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<span>Release</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>King of Jazz</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85)" title="ملك الجاز (فيلم) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ملك الجاز (فيلم)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="جاز سولطانی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جاز سولطانی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Jazz" title="King of Jazz – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="King of Jazz" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzkongen" title="Jazzkongen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jazzkongen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Jazzk%C3%B6nig" title="Der Jazzkönig – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Der Jazzkönig" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_rey_del_jazz" title="El rey del jazz – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="El rey del jazz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="سلطان جاز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سلطان جاز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_F%C3%A9erie_du_jazz" title="La Féerie du jazz – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="La Féerie du jazz" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%82%B9_%EC%98%A4%EB%B8%8C_%EC%9E%AC%EC%A6%88" title="킹 오브 재즈 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="킹 오브 재즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Jazz" title="King of Jazz – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="King of Jazz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il_re_del_jazz_(film_1930)" title="Il re del jazz (film 1930) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Il re del jazz (film 1930)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ملك الجاز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ملك الجاز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzkongen" title="Jazzkongen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jazzkongen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3l_jazzu" title="Król jazzu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Król jazzu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Jazz" title="King of Jazz – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="King of Jazz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Jazz" title="King of Jazz – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="King of Jazz" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazzkungen" title="Jazzkungen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jazzkungen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83" title="Король джазу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Король джазу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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href="/w/index.php?title=The_King_of_Jazz&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="The King of Jazz">The King of Jazz</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1930 American pre-Code musical color film</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">King of Jazz</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:King_of_Jazz_(1930_poster).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/King_of_Jazz_%281930_poster%29.jpg/220px-King_of_Jazz_%281930_poster%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/King_of_Jazz_%281930_poster%29.jpg/330px-King_of_Jazz_%281930_poster%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/King_of_Jazz_%281930_poster%29.jpg/440px-King_of_Jazz_%281930_poster%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Murray_Anderson" title="John Murray Anderson">John Murray Anderson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_MacArthur" title="Charles MacArthur">Charles MacArthur</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Harry_Ruskin" title="Harry Ruskin">Harry Ruskin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Laemmle_Jr." title="Carl Laemmle Jr.">Carl Laemmle Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Whiteman" title="Paul Whiteman">Paul Whiteman</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Boles_(actor)" title="John Boles (actor)">John Boles</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Laura_La_Plante" title="Laura La Plante">Laura La Plante</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jeanie_Lang" title="Jeanie Lang">Jeanie Lang</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Loff" title="Jeanette Loff">Jeanette Loff</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Al_Rinker" title="Al Rinker">Al Rinker</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Harry_Barris" title="Harry Barris">Harry Barris</a><br /><a href="/wiki/William_T._Kent" title="William T. Kent">William T. Kent</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_and_Karla_Gut%C3%B6hrlein" title="Eleanor and Karla Gutöhrlein">Eleanor and Karla Gutöhrlein</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data">Jerome Ash<br /><a href="/wiki/Hal_Mohr" title="Hal Mohr">Hal Mohr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ray_Rennahan" title="Ray Rennahan">Ray Rennahan</a><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data">Robert Carlisle</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data">James Dietrich<br /><a href="/wiki/Billy_Rose" title="Billy Rose">Billy Rose</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Milton_Ager" title="Milton Ager">Milton Ager</a><br /><a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mabel_Wayne" title="Mabel Wayne">Mabel Wayne</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jack_Yellen" title="Jack Yellen">Jack Yellen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ferde_Grof%C3%A9" title="Ferde Grofé">Ferde