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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vestment and iconography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vestment_and_iconography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Vestment and iconography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vestment_and_iconography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Christian_usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christian_usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Christian usage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christian_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Judaism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Judaism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>In Judaism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Judaism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indian_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Indian religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Girdles_in_literature_and_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Girdles_in_literature_and_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Girdles in literature and mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Girdles_in_literature_and_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Belt, esp. as a liturgical vestment</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Girdle_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Girdle (disambiguation)">Girdle (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anglican_priest_vested_in_an_alb,_cincture_and_purple_stole.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Anglican_priest_vested_in_an_alb%2C_cincture_and_purple_stole.jpg/220px-Anglican_priest_vested_in_an_alb%2C_cincture_and_purple_stole.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Anglican_priest_vested_in_an_alb%2C_cincture_and_purple_stole.jpg/330px-Anglican_priest_vested_in_an_alb%2C_cincture_and_purple_stole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Anglican_priest_vested_in_an_alb%2C_cincture_and_purple_stole.jpg/440px-Anglican_priest_vested_in_an_alb%2C_cincture_and_purple_stole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>A Christian (<a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a>) <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priest</a> wearing a white girdle around his waist to hold his <a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">alb</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">stole</a> in place.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Belt_(clothing)" title="Belt (clothing)">belt</a> without a buckle, especially if a cord or rope, is called a <b>girdle</b> in various contexts, especially historical ones, where girdles were a very common part of everyday clothing from antiquity until perhaps the 15th century, especially for women. Most girdles were practical pieces of costume to hold other pieces in place, but some were loose and essentially for decoration. Among the elite these might include precious metals and jewels. </p><p>Today, girdles are part of Christian liturgical <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestments</a>, and the word is used in other contexts, such as American sports (for what is really a kind of underwear). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)" title="Girdle (undergarment)">girdle as an undergarment</a> or abbreviated <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corset</a> around the waist is a different, essentially 20th-century, concept, but from around 1895 there was a fashion for "girdles" as a separate section of a fashionable dress, worn just above the waist on top of the main dress. It was typically up to about eight inches high, and often terminated in a "V" shape. It might be the same colour as the main dress or not. It differs from the earlier <a href="/w/index.php?title=Swiss_waist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swiss waist (page does not exist)">Swiss waist</a> of the mid-19th century by not having lacing or boning. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Godward_-_The_Ring.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Godward_-_The_Ring.jpg/200px-Godward_-_The_Ring.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Godward_-_The_Ring.jpg/300px-Godward_-_The_Ring.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Godward_-_The_Ring.jpg/400px-Godward_-_The_Ring.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1105" data-file-height="1622" /></a><figcaption>Grecian style <a href="/wiki/Tunic" title="Tunic">tunic</a> wrapped with a <i><a href="/wiki/Tainia_(costume)" title="Tainia (costume)">taenia</a></i> (ribbon) girdle.</figcaption></figure> <p>The men among the Greeks and Romans wore the girdle upon the loins, and it served them to confine the <a href="/wiki/Tunic" title="Tunic">tunic</a>, and hold the purse, instead of pockets, which were unknown; girls and women wore it under the bosom. The <i><a href="/wiki/Strophium" class="mw-redirect" title="Strophium">Strophium</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tainia_(costume)" title="Tainia (costume)">Taenia</a></i>, or <i><a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">Mitra</a></i> occurs in many figures. In the small bronze Pallas of the Villa Albani, and in figures on the Hamilton Vases, are three <i>cordons</i> with a knot, detached from two ends of the girdle, which is fixed under the bosom. This girdle forms under the breast a knot of ribbon, sometimes in the form of a rose, as occur on the two handsomest daughters of <a href="/wiki/Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a>. Upon the youngest the ends of the girdle pass over the shoulders, and upon the back, as they do upon four <a href="/wiki/Caryatid" title="Caryatid">Caryatides</a> found at Monte Portio. This part of the dress the ancients called, at least in the time of Isidore, <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/succinctorium" class="extiw" title="wikt:succinctorium">Succinctorium</a></i> or <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bracile" class="extiw" title="wikt:bracile">Bracile</a></i>. </p><p>The girdle was omitted by both sexes in mourning. Often when the tunic was very long, and would otherwise be entangled by the feet, it was drawn over the girdle in such a way as to conceal the latter entirely underneath its folds. It is not uncommon to see two girdles of different widths worn together, one very high up, the other very low down, so as to form between the two in the tunic, a puckered interval; but this fashion was mostly applied to short tunics. The tunic of the Greek males was almost always confined by a girdle. </p><p>Among the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxons" title="Anglo-Saxons">Anglo-Saxons</a>, it was used by both sexes; by the men to confine their tunic, and support the sword. Some were richly embroidered, and of white leather. A leather strap was chiefly worn by <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Metal girdles were manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Girdler" title="Girdler">girdlers</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vestment_and_iconography">Vestment and iconography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Vestment and iconography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christian_usage">Christian usage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Christian usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Accademia_-_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_by_Palma_il_Vecchio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Accademia_-_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_by_Palma_il_Vecchio.jpg/300px-Accademia_-_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_by_Palma_il_Vecchio.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="430" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Accademia_-_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_by_Palma_il_Vecchio.jpg/450px-Accademia_-_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_by_Palma_il_Vecchio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Accademia_-_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_by_Palma_il_Vecchio.jpg/600px-Accademia_-_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_by_Palma_il_Vecchio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4726" data-file-height="6771" /></a><figcaption>In Catholic belief, the <a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Thomas" title="Girdle of Thomas">Girdle of Thomas</a> is said to be handed down by the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a> during her <a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Cincture" title="Cincture">Cincture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zone_(vestment)" title="Zone (vestment)">Zone (vestment)</a></div> <p>As a Christian <a href="/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">liturgical</a> <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestment</a>, the girdle is a long, rope-like cord tied around the waist over the <a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">alb</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">cassock</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Parson%27s_Handbook" title="The Parson's Handbook">The Parson's Handbook</a></i> describes the girdle as being made "generally of white linen rope, and may have a tassel at each end. About 12 ft. 6 in. long is a very convenient size if it is used double, one end being then turned into a noose and the tasselled ends slipped through. The girdle, however, may be coloured."<sup id="cite_ref-Dearmer1907_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dearmer1907-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are used to close a <a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">cassock</a> in <a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Christian denominations</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Methodist_Council" title="World Methodist Council">Methodist Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_World_Federation" title="Lutheran World Federation">Lutheran Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore1996_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Christian_monastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian monastic">Christian monastics</a> would often hang religious texts, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> or <a href="/wiki/Breviary" title="Breviary">Breviary</a>, from their girdles and these became known as <a href="/wiki/Girdle_book" title="Girdle book">girdle books</a>. In addition, they would often knot the ends of the girdle thrice, in order to represent the "vows of <a href="/wiki/Poverty,_chastity,_and_obedience" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty, chastity, and obedience">poverty, chastity, and obedience</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, within the Christian Church, the girdle, in some contexts, represents chastity and within the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, "Proverbs 31 provides biblical reference to the ancient practice of girdle making by virtuous chaste women".