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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960s–1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s–1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 1960s–1990s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s–1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 2000–present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2016–2018_changes_and_brief_ending_of_full-frontal_nudity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016–2018_changes_and_brief_ending_of_full-frontal_nudity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.1 2016–2018 changes and brief ending of full-frontal nudity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016–2018_changes_and_brief_ending_of_full-frontal_nudity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online-only" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online-only"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.2 Online-only </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online-only-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publicly_traded" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publicly_traded"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.3 Publicly traded </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publicly_traded-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Circulation_history_and_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circulation_history_and_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Circulation history and statistics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circulation_history_and_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features_and_format" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features_and_format"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Features and format </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features_and_format-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Features and format subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Features_and_format-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rabbit_logo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rabbit_logo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Rabbit logo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rabbit_logo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Playboy_Interview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Playboy_Interview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 The Playboy Interview </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Playboy_Interview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rock_the_Rabbit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rock_the_Rabbit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Rock the Rabbit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rock_the_Rabbit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photographers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photographers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Photographers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Photographers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Celebrities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celebrities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Celebrities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celebrities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Other editions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_editions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Other editions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Other_editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Playboy_Special_Editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playboy_Special_Editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Playboy Special Editions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Playboy_Special_Editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Braille" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Braille"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Braille </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Braille-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 International editions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.1 Current </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2 Former </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Online </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litigation_and_legal_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litigation_and_legal_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Litigation and legal issues </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Litigation_and_legal_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Litigation and legal issues subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Litigation_and_legal_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Censorship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Censorship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Censorship </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Censorship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Female_perspectives_and_experiences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Female_perspectives_and_experiences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Female perspectives and experiences </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Female_perspectives_and_experiences-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Female perspectives and experiences subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Female_perspectives_and_experiences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gloria_Steinem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gloria_Steinem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Gloria Steinem </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gloria_Steinem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jennifer_Saginor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jennifer_Saginor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Jennifer Saginor </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jennifer_Saginor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sondra_Theodore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sondra_Theodore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Sondra Theodore </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sondra_Theodore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Playboy</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" > 72 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A" title="بلاي بوي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلاي بوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A6%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%DB%8C" title="پلئی‌بوی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پلئی‌بوی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="প্লেবয় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্লেবয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Плейбой – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Плейбой" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy_(Magazin)" title="Playboy (Magazin) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Playboy (Magazin)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%DB%8C" title="پلی‌بوی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پلی‌بوی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy_(tydskrift)" title="Playboy (tydskrift) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Playboy (tydskrift)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%B3%B4%EC%9D%B4" title="플레이보이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="플레이보이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%A2%D5%B8%D5%B5" title="Փլեյբոյ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փլեյբոյ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AF" title="प्लेबॉय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्लेबॉय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy_(majalah)" title="Playboy (majalah) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Playboy (majalah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy_(periodico)" title="Playboy (periodico) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Playboy (periodico)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%99" title="פלייבוי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלייבוי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy_(Magazin)" title="Playboy (Magazin) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Playboy (Magazin)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D" title="പ്ലേ ബോയ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്ലേ ബോയ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AF" title="प्लेबॉय – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्लेबॉय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9F%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="ფლეიბოი (ჟურნალი) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფლეიბოი (ჟურნალი)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%89" title="بلاى بوى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بلاى بوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%DB%8C" title="پلی‌بوی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پلی‌بوی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8_(%E1%80%99%E1%80%82%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%87%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8)" title="ပလေးဘွိုင်း (မဂ္ဂဇင်း) – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပလေးဘွိုင်း (မဂ္ဂဇင်း)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy_(tijdschrift)" title="Playboy (tijdschrift) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Playboy (tijdschrift)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4_(%E9%9B%91%E8%AA%8C)" title="プレイボーイ (雑誌) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プレイボーイ (雑誌)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy_(%C4%8Dasopis)" title="Playboy (časopis) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Playboy (časopis)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="பிளேபோய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிளேபோய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8D" title="ప్లేబోయ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్లేబోయ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="เพลย์บอย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เพลย์บอย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%92_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92" title="پلے بوائے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پلے بوائے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Playboy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%8A%B1%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%90" title="花花公子 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="花花公子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C" title="Playboy雜誌 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Playboy雜誌" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%8A%B1%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%90" title="花花公子 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="花花公子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American lifestyle and entertainment magazine</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the magazine. For the lifestyle that inspired the magazine's name, see <a href="/wiki/Playboy_lifestyle" title="Playboy lifestyle">Playboy lifestyle</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Playboy_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Playboy (disambiguation)">Playboy (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn">Playboy</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:PlayboyLogo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a8/PlayboyLogo.svg/220px-PlayboyLogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a8/PlayboyLogo.svg/330px-PlayboyLogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a8/PlayboyLogo.svg/440px-PlayboyLogo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="347" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">CEO</th><td class="infobox-data">Ben Kohn</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Categories</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_men%27s_magazines" title="List of men's magazines">Men's magazines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Monthly (1953–2016) Bimonthly (2017–2018) Quarterly (2019–2020) Online (since 2020)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/PLBY_Group" title="PLBY Group">PLBY Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total circulation (2017)</th><td class="infobox-data">400,000<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Millennial-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hefner" title="Hugh Hefner">Hugh Hefner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1953<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First issue</th><td class="infobox-data">December 1, 1953</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final issue</th><td class="infobox-data">March 17, 2020 (print)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Based in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.playboy.com/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150820#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0032-1478">0032-1478</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Playboy (stylized in all caps) is an American men's <a href="/wiki/Lifestyle_journalism" title="Lifestyle journalism">lifestyle</a> and entertainment magazine, formerly in print and online since 2020. It was founded in Chicago in 1953 by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hefner" title="Hugh Hefner">Hugh Hefner</a> and his associates, funded in part by a $1,000 loan from Hefner's mother.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Known for its <a href="/wiki/Centerfold" title="Centerfold">centerfolds</a> of nude and semi-nude<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> models (<a href="/wiki/Playboy_Playmate" title="Playboy Playmate">Playmates</a>), Playboy played an important role in the <a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">sexual revolution</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> and remains one of the world's best-known brands, with a presence in nearly every medium.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> In addition to the flagship magazine in the United States, special <a href="#International_editions">nation-specific versions</a> of Playboy are published worldwide, including those by licensees, such as Dirk Steenekamp's DHS Media Group.