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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotopi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Isotopi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Isotopi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Isotopi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Isotopi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isotopi_artificiali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopi_artificiali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Isotopi artificiali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotopi_artificiali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forme_cristalline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forme_cristalline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Forme cristalline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forme_cristalline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disponibilità" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disponibilità"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Disponibilità</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disponibilità-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produzione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produzione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Produzione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Produzione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applicazioni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applicazioni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Applicazioni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applicazioni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funzione_biologica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funzione_biologica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Funzione biologica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funzione_biologica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Precauzioni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Precauzioni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Precauzioni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Precauzioni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fosforo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 167 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-167" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">167 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8E%E1%88%B5%E1%8D%88%E1%88%A8%E1%88%B5" title="ፎስፈረስ - amarico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፎስፈረስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amarico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Fosforo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फास्फोरस - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="फास्फोरस" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فسفور - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فسفور" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فوسفور - arabo marocchino" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فوسفور" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabo marocchino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فسفور - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فسفور" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3sforu" title="Fósforu - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fósforu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फस्फोरस - awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="फस्फोरस" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فوسفور - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فوسفور" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosfor" title="Phosfor - balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Phosfor" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posporo_(elemento)" title="Posporo (elemento) - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Posporo (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Фосфар - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фосфар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Фосфар - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фосфар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फॉस्फोरस - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="फॉस्फोरस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9E%E1%80%96%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA" title="ဖော့သဖောရတ်သ် - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဖော့သဖောရတ်သ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="ফসফরাস - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফসফরাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="འོད་མ། - tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འོད་མ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B2sfor" title="Fòsfor - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fòsfor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ACng_(ngu%C3%B2ng-s%C3%B3)" title="Lìng (nguòng-só) - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lìng (nguòng-só)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posporo" title="Posporo - cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Posporo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%86%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%86%D8%B1" title="فۆسفۆر - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فۆسفۆر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaru" title="Fosfaru - corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Fosfaru" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffosfforws" title="Ffosfforws - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffosfforws" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phosphor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%AE%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8A%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ފޮސްފަރަސް - divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފޮސްފަރަސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%89%CF%83%CF%86%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Φωσφόρος - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φωσφόρος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Phosphorus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fosforo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3sforo" title="Fósforo - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fósforo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fosforo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3sforu" title="Fósforu - estremegno" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Fósforu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremegno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1" title="فسفر - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فسفر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfori" title="Fosfori - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fosfori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphore" title="Phosphore - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phosphore" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfoor" title="Fosfoor - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Fosfoor" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfar" title="Fosfar - friulano" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Fosfar" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfar" title="Fosfar - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fosfar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷 - gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="磷" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaras" title="Fosfaras - gaelico scozzese" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fosfaras" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelico scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3sforo_(elemento)" title="Fósforo (elemento) - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fósforo (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B8" title="ફોસ્ફરસ - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ફોસ્ફરસ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfaar" title="Fosfaar - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Fosfaar" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ACn" title="Lìn - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lìn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokepola" title="Pokepola - hawaiano" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Pokepola" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%9F" title="זרחן - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זרחן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फास्फोरस - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फास्फोरस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus - hindi figiano" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Phosphorus" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi figiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosf%C3%B2" title="Fosfò - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Fosfò" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foszfor" title="Foszfor - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Foszfor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%B8%D5%BD%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Ֆոսֆոր - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆոսֆոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80_(%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80)" title="Լուսաբեր (քիմիական տարր) - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լուսաբեր (քիմիական տարր)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoro" title="Phosphoro - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Phosphoro" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforus" title="Fosforus - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fosforus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfo" title="Fosfo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fosfo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosf%C3%B3r" title="Fosfór - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fosfór" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="リン - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sackycmu" title="sackycmu - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sackycmu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ფოსფორი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფოსფორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C9%94s%C9%A9f%C9%94r%C9%A9" title="Fɔsɩfɔrɩ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Fɔsɩfɔrɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorous" title="Phosphorous - kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Phosphorous" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%95" title="ರಂಜಕ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಂಜಕ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8" title="인 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforos" title="Fosforos - cornico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Fosforos" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Phosphorus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Phosphor" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo - ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Fosforo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fosforo" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9F%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%9F%E0%BB%8D%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94" title="ຟອສຟໍຣັດ - lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຟອສຟໍຣັດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforas" title="Fosforas - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fosforas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfors" title="Fosfors - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fosfors" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Палыкандор - moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Палыкандор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%ABt%C5%ABtaewhet%C5%AB" title="Pūtūtaewhetū - maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pūtūtaewhetū" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഫോസ്ഫറസ് - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫോസ്ഫറസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6" title="स्फुरद - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्फुरद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - mari occidentale" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforus" title="Fosforus - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fosforus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%85%E1%80%96%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="ဖော့စဖောရပ် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖော့စဖောရပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Phosphor" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फोस्फरस - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="फोस्फरस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फस्फोरस - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="फस्फोरस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfore" title="Fosfore - novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Fosfore" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosf%C3%B2r" title="Fosfòr - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fosfòr" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforu" title="Fosforu - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Fosforu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AB%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%AB%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B8" title="ଫସ୍‌ଫରସ - odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଫସ୍‌ଫରସ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8" title="ਫ਼ਾਸਫ਼ੋਰਸ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫ਼ਾਸਫ਼ੋਰਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फस्फोरस - pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="फस्फोरस" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B2sfor" title="Fòsfor - piemontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Fòsfor" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="فاسفورس - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فاسفورس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="فاسفورس - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فاسفورس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3sforo" title="Fósforo - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fósforo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuspuru" title="Phuspuru - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Phuspuru" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforu" title="Fosforu - arumeno" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Fosforu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="फास्फोरस - sanscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फास्फोरस" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B2sforu" title="Fòsforu - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Fòsforu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfuru" title="Fosfuru - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Fosfuru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Phosphorus" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="فاسفورس - sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="فاسفورس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="පොස්පරස් - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පොස්පරස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Phosphorus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforos" title="Fosforos - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Fosforos" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfori" title="Fosfori - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fosfori" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor - saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Phosphor" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posferi" title="Posferi - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Posferi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="பாசுபரசு - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாசுபரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="భాస్వరం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భాస్వరం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ฟอสฟอรัส - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟอสฟอรัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posporo_(elemento)" title="Posporo (elemento) - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Posporo (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فوسفور - uiguro" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="فوسفور" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="فاسفورس - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فاسفورس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B2sforo" title="Fòsforo - veneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fòsforo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor - vepso" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Fosfor" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phosphor" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosfin" title="Fosfin - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Fosfin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosf%C3%B4re" title="Fosfôre - vallone" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Fosfôre" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Fosforo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="磷" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор - kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Фосфор" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Phosphorus" title="I-Phosphorus - xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-Phosphorus" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8" title="פאספאר - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאספאר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3sf%C3%B3r%C3%B9" title="Fósfórù - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Fósfórù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linz" title="Linz - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Linz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94" title="ⴰⴼⵓⵙⴼⵓⵔ - tamazight del Marocco standard" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴼⵓⵙⴼⵓⵔ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight del Marocco standard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="磷" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷 - cinese classico" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="磷" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="cinese classico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AEn" title="Lîn - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lîn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="磷" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPholoba" title="IPholoba - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IPholoba" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q674#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Fosforo" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" 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<label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fosforo"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Fosforo" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Fosforo" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFosforo"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Fosforo"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Fosforo&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet 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citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Chimica" title="Progetto:Chimica">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto" style="width: 