<sup id="cite_ref-BershadMangone2011_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BershadMangone2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Christ</a> referred to the girdle as a symbol of preparation and readiness for service (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#12:35" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 12:35–38</a>)":<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Be dressed ready for service and keep your lamps burning, like servants waiting for their master to return from a wedding banquet, so that when he comes and knocks they can immediately open the door for him. It will be good for those servants whose master finds them watching when he comes. Truly I tell you, he will dress himself to serve, will have them recline at the table and will come and wait on them. It will be good for those servants whose master finds them ready, even if he comes in the middle of the night or toward daybreak.</p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Paul">Saint Paul</a>, in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+6:14&version=wnt">Ephesians 6:14</a> also references the term, stating "Stand therefore, first fastening round you the girdle of truth and putting on the breastplate of uprightness", further buttressing the concept of the girdle as a <a href="/wiki/Christian_symbol" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian symbol">symbol</a> of readiness.<sup id="cite_ref-Pink2013_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pink2013-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Christian clergy, such as Anglican priests and Methodist ministers, use the following <a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">prayer</a> when wearing the girdle: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Gird me, O Lord, with the girdle of purity, and quench in me the fire of <a href="/wiki/Concupiscence" title="Concupiscence">concupiscence</a> that the grace of <a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Christianity" title="Temperance (virtue)">temperance</a> and chastity may abide in me.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>By the 8th century AD, the girdle became established as a <a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">liturgical</a> vestment "in the strict sense of the word."<sup id="cite_ref-SmithCheetham1880_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SmithCheetham1880-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 800 AD, the girdle began to be worn by Christian <a href="/wiki/Deacons" class="mw-redirect" title="Deacons">deacons</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MARRIOTT1868_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MARRIOTT1868-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the general word "<a href="/wiki/Cincture" title="Cincture">cincture</a>" is sometimes used as a synonym for the girdle, liturgical manuals distinguish between the two, as the "girdle is a long cord or rope while the cincture is a wide <a href="/wiki/Sash" title="Sash">sash</a>. Generally an alb is closed with a girdle, an Anglican-style double-breasted cassock is closed with a cincture, and a Roman cassock is closed with either one."<sup id="cite_ref-Moore1996_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the medieval and early modern period there are also accounts of girdles being used as a mnemonic. These would be tied or decorated with bead so that, like a rosary, each notch would remind the wearer of a particular psalm or book.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The girdle, in the 8th or 9th century, was said to resemble an ancient <a href="/wiki/Levitical" class="mw-redirect" title="Levitical">Levitical</a> Jewish vestment, and in that era, was not visible. </p><p>The girdle, for men, symbolizes preparation and readiness to serve, and for women, represents chastity and protection;<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was also worn by <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">laypersons</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, as attested in literature. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Hagiographical" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagiographical">hagiographical</a> account of <a href="/wiki/Saint_George_and_the_Dragon" title="Saint George and the Dragon">Saint George and the Dragon</a> mentions the evildoer being tamed with the <a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">sign of the cross</a> and a girdle handed to <a href="/wiki/Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Virgin" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin">virgin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Indick2012_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indick2012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Judaism">In Judaism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Gartel" title="Gartel">gartel</a> is a belt worn by Jewish males, predominantly (but not exclusively) <a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidim</a>, during <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Prayer">prayer</a>. "Gartel" is <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a> for "belt" and is cognate with the English word "girdle". Gartels are generally very modest in appearance. Most are black, but some gartels are white. Hasidic custom requires that there be a physical divide between the heart and the genitalia during any mention of God's name. It is commonly explained that separating the upper and lower parts of the body manifests a control of the animal instincts of the person by the distinctly human intellect. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indian_religions">Indian religions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Indian religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Vajrayana" title="Vajrayana">Vajrayana</a> <a href="/wiki/Iconography" title="Iconography">iconography</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Hevajra_Tantra" class="mw-redirect" title="Hevajra Tantra">Hevajra Tantra</a></i>, the 'girdle' (Tib.: ske rags), one of the 'Five Bone Ornaments' (aṣṭhiamudrā) symbolizes <a href="/wiki/Amoghasiddhi" title="Amoghasiddhi">Amoghasiddhi</a> and the 'accomplishing pristine awareness' (Kṛty-anuṣṭhāna-jñāna), one of the '<a href="/wiki/Five_Wisdoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Wisdoms">Five Wisdoms</a>' (pañca-jñāna).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The iconography of the girdle (or bone apron and belt <sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) in Vajrayana iconography developed from one of the items of vestment adorning the <a href="/wiki/Mahasiddha" title="Mahasiddha">Mahasiddha</a> of the charnel grounds. </p><p>Beer (1999: p. 318) describes the bone girdle as the 'netted bone apron and belt' as vesture of the <a href="/wiki/Dakinis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakinis">Dakinis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heruka" title="Heruka">Heruka</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Cham_Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Cham Dance">Cham Dance</a> and Gar Dance of <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a> sacred ritual dance performances: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The bone ornaments worn in these ritual dances are exquisitely carved – especially the netted bone apron and belt, which are commonly adorned with intricately carved images of dakinis.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Girdles_in_literature_and_mythology">Girdles in literature and mythology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Girdles in literature and mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolaes_Kn%C3%BCpfer_-_Hercules_Obtaining_the_Girdle_of_Hyppolita_-_WGA12217.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Nicolaes_Kn%C3%BCpfer_-_Hercules_Obtaining_the_Girdle_of_Hyppolita_-_WGA12217.jpg/220px-Nicolaes_Kn%C3%BCpfer_-_Hercules_Obtaining_the_Girdle_of_Hyppolita_-_WGA12217.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Nicolaes_Kn%C3%BCpfer_-_Hercules_Obtaining_the_Girdle_of_Hyppolita_-_WGA12217.jpg/330px-Nicolaes_Kn%C3%BCpfer_-_Hercules_Obtaining_the_Girdle_of_Hyppolita_-_WGA12217.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Nicolaes_Kn%C3%BCpfer_-_Hercules_Obtaining_the_Girdle_of_Hyppolita_-_WGA12217.jpg/440px-Nicolaes_Kn%C3%BCpfer_-_Hercules_Obtaining_the_Girdle_of_Hyppolita_-_WGA12217.jpg 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="1250" /></a><figcaption><i>Hercules Obtaining the Girdle of Hippolyta</i> (<a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Kn%C3%BCpfer" title="Nikolaus Knüpfer">Nikolaus Knüpfer</a>, 17th century)</figcaption></figure> <p>Girdles are often portrayed as magical, giving power and strength if worn by men, and protection if worn by women. Several scriptures in the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> make use of the girdle as a symbol for readiness and preparation. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, both men and women were described as wearing girdles. <a href="/wiki/Hephaestus" title="Hephaestus">Hephaestus</a> gifted his wife <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Aphrodite" title="Girdle of Aphrodite">girdle</a> that made the wearer irresistible to others, which <a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a> used to seduce <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-friedman_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-friedman-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For his ninth <a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules" title="Labours of Hercules">labor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> was sent to obtained the girdle of <a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a>, queen of the <a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazons</a>. In the <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Leucothea" title="Leucothea">Leucothea</a> gives <a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a> a girdle-like "veil" that allows him to swim for three days straight<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p> The Babylonian goddess <a href="/wiki/Ishtar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishtar">Ishtar</a> wore a girdle, which, when it was removed, rendered the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a> barren. The Norse god <a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a>'s girdle <a href="/wiki/Megingj%C3%B6r%C3%B0" title="Megingjörð">Megingjörð</a> doubled his strength.