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Rohetaristu – Vikipeedia
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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ajalugu_Euroopas_ja_Eestis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ajalugu_Euroopas_ja_Eestis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ajalugu Euroopas ja Eestis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ajalugu_Euroopas_ja_Eestis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komponendid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komponendid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Komponendid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komponendid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eesmärgid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eesmärgid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Eesmärgid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eesmärgid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kasu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kasu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kasu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kasu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rakendusalad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rakendusalad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rakendusalad</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rakendusalad-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa "Rakendusalad"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rakendusalad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Metsad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metsad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Metsad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metsad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elupaigad_ja_neid_ühendavad_rohekoridorid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elupaigad_ja_neid_ühendavad_rohekoridorid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Elupaigad ja neid ühendavad rohekoridorid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elupaigad_ja_neid_ühendavad_rohekoridorid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linnaruum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linnaruum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Linnaruum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linnaruum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Viited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rohetaristu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 14 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="بنية تحتية خضراء – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنية تحتية خضراء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraestructura_verda-blava" title="Infraestructura verda-blava – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Infraestructura verda-blava" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modro-zelen%C3%A1_infrastruktura" title="Modro-zelená infrastruktura – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Modro-zelená infrastruktura" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCne_Infrastruktur" title="Grüne Infrastruktur – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grüne Infrastruktur" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_infrastructure" title="Green infrastructure – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Green infrastructure" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraestructura_verde" title="Infraestructura verde – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Infraestructura verde" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="زیرساخت سبز – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زیرساخت سبز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trame_verte" title="Trame verte – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Trame verte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Za%C4%BC%C4%81_infrastrukt%C5%ABra" title="Zaļā infrastruktūra – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zaļā infrastruktūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9" title="グリーンインフラ – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グリーンインフラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A6rekraftig_infrastruktur" title="Bærekraftig infrastruktur – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bærekraftig infrastruktur" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zielona_infrastruktura" title="Zielona infrastruktura – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zielona infrastruktura" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B6n_infrastruktur" title="Grön infrastruktur – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grön infrastruktur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%C5%9Fil_altyap%C4%B1" title="Yeşil altyapı – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yeşil altyapı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3427027#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rohetaristu" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arutelu:Rohetaristu" rel="discussion" title="Arutelu selle lehekülje sisu kohta [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Arutelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Muuda