1961"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa_1932-2000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa_1932-2000.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="225" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="190" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of the Parliament of South Africa 1964–2007<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The Republic of South Africa was established in 1961. The only change made to the composition of the Parliament was the substitution of the <a href="/wiki/State_President_of_South_Africa" title="State President of South Africa">State President</a> for the Queen.<sup id="cite_ref-rsaca_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsaca-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few significant changes were made later: </p> <ul><li>Coloured representation was ended in 1968, leaving both the Senate and the House of Assembly representing white voters only.</li> <li>South West Africa ceased to be represented in Parliament from 1977, following the passing of the South West Africa Constitution Amendment Act of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Senate was abolished with effect from 1 January 1981, changing Parliament to a <a href="/wiki/Unicameral_legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral legislature">unicameral legislature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1984–1994"><span id="1984.E2.80.931994"></span>1984–1994</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1984–1994"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="1984"></span> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tricameral_Parliament" title="Tricameral Parliament">Tricameral Parliament</a></div> <p>A new Constitution, introduced in 1984, re-enfranchised the Coloured population (women as well as men) and enfranchised the Indian population. It retained the existing House of Assembly for whites and established a House of Representatives to represent the Coloureds, and a House of Delegates for the Indians, making Parliament a tricameral legislature. Blacks continued to be excluded. </p> <ul><li>Each house consisted of members elected to represent constituencies, plus a few additional members elected by the MPs, and some nominated by the State President.</li> <li>Each house legislated on "own affairs" exclusive to its own race group, and they legislated jointly on "general affairs" affecting all races.<sup id="cite_ref-rsac_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsac-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In practice, the House of Assembly, which had more MPs than the other two houses combined, continued to dominate the legislature.</li> <li>Each house was chaired by a chairman elected by its members from among themselves. They were coordinated by a Speaker of Parliament, elected by the members of all three houses in a joint sitting.</li> <li>The existing House of Assembly, elected in 1981, was deemed to have been re-elected in 1984, to coordinate its term of office with those of the two new houses. However, this was later overturned by the Supreme Court, and a separate election had to be held for the House of Assembly in 1987. The House elected in 1987 was then dissolved with the other houses in 1989.</li></ul> <p>The black majority were still disfranchised, and the new system lacked legitimacy even among the Coloureds and Asians, many of whom boycotted elections. In a <a href="/wiki/South_African_apartheid_referendum,_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="South African apartheid referendum, 1992">referendum held in 1992</a>, 68.73% of (only white) voters approved the reform process that effectively ended Apartheid. In late 1993, one of the last pieces of legislation passed by the tricameral Parliament was the <a href="/wiki/Interim_Constitution_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Interim Constitution of South Africa">Interim Constitution</a>, which took effect on 27 April 1994, the same day as the first non-racial elections. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_1994">Since 1994</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Since 1994"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A new interim constitution, introduced in 1994 after four years of negotiation, finally introduced all-race democracy and enfranchised men and women of all races on equal terms, the minimum age remaining 18 years. Parliament was reconstituted to consist of a <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_South_Africa" title="Senate of South Africa">Senate</a> and a <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (South Africa)">National Assembly</a>. </p> <ul><li>The Senate consisted of 90 senators, ten nominated by each of the nine provinces. It was chaired by a President of the Senate elected by the senators from among themselves.</li> <li>The National Assembly consists of 400 members, elected by voters on a proportional representation/party list system. There are no electoral districts, and each party is allocated a number of seats proportionate to the percentage of the votes it receives across the country. It is chaired by a Speaker elected by the MPs from among themselves.</li> <li>In 1997, the current <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Africa" title="Constitution of South Africa">Constitution of South Africa</a> came into force, in which the Senate was replaced by a 90-member <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a> (NCOP), made up of a 10-member delegation from each province (six delegates elected by the <a href="/wiki/Provincial_legislature_(South_Africa)" title="Provincial legislature (South Africa)">provincial legislature</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Premier_(South_Africa)" title="Premier (South Africa)">Premier</a> and three other members of the provincial legislature). The NCOP is chaired by a Chairperson elected by the members from among themselves.</li></ul> <p>The parliamentary system uses proportional representation, with voters voting for political parties rather than for candidates.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proportional representation allows for smaller parties to have a chance of acquiring seats in parliament, although these parties often combine in order to have a stronger voice within the political system, especially against the ANC. The Independent Electoral Commission is charged with keeping elections fair, regular, and equal. Parties submit closed lists of candidates to the IEC, and the IEC fills the seats allotted to individual parties using the candidate lists after election results come in. The electoral system has seen little corruption since 1994. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_International_Relations_and_Cooperation" title="Minister of International Relations and Cooperation">International Relations Minister and Cooperation</a> <a href="/wiki/Naledi_Pandor" title="Naledi Pandor">Naledi Pandor</a> has noted that during her term (starting 1994) a decline in political respectability had occurred in parliament, due to its members not engaging with one another in a courteous manner. She remarked that she felt undignified to be an observer of the crude behaviour, which also inhibited the conduct of successful politics.<sup id="cite_ref-cdup_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cdup-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2022_fire">2022 fire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2022 fire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">2022 Parliament of South Africa fire</a></div> <p>On 2 January 2022, large parts of the Old Assembly Building and National Assembly building were damaged in <a href="/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">a fire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A man was arrested and subsequently charged with arson.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_political_parties_in_parliament">Major political parties in parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Major political parties in parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a>: The ANC was founded in 1912, but were banned by State President <a href="/wiki/Charles_Robberts_Swart" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Robberts Swart">Charles Robberts Swart</a> in 1960, remaining so until the ban was lifted thirty years later by President <a href="/wiki/F._W._De_Klerk" class="mw-redirect" title="F. W. De Klerk">F. W. De Klerk</a>. The ANC became the leading political party in South Africa after the first multi-racial election in 1994. The party's main platform rests on working towards racial equality and eradicating the socio-economic classes which are often based on race. The ANC has been considered a party for native South Africans, especially before 2009 when party leader <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Zuma" title="Jacob Zuma">Jacob Zuma</a> faced multiple accusations regarding corruption, particularly using public funds for his own purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The economic difficulties in South Africa, as well as police brutality have both been blamed on the ANC. Currently, the ANC holds 230 seats in parliament. Support for the ANC went down between the 2014 and the 2019 general elections, with violent protests erupting all over the country in response to the allegations of corruption within the ANC and the non-delivery of municipal services.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">Democratic Alliance</a>: The DA was formed when the New National Party, the successor to the apartheid-era National Party, merged with the Democratic Party and the Federal Alliance in 2000 to form an alliance. The DA is an opposition party and has been traditionally supported by South Africa's minority communities (White, Coloured and Indian). In more recent years, the party has attempted to win votes from Black South Africans and as a result, Black support for the DA has risen over the past several years, going from 1% to 6%.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DA is a liberal party that favours free-market policies. The DA was allotted 89 seats in parliament after the 2014 general election, but the party's seat total decreased to 84 seats following the 2019 general election.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">Economic Freedom Fighters</a>: The EFF emerged eight months before the 2014 general election and won 25 seats in parliament. After the 2019 general elections, the EFF increased their seats in parliament to 44, the only party of the top three parties that achieved an increase of members in parliament. The EFF is a far-left revolutionary socialist political party, advocating for land expropriation and for an end to corruption within parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">Inkatha Freedom Party</a>: The IFP, which was formed in 1990 was the successor to the former government in the now-defunct Kwazulu Bantustan, traditionally draws its support from the Zulu people. It has however made inroads into the minority electorate of Whites and Indians. The IFP was the third-largest party until it was unseated by the EFF and is one of the few parties to have consecutive representation in parliament since democracy in 1994. The IFP apart from the ANC was part of the National Government for 10 years. The IFP champions the rights of traditional leaders and advocates for policies which favour free markets. The party is opposed to socialism and communist policies.