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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Academic career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academic_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academic career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academic_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mathematical_and_scientific_contribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mathematical_and_scientific_contribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mathematical and scientific contribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mathematical_and_scientific_contribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torah_codes_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torah_codes_controversy"> <div 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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours_and_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Honours and awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours_and_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت أومان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرت أومان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت اومان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="روبرت اومان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="রবার্ট আউমান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রবার্ট আউমান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Роберт Аўман – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роберт Аўман" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت اومان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روبرت اومان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%84%EC%9A%B0%EB%A7%8C" title="로버트 아우만 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로버트 아우만" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF_%D4%B1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ռոբերտ Աուման – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոբերտ Աուման" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8" title="रॉबर्ट औमान्न – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रॉबर्ट औमान्न" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._Aumann" title="Robert J. Aumann – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Robert J. Aumann" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="ישראל אומן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ישראל אומן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="რობერტ აუმანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რობერტ აუმანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertus_Aumann" title="Robertus Aumann – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Robertus Aumann" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberts_Aumans" title="Roberts Aumans – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roberts Aumans" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="روبرت اومان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت اومان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="ロバート・オーマン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・オーマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._Aumann" title="Robert J. Aumann – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Robert J. Aumann" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%B9_%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="رابرٹ آئیومان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رابرٹ آئیومان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel_Robert_Aumann" title="Israel Robert Aumann – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Israel Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Ауман, Роберт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ауман, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._Aumann" title="Robert J. Aumann – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert J. Aumann" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Robert Aumann" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Роберт Ауман – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Роберт Ауман" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Ауман Роберт – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ауман Роберт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._Aumann" title="Robert J. Aumann – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robert J. 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Robert Aumann</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:OMAN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/OMAN.jpg/220px-OMAN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/OMAN.jpg/330px-OMAN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/OMAN.jpg/440px-OMAN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="831" data-file-height="1159" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Aumann in 2015</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Robert John Aumann</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1930-06-08</span>) </span>8 June 1930<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 94)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Hesse-Nassau" title="Province of Hesse-Nassau">Hesse-Nassau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Prussia" title="Free State of Prussia">Prussia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Israeli, American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">City College of New York</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">MS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Field</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_economics" title="Mathematical economics">Mathematical economics</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Game_theory" title="Game theory">Game theory</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institution</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University" title="Stony Brook University">Stony Brook University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral<br />advisor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Whitehead,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="George Whitehead, Jr.">George Whitehead, Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral<br />students</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Schmeidler" title="David Schmeidler">David Schmeidler</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Hart" title="Sergiu Hart">Sergiu Hart</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Neyman" title="Abraham Neyman">Abraham Neyman</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Yair_Tauman" title="Yair Tauman">Yair Tauman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics">Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Plein_Nemmers_Prize_in_Economics" title="Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics">Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize" title="John von Neumann Theory Prize">John von Neumann Theory Prize</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Prize" title="Harvey Prize">Harvey Prize</a> in Science and Technology<br /> <a href="/wiki/Israel_Prize" title="Israel Prize">Israel Prize</a> for Economical Research</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ideas.repec.org/e/pau21.html">Information</a> at <a href="/wiki/Research_Papers_in_Economics" title="Research Papers in Economics">IDEAS / RePEc</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic background</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/301994587/"><i>Asphericity of alternating linkages</i></a> (1955)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert John Aumann</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_name" title="Hebrew name">Hebrew name</a>: <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">ישראל אומן</span></span>, <b>Yisrael Aumann</b>; born June 8, 1930) is an <a href="/wiki/Israeli-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli-American">Israeli-American</a> mathematician, and a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Academy of Sciences">United States National Academy of Sciences</a>. He is a professor at the Center for the Study of Rationality in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a> in Israel. He also holds a visiting position at <a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University" title="Stony Brook University">Stony Brook University</a>, and is one of the founding members of the Stony Brook Center for Game Theory. </p><p>Aumann received the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences</a> in 2005 for his work on conflict and cooperation through <a href="/wiki/Game_theory" title="Game theory">game theory</a> analysis.