keelevarianti" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" 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accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda lähteteksti</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=history" title="Selle lehekülje varasemad redaktsioonid [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Näita ajalugu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lehekülje tööriistad"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tööriistad" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tööriistad</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tööriistad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">peida</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Veel võimalusi" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Toimingud </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rohetaristu"><span>Vaata</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit" title="Muuda seda lehekülge [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6739384">.mw-parser-output th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output td.mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output 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10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #aaa;background:#DFE8FF}.mw-parser-output table.ombox{margin:4px 10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output table.tmbox{margin:4px 10%;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #c0c090;background:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output table.fmbox{clear:both;margin:0.2em 0;width:100%;border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output table.fmbox-editnotice{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output table.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output table.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cmbox{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cmbox{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}}</style></div><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Edit-copy_orange_button.svg/35px-Edit-copy_orange_button.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Edit-copy_orange_button.svg/53px-Edit-copy_orange_button.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Edit-copy_orange_button.svg/70px-Edit-copy_orange_button.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="43" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>See artikkel</b> <b>vajab <a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:Artiklite_toimetamine" title="Vikipeedia:Artiklite toimetamine">toimetamist</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small><i>(Oktoober 2014)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Palun aita <a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit">artiklit toimetada</a>.</small> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Juhend:Toimetusm%C3%A4rkuste_eemaldamine" title="Juhend:Toimetusmärkuste eemaldamine">Kuidas ja millal see märkus eemaldada?</a>)</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:%C3%96kodukt2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/et/thumb/9/9c/%C3%96kodukt2.jpg/220px-%C3%96kodukt2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/et/thumb/9/9c/%C3%96kodukt2.jpg/330px-%C3%96kodukt2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/et/thumb/9/9c/%C3%96kodukt2.jpg/440px-%C3%96kodukt2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C3%96kodukt" title="Ökodukt">Ökodukt</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Rohetaristu</b> ehk <b>roheline infrastruktuur</b> (inglise keeles <i>green infrastructure</i>) on <a href="/wiki/%C3%96koloogia" title="Ökoloogia">ökoloogiliselt</a> toimiv võrgustik, teisisõnu rohevõrgustik, mis ühendab looduslikke ja <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4randkooslus" title="Pärandkooslus">poollooduslikke</a> alasid. See peaks aitama säilitada looduslike <a href="/wiki/%C3%96kos%C3%BCsteem" title="Ökosüsteem">ökosüsteemide</a> väärtusi ning pakkuma hüvesid nii inimasurkondadele kui ka loodusele.<sup id="cite_ref-5XaQP_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5XaQP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rohetaristu mõiste pärineb Ameerikast 1990. aastate keskpaigast.<sup id="cite_ref-parnu_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parnu-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rohelisele infrastruktuurile on omane multiotstarbelisus, mis tähendab, et mingisugune maa-ala on võimeline pakkuma mitmesuguseid hüvesid<sup id="cite_ref-europa_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-europa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Seega võib rohetaristu olla <a href="/wiki/Elurikkus" title="Elurikkus">elurikkuse</a> säilitaja, kaitsja, kliimaoludega kohanemise leevendaja, keskkonna rikastaja, tervise parandaja, majanduse edendaja. Rohetaristut võib mõista ka kui planeeringulist lähenemist, mida rakendades koos mitmeotstarbelise maakasutusega, säilivad maastiku ökoloogilised funktsioonid<sup id="cite_ref-parnu_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parnu-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ajalugu_Euroopas_ja_Eestis">Ajalugu Euroopas ja Eestis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu Euroopas ja Eestis"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu Euroopas ja Eestis" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elupaikade fragmenteerimine ja ökoloogilise siduvuse kadumine viib elurikkuse ehk bioloogilise mitmekesisuse vähenemiseni. Selline arusaam pärineb 1980. aastatest, mil pandi alused Euroopa looduse terviklikule käsitlusele. 