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Because the ANC had such a large majority in parliament, smaller parties are constantly forming alliances and coalitions in order to act as a stronger opposition to the ANC-run legislative and executive branches. </p><p>However, in the 2024 South African general <a href="/wiki/2024_South_African_general_election" title="2024 South African general election">election</a>, support for the ruling <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> (ANC) significantly declined; the ANC remained the largest party but lost the parliamentary majority that it had held since the <a href="/wiki/1994_South_African_general_election" title="1994 South African general election">inaugural post-apartheid election in 1994</a>. The centrist <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">Democratic Alliance</a> (DA) remained in second place with a slight increase. <a href="/wiki/UMkhonto_we_Sizwe_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="UMkhonto we Sizwe (political party)">uMkhonto we Sizwe</a> (MK), a <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-wing populist">left-wing populist</a> party founded 6 months prior to the election and led by former president <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Zuma" title="Jacob Zuma">Jacob Zuma</a>, came in third place.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the ANC's loss of support flowed into the MK, while the DA saw some gains, and the EFF lost some support.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seat_of_Parliament">Seat of Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Seat of Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg/220px-National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg/330px-National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg/440px-National_Assembly_of_South_Africa_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="1168" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Debate_chamber" title="Debate chamber">chamber</a> of the National Assembly prior to the January 2022 <a href="/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">fire</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Parliament sits at the <a href="/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, even though the seat of government is in <a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a>. This dates back to the foundation of the Union, when there was disagreement among the four provinces as to which city would be the national capital. As a compromise, Cape Town was designated the <i>legislative</i> capital, <a href="/wiki/Bloemfontein" title="Bloemfontein">Bloemfontein</a> the <i>judicial</i> capital, and Pretoria the <i>administrative</i> capital. The <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> (ANC) government has proposed moving Parliament to Pretoria, arguing that the present arrangement is cumbersome as ministers, civil servants and diplomats must move back and forth when Parliament is in session. </p><p>However, many Capetonians have spoken out against such a move, accusing the ANC of trying to centralise power. Under the Constitution, there is provision for Parliament to sit elsewhere than Cape Town on grounds of public interest, security or convenience and Parliament is permitted to provide in its rules and orders for sittings outside Cape Town. Rule 24 of the National Assembly Rules accordingly allows the Speaker to direct that the House will sit at 'a place other than the Houses of Parliament in Cape Town' after consulting the Leader of the House and the Chief Whip of each party represented in the House. Rule 23 of the rules of the National Council of Provinces allows the council to pass a resolution providing for it to sit elsewhere. </p><p>In 2018, the Government of South Africa formed a project steering committee to conduct a feasibility study into moving parliament to Pretoria and to identify potential sites for a new parliament building.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2019, the Minister of Public Works announced that a list of potential sites had been drawn up.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, it was suggested that moving parliament to Pretoria would save R650 million per year.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2022, a <a href="/wiki/2022_Parliament_of_South_Africa_fire" title="2022 Parliament of South Africa fire">fire</a> broke out at the Houses of Pariament building in Cape Town causing severe damage to the session rooms of both the National Council of Provinces and the National Assembly. The 2022 State of the Nation Address was held at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_City_Hall" title="Cape Town City Hall">Cape Town City Hall</a> and subsequent meetings of the National Assembly will be held at Good Hope Chamber. The temporary debating chamber has previously been used for committee meetings of the National Assembly and has a seating capacity of 170, reduced to 70 during COVID-19 precautions.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Assembly has 400 members. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Parliaments">List of Parliaments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: List of Parliaments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parliaments_of_the_Union">Parliaments of the Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Parliaments of the Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st South African Parliament (page does not exist)">1st South African Parliament</a> (1910–1915) – majority party: <a href="/wiki/South_African_Party" title="South African Party">South African Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd South African Parliament (page does not exist)">2nd South African Parliament</a> (1915–1920) – majority party: South African Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd South African Parliament (page does not exist)">3rd South African Parliament</a> (1920–1921) – majority party: South African Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">4th South African Parliament</a> (1921–1924) – majority party: South African Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">5th South African Parliament</a> (1924–1929) – majority party: <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(South_Africa)" title="National Party (South Africa)">National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">6th South African Parliament</a> (1929–1933) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">7th South African Parliament</a> (1933–1938) – majority party: <a href="/wiki/United_Party_(South_Africa)" title="United Party (South Africa)">United Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">8th South African Parliament</a> (1938–1943) – majority party: United Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">9th South African Parliament</a> (1943–1948) – majority party: United Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">10th South African Parliament</a> (1948–1953) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">11th South African Parliament</a> (1953–1958) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">12th South African Parliament</a> (1958–1961) – majority party: National Party</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parliaments_of_the_Republic">Parliaments of the Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Parliaments of the Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">13th South African Parliament</a> (1961–1966) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">14th South African Parliament</a> (1966–1970) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=15th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">15th South African Parliament</a> (1970–1974) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=16th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="16th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">16th South African Parliament</a> (1974–1977) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=17th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="17th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">17th South African Parliament</a> (1977–1981) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_South_African_Parliament" title="18th South African Parliament">18th South African Parliament</a> (1981–1984) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=19th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="19th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">19th South African Parliament</a> (1984–1987) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=20th_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="20th South African Parliament (page does not exist)">20th South African Parliament</a> (1987–1989) – majority party: National Party</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=21st_South_African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="21st South African Parliament (page does not exist)">21st South African Parliament</a> (1989–1994) – majority party: National Party</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democratic_Parliaments">Democratic Parliaments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Democratic Parliaments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/22nd_South_African_Parliament" title="22nd South African Parliament">22nd South African Parliament</a> (1994–1999) – majority party: <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23rd_South_African_Parliament" title="23rd South African Parliament">23rd South African Parliament</a> (1999–2004) – majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_South_African_Parliament" title="24th South African Parliament">24th South African Parliament</a> (2004–2009) – majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_South_African_Parliament" title="25th South African Parliament">25th South African Parliament</a> (2009–2014) – majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_South_African_Parliament" title="26th South African Parliament">26th South African Parliament</a> (2014–2019) - majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_South_African_Parliament" title="27th South African Parliament">27th South African Parliament</a> (2019–2024) - majority party: African National Congress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_South_African_Parliament" title="28th South African Parliament">28th South African Parliament</a> (2024–present) - no majority; plurality: African National Congress</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="List of acts of the Parliament of South Africa">List of acts of the Parliament of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_South_Africa" title="Politics of South Africa">Politics of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legislatures_by_country" title="List of legislatures by country">List of legislatures by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_committees_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="List of committees of the Parliament of South Africa">List of committees of the Parliament of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_legislature_(South_Africa)" title="Provincial legislature (South Africa)">Provincial legislatures of South Africa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/1996/constitution.pdf"><i>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996</i>, s. 42</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140413142244/http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/1996/constitution.pdf">Archived</a> 13 April 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOdeyemiAbioro2018" class="citation cs2">Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), "Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa", <i>Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development</i>, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-93509-6_12">10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319935089" title="Special:BookSources/9783319935089"><bdi>9783319935089</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158523324">158523324</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+African+Economic%2C+Social+and+Political+Development&rft.atitle=Digital+Technologies%2C+Online+Engagement+and+Parliament-Citizen+Relations+in+Nigeria+and+South+Africa&rft.pages=217-232&rft.date=2018-08-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A158523324%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-93509-6_12&rft.isbn=9783319935089&rft.aulast=Odeyemi&rft.aufirst=Temitayo+Isaac&rft.au=Abioro%2C+Tunde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOdeyemiOlorunsholaAjibola2023" class="citation journal cs1">Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147">"Turning public engagement into standard practice : institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament"</a>. <i>The Journal of Legislative Studies</i>. <b>29</b> (3): 406–424. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147">10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1357-2334">1357-2334</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:258076520">258076520</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Legislative+Studies&rft.atitle=Turning+public+engagement+into+standard+practice+%3A+institutionalisation+in+the+work+of+the+South+African+Parliament&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=406-424&rft.date=2023-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A258076520%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1357-2334&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147&rft.aulast=Odeyemi&rft.aufirst=Temitayo+Isaac&rft.au=Olorunshola%2C+Damilola+Temitope&rft.au=Ajibola%2C+Boluwatife+Solomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/breaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber/">"LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue [PICS]"</a>. <i>The South African</i>. 14 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+South+African&rft.atitle=LOOK%3A+Check+out+the+National+Assembly%27s+%27new%27+venue+%5BPICS%5D&rft.date=2022-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesouthafrican.com%2Fnews%2Fbreaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oldcapehousebein00kilpiala"><i>The old Cape House, being pages from the history of a legislative assembly</i></a>, Ralph Kilpin, T.M Miller, Cape Town, 1918</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/11/03/die-parlementsgebou/">The Houses of Parliament, Cape Town</a>, Andrew Cusack, 3 November 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-saa-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-saa_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">South Africa Act 1909</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sua-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sua_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Status of the Union Act 1934</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rna-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rna_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Representation of Natives Act 1936</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EtnMDQAAQBAJ&dq=%22South+West+Africa%22+%22House+of+Assembly%22+%221977%22&pg=PA1089"><i>The Statesman's Year-Book 1985-86</i></a>, J. Paxton Springer, page 1089</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-srva-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-srva_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Separate Representation of Voters Act 1956</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sa-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sa_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Senate Act 1955</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hubert-herald.nl/RSA.htm">Republic of South Africa</a>", Hubert de Vries.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rsaca-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rsaca_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1961</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J8RFAQAAIAAJ&q=%22In+1977%2C+direct+representation+of+SWA%22++"><i>South Africa 1978: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa</i></a>, Volume 5, State Department of Information, 1978, page 141</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L027DQAAQBAJ&dq=Senate+was+abolished+in+1981%2C+South+Africa&pg=PA1069"><i>The Statesman's Year-Book 1984-85</i></a>, J. Paxton, Springer, page 1069</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rsac-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rsac_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1983</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOdeyemiOlorunsholaAjibola2023" class="citation journal cs1">Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147">"Turning public engagement into standard practice : institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament"</a>. <i>The Journal of Legislative Studies</i>. <b>29</b> (3): 406–424. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147">10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1357-2334">1357-2334</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:258076520">258076520</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Legislative+Studies&rft.atitle=Turning+public+engagement+into+standard+practice+%3A+institutionalisation+in+the+work+of+the+South+African+Parliament&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=406-424&rft.date=2023-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A258076520%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1357-2334&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13572334.2023.2195147&rft.aulast=Odeyemi&rft.aufirst=Temitayo+Isaac&rft.au=Olorunshola%2C+Damilola+Temitope&rft.au=Ajibola%2C+Boluwatife+Solomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F13572334.2023.2195147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cdup-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cdup_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdu_Plessis2018" class="citation news cs1">du Plessis, Carien (10 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/politics/naledi-pandor-‘work-has-to-go-on-the-nation-has-to-continue-to-exist’/ar-BBQMl3g?ocid=spartanntp">"Naledi Pandor: 'Work has to go on, the nation has to continue to exist'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Daily Maverick</i>. South Africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Maverick&rft.atitle=Naledi+Pandor%3A+%27Work+has+to+go+on%2C+the+nation+has+to+continue+to+exist%27&rft.date=2018-12-10&rft.aulast=du+Plessis&rft.aufirst=Carien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-za%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fnaledi-pandor-%E2%80%98work-has-to-go-on-the-nation-has-to-continue-to-exist%E2%80%99%2Far-BBQMl3g%3Focid%3Dspartanntp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerten2022" class="citation web cs1">Merten, Marianne (2 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-01-02-major-fire-wracks-parliament-building-raising-questions-about-why-no-protection-services-staff-were-on-duty/">"OUR BURNING ASSEMBLY: Major fire wracks parliament building, raising questions about why no protection services staff were on duty"</a>. <i>Daily Maverick</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Maverick&rft.atitle=OUR+BURNING+ASSEMBLY%3A+Major+fire+wracks+parliament+building%2C+raising+questions+about+why+no+protection+services+staff+were+on+duty&rft.date=2022-01-02&rft.aulast=Merten&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymaverick.co.za%2Farticle%2F2022-01-02-major-fire-wracks-parliament-building-raising-questions-about-why-no-protection-services-staff-were-on-duty%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles2022" class="citation news cs1">Charles, Marvin (2 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/man-51-arrested-in-connection-with-parliament-fire-20220102">"Man, 49, arrested in connection with Parliament fire"</a>. <i>News24</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News24&rft.atitle=Man%2C+49%2C+arrested+in+connection+with+Parliament+fire&rft.date=2022-01-02&rft.aulast=Charles&rft.aufirst=Marvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news24.com%2Fnews24%2Fsouthafrica%2Fnews%2Fman-51-arrested-in-connection-with-parliament-fire-20220102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-african-police-charge-man-with-arson-over-damaging-blaze-parliament-2022-01-03/">"South African police charge man with arson over damaging blaze at parliament"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 3 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=South+African+police+charge+man+with+arson+over+damaging+blaze+at+parliament&rft.date=2022-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2Fsouth-african-police-charge-man-with-arson-over-damaging-blaze-parliament-2022-01-03%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corruptionwatch.org.za/can-we-blame-you-now-president-zuma/">"Can we blame you now, President Zuma? | Corruption Watch"</a>. <i>Corruption Watch</i>. 7 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Corruption+Watch&rft.atitle=Can+we+blame+you+now%2C+President+Zuma%3F+%7C+Corruption+Watch&rft.date=2015-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.corruptionwatch.org.za%2Fcan-we-blame-you-now-president-zuma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/south-africas-ruling-party-is-performing-dismally-but-a-flawed-opposition-keeps-it-in-power-207422">"South Africa's ruling party is performing dismally, but a flawed opposition keeps it in power"</a>. 18 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Africa%27s+ruling+party+is+performing+dismally%2C+but+a+flawed+opposition+keeps+it+in+power&rft.date=2023-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fsouth-africas-ruling-party-is-performing-dismally-but-a-flawed-opposition-keeps-it-in-power-207422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSapa" class="citation web cs1">Sapa, TimesLIVE. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2014/05/09/south-africa-election-results-2014">"South Africa election results 2014"</a>. <i>Times LIVE</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+LIVE&rft.atitle=South+Africa+election+results+2014&rft.aulast=Sapa&rft.aufirst=TimesLIVE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeslive.co.za%2Fpolitics%2F2014%2F05%2F09%2Fsouth-africa-election-results-2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">https://www.parliament.gov.za/national-assembly</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/announcement-final-results-2014-national-and-provincial-elections-10-may-2014">"Announcement of final results: 2014 National and Provincial Elections | South African Government"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcement+of+final+results%3A+2014+National+and+Provincial+Elections+%26%23124%3B+South+African+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.za%2Fnews%2Fmedia-statements%2Fannouncement-final-results-2014-national-and-provincial-elections-10-may-2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news24.com/News24/2019-vs-2014-what-the-numbers-tell-us-about-the-general-elections-20190512">"2019 vs 2014: What the numbers tell us about the general elections"</a>. <i>News24</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News24&rft.atitle=2019+vs+2014%3A+What+the+numbers+tell+us+about+the+general+elections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news24.com%2FNews24%2F2019-vs-2014-what-the-numbers-tell-us-about-the-general-elections-20190512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enca.com/news-top-stories/2024-elections-enca-projects-anc-will-take-45-national-vote">"2024 ELECTIONS: eNCA Project ANC Will Take 45% Of National Vote"</a>. eNCA. 30 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240530123735/https://www.enca.com/news-top-stories/2024-elections-enca-projects-anc-will-take-45-national-vote">Archived</a> from the original on 30 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=2024+ELECTIONS%3A+eNCA+Project+ANC+Will+Take+45%25+Of+National+Vote&rft.date=2024-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enca.com%2Fnews-top-stories%2F2024-elections-enca-projects-anc-will-take-45-national-vote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/3/race-to-form-south-africas-next-government-who-will-the-anc-ally-with">"Race to form South Africa's next government: Who will the ANC ally with?"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. 4 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240603235209/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/3/race-to-form-south-africas-next-government-who-will-the-anc-ally-with">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Race+to+form+South+Africa%27s+next+government%3A+Who+will+the+ANC+ally+with%3F&rft.date=2024-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F6%2F3%2Frace-to-form-south-africas-next-government-who-will-the-anc-ally-with&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_Writer" class="citation web cs1">Staff Writer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/313184/government-identifies-possible-sites-to-move-parliament-from-cape-town-to-pretoria/">"Government identifies possible sites to move parliament from Cape Town to Pretoria"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Government+identifies+possible+sites+to+move+parliament+from+Cape+Town+to+Pretoria&rft.au=Staff+Writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinesstech.co.za%2Fnews%2Fgovernment%2F313184%2Fgovernment-identifies-possible-sites-to-move-parliament-from-cape-town-to-pretoria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiemen" class="citation web cs1">Diemen, Ethan van. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/sites-identified-for-potential-parliament-move-to-tshwane-20190426">"Sites identified for potential Parliament move to Tshwane"</a>. <i>News24</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News24&rft.atitle=Sites+identified+for+potential+Parliament+move+to+Tshwane&rft.aulast=Diemen&rft.aufirst=Ethan+van&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news24.com%2Fnews24%2Fsouthafrica%2Fnews%2Fsites-identified-for-potential-parliament-move-to-tshwane-20190426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoje" class="citation news cs1">Boje, Valerie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iol.co.za/news/moving-parliament-to-pretoria-may-save-the-government-r650m-a-year-professor-48011109">"Moving Parliament to Pretoria may save the government R650m a year: professor"</a>. <i>Independent Online</i>. South Africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Independent+Online&rft.atitle=Moving+Parliament+to+Pretoria+may+save+the+government+R650m+a+year%3A+professor&rft.aulast=Boje&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iol.co.za%2Fnews%2Fmoving-parliament-to-pretoria-may-save-the-government-r650m-a-year-professor-48011109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/breaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber/">"LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue [PICS]"</a>. <i>The South African</i>. 14 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+South+African&rft.atitle=LOOK%3A+Check+out+the+National+Assembly%27s+%27new%27+venue+%5BPICS%5D&rft.date=2022-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesouthafrican.com%2Fnews%2Fbreaking-parliament-venue-good-hope-chamber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParliament+of+South+Africa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>South Africa Act 1909</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1961</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1983</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1993</li> <li>Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996</li> <li>Kahn, E. (1961). <i>The New Constitution</i>.</li> <li>Kruger, D.W. (1969). <i>The Making of a Nation</i>.</li> <li>May, H.J. (1949). <i>The South African Constitution</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikisource has original works on the topic: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Portal:Acts_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Africa" class="extiw" title="s:Portal:Acts of the Parliament of South Africa">Acts of the Parliament of South Africa</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Parliament_of_South_Africa" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Parliament of South Africa">Parliament of South Africa</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.gov.za/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2185780#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/920180234">Site by Houses of Parliament, Parliament Street, Cape Town</a>, at <a href="/wiki/SAHRA" class="mw-redirect" title="SAHRA">SAHRA</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legislatures_in_South_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SALegislatures" title="Template:SALegislatures"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SALegislatures" title="Template talk:SALegislatures"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SALegislatures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SALegislatures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legislatures_in_South_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislatures</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Parliament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="National Assembly of South Africa">National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provincial_legislature_(South_Africa)" title="Provincial legislature (South Africa)">Provincial legislatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Cape_Provincial_Legislature" title="Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature">Eastern Cape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_State_Provincial_Legislature" title="Free State Provincial Legislature">Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauteng_Provincial_Legislature" title="Gauteng Provincial Legislature">Gauteng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal_Legislature" title="KwaZulu-Natal Legislature">KwaZulu-Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limpopo_Provincial_Legislature" title="Limpopo Provincial Legislature">Limpopo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpumalanga_Provincial_Legislature" title="Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature">Mpumalanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cape_Provincial_Legislature" title="Northern Cape Provincial Legislature">Northern Cape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_West_Provincial_Legislature" title="North West Provincial Legislature">North West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Cape_Provincial_Parliament" title="Western Cape Provincial Parliament">Western Cape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="South_Africa_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Africa_topics" title="Template:South Africa topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_Africa_topics" title="Template talk:South Africa topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_Africa_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South Africa topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="South_Africa_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_South_Africa" title="Outline of South Africa">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_South_Africa" title="History of South Africa">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_South_Africa" title="Timeline of South Africa">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_South_Africa" title="List of years in South Africa">Years</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_South_Africa" title="Early history of South Africa">Early history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mapungubwe" title="Kingdom of Mapungubwe">Kingdom of Mapungubwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mutapa" title="Kingdom of Mutapa">Kingdom of Mutapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaditshwene" title="Kaditshwene">Kaditshwene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Cape_Colony" title="Dutch Cape Colony">Dutch Cape Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mthethwa_Paramountcy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mthethwa Paramountcy">Mthethwa Paramountcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndwandwe" title="Ndwandwe">Ndwandwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_Kingdom" title="Zulu Kingdom">Zulu Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Free_State" title="Orange Free State">Orange Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transvaal_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Transvaal Republic">Transvaal Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Boer_War" title="First Boer War">First Boer War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_South_Africa" title="Great Depression in South Africa">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_South_Africa_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of South Africa during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">Apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Border_War" title="South African Border War">Border War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_South_Africa_(1994%E2%80%93present)" title="History of South Africa (1994–present)">Democratic South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_South_Africa" title="Economic history of South Africa">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_South_Africa" title="Military history of South Africa">Military</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Africa" title="Geography of South Africa">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_South_Africa" title="Biodiversity of South Africa">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Africa" title="Climate of South Africa">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_South_Africa" title="Climate