300px;"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Fosforo</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" style="border-collapse:separate;width:248px;background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="14" rowspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;">  </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="9" rowspan="3" style="border:none;text-align:center;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> <table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:10pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent;"><br />15</td> <td style="font-size:16pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent;"><b>P</b></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td colspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Elio" title="Elio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Berillio" title="Berillio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Fluoro" title="Fluoro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> 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9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Potassio" title="Potassio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Calcio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Calcio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; 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href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Zinco" title="Zinco"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Gallio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Gallio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Arsenico" title="Arsenico"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Selenio" title="Selenio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Bromo" title="Bromo"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidio" title="Rubidio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Stronzio" title="Stronzio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 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word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Tecnezio" title="Tecnezio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutenio" title="Rutenio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Rodio" title="Rodio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a 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height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorio" title="Livermorio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #fcfecc;"><a href="/wiki/Tennesso" title="Tennesso"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e8ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff9999;"><a href="/wiki/Ununennio" title="Ununennio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffeedd;"><a href="/wiki/Unbinilio" title="Unbinilio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">silicio</a> ← fosforo → <a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">zolfo</a> </p> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Aspetto</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><div class="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PhosphComby.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aspetto dell'elemento"><img alt="Aspetto dell'elemento" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/PhosphComby.jpg/200px-PhosphComby.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/PhosphComby.jpg/300px-PhosphComby.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/PhosphComby.jpg/400px-PhosphComby.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption>Aspetto dell'elemento</figcaption></figure>A seconda della forma cristallina: incolore, <a href="/wiki/Fosforo_bianco" title="Fosforo bianco">bianco ceruleo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo_giallo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosforo giallo (la pagina non esiste)">giallo</a>, scarlatto, <a href="/wiki/Fosforo_rosso" title="Fosforo rosso">rosso</a>, violetto o <a href="/wiki/Fosforo_nero" class="mw-redirect" title="Fosforo nero">nero</a></div> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><div class="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Linea_spettrale" title="Linea spettrale">Linea spettrale</a></b><br /><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phosphorus_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Linea spettrale dell'elemento"><img alt="Linea spettrale dell'elemento" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Phosphorus_spectrum_visible.png/200px-Phosphorus_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Phosphorus_spectrum_visible.png/300px-Phosphorus_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Phosphorus_spectrum_visible.png/400px-Phosphorus_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Linea spettrale dell'elemento</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Generalità</th></tr><tr><th>Nome, simbolo, numero atomico</th><td>fosforo, P, 15 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Serie_chimica" title="Serie chimica">Serie</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Non_metallo" title="Non metallo">non metalli</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">Gruppo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Periodo della tavola periodica">periodo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">blocco</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Gruppo_dell%27azoto" title="Gruppo dell'azoto">15 (VA)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elementi_del_periodo_3" title="Elementi del periodo 3">3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elementi_del_blocco_p" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementi del blocco p">p</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0" title="Densità">Densità</a></th><td>1 823 kg/m³ </td></tr><tr><th>Configurazione elettronica</th><td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elektronskal_15.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Configurazione elettronica"><img alt="Configurazione elettronica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Elektronskal_15.svg/125px-Elektronskal_15.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Elektronskal_15.svg/188px-Elektronskal_15.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Elektronskal_15.svg/250px-Elektronskal_15.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Configurazione elettronica</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Termine_spettroscopico" title="Termine spettroscopico">Termine spettroscopico</a></th><td><sup>4</sup>S<sup>o</sup><sub>3/2</sub> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Proprietà atomiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Peso_atomico" class="mw-redirect" title="Peso atomico">Peso atomico</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001309737610000000♠"></span>30,973761 <a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_di_massa_atomica" title="Unità di massa atomica">u</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_atomico" title="Raggio atomico">Raggio atomico</a> (calc.)</th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6990100000000000000♠"></span>100 <a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">pm</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_covalente" title="Raggio covalente">Raggio covalente</a></th><td>106 pm </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_di_van_der_Waals" title="Raggio di van der Waals">Raggio di van der Waals</a></th><td>180 pm </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Configurazione_elettronica" title="Configurazione elettronica">Configurazione elettronica</a></th><td>[<a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a>]3s<sup>2</sup>3p<sup>3</sup> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Elettrone" title="Elettrone">e<sup>−</sup></a> per <a href="/wiki/Livello_energetico" title="Livello energetico">livello energetico</a></th><td>2, 8, 5 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stato_di_ossidazione" title="Stato di ossidazione">Stati di ossidazione</a></th><td>±3, <b>5</b>, 4 (debolmente acido) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Cristallo" title="Cristallo">Struttura cristallina</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Sistema_monoclino" title="Sistema monoclino">monoclina</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Proprietà fisiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stato_della_materia" title="Stato della materia">Stato della materia</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Solido" title="Solido">solido</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Punto_di_fusione" title="Punto di fusione">Punto di fusione</a></th><td>317,3 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (44,2 <a href="/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius">°C</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Punto_di_ebollizione" title="Punto di ebollizione">Punto di ebollizione</a></th><td>550 K (277 °C) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Volume_molare" title="Volume molare">Volume molare</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6995170200000000000♠"></span>17,02<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−6</sup></span> m³/mol </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Entalpia_di_vaporizzazione" title="Entalpia di vaporizzazione">Entalpia di vaporizzazione</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004121290000000000♠"></span>12,129 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mole" title="Joule per mole">kJ/mol</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Calore_di_fusione" class="mw-redirect" title="Calore di fusione">Calore di fusione</a></th><td>0,657 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Tensione_di_vapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensione di vapore">Tensione di vapore</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001208000000000000♠"></span>20,8 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Pascal (unità di misura)">Pa</a></span> a <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002294000000000000♠"></span>294 