1970. aastatel kavandati Euroopas esimesed ökoloogilised võrgustikud ja alustati ka linnu ümbritsevate roheliste võrgustike planeerimisega. Aastal 1995 võeti vastu eesmärk luua aastaks 2005 üleeuroopaline ökoloogiline võrgustik. </p><p>Üleriigilise planeeringuga <a href="/wiki/Eesti_2010" title="Eesti 2010">Eesti 2010</a> määratleti 12 tuumala ja neid ühendavad tähtsamad koridorid. Aastast 2007 on rohelise võrgustikuplaneeringuga maakonna tasandil kaetud terve Eesti. Aastal 2012 koostati üleriigiline planeering <a href="/wiki/Eesti_2030%2B" title="Eesti 2030+">"Eesti 2030+"</a>, mille järgi on riikliku tähtsusega rohevõrgustiku struktuure jätkuvalt vajalik hoida terviklikuna. Seetõttu on pigem tegeletud rohevõrgustiku komponentide paiknemise täpsustamisega. Samuti on parandatud ka rohevõrgustiku ja maakasutuse sidusust.<sup id="cite_ref-parnu_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parnu-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komponendid">Komponendid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Komponendid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Komponendid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rohetaristu moodustavad looduslikud ja pool-looduslikud alad ning struktuurid. Neid laialdasi komponente on esmapilgul väga erinevaid: <a href="/wiki/Kaitseala" title="Kaitseala">kaitsealadest</a> <a href="/wiki/Rohekatus" title="Rohekatus">rohekatusteni</a>, maalt linnaruumi, maastikult mage- või merevette.<sup id="cite_ref-europa_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-europa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Põhielementide alla kuuluvad </p> <ul><li>olemasolev <a href="/wiki/Natura_2000" title="Natura 2000">"Natura 2000"</a> võrgustik, teised kaitstavad alad ja objektid;</li> <li>kõrge loodusväärtusega nii kaitse alla võetud (näiteks ökoloogilised võrgustikud, <a href="/wiki/Ramsari_rahvusvahelise_t%C3%A4htsusega_m%C3%A4rgalad" title="Ramsari rahvusvahelise tähtsusega märgalad">Ramsari alad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biosf%C3%A4%C3%A4r" title="Biosfäär">biosfäärikaitsealad</a>) kui ka väljapoole kaitsealasid jäävad alad;</li> <li>ökosüsteemid, ka tehislikud;</li> <li>looduslikud maastikuelemendid (näiteks veekogud, metsatukad, hekid);</li> <li>taastatud elupaigafragmendid, millel on teatud ülesanne (näiteks rannaniidud, vesilikutiigid, konnatiigid);</li> <li>tehiselemendid/-struktuurid, mille ülesandeks on aidata eri liikide isenditel läbida kunstlikke takistusi ja soodustada ühenduvust rohetaristu ruumiliste elementide vahel (<a href="/wiki/%C3%96kodukt" title="Ökodukt">ökoduktid</a> ehk loomasillad, <a href="/wiki/Kalatrepp" title="Kalatrepp">kalatrepid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kallasrada" title="Kallasrada">kallasrajad</a> ja teised roherajatised);</li> <li>maakasutusviisid, mis aitavad säilitada või taastada ökosüsteeme;</li> <li>linnaruumi elemendid (näiteks rohekatused, -seinad, pargid, <a href="/wiki/Linnamets" title="Linnamets">linnametsad</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-emu_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EIGgL_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EIGgL-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eesmärgid"><span id="Eesm.C3.A4rgid"></span>Eesmärgid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Eesmärgid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Eesmärgid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rohetaristu arendamise eesmärkideks on kõige üldisemas mõttes elurikkuse ehk loodusliku mitmekesisuse, ökosüsteemide ning nende funktsioonide ja hüvede tagamine, et võimaldada pikaajalist sotsiaalmajanduslikku arengut. </p><p>Selleks tuleks toetada ökosüsteemide toimimist ning kindlustada teenuste edastus. Peaks säilitama ja taastama elurikkust. Seda saab teha, kui parandada nii ruumilist kui ka funktsionaalset sidusust looduslike ja poollooduslike alade vahel. Selleks tuleb vähendada elupaikade killustatust ehk fragmenteeritust. Tuleks ka võimaldada kohandumisi, vähendades kliimamuutuste negatiivseid mõjusid. Üheks eesmärgiks oleks ka eluslooduse elastsuse suurendamine, et vähendada haavatavust läbi inimtegevuse.<sup id="cite_ref-emu_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samuti peaks suurendama teadlikkust elurikkusest üldsuse ja ruumilise planeeringuga seotud rühmade hulgas.