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href="#Il_dominio_cartaginese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Il dominio cartaginese</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il_dominio_cartaginese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il_dominio_romano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il_dominio_romano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Il dominio romano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il_dominio_romano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vaccei</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 15 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B8" title="Вакцеи - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вакцеи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacceus" title="Vacceus - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vacceus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccaei" title="Vaccaei - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vaccaei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccaei" title="Vaccaei - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vaccaei" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakceoj" title="Vakceoj - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vakceoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacceos" title="Vacceos - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vacceos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakzeo" title="Bakzeo - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bakzeo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacc%C3%A9ens" title="Vaccéens - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vaccéens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ואקים - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ואקים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakcei" title="Vakcei - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Vakcei" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccaei" title="Vaccaei - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vaccaei" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1ceos" title="Váceos - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Váceos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B8" title="Ваккеи - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ваккеи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakcejci" title="Vakcejci - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vakcejci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%97" title="Ваккеї - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ваккеї" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2310278#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vaccei" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussione:Vaccei&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina (la pagina non esiste) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vaccei"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vaccei"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Vaccei" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Vaccei" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&oldid=142379240" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Vaccei&id=142379240&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVaccei"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVaccei"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Vaccei"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Vaccei&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vaccaei" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2310278" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnographic_Iberia_200_BCE-it.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Ethnographic_Iberia_200_BCE-it.PNG/310px-Ethnographic_Iberia_200_BCE-it.PNG" decoding="async" width="310" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Ethnographic_Iberia_200_BCE-it.PNG/465px-Ethnographic_Iberia_200_BCE-it.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Ethnographic_Iberia_200_BCE-it.PNG/620px-Ethnographic_Iberia_200_BCE-it.PNG 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>Popolazioni della <a href="/wiki/Penisola_iberica" title="Penisola iberica">penisola iberica</a> attorno al <a href="/wiki/200_a.C." title="200 a.C.">200 a.C.</a></figcaption></figure> <p>I <b>Vaccei</b> (dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latino</a> <i>Vaccaei</i>) erano una popolazione dell'antica <a href="/wiki/Penisola_iberica" title="Penisola iberica">Iberia</a>, che viveva nel territorio che corrisponde all'attuale <a href="/wiki/Tierra_de_Campos" title="Tierra de Campos">Tierra de Campos</a>, tra la <a href="/wiki/Provincia_di_Le%C3%B3n" title="Provincia di León">provincia di León</a> e della <a href="/wiki/Vecchia_Castiglia" title="Vecchia Castiglia">vecchia Castiglia</a>. Il loro territorio era delimitato a sud dal fiume <a href="/wiki/Duero" title="Duero">Duero</a> e ad occidente dal <a href="/wiki/Pisuerga" title="Pisuerga">Pisuerga</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il_dominio_cartaginese">Il dominio cartaginese</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Il dominio cartaginese" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Il dominio cartaginese"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Cartaginesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartaginesi">Cartaginesi</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Sono menzionati per la prima volta da <a href="/wiki/Tito_Livio" title="Tito Livio">Tito Livio</a>, quando ci racconta che <a href="/wiki/Annibale" title="Annibale">Annibale</a> decise di sottometterli nel <a href="/wiki/220_a.C." title="220 a.C.">220 a.C.