<sup id="cite_ref-friedman_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-friedman-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_William_Waterhouse_-_The_Lady_of_Shalott_-_Google_Art_Project_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/John_William_Waterhouse_-_The_Lady_of_Shalott_-_Google_Art_Project_edit.jpg/300px-John_William_Waterhouse_-_The_Lady_of_Shalott_-_Google_Art_Project_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/John_William_Waterhouse_-_The_Lady_of_Shalott_-_Google_Art_Project_edit.jpg/450px-John_William_Waterhouse_-_The_Lady_of_Shalott_-_Google_Art_Project_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/John_William_Waterhouse_-_The_Lady_of_Shalott_-_Google_Art_Project_edit.jpg/600px-John_William_Waterhouse_-_The_Lady_of_Shalott_-_Google_Art_Project_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4180" data-file-height="3208" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_of_Shalott" title="The Lady of Shalott">The Lady of Shalott</a>, with a medieval girdle around her waist (<a href="/wiki/John_William_Waterhouse" title="John William Waterhouse">John William Waterhouse</a>, 1888)</figcaption></figure><p>Later, for women, the girdle became a sign of <a href="/wiki/Virginity" title="Virginity">virginity</a>, and was often considered to have magical properties. Monsters and all types of evil are recorded as being subdued by girdles in literature, a famous one being the dragon slain by <a href="/wiki/Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a>. Marriage ceremonies continued this tradition of girdles symbolizing virginity by having the husband take the wife's girdle, and <a href="/wiki/Prostitutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostitutes">prostitutes</a> were forbidden to wear them by law in historic France. Often in literature, women are portrayed as safe from sexual or other attack when wearing a girdle, but suddenly vulnerable if it is missing or stolen.<sup id="cite_ref-friedman_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-friedman-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Non-clothing uses in literature include <a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">Tolkien</a>'s "Girdle of Melian", a magical, protective "wall" surrounding an elven kingdom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a>, what is called a girdle is worn under the football player's pants to keep the hip, thigh, and tailbone pads in place, making the process of putting on the tight football pants easier. Older girdles resembled <a href="/wiki/Chaps" title="Chaps">chaps</a>, in that they covered only the front of the leg with pads, that snapped on. Modern girdles are essentially a tight pair of <a href="/wiki/Compression_shorts" class="mw-redirect" title="Compression shorts">compression shorts</a> with pockets for the pads. The girdle was also used in the <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_ballgame" title="Mesoamerican ballgame">Mesoamerican ballgame</a> and is used in hockey (<a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>). </p><p>Some designs are made specifically for use in the sport of <a href="/wiki/Ringette" title="Ringette">ringette</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/48px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/64px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confraternities_of_the_Cord" title="Confraternities of the Cord">Confraternities of the Cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_of_Thomas" title="Girdle of Thomas">Girdle of Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_book" title="Girdle book">Girdle book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_animals_referred_to_as_girdled" title="List of animals referred to as girdled">List of animals referred to as girdled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushti" title="Kushti">Kushti</a> worn by Zoroastrians</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himiana" title="Himiana">Himiana</a> worn by Mandaeans</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_(vestment)" title="Zone (vestment)">Zone (vestment)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRev._Thomas_D._Fosbroke1843" class="citation book cs1">Rev. Thomas D. Fosbroke (1843). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R-8wAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA942"><i>Encyclopaedia of Antiquities and Elements of Archaeology, Volume 2</i></a>. London: M. A. Nattali. p. 942.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Antiquities+and+Elements+of+Archaeology%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=942&rft.pub=London%3A+M.+A.+Nattali&rft.date=1843&rft.au=Rev.+Thomas+D.+Fosbroke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR-8wAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA942&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dearmer1907-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dearmer1907_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDearmer1907" class="citation book cs1">Dearmer, Percy (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Sp4SAAAAYAAJ"><i>The Parson's Handbook</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 141<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Parson%27s+Handbook&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=Dearmer&rft.aufirst=Percy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSp4SAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moore1996-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moore1996_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore1996_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore1996" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Stephen E. (1996). <i>Church Words: Origins and Meanings</i>. Forward Movement Publications. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780880281720" title="Special:BookSources/9780880281720"><bdi>9780880281720</bdi></a>. <q>Generally an alb is closed with a girdle, an Anglican-style double-breasted cassock is closed with a cincture, and a Roman cassock is closed with either one.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+Words%3A+Origins+and+Meanings&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Forward+Movement+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780880281720&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Stephen+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore1996" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Stephen E. (1996). <i>Church Words: Origins and Meanings</i>. Forward Movement Publications. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780880281720" title="Special:BookSources/9780880281720"><bdi>9780880281720</bdi></a>. <q>Christ referred to the girdle as a symbol of preparation and readiness for service (Luke 12:35-38). St. Paul referred to it as a symbol of truth (Ephesians 6:14). The girdle of the monastic habit, knotted three times at the ends, symbolizes the three vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. The girdle became a Christian symbol of chastity, possibly derived from the ancient Jewish custom of women wearing ornate girdles symbolic of their virtue (Proverbs 31). Some traditional clergy still use an old vesting prayer when putting on the girdle which says, "Gird me, O Lord, with the girdle of purity, and quench in me the fire of concupiscence that the grace of temperance and chastity may abide in me."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+Words%3A+Origins+and+Meanings&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Forward+Movement+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780880281720&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Stephen+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BershadMangone2011-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BershadMangone2011_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBershadMangone2011" class="citation book cs1">Bershad, David; Mangone, Caroline (27 December 2011). <i>The Christian Travelers Guide to Italy</i>. Zondervan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780310315759" title="Special:BookSources/9780310315759"><bdi>9780310315759</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Christian+Travelers+Guide+to+Italy&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=2011-12-27&rft.isbn=9780310315759&rft.aulast=Bershad&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Mangone%2C+Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pink2013-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pink2013_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPink2013" class="citation book cs1">Pink, Arthur W. (1 January 2013). <i>Practical Christianity</i>. Prisbrary. p. 281. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788997762446" title="Special:BookSources/9788997762446"><bdi>9788997762446</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Practical+Christianity&rft.pages=281&rft.pub=Prisbrary&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.isbn=9788997762446&rft.aulast=Pink&rft.aufirst=Arthur+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SmithCheetham1880-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SmithCheetham1880_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmithCheetham1880" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Sir William; Cheetham, Samuel (1880). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NjoPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA728"><i>Dictionary of Christian Antiquitics</i></a>. J.B. Burr Publishing Company. p. 728<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2015</span>. <q>It has been said that it was not till the 8th century that we meet with the girdle as an ecclesiastical vestment in the strict sense of the word.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Christian+Antiquitics&rft.pages=728&rft.pub=J.B.+Burr+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1880&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Sir+William&rft.au=Cheetham%2C+Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNjoPAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MARRIOTT1868-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MARRIOTT1868_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarriot1868" class="citation book cs1">Marriot, Wharton Booth (1868). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/vestiariumchris00marrgoog#page/n320/mode/2up"><i>Vestiarium Christianum; the Origin and Gradual Development of the Dress of Holy Ministry in the Church</i></a>. Rivingtons. p. 213<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2015</span>. <q>Till, in the eighth or ninth century, the idea of an intended resemblance in detail between the Christian and Levitical vestments was first broached, the Girdle, naturally was either not worn at all (with the <i>tunica talaris</i> it was not necessary), or, when worn, was not visible, and was thought of only as a matter of convenience. In none of the early monuments of the West before A.D. 800, is any trace of it to be seen. But in the East we have mention of a Girdle as worn by deacons, early in the eighth century.