Grofé</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Color process</th><td class="infobox-data">two-color technicolor (Walter Lantz segment)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production<br />company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data">Universal Pictures</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>April 19, 1930<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1930-04-19</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">105 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English (<a href="/wiki/Synchronized_sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Synchronized sound">synchronized sound</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$2,000,000 (estimated)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b> King of Jazz</b></i> is a 1930 American <a href="/wiki/Pre-Code_Hollywood" title="Pre-Code Hollywood">pre-Code</a> color <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical film</a> starring <a href="/wiki/Paul_Whiteman" title="Paul Whiteman">Paul Whiteman</a> and his orchestra. The film title refers to Whiteman's popular cultural appellation. At the time the film was made, "jazz", to the general public, meant jazz-influenced syncopated dance music heard on phonograph records, on radio broadcasts, and in dance halls. In the 1920s Whiteman signed and featured white jazz musicians including <a href="/wiki/Joe_Venuti" title="Joe Venuti">Joe Venuti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Lang" title="Eddie Lang">Eddie Lang</a> (both are seen and heard in the film), <a href="/wiki/Bix_Beiderbecke" title="Bix Beiderbecke">Bix Beiderbecke</a> (who had left before filming began), <a href="/wiki/Frank_Trumbauer" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Trumbauer">Frank Trumbauer</a>, and others. </p><p><i>King of Jazz</i> was filmed in the early two-color <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a> process and was produced by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Laemmle_Jr." title="Carl Laemmle Jr.">Carl Laemmle Jr.</a> for <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a>. The film featured several songs sung on camera by the <a href="/wiki/The_Rhythm_Boys" title="The Rhythm Boys">Rhythm Boys</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Rinker" title="Al Rinker">Al Rinker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Barris" title="Harry Barris">Harry Barris</a>), as well as off-camera solo vocals by Crosby during the opening credits and, very briefly, during a cartoon sequence. <i>King of Jazz</i> still survives in a near-complete color print and is not a <a href="/wiki/Lost_film" title="Lost film">lost film</a>, unlike many contemporary musicals that now exist only either in incomplete form or as black-and-white reduction copies. </p><p>In 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>King of Jazz</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Revue" title="Revue">revue</a>. There is no narrative continuity, only a series of musical numbers alternating with "blackouts" (brief comedy <a href="/wiki/Sketch_comedy" title="Sketch comedy">sketches</a> with abrupt <a href="/wiki/Punch_line" title="Punch line">punch line</a> endings) and other short introductory or linking segments. </p><p>The musical numbers are diverse in style, adopting a 'something for everyone' approach to appeal to family audiences. They cater to the young, the old, and the middle-aged, each in turn. The slow <i>Bridal Veil</i> number, featuring (according to Universal) the largest veil ever made, exhibits Victorian sentimentality that might best appeal to the elderly. The middle-aged were courted with a tune by <a href="/wiki/John_Boles_(actor)" title="John Boles (actor)">John Boles</a> in a lush setting crooning <i>It Happened in Monterey</i> in waltz time, or in a barn with a chorus of red-shirted ranch hands belting out the <i><a href="/wiki/Song_of_the_Dawn" title="Song of the Dawn">Song of the Dawn</a></i>. The "jazzy" <i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Feet_(song)" title="Happy Feet (song)">Happy Feet</a></i> number was designed to appeal to younger viewers. </p><p>One segment early in the film serves to introduce several of the band's <a href="/wiki/Virtuoso" title="Virtuoso">virtuoso</a> musicians (who are not credited by name). Another provides the audience with a chance to see the Rhythm Boys, already famous by sound but not sight because of their recordings and radio broadcasts, performing in a home-like setting. There are novelty and comedy numbers ranging from the mildly <i>risqué</i> (<i>Ragamuffin Romeo</i>, which features <a href="/wiki/Contortion" title="Contortion">contortionistic</a> dancing by Marion Stadler and Don Rose) to the humorously <a href="/wiki/Sadomasochism" title="Sadomasochism">sadomasochistic</a> (the second chorus of <i>I Like to Do Things for You</i>) to the simply silly (<i>I'm a Fisherman</i>). There is a line of chorus girls, practically mandatory in early musicals, but in their featured spot the novelty is that they perform the choreography while seated. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Technicolor_is_natural_color%22_Paul_Whiteman_stars_in_the_King_of_Jazz_-_from,_The_Film_Daily,_Jul-Dec_1930_(page_218_crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/%22Technicolor_is_natural_color%22_Paul_Whiteman_stars_in_the_King_of_Jazz_-_from%2C_The_Film_Daily%2C_Jul-Dec_1930_%28page_218_crop%29.jpg/220px-%22Technicolor_is_natural_color%22_Paul_Whiteman_stars_in_the_King_of_Jazz_-_from%2C_The_Film_Daily%2C_Jul-Dec_1930_%28page_218_crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="427" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/%22Technicolor_is_natural_color%22_Paul_Whiteman_stars_in_the_King_of_Jazz_-_from%2C_The_Film_Daily%2C_Jul-Dec_1930_%28page_218_crop%29.jpg/330px-%22Technicolor_is_natural_color%22_Paul_Whiteman_stars_in_the_King_of_Jazz_-_from%2C_The_Film_Daily%2C_Jul-Dec_1930_%28page_218_crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/%22Technicolor_is_natural_color%22_Paul_Whiteman_stars_in_the_King_of_Jazz_-_from%2C_The_Film_Daily%2C_Jul-Dec_1930_%28page_218_crop%29.jpg/440px-%22Technicolor_is_natural_color%22_Paul_Whiteman_stars_in_the_King_of_Jazz_-_from%2C_The_Film_Daily%2C_Jul-Dec_1930_%28page_218_crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1485" data-file-height="2880" /></a><figcaption>Paul Whiteman stars in the King of Jazz ad from <i><a href="/wiki/The_Film_Daily" title="The Film Daily">The Film Daily</a></i>, 1930</figcaption></figure> <p>The grand finale is the <i>Melting Pot of Music</i> production number, in which various immigrant groups in national costume offer brief renditions of characteristic songs from their native lands, after which they are all consigned to the American <a href="/wiki/Melting_Pot" class="mw-redirect" title="Melting Pot">Melting Pot</a>. Performers from some of the earlier musical numbers briefly reprise their acts while reporting for duty as fuel under the pot. Whiteman stirs the steaming stew. When the cooking is complete, everyone emerges transformed into a jazz-happy American. </p><p>There are a couple of early examples of the overhead views later elaborated and made famous by <a href="/wiki/Busby_Berkeley" title="Busby Berkeley">Busby Berkeley</a>, but this film bears little resemblance to his films and other musicals of the later 1930s. It is very much a stage presentation, albeit on a very large stage, and visual interest is maintained only by changes of viewpoint. The cameras do not move. This is not because the Technicolor cameras were heavy and bulky. The cameras used for this early Technicolor process contained a single roll of film and were of nearly ordinary size and weight. </p><p><i>King of Jazz</i> was the nineteenth all-talking motion picture filmed entirely in two-color <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a> rather than simply including color sequences. At the time, Technicolor's two-color process employed red and green dyes, each with a dash of other colors mixed in, but no blue dye. <i>King of Jazz</i> was to showcase a spectacular presentation of <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_in_Blue" title="Rhapsody in Blue">Rhapsody in Blue</a></i>, so this presented a problem. Fortunately, the green dye Technicolor used can actually appear peacock blue (cyan) under some conditions,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but acceptable results in this case would require very careful handling. Art director <a href="/wiki/Herman_Rosse" title="Herman Rosse">Herman Rosse</a> and production director <a href="/wiki/John_Murray_Anderson" title="John Murray Anderson">John Murray Anderson</a> came up with solutions. Tests were made of various fabrics and pigments, and by using an all gray-and-silver background the bluish aspect of the dye was set off to best advantage. Filters were also used to inject pale blues into the scene being filmed. The goal was to produce a finished film with pastel shades rather than bright colors. Nevertheless, as it appears in an original two-color Technicolor print, the sequence might best be described as a "Rhapsody in Turquoise". Later prints made from the original two-component negative, which had survived, make the blues look truer and more saturated than they appeared to audiences in 1930. </p><p><i>King of Jazz</i> marked the first film appearance of the popular <a href="/wiki/Crooner" title="Crooner">crooner</a> and singer <a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who, at the time, was a member of The Rhythm Boys, the Whiteman Orchestra's vocal trio. Crosby was scheduled to sing "Song of the Dawn" in the film but a motor accident led to him being jailed for a time and the song was given to John Boles.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Composer <a href="/wiki/Ferde_Grof%C3%A9" title="Ferde Grofé">Ferde Grofé</a>, best known for his <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon_Suite" title="Grand Canyon Suite">Grand Canyon Suite</a></i>, was, in these early years, a well known arranger/songwriter for Whiteman. He is documented to have arranged some of the music, and may in fact have composed some of the incidental music. </p><p>The film preserves a <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a> bit by Whiteman band trombonist <a href="/wiki/Wilbur_Hall_(musician)" title="Wilbur Hall (musician)">Wilbur Hall</a>, who does novelty playing on violin and bicycle pump, as well as the eccentric dancing of "Rubber Legs" Al Norman to the tune of <i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Feet_(song)" title="Happy Feet (song)">Happy Feet</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Versions">Versions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were at least nine different <a href="/wiki/Multiple-language_version" title="Multiple-language version">foreign language versions</a> of the film. Reportedly, the Swedish version has at least some different music. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animated_segment">Animated segment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Animated segment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The film included the first <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a> animated cartoon segment, by animators <a href="/wiki/Walter_Lantz" title="Walter Lantz">Walter Lantz</a> (later famous for <a href="/wiki/Woody_Woodpecker" title="Woody Woodpecker">Woody Woodpecker</a> and other characters) and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nolan_(animator)" title="Bill Nolan (animator)">Bill Nolan</a>. In this cartoon, Whiteman is hunting "in darkest Africa", where he is chased by a lion which he soothes by playing a tune on a violin (<i>Music Hath Charms</i>, played by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Venuti" title="Joe Venuti">Joe Venuti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Lang" title="Eddie Lang">Eddie Lang</a>). After an elephant squirts water on a monkey in a tree, the monkey throws a coconut at the elephant. It misses and hits Whiteman on the head. The bump on his head forms into a crown. Master of Ceremonies Charles Irwin then remarks, "And that's how Paul Whiteman was crowned the King of Jazz." </p><p>One of the characters making a brief appearance in the cartoon is <a href="/wiki/Oswald_the_Lucky_Rabbit" title="Oswald the Lucky Rabbit">Oswald the Lucky Rabbit</a>, the star of the Universal Studios animation department led by Lantz. A black-and-white sound cartoon featuring Oswald, titled My Pal Paul, also released in 1930 by Universal, promoted King of Jazz by including songs from the film and a cartoon Paul Whiteman character. </p><p>Some of the scenes from the animated cartoon sequence would be later re-used for a later Walter Lantz Oswald Cartoon, <i><a href="/wiki/Africa_(1930_film)" title="Africa (1930 film)">Africa</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soundtrack">Soundtrack</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Soundtrack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>King of Jazz</i> was the first feature-length film to use a mostly pre-recorded soundtrack made independently of the actual filming. Whiteman insisted that musical numbers featuring his orchestra should be pre-recorded to obtain the best sound, avoiding the poor recording conditions and extraneous noises typical of a movie studio <a href="/wiki/Sound_stage" title="Sound stage">sound stage</a>. Universal opposed the idea, but Whiteman prevailed over the reluctant studio executives. After the sound was recorded, it was played back through a <a href="/wiki/Loudspeaker" title="Loudspeaker">loudspeaker</a> while the scene was being filmed and the performers matched their actions to the recording. Later, the resulting film was <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/synchronized" class="extiw" title="wikt:synchronized">synchronized</a> with the soundtrack. This also allowed the scene to be shot in the same manner as a silent film, with the director free to shout out instructions during the filming and the camera unrestricted by any need to silence its noises with bulky soundproofing. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/The_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg/180px-The_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/The_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg/270px-The_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/The_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg/360px-The_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="423" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">The Rhythm Boys</div></figcaption></figure> <p>Delbert Cobain, one of the singers in the film who appeared in the finale "Melting Pot of Music" singing "Killarney" in Irish, is notable as being the great-uncle of musician <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Cobain" title="Kurt Cobain">Kurt Cobain</a> (the late vocalist and guitarist of <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Aberdeen_Washington_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aberdeen_Washington-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Rhythm_Boys">The Rhythm Boys</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Rhythm Boys"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Brox_Sisters_and_the_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/The_Brox_Sisters_and_the_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg/180px-The_Brox_Sisters_and_the_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/The_Brox_Sisters_and_the_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg/270px-The_Brox_Sisters_and_the_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/The_Brox_Sisters_and_the_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg/360px-The_Brox_Sisters_and_the_Rhythm_Boys_in_King_of_Jazz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">The Brox Sisters and the Rhythm Boys</div></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/The_Rhythm_Boys" title="The Rhythm Boys">The Rhythm Boys</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Barris" title="Harry Barris">Harry Barris</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Al_Rinker" title="Al Rinker">Al Rinker</a>) sang <i><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Mud" title="Mississippi Mud">Mississippi Mud</a></i>, <i>So the Bluebirds and the Blackbirds Got Together</i>, <i>I'm a Fisherman</i>, <i>A Bench in the Park</i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Feet_(song)" title="Happy Feet (song)">Happy Feet</a></i> in the film. This singing trio also recorded as part of Whiteman's band and on their own with Barris on piano. Bing Crosby went on several benders during the filming, crashed his car on Hollywood Boulevard, nearly killing his female passenger, and after showing up in golf attire, and wise-cracking to a judge, was sent to jail for 60 days. Whiteman replaced him with John Boles for "The Song Of The Dawn".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release">Release</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Release"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm/220px-seek%3D220-King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="167" data-durationhint="224" data-mwtitle="King_of_Jazz_(1930)_-_Trailer.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:King_of_Jazz_(1930)_-_Trailer.