change in South Africa">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_South_Africa" title="Districts of South Africa">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_South_Africa" title="List of earthquakes in South Africa">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_estuaries_of_South_Africa" title="List of estuaries of South Africa">Estuaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_forests_of_South_Africa" title="List of forests of South Africa">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_South_Africa" title="List of islands of South Africa">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_South_Africa" title="List of lakes of South Africa">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges_of_South_Africa" title="List of mountain ranges of South Africa">Mountain ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_African_municipalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of South African municipalities">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of South Africa">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_populated_places_in_South_Africa" title="List of populated places in South Africa">Populated places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_South_Africa" title="Provinces of South Africa">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_South_Africa" title="List of rivers of South Africa">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_South_Africa" title="Wildlife of South Africa">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_South_Africa" title="Politics of South Africa">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Africa" title="Constitution of South Africa">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_South_Africa" title="Courts of South Africa">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_South_Africa" title="Corruption in South Africa">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Africa" title="Elections in South Africa">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_South_Africa" title="Foreign relations of South Africa">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Africa" title="Government of South Africa">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_South_Africa" title="Human rights in South Africa">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_South_Africa" title="Law of South Africa">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_South_Africa" title="Law enforcement in South Africa">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Defence_Force" title="South African National Defence Force">Military</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_South_Africa" title="List of political parties in South Africa">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Africa" title="President of South Africa">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lifespan_timeline_of_presidents_of_South_Africa" title="Lifespan timeline of presidents of South Africa">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Security_Agency_(South_Africa)" title="State Security Agency (South Africa)">State security</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_South_Africa" title="Agriculture in South Africa">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_South_Africa" title="Banking in South Africa">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_South_Africa" title="List of companies of South Africa">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_South_Africa" title="Telecommunications in South Africa">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_South_Africa" title="Economic history of South Africa">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_South_Africa" title="Energy in South Africa">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_South_Africa" title="Foreign trade of South Africa">Foreign trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Income inequality in South Africa">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_South_Africa" title="Mining industry of South Africa">Mining industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_rand" title="South African rand">Rand <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_South_Africa" title="State-owned enterprises of South Africa">State-owned enterprises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSE_Limited" title="JSE Limited">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_South_Africa" title="Taxation in South Africa">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_South_Africa" title="Tourism in South Africa">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_South_Africa" title="Trade unions in South Africa">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_South_Africa" title="Transport in South Africa">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_South_Africa" title="Water supply and sanitation in South Africa">Water and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealth_inequality_in_South_Africa" title="Wealth inequality in South Africa">Wealth inequality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_South_Africa" title="Category:Society of South Africa">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_South_Africa" title="Cannabis in South Africa">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_South_Africa" title="Crime in South Africa">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_South_Africa" title="Disability in South Africa">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_South_Africa" title="Education in South Africa">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_South_Africa" title="Feminism in South Africa">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_South_Africa" title="Health in South Africa">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_South_Africa" title="Healthcare in South Africa">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_South_Africa" title="Immigration to South Africa">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_South_Africa" title="Intersex rights in South Africa">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_invasion_in_South_Africa" title="Land invasion in South Africa">Land invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_South_Africa" title="Languages of South Africa">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_South_Africa" title="LGBT rights in South Africa">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_African_provinces_by_life_expectancy" title="List of South African provinces by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty in South Africa">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_South_Africa" title="Racism in South Africa">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Africa" title="Religion in South Africa">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence_in_South_Africa" title="Sexual violence in South Africa">Sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance_in_South_Africa" title="Slum clearance in South Africa">Slum clearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_South_Africa" title="Smoking in South Africa">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_issues_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Social issues in South Africa">Social issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_movements_in_South_Africa" title="List of social movements in South Africa">Social movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_South_Africa" title="Women in South Africa">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_in_South_Africa" title="Xenophobia in South Africa">Xenophobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_South_Africa" title="Culture of South Africa">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of South Africa">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_art" title="South African art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_South_Africa" title="Cinema of South Africa">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_cuisine" title="South African cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_African_wine" title="South African wine">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_South_Africa" title="HIV/AIDS in South Africa">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_South_Africa" title="Homelessness in South Africa">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_literature" title="South African literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in South Africa">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_South_Africa" title="Music of South Africa">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_South_Africa" title="National symbols of South Africa">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_South_Africa" title="Public holidays in South Africa">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_South_Africa" title="Sport in South Africa">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_South_Africa" title="List of World Heritage Sites in South Africa">World Heritage Sites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_in_South_Africa" title="List of heritage sites in South Africa">heritage sites</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Africa" title="Demographics of South Africa">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_peoples_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu peoples in South Africa">South African Bantu-speaking peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Ndebele_people" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ndebele people">Ndebele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedi_people" title="Pedi people">Pedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotho_people" title="Sotho people">Sotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swazi_people" title="Swazi people">Swazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsonga_people" title="Tsonga people">Tsonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tswana_people" title="Tswana people">Tswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venda_people" title="Venda people">Venda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_people" title="Xhosa people">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_people" title="Zulu people">Zulu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoisan" title="Khoisan">Khoisan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khoekhoe" title="Khoekhoe">Khoekhoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_people" title="San people">San people</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="White South African">Whites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaners" title="Afrikaners">Afrikaners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_diaspora_in_Africa" title="British diaspora in Africa">British</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coloureds" title="Coloureds">Coloureds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Coloureds" title="Cape Coloureds">Cape Coloureds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Malays" title="Cape Malays">Cape Malays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griqua_people" title="Griqua people">Griquas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_South_Africans" title="Indian South Africans">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese South African">Chinese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_South_Africa" title="Outline of South Africa">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_South_Africa" title="Outline of South Africa">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_Africa" title="Category:South Africa">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:South_Africa" title="Portal:South Africa">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_bicameral_legislatures" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National bicameral legislatures"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Template talk:National bicameral legislatures"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National bicameral legislatures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_bicameral_legislatures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Argentina" title="National Congress of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Federal_Parliament" title="Belgian Federal Parliament">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Brazil" title="National Congress of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Egypt" title="Parliament of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Federal Parliamentary Assembly">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Malaysia" title="Parliament of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Union" title="Congress of the Union">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Nepal" title="Federal Parliament of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Nigeria)" title="National Assembly (Nigeria)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Pakistan" title="Parliament of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Russia)" title="Federal Assembly (Russia)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Somalia" title="Federal Parliament of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislature_(South_Sudan)" title="National Legislature (South Sudan)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislature_(Sudan)" title="National Legislature (Sudan)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Assembly (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Algeria" title="Parliament of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Bahamas" title="Parliament of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bahrain)" title="National Assembly (Bahrain)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Barbados" title="Parliament of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Belize)" title="National Assembly (Belize)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bhutan" title="Parliament of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plurinational_Legislative_Assembly" title="Plurinational Legislative Assembly">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Burundi" title="Parliament of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Cambodia" title="Parliament of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Cameroon" title="Parliament of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Chile" title="National Congress of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Colombia" title="Congress of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Parliament of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Parliament of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Congress of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Parliament of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Eswatini" title="Parliament of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Parliament" title="French Parliament">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Gabon" title="Parliament of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Grenada" title="Parliament of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Haiti)" title="National Assembly (Haiti)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Consultative_Assembly" title="People's Consultative Assembly">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Parliament of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Jamaica" title="Parliament of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Jordan" title="Parliament of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kenya" title="Parliament of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Lesotho" title="Parliament of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_Liberia" title="Legislature of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Madagascar" title="Parliament of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Morocco" title="Parliament of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyidaungsu_Hluttaw" title="Pyidaungsu Hluttaw">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Namibia" title="Parliament of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Oman" title="Council of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau_National_Congress" title="Palau National Congress">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Paraguay" title="Congress of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Poland" title="Parliament of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Rwanda" title="Parliament of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Parliament of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Parliament" title="Slovenian Parliament">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Assembly_(Tajikistan)" title="Supreme Assembly (Tajikistan)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Thailand)" title="National Assembly (Thailand)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Turkmenistan" title="National Council of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Uruguay" title="General Assembly of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliy_Majlis" title="Oliy Majlis">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Zimbabwe" title="Parliament of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent and<br />other territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_Fono" title="American Samoa Fono">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bermuda" title="Parliament of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynwald" title="Tynwald">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Commonwealth_Legislature" title="Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">Non-UN states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Somaliland" title="Parliament of Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Venezuela" title="Congress of Venezuela">Venezuela (1811-1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Congress" title="Confederate States Congress">Confederate States (1862–1865)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Czechoslovakia)" title="National Assembly (Czechoslovakia)">Czechoslovakia (1920–1939)</a> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Czechoslovakia)" title="Federal Assembly (Czechoslovakia)">(1969–1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu#Division" title="Riigikogu">Estonia (1938–1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Serbia#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Assembly of Serbia">Serbia (1901–1903)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union (1938–1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Republic_of_Texas" title="Congress of the Republic of Texas">Texas (1836–1845)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Yugoslavia" title="Assembly of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia (1931–1939, 1945–1963, 1974–1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Serbia and Montenegro">FR Yugoslavia (1992–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire (1876–1878, 1908–1920)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">Unicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricameralism" title="Tricameralism">Tricameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multicameralism" title="Multicameralism">Multicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legislatures_by_country" title="List of legislatures by country">List of legislatures by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_unicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National unicameral legislatures">National unicameral legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_lower_houses" title="Template:National lower houses">National lower houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_upper_houses" title="Template:National upper houses">National upper houses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legislatures_in_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_legislatures" title="Template:Africa legislatures"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_legislatures" title="Template talk:Africa legislatures"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_legislatures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa legislatures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legislatures_in_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislatures</a> in Africa</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Algeria" title="Parliament of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Angola)" title="National Assembly (Angola)">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Benin)" title="National Assembly (Benin)">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Botswana" title="Parliament of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Burkina_Faso" title="National Assembly of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Burundi" title="Parliament of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Cameroon" title="Parliament of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Cape_Verde)" title="National Assembly (Cape Verde)">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Parliament of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Chad)" title="National Assembly (Chad)">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Union_of_the_Comoros" title="Assembly of the Union of the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Parliament of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Djibouti)" title="National Assembly (Djibouti)">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Egypt" title="Parliament of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Parliament of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Eritrea)" title="National Assembly (Eritrea)">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Eswatini" title="Parliament of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Federal Parliamentary Assembly">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Gabon" title="Parliament of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Gambia" title="National Assembly of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Ghana" title="Parliament of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Guinea)" title="National Assembly (Guinea)">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Assembly_(Guinea-Bissau)" title="National People's Assembly (Guinea-Bissau)">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Parliament of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kenya" title="Parliament of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Lesotho" title="Parliament of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_Liberia" title="Legislature