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He shared the prize with <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas Schelling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aumann was born in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt am Main</a>, Germany, and fled to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> with his family in 1938, two weeks before the <a href="/wiki/Kristallnacht" title="Kristallnacht">Kristallnacht</a> pogrom. He attended the <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Jacob_Joseph_School" title="Rabbi Jacob Joseph School">Rabbi Jacob Joseph School</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">yeshiva</a> high school in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-Olivestone_2022_Aumann_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olivestone_2022_Aumann-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aumann graduated from the <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">City College of New York</a> in 1950 with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">B.S.</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>. He received his <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">M.S.</a> in 1952, and his <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D.</a> in Mathematics in 1955, both from the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>. His doctoral dissertation, <i>Asphericity of Alternating Linkages</i>, concerned <a href="/wiki/Knot_theory" title="Knot theory">knot theory</a>. His advisor was <a href="/wiki/George_Whitehead,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="George Whitehead, Jr.">George Whitehead, Jr.</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_career">Academic career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Academic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1956 he joined the Mathematics faculty of the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a> and has been a visiting professor at <a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University" title="Stony Brook University">Stony Brook University</a> since 1989. He has held visiting professorship at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> (1971, 1985–1986), <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> (1975–1976, 1980–1981), and <a href="/wiki/Universite_Catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Universite Catholique de Louvain">Universite Catholique de Louvain</a> (1972, 1978, 1984).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mathematical_and_scientific_contribution">Mathematical and scientific contribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mathematical and scientific contribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_(GPO)_-_Nobel_Laureate_Yisrael_Aumann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nobel_Laureate_Yisrael_Aumann.jpg/220px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nobel_Laureate_Yisrael_Aumann.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nobel_Laureate_Yisrael_Aumann.jpg/330px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nobel_Laureate_Yisrael_Aumann.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nobel_Laureate_Yisrael_Aumann.jpg/440px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_Nobel_Laureate_Yisrael_Aumann.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2034" data-file-height="2928" /></a><figcaption>Aumann in 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>Aumann's greatest contribution was in the realm of <a href="/wiki/Repeated_game" title="Repeated game">repeated games</a>, which are situations in which players encounter the same situation over and over again. </p><p>Aumann was the first to define the concept of <a href="/wiki/Correlated_equilibrium" title="Correlated equilibrium">correlated equilibrium</a> in game theory, which is a type of equilibrium in <a href="/wiki/Non-cooperative_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-cooperative game">non-cooperative games</a> that is more flexible than the classical <a href="/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">Nash equilibrium</a>. Furthermore, Aumann has introduced the first purely formal account of the notion of <a href="/wiki/Common_knowledge_(logic)" title="Common knowledge (logic)">common knowledge</a> in game theory. He collaborated with <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley" title="Lloyd Shapley">Lloyd Shapley</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Aumann%E2%80%93Shapley_value" class="mw-redirect" title="Aumann–Shapley value">Aumann–Shapley value</a>. He is also known for <a href="/wiki/Aumann%27s_agreement_theorem" title="Aumann's agreement theorem">Aumann's agreement theorem</a>, in which he argues that under his given conditions, two <a href="/wiki/Bayesian_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayesian theory">Bayesian</a> rationalists with common prior beliefs cannot agree to disagree.<sup id="cite_ref-aumann1976_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aumann1976-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aumann and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Maschler" title="Michael Maschler">Maschler</a> used game theory to analyze <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmudic</a> dilemmas.<sup id="cite_ref-RiskAversion_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RiskAversion-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were able to solve the mystery about the <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy_problem" title="Bankruptcy problem">"division problem"</a>, a long-standing dilemma of explaining the Talmudic rationale in dividing the heritage of a late husband to his three wives depending on the worth of the heritage compared to its original worth.<sup id="cite_ref-ThreeWives_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThreeWives-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The article in that matter was dedicated to a son of Aumann, Shlomo, who was killed during the <a href="/wiki/1982_Lebanon_War" title="1982 Lebanon War">1982 Lebanon War</a>, while serving as a <a href="/wiki/Tank_gunner" class="mw-redirect" title="Tank gunner">tank gunner</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Armored_Corps_(Israel)" title="Armored Corps (Israel)">Israel Defense Forces's armored corps</a>. </p><p>Aumann's Ph.D. students include <a href="/wiki/David_Schmeidler" title="David Schmeidler">David Schmeidler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Hart" title="Sergiu Hart">Sergiu Hart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Neyman" title="Abraham Neyman">Abraham Neyman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yair_Tauman" title="Yair Tauman">Yair Tauman</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Torah_codes_controversy">Torah codes controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Torah codes controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aumann has entered the controversy of <a href="/wiki/Bible_code" title="Bible code">Bible codes</a> research. In his position as both a <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">religious Jew</a> and a man of science, the codes research holds special interest to him. He has partially vouched for the validity of the "<a href="/wiki/Bible_code#Rips_and_Witztum" title="Bible code">Great Rabbis Experiment</a>" by Doron Witztum, <a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_Rips" title="Eliyahu Rips">Eliyahu Rips</a>, and Yoav Rosenberg, which was published in <i>Statistical Science</i>. Aumann not only arranged for Rips to give a lecture on Torah codes in the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Humanities" title="Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities">Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities</a>, but sponsored the Witztum-Rips-Rosenberg paper for publication in the <a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</a>. The academy requires a member to sponsor any publication in its Proceedings; the paper was turned down however.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996, a committee consisting of <a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Aumann" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert J. Aumann">Robert J. Aumann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dror_Bar-Natan" title="Dror Bar-Natan">Dror Bar-Natan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hillel_Furstenberg" title="Hillel Furstenberg">Hillel Furstenberg</a>, Isaak Lapides, and Rips, was formed to examine the results that had been reported by H.J. Gans regarding the existence of "encoded" text in the bible foretelling events that took place many years after the Bible was written. The committee performed two additional tests in the spirit of the Gans experiments. Both tests failed to confirm the existence of the putative code. </p><p>After a long analysis of the experiment and the dynamics of the controversy, stating for example that "almost everybody included [in the controversy] made up their mind early in the game" Aumann concluded: "<i>A priori</i>, the thesis of the Codes research seems wildly improbable... Research conducted under my own supervision failed to confirm the existence of the codes – though it also did not establish their non-existence. So I must return to my <i>a priori</i> estimate, that the Codes phenomenon is improbable".