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vestiarium+Christianum%3B+the+Origin+and+Gradual+Development+of+the+Dress+of+Holy+Ministry+in+the+Church&rft.pages=213&rft.pub=Rivingtons&rft.date=1868&rft.aulast=Marriot&rft.aufirst=Wharton+Booth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fvestiariumchris00marrgoog%23page%2Fn320%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHinde1641" class="citation book cs1">Hinde, William (1641). <i>A faithfull remonstrance of the holy life and happy death of John Bruen</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">55–</span>59.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+faithfull+remonstrance+of+the+holy+life+and+happy+death+of+John+Bruen&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E55-%3C%2Fspan%3E59&rft.date=1641&rft.aulast=Hinde&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Indick2012-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Indick2012_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndick2012" class="citation book cs1">Indick, William (18 May 2012). <i>Ancient Symbology in Fantasy Literature: A Psychological Study</i>. McFarland. p. 124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786492336" title="Special:BookSources/9780786492336"><bdi>9780786492336</bdi></a>. <q>The hero uses the power of Christianity, the Sign of the Cross, to wound the dragon. Then, in an interesting twist, he calls to the virgin to toss her girdle round the dragon's neck. Upon being leashed by the virgin's girdle, the once impressible dragon is tamed. It follows the princess like a meek puppy-dog. St. George and the princess lead the dragon back to the village where it terrifies the townspeople. St. George promises to slay the beast, but only if the townspeople convert to Christianity, which they quickly do.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Symbology+in+Fantasy+Literature%3A+A+Psychological+Study&rft.pages=124&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2012-05-18&rft.isbn=9780786492336&rft.aulast=Indick&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jamgon_Kongtrul" title="Jamgon Kongtrul">Kongtrul, Jamgön</a> (author); (English translators: Guarisco, Elio; McLeod, Ingrid) (2005). <i>The Treasury of Knowledge (shes bya kun la khyab pa'i mdzod). Book Six, Part Four: Systems of Buddhist Tantra, The Indestructibe Way of Secret Mantra</i>. Bolder, Colorado, USA: Snow Lion Publications. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55939-210-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55939-210-X">1-55939-210-X</a> (alk.paper) p.493</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Beer, Robert (1999). <i>The Encyclopedia of Tibetan Symbols and Motifs</i>. Shambhala. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-416-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-416-X">1-57062-416-X</a>. Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XlqeS3WjSWIC&dq=five+bone+ornaments&pg=PA318">[1]</a> (accessed: December 28, 2008) p.318</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-friedman-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-friedman_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-friedman_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-friedman_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedman, Albert B., and Richard H. Osberg. "Gawain's Girdle as Traditional Symbol." The Journal of American Folklore 90.357 (1977): 301-15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomer" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i>. 5.330-390.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Odyssey&rft.pages=5.330-390&rft.au=Homer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGirdle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girdle&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Girdles" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Girdles">Girdles</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lutheran_Divine_Service" title="Template:Lutheran Divine Service"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lutheran_Divine_Service" title="Template talk:Lutheran Divine Service"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lutheran_Divine_Service" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lutheran Divine Service"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Order_of_the_Divine_Service_in_Lutheranism351" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Order of the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Service_(Lutheran)" title="Divine Service (Lutheran)">Divine Service</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Preparatory Service</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Entrance hymn and <a href="/wiki/Trinitarian_formula" title="Trinitarian formula">Trinitarian formula</a> (known as the Invocation)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitential_Act" title="Penitential Act">Penitential Act</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Confiteor#Usage_in_Lutheranism" title="Confiteor">Confiteor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Grace" title="Declaration of Grace">Declaration of Grace</a> (or <i><a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges</a></i> on Easter)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The Service of the Word</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">Introit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Patri" title="Gloria Patri">Gloria Patri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kýrie</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Gloria</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dominus_vobiscum" title="Dominus vobiscum">Dominus vobiscum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oremus" title="Oremus">Oremus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collect" title="Collect">Collect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> reading</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradual" title="Gradual">gradual</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Psalms#The_Psalms_in_Christian_worship" title="Psalms">Responsorial Psalm</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle" title="Epistle">Epistle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alleluia" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Tract_(liturgy)" title="Tract (liturgy)">tract</a> during <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_(liturgy)" title="Gospel (liturgy)">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn_of_the_day" title="Hymn of the day">Hymn of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homily" title="Homily">Homily</a> or <a href="/wiki/Postil" title="Postil">Postil</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sermon" title="Sermon">Sermon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a> (<a href="/wiki/Athanasian_Creed" title="Athanasian Creed">Athanasian Creed</a> on <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Sunday" title="Trinity Sunday">Trinity Sunday</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offertory" title="Offertory">Offertory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Intercessions" title="General Intercessions">Prayers of the Faithful</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The Service of the <a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_Lutheranism" title="Eucharist in Lutheranism">Eucharist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preface_(liturgy)" title="Preface (liturgy)">Preface</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Sursum_corda" title="Sursum corda">Sursum corda</a></i> / <i><a href="/wiki/Sanctus" title="Sanctus">Sanctus</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Hosanna" title="Hosanna">Hosanna</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_(liturgy)" title="Anaphora (liturgy)">Eucharistic Prayer</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Epiclesis" title="Epiclesis">Epiclesis</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Words_of_Institution#Lutheran_Churches" title="Words of Institution">Words of Institution</a> / <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Acclamation" title="Memorial Acclamation">Memorial Acclamation</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiss of peace">Sign of peace</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Pax_(liturgy)" title="Pax (liturgy)">pax</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Elevation_(liturgy)" title="Elevation (liturgy)">elevation</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb_of_God" title="Lamb of God">Agnus Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_Lutheranism#Manner_of_reception" title="Eucharist in Lutheranism">Distribution</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nunc_dimittis" title="Nunc dimittis">Nunc dimittis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postcommunion" title="Postcommunion">Postcommunion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benedicamus_Domino" title="Benedicamus Domino">Benedicamus Domino</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benediction" title="Benediction">Benediction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(liturgy)" title="Dismissal (liturgy)">Dismissal</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ite,_missa_est" title="Ite, missa est">Ite, missa est</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop#Lutheranism" title="Bishop">bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(Christianity)" title="Cantor (Christianity)">cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifer" title="Crucifer">crucifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon#Lutheranism" title="Deacon">deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Lutheranism" title="Elder (Christianity)">elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_of_all_believers" title="Priesthood of all believers">laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lector" title="Lector">lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor#Protestantism" title="Pastor">Pastor</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Priest#Lutheran" title="Priest">Priest</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_usher" title="Church usher">usher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parts of the Sanctuary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar#Protestant_Churches" title="Altar">altar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_bell" title="Altar bell">altar bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_crucifix" class="mw-redirect" title="Altar crucifix">altar crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_rail" title="Altar rail">altar rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneeler" title="Kneeler">kneeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscina" title="Piscina">piscina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">processional cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">tabernacle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_candle" title="Altar candle">altar candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_candle" title="Paschal candle">paschal candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_lamp" title="Sanctuary lamp">sanctuary lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_candle" title="Votive candle">votive candle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liturgical vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciborium_(container)" title="Ciborium (container)">ciborium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice#Christian" title="Chalice">chalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruet" title="Cruet">cruet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liturgical objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Offertory#Collection_of_alms" title="Offertory">collection basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water" title="Holy water">holy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a> (<a href="/wiki/Religious_use_of_incense#Christianity" title="Religious use of incense">use</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paten" title="Paten">paten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">sacramental bread</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wafer" title="Wafer">wafer</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">sacramental wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">thurible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Vestments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">alb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">chasuble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatic" title="Dalmatic">dalmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_gown" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva gown">geneva gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humeral_veil" title="Humeral veil">humeral veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">stole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">surplice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunicle" title="Tunicle">tunicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_book#Lutheran" title="Liturgical book">Liturgical books</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_hymnals#Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="List of hymnals">hymnals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Worship:_A_Lutheran_Hymnal" title="Christian Worship: A Lutheran Hymnal">Christian Worship</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Worship:_Hymnal" title="Christian Worship: Hymnal">Christian Worship</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Common_Service_Book" title="Common Service Book">Common Service Book</a></i> (1917)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Hymn-Book" title="Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book">Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Hymnary" title="Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary">Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Worship" title="Evangelical Lutheran Worship">Evangelical Lutheran Worship</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Book_of_Worship" title="Lutheran Book of Worship">Lutheran Book of Worship</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lutheran_Hymnal" title="The Lutheran Hymnal">The Lutheran Hymnal</a></i> (1941)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Hymnal_with_Supplement" title="Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement">Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Service_Book" title="Lutheran Service Book">Lutheran Service Book</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Worship" title="Lutheran Worship">Lutheran Worship</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ReClaim_Hymnal" title="ReClaim Hymnal">ReClaim Hymnal</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Service_Book_and_Hymnal" title="Service Book and Hymnal">Service Book and Hymnal</a></i> (1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church495" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Mass of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template talk:Mass of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mass of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church495" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Forms and uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Tridentine_Mass" title="Pre-Tridentine Mass">Pre-Tridentine Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preconciliar_rites_after_the_Second_Vatican_Council" title="Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council">After the Second Vatican Council</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a> (Ordinary Form)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican Use</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_order_liturgical_rite" title="Catholic order liturgical rite">Orders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedictine_Rite" title="Benedictine Rite">Benedictine Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelite_Rite" title="Carmelite Rite">Carmelite Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian Rite">Carthusian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercian_Rite" title="Cistercian Rite">Cistercian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Rite" title="Dominican Rite">Dominican Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbertine_Rite" title="Norbertine Rite">Norbertine Rite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Mass" title="Low Mass">Low Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_cantata" title="Missa cantata">Missa Cantata</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">Solemn Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">Pontifical High Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Papal Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sine_populo" title="Sine populo">sine populo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_Mass" title="Votive Mass">Votive Mass</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ritual_Masses17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ritual_Masses" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritual Masses">Ritual Masses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mass" title="Blue Mass">Blue Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_and_Conventual_Mass" title="Chapter and Conventual Mass">Chapter and Conventual Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_Mass" title="Coronation Mass">Coronation Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Mass">Gold Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuptial_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuptial Mass">Nuptial Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Mass" title="Red Mass">Red Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Mass">Rose Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem">Requiem Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Month%27s_mind" title="Month's mind">Month's mind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="White Mass">White Mass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_use_of_Latin" title="Liturgical use of Latin">Liturgical use of Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Latin" title="Ecclesiastical Latin">Ecclesiastical Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">Vernacular</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Order of Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Pre-Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vesting_prayers" title="Vesting prayers">Vesting prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges me</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vidi_aquam" title="Vidi aquam">Vidi aquam</a> in <a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_hymn" title="Processional hymn">Processional hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Liturgy of<br />the Word</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">Sign of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalm_43" title="Psalm 43">Psalm 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">Entrance Antiphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitential_Act" title="Penitential Act">Penitential Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confiteor" title="Confiteor">Confiteor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Gloria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominus_vobiscum" title="Dominus vobiscum">Dominus vobiscum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collect" title="Collect">Collect</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oremus" title="Oremus">Oremus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalms#Roman_Catholic_usage" title="Psalms">Responsorial Psalm</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gradual" title="Gradual">Gradual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epistle (liturgy)">Epistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alleluia#Roman_Rite" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tract_(liturgy)" title="Tract (liturgy)">Tract</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sequence_(musical_form)" title="Sequence (musical form)">sequence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_(liturgy)#Uses_in_the_Western_Churches" title="Gospel (liturgy)">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homily" title="Homily">Homily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credo" title="Credo">Credo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed</a> or <a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Intercessions" title="General Intercessions">Universal Prayer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Liturgy of<br />the Eucharist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Offertory" title="Offertory">Offertory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orate_fratres" title="Orate fratres">Orate fratres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Secret_(liturgy)" title="Secret (liturgy)">prayer over the gifts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preface_(liturgy)" title="Preface (liturgy)">Preface</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sursum_corda" title="Sursum corda">Sursum corda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sanctus" title="Sanctus">Sanctus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hosanna" title="Hosanna">Hosanna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_(liturgy)" title="Anaphora (liturgy)">Eucharistic Prayer</a>/<a href="/wiki/Canon_of_the_Mass" title="Canon of the Mass">Canon of the Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oblation" title="Oblation">oblation</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Epiclesis" title="Epiclesis">epiclesis</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Words_of_Institution" title="Words