</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polibio3,14,1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> conquistando prima la città di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermantica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermantica (la pagina non esiste)">Hermantica</a> (o <i>Elmantica</i> in <a href="/wiki/Polibio" title="Polibio">Polibio</a><sup id="cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polibio3,14,1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) e poi <a href="/wiki/Arbocala" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbocala">Arbocala</a> (o <i>Arbucala</i> secondo Polibio,<sup id="cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polibio3,14,1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> identificabile forse con la moderna <a href="/wiki/Zamora_(Spagna)" title="Zamora (Spagna)">Zamora</a>), dopo un lungo assedio, dove poterono dimostrare tutto il loro valore.<sup id="cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polibio3,14,1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gli abitanti di <i>Hermantica</i>, in seguito, dopo essersi ricongiunti con il popolo degli <a href="/wiki/Olcadi" title="Olcadi">Olcadi</a> (sconfitto da Annibale l'anno precedente), riuscirono a convincere i <a href="/wiki/Carpetani" title="Carpetani">Carpetani</a> (o <i>Carpesi</i><sup id="cite_ref-Polibio3,14,2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polibio3,14,2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) a tendere al generale <a href="/wiki/Cartaginesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartaginesi">cartaginese</a> una trappola sulla via del ritorno, nei pressi del fiume <a href="/wiki/Tago" title="Tago">Tago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Annibale riuscì, però, a battere i loro eserciti congiunti, composti da ben 100.000 armati (principalmente Carpetani), dopo essere riuscito ad evitare l'imboscata tesagli presso il fiume Tago. In un secondo momento, l'abilità d'Annibale prevalse su questi tre popoli, quando le forze nemiche che lo stavano attraversando per schierarsi in vista dell'imminente battaglia sulla riva opposta, carichi di armi e bagagli, furono pesantemente battuti e sottomessi al dominio cartaginese.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Polibio3,14,3-9_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Polibio3,14,3-9-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il_dominio_romano">Il dominio romano</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Il dominio romano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Il dominio romano"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988" /> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Repubblica_romana" title="Repubblica romana">Repubblica romana</a></b> e <b><a href="/wiki/Guerre_celtibere" title="Guerre celtibere">Guerre celtibere</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>L'inizio del dominio romano della penisola iberica ebbe inizio con la <a href="/wiki/Seconda_guerra_punica" title="Seconda guerra punica">seconda guerra punica</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Publio_Cornelio_Scipione_(figlio_di_Lucio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Publio Cornelio Scipione (figlio di Lucio)">Publio Cornelio Scipione</a> padre dell'<a href="/wiki/Publio_Cornelio_Scipione" title="Publio Cornelio Scipione">Africano</a> ed al fratello <a href="/wiki/Gneo_Cornelio_Scipione_Calvo" title="Gneo Cornelio Scipione Calvo">Gneo Cornelio Scipione</a> venne assegnata la Spagna con il resto delle forze: due legioni e le forze degli alleati: 22.000 fanti, 2.000 cavalieri e una sessantina di navi. Il piano prevedeva di colpire Cartagine, ritenuta non del tutto pronta, con un esercito e attaccare Annibale in Spagna cercando l'aiuto delle popolazioni locali. </p><p>Vennero inviati ambasciatori in Spagna per cercare l'alleanza delle tribù Celtibere, da anni in lotta contro i cartaginesi. Ma mentre qualche tribù accettò, altre come i <i>Vaccei</i>, ricordando il mancato aiuto a <a href="/wiki/Sagunto" title="Sagunto">Sagunto</a>, rifiutarono di aiutare Roma, rimandando la loro sottomissione di oltre un cinquantennio. Vi è però da aggiungere che nel <a href="/wiki/193_a.C." title="193 a.C.">193</a>-<a href="/wiki/191_a.C." title="191 a.C.">191 a.C.</a> sarebbe cominciata la sottomissione di alcune delle tribù dei <a href="/wiki/Celtiberi" title="Celtiberi">Celtiberi</a>, tra cui gli <a href="/wiki/Oretani" title="Oretani">Oretani</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Carpetani" title="Carpetani">Carpetani</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Vettoni" title="Vettoni">Vettoni</a> ed i <i>Vaccei</i> da parte dei due governatori Gaio Flaminio e <a href="/wiki/Marco_Fulvio_Nobiliore" title="Marco Fulvio Nobiliore">Marco Fulvio Nobiliore</a>. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/152_a.C." title="152 a.C.">152 a.C.</a>, nonostante i successi diplomatici di Marco Claudio Marcello (le città celtibere ribelli di <a href="/wiki/Calatorao" title="Calatorao">Nertobriga</a> e <a href="/wiki/Medinaceli" title="Medinaceli">Ocilis</a> si riconciliano con Roma) scoppiò un secondo conflitto con le popolazioni <a href="/wiki/Celtiberi" title="Celtiberi">celtibere</a>. La rivolta in <a href="/wiki/Lusitania" title="Lusitania">Lusitania</a> riprese ad assorbire uomini e risorse, mentre nell'alta valle del <a href="/wiki/Duero" title="Duero">Duero</a> il popolo dei Vaccei, di probabile origine celta, iniziò a dare i primo segni di inquietudine. Accampatosi alle porte di <a href="/wiki/Numanzia" title="Numanzia">Numanzia</a>, il generale romano venne a patti con gli <a href="/wiki/Arevaci" title="Arevaci">Arevaci</a> che vivevano nella regione circostante. Tali patti, che in pratica prevedono il pagamento di una modesta indennità di guerra a Roma e il ripristino degli accordi del <a href="/wiki/179_a.C." title="179 a.C.">179 a.C.</a> saranno successivamente stipulati anche con i <a href="/wiki/Lusoni" title="Lusoni">Lusoni</a>, i Belli, i Titti e le altre tribù celtibere (<a href="/wiki/151_a.C." title="151 a.C.">151 a.C.