<sup id="cite_ref-Federmann_Center_Aumann_et_al_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Federmann_Center_Aumann_et_al-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_views">Political views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Political views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These are some of the themes of Aumann's Nobel<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lecture, named "War and Peace":<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>War is not irrational, but must be scientifically studied in order to be understood, and eventually conquered;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeated_game" title="Repeated game">Repeated game</a> study de-emphasizes the "now" for the sake of the "later";</li> <li>Simplistic peacemaking can cause war, while an arms race, credible war threats and mutually assured destruction can reliably prevent war.</li></ol> <p>Aumann is a member of <a href="/wiki/Professors_for_a_Strong_Israel" title="Professors for a Strong Israel">Professors for a Strong Israel</a> (PSI), a right-wing political group. Aumann opposed <a href="/wiki/Israel%27s_unilateral_disengagement_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel's unilateral disengagement plan">the disengagement from Gaza in 2005</a> claiming that it was a crime against <a href="/wiki/Gush_Katif" title="Gush Katif">Gush Katif</a> settlers and a serious threat to the security of Israel. Aumann drew on a case in <a href="/wiki/Game_theory" title="Game theory">game theory</a> called the <i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="Blackmailer_Paradox"></span><span class="vanchor-text">Blackmailer Paradox</span></span></i> to argue that giving land to the Arabs is strategically foolish based on the mathematical theory.<sup id="cite_ref-Aumann_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aumann-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By presenting an unyielding demand, he claims that the Arab states will force Israel to "yield to <a href="/wiki/Blackmail" title="Blackmail">blackmail</a> due to the perception that it will leave the negotiating room with nothing if it is inflexible". </p><p>As a result of his political views, and his use of his research to justify them, the decision to give him the Nobel prize<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was criticized in the European press. A petition to cancel his prize garnered signatures from 1,000 academics worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a speech to the religious Zionist youth movement, <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Akiva" title="Bnei Akiva">Bnei Akiva</a>, Aumann got that Israel is in "deep trouble" due to his belief that anti-Zionist <a href="/wiki/Satmar_(Hasidic_dynasty)" class="mw-redirect" title="Satmar (Hasidic dynasty)">Satmar</a> Jews might have been right in their condemnation of the original Zionist movement. "I fear the Satmars were right", he said, and quoted a verse from <a href="/wiki/Psalm" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm">Psalm</a> 127: "Unless the Lord builds a house, its builders toil on it in vain." Aumann feels that the historical Zionist establishment failed to transmit its message to its successors, because it was secular. The only way that Zionism can survive, according to Aumann, is if it has a religious basis.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, Aumann joined the right-wing <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">religious Zionist</a> <a href="/wiki/Ahi_(political_party)" title="Ahi (political party)">Ahi</a> political party, which was led at the time by <a href="/wiki/Effi_Eitam" title="Effi Eitam">Effi Eitam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Levy" title="Yitzhak Levy">Yitzhak Levy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aumann married Esther Schlesinger in April 1955 in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>. They had met in 1953, when Esther, who was from Israel, was visiting the United States. The couple had five children; the oldest, Shlomo, a student in <a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Sha%27alvim" title="Yeshivat Sha'alvim">Yeshivat Shaalvim</a>, was killed in action while serving as a <a href="/wiki/Tank_gunner" class="mw-redirect" title="Tank gunner">tank gunner</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Armored_Corps_(Israel)" title="Armored Corps (Israel)">Israel Defense Forces's armored corps</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1982_Lebanon_War" title="1982 Lebanon War">1982 Lebanon War</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><span class="vanchor"><span id="Machon_Shlomo_Aumann"></span><span class="vanchor-text">Machon Shlomo Aumann</span></span>, an institute affiliated with Shaalvim that republishes old manuscripts of Jewish legal texts, was named after him. Esther died of <a href="/wiki/Ovarian_cancer" title="Ovarian cancer">ovarian cancer</a> in October 1998. In late November 2005, Aumann married Esther's widowed sister, Batya Cohn.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aumann is a cousin of the late <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Sacks" title="Oliver Sacks">Oliver Sacks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours_and_awards">Honours and awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Honours and awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1974: Foreign Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a><sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Prize" title="Harvey Prize">Harvey Prize</a> in Science and Technology.</li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Israel_Prize" title="Israel Prize">Israel Prize</a> for economics.<sup id="cite_ref-prize_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-prize-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Plein_Nemmers_Prize_in_Economics" title="Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics">Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics</a> from <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/The_EMET_Prize_for_Art,_Science_and_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="The EMET Prize for Art, Science and Culture">The EMET Prize</a> in the Social Sciences category, for Economics<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences</a> (share <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>1.3 million prize with <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas Schelling</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Yakir_Yerushalayim" title="Yakir Yerushalayim">Yakir Yerushalayim</a> (Worthy Citizen of Jerusalem) award from the city of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-YYawards_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YYawards-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1956: <i>Asphericity of alternating knots</i>, <a href="/wiki/Annals_of_Mathematics" title="Annals of Mathematics">Annals of Mathematics</a> 64: 374–92 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1969980">10.2307/1969980</a></li> <li>1958: (with <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._B._Kruskal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. B. Kruskal (page does not exist)">J. B. Kruskal</a>) <i>The Coefficients in an Allocation Problem</i>, <a href="/wiki/Naval_Research_Logistics" title="Naval Research Logistics">Naval Research Logistics</a></li> <li>1960: <i>Acceptable Points in Games of Perfect Information</i>, <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Journal_of_Mathematics" title="Pacific Journal of Mathematics">Pacific Journal of Mathematics</a> 10 (1960), pp. 381–417</li> <li>1974: (with <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley" title="Lloyd Shapley">L.S. Shapley</a>) <i>Values of Non-Atomic Games</i>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a></li> <li>1981: (with <a href="/wiki/Yair_Tauman" title="Yair Tauman">Y. Tauman</a> and S. Zamir) <i>Game Theory</i>, volumes 1 & 2 (in Hebrew), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Everyman%27s_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Everyman's University (page does not exist)">Everyman's University</a>, Tel Aviv</li> <li>1989: <i>Lectures on Game Theory</i>, Underground Classics in Economics, <a href="/wiki/Westview_Press" title="Westview Press">Westview Press</a></li> <li>1992, 1994, 2002: (coedited with <a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Hart" title="Sergiu Hart">Sergiu Hart</a>) <i>Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications</i>, volumes 1,2 & 3 <a href="/wiki/Elsevier" title="Elsevier">Elsevier</a></li> <li>1995: (with <a href="/wiki/Michael_Maschler" title="Michael Maschler">M. Maschler</a>) <i>Repeated Games with Incomplete Information</i>, <a href="/wiki/MIT_Press" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a></li> <li>2000: <i>Collected Papers</i>, volumes 1 & 2, <a href="/wiki/MIT_Press" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a>.