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></span> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Altre proprietà</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Numero_CAS" title="Numero CAS">Numero CAS</a></th><td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="https://iw.toolforge.org/magnustools/cas.php?language=it&cas=7723-14-0">7723-14-0</a></span></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Elettronegativit%C3%A0" title="Elettronegatività">Elettronegatività</a></th><td>2,19 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Calore_specifico" title="Calore specifico">Calore specifico</a></th><td>769 J/(kg·K) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_elettrica" class="mw-redirect" title="Conducibilità elettrica">Conducibilità elettrica</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6991100000000000000♠"></span>1,0<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−9</sup></span> /m·Ω </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_termica" title="Conducibilità termica">Conducibilità termica</a></th><td>0,235 W/(m·K) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Energia_di_ionizzazione" title="Energia di ionizzazione">Energia di prima ionizzazione</a></th><td>1 011,8 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di seconda ionizzazione</th><td>1 907 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di terza ionizzazione</th><td>2 914,1 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di quarta ionizzazione</th><td>4 963,6 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di quinta ionizzazione</th><td>6 273,9 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Isotopi più stabili</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr><th>iso</th><th>NA</th><th>TD</th><th>DM</th><th>DE</th><th>DP</th></tr> <tr><td><sup>31</sup>P</td><td><b>100%</b></td> <td colspan="4">È stabile con 16 neutroni</td></tr><tr><td><sup>32</sup>P</td><td>sintetico</td> <td>14,3 d</td><td><a href="/wiki/Decadimento_beta" title="Decadimento beta">β</a></td><td>1,71</td><td><sup>32</sup>S</td></tr><tr><td><sup>33</sup>P</td><td>sintetico</td> <td>25,4 d</td><td>β</td><td>0,25</td><td><sup>33</sup>S</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EEEEEE;"><small>iso: <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopo</a><br />NA: abbondanza in natura<br />TD: <a href="/wiki/Emivita_(fisica)" title="Emivita (fisica)">tempo di dimezzamento</a><br />DM: modalità di decadimento<br />DE: energia di decadimento in MeV<br />DP: prodotto del decadimento</small></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il <b>fosforo</b> (dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latino</a> <i>phosphorus</i>) è un <a href="/wiki/Elemento_chimico" title="Elemento chimico">elemento chimico</a> della <a href="/wiki/Tavola_periodica_degli_elementi" title="Tavola periodica degli elementi">tavola periodica degli elementi</a> che ha come <a href="/wiki/Numero_atomico" title="Numero atomico">numero atomico</a> 15 e come simbolo <b>P</b>. È un <a href="/wiki/Non_metallo" title="Non metallo">non metallo</a> del gruppo dell'<a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto">azoto</a>. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Temperatura_ambiente" title="Temperatura ambiente">temperatura ambiente</a> è <a href="/wiki/Solido" title="Solido">solido</a>, ma sopra i <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002317299999999999♠"></span>44,15 <a href="/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius">°C</a></span> diventa subito <a href="/wiki/Liquido" title="Liquido">liquido</a>. </p><p>Il fosforo non si trova in natura allo stato elementare, ma sotto forma di fosfato (<a href="/wiki/Sale" title="Sale">sale</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Acido_fosforico" title="Acido fosforico">acido fosforico</a>), è abbondante in alcune rocce e nelle cellule degli esseri viventi, del cui <a href="/wiki/Metabolismo" title="Metabolismo">metabolismo</a> è un componente essenziale. Il fosforo elementare è estremamente reattivo e, combinandosi con l'<a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a> emette una tenue luminescenza (da cui il suo nome, φωσφόρος, <i><a href="/wiki/Phosphoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Phosphoros">phosphóros</a></i>, che in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_greca_antica" title="Lingua greca antica">greco</a> significa "portatore di luce"). Il principale uso industriale del fosforo è nella produzione di <a href="/wiki/Fertilizzante" title="Fertilizzante">fertilizzanti</a>. È impiegato anche nella produzione di <a href="/wiki/Esplosivo" title="Esplosivo">esplosivi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiammifero" title="Fiammifero">fiammiferi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fuochi_d%27artificio" title="Fuochi d'artificio">fuochi artificiali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prodotto_fitosanitario" title="Prodotto fitosanitario">fitofarmaci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dentifricio" title="Dentifricio">dentifrici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detergente" title="Detergente">detergenti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fosforo_(optoelettronica)#LED_bianchi" title="Fosforo (optoelettronica)">led bianchi</a>. </p><p>Il fosforo si presenta come un solido ceroso bianco dal caratteristico sgradevole odore agliaceo; quando è molto puro risulta trasparente. È insolubile in <a href="/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua">acqua</a> e solubile nei <a href="/wiki/Solventi_organici" class="mw-redirect" title="Solventi organici">solventi organici</a> e specialmente nel <a href="/wiki/Solfuro_di_carbonio" title="Solfuro di carbonio">solfuro di carbonio</a>. Riscaldato in aria brucia facilmente formando l'<a href="/wiki/Anidride_fosforica" title="Anidride fosforica">anidride fosforica</a> P<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub> (decaossido di tetrafosforo), spesso scritta con la formula bruta P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il fosforo venne isolato per la prima volta dal chimico tedesco <a href="/wiki/Hennig_Brand" title="Hennig Brand">Hennig Brand</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1669" title="1669">1669</a>. Nel tentativo di distillare i sali residui dell'<a href="/wiki/Evaporazione" title="Evaporazione">evaporazione</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Urina" title="Urina">urina</a>, Brand produsse un materiale bianco, luminescente al buio, che bruciava con fiamma brillante. Da allora, la parola <a href="/wiki/Fosforescenza" title="Fosforescenza">fosforescente</a> è stata usata per descrivere quei materiali che emettono luminescenza al buio senza bruciare. </p><p>Le discussioni degli <a href="/wiki/Alchimia" title="Alchimia">alchimisti</a> si ravvivarono, e grandi nomi della scienza dell'epoca, come <a href="/wiki/Robert_Boyle" title="Robert Boyle">Robert Boyle</a>, parteciparono al dibattito sulle proprietà del nuovo materiale luminescente. </p><p>La città di Bologna lega il proprio nome al materiale: il 12 dicembre <a href="/wiki/1711" title="1711">1711</a> vi venne fondato l'<i>Istituto delle Scienze</i>, opera di <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Ferdinando_Marsili" title="Luigi Ferdinando Marsili">Luigi Ferdinando Marsili</a>, presso cui proseguì lo studio del fenomeno dei fosfori, soprattutto ad opera del chimico e medico <a href="/wiki/Jacopo_Bartolomeo_Beccari" title="Jacopo Bartolomeo Beccari">Jacopo Bartolomeo Beccari</a>. Beccari dapprima fu professore di fisica (dal 4 dicembre <a href="/wiki/1711" title="1711">1711</a>), per poi diventare docente di <a href="/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica">chimica</a> presso l'istituto. La cattedra, fondata il 16 novembre <a href="/wiki/1737" title="1737">1737</a> era strettamente legata alla facoltà di medicina, e fu la prima in Italia ad istituire l'insegnamento della chimica sperimentale. </p><p>Nell'ambito del suo lavoro, Beccari realizzò con alcuni collaboratori alcune macchine e dispositivi sperimentali per lo studio dei fosfori e dei composti organici. I risultati del lavoro vennero raccolti da <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Maria_Zanotti" title="Francesco Maria Zanotti">Francesco Maria Zanotti</a>, segretario accademico, nel <i>De Bononiensis scientiarum et Artium Instituto atque Accademiae. Commentarii</i>. Anche lo stesso Marsigli fu impegnato nella ricerca sull'argomento, esponendo presso l'<a href="/wiki/Accademia_francese_delle_scienze" title="Accademia francese delle scienze">Accademia delle Scienze</a> di <a href="/wiki/Parigi" title="Parigi">Parigi</a> i risultati ottenuti. </p><p>Tra la fine del <a href="/wiki/XVIII_secolo" title="XVIII secolo">XVIII secolo</a> e gli inizi del <a href="/wiki/XIX_secolo" title="XIX secolo">XIX secolo</a> l'uso del fosforo cominciò a venire compreso correttamente. Nel <i>Cours de physique experimentale et de chimie; a l'usage des Ecole centrales, spécialment de l'Ecole centrale de la Côte d'Or</i> del <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a> è presente una spiegazione dettagliata di come usare la pietra per ottenere oggetti fosforescenti. </p><p>I primi <a href="/wiki/Fiammifero" title="Fiammifero">fiammiferi</a> vennero prodotti con il fosforo bianco, che però era pericoloso e tossico da maneggiare. L'esposizione ai vapori provocava ai lavoratori la necrosi delle ossa della mascella.<br />Con l'adozione del fosforo rosso, meno volatile e più stabile, i rischi vennero ridotti. </p><p>Il fosforo bianco è stato usato in diverse guerre come arma incendiaria. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotopi">Isotopi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Isotopi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il fosforo è l'undicesimo elemento per abbondanza (≈1 120 <a href="/wiki/Parti_per_milione" title="Parti per milione">ppm</a>) sulla crosta terrestre.