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="632" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="948" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="948" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="190" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="316" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="474" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm/King_of_Jazz_%281930%29_-_Trailer.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="474" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption><b>PLAY</b> film's original trailer; runtime 00:03:42.</figcaption></figure> <p>The film debuted on April 19, 1930, at the Criterion Theater in Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Box-office receipts at this theater were below expectations within the first two weeks. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_of_Jazz_Roxy_1930.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/King_of_Jazz_Roxy_1930.png/220px-King_of_Jazz_Roxy_1930.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/King_of_Jazz_Roxy_1930.png/330px-King_of_Jazz_Roxy_1930.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/King_of_Jazz_Roxy_1930.png/440px-King_of_Jazz_Roxy_1930.png 2x" data-file-width="1998" data-file-height="1422" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marquee_(structure)" title="Marquee (structure)">Marquee</a> announcing the film's second and final week at the <a href="/wiki/Roxy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Roxy Theatre (New York City)">Roxy Theatre</a> in New York City.</figcaption></figure> <p>A grand premiere was held on May 2, 1930, at the <a href="/wiki/Roxy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Roxy Theatre (New York City)">Roxy Theatre</a> in New York City,<sup id="cite_ref-nysun_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nysun-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where the Whiteman Orchestra, together with <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a> and the 125-piece Roxy Symphony Orchestra, put on a stage show. It featured the <i><a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_in_Blue" title="Rhapsody in Blue">Rhapsody in Blue</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Mildred_Bailey" title="Mildred Bailey">Mildred Bailey</a> backed by the Roxy Chorus and was performed five times a day, between showings of the film, for a week.<sup id="cite_ref-nysun_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nysun-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film continued to play at the Roxy for only one additional week. </p><p>As originally released, the film was 105 minutes long. The 1933 reissue was 65 minutes. Several entire sequences and numbers were removed for the reissue, while others were trimmed of just a few shots. One cut for the 1933 re-release was a sketch with William Kent about a suicidal flute player, with the Whiteman Orchestra performing Caprice Viennois as background music. </p><p>The 2016 restoration runs 98 minutes with two minutes of playout music. Some sections were cut before the film's 1930 release and never seen by the general public. They include: </p> <ul><li>A specialty number featuring <a href="/wiki/Nell_O%27Day" title="Nell O'Day">Nell O'Day</a>, with unknown music, set in a <a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">cabaret</a> lobby.</li> <li>A segment featuring Grace Hayes singing <i>My Lover</i>.</li></ul> <p>A 93-minute version, cobbled together from the 65-minute negative and a 16mm print was used for the <a href="/wiki/Videotape#VCRs" title="Videotape">videocassette</a> release of the film in 1983. Prints of the original uncut version still survive. The <a href="/wiki/Criterion_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Criterion Collection">Criterion Collection</a> had released the film on DVD and Blu-ray in March 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-undertheradarmag_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undertheradarmag-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Blu-ray version has a 4K restoration of the film and includes both the original film and two <a href="/wiki/Oswald_the_Lucky_Rabbit" title="Oswald the Lucky Rabbit">Oswald the Lucky Rabbit</a> cartoons as well as both 1929 stage version and 1933 short featuring Whiteman and his band.<sup id="cite_ref-undertheradarmag_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-undertheradarmag-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_of_Jazz_(1930_window_card).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/King_of_Jazz_%281930_window_card%29.jpg/180px-King_of_Jazz_%281930_window_card%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/King_of_Jazz_%281930_window_card%29.jpg/270px-King_of_Jazz_%281930_window_card%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/King_of_Jazz_%281930_window_card%29.jpg/360px-King_of_Jazz_%281930_window_card%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Theatrical release window card poster</figcaption></figure> <p>Universal expected this <a href="/wiki/Revue" title="Revue">revue</a> to repeat or surpass the box-office performance of a musical entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(1929_film)" title="Broadway (1929 film)">Broadway</a></i> which it had released in 1929. That lavish film had included <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a> sequences and had been a success. Unfortunately, delays in beginning the filming of <i>King of Jazz</i> caused its release to occur after two unforeseen developments. First, the public had tired of the flood of movie musicals that began as a slow trickle with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jazz_Singer" title="The Jazz Singer">The Jazz Singer</a></i> in late 1927 and rapidly became a torrent after the success of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Broadway_Melody" title="The Broadway Melody">The Broadway Melody</a></i> in early 