of Institution">Words of Institution</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elevation_(liturgy)" title="Elevation (liturgy)">elevation</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Anamnesis_(Christianity)" title="Anamnesis (Christianity)">anamnesis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_and_rubrics_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon">texts and rubrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonical_digits" title="Canonical digits">Canonical digits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_and_rubrics_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon">Roman Canon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="History of the Roman Canon">history</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Acclamation" title="Memorial Acclamation">Memorial Acclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embolism_(liturgy)" title="Embolism (liturgy)">embolism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_doxology" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucharistic doxology">doxology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_(liturgy)" title="Pax (liturgy)">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiss of peace">Sign of peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnus_Dei" title="Agnus Dei">Agnus Dei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dona_nobis_pacem" title="Dona nobis pacem">Dona nobis pacem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraction_(religion)" title="Fraction (religion)">Fraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Holy Communion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communion_(chant)" title="Communion (chant)">Communion antiphon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postcommunion" title="Postcommunion">Postcommunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(liturgy)" title="Dismissal (liturgy)">Dismissal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ite,_missa_est" title="Ite, missa est">Ite, missa est</a> / <a href="/wiki/Benedicamus_Domino" title="Benedicamus Domino">Benedicamus Domino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Gospel" title="Last Gospel">Last Gospel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Post-Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_Prayers" title="Leonine Prayers">Leonine Prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recessional_hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Recessional hymn">Recessional hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_server" title="Altar server">Altar server</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_altar_servers" title="Female altar servers">female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boat_boy" class="mw-redirect" title="Boat boy">Boat boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(Christianity)" title="Cantor (Christianity)">Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifer" title="Crucifer">Crucifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_minister_of_Holy_Communion" title="Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion">Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_congress" title="Eucharistic congress">Eucharistic Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lector" title="Lector">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_usher" title="Church usher">Usher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Altar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_crucifix" class="mw-redirect" title="Altar crucifix">Altar crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_rail" title="Altar rail">Altar rails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">Ambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antependium" title="Antependium">Antependium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)#Candles_and_candlesticks" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Candles and candlesticks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triple_candlestick_(Catholic_Church)" title="Triple candlestick (Catholic Church)">Triple candlestick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_candle" title="Paschal candle">Paschal candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_lamp" title="Sanctuary lamp">Sanctuary lamp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice_veil" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalice veil">Chalice veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_bench" title="Communion bench">Communion bench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_(liturgy)" title="Corporal (liturgy)">Corporal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credence_table" title="Credence table">Credence table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneeler" title="Kneeler">Kneeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">Lavabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">Misericord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pall_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pall (liturgy)">Pall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscina" title="Piscina">Piscina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purificator" class="mw-redirect" title="Purificator">Purificator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rood" title="Rood">Rood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Liturgical<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_bell" title="Altar bell">Altar bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday#Christian_use_of_ashes" title="Ash Wednesday">Ashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspergillum" title="Aspergillum">Aspergillum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugia_(candlestick)" title="Bugia (candlestick)">Bugia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censer" title="Censer">Censer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice#Christian" title="Chalice">Chalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciborium_(container)" title="Ciborium (container)">Ciborium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotalus_(instrument)" title="Crotalus (instrument)">Crotalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offertory#Collection_of_alms" title="Offertory">Collection basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion-plate" title="Communion-plate">Communion-plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruet" title="Cruet">Cruet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangeliary" title="Evangeliary">Evangeliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fistula_(liturgical_object)" title="Fistula (liturgical object)">Fistula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">Flabellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funghellino" title="Funghellino">Funghellino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water" title="Holy water">Holy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">Incense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_use_of_incense#Christianity" title="Religious use of incense">use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuterge" title="Manuterge">Manuterge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paten" title="Paten">Paten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">Processional cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyx" title="Pyx">Pyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">Sacramental bread</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wafer" title="Wafer">wafer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">Sacramental wine</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Must" title="Must">must</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">Thurible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_books_of_the_Roman_Rite" title="Liturgical books of the Roman Rite">Liturgical books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiphonary" title="Antiphonary">Antiphonary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A6remoniale_Episcoporum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cæremoniale Episcoporum">Ceremonial of Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_(liturgy)" title="Customary (liturgy)">Customary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Gradual" title="Roman Gradual">Roman Gradual</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graduale_Simplex" title="Graduale Simplex">Graduale Simplex</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Worship:_The_Missal" title="Divine Worship: The Missal">Divine Worship: The Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramentary" title="Sacramentary">Sacramentary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lectionary" title="Lectionary">Lectionary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Pontifical" title="Roman Pontifical">Roman Pontifical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonary" title="Tonary">Tonary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Vestments</a><br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">Alb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amice" title="Amice">Amice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">Chasuble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatic" title="Dalmatic">Dalmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_gloves" title="Episcopal gloves">Episcopal gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_sandals" title="Episcopal sandals">Episcopal sandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humeral_veil" title="Humeral veil">Humeral veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments" title="Pontifical vestments">Pontifical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">Stole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">Surplice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunicle" title="Tunicle">Tunicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimpa" title="Vimpa">Vimpa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year#Catholic_Church_liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Calendars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_calendar" title="Tridentine calendar">Tridentine calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1954" title="General Roman Calendar of 1954">General Roman Calendar of 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII">General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1960" title="General Roman Calendar of 1960">General Roman Calendar of 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a> (current)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmastide" title="Christmastide">Christmastide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_Time" title="Ordinary Time">Ordinary