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class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotopi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Isotopi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Isotopi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Isotopi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Isotopi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isotopi_stabili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopi_stabili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Isotopi stabili</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotopi_stabili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotopi_radioattivi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopi_radioattivi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Isotopi radioattivi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotopi_radioattivi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produzione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produzione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Produzione</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Produzione-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Produzione</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Produzione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Materia_prima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materia_prima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Materia prima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materia_prima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Processi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Processi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Processi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Processi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produzione_mondiale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produzione_mondiale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Produzione mondiale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Produzione_mondiale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Composti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applicazioni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applicazioni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Applicazioni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applicazioni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Precauzioni_e_tossicologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Precauzioni_e_tossicologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Precauzioni e tossicologia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Precauzioni_e_tossicologia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Precauzioni e tossicologia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Precauzioni_e_tossicologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cromo_trivalente" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cromo_trivalente"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Cromo trivalente</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cromo_trivalente-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intossicazione_acuta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intossicazione_acuta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Intossicazione acuta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intossicazione_acuta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intossicazione_cronica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intossicazione_cronica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Intossicazione cronica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intossicazione_cronica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indicatori_di_dose" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indicatori_di_dose"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Indicatori di dose</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indicatori_di_dose-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cromo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 157 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-157" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">157 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chroom" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AE%E1%88%9A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ክሮሚየም - amarico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ክሮሚየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amarico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromo" title="Cromo - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cromo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्रोमियम - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="क्रोमियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="كروم - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كروم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="كروم - arabo marocchino" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كروم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabo marocchino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="كروم - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كروم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromu_(elementu)" title="Cromu (elementu) - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cromu (elementu)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogel" title="Vogel - kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Vogel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्रोमियम - awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="क्रोमियम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xrom" title="Xrom - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xrom" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium - balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kromium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromyo" title="Kromyo - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kromyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्रोमियम - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="क्रोमियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ခရိုမီယမ် - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ခရိုမီယမ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ক্রোমিয়াম - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্রোমিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%95%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཀོ་ལྕགས། - tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཀོ་ལྕགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrom" title="Hrom - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hrom" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crom" title="Crom - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Crom" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1uk_(g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k)" title="Gáuk (gĭng-sṳ̆k) - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gáuk (gĭng-sṳ̆k)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromyo" title="Kromyo - cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kromyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%86%D9%85" title="کرۆم - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کرۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromu" title="Cromu - corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cromu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chrom" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromiwm" title="Cromiwm - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cromiwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chrom" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%86%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%AF%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ކްރޯމިއަމް - divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ކްރޯމިއަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%8E%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Χρώμιο - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χρώμιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chromium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromio" title="Kromio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kromio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromo" title="Cromo - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cromo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroom" title="Kroom - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kroom" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromo" title="Kromo - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kromo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="کروم - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کروم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromi" title="Kromi - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kromi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrome" title="Chrome - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chrome" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroom_(element)" title="Kroom (element) - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kroom (element)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crom" title="Crom - friulano" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Crom" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B3imiam" title="Cróimiam - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cróimiam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B2mium" title="Cròmium - gaelico scozzese" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cròmium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelico scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromo" title="Cromo - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cromo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A3%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%81" title="વર્ણાતુ - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વર્ણાતુ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromium" title="Cromium - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cromium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chromium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D" title="כרום - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כרום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्रोमियम - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्रोमियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium - hindi figiano" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chromium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi figiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom - alto sorabo" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Chrom" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kw%C3%B2m" title="Kwòm - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kwòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3m" title="Króm - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Króm" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B4" title="Քրոմ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քրոմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromo" title="Chromo - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Chromo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kromium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromo" title="Kromo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kromo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3m" title="Króm - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Króm" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%A0" title="クロム - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クロム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/rogjinme" title="rogjinme - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="rogjinme" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromiyum" title="Kromiyum - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kromiyum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ქრომი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქრომი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurom" title="Kurom - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kurom" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕ್ರೋಮಿಯಮ್ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ರೋಮಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EB%AE%B4" title="크로뮴 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크로뮴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromiom" title="Kromiom - cornico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kromiom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chromium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chrom" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolomiyaamu(Chromium)" title="Kolomiyaamu(Chromium) - ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Kolomiyaamu(Chromium)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroeam" title="Chroeam - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Chroeam" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crommo" title="Crommo - ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Crommo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crom" title="Crom - ladino" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Crom" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B3m" title="Cróm - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cróm" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%A1" title="ໂຄຣມຽມ - lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂຄຣມຽມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromas" title="Chromas - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chromas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hroms" title="Hroms - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hroms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Хрома - moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Хрома" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B4ma" title="Krôma - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Krôma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konukita" title="Konukita - maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Konukita" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium - menangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kromium" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="menangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ക്രോമിയം - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്രോമിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81" title="वर्णातु - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वर्णातु" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - mari occidentale" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kromium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ခရိုမီယမ် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခရိုမီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlap%C4%81ltepoztli" title="Tlapāltepoztli - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlapāltepoztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Chrom" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्रोमियम - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="क्रोमियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroom_(element)" title="Chroom (element) - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chroom (element)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromie" title="Kromie - novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kromie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B2me" title="Cròme - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cròme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrom" title="Hrom - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Hrom" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%AE" title="କ୍ରୋମିୟମ - odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କ୍ରୋମିୟମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਕਰੋਮੀਅਮ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਰੋਮੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्रोमियम - pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="क्रोमियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chrom" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B2m" title="Cròm - piemontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Cròm" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="کرومیئم - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کرومیئم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85" title="کروميم - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کروميم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromo" title="Cromo - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cromo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurumu" title="Kurumu - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kurumu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crom" title="Crom - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Crom" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hromu" title="Hromu - arumeno" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Hromu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्रोमियम - sanscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="क्रोमियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromu" title="Cromu - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Cromu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromu" title="Cromu - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cromu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chromium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrom" title="Hrom - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hrom" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chromium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chr%C3%B3m" title="Chróm - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chróm" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koroomiyaam" title="Koroomiyaam - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Koroomiyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromi" title="Kromi - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kromi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom - saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Chrom" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kromium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromi" title="Chromi - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Chromi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="குரோமியம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குரோமியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="క్రోమియం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్రోమియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="โครเมียม - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โครเมียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromo" title="Kromo - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kromo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krom" title="Krom - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Krom" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="خروم - uiguro" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="خروم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="کرومیئم - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کرومیئم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xrom_(kimyoviy_element)" title="Xrom (kimyoviy element) - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xrom (kimyoviy element)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrom" title="Hrom - vepso" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Hrom" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromi" title="Chromi - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chromi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromo" title="Cromo - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Cromo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铬" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хром - kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Хром" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9D" title="כראם - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כראם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3m%C3%AD%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m%C3%B9" title="Krómíọ̀mù - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Krómíọ̀mù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%BB" title="鉻 - cinese classico" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鉻" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="cinese classico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chromium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%BB" title="鉻 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鉻" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmChiyangqwala" title="UmChiyangqwala - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmChiyangqwala" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q725#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cromo" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Cromo" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cromo"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cromo"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Cromo" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Cromo" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&oldid=144001494" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Cromo&id=144001494&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCromo"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCromo"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Cromo"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Cromo&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chromium" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q725" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r143074810">.mw-parser-output .sinottico{background-color:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;border-spacing:0;clear:right;float:right;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em;margin:0 0 1em 1.5em;width:280px}.mw-parser-output .sinottico caption{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){background-color:#f3f3f3;border-right:1px solid #e5e5e8;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th{border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){padding:.25em .4em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td>hr:only-child{margin:0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico ul{margin:0 0 0 1em;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata{border-spacing:0;margin:0 -.4em;width:calc(100% + calc(.4em*2))}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child{margin-bottom:-.2em}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child>tbody>tr:last-child>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata:last-child>tbody>tr:last-child>th{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_divisione+.sinottico_divisione>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata+.sinottico_divisione>th{border-top:2px solid #f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_divisione th{background-color:#eeeeee;padding:.15em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede{text-align:center;font-size:90%;background:#EFEFEF}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede2{background-color:white;font-size:xx-small;padding-bottom:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_sottotitolo{font-size:80%}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata th{background-color:#dedede;font-size:116%;padding:.2em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testo_centrale{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto" style="width: 300px;"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;">Cromo</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" style="border-collapse:separate;width:248px;background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#a0ffa0, #a0ffa0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="14" rowspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;">  </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="9" rowspan="3" style="border:none;text-align:center;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> <table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:transparent; color:var(--color-base, #202122);"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:10pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent; color:var(--color-base, #202122);"><br />24</td> <td style="font-size:16pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent; color:var(--color-base, #202122);"><b>Cr</b></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td colspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#c0ffff, #c0ffff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Elio" title="Elio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ff6666, #ff6666) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffdead, #ffdead) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Berillio" title="Berillio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccc99, #cccc99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#a0ffa0, #a0ffa0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#a0ffa0, #a0ffa0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#a0ffa0, #a0ffa0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffff99, #ffff99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Fluoro" title="Fluoro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#c0ffff, #c0ffff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ff6666, #ff6666) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffdead, #ffdead) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccccc, #cccccc) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccc99, #cccc99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#a0ffa0, #a0ffa0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#a0ffa0, #a0ffa0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffff99, #ffff99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Cloro" title="Cloro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#c0ffff, #c0ffff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ff6666, #ff6666) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Potassio" title="Potassio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffdead, #ffdead) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Calcio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Calcio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Scandio" title="Scandio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Titanio" title="Titanio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="float: left; width: 7px; height: 10px; font-size: 7px; line-height: 7px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-notice, #72777d)"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Cobalto" title="Cobalto"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Zinco" title="Zinco"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccccc, #cccccc) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Gallio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Gallio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccc99, #cccc99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccc99, #cccc99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Arsenico" title="Arsenico"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#a0ffa0, #a0ffa0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Selenio" title="Selenio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffff99, #ffff99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Bromo" title="Bromo"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#c0ffff, #c0ffff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ff6666, #ff6666) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidio" title="Rubidio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffdead, #ffdead) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Stronzio" title="Stronzio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Ittrio" title="Ittrio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconio" title="Zirconio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Niobio" title="Niobio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Molibdeno" title="Molibdeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Tecnezio" title="Tecnezio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Rutenio" title="Rutenio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Rodio" title="Rodio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Palladio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Palladio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Argento" title="Argento"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccccc, #cccccc) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Indio" title="Indio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccccc, #cccccc) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Stagno_(elemento_chimico)" title="Stagno (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccc99, #cccc99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Antimonio" title="Antimonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#cccc99, #cccc99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurio" title="Tellurio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffff99, #ffff99) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Iodio" title="Iodio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#c0ffff, #c0ffff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Xeno" title="Xeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ff6666, #ff6666) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Cesio_(elemento_chimico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cesio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffdead, #ffdead) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Bario" title="Bario"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffbfff, #ffbfff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanio" title="Lantanio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffbfff, #ffbfff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Cerio" title="Cerio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffbfff, #ffbfff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimio" title="Praseodimio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffbfff, #ffbfff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Neodimio" title="Neodimio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffbfff, #ffbfff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Promezio" 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style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Iridio" title="Iridio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Platino" title="Platino"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: 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9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Hassio" title="Hassio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerio" title="Meitnerio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffc0c0, #ffc0c0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtio" 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background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonio" title="Nihonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#e0e0e0, #e0e0e0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovio" title="Flerovio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#e0e0e0, #e0e0e0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#e0e0e0, #e0e0e0) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorio" title="Livermorio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#fcfecc, #fcfecc) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Tennesso" title="Tennesso"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#e8ffff, #e8ffff) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ff9999, #ff9999) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Ununennio" title="Ununennio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-image: linear-gradient(#ffeedd, #ffeedd) !important; background-blend-mode: multiply;"><a href="/wiki/Unbinilio" title="Unbinilio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">vanadio</a> ← cromo → <a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">manganese</a> </p> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;">Aspetto</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><div class="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aspetto dell'elemento"><img alt="Aspetto dell'elemento" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/250px-Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/330px-Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/500px-Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5279" data-file-height="3153" /></a><figcaption>Aspetto dell'elemento</figcaption></figure>metallo argenteo</div> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><div class="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Linea_spettrale" title="Linea spettrale">Linea spettrale</a></b><br /><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chromium_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Linea spettrale dell'elemento"><img alt="Linea spettrale dell'elemento" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Chromium_spectrum_visible.png/200px-Chromium_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Chromium_spectrum_visible.png/300px-Chromium_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Chromium_spectrum_visible.png/400px-Chromium_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Linea spettrale dell'elemento</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;">Generalità</th></tr><tr><th>Nome, simbolo, numero atomico</th><td>cromo, Cr, 24 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Serie_chimica" title="Serie chimica">Serie</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Metalli_del_blocco_d" class="mw-redirect" title="Metalli del blocco d">metalli di transizione</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">Gruppo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Periodo della tavola periodica">periodo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">blocco</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Elementi_del_gruppo_6" title="Elementi del gruppo 6">6 (VIB)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elementi_del_periodo_4" title="Elementi del periodo 4">4</a>, d </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0" title="Densità">Densità</a></th><td>7 140 kg/m³ </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Scala_di_Mohs" title="Scala di Mohs">Durezza</a></th><td>8,5 </td></tr><tr><th>Configurazione elettronica</th><td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elektronskal_24.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Configurazione elettronica"><img alt="Configurazione elettronica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Elektronskal_24.svg/250px-Elektronskal_24.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Configurazione elettronica</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Termine_spettroscopico" title="Termine spettroscopico">Termine spettroscopico</a></th><td><sup>7</sup>S<sub>3</sub> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;">Proprietà atomiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Peso_atomico" class="mw-redirect" title="Peso atomico">Peso atomico</a></th><td>51,9961 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_atomico" title="Raggio atomico">Raggio atomico</a> (calc.)</th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6990140000000000000♠"></span>140(166) <a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">pm</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_covalente" title="Raggio covalente">Raggio covalente</a></th><td>127 pm </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Configurazione_elettronica" title="Configurazione elettronica">Configurazione elettronica</a></th><td>[<a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a>]3d<sup>5</sup>4s<sup>1</sup> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Elettrone" title="Elettrone">e<sup>−</sup></a> per <a href="/wiki/Livello_energetico" title="Livello energetico">livello energetico</a></th><td>2, 8, 13, 1 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stato_di_ossidazione" title="Stato di ossidazione">Stati di ossidazione</a></th><td>6,<b>3</b>,2 (<a href="/wiki/Acido_forte" title="Acido forte">acido forte</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Cristallo" title="Cristallo">Struttura cristallina</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Reticolo_cubico_a_corpo_centrato" title="Reticolo cubico a corpo centrato">cubica a corpo centrato</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;">Proprietà fisiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stato_della_materia" title="Stato della materia">Stato della materia</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Solido" title="Solido">solido</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Punto_di_fusione" title="Punto di fusione">Punto di fusione</a></th><td>2 130 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (1 860 <a href="/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius">°C</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Punto_di_ebollizione" title="Punto di ebollizione">Punto di ebollizione</a></th><td>2 945 K (2 672 °C) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Volume_molare" title="Volume molare">Volume