<a href="#cite_note-Playboy-za-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-nypost-pay-for-play-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-podbean-Grit-Steenekamp-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-bizcommunity-DHS-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> The magazine has a long history of publishing short stories by novelists such as <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Arthur C. Clarke</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Watts-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ian_Fleming" title="Ian Fleming">Ian Fleming</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Watts-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Nabokov" title="Vladimir Nabokov">Vladimir Nabokov</a>,<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Palahniuk" title="Chuck Palahniuk">Chuck Palahniuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/P._G._Wodehouse" title="P. G. Wodehouse">P. G. Wodehouse</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Watts-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Roald_Dahl" title="Roald Dahl">Roald Dahl</a>,<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/Haruki_Murakami" title="Haruki Murakami">Haruki Murakami</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Atwood" title="Margaret Atwood">Margaret Atwood</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Watts-12">[12]</a> With a regular display of full-page color cartoons, it became a showcase for cartoonists such as <a href="/wiki/Jack_Cole_(artist)" title="Jack Cole (artist)">Jack Cole</a>,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Eldon_Dedini" title="Eldon Dedini">Eldon Dedini</a>,<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jules_Feiffer" title="Jules Feiffer">Jules Feiffer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Kurtzman" title="Harvey Kurtzman">Harvey Kurtzman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shel_Silverstein" title="Shel Silverstein">Shel Silverstein</a>,<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <a href="/wiki/Doug_Sneyd" title="Doug Sneyd">Doug Sneyd</a>, Erich Sokol,<a href="#cite_note-Watts-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Roy_Raymonde" title="Roy Raymonde">Roy Raymonde</a>,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gahan_Wilson" title="Gahan Wilson">Gahan Wilson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rowland_B._Wilson" title="Rowland B. Wilson">Rowland B. Wilson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-eli-20">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Art_Paul" title="Art Paul">Art Paul</a> designed the bunny logo. <a href="/wiki/Leroy_Neiman" class="mw-redirect" title="Leroy Neiman">Leroy Neiman</a> drew the <a href="/wiki/Femlin" title="Femlin">Femlin</a> characters for Playboy jokes. <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Nagel" title="Patrick Nagel">Patrick Nagel</a> painted the headers for Playboy Forum and other sections. Playboy features monthly interviews of public figures, such as artists, architects, economists, composers, conductors, film directors, journalists, novelists, playwrights, religious figures, politicians, athletes, and race car drivers. The magazine generally reflects a liberal editorial stance, although it often interviews conservative celebrities.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> After a year-long removal of most nude photos in Playboy magazine, the March–April 2017 issue brought back nudity.<a href="#cite_note-PB-20190802-22">[22]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_history">Publication history</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s">1950s</h3></div> By spring 1953, Hugh Hefner—a 1949 <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois">University of Illinois</a> psychology graduate who had worked in Chicago for <a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a> magazine writing promotional copy; Publisher's Development Corporation in sales and marketing; and Children's Activities magazine as circulation promotions manager<a href="#cite_note-sumner134-23">[23]</a>—had planned out the elements of his magazine, that he would call Stag Party.<a href="#cite_note-watts62-24">[24]</a> He formed HMH Publishing Corporation, and recruited his friend Eldon Sellers to find investors.<a href="#cite_note-watts62-24">[24]</a> Hefner eventually raised just over $8,000, including from his brother and mother.<a href="#cite_note-watts63-25">[25]</a> However, the publisher of an unrelated <a href="/wiki/Men%27s_adventure" title="Men's adventure">men's adventure</a> magazine, <a href="/wiki/Stag_(magazine)" title="Stag (magazine)">Stag</a>, contacted Hefner and informed him it would file suit to protect their trademark if he were to launch his magazine with that name.<a href="#cite_note-sumner134-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-watts64-26">[26]</a> Hefner, his wife Millie, and Sellers met to seek a new name, considering "Top Hat", "Gentleman", "Sir'", "Satyr", "Pan", and "Bachelor" before Sellers suggested "Playboy".<a href="#cite_note-watts64-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Published in December 1953, the first issue was undated, as Hefner was unsure there would be a second. He produced it in his <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_Chicago" title="Hyde Park, Chicago">Hyde Park</a> kitchen. The first centerfold was <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a>, although the picture used initially was taken for a calendar rather than for Playboy.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Hefner chose what he deemed the "sexiest" image, a previously unused <a href="/wiki/Nude_study" class="mw-redirect" title="Nude study">nude study</a> of Monroe stretched with an upraised arm on a red velvet background with closed eyes and mouth open.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The heavy promotion centered on Monroe's nudity on the already-famous calendar, together with the teasers in marketing, made the new Playboy magazine a success.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> The first issue sold out in weeks. Known circulation was 53,991.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The cover price was 50¢. Copies of the first issue in mint to near-mint condition sold for over $5,000 in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The novel <a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit_451" title="Fahrenheit 451">Fahrenheit 451</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bradbury" title="Ray Bradbury">Ray Bradbury</a>, was published in 1953 and <a href="/wiki/Serial_(literature)" title="Serial (literature)">serialized</a> in the March, April and May 1954 issues of Playboy.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> An <a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">urban legend</a> started about Hefner and the <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Playmate" title="Playboy Playmate">Playmate of the Month</a> because of markings on the front covers of the magazine. From 1955 to 1979 (except for a six-month gap in 1976), the "P" in Playboy had stars printed in or around the letter. <a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">Urban legend</a> stated that this was either a rating that Hefner gave to the Playmate according to how attractive she was, the number of times that Hefner had slept with her, or how good she was in bed. In truth, stars, between zero and 12, indicated the domestic or international advertising region for that printing.<a href="#cite_note-snopes-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s–1990s">1960s–1990s</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Playboy_Staff_in_1970.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Playboy_Staff_in_1970.jpg/220px-Playboy_Staff_in_1970.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Playboy_Staff_in_1970.jpg/330px-Playboy_Staff_in_1970.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Playboy_Staff_in_1970.jpg/440px-Playboy_Staff_in_1970.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2951" data-file-height="1707" /></a><figcaption>The editorial board of Playboy in 1970. Back, left to right: <a href="/wiki/Robie_Macauley" title="Robie Macauley">Robie Macauley</a>, Nat Lehrman, Richard M. Koff, Murray Fisher, Arthur Kretchmer; front: Sheldon Wax, Auguste Comte Spectorsky, Jack Kessie.</figcaption></figure> In the 1960s, the magazine added "The Playboy Philosophy" column. Early topics included gay rights,<a href="#cite_note-sixties-36">[36]</a> women's rights, censorship, and the First Amendment.<a href="#cite_note-sixties-36">[36]</a> Playboy was an early proponent of cannabis reform and provided founding support to the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws in 1970.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> From 1966 to 1976, <a href="/wiki/Robie_Macauley" title="Robie Macauley">Robie Macauley</a> was the fiction editor at Playboy. During this period the magazine published fiction by <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Saul Bellow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Faol%C3%A1in" title="Seán Ó Faoláin">Seán Ó Faoláin</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Updike" title="John Updike">John Updike</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Dickey" title="James Dickey">James Dickey</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Cheever" title="John Cheever">John Cheever</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doris_Lessing" title="Doris Lessing">Doris Lessing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joyce_Carol_Oates" title="Joyce Carol Oates">Joyce Carol Oates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Nabokov" title="Vladimir Nabokov">Vladimir Nabokov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Crichton" title="Michael Crichton">Michael Crichton</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_le_Carr%C3%A9" title="John le Carré">John le Carré</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Shaw" title="Irwin Shaw">Irwin Shaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Shepherd" title="Jean Shepherd">Jean Shepherd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Koestler" title="Arthur Koestler">Arthur Koestler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bashevis_Singer" title="Isaac Bashevis Singer">Isaac Bashevis Singer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Malamud" title="Bernard Malamud">Bernard Malamud</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Irving" title="John Irving">John Irving</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anne_Sexton" title="Anne Sexton">Anne Sexton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nadine_Gordimer" title="Nadine Gordimer">Nadine Gordimer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Vonnegut" title="Kurt Vonnegut">Kurt Vonnegut</a> and <a href="/wiki/J._P._Donleavy" title="J. P. Donleavy">J. P. Donleavy</a>, as well as poetry by <a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Yevtushenko" title="Yevgeny Yevtushenko">Yevgeny Yevtushenko</a>.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> In 1968, at the feminist <a href="/wiki/Miss_America_protest" title="Miss America protest">Miss America protest</a>, symbolically feminine products were thrown into a "Freedom Trash Can". These included copies of Playboy and <a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)" title="Cosmopolitan (magazine)">Cosmopolitan</a> magazines.<a href="#cite_note-Greenfieldboyce-39">[39]</a> One of the key pamphlets produced by the protesters was "No More Miss America!", by <a href="/wiki/Robin_Morgan" title="Robin Morgan">Robin Morgan</a>, which listed ten characteristics of the Miss America pageant that the authors believed degraded women;<a href="#cite_note-modern-40">[40]</a> it compared the pageant to Playboy's centerfold as sisters under the skin, describing this as "The Unbeatable <a href="/wiki/Madonna%E2%80%93whore_complex" title="Madonna–whore complex">Madonna–Whore</a> Combination".<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Macauley contributed all of the popular Ribald Classics series published between January 1978 and March 1984.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] After reaching its peak in the 1970s, Playboy saw a decline in circulation and cultural relevance due to competition in the field it founded—first from <a href="/wiki/Penthouse_(magazine)" title="Penthouse (magazine)">Penthouse</a>, then from <a href="/wiki/Oui_(magazine)" title="Oui (magazine)">Oui</a> (which was published as a spin-off of Playboy) and <a href="/wiki/Gallery_(magazine)" title="Gallery (magazine)">Gallery</a> in the 1970s; later from pornographic <a href="/wiki/Videotape" title="Videotape">videos</a>; and more recently from <a href="/wiki/Lad_mags" class="mw-redirect" title="Lad mags">lad mags</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Maxim_(magazine)" title="Maxim (magazine)">Maxim</a>, <a href="/wiki/FHM" title="FHM">FHM</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stuff_(magazine)" title="Stuff (magazine)">Stuff</a>. In response, Playboy attempted to re-assert its hold on the 18–35-year-old male demographic through slight changes to the content and focusing on issues and personalities more appropriate to its audience—such as hip-hop artists being featured in the "Playboy Interview".<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In February 1974, <a href="/wiki/Ratna_Assan" title="Ratna Assan">Ratna Assan</a> became the first women of Indonesian descent to be featured, shortly after a positively received role in the film <a href="/wiki/Papillon_(1973_film)" title="Papillon (1973 film)">Papillon</a> (1973).<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <a href="/wiki/Christie_Hefner" title="Christie Hefner">Christie Hefner</a>, daughter of founder Hugh Hefner, joined Playboy in 1975 and became head of the company in 1988. She announced in December 2008 that she would be stepping down from leading the company, effective in January 2009. She said that the election of <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> as the next President had inspired her to give more time to charitable work and that the decision to step down was her own. "Just as this country is embracing change in the form of new leadership, I have decided that now is the time to make changes in my own life as well", she said.