Time</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Septuagesima" title="Septuagesima">Septuagesima</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passiontide" title="Passiontide">Passiontide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Triduum" title="Paschal Triduum">Paschal Triduum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Ascensiontide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_discipline#Catholic_practice" title="Eucharistic discipline">Eucharistic<br />discipline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abstemius" title="Abstemius">Abstemius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concelebration" title="Concelebration">Concelebration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_etiquette" title="Church etiquette">Church etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_communion" title="Closed communion">Closed communion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_844" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon 844">Canon 844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_915" title="Canon 915">Canon 915</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_and_the_developmentally_disabled" title="Communion and the developmentally disabled">Communion and the developmentally disabled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_under_both_kinds" title="Communion under both kinds">Communion under both kinds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_in_the_Catholic_Church#Eucharistic_Fast" title="Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church">Eucharistic fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Communion" title="First Communion">First Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frequent_Communion" title="Frequent Communion">Frequent Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genuflection" title="Genuflection">Genuflection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_head_covering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian head covering">Head cover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_desecration" title="Host desecration">Host desecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_communion" title="Infant communion">Infant communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intinction" title="Intinction">Intinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserved_sacrament" title="Reserved sacrament">Reserved sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">Sacramental bread</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">wine</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Must" title="Must">must</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_communion" title="Spiritual communion">Spiritual communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_after_Communion" title="Thanksgiving after Communion">Thanksgiving after Communion</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anima_Christi" title="Anima Christi">Anima Christi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viaticum" title="Viaticum">Viaticum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_theology#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharistic theology">Eucharistic<br />theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blood_of_Christ" title="Blood of Christ">Blood of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Corpus_Christi" title="Feast of Corpus Christi">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epiousion" title="Epiousion">Epiousion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Grace in Christianity">Grace</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_opere_operato" title="Ex opere operato">ex opere operato</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_persona_Christi" title="In persona Christi">In persona Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_roots_of_Catholic_Eucharistic_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology">Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">Koinonia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colours" title="Liturgical colours">Liturgical colours</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mirae_caritatis" title="Mirae caritatis">Mirae caritatis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysterium_fidei_(encyclical)" title="Mysterium fidei (encyclical)"><i>Mysterium fidei</i> (encyclical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Eucharist" title="Origin of the Eucharist">Origin of the Eucharist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">salvific nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_of_Melchizedek" title="Priesthood of Melchizedek">Priesthood of Melchizedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_presence_of_Christ_in_the_Eucharist#Catholic:_Objective,_substantial_and_entire" title="Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist">Real presence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">Transubstantiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_of_the_Eucharist" title="Year of the Eucharist">Year of the Eucharist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Regulations<br />and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Accentus" title="Accentus">Accentus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_orientem" title="Ad orientem">Ad orientem</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Versus_populum" title="Versus populum">versus populum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Rubrics" title="Code of Rubrics">Code of Rubrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commemoration_(liturgy)" title="Commemoration (liturgy)">Commemoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_day_of_obligation" title="Holy day of obligation">Holy day of obligation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercession_of_saints" title="Intercession of saints">Intercession of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Mass" title="Order of Mass">Ordinary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proper_(liturgy)" title="Proper (liturgy)">Propers</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pro_multis" title="Pro multis">Pro multis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabbath_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Sabbath in Christianity">Sunday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Day" title="Lord's Day">Lord's Day</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape_feast" title="Agape feast">Agape feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_of_the_Apostolic_Tradition" title="Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition">Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Catholic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Christian liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Christian prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Prayer in the Catholic Church">effects of prayer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" title="Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Dicastery for Divine Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_de_Eucharistia" title="Ecclesia de Eucharistia">Ecclesia de Eucharistia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_adoration" title="Eucharistic adoration">Eucharistic adoration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benediction_of_the_Blessed_Sacrament" title="Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament">benediction</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dominicae_cenae" title="Dominicae cenae">Dominicae Cenae</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Holy_Hour" title="Holy Hour">Holy Hour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle" title="Eucharistic miracle">Eucharistic miracle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fermentum" title="Fermentum">Fermentum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_the_Lateran" title="Fourth Council of the Lateran">Fourth Council of the Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelineau_psalmody" title="Gelineau psalmody">Gelineau psalmody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="History of the Roman Canon">History of the Roman Canon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lex_orandi,_lex_credendi" title="Lex orandi, lex credendi">Lex orandi, lex credendi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_Movement" title="Liturgical Movement">Liturgical Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_reforms_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII">Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mediator_Dei" title="Mediator Dei">Mediator Dei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missale_Romanum_(apostolic_constitution)" title="Missale Romanum (apostolic constitution)"><i>Missale Romanum</i> (apostolic constitution)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Catholic_liturgical_music" title="Contemporary Catholic liturgical music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sacrosanctum_Concilium" title="Sacrosanctum Concilium">Sacrosanctum concilium</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_custodes" title="Traditionis custodes">Traditionis custodes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stercoranism" title="Stercoranism">Stercoranism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tra_le_sollecitudini" title="Tra le sollecitudini">Tra le sollecitudini</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Corsets_and_corsetmaking186" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Corsetry" title="Template:Corsetry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Corsetry" title="Template talk:Corsetry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Corsetry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Corsetry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Corsets_and_corsetmaking186" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">Corsets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corsetmaker" title="Corsetmaker">corsetmaking</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USpatent436431_1890_front.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/USpatent436431_1890_front.png/99px-USpatent436431_1890_front.png" decoding="async" width="99" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/USpatent436431_1890_front.png/149px-USpatent436431_1890_front.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/USpatent436431_1890_front.png/198px-USpatent436431_1890_front.png 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="1061" /></a></span></div></td><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corset</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_(clothing)" title="Basque (clothing)">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodice" title="Bodice">Corsage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corselet" title="Corselet">Corselet</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Girdle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waist_cincher" title="Waist cincher">Waist cincher</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USpatent436431_1890_back.