of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Libya)" title="House of Representatives (Libya)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Madagascar" title="Parliament of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Malawi)" title="National Assembly (Malawi)">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Mali)" title="National Assembly (Mali)">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritanian_Parliament" title="Mauritanian Parliament">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Mauritius)" title="National Assembly (Mauritius)">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Morocco" title="Parliament of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Mozambique)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Mozambique)">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Namibia" title="Parliament of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Niger)" title="National Assembly (Niger)">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Nigeria)" title="National Assembly (Nigeria)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Rwanda" title="Parliament of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe)" title="National Assembly (São Tomé and Príncipe)">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Senegal)" title="National Assembly (Senegal)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Seychelles)" title="National Assembly (Seychelles)">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Parliament of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Somalia" title="Federal Parliament of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislature_(South_Sudan)" title="National Legislature (South Sudan)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislature_(Sudan)" title="National Legislature (Sudan)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Tanzania)" title="National Assembly (Tanzania)">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Togo)" title="National Assembly (Togo)">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Tunisia" title="Parliament of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Uganda" title="Parliament of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_National_Council" title="Sahrawi National Council">Western Sahara</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Zambia" title="National Assembly of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Zimbabwe" title="Parliament of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_division" title="Autonomous administrative division">autonomies</a>,<br />other <a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Parliament of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Ceuta" title="Assembly of Ceuta">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Melilla" title="Assembly of Melilla">Melilla</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Madeira" title="Legislative Assembly of Madeira">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departmental_Council_of_Mayotte" title="Departmental Council of Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Regional_Council_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Regional Council of Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Saint_Helena" title="Legislative Council of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island_Council" title="Ascension Island Council">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha_Island_Council" title="Tristan da Cunha Island Council">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Puntland" title="House of Representatives of Puntland">Puntland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Somaliland" title="Parliament of Somaliland">Somaliland</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(disputed)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar_House_of_Representatives" title="Zanzibar House of Representatives">Zanzibar</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Tanzania)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate an <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">unrecognised or partially recognised state</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Key_Points_in_South_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Key_Points_navbox" title="Template:National Key Points navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Key_Points_navbox" title="Template talk:National Key Points navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Key_Points_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Key Points navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Key_Points_in_South_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Key_Points" title="List of National Key Points">National Key Points in South Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Water supply sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Water_Board_(South_Africa)" title="Water Board (South Africa)">Zwartkopjies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_Board_(South_Africa)" title="Water Board (South Africa)">Zuikerbosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_Board_(South_Africa)" title="Water Board (South Africa)">Vereeniging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_Board_(South_Africa)" title="Water Board (South Africa)">Mapleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaal_Barrage" title="Vaal Barrage">Barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_Board_(South_Africa)" title="Water Board (South Africa)">Palmiet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_Board_(South_Africa)" title="Water Board (South Africa)">Eikenhof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaal_Dam" title="Vaal Dam">Vaal Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lephalale" title="Lephalale">Mokolo Dam Pump Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electricity generation<br />and transmission sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Grassridge Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Perseus Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethabo_Power_Station" title="Lethabo Power Station">Lethabo Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Hydra Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Apollo Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Minerva Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grootvlei_Power_Station" title="Grootvlei Power Station">Grootvlei Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Impala Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Klaarwater Distribution Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Pegasus Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drakensberg_Pumped_Storage_Scheme" title="Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme">Drakensberg Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Durban South Distribution Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Durban North Distribution Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Athene Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Lotus Park Distribution station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Power_Station" title="Camden Power Station">Camden Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrina_Power_Station" title="Hendrina Power Station">Hendrina Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriel_Power_Station" title="Kriel Power Station">Kriel Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnot_Power_Station" title="Arnot Power Station">Arnot Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Sol Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matla_Power_Station" title="Matla Power Station">Matla Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duvha_Power_Station" title="Duvha Power Station">Duvha Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutuka_Power_Station" title="Tutuka Power Station">Tutuka Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendal_Power_Station" title="Kendal Power Station">Kendal Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komati_Power_Station" title="Komati Power Station">Komati Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majuba_Power_Station" title="Majuba Power Station">Majuba Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matimba_Power_Station" title="Matimba Power Station">Matimba Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Muldersvlei Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Acasia Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Droeriver Transmission Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koeberg_Nuclear_Power_Station" title="Koeberg Nuclear Power Station">Koeberg Nuclear Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gourikwa_Power_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gourikwa Power Station (page does not exist)">Gourikwa Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankerlig_Power_Station" title="Ankerlig Power Station">Ankerlig Power Station </a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centlec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centlec (page does not exist)">Centlec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crude oil,<br />fuel depot and<br />processing sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OilTanking_Grindrod_Calulo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OilTanking Grindrod Calulo (page does not exist)">OilTanking Grindrod Calulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasol" title="Sasol">Natref Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Bethlehem Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Coalbrook Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Sasol Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Kroonstad Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Magdala TPL Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Wilge TPL Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Shell Depot Alrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Chevron Alrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Sasol Depot Alrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Total Depot Alrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Alrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caltex" title="Caltex">Chevron Texaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Airport e-Natis Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Tarlton Distribution Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Klerksdorp Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Langlaagte Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Meyerton Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Rustenburg Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasol" title="Sasol">Sasol Secunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Jericho Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Rieftontein Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Grootfontein Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Vygeboom Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Bosloop Water Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Nooitgedact Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Transnet Pipeline Witbank Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Khutala Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnet_Pipelines" title="Transnet Pipelines">Zaaihoek