</a>). La pace raggiunta permise a <a href="/wiki/Lucio_Licinio_Lucullo_(console_151_a.C.)" title="Lucio Licinio Lucullo (console 151 a.C.)">Lucio Licinio Lucullo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Publio_Cornelio_Scipione_Emiliano" title="Publio Cornelio Scipione Emiliano">Publio Cornelio Scipione Emiliano</a>, successori di Marco Claudio Marcello, di scatenare una guerra preventiva nel paese dei Vaccei, conquistando le città di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cauca_(celtibera)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cauca (celtibera) (la pagina non esiste)">Cauca</a> e <a href="/wiki/Aguilar_de_Campos" title="Aguilar de Campos">Intercatia</a> e saccheggiando sistematicamente le campagne e le piccole borgate agricole. </p><p>Una decina d'anni più tardi (nel <a href="/wiki/139_a.C." title="139 a.C.">139 a.C.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Marco_Popilio_Lenate" class="mw-disambig" title="Marco Popilio Lenate">Marco Popilio Lenate</a>, che aveva preso il posto di Quinto Pompeo, saccheggiò nuovamente le terre dei Vaccei e della tribù celtibera dei Lusoni. Ma un nuovo tentativo di impossessarsi di Numanzia da parte del generale romano <a href="/wiki/Gaio_Ostilio_Mancino" title="Gaio Ostilio Mancino">Gaio Ostilio Mancino</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/137_a.C." title="137 a.C.">137 a.C.</a>, si infranse contro la resistenza della popolazione della città. Nei successivi due anni il fronte celtibero rimase relativamente tranquillo, mentre Roma fu impegnata nella definitiva pacificazione della Lusitania (<a href="/wiki/136_a.C." title="136 a.C.">136 a.C.</a>) e nelle interminabili lotte contro i Vaccei (<a href="/wiki/135_a.C." title="135 a.C.">135 a.C.</a>). Con la definitiva liquidazione della prima e più importante sacca di resistenza, la Celtiberia fu oramai quasi interamente accerchiata dal suo poderoso avversario latino. </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/134_a.C." title="134 a.C.">134 a.C.</a> fu richiamato in <i>Hispania</i> <a href="/wiki/Publio_Cornelio_Scipione_Emiliano" title="Publio Cornelio Scipione Emiliano">Publio Cornelio Scipione Emiliano</a>, console per la seconda volta, nonostante non fossero ancora passati i dieci anni prescritti dalla normativa romana per poter essere nuovamente eleggibile. Lo accompagnano <a href="/wiki/Gaio_Mario" title="Gaio Mario">Gaio Mario</a>, allora ventitreenne, il principe numida <a href="/wiki/Giugurta" title="Giugurta">Giugurta</a> e il massimo storico del tempo, il greco <a href="/wiki/Polibio" title="Polibio">Polibio</a>, consigliere e amico personale del vincitore di <a href="/wiki/Cartagine" title="Cartagine">Cartagine</a>. Scipione Emiliano si rende conto che Numanzia rappresenta il perno del sistema difensivo arevaco e più in generale celtibero, e andava espugnata con tutte le forze disponibili. Devastato, come i suoi predecessori, il paese dei Vaccei ne distrusse i raccolti per timore che potessero essere utilizzati per rifornire i Celtiberi e in autunno cinse d'assedio la città numantina. Dopo quasi un anno di strenua resistenza, assurta fin da allora a una dimensione quasi mitica<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, con la popolazione falcidiata dall'inedia e dalle infermità, Numanzia capitolò, e con essa la ribellione arevaca e delle altre popolazioni insorte, compresi i <i>Vaccei</i> (<a href="/wiki/133_a.C." title="133 a.C.">133 a.C.</a>). La terza ed ultima <a href="/wiki/Guerre_celtibere" title="Guerre celtibere">guerra celtibera</a> era definitivamente terminata e potendo così Roma imporre la sua signoria sulla massima parte della penisola iberica. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Polibio3,14,1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-2">c</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Polibio3,14,1_1-3">d</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Polibio" title="Polibio">Polibio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Storie_(Polibio)" title="Storie (Polibio)">Storie</a></i>, III, 14, 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tito_Livio" title="Tito Livio">Tito Livio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_condita_libri" title="Ab Urbe condita libri">Ab Urbe condita libri</a></i>, XXI, 5, 5-6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Polibio3,14,2-3"><a href="#cite_ref-Polibio3,14,2_3-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Polibio" title="Polibio">Polibio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Storie_(Polibio)" title="Storie (Polibio)">Storie</a></i>, III, 14, 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tito_Livio" title="Tito Livio">Tito Livio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_condita_libri" title="Ab Urbe condita libri">Ab Urbe condita libri</a></i>, XXI, 5, 7-8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tito_Livio" title="Tito Livio">Tito Livio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_condita_libri" title="Ab Urbe condita libri">Ab Urbe condita libri</a></i>, XXI, 5, 9-17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Polibio3,14,3-9-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Polibio3,14,3-9_6-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Polibio" title="Polibio">Polibio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Storie_(Polibio)" title="Storie (Polibio)">Storie</a></i>, III, 14, 3-9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Lo stesso <a href="/wiki/Publio_Cornelio_Scipione_Emiliano" title="Publio Cornelio Scipione Emiliano">Publio Cornelio Scipione Emiliano</a> venne da allora, a ricordo della leggendaria impresa, soprannominato <i>Numantino</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Fonti primarie</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tito_Livio" title="Tito Livio">Tito Livio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_condita_libri" title="Ab Urbe condita libri">Ab Urbe condita libri</a></i>, XXI.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polibio" title="Polibio">Polibio</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Storie_(Polibio)" title="Storie (Polibio)">Storie</a></i>, III.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaccei&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Vaccaei"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vaccaei?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vaccaei?uselang=it">Vaccei</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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