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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shoghi Effendi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input 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Tilgjengelig på 30 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="شوقي أفندي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شوقي أفندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%B6vqi_%C6%8Ff%C9%99ndi" title="Şövqi Əfəndi – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şövqi Əfəndi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%99%D2%AF%D2%A1%D0%B8_%D3%98%D1%84%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Шәүҡи Әфәнде – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шәүҡи Әфәнде" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi_Rabb%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Shoghi Effendi Rabbání – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Shoghi Effendi Rabbání" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="شوقی افندی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شوقی افندی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%AB_%D4%B7%D6%86%D6%86%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB" title="Շողի Էֆֆենդի – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շողի Էֆֆենդի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shogh%C3%AD_Effend%C3%AD" title="Shoghí Effendí – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Shoghí Effendí" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%99" title="שוגי אפנדי – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שוגי אפנדי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96" title="Шоги Эффенді – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шоги Эффенді" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi_Rabb%C4%81n%C4%AB" title="Shoghi Effendi Rabbānī – gassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Shoghi Effendi Rabbānī" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="gassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3" title="ショーギ・エフェンディ – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ショーギ・エフェンディ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Шоги Эффенди – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шоги Эффенди" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%86%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%81%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="شۆقی ئەفەندی – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شۆقی ئەفەندی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Shoghi Effendi – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Shoghi Effendi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eevki_Efendi" title="Şevki Efendi – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şevki Efendi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%81%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="شوقی آفندی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شوقی آفندی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%88%E5%9F%BA%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%8A%AC%E7%AC%AC" title="守基·阿芬第 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="守基·阿芬第" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q318441#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusjon:Shoghi_Effendi&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden (ikke skrevet ennå) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shoghi_Effendi"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Shoghi_Effendi" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Shoghi_Effendi" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24829246">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift th{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{background-color:#fff;color:black;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output 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solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24829246"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi fastbredde"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Shoghi Effendi</th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shoghi_Effendi2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Shoghi_Effendi2.jpg/250px-Shoghi_Effendi2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Shoghi_Effendi2.jpg/375px-Shoghi_Effendi2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Shoghi_Effendi2.jpg/500px-Shoghi_Effendi2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1649" data-file-height="2095" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P1477 edit-props-P569 edit-props-P19">Født</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><a href="/wiki/1._mars" title="1. mars">1. mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1897" title="1897">1897</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-7df18b49f3bcd5aceb659c24e4536791e1b4856f_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-7df18b49f3bcd5aceb659c24e4536791e1b4856f-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-abdb0e7b1774c9436a4b69a7f6a6bcc48c2e13de_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-abdb0e7b1774c9436a4b69a7f6a6bcc48c2e13de-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-e306bdf8b571ba5114f756ee2fe6cacb9a9f7ec0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-e306bdf8b571ba5114f756ee2fe6cacb9a9f7ec0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318441?uselang=nb#P569" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Akko" title="Akko">Akko</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P570 edit-props-P20 edit-props-P509">Død</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><a href="/wiki/4._november" title="4. november">4. nov.