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href="/wiki/File:Giani_Ditt_Singh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Giani_Ditt_Singh.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="230" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="230" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of Giani Ditt Singh</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Gyani" title="Gyani">Giani</a> <b>Ditt Singh</b> (ca. 1850–1901) was a historian, scholar, poet, editor and an eminent <a href="/wiki/Singh_Sabha_Movement" title="Singh Sabha Movement">Singh Sabha</a> reformer.<sup id="cite_ref-SinghStation_2016_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SinghStation_2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Singh wrote over 70 books on <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, the most famous of which is <i>Khalsa Akhbar</i>. His <i>Dayanand naal mera Samvaad</i> and <i>Durga Parbodh</i> are considered major texts of Sikh philosophy. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giani_Ditt_Singh_depiction_from_a_hand-written_manuscript_of_his_Shirin_Farhad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Giani_Ditt_Singh_depiction_from_a_hand-written_manuscript_of_his_Shirin_Farhad.jpg/220px-Giani_Ditt_Singh_depiction_from_a_hand-written_manuscript_of_his_Shirin_Farhad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Giani_Ditt_Singh_depiction_from_a_hand-written_manuscript_of_his_Shirin_Farhad.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="354" /></a><figcaption>Giani Ditt Singh at age 21</figcaption></figure> <p>There is little information regarding the early life of Singh, despite a resurgence of interest in him caused by the desire of some people to recast his life as that of a <a href="/wiki/Chamar" title="Chamar">chamar</a> hero. Anshu Malhotra has argued that such a recasting says more about the motives of the present-day researchers than it does about the effects of social status on Singh himself.<sup id="cite_ref-malhotra_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malhotra-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Singh's date of birth is generally recognised as being 21 April, the year is variously stated as 1850, 1852 and 1853. He father, Diwan Singh whose knowledge of the <a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> religious philosophies was passed on to his son. The family origins lay in the <a href="/wiki/Chamar" title="Chamar">Chamar</a> caste, from which they had moved to self-identify as members of the relatively <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ritual_pollution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ritual pollution (page does not exist)">ritually clean</a> <a href="/wiki/Ravidasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ravidasia">Ravidasia</a> weaving community, described by Malhotra as an "upwardly mobile section of the <a href="/wiki/Chamar" title="Chamar">Chamar</a> community".<sup id="cite_ref-malhotra_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malhotra-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After initial schooling given by his father, Singh was sent at the age of 8 or 9 to be taught by Gurbakhsh Singh and Lala Dayanand in the village of Tiur, <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala district</a>. There he studied <a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī alphabet">Gurmukhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Prosody_(poetry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosody (poetry)">prosody</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niti_Shastra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niti Shastra (page does not exist)">Niti Shastra</a> and Vedanta, until aged around 16. Gurbakhsh Singh was an adherent of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulabdasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulabdasi (page does not exist)">Gulabdasi</a> sect and his pupil's next move was to the Gulabdasi centre at <a href="/wiki/Chathian_Wala" title="Chathian Wala">Chathian Wala</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-malhotra_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malhotra-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Formally initiated into the sect of Sant Desa Singh, he became a Gulabdasi preacher. Not long afterwards, he came under the influence of Bhai Jawahar Singh, formerly a follower of Gulabdasi sect, who had joined the <a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_reform_activities">Early reform activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early reform activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soon, Singh was drawn into the Sikh fold through Bhai Gurmukh Singh, then an active figure in the Singh Sabha movement. In 1886, he became a principal contributor to and subsequently the second editor of the weekly <i><a href="/wiki/Khalsa_Akhbar_Lahore" class="mw-redirect" title="Khalsa Akhbar Lahore">Khalsa Akhbar Lahore</a></i>, a newspaper founded by Bhai Gurmukh Singh following the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Khalsa_Diwan" title="Chief Khalsa Diwan">Lahore Khalsa Diwan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Singh He had passed the <a href="/wiki/Gyani" title="Gyani">Gyani</a> examination the same year and was appointed a teacher at the <a href="/wiki/Oriental_College,_Lahore" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental College, Lahore">Oriental College</a>. He used the <i>Khalsa Akhbar</i> as a vehicle for the spread of Singh Sabha ideology.