molare</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6994723000000000000♠"></span>7,23<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−6</sup> <a href="/wiki/Metro_cubo" title="Metro cubo">m³</a></span>/<a href="/wiki/Mole" title="Mole">mol</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Entalpia_di_vaporizzazione" title="Entalpia di vaporizzazione">Entalpia di vaporizzazione</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005344300000000000♠"></span>344,3 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mole" title="Joule per mole">kJ/mol</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Calore_di_fusione" class="mw-redirect" title="Calore di fusione">Calore di fusione</a></th><td>16,9 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Tensione_di_vapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensione di vapore">Tensione di vapore</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002990000000000000♠"></span>990 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Pascal (unità di misura)">Pa</a></span> a 2 130 K </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A0_del_suono" title="Velocità del suono">Velocità del suono</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003594000000000000♠"></span>5<span style="margin-left:.25em;">940</span> <a href="/wiki/Metro_al_secondo" title="Metro al secondo">m/s</a></span> a 293,15 K </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;">Altre proprietà</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Numero_CAS" title="Numero CAS">Numero CAS</a></th><td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="https://iw.toolforge.org/magnustools/cas.php?language=it&cas=7440-47-3">7440-47-3</a></span></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Elettronegativit%C3%A0" title="Elettronegatività">Elettronegatività</a></th><td>1,66 (<a href="/wiki/Scala_di_Pauling" class="mw-redirect" title="Scala di Pauling">scala di Pauling</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Calore_specifico" title="Calore specifico">Calore specifico</a></th><td>450 <a href="/wiki/Calore_specifico" title="Calore specifico">J/(kg·K)</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_elettrica" class="mw-redirect" title="Conducibilità elettrica">Conducibilità elettrica</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006774000000000000♠"></span>7,74<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>6</sup></span> <a href="/wiki/Siemens_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Siemens (unità di misura)">S</a>/<a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">m</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_termica" title="Conducibilità termica">Conducibilità termica</a></th><td>93,7 <a href="/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_termica#Unità_di_misura" title="Conducibilità termica">W/(m·K)</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Energia_di_ionizzazione" title="Energia di ionizzazione">Energia di prima ionizzazione</a></th><td>652,9 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di seconda ionizzazione</th><td>1 590,6 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di terza ionizzazione</th><td>2 987 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di quarta ionizzazione</th><td>4 743 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di quinta ionizzazione</th><td>6 702 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di sesta ionizzazione</th><td>8 744,9 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;">Isotopi più stabili</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr><th>iso</th><th>NA</th><th>TD</th><th>DM</th><th>DE</th><th>DP</th></tr> <tr><td><sup>50</sup>Cr</td><td>4,345%</td> <td colspan="4">È stabile con 26 neutroni</td></tr><tr><td><sup>51</sup>Cr</td><td>sintetico</td> <td>27,7025 giorni</td><td>ε</td><td>0,753</td><td><sup>51</sup><a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">V</a></td></tr><tr><td><sup>52</sup>Cr</td><td><b>83,789%</b></td> <td colspan="4">È stabile con 28 <a href="/wiki/Neutrone" title="Neutrone">neutroni</a></td></tr><tr><td><sup>53</sup>Cr</td><td>9,501%</td> <td colspan="4">È stabile con 29 neutroni</td></tr><tr><td><sup>54</sup>Cr</td><td>2,365%</td> <td colspan="4">È stabile con 30 neutroni</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFC0C0;"><small>iso: <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopo</a><br />NA: abbondanza in natura<br />TD: <a href="/wiki/Emivita_(fisica)" title="Emivita (fisica)">tempo di dimezzamento</a><br />DM: modalità di decadimento<br />DE: energia di decadimento in MeV<br />DP: prodotto del decadimento</small></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il <b>cromo</b> è l'<a href="/wiki/Elemento_chimico" title="Elemento chimico">elemento chimico</a> di <a href="/wiki/Numero_atomico" title="Numero atomico">numero atomico</a> 24, ha un numero di massa (pari alla somma dei suoi neutroni e dei suoi protoni) di 52 e il suo <a href="/wiki/Simbolo_chimico" title="Simbolo chimico">simbolo</a> è <b>Cr</b>. È il primo elemento del <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">gruppo</a> <a href="/wiki/Elementi_del_gruppo_6" title="Elementi del gruppo 6">6</a> del <a href="/wiki/Tavola_periodica_degli_elementi" title="Tavola periodica degli elementi">sistema periodico</a>, facente parte del <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">blocco</a> <i>d</i>. È un metallo di <a href="/wiki/Elementi_di_transizione" title="Elementi di transizione">transizione</a> lucente, di color grigio-acciaio, duro e fragile,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> molto resistente alla corrosione.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il nome deriva dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_greca_antica" title="Lingua greca antica">greco</a> <i>χρῶμα</i> (chrôma), colore, per la varietà dei colori dei suoi composti.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1761" title="1761">1761</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Gottlob_Lehmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Gottlob Lehmann (la pagina non esiste)">Johann Gottlob Lehmann</a> trovò un minerale color rosso-arancio nei <a href="/wiki/Urali" title="Urali">monti Urali</a>, che battezzò <i>piombo rosso siberiano</i>: erroneamente identificato come un composto di <a href="/wiki/Piombo" title="Piombo">piombo</a> con parti di <a href="/wiki/Selenio" title="Selenio">selenio</a> e ferro, il minerale era in realtà un <a href="/wiki/Cromato_di_piombo" title="Cromato di piombo">cromato di piombo</a>. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1770" title="1770">1770</a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Simon_Pallas" title="Peter Simon Pallas">Peter Simon Pallas</a> visitò lo stesso sito di Lehmann e rinvenne un altro "minerale di piombo" color rosso che poteva essere utilmente impiegato come pigmento per vernici. Nello stesso anno <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Sulpice_Beudant" title="François Sulpice Beudant">François Sulpice Beudant</a> attribuì al nuovo minerale il nome di <a href="/wiki/Crocoite" title="Crocoite">crocoite</a>. </p><p>L'uso del piombo rosso siberiano si sviluppò rapidamente; nello stesso periodo un colore giallo brillante ricavato sempre dalla crocoite divenne molto di moda. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Nicolas_Vauquelin" title="Louis Nicolas Vauquelin">Nicolas-Louis Vauquelin</a> ricevette dei campioni di crocoite e riuscì a ricavarne ossido di cromo (CrO<sub>3</sub>) mescolando la crocoite con <a href="/wiki/Acido_cloridrico" title="Acido cloridrico">acido cloridrico</a>; un anno più tardi scoprì che poteva ottenere cromo metallico riscaldando l'ossido in un letto di carbone. Fu anche in grado di rilevare tracce di cromo in alcune gemme preziose, come rubini e smeraldi. </p><p>Durante l'Ottocento la crocoite come materia prima per l'estrazione del cromo fu soppiantata dalla <a href="/wiki/Cromite" title="Cromite">cromite</a> (scoperta nel 1797 ma descritta solo nel <a href="/wiki/1845" title="1845">1845</a> da <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Karl_Ritter_von_Haidinger" title="Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger">Wilhelm von Haidiger</a>), la quale ha contenuto decisamente più alto di cromo (fino a più del 40% in peso, contro un massimo del 16% nella crocoite). </p><p>Durante il <a href="/wiki/XIX_secolo" title="XIX secolo">XIX secolo</a> il cromo fu usato principalmente per preparare vernici e pigmenti vari; oggi l'uso principale del cromo (85% del totale) è per leghe metalliche, con il resto diviso fra l'industria chimica, le fonderie e le fabbriche di laterizi. </p><p>Il nome "cromo" deriva dalla parola greca <i>chroma</i>, che vuol dire "colore", a causa del gran numero di composti vivacemente colorati di tale elemento. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche">Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il cromo è un metallo durissimo, impiegato nelle leghe di acciai inossidabili. Partecipa anche alla formazione di leghe d'<a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio">alluminio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame">rame</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel">nichel</a>. È impiegato come rivestimento protettivo delle superfici metalliche (<a href="/wiki/Cromatura" title="Cromatura">cromatura</a>), che in tal modo acquistano splendore e resistenza alla corrosione. </p><p>Il calore specifico del cromo è 0,45 J/(g·K). </p><p>Gli <a href="/wiki/Stato_di_ossidazione" title="Stato di ossidazione">stati di ossidazione</a> più comuni del cromo sono +2, +3 e +6, di cui +3 è il più stabile; gli stati +4 e +5 sono relativamente rari. I composti del cromo +6 (<a href="/wiki/Cromato" title="Cromato">cromo esavalente</a>) sono potenti ossidanti, e gli effetti tossici e cancerogeni del cromo esavalente sono principalmente imputati a questa caratteristica, rendendolo fortemente aggressivo nei confronti dei sistemi biologici. Allo stato di ossidazione zero (convenzionale) forma il <a href="/wiki/Complesso_(chimica)" title="Complesso (chimica)">complesso</a> <a href="/wiki/Chimica_metallorganica" title="Chimica metallorganica">organometallico</a> <a href="/wiki/Cromo_esacarbonile" class="mw-redirect" title="Cromo esacarbonile">cromo esacarbonile</a>, Cr(CO)<sub>6</sub> e il complesso arenico <a href="/wiki/Dibenzenecromo" title="Dibenzenecromo">dibenzenecromo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotopi">Isotopi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Isotopi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Del cromo si conoscono almeno 26 <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopi</a>, con <a href="/wiki/Numero_di_massa" title="Numero di massa">numeri di massa</a> che vanno da <i><a href="/wiki/Numero_di_massa" title="Numero di massa">A</a></i> = 42, ad <i>A</i> = 67.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tra questi, quelli presenti in natura, e che sono osservativamente stabili, sono i quattro isotopi che seguono, con le loro abbondanze relative in parentesi: <sup>50</sup>Cr (4,345%), <sup>52</sup>Cr (83,789%, il più <a href="/wiki/Abbondanza_isotopica" title="Abbondanza isotopica">abbondante</a>, con <i>N</i> = 28, <a href="/wiki/Numero_magico_(fisica)" title="Numero magico (fisica)">numero magico</a> di neutroni), <sup>53</sup>Cr (9,501%) e <sup>54</sup>Cr (2,365%).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passando dal primo all'ultimo di questi, l'eccesso dei neutroni sui protoni va da 2 a 6. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotopi_stabili">Isotopi stabili</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Isotopi stabili" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopi stabili"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il primo degli isotopi naturali, il <a href="/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide">nuclide</a> <sup>50</sup>Cr è osservativamente stabile ma, dato che il suo decadimento a <sup>50</sup>Ti è energeticamente favorito, si sospetta che possa avvenire.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Le due modalità permesse sono la <a href="/wiki/Doppia_cattura_elettronica" title="Doppia cattura elettronica">doppia cattura elettronica</a> (<i>εε</i>), con rilascio di 1173,3 <a href="/wiki/Elettronvolt" title="Elettronvolt">keV</a> di energia, o anche il modo combinato di <a href="/wiki/Cattura_elettronica" title="Cattura elettronica">cattura elettronica</a> e contemporanea emissione di <a href="/wiki/Positrone" title="Positrone">positrone</a> (<i>εβ<sup>+</sup></i>), con rilascio di <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> di 296,07 keV, mentre il modo di <a href="/wiki/Doppio_decadimento_beta" title="Doppio decadimento beta">doppia emissione di positrone</a> (2<i>β<sup>+</sup></i>) è energeticamente proibito. L'<a href="/wiki/Emivita_(fisica)" title="Emivita (fisica)">emivita</a> stimata del processo è di 1,3×10<sup>18</sup> anni.