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Come anche l'<a href="/wiki/Arsenico" title="Arsenico">arsenico</a>, che lo segue nello stesso <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_dell%27azoto" title="Gruppo dell'azoto">gruppo 15</a>, è un elemento <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monoisotopico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monoisotopico (la pagina non esiste)">monoisotopico</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> l'unico suo isotopo stabile è <sup>31</sup>P. Questo isotopo è anche l'unico presente in natura, per cui il fosforo è anche un elemento <a href="/wiki/Elemento_mononuclidico" title="Elemento mononuclidico">mononuclidico</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (come pure As e <a href="/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto">Bi</a> nello stesso gruppo). Questa circostanza permette di conoscere la sua <a href="/wiki/Massa_atomica" title="Massa atomica">massa atomica</a> con grande <a href="/wiki/Accuratezza" title="Accuratezza">accuratezza</a>: 30,973761998±0,000000005 u.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Questo isotopo <sup>31</sup>P è un <a href="/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide">nuclide</a> dotato di <a href="/wiki/Spin" title="Spin">spin nucleare</a>, il suo valore di 1/2 comporta assenza di <a href="/wiki/Momento_di_quadrupolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Momento di quadrupolo">quadrupolo nucleare</a> e questo permette di usare la <a href="/wiki/Risonanza_magnetica_nucleare" title="Risonanza magnetica nucleare">risonanza magnetica nucleare</a> ad alta risoluzione per i composti del fosforo (<sup>31</sup>P-RMN).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Si conoscono 23 nuclidi del fosforo, aventi <a href="/wiki/Numero_di_massa" title="Numero di massa">numeri di massa</a> compresi tra <i>A</i> = 24 e <i>A</i> = 46.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotopi_artificiali">Isotopi artificiali</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Isotopi artificiali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopi artificiali"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il <sup>29</sup>P (spin 1/2) per il 99,9% dei casi decade per emissione di <a href="/wiki/Positrone" title="Positrone">positrone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Decadimento_beta" title="Decadimento beta">decadimento <i>β<sup>+</sup></i></a>) e, nello 0,08%, per cattura elettronica (<i>ε</i>), per dare in ogni caso <a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">silicio</a>-29, stabile;<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> l'<a href="/wiki/Emivita_(fisica)" title="Emivita (fisica)">emivita</a> complessiva è di soli 4,142 secondi; le <a href="/wiki/Energia_di_decadimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Energia di decadimento">energie rilasciate</a> sono: Q<i><sub>ε</sub></i> = 4 942 keV e Q<sub><i>β</i>+</sub> = 3 920 <a href="/wiki/Elettronvolt" title="Elettronvolt">keV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il <sup>30</sup>P (spin 1) per il 99,9% dei casi decade per emissione di positrone (<i>β<sup>+</sup></i>) e, nello 0,14%, per cattura elettronica (<i>ε</i>), per dare in ogni caso <a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">silicio</a>-30, stabile;<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> l'emivita complessiva è di 2,498 minuti; le energie rilasciate sono: Q<i><sub>ε</sub></i> = 4 232 keV e Q<sub><i>β</i>+</sub> = 3 210 <a href="/wiki/Elettronvolt" title="Elettronvolt">keV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il <sup>32</sup>P (spin 1) decade per emissione di <a href="/wiki/Elettrone" title="Elettrone">elettrone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Decadimento_beta" title="Decadimento beta">decadimento <i>β<sup>−</sup></i></a>) per dare <a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">zolfo</a>-32, stabile, con emivita di 14,26 giorni, rilasciando un'energia di 1 710 keV.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Viene usato nella ricerca <a href="/wiki/Biochimica" title="Biochimica">biochimica</a> come tracciante per <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> e <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a>. </p><p>Il <sup>33</sup>P (spin 1/2), l'isotopo più longevo, decade per emissione di elettrone (<i>β<sup>−</sup></i>) per dare <a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">zolfo</a>-33, stabile, con emivita di 25,34 giorni, rilasciando un'energia di 248,51 keV.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forme_cristalline">Forme cristalline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Forme cristalline" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Forme cristalline"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il fosforo esiste in varie <a href="/wiki/Allotropia_(chimica)" title="Allotropia (chimica)">forme allotropiche</a> identificate dal loro colore: bianco (o giallo), rosso e nero (o violetto). Le due più comuni sono il <i><a href="/wiki/Fosforo_rosso" title="Fosforo rosso">fosforo rosso</a></i>, in realtà violetto, ed il <i><a href="/wiki/Fosforo_bianco" title="Fosforo bianco">fosforo bianco</a></i>, entrambi costituiti da gruppi tetraedrici di quattro atomi ciascuno. Il fosforo bianco brucia spontaneamente all'<a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a> dell'aria sopra i 40 °C; può essere convertito nella forma rossa tramite riscaldamento in assenza di aria. Il fosforo rosso è relativamente stabile e perciò poco reattivo; <a href="/wiki/Sublimazione" title="Sublimazione">sublima</a> a 170 °C e si incendia per impatto o sfregamento. </p><p>Il <i><a href="/wiki/Fosforo_nero" class="mw-redirect" title="Fosforo nero">fosforo nero</a></i> ha una struttura simile a quella della <a href="/wiki/Grafite" title="Grafite">grafite</a> ed è un <a href="/wiki/Semiconduttore" title="Semiconduttore">semiconduttore</a>: gli atomi sono disposti in fogli paralleli di anelli esagonali condensati. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disponibilità"><span id="Disponibilit.C3.A0"></span>Disponibilità</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Disponibilità" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Disponibilità"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Per via della sua reattività, il fosforo non esiste allo stato nativo in natura. È tuttavia ampiamente presente in numerosi minerali. Le rocce fosfatiche, principalmente costituite da <a href="/wiki/Apatite" title="Apatite">apatite</a> (un fosfato di calcio impuro avente la seguente formula molecolare: 3 Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> · CaX<sub>2</sub> dove X può essere ione fluoruro, cloruro, idrossido o ½ ione carbonato) sono un'importante fonte commerciale di questo elemento. Grandi giacimenti di apatite sono stati trovati in <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Cina</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Marocco" title="Marocco">Marocco</a> e negli <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti</a>. </p><p>Il fosforo bianco viene estratto dall'apatite per <a href="/wiki/Arrostimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrostimento">arrostimento</a> in fornace in presenza di <a href="/wiki/Carbone" title="Carbone">carbone</a> e <a href="/wiki/Silice" title="Silice">silice</a>. Il fosforo elementare si libera come vapore che viene raccolto e conservato sotto <a href="/wiki/Acido_fosforico" title="Acido fosforico">acido fosforico</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produzione">Produzione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Produzione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Produzione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La produzione di fosforo consiste in una <a href="/wiki/Riduzione_(chimica)" title="Riduzione (chimica)">riduzione</a> di minerali di fosforo (fluoroapatiti, idrossiapatiti, carbonatoapatiti, etc) detti minerali fosfatici. Li si fa reagire con <a href="/wiki/Quarzite" title="Quarzite">quarzite</a> e <a href="/wiki/Carbone#Coke" title="Carbone">coke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Una volta miscelati e macinati i componenti, vengono caricati in forni elettrici ad arco, questi forni forniscono il calore necessario alla reazione che è <a href="/wiki/Reazione_chimica#Reazioni_endotermiche_ed_esotermiche" title="Reazione chimica">fortemente endotermica</a> (ΔH<sub><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002298000000000000♠"></span>298 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></span></sub> = <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006169500000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">695</span> <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mole" title="Joule per mole">kJ/mol</a></span>). </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {2Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 SiO2 + 10C -> 6CaSiO3 + P4 + 10CO}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>Ca</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>PO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>SiO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>10</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mtext>C</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>CaSiO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>P</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>10</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mtext>CO</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {2Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 SiO2 + 10C -> 6CaSiO3 + P4 + 10CO}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/76f68ffe0a7ca357987c22b93d707715e3cea5c3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:57.979ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {2Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 SiO2 + 10C -> 6CaSiO3 + P4 + 10CO}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Fumo" title="Fumo">fumi</a> che escono vengono depurati dal minerale e da altri reagenti fini trascinati a temperatura tale che il fosforo, condensando, non venga pure abbattuto. L'aeriforme restante è costituito