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the Amritsar Khalsa Diwan excommunicated Bhai Gurmukh Singh, Ditt Singh responded by publishing excerpts from his book <i>Svapan Natak</i>, a thinly veiled satire ridiculing the Amritsar leaders, in the <i>Khalsa Akhbar</i>. This resulted in a lawsuit filed by one of the targets of the satire, which, although eventually dismissed, cost the <i>Khalsa Akhbar</i> dearly in time and money to defend. The paper shut down in 1889. With support from the <a href="/wiki/Maharaja" title="Maharaja">Maharaja</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nabha_State" title="Nabha State">Nahba</a>, the paper resumed publication in 1893, again under Ditt Singh as editor. This led to the eventual launch of an English-language weekly, titled simply <i>Khalsa</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through all of his Sikh Sabha activities, Singh had maintained his ties to the Arya Samaj, but in 1888, the increasing discord between the Arya Samaj and Sikh leaders led to Singh's ultimate departure from the movement. After this, he threw himself entirely into the work of the Singh Sabha movement.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As an educator, Singh helped in the setting up of <a href="/wiki/Khalsa_College,_Amritsar" title="Khalsa College, Amritsar">Khalsa College, Amritsar</a>, and wrote textbooks for the students of the college.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discussion_with_Swami_Dayanand">Discussion with Swami Dayanand</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Discussion with Swami Dayanand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Swami_Dayanand" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Dayanand">Swami Dayanand</a> was the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a> movement, but Singh found Dayanand's belief in the supremacy of the <a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a> and the role of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> as the sole true religion at odds with the multi-cultural and multi-religious world of the time. Singh planned to set things right. During a religious gathering in 1877 at Lahore, Singh visited Dayanand "to know his mind and to know his ideals". Singh published these dialogues in his book <i>Sadhu Daya Nand Naal Mera Sambad.</i> During the course of the discussion, Singh takes issue with Dayanand's beliefs, and attempts to expose the fallacies therein.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Malhotra describes the discussions with Dayanand as "putative" and the booklet as "controversial".<sup id="cite_ref-malhotra_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malhotra-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_career">Literary career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Literary career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Singh wrote prolifically, producing both prose and verse. He wrote books and pamphlets on Sikh theology and history and on current polemics. </p><p>Well-known among his works are: </p> <ul><li><i>Guru Nanak Prabodh</i></li> <li><i>Guru Arjan Chariltar</i></li> <li><i>Dambh Bidaran</i></li> <li><i>Durga Prabodh</i></li> <li><i>Panth Prabodh</i></li> <li><i>Raj Prabodh</i></li> <li><i>Mera ate Sadhu Dayanand da Sambad</i></li> <li><i>Naqh Siah Prabodh</i></li> <li><i>Panth Sudhar Binai Pattar</i></li> <li><i>Abla Naari</i></li></ul> <p>He also published accounts of the martyrdoms of <a href="/wiki/Bhai_Tara_Singh_Wan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhai Tara Singh Wan">Tara Singh of Van</a>, Subeg Singh, Matab Singh Mirankotia, <a href="/wiki/Bhai_Taru_Singh" title="Bhai Taru Singh">Taru Singh</a> and Bota Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Singh's married Bishan Kaur in a Sikh rite in <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a> in 1880. They had two children: a son, Baldev Singh, born in 1886, and a daughter, Vidyavant Kaur, born in 1890.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The death of Singh's daughter on 17 June 1901 was a great blow to Singh, who was already suffering exhaustion from his workload as leader of the Singh Sabha movement. He continued to work, but his health deteriorated rapidly and he fell seriously ill. Singh died at Lahore on 6 September 1901. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Memorials">Memorials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Singh's death, <a href="/wiki/Bhai_Vir_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhai Vir Singh">Bhai Vir Singh</a> wrote a poem in his honor that was published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Khalsa_Akhbar_Lahore" class="mw-redirect" title="Khalsa Akhbar Lahore">Khalsa Akhbar</a></i>. In addition, the Giani Ditt Singh Memorial International Society regularly organizes functions to keep Singh's memory alive.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SinghStation_2016-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SinghStation_2016_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://singhstation.net/2016/02/giani-ditt-singh-library-inaugurated-in-melbourne/">"Giani Ditt Singh Library inaugurated in Melbourne"</a>. <i>SinghStation</i>. 21 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SinghStation&rft.atitle=Giani+Ditt+Singh+Library+inaugurated+in+Melbourne&rft.date=2016-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsinghstation.net%2F2016%2F02%2Fgiani-ditt-singh-library-inaugurated-in-melbourne%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-malhotra-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-malhotra_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malhotra_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malhotra_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-malhotra_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalhotra" class="citation journal cs1">Malhotra, Anshu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.global.ucsb.edu/punjab/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/8-Anshu%20Malhotra%2020.pdf">"Living and Defining Caste: The Life and Writing of Giani Ditt Singh / Sant Ditta Ram"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Punjab Studies</i>. <b>20</b> (1): 159–192.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Punjab+Studies&rft.atitle=Living+and+Defining+Caste%3A+The+Life+and+Writing+of+Giani+Ditt+Singh+%2F+Sant+Ditta+Ram&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=159-192&rft.aulast=Malhotra&rft.aufirst=Anshu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.global.ucsb.edu%2Fpunjab%2Fsites%2Fsecure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp%2Ffiles%2Fsitefiles%2Fjournals%2Fvolume20%2F8-Anshu%2520Malhotra%252020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panthic.org/articles/3242">"Author of over 50 books, a major forum for his writing was the Khalsa Akhbar, in which he wrote on current issues. Ditt Singh was an editor of this prominent Punjabi newspaper of the time"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Author+of+over+50+books%2C+a+major+forum+for+his+writing+was+the+Khalsa+Akhbar%2C+in+which+he+wrote+on+current+issues.+Ditt+Singh+was+an+editor+of+this+prominent+Punjabi+newspaper+of+the+time.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panthic.org%2Farticles%2F3242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikh24.com/2012/11/08/missionaries-in-punjab-a-growing-concern/#.VI7CSiuUel4">"Giani Ditt Singh, Khalsa Akhbar (Punjabi) of Lahore, May 25, 1894"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Giani+Ditt+Singh%2C+Khalsa+Akhbar+%28Punjabi%29+of+Lahore%2C+May+25%2C+1894&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikh24.com%2F2012%2F11%2F08%2Fmissionaries-in-punjab-a-growing-concern%2F%23.VI7CSiuUel4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikhroots.com/sikh-literature/history/2991-singh-sabha-movement">"singh sabha movement"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=singh+sabha+movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikhroots.com%2Fsikh-literature%2Fhistory%2F2991-singh-sabha-movement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikhroots.com/sikh-literature/history/2991-singh-sabha-movement">"For the Sikhs, strangely somnolent since the forfeiture of political authority, besides the awareness of rapid depletion in their numbers and of general laxity in religious observance among themselves, two other motivating factors were at work : a reaction to what. was happening in the neighbourly religious traditions and the defensiveness generated by Christian proselytization and the odhim theologicum started by Hindu critics especially the Arya Samajists"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=For+the+Sikhs%2C+strangely+somnolent+since+the+forfeiture+of+political+authority%2C+besides+the+awareness+of+rapid+depletion+in+their+numbers+and+of+general+laxity+in+religious+observance+among+themselves%2C+two+other+motivating+factors+were+at+work+%3A+a+reaction+to+what.+was+happening+in+the+neighbourly+religious+traditions+and+the+defensiveness+generated+by+Christian+proselytization+and+the+odhim+theologicum+started+by+Hindu+critics+especially+the+Arya+Samajists.