</li> <li>2015: (with <a href="/w/index.php?title=I._Arieli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I. Arieli (page does not exist)">I. Arieli</a>) <i>The Logic of Backward Induction</i>, <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Economic_Theory" title="Journal of Economic Theory">Journal of Economic Theory</a> 159 (2015), pp. 443–464</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Israel_Prize_recipients" title="List of Israel Prize recipients">List of Israel Prize recipients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Israeli_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Israeli Nobel laureates">List of Israeli Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Jewish Nobel laureates">List of Jewish Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_economists" title="List of economists">List of economists</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/799">Robert J. Aumann</a> on Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157235#P8024" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Olivestone_2022_Aumann-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Olivestone_2022_Aumann_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlivestone2022" class="citation web cs1">Olivestone, David (25 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mizrachi.org/hamizrachi/jerusalemites-yisrael-aumann/">"Jerusalemites – Yisrael Aumann – World Mizrachi"</a>. <i>World Mizrachi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Mizrachi&rft.atitle=Jerusalemites+%E2%80%93+Yisrael+Aumann+%E2%80%93+World+Mizrachi&rft.date=2022-05-25&rft.aulast=Olivestone&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmizrachi.org%2Fhamizrachi%2Fjerusalemites-yisrael-aumann%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ma.huji.ac.il/raumann/cv.htm">"CV (Robert J. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CV+%28Robert+J.+Aumann%29&rft.pub=Einstein+Institute+of+Mathematics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ma.huji.ac.il%2Fraumann%2Fcv.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aumann1976-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aumann1976_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAumann1976" class="citation journal cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aumann, Robert J.</a> (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1214%2Faos%2F1176343654">"Agreeing to Disagree"</a>. <i>The Annals of Statistics</i>. <b>4</b> (6). <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Mathematical_Statistics" title="Institute of Mathematical Statistics">Institute of Mathematical Statistics</a>: 1236–1239. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1214%2Faos%2F1176343654">10.1214/aos/1176343654</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0090-5364">0090-5364</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2958591">2958591</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Annals+of+Statistics&rft.atitle=Agreeing+to+Disagree&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1236-1239&rft.date=1976&rft.issn=0090-5364&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2958591%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1214%2Faos%2F1176343654&rft.aulast=Aumann&rft.aufirst=Robert+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1214%252Faos%252F1176343654&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RiskAversion-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RiskAversion_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAumann2003" class="citation journal cs1">Aumann, Robert J. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ma.huji.ac.il/~raumann/pdf/Risk%20aversion%20in%20the%20Talmud.pdf">"Risk Aversion in the Talmud"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Economic_Theory_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Theory (journal)">Economic Theory</a></i>. <b>21</b> (2–3). <a href="/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" title="Springer Science+Business Media">Springer-Verlag</a>: 233–239. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00199-002-0304-9">10.1007/s00199-002-0304-9</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153741018">153741018</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Theory&rft.atitle=Risk+Aversion+in+the+Talmud&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2%E2%80%933&rft.pages=233-239&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00199-002-0304-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153741018%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Aumann&rft.aufirst=Robert+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ma.huji.ac.il%2F~raumann%2Fpdf%2FRisk%2520aversion%2520in%2520the%2520Talmud.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ThreeWives-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ThreeWives_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAumann1999" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Aumann, Yisrael (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ma.huji.ac.il/~raumann/pdf/Man%20with%20Three%20Wives.pdf">"B'Inyan Mi SheHayah Nasui Shalosh Nashim" <bdi lang="he">בענין מי שהיה נשוי שלוש נשים</bdi></a> [Regarding One who was Married to Three Wives] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>מוריה (Moriah)</i> (in Hebrew). <b>22</b> (3–4). <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Machon_Yerushalayim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Machon Yerushalayim (page does not exist)">Machon Yerushalayim</a>: 98–107<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94+%28Moriah%29&rft.atitle=B%27Inyan+Mi+SheHayah+Nasui+Shalosh+Nashim+%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%9E%D7%99+%D7%A9%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94+%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%99+%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A9+%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9D&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=98-107&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Aumann&rft.aufirst=Yisrael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ma.huji.ac.il%2F~raumann%2Fpdf%2FMan%2520with%2520Three%2520Wives.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (August 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzpiro2006" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/George_Szpiro" title="George Szpiro">Szpiro, George G.</a> (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qIXl0kEwrVMC&pg=PA190"><i>The Secret Life of Numbers: 50 Easy Pieces on how Mathematicians Work and Think</i></a>, National Academies Press, p. 190, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780309096584" title="Special:BookSources/9780309096584"><bdi>9780309096584</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secret+Life+of+Numbers%3A+50+Easy+Pieces+on+how+Mathematicians+Work+and+Think&rft.pages=190&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780309096584&rft.aulast=Szpiro&rft.aufirst=George+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqIXl0kEwrVMC%26pg%3DPA190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Federmann_Center_Aumann_et_al-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Federmann_Center_Aumann_et_al_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAumannFurstenbergLapidesWitztum" class="citation web cs1">Aumann, R.H.; Furstenberg, H.; Lapides, I.; Witztum, D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratio.huji.ac.il/publications/analyses-gans-%C2%9D-committee-report">"Analyses of the Gans Committee Report"</a>. <i>The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull&cid=1202246357040">the original</a> on 2012-01-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=New+party+starts+%27Anglo%27+registration+drive&rft.date=2008-02-09&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Gil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffr.jpost.com%2Fservlet%2FSatellite%3Fpagename%3DJPost%252FJPArticle%252FShowFull%26cid%3D1202246357040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.eitam.org.il/info_en.asp?id=2062535187">http://www.eitam.org.il/info_en.asp?id=2062535187</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080626222319/http://www.eitam.org.il/info_en.asp?id=2062535187">Archived</a> 2008-06-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSacks2015" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Sacks" title="Oliver Sacks">Sacks, Oliver</a> (14 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/16/opinion/sunday/oliver-sacks-sabbath.html">"Sabbath"</a>. Opinion | Oliver Sacks. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sabbath&rft.date=2015-08-14&rft.aulast=Sacks&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F08%2F16%2Fopinion%2Fsunday%2Foliver-sacks-sabbath.