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Hefner was succeeded by company director and media veteran <a href="/wiki/Jerome_H._Kern" title="Jerome H. Kern">Jerome H. Kern</a> as interim CEO, who was in turn succeeded by publisher <a href="/wiki/Scott_Flanders" title="Scott Flanders">Scott Flanders</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000–present">2000–present</h3></div> The magazine celebrated its 50th anniversary with the January 2004 issue. Celebrations were held at <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a>, Los Angeles, New York, and Moscow during the year to commemorate this event. Playboy also launched limited-edition products designed by fashion houses such as <a href="/wiki/Versace" title="Versace">Versace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood" title="Vivienne Westwood">Vivienne Westwood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sean_John" title="Sean John">Sean John</a>. As a homage to the magazine's 50th anniversary, <a href="/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics" title="MAC Cosmetics">MAC Cosmetics</a> released two limited-edition products: lipstick and glitter cream.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The printed magazine ran several annual features and ratings. One of the most popular was its annual ranking of the top "party schools" among all U.S. universities and colleges. In 2009, the magazine used five criteria—bikini, brains, campus, sex, and sports—to develop its list. The top-ranked party school by Playboy for 2009 was the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In June 2009, the magazine reduced its publication schedule to 11 yearly issues, with a combined July/August issue. On August 11, 2009, London's <a href="/wiki/Daily_Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Telegraph">Daily Telegraph</a> newspaper reported that Hugh Hefner had sold his English manor house (next door to the <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Mansion" title="Playboy Mansion">Playboy Mansion</a> in Los Angeles) for $18 m ($10 m less than the reported asking price) to another American, Daren Metropoulos, the President and co-owner of <a href="/wiki/Pabst_Blue_Ribbon" title="Pabst Blue Ribbon">Pabst Blue Ribbon</a>, and that due to significant losses in the company's value (down from $1 billion in 2000 to $84 million in 2009), the Playboy publishing empire was for sale for $300 million.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In December 2009, the publication schedule was reduced to 10 issues per year, with a combined January/February issue. On July 12, 2010, Playboy Enterprises Inc. announced Hefner's $5.50 per share offer ($122.5 million based on shares outstanding on April 30 and the closing price on July 9) to buy the portion of the company he did not already own and take the company private with the help of Rizvi Traverse Management LLC. The company derived much of its income from licensing rather than from the magazine.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> On July 15, Penthouse owner FriendFinder Networks Inc. offered $210 million (the company is valued at $185 million). However, Hefner, who already owned 70 percent of voting stock, did not want to sell.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In January 2011, the publisher of Playboy magazine agreed to an offer by Hefner to take the company private for $6.15 per share, an 18 percent premium over the price of the last previous day of trading.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> The buyout was completed in March 2011.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2016–2018_changes_and_brief_ending_of_full-frontal_nudity">2016–2018 changes and brief ending of full-frontal nudity</h4></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> This is what I always intended Playboy Magazine to look like. </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">— <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hefner" title="Hugh Hefner">Hugh Hefner</a>, when asked about ending nudity in Playboy<a href="#cite_note-nonnude-54">[54]</a></cite> </div> In October 2015, Playboy announced the magazine would no longer feature full-frontal nudity beginning with the March 2016 issue.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Company CEO <a href="/wiki/Scott_Flanders" title="Scott Flanders">Scott Flanders</a> acknowledged the magazine's inability to compete with freely available <a href="/wiki/Internet_pornography" title="Internet pornography">internet pornography</a> and nudity; according to him, "You're now one click away from every sex act imaginable for free. And so it's just passé at this juncture".<a href="#cite_note-oldnews-56">[56]</a> Hefner agreed with the decision.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-57">[57]</a> The redesigned Playboy, however, would still feature a <a href="/wiki/Playmate_of_the_Month" class="mw-redirect" title="Playmate of the Month">Playmate of the Month</a> and pictures of women. Still, they would be rated as not appropriate for children under 13.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-57">[57]</a> The move would not affect PlayboyPlus.com (which features nudity at a paid subscription).<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Josh Horwitz of <a href="/wiki/Quartz_(publication)" title="Quartz (publication)">Quartz</a> argued that the motivation for the decision to remove nudity from the magazine was to give <a href="/wiki/PB_Lifestyle" class="mw-redirect" title="PB Lifestyle">Playboy Licensing</a> a less inappropriate image in India and China, where the brand is a popular item on apparel and thus generates significant revenue.<a href="#cite_note-quartz-59">[59]</a> Other changes to the magazine included ending the popular jokes section and the various cartoons that appeared throughout the magazine. The redesign eliminated the use of jump copy (articles continuing on non-consecutive pages), eliminating most of the space for cartoons.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Hefner, himself a former cartoonist, reportedly resisted dropping the cartoons more than the nudity, but ultimately obliged. Playboy's plans were to market itself as a competitor to <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a>, as opposed to more traditional competitors <a href="/wiki/GQ" title="GQ">GQ</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maxim_(magazine)" title="Maxim (magazine)">Maxim</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nonnude-54">[54]</a> Playboy announced in February 2017, however, that the dropping of nudity had been a mistake. Furthermore, for its March/April issue, it reestablished some of its franchises, including the Playboy Philosophy and Party Jokes, but dropped the subtitle "Entertainment for Men", inasmuch as gender roles have evolved. The company's chief creative officer made the announcement on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Hashtag" title="Hashtag">hashtag</a> #NakedIsNormal.<a href="#cite_note-Playboy_Reinstates_Nudity-61">[61]</a> In early 2018, and according to Jim Puzzanghera of the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>, Playboy was reportedly "considering killing the print magazine", as the publication "has lost as much as $7 million annually in recent years".<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> However, in the July/August 2018 issue a reader asked if the print magazine would discontinue, and Playboy responded that it was not going anywhere. Following Hefner's death and his family's financial stake in the company, the magazine changed direction. In 2019, Playboy was relaunched as a quarterly publication without adverts. Topics covered included an interview with <a href="/wiki/Tarana_Burke" title="Tarana Burke">Tarana Burke</a>, a profile of <a href="/wiki/Pete_Buttigieg" title="Pete Buttigieg">Pete Buttigieg</a>, coverage of <a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a>, and a cover photo representing gender and sexual fluidity.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Millennial-1">[1]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Online-only">Online-only</h4></div> In March 2020, Ben Kohn, CEO of Playboy Enterprises, announced that the spring 2020 issue would be the last regularly scheduled printed issue and that the magazine would publish its content online. The decision to close the print edition was attributed in part to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, which interfered with the distribution of the magazine.<a href="#cite_note-gibson-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Publicly_traded">Publicly traded</h4></div> In autumn 2020, Playboy announced a <a href="/wiki/Reverse_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="Reverse merger">reverse merger</a> deal with Mountain Crest Acquisition Corp.—a <a href="/wiki/Special-purpose_acquisition_company" title="Special-purpose acquisition company">special purpose acquisition company</a> (SPAC). In February 2021, the stock of a combined company, PLBY Group, began trading on the <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a> exchange as "PLBY".<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Circulation_history_and_statistics">Circulation history and statistics</h3></div> In 1971, Playboy had a circulation rate base of seven million, which was its high point.<a href="#cite_note-peak-66">[66]</a> The best-selling individual issue was the November 1972 edition, which sold 7,161,561 copies. One-quarter of all American college men were buying or subscribing to the magazine every month.<a href="#cite_note-nextdoor-67">[67]</a> On the cover was model Pam Rawlings, photographed by <a href="/wiki/Rowland_Scherman" title="Rowland Scherman">Rowland Scherman</a>. Perhaps coincidentally, a cropped image of the issue's centerfold (which featured <a href="/wiki/Lena_S%C3%B6derberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Lena Söderberg">Lena Söderberg</a>) became a de facto <a href="/wiki/Standard_test_image" title="Standard test image">standard image</a> for testing image processing algorithms. It is known simply as the "<a href="/wiki/Lenna_(test_image)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenna (test image)">Lenna</a>" (also "Lena") image in that field.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In 1972, Playboy was the ninth highest circulation magazine in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-list1972-69">[69]</a> The 1975 average circulation was 5.6 million; by 1981, it was 5.2 million and by 1982 down to 4.9 million.<a href="#cite_note-peak-66">[66]</a> Its decline continued in later decades and reached about 800,000 copies per issue in late 2015,<a href="#cite_note-oldnews-56">[56]</a> and 400,000 copies by December 2017.<a href="#cite_note-woke-70">[70]</a> In 1970, Playboy became the first gentleman's magazine printed in <a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">braille</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> It is also one of the few magazines whose <a href="/wiki/Microfilm" class="mw-redirect" title="Microfilm">microfilm</a> format was in color, not black and white.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features_and_format">Features and format</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rabbit_logo">Rabbit logo</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Playboy_lighter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Playboy_lighter.jpg/170px-Playboy_lighter.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Playboy_lighter.jpg/255px-Playboy_lighter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Playboy_lighter.jpg/340px-Playboy_lighter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2529" data-file-height="2146" /></a><figcaption>A Playboy cigarette lighter with the rabbit <a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">logo</a> </figcaption></figure> Playboy's enduring mascot, a stylized <a href="/wiki/Silhouette" title="Silhouette">silhouette</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Rabbit" title="Rabbit">rabbit</a> wearing a <a href="/wiki/Black_tie" title="Black tie">tuxedo bow tie</a>, was created by Playboy <a href="/wiki/Art_director" title="Art director">art director</a> <a href="/wiki/Art_Paul" title="Art Paul">Art Paul</a> for the second issue as an <a href="/wiki/Note_(typography)" title="Note (typography)">endnote</a>, but was adopted as the official <a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">logo</a> and has appeared ever since.<a href="#cite_note-Faye-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-Heller-74">[74]</a> A running joke in the magazine involves hiding the logo somewhere in the cover art or photograph. Hefner said he chose the rabbit for its "humorous <a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_behavior" class="mw-redirect" title="Human sexual behavior">sexual</a> connotation" and because the image was "frisky and playful". In an interview, Hefner explained his choice of a rabbit as Playboy's logo to the Italian journalist <a href="/wiki/Oriana_Fallaci" title="Oriana Fallaci">Oriana Fallaci</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"> The rabbit, the bunny, in America has a sexual meaning; and I chose it because it's a fresh animal, shy, vivacious, jumping - sexy. First it smells you then it escapes, then it comes back, and you feel like caressing it, playing with it. A girl resembles a bunny. Joyful, joking. Consider the girl we made popular: the <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Playmate" title="Playboy Playmate">Playmate of the Month</a>. She is never sophisticated, a girl you cannot really have. She is a young, healthy, simple girl - the girl next door ... we are not interested in the mysterious, difficult woman, the <a href="/wiki/Femme_fatale" title="Femme fatale">femme fatale</a>, who wears elegant underwear, with lace, and she is sad, and somehow mentally filthy. The Playboy girl has no lace, no underwear, she is naked, well washed with soap and water, and she is happy.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_U.S._Open_in_2000,_Flushing_Meadows%E2%80%93Corona_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bill_Clinton_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_U.S._Open_in_2000%2C_Flushing_Meadows%E2%80%93Corona_Park.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_U.S._Open_in_2000%2C_Flushing_Meadows%E2%80%93Corona_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bill_Clinton_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_U.S._Open_in_2000%2C_Flushing_Meadows%E2%80%93Corona_Park.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_U.S._Open_in_2000%2C_Flushing_Meadows%E2%80%93Corona_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bill_Clinton_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_U.S._Open_in_2000%2C_Flushing_Meadows%E2%80%93Corona_Park.