da vapori di fosforo, <a href="/wiki/Monossido_di_carbonio" title="Monossido di carbonio">CO</a> e <a href="/wiki/Tetrafluoruro_di_silicio" title="Tetrafluoruro di silicio">SiF<sub>4</sub></a> e viene inviato in una torre dove viene spruzzata dell'acqua (badando che la temperatura non scenda sotto i 60 °C). Il fosforo così condensa ma non solidifica e si raccoglie sott'acqua. Quest'ultima, per reazione con SiF<sub>4</sub>, si è trasformata in soluzione di <a href="/wiki/Acido_metasilicico" title="Acido metasilicico">acido metasilicico</a> e <a href="/wiki/Acido_fluorosilicico" title="Acido fluorosilicico">fluorosilicico</a>. Il CO, integralmente defosforato e defluorurato, viene anche deumidificato per raffreddamento e usato poi come combustibile. Le scorie prodotte dal forno, costituite essenzialmente da CaSiO<sub>3</sub>, sono buoni additivi per <a href="/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento">cementi</a> e conglomerati bituminosi. Dal basso del forno si scarica anche la lega ferro - fosforo, usata in siderurgia. Il fosforo liquido, trattato con decolorante, viene pompato poi alla filtrazione e successivamente fatto solidificare in forma "bianca" e foggiato in pezzature commerciali sott'acqua o in ambiente di anidride carbonica. Sempre conservato in acqua, il <a href="/wiki/Fosforo_bianco" title="Fosforo bianco">fosforo bianco</a> viene immesso al consumo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applicazioni">Applicazioni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Applicazioni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Applicazioni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'<a href="/wiki/Acido_fosforico" title="Acido fosforico">acido fosforico</a> concentrato (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>) è ampiamente usato per la produzione di fertilizzanti. Oltre a ciò </p> <ul><li>i <a href="/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato">fosfati</a> sono usati nei vetri speciali per le lampade al <a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio">sodio</a>;</li> <li>il fosfato di <a href="/wiki/Calcio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Calcio (elemento chimico)">calcio</a> è usato per la produzione della <a href="/wiki/Porcellana" title="Porcellana">porcellana</a> e per la produzione del mono-fosfato di calcio, usato come lievitante;</li> <li>viene usato nella produzione di <a href="/wiki/Acciaio" title="Acciaio">acciai</a> e <a href="/wiki/Bronzo" title="Bronzo">bronzi</a> speciali;</li> <li>il fosfato trisodico è impiegato per addolcire l'acqua e prevenire le ostruzioni da <a href="/wiki/Calcare" title="Calcare">calcare</a>;</li> <li>il <a href="/wiki/Fosforo_bianco" title="Fosforo bianco">fosforo bianco</a> trova impiego nell'industria bellica per la produzione di ordigni incendiari, bombe fumogene e proiettili traccianti.</li> <li>diversi composti di fosforo sono usati nella produzione di <a href="/wiki/Fiammifero" title="Fiammifero">fiammiferi</a>.</li> <li>il fosforo è utilizzato nel <a href="/wiki/Drogaggio" title="Drogaggio">drogaggio</a> dei <a href="/wiki/Semiconduttore" title="Semiconduttore">semiconduttori</a> per aumentarne la conducibilità.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funzione_biologica">Funzione biologica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Funzione biologica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Funzione biologica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I composti del fosforo sono coinvolti nelle funzioni vitali di tutte le forme di <a href="/wiki/Vita" title="Vita">vita</a> conosciute. Gruppi fosfato sono parte delle molecole del <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, dell'<a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a>, dell'<a href="/wiki/Adenosina_trifosfato" title="Adenosina trifosfato">ATP</a> e dei fosfolipidi. Il fosfato di calcio è un componente essenziale delle ossa. </p><p>Elemento strutturale di <a href="/wiki/Dente" title="Dente">denti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osso" title="Osso">ossa</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cellula" title="Cellula">cellule</a>, il fosforo è un minerale che rappresenta più dell'1% del <a href="/wiki/Peso_corporeo_(fisiologia_umana)" title="Peso corporeo (fisiologia umana)">peso corporeo</a>. Il fosforo è indispensabile in vari processi di produzione di energia (<a href="/wiki/Metabolismo" title="Metabolismo">metabolismo</a> dei <a href="/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi">grassi</a>, dei <a href="/wiki/Glucidi" title="Glucidi">carboidrati</a> e delle <a href="/wiki/Proteine" title="Proteine">proteine</a>) e stimola le contrazioni muscolari; il fosforo è inoltre necessario nella mediazione intracellulare, assicura la funzionalità renale e la trasmissione degli impulsi nervosi. </p><p>Fonti alimentari di fosforo sono <a href="/wiki/Cereali" title="Cereali">cereali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verdura" title="Verdura">verdure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latte" title="Latte">latte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carne" title="Carne">carni bovine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pesce" title="Pesce">pesce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pollame" title="Pollame">pollame</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fabaceae" title="Fabaceae">legumi</a>. Dai 25 anni in poi la dose raccomandata di fosforo è di <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6996799999999999999♠"></span>800 <a href="/wiki/Grammo" title="Grammo">mg</a></span>/<a href="/wiki/Giorno" title="Giorno">die</a>. </p><p>I neonati sino a 6 mesi hanno un fabbisogno di 300 mg/die, mentre dai 6 mesi a 1 anno la dose raccomandata è di 600 mg/die. I bambini da 1 a 10 anni hanno un fabbisogno di 800 mg/die; dagli 11 ai 24 anni il fabbisogno è pari a 1200 mg/die. Sebbene la carenza di fosforo sia rara in quanto il minerale è presente in una grande varietà di alimenti, un'assunzione insufficiente può determinare difficoltà nella crescita, disturbi ossei come l'<a href="/wiki/Osteoporosi" title="Osteoporosi">osteoporosi</a>, alterazioni della conduzione nervosa, stanchezza mentale e fisica. </p><p>Al fosforo e al consumo di pesce è stato attribuito un effetto positivo sull'intelligenza e sulla memoria. Da alcuni studi è emerso che effettivamente il consumo di pesce agevola l'intelligenza verbale e visospaziale,<sup id="cite_ref-corr_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corr-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ma ciò non sarebbe dovuto al fosforo, bensì probabilmente alla funzione di alcuni acidi grassi presenti nel pesce, in particolare <a href="/wiki/Omega-3" title="Omega-3">omega-3</a> e <a href="/wiki/Omega-6" title="Omega-6">omega-6</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-corr_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corr-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Una adeguata quantità di fosforo è necessaria all'assimilazione del calcio. La <a href="/wiki/Fitina" title="Fitina">fitina</a> è necessaria per il metabolismo del fosforo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Precauzioni">Precauzioni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Precauzioni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Precauzioni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Simboli_di_rischio_chimico" title="Simboli di rischio chimico">Simboli di rischio chimico</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="facilmente infiammabile"><img alt="facilmente infiammabile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span>  <br />pericolo <hr /> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_H" class="mw-redirect" title="Frasi H">frasi H</a></th><td><abbr title="Solido infiammabile.">228 </abbr>- <abbr title="Nocivo per gli organismi acquatici con effetti di lunga durata.">412 </abbr><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_R" title="Frasi R">frasi R</a></th><td>R 11-16-50 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Consigli_P" title="Consigli P">consigli P</a></th><td><abbr title="Tenere lontano da fonti di calore, superfici riscaldate, scintille, fiamme e altre fonti di innesco. Vietato fumare.">210 </abbr>- <abbr title="Non disperdere nell'ambiente.">273 </abbr><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_S" title="Frasi S">frasi S</a></th><td>S 7-43-61 </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><hr /> <span style="font-size:90%"><b>Le sostanze chimiche<br />vanno manipolate con cautela</b></span> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="sinottico_piede"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_sul_rischio" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer sul rischio">Avvertenze</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il fosforo bianco è molto velenoso, la dose letale media è di <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6994100000000000000♠"></span>1 <a href="/wiki/Grammo" title="Grammo">mg</a></span>. L'allotropo va conservato sotto acqua e va manipolato solo con pinze, dato che il contatto con la pelle può causare ustioni. L'avvelenamento cronico provoca la necrosi del tessuto osseo. Gli <a href="/wiki/Esteri" title="Esteri">esteri</a> fosforici sono velenosi per il <a href="/wiki/Sistema_nervoso" title="Sistema nervoso">sistema nervoso</a>, mentre i fosfati inorganici sono sostanzialmente atossici. </p><p>Lo sversamento di grandi quantità di fertilizzanti o detergenti a base fosforica causa l'<a href="/wiki/Inquinamento" title="Inquinamento">inquinamento</a> del suolo e l'<a href="/wiki/Eutrofizzazione" title="Eutrofizzazione">eutrofizzazione</a> delle acque. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> N. N. Greenwood e A. Earnshaw, <span style="font-style:italic;">Chemistry of the Elements</span>, 2ª ed., Butterworth - Heinemann, 1997, p. 548, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7506-3365-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ciaaw.org/monoisotopic-elements.