1929. In particular disfavor were operettas set in bygone eras, musical comedies which were unimaginatively filmed <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> stage productions, and plotless "revues" such as <i>King of Jazz</i>. Second, although the ripple effects from the stock market crash in October 1929 had not yet produced the full-blown <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">depression</a> which would soon be painfully obvious, people were already spending less freely and the effects were starting to be felt at the box office. During its national release, King of Jazz cleared less than $900,000. Around Hollywood, the movie came to be called "Universal's Rhapsody in the Red". Because of poor box-office receipts for the film and the cancellation of his lucrative nationally broadcast radio program by its sponsor in April 1930, Whiteman had to let ten band members go and cut the salaries of the remaining band members by fifteen percent. </p><p>The film received mixed reviews. A reviewer for <i>The New Movie</i> called it a lavish, over-produced "disappointment"; an overlong, "dull mélange" whose only effective performers were Whiteman and John Boles.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, the New York Times asserted that "John Murray Anderson's initial contribution to the audible screen, 'King of Jazz,' with the rotund Paul Whiteman, reveals this director to be a magician of far greater powers than one imagined, even from his stage compositions." This Technicolor potpourri of songs, dancing and fun is a marvel of camera wizardry, joyous color schemes, charming costumes and seductive lighting effects." The reviewer, <a href="/wiki/Mordaunt_Hall" title="Mordaunt Hall">Mordaunt Hall</a>, further praised the film for having "nothing imitative," added that "Mr. Anderson has visualized the full possibilities of the camera in connection with his flights of fancy," and concluded "there is no sequence that isn't worth witnessing and no performance that is not capable in this fastpaced picture."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Overseas, where there was never a backlash against musicals, it fared better and eventually made a profit. During the 1930s, the film found its best audience in <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, South Africa, where it played seventeen return engagements. </p><p>The film won an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Production_Design" title="Academy Award for Best Production Design">Best Art Direction</a> by <a href="/wiki/Herman_Rosse" title="Herman Rosse">Herman Rosse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_Times_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY_Times-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other films nominated in this category were <i><a href="/wiki/Bulldog_Drummond_(1929_film)" title="Bulldog Drummond (1929 film)">Bulldog Drummond</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Love_Parade" title="The Love Parade">The Love Parade</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sally_(1929_film)" title="Sally (1929 film)">Sally</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vagabond_King_(1930_film)" title="The Vagabond King (1930 film)">The Vagabond King</a></i>. </p><p>In 2016 the film was included in the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>'s <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> after a significant restoration in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_early_color_feature_films" title="List of early color feature films">List of early color feature films</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Whiteman Film Due Tomorrow." <i>Los Angeles Times</i> April 18, 1930: A9. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/variety99-1930-05/page/n141/mode/1up?q=%22picture+cost%22">"Inside Stuff - Pictures"</a>. <i>Variety</i>. May 14, 1930. p. 62.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Inside+Stuff+-+Pictures&rft.pages=62&rft.date=1930-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvariety99-1930-05%2Fpage%2Fn141%2Fmode%2F1up%3Fq%3D%2522picture%2Bcost%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_O'Sullivan2013" class="citation news cs1">Michael O'Sullivan (December 18, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/movies/library-of-congress-announces-2013-national-film-registry-selections/2013/12/17/eba98bce-6737-11e3-ae56-22de072140a2_story.html">"Library of Congress announces 2013 National Film Registry selections"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Library+of+Congress+announces+2013+National+Film+Registry+selections&rft.date=2013-12-18&rft.au=Michael+O%27Sullivan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Flibrary-of-congress-announces-2013-national-film-registry-selections%2F2013%2F12%2F17%2Feba98bce-6737-11e3-ae56-22de072140a2_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/">"Complete National Film Registry Listing"</a>. <i>Library of Congress</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=Complete+National+Film+Registry+Listing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fprograms%2Fnational-film-preservation-board%2Ffilm-registry%2Fcomplete-national-film-registry-listing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedman, J: <i>History of Color Photography</i>, The American Photographic Publishing Company, Boston, second printing, 1945. Friedman, who joined the Technicolor Corporation in 1929, specifies (on page 480) Pontacyl green with a small admixture of Metanil yellow for the green dye bath in a two-color process, but also prescribes (on page 481) Pontacyl green in combination with Fast acid green for the cyan dye bath in a three-color process. Many synthetic dyes have dichroic characteristics and can appear as strikingly different colors in different concentrations. Various artificial light sources can also have a significant impact on their appearance.