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton_and_Donald_Trump_at_the_U.S._Open_in_2000%2C_Flushing_Meadows%E2%80%93Corona_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a> swimsuit model <a href="/wiki/Kylie_Bax" title="Kylie Bax">Kylie Bax</a> wearing a Playboy shirt, with <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melania_Trump" title="Melania Trump">Melania Trump</a> (2000)</figcaption></figure> The jaunty rabbit quickly became a popular symbol of extroverted male culture, becoming a <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Enterprises,_Inc.#Playboy_Licensing" class="mw-redirect" title="Playboy Enterprises, Inc.">lucrative source</a> of <a href="/wiki/Merchandizing#Licensing" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchandizing">merchandizing</a> revenue for the company.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In the 1950s, it was adopted as the <a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft_insignia" title="Military aircraft insignia">military aircraft insignia</a> for the US Navy's <a href="/wiki/VX-4" title="VX-4">Air Test and Evaluation Squadron Four</a> (VX-4). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Playboy_Interview">The Playboy Interview</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a full listing of interview subjects, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_Playboy_interviews" title="List of Playboy interviews">List of Playboy interviews</a>.</div> Besides its centerfold, a major part of Playboy for much of its existence has been the Playboy Interview, an extensive (usually several-thousand-word) discussion between a publicly known individual and an interviewer. Writer <a href="/wiki/Alex_Haley" title="Alex Haley">Alex Haley</a> served as a Playboy interviewer on a few occasions; one of his interviews was with <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>; he also interviewed <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X" title="Malcolm X">Malcolm X</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Nazi_Party" title="American Nazi Party">American Nazi Party</a> founder <a href="/wiki/George_Lincoln_Rockwell" title="George Lincoln Rockwell">George Lincoln Rockwell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The magazine interviewed then-presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> in the November 1976 issue, in which he stated "I've committed <a href="/wiki/Adultery" title="Adultery">adultery</a> in my heart many times."<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Sheff" title="David Sheff">David Sheff</a>'s interview with <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a> appeared in the January 1981 issue, which was on newsstands at the time of Lennon's murder; the interview was later published in book format. Another interview-type section, entitled "20Q" (a play on the game of <a href="/wiki/Twenty_Questions" class="mw-redirect" title="Twenty Questions">Twenty Questions</a>), was added in October 1978. <a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Tiegs" title="Cheryl Tiegs">Cheryl Tiegs</a> was the first interviewee for the section.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rock_the_Rabbit">Rock the Rabbit</h3></div> "Rock the Rabbit" was an annual music news and pictorial feature published in the March edition.<a href="#cite_note-stolz-81">[81]</a> The pictorial featured images of <a href="/wiki/Rock_bands" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock bands">rock bands</a> photographed by music photographer <a href="/wiki/Mick_Rock" title="Mick Rock">Mick Rock</a>. Fashion designers participated in the Rock the Rabbit event by designing T-shirts inspired by Playboy's rabbit head logo for each band. The shirts were sold at Playboy's retailers and auctioned off to raise money for AIDS research and treatment at LIFEbeat: The Music Industry Fights AIDS.<a href="#cite_note-stolz-81">[81]</a> Bands who were featured include: <a href="/wiki/MGMT" title="MGMT">MGMT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daft_Punk" title="Daft Punk">Daft Punk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iggy_Pop" title="Iggy Pop">Iggy Pop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duran_Duran" title="Duran Duran">Duran Duran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flaming_Lips" class="mw-redirect" title="Flaming Lips">Flaming Lips</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snow_Patrol" title="Snow Patrol">Snow Patrol</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Killers" title="The Killers">The Killers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Photographers">Photographers</h3></div> The photographers who have contributed to Playboy include <a href="/wiki/Mario_Casilli" title="Mario Casilli">Mario Casilli</a>,<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ana_Dias_(photographer)" title="Ana Dias (photographer)">Ana Dias</a>,<a href="#cite_note-dias-84">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Fegley" title="Richard Fegley">Richard Fegley</a>,<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arny_Freytag" title="Arny Freytag">Arny Freytag</a>,<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Harris_(photographer)" title="Ron Harris (photographer)">Ron Harris</a>,<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kelley_(photographer)" title="Tom Kelley (photographer)">Tom Kelley</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Vintage-88">[88]</a> <a href="/wiki/Annie_Leibovitz" title="Annie Leibovitz">Annie Leibovitz</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Christies-89">[89]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ken_Marcus" title="Ken Marcus">Ken Marcus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Vintage-88">[88]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Mecey" title="David Mecey">David Mecey</a>,<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <a href="/wiki/Russ_Meyer" title="Russ Meyer">Russ Meyer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Newton" title="Helmut Newton">Helmut Newton</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Christies-89">[89]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pompeo_Posar" title="Pompeo Posar">Pompeo Posar</a>,<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> <a href="/wiki/Suze_Randall" title="Suze Randall">Suze Randall</a>,<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Herb_Ritts" title="Herb Ritts">Herb Ritts</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Christies-89">[89]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ellen_von_Unwerth" title="Ellen von Unwerth">Ellen von Unwerth</a>,<a href="#cite_note-vonunwerth-94">[94]</a> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wayda" title="Stephen Wayda">Stephen Wayda</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Christies-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sam_Wu" title="Sam Wu">Sam Wu</a>,<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bunny_Yeager" title="Bunny Yeager">Bunny Yeager</a>.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Celebrities">Celebrities</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a full listing, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_Playboy_1953%E2%80%931959" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people in Playboy 1953–1959">List of people in Playboy 1953–1959</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_Playboy_1960%E2%80%931969" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people in Playboy 1960–1969">1960–1969</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_Playboy_1970%E2%80%931979" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people in Playboy 1970–1979">1970–1979</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_Playboy_1980%E2%80%931989" title="List of people in Playboy 1980–1989">1980–1989</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_Playboy_1990%E2%80%931999" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people in Playboy 1990–1999">1990–1999</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_Playboy_2000%E2%80%932009" title="List of people in Playboy 2000–2009">2000–2009</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_in_Playboy_2010%E2%80%932020" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people in Playboy 2010–2020">2010–2020</a></div> Many celebrities (singers, actresses, models, etc.) have posed for Playboy over the years. This list is only a small portion of those who have posed. Some of them are: <div style="float:left; width:48%;"> Film: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jayne_Mansfield" title="Jayne Mansfield">Jayne Mansfield</a> (February 1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mara_Corday" title="Mara Corday">Mara Corday</a> (October 1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_Andress" title="Ursula Andress">Ursula Andress</a> (June 1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Lynley" title="Carol Lynley">Carol Lynley</a> (March 1965) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_Kidder" title="Margot Kidder">Margot Kidder</a> (March 1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Basinger" title="Kim Basinger">Kim Basinger</a> (February 1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Moore_(actress)" title="Terry Moore (actress)">Terry Moore</a> (August 1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Jones" title="Janet Jones">Janet Jones</a> (March 1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Barrymore" title="Drew Barrymore">Drew Barrymore</a> (January 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Richards" title="Denise Richards">Denise Richards</a> (December 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasha_Grey" title="Sasha Grey">Sasha Grey</a> (October 2010)</li></ul> Music: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Toya_Jackson" title="La Toya Jackson">La Toya Jackson</a> (March 1989/Nov 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fem2Fem" title="Fem2Fem">Fem2Fem</a> (December 1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Sinatra" title="Nancy Sinatra">Nancy Sinatra</a> (May 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Fox" title="Samantha Fox">Samantha Fox</a> (October 1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joey_Heatherton" title="Joey Heatherton">Joey Heatherton</a> (April 1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Brava" title="Linda Brava">Linda Brava</a> (April 1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belinda_Carlisle" title="Belinda Carlisle">Belinda Carlisle</a> (August 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_Darwish" title="Tiffany Darwish">Tiffany</a> (April 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnie_Wilson" title="Carnie Wilson">Carnie Wilson</a> (August 2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Gibson" title="Debbie Gibson">Debbie Gibson</a> (March 2005)</li></ul> </div><div style="float:right; width:48%;"> Sports: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Khorkina" title="Svetlana Khorkina">Svetlana Khorkina</a> (November 1997 Russian edition)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katarina_Witt" title="Katarina Witt">Katarina Witt</a> (December 1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_Szewczenko" title="Tanja Szewczenko">Tanja Szewczenko</a> (April 1999 German edition)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chyna" title="Chyna">Joanie Laurer</a> (November 2000 and January 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Reece" title="Gabrielle Reece">Gabrielle Reece</a> (January 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiana_Tom" title="Kiana Tom">Kiana Tom</a> (May 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrie_Wilson" title="Torrie Wilson">Torrie Wilson</a> (May 2003 and March 2004 [the latter with <a href="/wiki/Sable_(wrestler)" title="Sable (wrestler)">Sable</a>])</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Acuff" title="Amy Acuff">Amy Acuff</a> (September 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanda_Beard" title="Amanda Beard">Amanda Beard</a> (July 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Harkleroad" title="Ashley Harkleroad">Ashley Harkleroad</a> (August 2008)<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></li></ul> Television: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Evans" title="Linda Evans">Linda Evans</a> (July 1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Somers" title="Suzanne Somers">Suzanne Somers</a> (February 1980 and December 1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teri_Copley" title="Teri Copley">Teri Copley</a> (November 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dian_Parkinson" title="Dian Parkinson">Dian Parkinson</a> (December 1991 and May 1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannen_Doherty" title="Shannen Doherty">Shannen Doherty</a> (March 1994 and December 2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrah_Fawcett" title="Farrah Fawcett">Farrah Fawcett</a> (December 1995 and July 1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Christian" title="Claudia Christian">Claudia Christian</a> (October 1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shari_Belafonte" title="Shari Belafonte">Shari Belafonte</a> (September 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Burke" title="Brooke Burke">Brooke Burke</a> (May 2001 and November 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karina_Smirnoff" title="Karina Smirnoff">Karina Smirnoff</a> (May 2011)</li></ul> </div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_editions">Other editions</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Playboy_Special_Editions">Playboy Special Editions</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Special_Edition" title="Playboy Special Edition">Playboy Special Edition</a></div> The success of Playboy magazine has led PEI to market other versions of the magazine, the <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Special_Edition" title="Playboy Special Edition">Special Editions</a> (formerly called Newsstand Specials), such as Playboy's College Girls<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> and Playboy's Book of Lingerie, as well as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Playboy_videos" title="List of Playboy videos">Playboy video</a> collection. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Braille">Braille</h3></div> The <a href="/wiki/National_Library_Service_for_the_Blind_and_Physically_Handicapped" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped">National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped</a> (NLS) has published a <a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">braille</a> edition of Playboy since 1970.