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAAS-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AAAS_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterA.pdf">"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. American Academy of Arts and Sciences<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Book+of+Members%2C+1780%E2%80%932010%3A+Chapter+A&rft.pub=American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fpublications%2FBookofMembers%2FChapterA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-prize-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-prize_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/TashnagTashsab/TASNAG_TASNAT_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashnad">"Israel Prize Official Site – Recipients in 1994 (in Hebrew)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel+Prize+Official+Site+%E2%80%93+Recipients+in+1994+%28in+Hebrew%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcms.education.gov.il%2FEducationCMS%2FUnits%2FPrasIsrael%2FTashnagTashsab%2FTASNAG_TASNAT_Rikuz.htm%3FDictionaryKey%3DTashnad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.northwestern.edu/provost/awards/nemmers/nemprecon.html">Nemmers Prize Recipients</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060222123808/http://www.northwestern.edu/provost/awards/nemmers/nemprecon.html">Archived</a> 2006-02-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Northwestern University</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.emetprize.org/laureates/social-sciences/economics/prof-israel-aumann/">"The EMET Prize for Art, Science and Culture in the Social Sciences"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+EMET+Prize+for+Art%2C+Science+and+Culture+in+the+Social+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.emetprize.org%2Flaureates%2Fsocial-sciences%2Feconomics%2Fprof-israel-aumann%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YYawards-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-YYawards_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022034528/http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/jer_main/TopSiteJeru.asp?newstr=3&src=%2Fjer_sys%2Fpublish%2FHtmlFiles%2F1030%2Fresults_pub_id%3D12594.html&cont=895">"Recipients of Yakir Yerushalayim award (in Hebrew)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/jer_main/TopSiteJeru.asp?newstr=3&src=/jer_sys/publish/HtmlFiles/1030/results_pub_id=12594.html&cont=895">the original</a> on 2013-10-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Recipients+of+Yakir+Yerushalayim+award+%28in+Hebrew%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerusalem.muni.il%2Fjer_main%2FTopSiteJeru.asp%3Fnewstr%3D3%26src%3D%2Fjer_sys%2Fpublish%2FHtmlFiles%2F1030%2Fresults_pub_id%3D12594.html%26cont%3D895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Aumann" class="Z3988"></span> City of Jerusalem official website</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Aumann&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Robert_Aumann" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Robert Aumann">Robert Aumann</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Robert_Aumann" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Robert Aumann">Robert Aumann</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ma.huji.ac.il/~raumann/">Official homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/799">Robert J. Aumann</a> on Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157235#P8024" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Finn_E._Kydland" title="Finn E. Kydland">Finn E. Kydland</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Prescott" title="Edward C. Prescott">Edward C. Prescott</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_laureates_in_Economics" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics">Laureate of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics</a> </b><br />2005 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Schelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas C. Schelling">Thomas C. Schelling</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_S._Phelps" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmund S. Phelps">Edmund S. Phelps</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Israeli_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Israeli Nobel laureates">Israeli Nobel laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Yosef_Agnon" title="Shmuel Yosef Agnon">Shmuel Yosef Agnon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Peace">Peace</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Peace">Peace</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <i><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" title="Daniel Kahneman">Daniel Kahneman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economics</a>)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a> / <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Aumann</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economics</a>)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada Yonath</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Dan Shechtman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt_(biophysicist)" title="Michael Levitt (biophysicist)">Michael Levitt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel">Arieh Warshel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021: <i><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Angrist" title="Joshua Angrist">Joshua Angrist</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economics</a>)</i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate a Nobel Memorial Prize, i.e. not one of the original Prizes bequested by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Nobel" title="Alfred Nobel">Alfred Nobel</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Sveriges_Riksbank_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences_laureates" title="Template:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences_laureates" title="Template talk:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Sveriges_Riksbank_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_laureates_in_Economic_Sciences" title="List of Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economic Sciences">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Frisch" title="Ragnar Frisch">Ragnar Frisch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jan_Tinbergen" title="Jan Tinbergen">Jan Tinbergen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Samuelson" title="Paul Samuelson">Paul A. Samuelson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Simon_Kuznets" title="Simon Kuznets">Simon Kuznets</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/John_Hicks" title="John Hicks">John R. Hicks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth J. Arrow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Wassily_Leontief" title="Wassily Leontief">Wassily Leontief</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Myrdal" title="Gunnar Myrdal">Gunnar Myrdal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Friedrich August von Hayek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kantorovich" title="Leonid Kantorovich">Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tjalling_Koopmans" title="Tjalling Koopmans">Tjalling C. Koopmans</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Bertil_Ohlin" title="Bertil Ohlin">Bertil Ohlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Meade" title="James Meade">James E. Meade</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert A. Simon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Schultz" title="Theodore Schultz">Theodore W. Schultz</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._Arthur_Lewis" title="W. Arthur Lewis">Sir Arthur Lewis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Klein" title="Lawrence Klein">Lawrence R. Klein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/James_Tobin" title="James Tobin">James Tobin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/George_Stigler" title="George Stigler">George J. Stigler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Debreu" title="Gérard Debreu">Gérard Debreu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stone" title="Richard Stone">Richard Stone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Franco_Modigliani" title="Franco Modigliani">Franco Modigliani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/James_M._Buchanan" title="James M. Buchanan">James M. Buchanan Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Solow" title="Robert Solow">Robert M. Solow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Allais" title="Maurice Allais">Maurice Allais</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Trygve_Haavelmo" title="Trygve Haavelmo">Trygve Haavelmo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Harry_Markowitz" title="Harry Markowitz">Harry M. Markowitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Merton_Miller" title="Merton Miller">Merton H. Miller</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_F._Sharpe" title="William F. Sharpe">William F. Sharpe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Coase" title="Ronald Coase">Ronald H. Coase</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Gary_Becker" title="Gary Becker">Gary S. Becker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fogel" title="Robert Fogel">Robert W. Fogel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Douglass_North" title="Douglass North">Douglass C. North</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">John C. Harsanyi</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash Jr.">John F. Nash Jr.