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gli altri tre isotopi menzionati sono stabili. </p><p>L'isotopo <sup>53</sup>Cr è l'unico ad avere uno spin nucleare (3/2-) e ciò permette di usare la <a href="/wiki/Risonanza_magnetica_nucleare" title="Risonanza magnetica nucleare">risonanza magnetica nucleare</a> per l'elemento cromo (<sup>53</sup>Cr-RMN), ma il suo valore maggiore di 1/2 comporta la presenza di un <a href="/wiki/Momento_di_quadrupolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Momento di quadrupolo">momento di quadrupolo</a> nucleare, che causa allargamento dei picchi; tuttavia, in alcuni casi la tecnica è stata applicata, sebbene solo su campioni allo stato solido.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il <sup>53</sup>Cr è un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuclide_radiogenico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuclide radiogenico (la pagina non esiste)">nuclide radiogenico</a> del cromo, prodotto dal decadimento per cattura elettronica da parte del manganese-53 (<i>T</i><sub>1/2</sub> = 3,7 milioni di anni), un radionuclide ormai estinto. Questo collega gli isotopi di Cr e Mn nelle indagini sui processi di <a href="/wiki/Nucleosintesi" title="Nucleosintesi">nucleosintesi</a> agli inizi della coalescenza del <a href="/wiki/Sistema_solare" title="Sistema solare">Sistema solare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parallelamente, lo studio del rapporto <sup>54</sup>Cr/<sup>52</sup>Cr nelle <a href="/wiki/Condrite_(astronomia)" title="Condrite (astronomia)">condriti carbonacee</a> che si rinvengono nelle <a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">meteoriti</a> riveste importanza per lo studio dell'evoluzione del Sistema Solare.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotopi_radioattivi">Isotopi radioattivi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Isotopi radioattivi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopi radioattivi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il <sup>48</sup>Cr (spin 0), con un numero di protoni e neutroni uguale, non è stabile; decade in modalità coesistente (<i>ε/β<sup>+</sup></i>): principalmente (99,4%) per <a href="/wiki/Cattura_elettronica" title="Cattura elettronica">cattura elettronica</a> (<i>ε</i>), accompagnata in percentuale restante da emissione di <a href="/wiki/Positrone" title="Positrone">positrone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Decadimento_beta" title="Decadimento beta"><i>β<sup>+</sup></i></a>) per dare <a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">vanadio</a>-48 (<a href="/wiki/Energia_di_decadimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Energia di decadimento">Q</a><sub>ε</sub> = 1656 <a href="/wiki/Elettronvolt" title="Elettronvolt">keV</a>, Q<i><sub>β+</sub></i> = 634,01 <a href="/wiki/Elettronvolt" title="Elettronvolt">keV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emivita_(fisica)" title="Emivita (fisica)">T<sub>1/2</sub></a> = 21,56 ore).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Quest'ultimo non è stabile e decade a sua volta, ancora in modalità coesistente (<i>ε/β<sup>+</sup></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Titanio" title="Titanio">titanio</a>-48, stabile.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il <sup>49</sup>Cr (spin 5/2-), decade in modalità coesistente (<i>ε/β<sup>+</sup></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">vanadio</a>-49 (Q<sub>ε</sub> = 2,626 MeV, Q<i><sub>β+</sub></i> = 1,604 MeV, T<sub>1/2</sub> = 42,33 minuti), che poi decade a sua volta, per cattura elettronica (<i>ε</i>), a titanio-49, stabile. </p><p>Il <sup>51</sup>Cr (spin 7/2-), è un isotopo instabile che si trova in mezzo a due stabili: <sup>50</sup>Cr e <sup>52</sup>Cr; decade per cattura elettronica (<i>ε</i>) a <a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">vanadio</a>-51, stabile (<a href="/wiki/Energia_di_decadimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Energia di decadimento">Q</a> = 752,58 keV, T<sub>1/2</sub> = 27,70 giorni).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> È usato da tempo come <a href="/wiki/Radiofarmaco" title="Radiofarmaco">radiofarmaco</a> diagnostico in <a href="/wiki/Ematologia" title="Ematologia">ematologia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nefrologia" title="Nefrologia">nefrologia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Viene anche ampiamente impiegato in saggi di <a href="/wiki/Citotossicit%C3%A0" title="Citotossicità">citotossicità</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il <sup>55</sup>Cr (spin 3/2-), decade <i>β<sup>−</sup></i> a <a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">manganese</a>-55, stabile (Q = 2,603 MeV, T<sub>1/2</sub> = 3,497 minuti).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il <sup>56</sup>Cr (spin 0), decade <i>β<sup>−</sup></i> a <a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">manganese</a>-56 (Q = 1,628 MeV, T<sub>1/2</sub> = 5,933 minuti), che poi decade a sua volta, ancora <i>β<sup>−</sup></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro">ferro</a>-56, stabile.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tutti gli altri isotopi sono molto <a href="/wiki/Radioattivit%C3%A0" title="Radioattività">radioattivi</a>, con emivite di meno di un minuto. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produzione">Produzione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Produzione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Produzione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Materia_prima">Materia prima</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Materia prima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Materia prima"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il cromo si estrae dal suo principale <a href="/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale">minerale</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Cromite" title="Cromite">cromite</a> (FeCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), un ossido misto di Cr(III) e Fe(II) ed anche uno <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_degli_spinelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Gruppo degli spinelli">spinello</a>. Circa metà della cromite estratta nel mondo viene dal <a href="/wiki/Sudafrica" title="Sudafrica">Sudafrica</a>. Altri produttori importanti sono il <a href="/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan">Kazakistan</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> e la <a href="/wiki/Turchia" title="Turchia">Turchia</a>. Esistono molti giacimenti vergini di cromite, ma sono concentrati quasi tutti in Kazakistan e in Sudafrica. La produzione annua nel 2000 è stata di circa 15 milioni di tonnellate, convertita quasi tutta in 40 milioni di tonnellate di lega ferro-cromo con un valore approssimativo di mercato di 2 miliardi di euro. </p><p>I depositi di <a href="/wiki/Cromo_nativo" title="Cromo nativo">cromo nativo</a> puro sono rari: la miniera <a href="/wiki/Trubka_Uda%C4%8Dnaja" title="Trubka Udačnaja">Udačnaja</a> in Russia ne produce piccole quantità. È una miniera di diamanti che sfrutta una vena di <a href="/wiki/Kimberlite" title="Kimberlite">kimberlite</a>, in cui l'ambiente riducente favorisce l'accumulo di cromo metallico puro. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Processi">Processi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Processi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Processi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Riduzione chimica dell'<a href="/wiki/Triossido_di_dicromo" title="Triossido di dicromo">ossido di cromo(III)</a> con <a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio">alluminio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">silicio</a> o <a href="/wiki/Carbone" title="Carbone">carbone</a>: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></span> + 2 Al → <span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></span> + 2 Cr</dd> <dd><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></span> + 3 C → 3 CO + 2 Cr</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Per via <a href="/wiki/Elettrochimica" title="Elettrochimica">elettrochimica</a> è possibile ridurre l'<a href="/wiki/Allume_di_cromo" title="Allume di cromo">allume di cromo</a> e l'<a href="/wiki/Triossido_di_cromo" title="Triossido di cromo">ossido di cromo(VI)</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Chromium_Production_2002.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Produzione mondiale di cromo per nazione"><img alt="Produzione mondiale di cromo per nazione" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/World_Chromium_Production_2002.svg/120px-World_Chromium_Production_2002.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/World_Chromium_Production_2002.svg/180px-World_Chromium_Production_2002.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/World_Chromium_Production_2002.svg/240px-World_Chromium_Production_2002.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Produzione mondiale di cromo per nazione</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrom_-_Trend_F%C3%B6rderung.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Produzione annuale di cromo"><img alt="Produzione annuale di cromo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Chrom_-_Trend_F%C3%B6rderung.svg/120px-Chrom_-_Trend_F%C3%B6rderung.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Chrom_-_Trend_F%C3%B6rderung.svg/250px-Chrom_-_Trend_F%C3%B6rderung.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="520" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Produzione annuale di cromo</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produzione_mondiale">Produzione mondiale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Produzione mondiale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Produzione mondiale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">I maggiori produttori di cromo nel 2019<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Posizione </th> <th>Paese </th> <th>Produzione (Mille tonnellate) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_South_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sudafrica (bandiera)"><img alt="Sudafrica (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudafrica" title="Sudafrica">Sudafrica</a></td> <td align="right">16395 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Turchia (bandiera)"><img alt="Turchia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turchia" title="Turchia">Turchia</a></td> <td align="right">10000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kazakistan (bandiera)"><img alt="Kazakistan (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan">Kazakistan</a></td> <td align="right">6700 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="India (bandiera)"><img alt="India (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/20px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/30px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/40px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td align="right">4139 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Finlandia (bandiera)"><img alt="Finlandia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finlandia" title="Finlandia">Finlandia</a></td> <td align="right">2415 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Brazil.