</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-7df18b49f3bcd5aceb659c24e4536791e1b4856f_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-7df18b49f3bcd5aceb659c24e4536791e1b4856f-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-abdb0e7b1774c9436a4b69a7f6a6bcc48c2e13de_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-abdb0e7b1774c9436a4b69a7f6a6bcc48c2e13de-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-e306bdf8b571ba5114f756ee2fe6cacb9a9f7ec0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-e306bdf8b571ba5114f756ee2fe6cacb9a9f7ec0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318441?uselang=nb#P570" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> (60 år)<br /><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Beskjeftigelse</th><td colspan="2">Religiøs leder, Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith, <a href="/wiki/Oversetter" class="mw-redirect" title="Oversetter">oversetter</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318441?uselang=nb#P106" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utdannet ved</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Balliol_College_(Oxford)" title="Balliol College (Oxford)">Balliol College</a><br /><a href="/wiki/American_University_of_Beirut" title="American University of Beirut">American University of Beirut</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Ektefelle</th><td colspan="2">Rúhíyyih Khanum</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Nasjonalitet</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Palestina_(omr%C3%A5de)" title="Palestina (område)">Palestina</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Gravlagt</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></td></tr> <tr class="overskrift" valign="top"><td colspan="4">Signatur</td></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Shoghiwriting.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Shoghi Effendis signatur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Shoghiwriting.svg/250px-Shoghiwriting.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Shoghiwriting.svg/375px-Shoghiwriting.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Shoghiwriting.svg/500px-Shoghiwriting.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="157" data-file-height="97" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shoghi_Effendi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Shoghi Effendi">Shoghi Effendi på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Shoghi Effendi Rabbání</b> (født <a href="/wiki/1._mars" title="1. mars">1. mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1897" title="1897">1897</a>, død <a href="/wiki/7._november" title="7. november">7. november</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> under en reise til London) var den øverste leder for religionen <a href="/wiki/Bahai" title="Bahai">bahai</a> fra 1921 til sin død. Han var dattersønn av sin forgjenger <a href="/wiki/%60Abdu%27l-Bah%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="`Abdu'l-Bahá">`Abdu'l-Bahá</a> og oldebarn av bahais grunnlegger <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27u%27ll%C3%A1h" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'u'lláh">Bahá'u'lláh</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liv_og_virke">Liv og virke</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Liv og virke" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Liv og virke"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Han ble utpekt i sin morfars testamente til Beskytteren for det internasjonale bahai-samfunnet i 1921. Shoghi Effendi studerte ved <a href="/wiki/Balliol_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Balliol College">Balliol College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> ved sin morfars bortgang og begynte som ung mann å forme det verdensvide religiøse samfunnet. Han tok sete i <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. </p><p>Hans virksomhet skjedde gjennom bøker, religiøse kommentarer og brev til troende. Han oversatte også bøker av <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1b" title="Báb">Báb</a>, Bahá'u'lláh og `Abdu'l-Bahár fra arabisk og persisk til engelsk. Han var opptatt av å utbre bahai til flere land. I 1953 startet han en internasjonal tiårskampanje der pionerer ble sendt ut til en rekke land, og det ble holdt internasjonale konferanser i blant annet <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kampala" title="Kampala">Kampala</a>. </p><p>I løpet av hans tid vokste bahai til å bli en verdensreligion med over 400 000 tilhengere i mer enn 200 land.<sup id="cite_ref-VHS_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VHS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ved hans bortgang i 1957 ble ledelsen av bahai midlertidig overlatt til en gruppe på 27, kalt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sakens_Hender&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sakens Hender (ikke skrevet ennå)">Sakens Hender</a>. I 1963 ble det første valgte styret av <a href="/wiki/Det_universelle_rettferdighetens_hus" title="Det universelle rettferdighetens hus">Det universelle rettferdighetens hus</a> innsatt som bahai-troens lovgivende forsamling. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hash-7df18b49f3bcd5aceb659c24e4536791e1b4856f-1"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-7df18b49f3bcd5aceb659c24e4536791e1b4856f_1-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-7df18b49f3bcd5aceb659c24e4536791e1b4856f_1-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</span></span>, oppført som <span><span>Shoghi Effendi Rabbani</span></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shoghi-Effendi-Rabbani">biography/Shoghi-Effendi-Rabbani</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-abdb0e7b1774c9436a4b69a7f6a6bcc48c2e13de-2"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-abdb0e7b1774c9436a4b69a7f6a6bcc48c2e13de_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-abdb0e7b1774c9436a4b69a7f6a6bcc48c2e13de_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></span></span>, Find a Grave-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8186">8186</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-e306bdf8b571ba5114f756ee2fe6cacb9a9f7ec0-3"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-e306bdf8b571ba5114f756ee2fe6cacb9a9f7ec0_3-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-e306bdf8b571ba5114f756ee2fe6cacb9a9f7ec0_3-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Social Networks and Archival Context</span></span>, SNAC Ark-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6nw8bs5">w6nw8bs5</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VHS-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VHS_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Kilde for sitat og vurderinger er <a href="/wiki/Arne_Ruste" title="Arne Ruste">Arne Rustes</a> innledning til <i><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%E2%80%99%C3%AD-troens_skrifter" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá’í-troens skrifter">Bahá’í-troens skrifter</a></i>, 2007</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoghi_Effendi&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Shoghi Effendi. <i>Appell til nasjonene, utdrag fra Shoghi Effendi's skrifter</i>. Bahá'í forlag, 1986. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8290224087" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-90224-08-7</a></li> <li><i>Bahá'í-troens skrifter</i>. Utvalg og innledende essay av <a href="/wiki/Arne_Ruste" title="Arne Ruste">Arne Ruste</a>; oversatt av Arne Ruste og <a href="/wiki/Nasjonalt_%C3%A5ndelig_r%C3%A5d_for_bahaier_i_Norge" title="Nasjonalt åndelig råd for bahaier i Norge">Nasjonalt åndelig råd for bahaier i Norge</a>. Bokklubben, 2007. XLVII, 324 s. 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href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Bahai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Bahai (ikke skrevet ennå)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-rediger"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Rediger_side/Mal:Bahai" title="Spesial:Rediger side/Mal:Bahai"><abbr title="Rediger denne malen">r</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bahai" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bahai" title="Bahai">Bahai</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%E2%80%99u%E2%80%99ll%C3%A1h" title="Bahá’u’lláh">Bahá’u’lláh</a> • <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1b" title="Báb">Báb</a> • <a href="/wiki/%60Abdu%E2%80%99l-Bah%C3%A1" title="`Abdu’l-Bahá">`Abdu’l-Bahá</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shoghi Effendi</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martha_Root&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martha Root (ikke skrevet ennå)">Martha Root</a> • <a href="/wiki/Johanna_Schubarth" title="Johanna Schubarth">Johanna Schubarth</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bah%C3%A1%E2%80%99u%E2%80%99ll%C3%A1hs_apostler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahá’u’lláhs apostler (ikke skrevet ennå)">Bahá’u’lláhs apostler</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sakens_Hender&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sakens Hender (ikke skrevet ennå)">Sakens Hender</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bahaistar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bahaistar.jpg/80px-Bahaistar.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bahaistar.jpg/120px-Bahaistar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bahaistar.jpg/160px-Bahaistar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skrifter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Kitab-i-Aqdas" title="Kitab-i-Aqdas">Kitab-i-Aqdas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kit%C3%A1b-i-%C3%8Dq%C3%A1n" title="Kitáb-i-Íqán">Kitáb-i-Íqán</a> • <a href="/wiki/De_skjulte_ord" title="De skjulte ord">De skjulte ord</a> • <a href="/wiki/De_syv_daler" title="De syv daler">De syv daler</a> • <a href="/wiki/De_fire_daler" title="De fire daler">De fire daler</a> • <a href="/wiki/Den_persiske_Bay%C3%A1nen" title="Den persiske Bayánen">Den persiske Bayánen</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bahai-troens_skrifter" title="Bahai-troens skrifter">Bahai-troens skrifter</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Annet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Det_universelle_rettferdighetens_hus" title="Det universelle rettferdighetens hus">Det universelle rettferdighetens hus</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nasjonalt_%C3%A5ndelig_r%C3%A5d_for_bahaier_i_Norge" title="Nasjonalt åndelig råd for bahaier i Norge">Nasjonalt åndelig råd for bahaier i Norge</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%ADs_historie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahá'ís historie (ikke skrevet ennå)">Bahá'ís historie</a> • <a href="/wiki/Qiblih" title="Qiblih">Qiblih</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD-symboler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahá'í-symboler (ikke skrevet ennå)">Symboler</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tilbedelsens_hus" title="Tilbedelsens hus">Tilbedelsens hus</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bahai-kalenderen" title="Bahai-kalenderen">Bahai-kalenderen</a> • <a href="/wiki/Huq%C3%BAqu%E2%80%99ll%C3%A1h" title="Huqúqu’lláh">Huqúqu’lláh</a></div></td></tr><tr><td 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