</a> / <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten">Reinhard Selten</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lucas_Jr." title="Robert Lucas Jr.">Robert E. Lucas Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/James_Mirrlees" title="James Mirrlees">James A. Mirrlees</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Vickrey" title="William Vickrey">William Vickrey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Merton" title="Robert C. Merton">Robert C. Merton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Myron_Scholes" title="Myron Scholes">Myron S. Scholes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mundell" title="Robert Mundell">Robert A. Mundell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/James_Heckman" title="James Heckman">James J. Heckman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_McFadden" title="Daniel McFadden">Daniel L. McFadden</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/George_Akerlof" title="George Akerlof">George A. Akerlof</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Spence" title="Michael Spence">A. Michael Spence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stiglitz" title="Joseph Stiglitz">Joseph E. Stiglitz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" title="Daniel Kahneman">Daniel Kahneman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vernon_L._Smith" title="Vernon L. Smith">Vernon L. Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Engle" title="Robert F. Engle">Robert F. Engle III</a> / <a href="/wiki/Clive_Granger" title="Clive Granger">Clive W.J. Granger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Finn_E._Kydland" title="Finn E. Kydland">Finn E. Kydland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Prescott" title="Edward C. Prescott">Edward C. Prescott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert J. Aumann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas C. Schelling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Phelps" title="Edmund Phelps">Edmund S. Phelps</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Hurwicz" title="Leonid Hurwicz">Leonid Hurwicz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_Maskin" title="Eric Maskin">Eric S. Maskin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Myerson" title="Roger Myerson">Roger B. Myerson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Krugman" title="Paul Krugman">Paul Krugman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Elinor_Ostrom" title="Elinor Ostrom">Elinor Ostrom</a> / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_E._Williamson" title="Oliver E. Williamson">Oliver E. Williamson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Diamond" title="Peter Diamond">Peter A. Diamond</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dale_T._Mortensen" title="Dale T. Mortensen">Dale T. Mortensen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christopher_A._Pissarides" title="Christopher A. Pissarides">Christopher A. Pissarides</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Sargent" title="Thomas J. Sargent">Thomas J. Sargent</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christopher_A._Sims" title="Christopher A. Sims">Christopher A. Sims</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Alvin_E._Roth" title="Alvin E. Roth">Alvin E. Roth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley" title="Lloyd Shapley">Lloyd S. Shapley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Fama" title="Eugene Fama">Eugene F. Fama</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lars_Peter_Hansen" title="Lars Peter Hansen">Lars Peter Hansen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Shiller" title="Robert J. Shiller">Robert J. Shiller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Tirole" title="Jean Tirole">Jean Tirole</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Angus_Deaton" title="Angus Deaton">Angus Deaton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Hart_(economist)" title="Oliver Hart (economist)">Oliver Hart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bengt_Holmstr%C3%B6m" title="Bengt Holmström">Bengt Holmström</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Thaler" title="Richard Thaler">Richard H. Thaler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/William_Nordhaus" title="William Nordhaus">William Nordhaus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Romer" title="Paul Romer">Paul Romer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abhijit_Banerjee" title="Abhijit Banerjee">Abhijit Banerjee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Esther_Duflo" title="Esther Duflo">Esther Duflo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kremer" title="Michael Kremer">Michael Kremer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="2020 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Milgrom" title="Paul Milgrom">Paul Milgrom</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Wilson" title="Robert B. Wilson">Robert B. Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="2021 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">2021</a>: <a href="/wiki/David_Card" title="David Card">David Card</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Angrist" title="Joshua Angrist">Joshua Angrist</a> / <a href="/wiki/Guido_Imbens" title="Guido Imbens">Guido Imbens</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> / <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Diamond" title="Douglas Diamond">Douglas Diamond</a> / <a href="/wiki/Philip_H._Dybvig" title="Philip H. Dybvig">Philip H. Dybvig</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="2023 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Goldin" title="Claudia Goldin">Claudia Goldin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2024: <a href="/wiki/Daron_Acemoglu" title="Daron Acemoglu">Daron Acemoglu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Simon_Johnson_(economist)" title="Simon Johnson (economist)">Simon Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_A._Robinson" title="James A. Robinson">James A. Robinson</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2005_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2005_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2005 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2005_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:2005 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2005_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2005 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2005_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2005 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Grubbs" title="Robert H. Grubbs">Robert H. Grubbs</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Schrock" title="Richard R. Schrock">Richard R. Schrock</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Yves Chauvin</a> (France)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/2005_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2005 Nobel Prize in Literature">2005</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (United Kingdom)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> (<a href="/wiki/2005_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2005 Nobel Peace Prize">2005</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei" title="Mohamed ElBaradei">Mohamed ElBaradei</a> (Egypt)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Roy J. Glauber</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" title="John L. Hall">John L. Hall</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Theodor W. Hänsch</a> (Germany)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall">Barry Marshall</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Warren" title="Robin Warren">Robin Warren</a> (Australia)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Aumann</a> (Israel)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas Schelling</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2000_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2000 Nobel Prize winners">2000</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2001_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2001 Nobel Prize