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brasile (bandiera)"><img alt="Brasile (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brasile" title="Brasile">Brasile</a></td> <td align="right">200<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Altri paesi</td> <td align="right">4910 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composti">Composti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Composti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Composti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il <a href="/wiki/Bicromato_di_potassio" title="Bicromato di potassio">bicromato di potassio</a> è un potente agente ossidante ed è il miglior composto disponibile per eliminare ogni possibile composto organico dai vetri di laboratorio, ma è altamente tossico e mutageno<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Il verde cromo è un ossido di cromo, <a href="/wiki/Triossido_di_dicromo" title="Triossido di dicromo">Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></a> usato nelle vernici per miniature, modellismo e pittura su vetro. Il giallo cromo è un pigmento giallo brillante, <a href="/wiki/Cromato_di_piombo" title="Cromato di piombo">PbCrO<sub>4</sub></a>, usato dai pittori. </p><p>L'<a href="/wiki/Acido_cromico" title="Acido cromico">acido cromico</a> ha la formula (ipotizzata) H<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>. Né l'acido cromico né l'acido dicromico sono presenti in natura, ma i loro anioni si possono ritrovare in una gran varietà di composti. Sia il triossido di cromo, CrO<sub>3</sub> (l'<a href="/wiki/Anidride_cromica" class="mw-redirect" title="Anidride cromica">anidride cromica</a>) che l'acido cromico propriamente detto sono venduti industrialmente come "acido cromico". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applicazioni">Applicazioni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Applicazioni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Applicazioni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Utilizzi del cromo e dei suoi composti: </p> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgia</a>, per conferire resistenza alla corrosione ed una finitura lucida: <ul><li>come costituente per <a href="/wiki/Lega_(metallurgia)" title="Lega (metallurgia)">leghe</a> resistenti al calore (grazie alla funzione protettiva dell'<a href="/wiki/Ossido" title="Ossido">ossido</a> Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), come nell'<a href="/wiki/Acciaio_inossidabile" title="Acciaio inossidabile">acciaio inox</a>, nelle leghe per resistenze elettriche al Ni-Cr (80% Ni - 20% Cr) o Fe-Ni-Cr (con tenori massimi del 30%),</li> <li>nella <a href="/wiki/Cromatura" title="Cromatura">cromatura</a>,</li> <li>nell'<a href="/wiki/Alluminio_anodizzato" title="Alluminio anodizzato">alluminio anodizzato</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>Per <a href="/wiki/Smalto" title="Smalto">smalti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Vernice" title="Vernice">vernici</a>. <ul><li>L'<a href="/wiki/Triossido_di_dicromo" title="Triossido di dicromo">ossido di cromo(III)</a> è un lucidante per metalli conosciuto come <i>green rouge</i>.</li> <li>I sali di cromo colorano il vetro di verde smeraldo.</li> <li>Il cromo è responsabile del colore rosso dei <a href="/wiki/Rubino" title="Rubino">rubini</a>, ed è usato nella produzione di rubini sintetici.</li></ul></li> <li>Come <a href="/wiki/Catalizzatore" title="Catalizzatore">catalizzatore</a>.</li> <li>La <a href="/wiki/Cromite" title="Cromite">cromite</a> si usa per fare impasti per la cottura dei <a href="/wiki/Mattone" title="Mattone">mattoni</a>.</li> <li>Sali di cromo si usano nella <a href="/wiki/Concia" title="Concia">conciatura</a> del <a href="/wiki/Cuoio" title="Cuoio">cuoio</a>.</li> <li>Il <a href="/wiki/Bicromato_di_potassio" title="Bicromato di potassio">bicromato di potassio</a> è un <a href="/wiki/Reagente" title="Reagente">reagente</a> chimico ed è anche un agente <a href="/wiki/Titolazione_(chimica)" title="Titolazione (chimica)">titolante</a>. Si usa anche come mordenzante per tinture per stoffa.</li> <li>La <a href="/wiki/Miscela_cromica" title="Miscela cromica">miscela cromica</a> è usata nella pulitura della <a href="/wiki/Vetreria_(chimica)" title="Vetreria (chimica)">vetreria di laboratorio</a>.</li> <li>L'<a href="/wiki/Diossido_di_cromo" title="Diossido di cromo">ossido di cromo(IV)</a> (CrO<sub>2</sub>) si usa come materiale <a href="/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo">magnetico</a> nella fabbricazione di <a href="/wiki/Nastro_magnetico" title="Nastro magnetico">nastri magnetici</a>: grazie alla maggiore <a href="/wiki/Coercitivit%C3%A0" title="Coercitività">coercitività</a> rispetto al <a href="/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro">ferro</a>, i nastri al cromo offrono prestazioni superiori.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Verchromte_Felge.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cerchione cromato"><img alt="Cerchione cromato" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Verchromte_Felge.jpg/115px-Verchromte_Felge.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Verchromte_Felge.jpg/173px-Verchromte_Felge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Verchromte_Felge.jpg/231px-Verchromte_Felge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1826" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cerchione" title="Cerchione">Cerchione</a> cromato</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Motorcycle_Reflections_bw_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Componenti cromati in una motocicletta"><img alt="Componenti cromati in una motocicletta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Motorcycle_Reflections_bw_edit.jpg/120px-Motorcycle_Reflections_bw_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Motorcycle_Reflections_bw_edit.jpg/180px-Motorcycle_Reflections_bw_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Motorcycle_Reflections_bw_edit.jpg/240px-Motorcycle_Reflections_bw_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Componenti cromati in una motocicletta</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Precauzioni_e_tossicologia">Precauzioni e tossicologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Precauzioni e tossicologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Precauzioni e tossicologia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint disclaimer"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/18px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/27px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/36px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Le informazioni riportate non sono consigli medici e potrebbero non essere accurate. I contenuti hanno solo fine illustrativo e non sostituiscono il parere medico: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_medico" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer medico">leggi le avvertenze</a>.</span></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Simboli_di_rischio_chimico" title="Simboli di rischio chimico">Simboli di rischio chimico</a></th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_H" class="mw-redirect" title="Frasi H">frasi H</a></th><td>--- </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_R" title="Frasi R">frasi R</a></th><td>R 40 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Consigli_P" title="Consigli P">consigli P</a></th><td>---<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><hr /> <span style="font-size:90%"><b>Le sostanze chimiche<br />vanno manipolate con cautela</b></span> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="sinottico_piede"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_sul_rischio" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer sul rischio">Avvertenze</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il cromo metallico e i composti del cromo trivalente non sono normalmente considerati pericolosi per la salute, ma i composti del cromo esavalente (cromati e bicromati) sono molto tossici se ingeriti o se i fumi vengono respirati. La dose letale di composti di cromo esavalente è, per esempio, nel caso del bicromato d'ammonio, per somministrazione orale LD50 <190 (Cr<sup>6+</sup>) mg/kg nel ratto. Dimostra irritabilità primaria ed è corrosivo sulla pelle e sulle mucose, può essere mortale se assorbito anche attraverso la pelle e se ingerito; l'inalazione può provocare spasmo dei bronchi, infiammazione ed edema della laringe e dei bronchi, polmonite chimica ed edema polmonare. Presenta frequentemente fenomeni di sensibilizzazione se inalato, e a contatto con la pelle. Si sospetta essere <a href="/wiki/Teratogenesi" title="Teratogenesi">teratogeno</a> ed è classificato come cancerogeno per quasi tutti gli organismi viventi (tra cui anche gli esseri umani). </p><p>Si discute invece se il cromo trivalente sia un oligonutriente essenziale, necessario per il corretto metabolismo degli zuccheri nel corpo umano.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554517">.mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:#ffeaea;color:#444444}.mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#EE0700}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}</style><span class="chiarimento" title="Queste informazioni non sono comprovate da fonti attendibili.">La Food Standards Agency inglese, per esempio ha visto e ricorretto i dati relativi al fabbisogno umano di tale elemento, spesso supplementato nella dieta in forma di <a href="/wiki/Cromo_picolinato" title="Cromo picolinato">cromo picolinato</a> e varie volte accusato di essere al contrario solamente dannoso, o al più ininfluente, se assunto in piccole dosi.</span><sup class="noprint chiarimento-apice" title="Queste informazioni non sono comprovate da fonti attendibili.">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">senza fonte</a></i>]</sup> Non è dimostrato che una carenza di cromo influenzi eventualmente la capacità dell'insulina di regolare il livello di glucosio nel sangue. Diversamente da altri oligominerali, non è stata trovata traccia di atomi di cromo in alcuna <a href="/wiki/Metalloproteina" title="Metalloproteina">metalloproteina</a> dotata di attività biologica e neppure in altri composti attivi. Il ruolo del cromo nel metabolismo degli zuccheri resta dunque, per ora, un mistero o un fatto irrilevante. </p><p>Poiché molti composti del cromo sono stati e sono tuttora usati in colori, vernici e nella concia del cuoio, molti di essi si ritrovano oggi nel terreno e nelle <a href="/wiki/Falda_acquifera" title="Falda acquifera">falde acquifere</a> in siti industriali abbandonati, che ora necessitano di decontaminazione e recupero ambientale. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> l'<a href="/wiki/Organizzazione_mondiale_della_sanit%C3%A0" title="Organizzazione mondiale della sanità">OMS</a> consigliò una <a href="/wiki/Concentrazione_(chimica)" title="Concentrazione (chimica)">concentrazione</a> massima ammissibile per il cromo esavalente di 0,05 mg/l nell'<a href="/wiki/Acqua_potabile" title="Acqua potabile">acqua potabile</a>, sulla base di misure di salvaguardia per la salute. Tale raccomandazione è stata rivista molte volte, ma il valore fissato non è mai stato elevato. </p><p>A partire dal 1º luglio <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> è diventata obbligatoria la <a href="/wiki/Direttiva_dell%27Unione_europea" title="Direttiva dell'Unione europea">Direttiva</a> della <a href="/wiki/Comunit%C3%A0_europea" class="mw-redirect" title="Comunità europea">Comunità Europea</a> 2002/95/CE<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Normativa_comunitaria_RoHS" title="Normativa comunitaria RoHS">RoHS</a>) che vieta l'utilizzo di cromo esavalente come componente nei rivestimenti anticorrosione in vari tipi di apparecchiature <a href="/wiki/Elettrotecnica" title="Elettrotecnica">elettriche</a> ed <a href="/wiki/Elettronica" title="Elettronica">elettroniche</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cromo_trivalente">Cromo trivalente</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Cromo trivalente" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Cromo trivalente"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Risultati contrastanti di studi di tossicità subcronica, cronica e riproduttiva sui sali del cromo solubile (III) e sull'uomo impediscono di determinare il valore massimo di tossicità.<br /> Il gruppo di esperti sulle vitamine e minerali del Regno Unito (EVM) ha definito non tossica una dose di 0,15 mg/kg di peso corporeo / giorno di cromo (III) (o 10 mg / persona / giorno).