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> The braille version includes all the written words in the non-braille magazine, but no pictorial representations. Congress cut off funding for the braille magazine translation in 1985, but U.S. District Court Judge Thomas Hogan reversed the decision on <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a> grounds.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_editions">International editions</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Current">Current</h4></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;">Africa <ul><li>South Africa (1993–1996, 2011–2016, 2017–) (digital only)<a href="#cite_note-IHT-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></li></ul> Europe <ul><li>Czech Republic (1991–)</li> <li>Denmark (2018–) (digital only)</li> <li>Finland (2023-) (digital only)</li> <li>France (1973–1985, 1993–2013, 2016–)</li> <li>Germany (1972–)</li> <li>Greece (1985–2015, 2018–) (digital and special editions)</li> <li>Netherlands (1983–)</li> <li>Sweden (1998–1999, 2017–) (digital only)</li> <li>Ukraine (2005–)</li></ul> North America <ul><li>Mexico (1976–1998, 2002–) (digital only)</li></ul> Oceania <ul><li>Australia (1979–2000, 2018–) (digital only)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Former">Former</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;">Asia <ul><li>Hong Kong (1986–1993)</li> <li>Indonesia (2006–2007)<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-104">[104]</a></li> <li>Israel (2013)<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a></li> <li>Japan (1975–2009)—see <a href="/wiki/Monthly_Playboy" title="Monthly Playboy">specific article</a></li> <li>Mongolia (2012–2015)</li> <li>Philippines (2008–2021)<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a></li> <li>Singapore (2009, 2011)</li> <li>South Korea (2017–2020)</li> <li>Taiwan (2012–2020)</li> <li>Thailand (2012–2020)</li></ul> South America <ul><li>Argentina (1985–1995, 2006–2018)</li> <li>Brazil (1975–2017) (see <a href="/wiki/Playboy_(Brazil)" title="Playboy (Brazil)">Playboy (Brazil)</a>)</li> <li>Colombia (2008–2011, 2017–2020)</li> <li>Venezuela (2006–2017)</li></ul> Europe <ul><li>Austria (2012–2014) (special issues only)</li> <li>Bulgaria (2002–2020)</li> <li>Croatia (1997–2020)</li> <li>Estonia (2007–2012)<a href="#cite_note-Postimees-107">[107]</a></li> <li>Georgia (2007–2008)<a href="#cite_note-GeorgianTimes-108">[108]</a></li> <li>Hungary (1989–1993, 1999–2019)</li> <li>Italy (1972–1985, 1987–2003, 2008–2020)</li> <li>Latvia (2010–2014)<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></li> <li>Lithuania (2008–2013)<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">Macedonia</a> (2010–2012)<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a></li> <li>Moldova (2012)<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a></li> <li>Norway (1997–1999)</li> <li>Poland (1992–2019)</li> <li>Portugal (2009–2010, 2012–2013, 2015–2020)</li> <li>Romania (1999–2016)</li> <li>Russia (1995–2022)</li> <li>Serbia (2004–2015)</li> <li>Slovakia (1997–2003, 2005–2020)<a href="#cite_note-IG-JohnnyKortis-20201226-114">[114]</a></li> <li>Slovenia (2001–2020)</li> <li>Spain (1978–2013, 2017–2020)</li> <li>Turkey (1986–1995)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online">Online</h3></div> The growth of the Internet prompted the magazine to develop an official internet presence called Playboy Online in the late 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> The company launched Playboy.com, the official website for <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Enterprises" class="mw-redirect" title="Playboy Enterprises">Playboy Enterprises</a> and an online companion to Playboy magazine, in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-ChicagoSun_Feb2000-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> As part of the online presence, Playboy developed a pay web site called the Playboy Cyber Club in 1995 which features online chats, additional pictorials, videos of <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Playmate" title="Playboy Playmate">Playmates</a> and Playboy Cyber Girls that are not featured in the magazine. Archives of past Playboy articles and interviews are also included.<a href="#cite_note-TheRecord_June1997-118">[118]</a> In September 2005, Playboy began publishing a digital version of the magazine.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> In 2010, Playboy introduced The Smoking Jacket, a <a href="/wiki/Safe_for_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Safe for work">safe-for-work</a> website designed to appeal to young men, while avoiding nude images or key words that would cause the site to be filtered or otherwise prohibited in the workplace.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> In May 2011, Playboy introduced iplayboy.com, a complete, uncensored version of its near-700-issue archive, targeting the <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> <a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_May2011-121">[121]</a> By launching the archive as a <a href="/wiki/Web_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Web app">web app</a>, Playboy was able to circumvent both Apple's <a href="/wiki/App_Store_(iOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="App Store (iOS)">App Store</a> content restrictions and their 30% subscription fee. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litigation_and_legal_issues">Litigation and legal issues</h2></div> <a href="/wiki/Stacy_Arthur" title="Stacy Arthur">Stacy Arthur</a>, Playboy's Playmate of the Month for January, 1991, filed a $70 million lawsuit against Playboy Enterprises Inc. and others alleging she was raped and sodomized by three Playboy employees on October 6, 1991, at the Playboy mansion in Los Angeles and that inaction by the magazine led to the death of her husband.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] On January 14, 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Ninth_Circuit_U.S._Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals">Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals</a> ruled that Playboy Enterprises Inc.'s trademark terms "Playboy" and "Playmate" should be protected in the situation where a user typing "Playboy" or "Playmate" in a <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">browser</a> search was instead shown advertisements of companies that competed with PEI. This decision reversed an earlier district court ruling. The suit started on April 15, 1999, when Playboy sued <a href="/wiki/Excite_(web_portal)" title="Excite (web portal)">Excite Inc.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communications_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape</a> for trademark infringement.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Enterprises,_Inc._v._Netscape_Communications_Corp." title="Playboy Enterprises, Inc. v. Netscape Communications Corp.">Playboy Enterprises, Inc. v. Netscape Communications Corp.</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Censorship">Censorship</h3></div> Many in the American religious community opposed the publication of Playboy. The <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> pastor and author L. L. Clover wrote in his 1974 treatise, Evil Spirits, Intellectualism and Logic, that Playboy encouraged young men to view themselves as "pleasure-seeking individuals for whom sex is fun and women are play things."<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> In many parts of Asia, including India, <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and Brunei, sale and distribution of Playboy is banned. In addition, sale and distribution is banned in most Muslim countries (except Lebanon<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> and Turkey) including Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan. Despite the ban on the magazine in these countries, the official Playboy brand itself can still appear on various merchandise, such as perfume and deodorants. While banned in mainland China, the magazine is sold in Hong Kong. In Japan, where <a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_pornography_in_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship of pornography in Japan">genitals of models cannot be shown</a>, a separate edition was published under license by <a href="/wiki/Shueisha" title="Shueisha">Shueisha</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] An Indonesian edition was launched in April 2006, but controversy started before the first issue hit the stands. Though the publisher said the content of the Indonesian edition will be different from the original edition, the government tried to ban it by using anti-pornography rules.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] A Muslim organization, the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Defenders_Front" title="Islamic Defenders Front">Islamic Defenders Front</a> (IDF), opposed Playboy on the grounds of pornography. On April 12, about 150 IDF members clashed with police and stoned the editorial offices. Despite this, the edition quickly sold out. On April 6, 2007, the chief judge of the case dismissed the charges because they had been incorrectly filed.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> In 1986, the American convenience store chain <a href="/wiki/7-Eleven" title="7-Eleven">7-Eleven</a> removed the magazine. The store returned Playboy to its shelves in late 2003. 7-Eleven had also been selling Penthouse and other similar magazines before the ban.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> In 1995, Playboy was returned to shelves in the Republic of Ireland after a 36-year ban, despite staunch opposition from many women's groups.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Playboy was not sold in the state of <a href="/wiki/Queensland,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Queensland, Australia">Queensland, Australia</a>, during 2004 and 2005, but returned as of 2006. Due to declining sales, the last Australia-wide edition of Playboy was the January 2000 issue.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] In 2013, Playboy was cleared by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Pentagon</a> of violating its rule against selling sexually explicit material on military property, but the base exchanges stopped selling it anyway.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> In March 2018, Playboy announced that they would be deactivating their <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> accounts due to the "sexually repressive" nature of the social media platform and their <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Facebook#Privacy_issues" title="Criticism of Facebook">mismanagement of user data</a> resulting from the <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Analytica" title="Cambridge Analytica">Cambridge Analytica</a> problem.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Female_perspectives_and_experiences">Female perspectives and experiences</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gloria_Steinem">Gloria Steinem</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloria_Steinem_1977_%C2%A9Lynn_Gilbert.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gloria_Steinem_1977_%C2%A9Lynn_Gilbert.jpg/162px-Gloria_Steinem_1977_%C2%A9Lynn_Gilbert.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gloria_Steinem_1977_%C2%A9Lynn_Gilbert.jpg/244px-Gloria_Steinem_1977_%C2%A9Lynn_Gilbert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gloria_Steinem_1977_%C2%A9Lynn_Gilbert.jpg/325px-Gloria_Steinem_1977_%C2%A9Lynn_Gilbert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="4103" /></a><figcaption>Gloria Steinem 1977, photographed in her home, years after writing her Playboy Expose.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Steinem" title="Gloria Steinem">Gloria Steinem</a>, an American activist and journalist went undercover as an employee in 1963 at the New York City <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Club" title="Playboy Club">Playboy club</a>. The same year she wrote an expose article called "A Bunny's Tale", discussing the inner-workings of a Playboy Bunny, which was <a href="/wiki/A_Bunny%27s_Tale" title="A Bunny's Tale">later turned into a TV film</a>. Steinem, going by the cover name of Marie Cathrine Ochs, applied for the job of a Playboy bunny. Her goal was to research and investigate the alleged mistreatment and harassment of women at the Playboy club.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963b-134">[134]</a> Steinem prepared a whole background story, very careful not to be discovered. Steinem arrived at the club in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, and filled out an application to be a Playboy Bunny. When applying, she was told that as a 24-year-old, she was considered relatively old to work there. Additionally, Steinem detailed how Playboy didn't want any backstory, but just wanted their employees to be a pretty face for the company.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963b-134">[134]</a> When applying, Steinem was told the expectations of the workers. Bunnies had to maintain a certain level of personal maintenance, such as always having their makeup, nails and hair done without flaws.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">[135]</a> The Bunnies were instructed to always be perceived as happy and optimistic.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">[135]</a> They were also expected to weigh a certain amount, and to have a certain bust size, or else they would get fined.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">[135]</a> There was a club motto that the Bunnies were hired for 1. Beauty 2. Personality 3. Ability, and the order was very important.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">[135]</a> Steinem was hired on the spot, and told to come back in a few days for training. She was given the "Bunny Bible", a rulebook with all the etiquette information. The club had fine lines around prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">[135]</a> No Bunny could seem interested or available to customers, however if a top client or a "key-holder" expressed interest, they were encouraged and suggested to comply.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">[135]</a> Additionally, the club would take 50% of tips earned from the first $30 of the night, 25% of tips up to $60 and 5% of tips after that.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">[135]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bunny_girl_outfit_20060131.