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green, Stanley (1999) <i>Hollywood Musicals Year by Year</i> (2nd ed.), pub. Hal Leonard Corporation <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-634-00765-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-634-00765-3">0-634-00765-3</a> p. 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiddins2001" class="citation book cs1">Giddins, Gary (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bingcrosbypocket00gidd_0"><i>A Pocketful of Dreams</i></a></span>. New York: Little, Brown and Company. pp. 208–211. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-316-88188-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-316-88188-0"><bdi>0-316-88188-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Pocketful+of+Dreams&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=208-211&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-316-88188-0&rft.aulast=Giddins&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbingcrosbypocket00gidd_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aberdeen_Washington-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Aberdeen_Washington_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/washington/aberdeen-wa">"Aberdeen Washington"</a>. <i>www.destination360.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.destination360.com&rft.atitle=Aberdeen+Washington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.destination360.com%2Fnorth-america%2Fus%2Fwashington%2Faberdeen-wa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nysun-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nysun_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nysun_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Creelman, Eileen. "Picture Plays and Players." <i>New York Sun</i> May 2, 1930: 21. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hall, Mordaunt. "The Screen." <i>New York Times</i> May 3, 1930: 26. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-undertheradarmag-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-undertheradarmag_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-undertheradarmag_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://undertheradarmag.com/reviews/king_of_jazz">"King of Jazz (1930)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Radar_(magazine)" title="Under the Radar (magazine)">Under the Radar</a></i>. March 16, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Under+the+Radar&rft.atitle=King+of+Jazz+%281930%29&rft.date=2018-03-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fundertheradarmag.com%2Freviews%2Fking_of_jazz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/newmoviemagazine02weir#page/n91/mode/2up/search/jazz">"All You Want to Know About the New Pictures"</a>. <i>The New Movie</i>. Jamaica, NY: Tower Magazines, Inc. July 1930<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Movie&rft.atitle=All+You+Want+to+Know+About+the+New+Pictures&rft.date=1930-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fnewmoviemagazine02weir%23page%2Fn91%2Fmode%2F2up%2Fsearch%2Fjazz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall,_Mordaunt1930" class="citation news cs1">Hall, Mordaunt (May 3, 1930). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1930/05/03/archives/the-screen-a-sparkling-extravaganza-the-living-corpse.html">"The Screen: A Sparkling Extravaganza"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Screen%3A+A+Sparkling+Extravaganza.&rft.date=1930-05-03&rft.au=Hall%2C+Mordaunt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1930%2F05%2F03%2Farchives%2Fthe-screen-a-sparkling-extravaganza-the-living-corpse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY_Times-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_Times_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120620210052/https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/27429/King-of-Jazz/details">"NY Times: King of Jazz"</a>. Movies & TV Dept. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/27429/King-of-Jazz/details">the original</a> on June 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=NY+Times%3A+King+of+Jazz&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2F27429%2FKing-of-Jazz%2Fdetails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._Hoberman2016" class="citation news cs1">J. Hoberman (May 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/11/movies/king-of-jazz-is-back-burnished-for-movie-fans.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'King of Jazz' Is Back, Burnished for Movie Fans"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27King+of+Jazz%27+Is+Back%2C+Burnished+for+Movie+Fans&rft.date=2016-05-10&rft.au=J.+Hoberman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F05%2F11%2Fmovies%2Fking-of-jazz-is-back-burnished-for-movie-fans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaytonPierce2016" class="citation book cs1">Layton, James; Pierce, David (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wckNkAEACAAJ"><i>King of Jazz: Paul Whiteman's Technicolor Revue</i></a>. Media History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9973801-0-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9973801-0-1"><bdi>978-0-9973801-0-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+of+Jazz%3A+Paul+Whiteman%27s+Technicolor+Revue&rft.pub=Media+History+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-9973801-0-1&rft.aulast=Layton&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Pierce%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwckNkAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+of+Jazz" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=King_of_Jazz&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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