<br /> L'OMS ha fissato il limite alla supplementazione di cromo a <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6993250000000000000♠"></span>250 <a href="/wiki/Grammo" title="Grammo">μg</a></span> / giorno. </p><p>Più studi hanno affermato che il cromo picolinato monoidrato non è mutageno o cancerogeno, con un ampio margine di sicurezza di 4-5 <a href="/wiki/Ordini_di_grandezza" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordini di grandezza">ordini di grandezza</a>.L'US National Toxicology Programme (NTP) ha accertato nei ratti e topi l'assenza di danni al DNA per la somministrazione equivalente nell'uomo a 50 000 mg/kg della dieta per un periodo di due anni, molto più alto della dose di 250 µg/giorno<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intossicazione_acuta">Intossicazione acuta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Intossicazione acuta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Intossicazione acuta"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La maggior parte dei composti del cromo esavalente sono irritanti per gli occhi, per la pelle e per le mucose, ed un'esposizione cronica ad essi può causare danni permanenti agli occhi, se non adeguatamente curati. L'ingestione di liquidi contenenti cromo (accidentale o a scopo suicidario) provoca gravi gastroenteriti con <a href="/wiki/Nausea" title="Nausea">nausea</a>, dolori addominali, <a href="/wiki/Vomito" title="Vomito">vomito</a> e <a href="/wiki/Diarrea" title="Diarrea">diarrea</a>. A questa fase segue il danno <a href="/wiki/Fegato" title="Fegato">epatico</a> e <a href="/wiki/Rene" title="Rene">renale</a> e <a href="/wiki/Necrosi_tubulare_acuta" title="Necrosi tubulare acuta">necrosi tubulare acuta</a> con sviluppo di <a href="/wiki/Insufficienza_renale_acuta" title="Insufficienza renale acuta">insufficienza renale acuta</a> molto grave e possibile morte. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intossicazione_cronica">Intossicazione cronica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Intossicazione cronica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Intossicazione cronica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il cromo è responsabile di una lunga serie di effetti tossici cronici. Tra questi i più noti sono: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congiuntivite" title="Congiuntivite">Congiutiviti</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cheratocongiuntivite" title="Cheratocongiuntivite">cheratocongiuntiviti</a> croniche</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatite" title="Dermatite">Dermatiti</a> irritative, talora <a href="/wiki/Ulcera" title="Ulcera">ulcerazioni</a> a carico di avambracci, mani e piedi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laringite_cronica" title="Laringite cronica">Laringite cronica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bronchite" title="Bronchite">bronchite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asma" title="Asma">asma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fegato" title="Fegato">Epatopatie</a> e disturbi a carico del <a href="/wiki/Apparato_gastrointestinale" title="Apparato gastrointestinale">tratto gastrointestinale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinite" title="Rinite">Rinite</a> ulcerativa, con possibile <a href="/wiki/Perforazione_del_setto_nasale" title="Perforazione del setto nasale">perforazione del setto nasale</a></li></ul> <p>Il cromo esavalente è inoltre un famoso <a href="/wiki/Agente_cancerogeno" class="mw-redirect" title="Agente cancerogeno">agente cancerogeno</a> per gli esseri umani (gruppo I secondo IARC). Esiste infatti una estesa letteratura scientifica (vedi Bibliografia), dimostrante gli effetti cancerogeni del cromo (VI) sia in esperimenti di laboratorio che come casistica. Il cromo è responsabile di: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carcinoma" title="Carcinoma">Carcinoma</a> dei <a href="/wiki/Seni_paranasali" title="Seni paranasali">seni paranasali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcinoma_del_polmone" title="Carcinoma del polmone">Carcinoma del polmone</a>, soprattutto negli addetti alla <a href="/wiki/Cromatura" title="Cromatura">cromatura</a> elettrolitica e alla produzione dei pigmenti del cromo.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indicatori_di_dose">Indicatori di dose</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Indicatori di dose" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Indicatori di dose"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Per stabilire la possibile esposizione al cromo, si deve procedere alla misurazione del cromo urinario prima e dopo il turno lavorativo. 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font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) PubChem, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/104786"><span style="font-style:italic;">Chromium Cr-51</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</span>. <small>URL consultato il 5 maggio 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Mansour Poorebrahim, Isaac Quiros-Fernandez e Elham Fakhr, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0091679X21000844"><span style="font-style:italic;">Generation of CAR-T cells using lentiviral vectors</span></a>, vol. 167, Elsevier, 2022, pp. 39-69, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fbs.mcb.2021.07.001">10.1016/bs.mcb.2021.07.001</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-323-85501-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-323-85501-3">978-0-323-85501-3</a>. <small>URL consultato il 5 maggio 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/024.55/index.full.dm.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for chromium-55 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 16 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/024.56/index.full.dm.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for chromium-56 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 16 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-chromium.pdf">Statistiche sulla produzione di cromo por USGS</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.br/anm/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/serie-estatisticas-e-economia-mineral/anuario-mineral/anuario-mineral-brasileiro">Anuário Mineral Brasileiro</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc13/icsc1371.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Scheda sul Bicromato di Potassio del CIS (International Occupational Safety and Health Information Centre)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ilo.org</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191016183546/http://gestis-en.itrust.de/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Scheda del cromo in polvere</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">IFA-GESTIS</span>. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2021</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://gestis-en.itrust.de">url originale</abbr> il 16 ottobre 2019)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Office of Dietary Supplements - Chromium</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ods.od.nih.gov</span>. <small>URL consultato il 31 ottobre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070223051903/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/it/oj/2003/l_037/l_03720030213it00190023.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Direttiva della Comunità Europea 2002/95/CE</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">eur-lex.europa.eu</span>. <small>URL consultato il 30 aprile 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/it/oj/2003/l_037/l_03720030213it00190023.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 23 febbraio 2007)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150304051901/http://www.europass.parma.it/page.asp?IDCategoria=584"><span style="font-style:italic;">Parere per la Commissione Europea</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">europass.parma.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 aprile 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.europass.parma.it/page.asp?IDCategoria=584&IDSezione=14715&ID=389308/">url originale</abbr> il 4 marzo 2015)</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Francesco Borgese, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.it/books?id=9uNyAAAACAAJ"><span style="font-style:italic;">Gli elementi della tavola periodica. Rinvenimento, proprietà, usi. Prontuario chimico, fisico, geologico</span></a>, Roma, CISU, 1993, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7975-077-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7975-077-1">88-7975-077-1</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTavola_periodica_e_proprietà_degli_elementi" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> R. Barbucci, A. Sabatini e P. Dapporto, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101022060832/http://www.idelsongnocchi.it/online/vmchk/chimica/tavola-periodica-degli-elementi-iupac.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tavola periodica e proprietà degli elementi</span></a>, Firenze, Edizioni V. Morelli, 1998 <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.idelsongnocchi.it/online/vmchk/chimica/tavola-periodica-degli-elementi-iupac.html">url originale</abbr> il 22 ottobre 2010)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Alfredo Bonsignore e Franco Ottenga, <span style="font-style:italic;">Medicina del lavoro</span>, ECIG, 2002, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-7545-929-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-7545-929-1">978-88-7545-929-1</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> W. Büchner, R. Schliebs, G. Winter e K.H. Büchel, <span style="font-style:italic;">Chimica inorganica industriale</span>, Piccin, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-299-1348-0" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-299-1348-0">88-299-1348-0</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acido_cromico" title="Acido cromico">Acido cromico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromato_di_sodio" title="Cromato di sodio">Cromato di sodio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicromato_di_potassio" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicromato di potassio">Dicromato di potassio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formiato_di_cromo" title="Formiato di cromo">Formiato di cromo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solfato_di_cromo_e_potassio_dodecaidrato" class="mw-redirect" title="Solfato di cromo e potassio dodecaidrato">Solfato di cromo e potassio dodecaidrato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellite" title="Stellite">Stellite</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/cromo" class="extiw" title="wikt:cromo">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Chromium"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chromium?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/20px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/40px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/cromo" class="extiw" title="wikt:cromo">cromo</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chromium?uselang=it">cromo</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cromo&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/cromo"><span style="font-style:italic;">cromo</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Erik Gregersen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/chromium"><span style="font-style:italic;">chromium</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_canadese" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/chromium/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Cromo</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_canadese" title="Enciclopedia canadese">Enciclopedia canadese</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725#P5395" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/24.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Cromo</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodic.lanl.gov</span>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Alamos_National_Laboratory" title="Los Alamos National Laboratory">Los Alamos National Laboratory</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Cr.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Cromo</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">EnvironmentalChemistry.com</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031129195256/http://www.chromium-asoc.com/"><span style="font-style:italic;">International Chromium Development Association</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">chromium-asoc.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 gennaio 2005</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.chromium-asoc.com/">url originale</abbr> il 29 novembre 2003)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele024.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">It's Elemental – L'elemento Cromo</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">education.jlab.org</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031003080624/http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/elements/chromium/chromium.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Cromo nativo</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">mineral.galleries.