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bunny_girl_outfit_20060131.jpg/204px-Bunny_girl_outfit_20060131.jpg" decoding="async" width="204" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bunny_girl_outfit_20060131.jpg/306px-Bunny_girl_outfit_20060131.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bunny_girl_outfit_20060131.jpg/408px-Bunny_girl_outfit_20060131.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Bunny Girl outfit, worn by employees of the Playboy clubs.</figcaption></figure> Steinem detailed many forms of harassment she allegedly received during training, including customers touching her costume, putting their arm around her, breathing heavily down her neck, along with multiple instances of being yelled at when refusing to go home with a customer. Steinem claimed to have worked long night shifts in uncomfortable clothing, with no breaks or food. The Bunnies were told they would make around $200 – 300 a week, when in reality they had to share tips and they were underpaid.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963c-136">[136]</a> Steinem also observed and noted in her expose how Bunnies of color were called "Chocolate Bunnies" and were given lower ranking jobs in the club.<a href="#cite_note-Steinem-1963c-136">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jennifer_Saginor">Jennifer Saginor</h3></div> Jennifer Saginor, author of her memoir Playground: A Childhood Lost Inside the Playboy Mansion, experienced the infamous <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Mansion" title="Playboy Mansion">Playboy mansion</a> at the age of six years old for the first time.<a href="#cite_note-Saginor-2005-137">[137]</a> Her father, Mark Saginor, was <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hefner" title="Hugh Hefner">Hugh Hefner's</a> physician, otherwise known as "Dr. Feelgood". Mr. Saginor was the primary reason that Jennifer was introduced to the mansion at such a young age due to his residency there.<a href="#cite_note-Saginor-2005-137">[137]</a> While her parents were still together, Jennifer and her sister would spend a good amount of time at the mansion with their father, having a plethora of adult experiences sprung on them at a young age. Her mother fought, trying to prevent her daughters from stepping foot into that mansion. She went as far as getting a divorce with "Dr. Feelgood", hoping for full custody, as well as court orders.<a href="#cite_note-Latin_American_Perspectives-1979-138">[138]</a> After Jennifer's parents' divorce, Mr. Saginor spent significantly more time at the mansion than prior, bringing his children along with him. No matter how often her mother would forbid them from going, Jennifer would lie about her whereabouts to spend time at the "playhouse".<a href="#cite_note-Latin_American_Perspectives-1979-138">[138]</a> Jennifer yearned for her father's love and affection, so, she would insist on going to the mansion with him.<a href="#cite_note-Agrawal-2005-139">[139]</a> Unfortunately for Jennifer, this would lead to years of processing her broken childhood, which she is continuing to work on in present times.<a href="#cite_note-Agrawal-2005-139">[139]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Original_Playboy_Mansion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/The_Original_Playboy_Mansion.jpg/208px-The_Original_Playboy_Mansion.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/The_Original_Playboy_Mansion.jpg/312px-The_Original_Playboy_Mansion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/The_Original_Playboy_Mansion.jpg/416px-The_Original_Playboy_Mansion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The Original Playboy Mansion. Located in Chicago Illinois.</figcaption></figure> A specific story that Jennifer references in her memoir is, again, at the age of six when she ventures to the mansion for the first time, meeting Hugh Hefner, and is left to her own devices by her father. As she walked through the mansion, surrounded by half-naked strangers, she ran into the butler who showed her to the pool. Once getting to the pool, Jennifer discovered a secret tunnel under the water, leading to an underground Jacuzzi in a separate section of the house. Here, she walked in on <a href="/wiki/John_Belushi" title="John Belushi">John Belushi</a> having sexual intercourse with one of the <a href="/wiki/Playboy_Bunnies" class="mw-redirect" title="Playboy Bunnies">Playboy Bunnies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Saginor-2005-137">[137]</a> She was six years old at the time, but describes her response to this experience as "I am no longer six. I have grown to full maturity in a matter of seconds."<a href="#cite_note-Saginor-2005-137">[137]</a> Jennifer's experiences display just one of the hidden stories of the Playboy Mansion that haven't been addressed or brought to light for the masses. Throughout the rest of her novel, she discusses several stories involving herself and others, sharing what really went down in the mansion during her time residing there, including the sexual relationship she was involved in with one of Hugh Hefner's girlfriends.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sondra_Theodore">Sondra Theodore</h3></div> <a href="/wiki/Sondra_Theodore" title="Sondra Theodore">Sondra Theodore</a>, Hugh Hefner's girlfriend from 1979 to 1981, lived with Hefner in his mansion with her children throughout the duration of her relationship. One of the most famous playboy bunnies, Theodore was featured on the cover of <a href="/wiki/Playboy_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Playboy magazine">Playboy</a> in 1977 and had many centerfold photo shoots throughout her time as a Playboy bunny. In the documentary series Secrets of Playboy, she spoke out about her experience and the mistreatment she received during her time in the house.<a href="#cite_note-Peoplemag-141">[141]</a> Theodore also spoke about her experience in a joint interview with her daughter for People magazine. In the interview they discuss the vastly different experiences and perspectives they had living in the mansion.<a href="#cite_note-Peoplemag-141">[141]</a> In the documentary, Theodore spoke about the pressure she felt to engage in sexual acts, not only with Hefner, but also with other men and women who frequented the house. She also alleged that she was forced to be a "drug mule" for Hefner, stating that he forced her to retrieve drugs, including cocaine, for his personal use.<a href="#cite_note-Longmire-2022-142">[142]</a> Many other former bunnies called out Theodore saying that she was "chasing fame" and alleging that her accusations were false due to the fact that she didn't speak out for years. The backlash that Theodore faced was in part due to the fact that after their split she remained on good terms with Hefner. She ended up marrying a close friend of Hefner. She also returned to the mansion many times after her split with Hefner and when she eventually divorced her husband it was Hefner who gave her money for a divorce lawyer.<a href="#cite_note-Longmire-2022-142">[142]</a> Their close friendship, even after their romantic relationship ended, led many to question the validity of Theodore's story. In the documentary Theodore acknowledges how she waited to speak out due to blocking out traumatic memories and believing that she didn't have a voice. The documentary gave her and other former bunnies a chance to share their experiences. In response to Theodore's allegations and the documentary in general, Playboy released an open letter stating that "today's Playboy is not Hugh Hefner's Playboy".<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2></div> General compilations <ul><li>Nick Stone, editor. The Bedside Playboy. Chicago: Playboy Press, 1963.</li></ul> Anniversary collections <ul><li>Jacob Dodd, editor. The Playboy Book: Forty Years. Santa Monica, California: General Publishing Group, 1994, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-881649-03-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-881649-03-2">1-881649-03-2</a></li> <li>Playboy: 50 Years, The Photographs. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8118-3978-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8118-3978-8">0-8118-3978-8</a></li> <li>Nick Stone, editor; Michelle Urry, cartoon editor. Playboy: 50 Years, The Cartoons. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8118-3976-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8118-3976-1">0-8118-3976-1</a></li> <li>Gretchen Edgren, editor. The Playboy Book: Fifty Years. Taschen, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8228-3976-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-8228-3976-0">3-8228-3976-0</a></li></ul> Interview compilations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G._Barry_Golson" class="mw-redirect" title="G. Barry Golson">G. Barry Golson</a>, editor. The Playboy Interview. New York: Playboy Press, 1981. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87223-668-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87223-668-4">0-87223-668-4</a> (hardcover), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87223-644-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87223-644-7">0-87223-644-7</a> (softcover)</li> <li>G. Barry Golson, editor. The Playboy Interview Volume II. New York: Wideview/Perigee, 1983. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-399-50768-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-399-50768-X">0-399-50768-X</a> (hardcover), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-399-50769-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-399-50769-8">0-399-50769-8</a> (softcover)</li> <li>David Sheff, interviewer; G. Barry Golson, editor. The Playboy Interviews with <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>. New York: Playboy Press, 1981, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87223-705-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-87223-705-2">0-87223-705-2</a>; 2000 edition, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-25464-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-25464-4">0-312-25464-4</a></li> <li>Stephen Randall, editor. The Playboy Interview Book: They Played the Game. New York: M Press, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59582-046-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-59582-046-9">1-59582-046-9</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Playboy_lists" title="Category:Playboy lists">Category:Playboy lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_men%27s_magazines" title="List of men's magazines">List of men's magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Bunny" title="Playboy Bunny">Playboy Bunny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Club" title="Playboy Club">Playboy Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_TV" title="Playboy TV">Playboy TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playgirl" title="Playgirl">Playgirl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pubic_Wars" title="Pubic Wars">Pubic Wars</a></li> <li>Media <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Playboy%27s_Book_of_Forbidden_Words" title="Playboy's Book of Forbidden Words">Playboy's Book of Forbidden Words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Collectors%27_Figure_Series" title="Playboy Collectors' Figure Series">Playboy Dolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy:_The_Mansion" title="Playboy: The Mansion">Playboy: The Mansion</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYT_Millennial-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Millennial_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Millennial_1-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2019" class="citation web cs1">Bennett, Jessica (August 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/02/business/woke-playboy-millennials.html">"Will the Millennials Save Playboy?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved August 13, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Will+the+Millennials+Save+Playboy%3F&rft.date=2019-08-02&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F08%2F02%2Fbusiness%2Fwoke-playboy-millennials.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924074225/http://www.playboyenterprises.com/home/content.cfm?content=t_template&packet=00017B97-9135-1C72-8FEA8304E50A010D&artTypeID=00025AAE-7EF7-1C72-8FEA8304E50A010D">"Playboy Enterprises, Inc"</a>. Playboyenterprises.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playboyenterprises.com/home/content.cfm?content=t_template&packet=00017B97-9135-1C72-8FEA8304E50A010D&artTypeID=00025AAE-7EF7-1C72-8FEA8304E50A010D">the original</a> on September 24, 2015. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Playboyenterprises.com&rft.atitle=Playboy+Enterprises%2C+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.playboyenterprises.com%2Fhome%2Fcontent.cfm%3Fcontent%3Dt_template%26packet%3D00017B97-9135-1C72-8FEA8304E50A010D%26artTypeID%3D00025AAE-7EF7-1C72-8FEA8304E50A010D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeib2008" class="citation news cs1">Seib, Christine (December 9, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110515005812/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article5310203.ece">"Hefner's Daughter Christie Walks Away from Playboy Enterprises"</a>. The Times. London. 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Wiley. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mrplayboyhughhef00watt/page/n91">80</a>, 91, 111, 144, 152, 190. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-52167-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-52167-0"><bdi>978-0-470-52167-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mr+Playboy%3A+Hugh+Hefner+and+the+American+Dream&rft.pages=80%2C+91%2C+111%2C+144%2C+152%2C+190&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2009-08-24&rft.isbn=978-0-470-52167-0&rft.au=Steven+Watts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmrplayboyhughhef00watt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuel_Schuman1979" class="citation book cs1">Samuel Schuman (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/vladimirnabokovr0000schu">Vladimir Nabokov, A Reference Guide</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/reviews/specialty-releases/e3ic2e2d16144df098ad1a6f395c130a824">the original</a> on March 5, 2012. Retrieved December 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Film+Review%3A+Hugh+Hefner%3A+Playboy%2C+Activist+and+Rebel&rft.pub=Filmjournal.com&rft.date=2010-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmjournal.com%2Ffilmjournal%2Fcontent_display%2Freviews%2Fspecialty-releases%2Fe3ic2e2d16144df098ad1a6f395c130a824&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PB-20190802-22"><a href="#cite_ref-PB-20190802_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennett2019" class="citation news cs1">Bennett, Jessica (August 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/02/business/woke-playboy-millennials.html">"Will the Millennials Save Playboy? – The Hefners are gone, and so is the magazine's short-lived ban on nudity – as well as virtually anyone on the staff over 35"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved August 2, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Will+the+Millennials+Save+Playboy%3F+%E2%80%93+The+Hefners+are+gone%2C+and+so+is+the+magazine%27s+short-lived+ban+on+nudity+%E2%80%93+as+well+as+virtually+anyone+on+the+staff+over+35.