winners">2001</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2002_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2002 Nobel Prize winners">2002</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2003_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2003 Nobel Prize winners">2003</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2004_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2004 Nobel Prize winners">2004</a></dd> <dd><b>2005 </b></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2006_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2006 Nobel Prize winners">2006</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2007_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2007 Nobel Prize winners">2007</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2008_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2008 Nobel Prize winners">2008</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2009_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2009 Nobel Prize winners">2009</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2010_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2010 Nobel Prize winners">2010</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize_recipients" title="Template:John von Neumann Theory Prize recipients"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize_recipients" title="Template talk:John von Neumann Theory Prize recipients"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize_recipients" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John von Neumann Theory Prize recipients"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize" title="John von Neumann Theory Prize">John von Neumann Theory Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1975–1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Dantzig" title="George Dantzig">George Dantzig</a> <small>(1975)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellman" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Bellman">Richard Bellman</a> <small>(1976)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Pollaczek" class="mw-redirect" title="Felix Pollaczek">Felix Pollaczek</a> <small>(1977)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash Jr.">John F. Nash</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carlton_E._Lemke" title="Carlton E. Lemke">Carlton E. Lemke</a> <small>(1978)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Blackwell" title="David Blackwell">David Blackwell</a> <small>(1979)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gale" title="David Gale">David Gale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_W._Kuhn" title="Harold W. Kuhn">Harold W. Kuhn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Albert_W._Tucker" title="Albert W. Tucker">Albert W. Tucker</a> <small>(1980)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley" title="Lloyd Shapley">Lloyd Shapley</a> <small>(1981)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Charnes" title="Abraham Charnes">Abraham Charnes</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_W._Cooper" title="William W. Cooper">William W. Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Duffin" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard J. Duffin">Richard J. Duffin</a> <small>(1982)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Scarf" title="Herbert Scarf">Herbert Scarf</a> <small>(1983)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Gomory" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Gomory">Ralph Gomory</a> <small>(1984)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Edmonds" title="Jack Edmonds">Jack Edmonds</a> <small>(1985)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth Arrow</a> <small>(1986)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Karlin" title="Samuel Karlin">Samuel Karlin</a> <small>(1987)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert A. Simon</a> <small>(1988)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Markowitz" title="Harry Markowitz">Harry Markowitz</a> <small>(1989)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Karp" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Karp">Richard Karp</a> <small>(1990)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Barlow" title="Richard E. Barlow">Richard E. Barlow</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Proschan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Proschan (page does not exist)">Frank Proschan</a> <small>(1991)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_J._Hoffman" title="Alan J. Hoffman">Alan J. Hoffman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Philip_Wolfe_(mathematician)" title="Philip Wolfe (mathematician)">Philip Wolfe</a> <small>(1992)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Herman" title="Robert Herman">Robert Herman</a> <small>(1993)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lajos_Takacs" class="mw-redirect" title="Lajos Takacs">Lajos Takacs</a> <small>(1994)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egon_Balas" title="Egon Balas">Egon Balas</a> <small>(1995)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Fishburn" title="Peter C. Fishburn">Peter C. Fishburn</a> <small>(1996)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Whittle_(mathematician)" title="Peter Whittle (mathematician)">Peter Whittle</a> <small>(1997)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_W._Glover" title="Fred W. Glover">Fred W. Glover</a> <small>(1998)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Tyrrell_Rockafellar" title="R. Tyrrell Rockafellar">R. Tyrrell Rockafellar</a> <small>(1999)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_L._Johnson" title="Ellis L. Johnson">Ellis L. Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Manfred_W._Padberg" title="Manfred W. Padberg">Manfred W. Padberg</a> <small>(2000)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_Whitt" title="Ward Whitt">Ward Whitt</a> <small>(2001)</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_L._Iglehart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald L. Iglehart (page does not exist)">Donald L. Iglehart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Derman" title="Cyrus Derman">Cyrus Derman</a> <small>(2002)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkadi_Nemirovski" title="Arkadi Nemirovski">Arkadi Nemirovski</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Jeremy_Todd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Jeremy Todd (page does not exist)">Michael J. Todd</a> <small>(2003)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Harrison" title="J. Michael Harrison">J. Michael Harrison</a> <small>(2004)</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Aumann</a> <small>(2005)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gr%C3%B6tschel" title="Martin Grötschel">Martin Grötschel</a> / <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Lov%C3%A1sz" title="László Lovász">László Lovász</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Schrijver" title="Alexander Schrijver">Alexander Schrijver</a> <small>(2006)</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_F._Veinott,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur F. Veinott, Jr. (page does not exist)">Arthur F. Veinott, Jr.</a> <small>(2007)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Kelly_(mathematician)" title="Frank Kelly (mathematician)">Frank Kelly</a> <small>(2008)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurii_Nesterov" title="Yurii Nesterov">Yurii Nesterov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yinyu_Ye" title="Yinyu Ye">Yinyu Ye</a> <small>(2009)</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8ren_Asmussen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Søren Asmussen (page does not exist)">Søren Asmussen</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_W._Glynn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter W. Glynn (page does not exist)">Peter W. Glynn</a> <small>(2010)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Cornu%C3%A9jols" title="Gérard Cornuéjols">Gérard Cornuéjols</a> <small>(2011)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Nemhauser" title="George Nemhauser">George Nemhauser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Wolsey" title="Laurence Wolsey">Laurence Wolsey</a> <small>(2012)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Balinski" title="Michel Balinski">Michel Balinski</a> <small>(2013)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrod_Megiddo" title="Nimrod Megiddo">Nimrod Megiddo</a> <small>(2014)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Va%C5%A1ek_Chv%C3%A1tal" class="mw-redirect" title="Vašek Chvátal">Vašek Chvátal</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Bernard_Lasserre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Bernard Lasserre (page does not exist)">Jean Bernard Lasserre</a> <small>(2015)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_I._Reiman" title="Martin I. Reiman">Martin