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/USpatent436431_1890_back.png/98px-USpatent436431_1890_back.png" decoding="async" width="98" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/USpatent436431_1890_back.png/147px-USpatent436431_1890_back.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/USpatent436431_1890_back.png/196px-USpatent436431_1890_back.png 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="837" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Corsetmaker" title="Corsetmaker">Corsetmaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bone_(corsetry)" title="Bone (corsetry)">Bone (corsetry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busk_(corsetry)" title="Busk (corsetry)">Busk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoon_busk" title="Spoon busk">Spoon busk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_corsets" title="History of corsets">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corset_controversy" title="Corset controversy">Corset controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_corset" title="Metal corset">Metal corset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hourglass_corset" title="Hourglass corset">Hourglass corset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxey_Ann_Caplin" title="Roxey Ann Caplin">Roxey Ann Caplin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fetish_fashion" title="Fetish fashion">Corset fetishism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_modification" title="Body modification">Body modification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bondage_corset" title="Bondage corset">Bondage corset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neck_corset" title="Neck corset">Neck corset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tightlacing" title="Tightlacing">Tightlacing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_corset" title="Training corset">Training corset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasp_waist" title="Wasp waist">Wasp waist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Corset manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baystate_Corset_Block" title="Baystate Corset Block">Baystate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick%27s_of_Hollywood" title="Frederick's of Hollywood">Frederick's of Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraus_Corset_Factory" title="Kraus Corset Factory">Kraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirella" title="Spirella">Spirella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strouse,_Adler_Company_Corset_Factory" title="Strouse, Adler Company Corset Factory">Strouse, Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vollers_Corset_Company" title="Vollers Corset Company">Vollers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warnaco_Group" title="Warnaco Group">The Warner Brothers Corset Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_Corset_Company_Factory" title="Worcester Corset Company Factory">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Corsetry" title="Category:Corsetry">Corsetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fashion" title="Category:Fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Foundation_garments" title="Category:Foundation garments">Foundation garments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lingerie95" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#C8A2C8"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lingerie" title="Template:Lingerie"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lingerie" title="Template talk:Lingerie"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lingerie" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lingerie"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lingerie95" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lingerie" title="Lingerie">Lingerie</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Upper torso</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bra_designs" title="List of bra designs">Types</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bra" title="Bra">bras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_bras" title="History of bras">History</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandeau" title="Bandeau">Bandeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bralette" title="Bralette">Bralette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nursing_bra" title="Nursing bra">Nursing bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_bra" title="Sports bra">Sports bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_bra" title="Training bra">Training bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwire_bra" title="Underwire bra">Underwire bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_bra" title="Male bra">Male bra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other garments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babydoll" title="Babydoll">Babydoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bustier" title="Bustier">Bustier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camisole" title="Camisole">Camisole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudou" title="Dudou">Dudou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negligee" title="Negligee">Negligee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightgown" title="Nightgown">Nightgown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torsolette" class="mw-redirect" title="Torsolette">Torsolette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm" title="Yếm">Yếm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Lower torso</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bikini" title="Bikini">Bikini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyshorts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boyshorts">Boyshorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_knickers" title="French knickers">French knickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundoshi" title="Fundoshi">Fundoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)" title="Girdle (undergarment)">Girdle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_boxers" class="mw-redirect" title="Girl boxers">Girl boxers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panties" title="Panties">Panties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Period_underwear" title="Period underwear">Period underwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thong" title="Thong">Tanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tap_pants" title="Tap pants">Tap pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thong" title="Thong">Thong</a> (<a href="/wiki/G-string" title="G-string">G-string</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomers" title="Bloomers">Bloomers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Full torso</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodice" title="Bodice">Bodice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">Corset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corselet" title="Corselet">Corselet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_garment" title="Foundation garment">Foundation garment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightshirt" title="Nightshirt">Nightshirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Playsuit (lingerie)">Playsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(clothing)" title="Slip (clothing)">Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_(garment)" title="Teddy (garment)">Teddy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hosiery" title="Hosiery">Hosiery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodystocking" title="Bodystocking">Bodystocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garter" title="Garter">Garter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hold-ups" title="Hold-ups">Hold-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee_highs" title="Knee highs">Knee highs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantyhose" title="Pantyhose">Pantyhose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocking" title="Stocking">Stocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tights" title="Tights">Tights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_(clothing)" title="Basque (clothing)">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boudoir_cap" title="Boudoir cap">Boudoir cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bustle" title="Bustle">Bustle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemise" title="Chemise">Chemise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crinoline" title="Crinoline">Crinoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farthingale" title="Farthingale">Farthingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoop_skirt" title="Hoop skirt">Hoop skirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_bodice" title="Liberty bodice">Liberty bodice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)" title="Pannier (clothing)">Pannier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantalettes" title="Pantalettes">Pantalettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petticoat" title="Petticoat">Petticoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pettipants" title="Pettipants">Pettipants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waist_cincher" title="Waist cincher">Waist cincher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Accessories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falsies" title="Falsies">Falsies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingerie_tape" title="Lingerie tape">Lingerie tape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands" title="List of lingerie brands">List of lingerie brands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bras_N_Things" title="Bras N Things">Bras N Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmo_Lady" title="Cosmo Lady">Cosmo Lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figleaves" title="Figleaves">Figleaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HerRoom" title="HerRoom">HerRoom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journelle" title="Journelle">Journelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_%26_Co." title="True & Co.">True & Co.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corset_controversy" title="Corset controversy">Corset controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bralessness" title="Bralessness">Bralessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingerie_party" title="Lingerie party">Lingerie party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards" title="UK Lingerie Awards">UK Lingerie Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Girdle&oldid=1276128807">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Girdle&oldid=1276128807</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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