<sup id="cite_ref-parnu_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parnu-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kasu">Kasu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Kasu"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Kasu" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roheline infrastruktuur võiks olla aruka ruumilise planeeringu keskmes. See pakub nii sotsiaalset, majanduslikku kui ka keskkondlikku hüvet. Roheline infrastruktuur tagab põlvkondade vältel inimasurkondadele puhta õhu ja veega <a href="/wiki/Keskkond" title="Keskkond">elukeskkonna</a>. Keskkondlik kasu on ka näiteks <a href="/wiki/Erosioon" title="Erosioon">erosiooni</a> vähenemises ja pinnase stabiliseerumises, energiakulu vähenemises läbi passiivse soojenemise ja jahenemise, vihmavee äravoolu juhtimises<sup id="cite_ref-EyFn6_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EyFn6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Rohetaristu abil on võimalik leevendada eluslooduse haavatavust <a href="/wiki/Kliimamuutus" title="Kliimamuutus">kliimamuutuste</a> suhtes – seda läbi elupaikade säilitamise ja taasloomise ning jätkusuutliku loodusandide kasutamise. Samuti ehitades <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohekoridor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohekoridor (pole veel kirjutatud)">rohekoridore</a> ja ökodukte, mis annavad võimaluse liikidel rännata inimese loodud keskkonnas. Kuna maastikuvaated võivad kinnisvara väärtust tõsta kuni 18%, on roherajatised kohad, mille läheduses soovivad inimesed suurema tõenäosusega elada<sup id="cite_ref-parnu_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parnu-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Rohetaristu põhimõtteid järgides on võimalik luua kohti vaba aja veetmiseks – lõõgastumiseks, huvidega tegelemiseks. Sellised looduses viibimise võimalused parandavad tervist ja üldist heaolu. Samuti pakub rohelise infrastruktuuri planeering töökohti ja ärivõimalusi ning stimuleerib pikaajalisi investeeringuid rohelisse kapitali.<sup id="cite_ref-europa_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-europa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wHMAI_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wHMAI-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rohealad ja -rajatised meelitavad töötajaid ning hoiavad neid motiveerituna.<sup id="cite_ref-parnu_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parnu-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seega on rohetaristu kui põhiline vahend, mis aitab tänu ühenduvuse elemendile peatada elurikkuse kadumist, tugevdada ja taastada elupaiku ja ökosüsteeme. Rohetaristusse investeerimine peab kaasa tooma olukorra, kus ökosüsteemi funktsioonid ja hüved säilivad.<sup id="cite_ref-emu_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rakendusalad">Rakendusalad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Rakendusalad"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Rakendusalad" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metsad">Metsad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Metsad"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Metsad" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Metsad vähendavad vihmavee äravoolu kiirust tänu mitmetasandilisele lehestikule, mis aeglustab saju maapinnani jõudmist. See toimib, kuna vihmavesi saab pinnastikule langeda pikema aja jooksul väiksemates kogustes ning jõuab ka suurema tõenäosusega mulda imenduda. Metsade olemasolu vähendab ka erosiooni ehk pinnase ärakannet, sest taimedel on juurestik, mis hoiab pinnast kinni. Samuti seisneb juurte tähtsus niiskuse omandamises ja selle juhtimises taime maapealsetesse organitesse, kust veeaur saab <a href="/wiki/%C3%95hul%C3%B5he" title="Õhulõhe">õhulõhede</a> kaudu atmosfääri aurustuda. See viib selleni, et maapind on võimeline vastu võtma rohkem vihmavett. Tänu metsakõdule filtreeritakse vihmavesi paremini. Samuti vähendab ka metsakõdu erosiooni teket, kuna see aeglustab pinnaveevoolu. Mida aeglasem on pinnaveevool, seda kergemini imenduvad ained maapinda. See vähendab saasteainete jõudmise ja setete kuhjumise riski veekogudesse (tiigid, ojad, järved, jõed) ning annab võimaluse taimedele ja mikroorganismidele toitainete omandamiseks. </p><p>Selle tõttu on suurematel metsaaladel kiirem põhjavee teke, aeglasem vihmavee äravool ning vähem toitaineid ja setteid ojades ja jõgedes võrreldes linna või põllumajandusliku maaga.<sup id="cite_ref-wodgk_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wodgk-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taimestik vähendab ka õhusaastet, mille tulemusel paraneb tervis kõrgema õhukvaliteedi tõttu. Sellisteks taimestiku eemaldatavateks õhusaastajateks on NO<sub>2</sub>, tolm, CO ja SO<sub>2</sub>. Õhusaasteained eemaldatakse atmosfäärist läbi gaasivahetuse ning osa neist sadestub maapealsetele taimeorganitele.<sup id="cite_ref-kbuCC_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kbuCC-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elupaigad_ja_neid_ühendavad_rohekoridorid"><span id="Elupaigad_ja_neid_.C3.BChendavad_rohekoridorid"></span>Elupaigad ja neid ühendavad rohekoridorid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Elupaigad ja neid ühendavad rohekoridorid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Elupaigad ja neid ühendavad rohekoridorid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elustiku ja looduslike elupaikade tulevik maal ja linnas sõltub keskkonnasõbraliku maakasutuse strateegiast, mis peab tähtsaks inimruumi ja metsiku looduse kooskõla. See tõstab ka rahva teadlikkust eluslooduse ja looduslike elupaikade tähtsusest nii elustikule kui ka inimheaolule. Juhul, kui seda ei rakendata, on inimasurkondade ja eluslooduse hüvede saamine piiratud, kuna liikide elupaigad on killustatud. Fragmenteerituse vähendamiseks on võimalik ehitada näiteks rohekoridore, ökodukte, kallasradu jm. Neid elemente kasutades saab läheneda rohetaristule ka <a href="/wiki/Maastiku%C3%B6koloogia" title="Maastikuökoloogia">maastikuökoloogia</a> vaatevinklist. Sellisel juhul on eesmärgiks rajada omavahel ühenduses olevaid maastikumosaiike, mis annavad tulemuseks mitmekesisema ja ulatuslikuma levikuala.