Pump Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caltex" title="Caltex">Chevron Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroSA" title="PetroSA">PetroSA Voorbaai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroSA" title="PetroSA">PetroSA GTL Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mossgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Mossgas">FA Production Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetroSA" title="PetroSA">ORCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential<br />residential sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qunu" title="Qunu">Nelson Mandela Qunu Village residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlamba_Ndlopfu" title="Mahlamba Ndlopfu">Mahlamba Ndlopfu Presidential Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sefako_Mapogo_Makgatho" class="mw-redirect" title="Sefako Mapogo Makgatho">Sefako Makgatho Presidential Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkandla_(homestead)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nkandla (homestead)">President of South Africa Residence Nkandla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JL_Dube_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JL Dube House (page does not exist)">JL Dube House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groote_Schuur" title="Groote Schuur">Presidential Residence (Genadendal)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Cape_Provincial_Legislature" title="Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature">Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_State_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="Free State Legislature">Free State Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cape_Provincial_Legislature" title="Northern Cape Provincial Legislature">Northern Cape Provincial Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Buildings" title="Union Buildings">Pretoria Union Buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_West_Provincial_Legislature" title="North West Provincial Legislature">North West Provincial Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal_Legislature" title="KwaZulu-Natal Legislature">KwaZulu-Natal Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_Building_Nelspruit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Government Building Nelspruit (page does not exist)">Government Building Nelspruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limpopo_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="Limpopo Legislature">Limpopo Legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament, Cape Town</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">120 Plein Street, Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Cape_Provincial_Parliament" title="Western Cape Provincial Parliament">Western Cape Provincial Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Reserve_Bank" title="South African Reserve Bank">SARB Port Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Reserve_Bank" title="South African Reserve Bank">SARB East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Reserve_Bank" title="South African Reserve Bank">SARB Bloemfontein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Reserve_Bank" title="South African Reserve Bank">SARB Port Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Reserve_Bank" title="South African Reserve Bank">SARB Pretoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Reserve_Bank" title="South African Reserve Bank">SARB Johannesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Reserve_Bank" title="South African Reserve Bank">South African Bank Note Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Space, science<br />and technology sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Square_Kilometre_Array" title="Square Kilometre Array">Square Kilometre Array</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Onderstepoort_Biological_Products&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Onderstepoort Biological Products (page does not exist)">Onderstepoort Biological Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Security_Agency_(South_Africa)" title="State Security Agency (South Africa)">SSA Communication Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_Scientific_and_Industrial_Research" title="Council for Scientific and Industrial Research">CSIR Wind Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denel_Land_Systems" title="Denel Land Systems">Denel Land Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denel_Dynamics" title="Denel Dynamics">Denel Dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telkom_(South_Africa)" title="Telkom (South Africa)">Main Telephone Exchange (PPR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mittal_Steel_South_Africa" title="Mittal Steel South Africa">ArcelorMittal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Explosives" title="African Explosives">African Explosives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denel_Aviation" class="mw-redirect" title="Denel Aviation">Denel Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems_Land_Systems_South_Africa" title="BAE Systems Land Systems South Africa">BAE Systems Land Systems South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartebeeshoek_Earth_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartebeeshoek Earth Station (page does not exist)">Hartebeeshoek Earth Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Nuclear_Energy_Corporation" title="South African Nuclear Energy Corporation">NECSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Space_Agency" title="South African National Space Agency">South African National Space Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denel" title="Denel">Rheinmetall Denel Munition South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/O._R._Tambo_International_Airport" title="O. R. Tambo International Airport">O. R. Tambo International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Shaka_International_Airport" title="King Shaka International Airport">King Shaka International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_International_Airport" title="Cape Town International Airport">Cape Town International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Parliament_of_South_Africa&params=33.9258_S_18.4197_E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°55′33″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25′11″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.9258°S 18.4197°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.9258; 18.4197</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&oldid=1255253347">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&oldid=1255253347</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="Category:Parliament of South Africa">Parliament of South Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government_of_South_Africa" title="Category:Government of South Africa">Government of South Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parliaments_by_country" title="Category:Parliaments by country">Parliaments by country</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bicameral_legislatures" title="Category:Bicameral legislatures">Bicameral legislatures</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_legislatures" title="Category:National legislatures">National legislatures</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_South_African_English_from_June_2022" title="Category:Use South African English from June 2022">Use South African English from June 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_South_African_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in South African English">All Wikipedia articles written in South African English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2022">Use dmy dates from April 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Afrikaans-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Afrikaans-language text">Articles containing Afrikaans-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Southern_Ndebele-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Southern Ndebele-language text">Articles containing Southern Ndebele-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Xhosa-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Xhosa-language text">Articles containing Xhosa-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Zulu-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Zulu-language text">Articles containing Zulu-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Swazi-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Swazi-language text">Articles containing Swazi-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Northern_Sotho-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Northern Sotho-language text">Articles containing Northern Sotho-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Sotho-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Sotho-language text">Articles containing Sotho-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Tswana-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Tswana-language text">Articles containing Tswana-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Tsonga-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Tsonga-language text">Articles containing Tsonga-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Venda-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Venda-language text">Articles containing Venda-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infobox_legislature_with_background_color" title="Category:Infobox legislature with background color">Infobox legislature with background color</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 November 2024, at 23:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parliament_of_South_Africa&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5cd4cd96d5-xv2qb","wgBackendResponseTime":170,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.905","walltime":"1.171","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6526,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":283414,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":56338,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":28,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":148941,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 993.038 1 -total"," 35.49% 352.387 1 Template:Infobox_Parliament"," 35.22% 349.707 2 Template:Infobox"," 17.65% 175.306 1 Template:Reflist"," 15.79% 156.754 33 Template:Color_box"," 13.40% 133.024 1 Template:Collapsible_list"," 12.43% 123.477 10 Template:Native_name"," 10.39% 103.129 17 Template:Party_color"," 8.74% 86.809 1 Template:Politics_of_South_Africa"," 8.50% 84.403 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.532","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":21820321,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5cd4cd96d5-cgpvd","timestamp":"20241127005156","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Parliament of South Africa","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parliament_of_South_Africa","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2185780","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2185780","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-11-23T03:32:09Z","dateModified":"2024-11-03T23:19:07Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/f\/f8\/SA_Parliament_coat_of_arms.svg","headline":"legislative body of South Africa"}</script> </body> </html>