&rft.date=2019-08-02&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F08%2F02%2Fbusiness%2Fwoke-playboy-millennials.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sumner134-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sumner134_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sumner134_23-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSumner2010" class="citation book cs1">Sumner, David E. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J7g9PgL_No0C&q=stag+magazine&pg=PA134">The Magazine Century: American Magazines Since 1900</a>. Peter Lang Publishing. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4331-0493-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4331-0493-0"><bdi>978-1-4331-0493-0</bdi></a>. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Magazine+Century%3A+American+Magazines+Since+1900&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=Peter+Lang+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4331-0493-0&rft.aulast=Sumner&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ7g9PgL_No0C%26q%3Dstag%2Bmagazine%26pg%3DPA134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-watts62-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-watts62_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-watts62_24-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_Watts2009" class="citation book cs1">Steven Watts (March 23, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m5b_eM3twmEC&q=stag+magazine&pg=PA62">Mr Playboy: Hugh Hefner and the American Dream</a>. Wiley. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470501375" title="Special:BookSources/9780470501375"><bdi>9780470501375</bdi></a>. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mr+Playboy%3A+Hugh+Hefner+and+the+American+Dream&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2009-03-23&rft.isbn=9780470501375&rft.au=Steven+Watts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm5b_eM3twmEC%26q%3Dstag%2Bmagazine%26pg%3DPA62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-watts63-25"><a href="#cite_ref-watts63_25-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_Watts2009" class="citation book cs1">Steven Watts (March 23, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m5b_eM3twmEC&q=stag+magazine&pg=PA63">Mr Playboy: Hugh Hefner and the American Dream</a>. Wiley. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470501375" title="Special:BookSources/9780470501375"><bdi>9780470501375</bdi></a>. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mr+Playboy%3A+Hugh+Hefner+and+the+American+Dream&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2009-03-23&rft.isbn=9780470501375&rft.au=Steven+Watts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm5b_eM3twmEC%26q%3Dstag%2Bmagazine%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-watts64-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-watts64_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-watts64_26-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_Watts2009" class="citation book cs1">Steven Watts (March 23, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m5b_eM3twmEC&q=stag+magazine&pg=PA64">Mr Playboy: Hugh Hefner and the American Dream</a>. Wiley. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470501375" title="Special:BookSources/9780470501375"><bdi>9780470501375</bdi></a>. Retrieved February 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mr+Playboy%3A+Hugh+Hefner+and+the+American+Dream&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2009-03-23&rft.isbn=9780470501375&rft.au=Steven+Watts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm5b_eM3twmEC%26q%3Dstag%2Bmagazine%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> Golden Dreams The Birth of Playboy by Hugh M. Hefner, page 265, Playboy, January 1994 </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Summers, p. 59. </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarding2012" class="citation book cs1">Harding, Les (August 23, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rvwH7euUccIC&q=playboy&pg=PA75">They Knew Marilyn Monroe: Famous Persons in the Life of the Hollywood Icon</a>. McFarland. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786490141" title="Special:BookSources/9780786490141"><bdi>9780786490141</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=They+Knew+Marilyn+Monroe%3A+Famous+Persons+in+the+Life+of+the+Hollywood+Icon&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2012-08-23&rft.isbn=9780786490141&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=Les&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrvwH7euUccIC%26q%3Dplayboy%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunelius2009" class="citation book cs1">Gunelius, Susan (September 16, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xL0cGu1ISVEC&q=marilyn+playboy&pg=PA16">Building Brand Value the Playboy Way</a>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780230239586" title="Special:BookSources/9780230239586"><bdi>9780230239586</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Building+Brand+Value+the+Playboy+Way&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2009-09-16&rft.isbn=9780230239586&rft.aulast=Gunelius&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxL0cGu1ISVEC%26q%3Dmarilyn%2Bplayboy%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJensen2012" class="citation book cs1">Jensen, Gordon (July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7SUqJZXVWLsC&q=marilyn+playboy&pg=PA157">Marilyn: A Great Woman's Struggles: Who Killed Her and Why</a>. 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Retrieved March 29, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advertising+Age&rft.atitle=Now+Playboy+Deletes+Its+Facebook+Account%2C+Citing+Values&rft.date=2018-03-28&rft.au=Staff+Writer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadage.com%2Farticle%2Fdigital%2Fplayboy-deletes-facebook-account-citing-values%2F312901%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steinem-1963b-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963b_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963b_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinem1963" class="citation journal cs1">Steinem, Gloria (May 1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://undercover.hosting.nyu.edu/files/original/5c9de8d1db51cede1395f6d6fa480ca24e872b76.pdf">"A Bunny's Tale"</a> (PDF). SHOW, Magazine of the Arts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SHOW%2C+Magazine+of+the+Arts&rft.atitle=A+Bunny%27s+Tale&rft.date=1963-05&rft.aulast=Steinem&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fundercover.hosting.nyu.edu%2Ffiles%2Foriginal%2F5c9de8d1db51cede1395f6d6fa480ca24e872b76.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steinem-1963a-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963a_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963a_135-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963a_135-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963a_135-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963a_135-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963a_135-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinem-1963a_135-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinem1963" class="citation journal cs1">Steinem, Gloria (May 1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://undercover.hosting.nyu.edu/files/original/5c9de8d1db51cede1395f6d6fa480ca24e872b76.pdf">"A Bunny's Tale"</a> (PDF). 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SHOW, Magazine of the Arts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SHOW%2C+Magazine+of+the+Arts&rft.atitle=A+Bunny%27s+Tale&rft.date=1963-05&rft.aulast=Steinem&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fundercover.hosting.nyu.edu%2Ffiles%2Foriginal%2F5c9de8d1db51cede1395f6d6fa480ca24e872b76.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saginor-2005-137">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Saginor-2005_137-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saginor-2005_137-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saginor-2005_137-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saginor-2005_137-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaginor2005" class="citation book cs1">Saginor, Jennifer (2005). Playground: A Childhood Lost Inside the Playboy Mansion. New York: HarperCollins. pp. 1–9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-076157-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-076157-8"><bdi>978-0-06-076157-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Playground%3A+A+Childhood+Lost+Inside+the+Playboy+Mansion&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1-9&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-06-076157-8&rft.aulast=Saginor&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Latin_American_Perspectives-1979-138">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Latin_American_Perspectives-1979_138-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Latin_American_Perspectives-1979_138-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Book Reviews : Chile: The Debate Goes On by Kyle Steenland A review of: Edward Boorstein, Allende's Chile, an Inside View, New York: International Publishers, 1977. $4.25 Stefan De Vylder, Allende's Chile: The Political Economy of the Rise and Fall of the Unidad Popular, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Thomas Hauser, The Execution of Charles Horman: An American Sacrifice, New York: Harcourt Brace, 1978. $8.95 Brian Loveman, Struggle in the Countryside; Politics and Rural Labor in Chile, 1919-1973, Bloomington: Indiana University Press. $15.00 Robinson Rojas, The Murder of Allende and the End of the Chilean Way to Social ism, New York: Harper and Row, 1976. $10.95 Ian Roxborough, Phil O'Brien, and Jackie Roddick, Chile: The State and Revolution, New York: Holmes and Meier, 1977.$20.00 Paul Sigmund, The Overthrow of Allende and the Politics of Chile, 1964-1976, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977. $5.50 Jack Spence, Search for Justice: Neighborhood Courts in Allende's Chile, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1979. $16.50.Barbara Stallings, Class Conflict, Economic Development in Chile, 1958-73, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1978. $18.50 Kyle Steenland, Agrarian Reform under Allende: Peasant Revolt in the South, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1978. $5.95". 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Decision Support Systems. 41 (1): 20–36. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.dss.2004.05.002">10.1016/j.dss.2004.05.002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Decision+Support+Systems&rft.atitle=Matching+intermediaries+for+information+goods+in+the+presence+of+direct+search%3A+an+examination+of+switching+costs+and+obsolescence+of+information&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=20-36&rft.date=2005-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.dss.2004.05.002&rft.aulast=Agrawal&rft.aufirst=Manish&rft.au=Hariharan%2C+Govind&rft.au=Kishore%2C+Rajiv&rft.au=Rao%2C+H.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780060761561">"PLAYGROUND: A Childhood Lost Inside the Playboy Mansion by Jennifer Saginor"</a>. Publishers Weekly. 252 (16): 53. April 18, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/197087563">197087563</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publishers+Weekly&rft.atitle=PLAYGROUND%3A+A+Childhood+Lost+Inside+the+Playboy+Mansion+by+Jennifer+Saginor&rft.volume=252&rft.issue=16&rft.pages=53&rft.date=2005-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publishersweekly.com%2F9780060761561&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peoplemag-141">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Peoplemag_141-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peoplemag_141-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://people.com/playboy-mansion-baby-struggled-with-moms-allegations-against-hugh-hefner-7564689">"'Playboy Mansion Baby' Struggled with Mom's Allegations Against Hugh Hefner: 'Very Complicated'"</a>. Peoplemag. 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ET Canada. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etcanada.com/news/865183/former-playboy-playmate-sondra-theodore-claims-she-was-a-drug-mule-for-hugh-hefner/">the original</a> on October 12, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ET+Canada&rft.atitle=Former+Playboy+Playmate+Sondra+Theodore+Claims+She+Was+A+%27Drug+Mule%27+For+Hugh+Hefner&rft.date=2022-02-08&rft.aulast=Longmire&rft.aufirst=Becca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetcanada.com%2Fnews%2F865183%2Fformer-playboy-playmate-sondra-theodore-claims-she-was-a-drug-mule-for-hugh-hefner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlayboy2022" class="citation web cs1">Playboy (January 24, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://playboy.medium.com/an-open-letter-to-our-team-community-9e3f1a68b0aa">"An Open Letter to our Team & Community"</a>. Medium. Retrieved October 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medium&rft.atitle=An+Open+Letter+to+our+Team+%26+Community&rft.date=2022-01-24&rft.au=Playboy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplayboy.medium.com%2Fan-open-letter-to-our-team-community-9e3f1a68b0aa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlayboy" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Playboy_magazine" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Playboy magazine">Playboy magazine</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Josh Lambert, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100227113720/http://www.tabletmag.com/arts-and-culture/books/26418/my-son-the-pornographer/">"My Son, the Pornographer"</a>: Jewish Editors at Playboy</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-playboy-in-hefners-chicago-040516-htmlstory.html">A Playboy's Guide to Hugh Hefner's Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></li></ul> Official <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.playboy.com/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150820#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">Metadata</a> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pub_playboy">The Playboy Index</a> 1953–2014 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.org">archive.