<sup id="cite_ref-0rsPP_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0rsPP-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Linnaruum">Linnaruum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Linnaruum"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Linnaruum" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Linnaruumis kuuluvad rohetaristu komponentide alla kõik, mis toimivad sademete äravoolusüsteemis, vähendavad reostuse ohtu, toodavad hapnikku, absorbeerivad süsinikku, pakuvad liikidele elupaiku, parandavad vaimset tervist ja heaolu. Nendeks elementideks võivad olla kõiksugused roherajatised linnas, näiteks pargid, alleed, rohekatused, -seinad, -tänavad, linnametsad. </p><p>Linnametsad on rohetaristus olulised komponendid. Kasvatama peaks kohalikke puid ja taimi, sest kodumaine taimestik vajab vähem hoolt ja ressursse. Mürgised ja <a href="/wiki/Bioinvasioon" title="Bioinvasioon">invasiivsed</a> liigid tuleks kõrvaldada. Igal juhul on hea, kui linnataimestik on kõrge vastupanuvõimega, pikaealine, kasvukohaga sobiv ja kaunis. Linnametsades tuleb vältida ühekultuurset kooslust, et tõsta elurikkust ja seega ka vastupidavust keskkonnateguritele, näiteks saasteainetele, mis võivad puid kahjustada.<sup id="cite_ref-1gpEa_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1gpEa-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohet%C3%A4nav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohetänav (pole veel kirjutatud)">Rohetänavad</a> võimaldavad jalgratturitel ja jalakäijatel valida linnas liikumiseks tavalisest tänavast turvalisem ja tervisesõbralikum tee. Jalgratta- ja sõidurada võib rohetänavate puhul eraldada näiteks põõsariba, mis kaitseb rattureid autode ja õhusaaste eest. Jalakäijatel on turvalisem, kui tänu lühematele tänavatele on liiklus aeglasem. Allee istutamisel peaks jälgima, et puude juurtel oleks piisavalt lai kasvuala. See viib lopsakate ja tugevate taimede olemasolule. Rohetänavate energiasäästlik valgustus peaks paiknema taimede leherindest allpool, et parandada öist nähtavust.<sup id="cite_ref-Y54ml_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Y54ml-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rohekatuste abil saab reguleerida hoonete sisetemperatuuri ja vähendada sademete kasutut äravoolu kanalisatsioonisüsteemi. Rohekatus pikendab katuse iga ja on seega säästlikum ehitusviis. Samuti on rohekatustel võimalik kasvatada köögivilju, nautida esteetilist vaatepilti ja samal ajal vaimselt puhata.<sup id="cite_ref-f590B_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f590B-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haljasv%C3%B6%C3%B6nd" title="Haljasvöönd">haljasvöönd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kompensatsiooniala" title="Kompensatsiooniala">kompensatsiooniala</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohetaristu&action=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5XaQP-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5XaQP_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Green Infrastructure" European Comission, 19.09.2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/index_en.htm">http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/index_en.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-parnu-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-parnu_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-parnu_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-parnu_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-parnu_2-3">2,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-parnu_2-4">2,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-parnu_2-5">2,5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">"Peatükke planeerimisest" G. Raagmaa, P. Metspalu, M. Kiisel, T. Paaver, P. Mardiste, A. Roose, K. Leetmaa, H. Kalle, M. Gauk, D. Antov, L. Ventsel, M. Liinat, T. Veersalu, V. Palginõmm, K. Sepp, P. Vassiljev, R. Rõustik, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141020042323/http://pc.parnu.ee/~garri/Planeerimise%20lugemine/Roose%202014_peat%FCkke%20planeerimisest.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20141020042323/http://pc.parnu.ee/~garri/Planeerimise%20lugemine/Roose%202014_peat%FCkke%20planeerimisest.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-europa-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-europa_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-europa_3-1">3,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-europa_3-2">3,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">"Background on Green Infrastructure" European Comission, 22.08.2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/background.htm">http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/background.