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikhroots.com%2Fsikh-literature%2Fhistory%2F2991-singh-sabha-movement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panthic.org/articles/3242">"As an educationist, he not only helped in the creation of Khalsa College, Amritsar, but also wrote textbooks for the students of the college"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=As+an+educationist%2C+he+not+only+helped+in+the+creation+of+Khalsa+College%2C+Amritsar%2C+but+also+wrote+textbooks+for+the+students+of+the+college.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panthic.org%2Farticles%2F3242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panthic.org/articles/3242">"Ditt Singh was able to have discussions with eminent religious scholars like Sadhu Dayanand"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ditt+Singh+was+able+to+have+discussions+with+eminent+religious+scholars+like+Sadhu+Dayanand.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panthic.org%2Farticles%2F3242&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.global.ucsb.edu/punjab/journal/v20_1_2/8-Anshu%20Malhotra%2020.pdf">"Living and Defining Caste: The Life and Writing of Giani Ditt Singh"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Living+and+Defining+Caste%3A+The+Life+and+Writing+of+Giani+Ditt+Singh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.global.ucsb.edu%2Fpunjab%2Fjournal%2Fv20_1_2%2F8-Anshu%2520Malhotra%252020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.learnpunjabi.org/eos/DITT%20SINGH%20GIANI%20(1853-1901).html">"Ditt Singh Giani"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ditt+Singh+Giani&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.learnpunjabi.org%2Feos%2FDITT%2520SINGH%2520GIANI%2520%281853-1901%29.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribuneindia.com/2013/20130729/cth2.htm">"To launch campaigns against social evils and initiate social welfare projects, hundreds' of youths formed a Welfare Society based on the philosophy of a renowned Sikh scholar and architect of Singh Sabha Lehar, Giani Ditt Singh today"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=To+launch+campaigns+against+social+evils+and+initiate+social+welfare+projects%2C+hundreds%27+of+youths+formed+a+Welfare+Society+based+on+the+philosophy+of+a+renowned+Sikh+scholar+and+architect+of+Singh+Sabha+Lehar%2C+Giani+Ditt+Singh+today.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F2013%2F20130729%2Fcth2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Pritam Singh Collections of Giani Ditt Singh</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Sardar Harbans (ed.). <i>The encyclopedia of Sikhism</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopedia+of+Sikhism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGiani+Ditt+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Amar Singh, Giani, Singh Sabha Lahir de Ughe Sanchalak Giani</i></li> <li><i>Ditt Singh Ji.</i> Amritsar, 1902</li> <li>Singh, Daljit. <i>Singh Sabha de Modhi Giani Ditt Sirigh Ji.</i> Amritsar, 1951</li> <li>Singh, Jagjit. <i>Singh Sabha Lahir.</i> Ludhiana, 1974</li> <li>Singh, Harbans. <i>The Heritage of the Sikhs.</i> Delhi,1983</li> <li>Jolly, Surjit Kaur. <i>Sikh Revivalist Movements.</i> Delhi,1988</li> <li>Chandar, Gurmukh Singh, <i>My Attempted Excommunication from the Sikh Temples and the Khalsa Community at Fandkot in 1887.</i> Lahore, 1898 Cds. S.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&oldid=1238369399">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giani_Ditt_Singh&oldid=1238369399</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_politics" title="Category:Sikh politics">Sikh politics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_Sikhs" title="Category:Indian Sikhs">Indian Sikhs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Fatehgarh_Sahib" title="Category:People from Fatehgarh Sahib">People from Fatehgarh Sahib</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_independence_activists_from_Punjab_Province_(British_India)" title="Category:Indian independence activists from Punjab Province (British India)">Indian independence activists from Punjab Province (British India)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Punjabi_people" title="Category:Punjabi people">Punjabi people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1850s_births" title="Category:1850s births">1850s births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1901_deaths" title="Category:1901 deaths">1901 deaths</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Indian_English_from_June_2016" title="Category:Use Indian English from June 2016">Use Indian English from June 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Indian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2016" title="Category:Use dmy dates from June 2016">Use dmy dates from June 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2018" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 August 2024, at 14:50<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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