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200122005946/http://www.pbcovers.com/">Playboy Covers</a> – covers from all editions worldwide.</li> <li>Crossett, Andrew, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aeolia.net/playboy/playboy.htm">Index: The Women of Playboy – 1967–2010</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080717040526/http://mozart.lib.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/nand/search/pmstat?browse=%3A%3ACONFIG%3A%3Amodelbrowse">Playmate database</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> – archived in June 2008</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180316224357/http://daggy.name/cop/bkofdead/pboyintv.htm">Playboy Interview</a> interviewee and interviewer listing</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="PLBY_Group" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Playboy" title="Template:Playboy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Playboy" title="Template talk:Playboy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Playboy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Playboy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="PLBY_Group" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/PLBY_Group" title="PLBY Group">PLBY Group</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hefner" title="Hugh Hefner">Hugh Hefner</a> (founder, former <a href="/wiki/Editor-in-chief" title="Editor-in-chief">Editor-in-chief</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_creative_officer" title="Chief creative officer">CCO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christie_Hefner" title="Christie Hefner">Christie Hefner</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Lownes" title="Victor Lownes">Victor Lownes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Playboy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Special_Edition" title="Playboy Special Edition">Special Edition</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Playboy%27s_Penthouse" title="Playboy's Penthouse">Playboy's Penthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_TV" title="Playboy TV">Playboy TV</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_After_Dark" title="Playboy After Dark">Playboy After Dark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/And_Now_for_Something_Completely_Different" title="And Now for Something Completely Different">And Now for Something Completely Different</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(1971_film)" title="Macbeth (1971 film)">Macbeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Naked_Ape_(film)" title="The Naked Ape (film)">The Naked Ape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Third_Girl_from_the_Left" title="The Third Girl from the Left">The Third Girl from the Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Crazy_World_of_Julius_Vrooder" title="The Crazy World of Julius Vrooder">The Crazy World of Julius Vrooder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_Training_(1985_film)" title="Basic Training (1985 film)">Basic Training</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Bunny" title="Playboy Bunny">Playboy Bunny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Club" title="Playboy Club">Playboy Clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Mansion" title="Playboy Mansion">Playboy Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy_Radio" title="Playboy Radio">Playboy Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy:_The_Mansion" title="Playboy: The Mansion">Playboy: The Mansion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Playboy:_The_Mansion_Soundtrack" title="Playboy: The Mansion Soundtrack">soundtrack</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playboy%27s_40th_Anniversary:_Four_Decades_of_Jazz_1953%E2%80%931993" title="Playboy's 40th Anniversary: Four Decades of Jazz 1953–1993">Playboy's 40th Anniversary: Four Decades of Jazz 1953–1993</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Playboy:_The_Hugh_Hefner_Story" title="American Playboy: The Hugh Hefner Story">American Playboy: The Hugh Hefner Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hefner:_Playboy,_Activist_and_Rebel" title="Hugh Hefner: Playboy, Activist and Rebel">Hugh Hefner: Playboy, Activist and Rebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocks_House" title="Stocks House">Stocks House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Playboy_Club" title="The Playboy Club">The Playboy Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>† Owned by <a href="/wiki/Aylo" title="Aylo">Aylo</a>, branded Playboy under a licensing agreement. </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sexual_revolution" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sexual_revolution" title="Template:Sexual revolution"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sexual_revolution" title="Template talk:Sexual revolution"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sexual_revolution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sexual revolution"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sexual_revolution" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_contraceptive" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">Gay liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Sexualit%C3%A4t_im_Kulturkampf" title="Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf">Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Milestones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law" title="Abortion law">Abortion law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boys_in_the_Sand" title="Boys in the Sand">Boys in the Sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Movie" title="Blue Movie">Blue Movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myra_Breckinridge" title="Myra Breckinridge">Myra Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Throat_(film)" title="Deep Throat (film)">Deep Throat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divorce_law_by_country" title="Divorce law by country">Divorce law by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Porn" title="Golden Age of Porn">Golden Age of Porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loving_v._Virginia" title="Loving v. Virginia">Loving v. Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_Test" class="mw-redirect" title="Miller Test">Miller Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obergefell_v._Hodges" title="Obergefell v. Hodges">Obergefell v. Hodges</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Porn#"Porno_chic"" title="Golden Age of Porn">Porno chic</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography_in_the_United_States" title="Pornography in the United States">Pornography in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_oral_contraceptive_pill" title="Combined oral contraceptive pill">The Pill</a> (1965)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Slogans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Make_love,_not_war" title="Make love, not war">Make love, not war</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_personal_is_political" title="The personal is political">The personal is political</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIDS_epidemic" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS epidemic">AIDS epidemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinsey_Reports" title="Kinsey Reports">Kinsey Reports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masters_and_Johnson_Institute" title="Masters and Johnson Institute">Masters and Johnson Institute</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Playboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_of_1968" title="Protests of 1968">Protests of 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_riots" title="Stonewall riots">Stonewall riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Love" title="Summer of Love">Summer of Love</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Califia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pat Califia">Pat Califia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Chambers" title="Marilyn Chambers">Marilyn Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Damiano" title="Gerard Damiano">Gerard Damiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Dodson" title="Betty Dodson">Betty Dodson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Flynt" title="Larry Flynt">Larry Flynt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Ginzburg" title="Ralph Ginzburg">Ralph Ginzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Goldstein" title="Al Goldstein">Al Goldstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Guccione" title="Bob Guccione">Bob Guccione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terri_Hall" title="Terri Hall">Terri Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Halsted" title="Fred Halsted">Fred Halsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Hartley" title="Nina Hartley">Nina Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hefner" title="Hugh Hefner">Hugh Hefner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Hirschfeld" title="Magnus Hirschfeld">Magnus Hirschfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hurles" title="David Hurles">David Hurles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_E._Johnson" title="Virginia E. Johnson">Virginia Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kinsey" title="Alfred Kinsey">Alfred Kinsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Lovelace" title="Linda Lovelace">Linda Lovelace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mapplethorpe" title="Robert Mapplethorpe">Robert Mapplethorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Margold" title="William Margold">William Margold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Masters" title="William Masters">William Masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radley_Metzger" title="Radley Metzger">Radley Metzger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettie_Page" title="Bettie Page">Bettie Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Reich" title="Wilhelm Reich">Wilhelm Reich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Sade" title="Marquis de Sade">Marquis de Sade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Sprinkle" title="Annie Sprinkle">Annie Sprinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Westheimer" title="Ruth Westheimer">Ruth Westheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/55th_Street_Playhouse" title="55th Street Playhouse">55th Street Playhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldron_(sex_club)" title="Caldron (sex club)">Caldron (sex club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_(sex_club)" title="Catacombs (sex club)">Catacombs (sex club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_Baths" title="Club Baths">Club Baths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Factory" title="The Factory">The Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_bathhouse" title="Gay bathhouse">Gay bathhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture">LGBT culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Dallas-Fort_Worth" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Dallas-Fort Worth">Dallas-Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Houston" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Miami">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in San Francisco">San Francisco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineshaft_(gay_club)" title="Mineshaft (gay club)">Mineshaft (gay club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Andy_Warhol_Garrick_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="New Andy Warhol Garrick Theatre">New Andy Warhol Garrick Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plato%27s_Retreat" title="Plato's Retreat">Plato's Retreat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandstone_retreat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandstone retreat">Sandstone retreat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_and_Leather_Cultural_District" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ and Leather Cultural District">South of Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_views_of_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist views of pornography">Feminist views of pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freudo-Marxism" title="Freudo-Marxism">Freudo-Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">Hippie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inside_Deep_Throat" title="Inside Deep Throat">Inside Deep Throat</a> (2005 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinsey_(film)" title="Kinsey (film)">Kinsey</a> (2004 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lust" title="Lust">Lust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovelace_(film)" title="Lovelace (film)">Lovelace</a> (2013 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make_Love,_Not_War:_The_Sexual_Revolution:_An_Unfettered_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Make Love, Not War: The Sexual Revolution: An Unfettered History">Make Love, Not War: The Sexual Revolution: An Unfettered History</a> (2001 book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Notorious_Bettie_Page" title="The Notorious Bettie Page">The Notorious Bettie Page</a> (2005 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_movement" title="Peace movement">Peace movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slut-shaming" title="Slut-shaming">Slut-shaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whatever_(novel)" title="Whatever (novel)">Whatever</a> (1994 novel)</li></ul> 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class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/186198938">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1789938/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4463129-7">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010171254">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34469717p">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34469717p">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810538237905606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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