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-emu-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-emu_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-emu_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-emu_4-2">4,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">"Rohetaristu kui elurikkuse korraldamise vahend maastikul" Ain Kull, Mart Külvik, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://pk.emu.ee/userfiles/file/MH_failid/reverse/Rohetaristu%20kui%20elurikkuse%20korraldamise%20vahend%20maastikul.pdf">http://pk.emu.ee/userfiles/file/MH_failid/reverse/Rohetaristu%20kui%20elurikkuse%20korraldamise%20vahend%20maastikul.pdf</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:K%C3%B5dulingid#alaline" title="Vikipeedia:Kõdulingid"><span title=" Kõdulink (juuni 2022)">alaline kõdulink</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EIGgL-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EIGgL_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Rohetaristu arengutrendid ja tulevikusuunad" Kalev Sepp, Tuuli Veersalu, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.siseministeerium.ee/public/4_Eesti_2030_Rohetaristu_Kalev_Sepp.pdf">https://www.siseministeerium.ee/public/4_Eesti_2030_Rohetaristu_Kalev_Sepp.pdf</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:K%C3%B5dulingid#alaline" title="Vikipeedia:Kõdulingid"><span title=" Kõdulink (juuni 2022)">alaline kõdulink</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EyFn6-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EyFn6_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Green infrastructure: overview" American society of landscape architects, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43532">http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43532</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wHMAI-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wHMAI_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Green Infrastructure" American society of landscape architects, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.asla.org/greeninfrastructure.aspx">http://www.asla.org/greeninfrastructure.aspx</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wodgk-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wodgk_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Green infrastructure: forests and nature reserves. American society of landscape architects, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43533">http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43533</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kbuCC-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-kbuCC_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Portland's Green Infrastructure: Quantifying the Health, Energy, and Community Livability Benefits" City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/298042">https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/298042</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0rsPP-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0rsPP_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Green infrastructure: wildlife habitat and corridors" American society of landscape architects, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43534">http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43534</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1gpEa-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1gpEa_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Green infrastructure: cities" American society of landscape architects, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43535">http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43535</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Y54ml-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Y54ml_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Sustainable transportation and stormwater: green streets" American society of landscape architects, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.asla.org/sustainabletransportation.aspx#GreenStreets">http://www.asla.org/sustainabletransportation.aspx#GreenStreets</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f590B-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-f590B_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Green infrastructure: green roofs and walls" American society of landscape architects, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43536">http://www.asla.org/ContentDetail.aspx?id=43536</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐58df4496cf‐zlxxc Cached time: 20241105130056 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.176 seconds Real time usage: 0.252 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 768/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7130/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1513/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12832/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.041/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1082171/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 111.268 1 -total 63.82% 71.009 1 Mall:ToimetaAeg 49.86% 55.473 1 Mall:Ambox 27.56% 30.665 1 Mall:Viited 14.99% 16.682 2 Mall:Kõdulink 12.31% 13.693 2 Mall:Fix 8.65% 9.626 4 Mall:Category_handler 4.28% 4.758 2 Mall:Fix/category 1.98% 2.198 4 Mall:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key etwiki:pcache:idhash:381298-0!canonical and timestamp 20241105130056 and revision id 6138164. 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