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Monoisotopic elements | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ciaaw.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Michael Binnewies, Maik Finze e Manfred Jäckel, <span style="font-style:italic;">Allgemeine und anorganische Chemie</span>, collana <span style="font-style:italic;">Lehrbuch</span>, 3., vollständig überarbeitete Auflage, Springer Spektrum, 2016, p. 18, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-3-662-45066-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-3-662-45066-6">978-3-662-45066-6</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ciaaw.org/phosphorus.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Atomic Weight of Phosphorus | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ciaaw.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">NMR and the periodic table</span>, Acad. Press, 1978, p. 13, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-12-327650-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-12-327650-6">978-0-12-327650-6</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> David G. Gorenstein e Bruce A. Luxon, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374413-5.00242-6"><span style="font-style:italic;">31 P NMR*</span></a>, Elsevier, 1999, pp. 2204–2212, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-374413-5.00242-6">10.1016/b978-0-12-374413-5.00242-6</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-12-374413-5" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-12-374413-5">978-0-12-374413-5</a>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/015.31/index.dm.prod.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for phosphorus-31 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://atom.kaeri.re.kr/cgi-bin/decay?P-29%20EC"><span style="font-style:italic;">Decay information</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">atom.kaeri.re.kr</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/015.29/index.dm.prod.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for phosphorus-29 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://atom.kaeri.re.kr/cgi-bin/decay?P-30%20EC"><span style="font-style:italic;">Decay information</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">atom.kaeri.re.kr</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/015.30/index.dm.prod.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for phosphorus-30 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/015.32/index.dm.prod.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for phosphorus-32 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/015.33/index.dm.prod.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for phosphorus-33 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 1º agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-14"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> F. Albert Cotton, Geoffrey Wilkinson, Carlos A. Murillo e Manfred Bochmann, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedinorgani0000unse"><span style="font-style:italic;">Advanced Inorganic Chemistry</span></a>, 6ª ed., Wiley Interscience, 1999, p. 385, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-471-19957-5" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-471-19957-5">0-471-19957-5</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-corr-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-corr_15-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-corr_15-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corriere.it/salute/nutrizione/09_marzo_10/pesce_intelligenza_adolescenti_elena_meli_4cbc3588-0d97-11de-82af-00144f02aabc.shtml">Corriere della Sera - "Se mangi il pesce diventi più intelligente"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">scheda del fosforo rosso su <cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191016183546/http://gestis-en.itrust.de/"><span style="font-style:italic;">IFA-GESTIS</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gestis-en.itrust.de</span>. <small>URL consultato il 30 giugno 2021</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://gestis-en.itrust.de">url originale</abbr> il 16 ottobre 2019)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Sigma Aldrich; rev. del 23 febbraio 2011</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Francesco Borgese, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.it/books?id=9uNyAAAACAAJ"><span style="font-style:italic;">Gli elementi della tavola periodica. Rinvenimento, proprietà, usi. Prontuario chimico, fisico, geologico</span></a>, Roma, CISU, 1993, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7975-077-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7975-077-1">88-7975-077-1</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTavola_periodica_e_proprietà_degli_elementi" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> R. Barbucci, A. Sabatini, P. Dapporto, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101022060832/http://www.idelsongnocchi.it/online/vmchk/chimica/tavola-periodica-degli-elementi-iupac.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tavola periodica e proprietà degli elementi</span></a>, Firenze, Edizioni V. Morelli, 1998 <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.idelsongnocchi.it/online/vmchk/chimica/tavola-periodica-degli-elementi-iupac.html">url originale</abbr> il 22 ottobre 2010)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciclo_del_fosforo" title="Ciclo del fosforo">Ciclo del fosforo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosforo_bianco" title="Fosforo bianco">Fosforo bianco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosforo_rosso" title="Fosforo rosso">Fosforo rosso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosfolo" title="Fosfolo">Fosfolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosforo_(mitologia)" title="Fosforo (mitologia)">Fosforo (mitologia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluoro" title="Fluoro">Fluoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosforescenza" title="Fosforescenza">Fosforescenza</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Fosforo" class="extiw" title="q:Fosforo">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/fosforo" class="extiw" title="wikt:fosforo">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Phosphorus"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phosphorus?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni sul <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Fosforo" class="extiw" title="q:Fosforo">fosforo</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/fosforo" class="extiw" title="wikt:fosforo">fosforo</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file sul <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phosphorus?uselang=it">fosforo</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforo&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/fosforo"><span style="font-style:italic;">fosforo</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/phosphorus-chemical-element"><span style="font-style:italic;">phosphorus</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070815185434/http://www.itineraribologna.it/storiaecultura/consigliesperto/fosforodibologna.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">La Pietra di Bologna</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">itineraribologna.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 12 giugno 2007</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.itineraribologna.it/storiaecultura/consigliesperto/fosforodibologna.htm">url originale</abbr> il 15 agosto 2007)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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href="/wiki/Template:Elementi_chimici" title="Template:Elementi chimici"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Elementi_chimici" title="Discussioni template:Elementi chimici"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Elementi_chimici&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Tavola_periodica_degli_elementi" title="Tavola periodica degli elementi">Tavola periodica degli elementi</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0; width:20px"><a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">H</a></td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD; width:20px"><a href="/wiki/Elio" title="Elio">He</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio">Li</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Berillio" title="Berillio">Be</a></td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro">B</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio">C</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto">N</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">O</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Fluoro" title="Fluoro">F</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio">Na</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio">Mg</a></td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio">Al</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">Si</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">P</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">S</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Cloro" title="Cloro">Cl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Potassio" title="Potassio">K</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Calcio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Calcio (elemento chimico)">Ca</a></td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Scandio" title="Scandio">Sc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Titanio" title="Titanio">Ti</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">V</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cromo" title="Cromo">Cr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">Mn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro">Fe</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cobalto" title="Cobalto">Co</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel">Ni</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame">Cu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Zinco" title="Zinco">Zn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Gallio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Gallio (elemento chimico)">Ga</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio">Ge</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Arsenico" title="Arsenico">As</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Selenio" title="Selenio">Se</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Bromo" title="Bromo">Br</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Rubidio" title="Rubidio">Rb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Stronzio" title="Stronzio">Sr</a></td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ittrio" title="Ittrio">Y</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Zirconio" title="Zirconio">Zr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Niobio" title="Niobio">Nb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Molibdeno" title="Molibdeno">Mo</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tecnezio" title="Tecnezio">Tc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rutenio" title="Rutenio">Ru</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rodio" title="Rodio">Rh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Palladio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Palladio (elemento chimico)">Pd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Argento" title="Argento">Ag</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio">Cd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Indio" title="Indio">In</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Stagno_(elemento_chimico)" title="Stagno (elemento chimico)">Sn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Antimonio" title="Antimonio">Sb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Tellurio" title="Tellurio">Te</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Iodio" title="Iodio">I</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Xeno" title="Xeno">Xe</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Cesio" title="Cesio">Cs</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Bario" title="Bario">Ba</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lantanio" title="Lantanio">La</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Cerio" title="Cerio">Ce</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimio" title="Praseodimio">Pr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Neodimio" title="Neodimio">Nd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Promezio" title="Promezio">Pm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Samario" title="Samario">Sm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Europio" title="Europio">Eu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinio" title="Gadolinio">Gd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Terbio" title="Terbio">Tb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Disprosio" title="Disprosio">Dy</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Olmio" title="Olmio">Ho</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Erbio" title="Erbio">Er</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Tulio" title="Tulio">Tm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Itterbio" title="Itterbio">Yb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lutezio" title="Lutezio">Lu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio">Hf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tantalio" title="Tantalio">Ta</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno">W</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Renio" title="Renio">Re</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio">Os</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Iridio" title="Iridio">Ir</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Platino" title="Platino">Pt</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oro" title="Oro">Au</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Mercurio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Mercurio (elemento chimico)">Hg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Tallio" title="Tallio">Tl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Piombo" title="Piombo">Pb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto">Bi</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio">Po</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Astato" title="Astato">At</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Francio" title="Francio">Fr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Radio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Radio (elemento chimico)">Ra</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Attinio" title="Attinio">Ac</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Torio" title="Torio">Th</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Protoattinio" title="Protoattinio">Pa</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Uranio" title="Uranio">U</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Nettunio" title="Nettunio">Np</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Plutonio" title="Plutonio">Pu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Americio" title="Americio">Am</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Curio" title="Curio">Cm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Berkelio" title="Berkelio">Bk</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Californio" title="Californio">Cf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinio" title="Einsteinio">Es</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Fermio" title="Fermio">Fm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevio" title="Mendelevio">Md</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Nobelio" title="Nobelio">No</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Laurenzio" title="Laurenzio">Lr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordio" title="Rutherfordio">Rf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnio" title="Dubnio">Db</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgio" title="Seaborgio">Sg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Bohrio" title="Bohrio">Bh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Hassio" title="Hassio">Hs</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerio" title="Meitnerio">Mt</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtio" title="Darmstadtio">Ds</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenio" title="Roentgenio">Rg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Copernicio" title="Copernicio">Cn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Nihonio" title="Nihonio">Nh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Flerovio" title="Flerovio">Fl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio">Mc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Livermorio" title="Livermorio">Lv</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Tennesso" title="Tennesso">Ts</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Ununennio" title="Ununennio">Uue</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Unbinilio" title="Unbinilio">Ubn</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <a href="/wiki/Unbibidi" title="Unbibidi">Unbibidi</a><table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC; width:20px">Ubu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubh</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubs</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubo</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ube</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uth</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uts</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uto</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <a href="/wiki/Superattinidi" title="Superattinidi">Superattinidi</a><table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ute</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqh</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqs</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqo</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqe</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upt</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> Suddivisioni della tavola periodica: <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">Gruppi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Periodo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Periodo della tavola periodica">Periodi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">Blocchi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metallo" title="Metallo">Metalli</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metalloide" title="Metalloide">Metalloidi</a> (semimetalli)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Non_metallo" title="Non metallo">Non metalli</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lantanoidi" title="Lantanoidi">Lantanoidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Attinoidi" title="Attinoidi">Attinoidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Superattinidi" title="Superattinidi">Superattinidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Unbibidi" title="Unbibidi">Unbibidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Elementi_transuranici" title="Elementi transuranici">Elementi transuranici</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=21980">21980</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85101119">sh85101119</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4045855-6">4045855-6</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX534851">XX534851</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX534851">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119329562">cb119329562</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119329562">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007543643705171">987007543643705171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00569477">00569477</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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