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 gennaio 2005</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/elements/chromium/chromium.htm">url originale</abbr> il 3 ottobre 2003)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031008230617/http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section1/chapter4/4f.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Manuale Merck – Carenze minerali e tossicità</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">merck.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 gennaio 2005</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section1/chapter4/4f.htm">url originale</abbr> l'8 ottobre 2003)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Elementi_chimici"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; 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Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Tavola_periodica_degli_elementi" title="Tavola periodica degli elementi">Tavola periodica degli elementi</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0; width:20px"><a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">H</a></td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td 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style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">O</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Fluoro" title="Fluoro">F</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio">Na</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio">Mg</a></td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio">Al</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">Si</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo">P</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">S</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Cloro" title="Cloro">Cl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Potassio" title="Potassio">K</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Calcio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Calcio (elemento chimico)">Ca</a></td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Scandio" title="Scandio">Sc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Titanio" title="Titanio">Ti</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">V</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">Mn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro">Fe</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cobalto" title="Cobalto">Co</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel">Ni</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame">Cu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Zinco" title="Zinco">Zn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Gallio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Gallio (elemento chimico)">Ga</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio">Ge</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Arsenico" title="Arsenico">As</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Selenio" title="Selenio">Se</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Bromo" title="Bromo">Br</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Rubidio" title="Rubidio">Rb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Stronzio" title="Stronzio">Sr</a></td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ittrio" title="Ittrio">Y</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Zirconio" title="Zirconio">Zr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Niobio" title="Niobio">Nb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Molibdeno" title="Molibdeno">Mo</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tecnezio" title="Tecnezio">Tc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rutenio" title="Rutenio">Ru</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rodio" title="Rodio">Rh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Palladio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Palladio (elemento chimico)">Pd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Argento" title="Argento">Ag</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio">Cd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Indio" title="Indio">In</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Stagno_(elemento_chimico)" title="Stagno (elemento chimico)">Sn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Antimonio" title="Antimonio">Sb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Tellurio" title="Tellurio">Te</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Iodio" title="Iodio">I</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Xeno" title="Xeno">Xe</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Cesio" title="Cesio">Cs</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Bario" title="Bario">Ba</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lantanio" title="Lantanio">La</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Cerio" title="Cerio">Ce</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimio" title="Praseodimio">Pr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Neodimio" title="Neodimio">Nd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Promezio" title="Promezio">Pm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Samario" title="Samario">Sm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Europio" title="Europio">Eu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinio" title="Gadolinio">Gd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Terbio" title="Terbio">Tb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Disprosio" title="Disprosio">Dy</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Olmio" title="Olmio">Ho</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Erbio" title="Erbio">Er</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Tulio" title="Tulio">Tm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Itterbio" title="Itterbio">Yb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lutezio" title="Lutezio">Lu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio">Hf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tantalio" title="Tantalio">Ta</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno">W</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Renio" title="Renio">Re</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio">Os</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Iridio" title="Iridio">Ir</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Platino" title="Platino">Pt</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oro" title="Oro">Au</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Mercurio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Mercurio (elemento chimico)">Hg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Tallio" title="Tallio">Tl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Piombo" title="Piombo">Pb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto">Bi</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio">Po</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Astato" title="Astato">At</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Francio" title="Francio">Fr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Radio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Radio (elemento chimico)">Ra</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Attinio" title="Attinio">Ac</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Torio" title="Torio">Th</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Protoattinio" title="Protoattinio">Pa</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Uranio" title="Uranio">U</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Nettunio" title="Nettunio">Np</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Plutonio" title="Plutonio">Pu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Americio" title="Americio">Am</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Curio" title="Curio">Cm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Berkelio" title="Berkelio">Bk</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Californio" title="Californio">Cf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinio" title="Einsteinio">Es</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Fermio" title="Fermio">Fm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevio" title="Mendelevio">Md</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Nobelio" title="Nobelio">No</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Laurenzio" title="Laurenzio">Lr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordio" title="Rutherfordio">Rf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnio" title="Dubnio">Db</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgio" title="Seaborgio">Sg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Bohrio" title="Bohrio">Bh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Hassio" title="Hassio">Hs</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerio" title="Meitnerio">Mt</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtio" title="Darmstadtio">Ds</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenio" title="Roentgenio">Rg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Copernicio" title="Copernicio">Cn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Nihonio" title="Nihonio">Nh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Flerovio" title="Flerovio">Fl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio">Mc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Livermorio" title="Livermorio">Lv</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Tennesso" title="Tennesso">Ts</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Ununennio" title="Ununennio">Uue</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Unbinilio" title="Unbinilio">Ubn</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <a href="/wiki/Unbibidi" title="Unbibidi">Unbibidi</a><table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC; width:20px">Ubu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubh</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubs</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubo</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ube</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uth</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uts</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uto</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <a href="/wiki/Superattinidi" title="Superattinidi">Superattinidi</a><table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ute</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqh</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqs</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqo</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqe</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upt</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> Suddivisioni della tavola periodica: <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">Gruppi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Periodo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Periodo della tavola periodica">Periodi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">Blocchi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metallo" title="Metallo">Metalli</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metalloide" title="Metalloide">Metalloidi</a> (semimetalli)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Non_metallo" title="Non metallo">Non metalli</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lantanoidi" title="Lantanoidi">Lantanoidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Attinoidi" title="Attinoidi">Attinoidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Superattinidi" title="Superattinidi">Superattinidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Unbibidi" title="Unbibidi">Unbibidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Elementi_transuranici" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementi transuranici">Elementi transuranici</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA 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style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4147944-0">4147944-0</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12104829h">cb12104829h</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12104829h">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007286324805171">987007286324805171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00567040">00567040</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid 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