I. Reiman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ruth_J._Williams" title="Ruth J. Williams">Ruth J. Williams</a> <small>(2016)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Goldfarb" title="Donald Goldfarb">Donald Goldfarb</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Nocedal" title="Jorge Nocedal">Jorge Nocedal</a> <small>(2017)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Bertsekas" title="Dimitri Bertsekas">Dimitri Bertsekas</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Tsitsiklis" title="John Tsitsiklis">John Tsitsiklis</a> <small>(2018)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitris_Bertsimas" title="Dimitris Bertsimas">Dimitris Bertsimas</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jong-Shi_Pang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jong-Shi Pang (page does not exist)">Jong-Shi Pang</a> <small>(2019)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Lewis_(mathematician)" title="Adrian Lewis (mathematician)">Adrian Lewis</a> <small>(2020)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Shapiro" title="Alexander Shapiro">Alexander Shapiro</a> <small>(2021)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Vazirani" title="Vijay Vazirani">Vijay Vazirani</a> <small>(2022)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christos_Papadimitriou" title="Christos Papadimitriou">Christos Papadimitriou</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mihalis_Yannakakis" title="Mihalis Yannakakis">Mihalis Yannakakis</a> <small>(2023)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Game_Theory_Society" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_Game_Theory_Society" title="Template:Presidents of the Game Theory Society"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_the_Game_Theory_Society" title="Template talk:Presidents of the Game Theory Society"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_the_Game_Theory_Society" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of the Game Theory Society"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Game_Theory_Society" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Presidents of the <a href="/wiki/Game_Theory_Society" title="Game Theory Society">Game Theory Society</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999–2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Aumann</a> (1999–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehud_Kalai" title="Ehud Kalai">Ehud Kalai</a> (2003–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Young" title="Peyton Young">H. Peyton Young</a> (2006–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Hart" title="Sergiu Hart">Sergiu Hart</a> (2008–2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Maskin" title="Eric Maskin">Eric Maskin</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Myerson" title="Roger Myerson">Roger Myerson</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Schmeidler" title="David Schmeidler">David Schmeidler</a> (2014–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Samuelson" title="Larry Samuelson">Larry Samuelson</a> (2016–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Moulin" title="Hervé Moulin">Hervé Moulin</a> (2018–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_O._Jackson" title="Matthew O. Jackson">Matthew Jackson</a> (2020–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Topics_of_game_theory" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Game_theory" title="Template:Game theory"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Game_theory" title="Template talk:Game theory"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Game_theory" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Game theory"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Topics_of_game_theory" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics of <a href="/wiki/Game_theory" title="Game theory">game theory</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Definitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congestion_game" title="Congestion game">Congestion game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative_game_theory" title="Cooperative game theory">Cooperative game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Determinacy" title="Determinacy">Determinacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalation_of_commitment" title="Escalation of commitment">Escalation of commitment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensive-form_game" title="Extensive-form game">Extensive-form game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-player_and_second-player_win" title="First-player and second-player win">First-player and second-player win</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_complexity" title="Game complexity">Game complexity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphical_game_theory" title="Graphical game theory">Graphical game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_beliefs" title="Hierarchy of beliefs">Hierarchy of beliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_set_(game_theory)" title="Information set (game theory)">Information set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normal-form_game" title="Normal-form game">Normal-form game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preference_(economics)" title="Preference (economics)">Preference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequential_game" title="Sequential game">Sequential game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_game" title="Simultaneous game">Simultaneous game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_action_selection" title="Simultaneous action selection">Simultaneous action selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solved_game" title="Solved game">Solved game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succinct_game" title="Succinct game">Succinct game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanism_design" title="Mechanism design">Mechanism design</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic_equilibrium" title="Economic equilibrium">Equilibrium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Solution_concept" title="Solution concept">concepts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayes_correlated_equilibrium" title="Bayes correlated equilibrium">Bayes correlated equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayesian_Nash_equilibrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayesian Nash equilibrium">Bayesian Nash equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berge_equilibrium" title="Berge equilibrium">Berge equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_(game_theory)" title="Core (game theory)"> Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correlated_equilibrium" title="Correlated equilibrium">Correlated equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition-proof_Nash_equilibrium" title="Coalition-proof Nash equilibrium">Coalition-proof Nash equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon-equilibrium" title="Epsilon-equilibrium">Epsilon-equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionarily_stable_strategy" title="Evolutionarily stable strategy">Evolutionarily stable strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibbs_measure" title="Gibbs measure">Gibbs equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mertens-stable_equilibrium" title="Mertens-stable equilibrium">Mertens-stable equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markov_perfect_equilibrium" title="Markov perfect equilibrium">Markov perfect equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">Nash equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pareto_efficiency" title="Pareto efficiency">Pareto efficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfect_Bayesian_equilibrium" title="Perfect Bayesian equilibrium">Perfect Bayesian equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proper_equilibrium" title="Proper equilibrium">Proper equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantal_response_equilibrium" title="Quantal response equilibrium">Quantal response equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasi-perfect_equilibrium" title="Quasi-perfect equilibrium">Quasi-perfect equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risk_dominance" title="Risk dominance">Risk dominance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satisfaction_equilibrium" title="Satisfaction equilibrium">Satisfaction equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-confirming_equilibrium" title="Self-confirming equilibrium">Self-confirming equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequential_equilibrium" title="Sequential equilibrium">Sequential equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapley_value" title="Shapley value">Shapley value</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strong_Nash_equilibrium" title="Strong Nash equilibrium">Strong Nash equilibrium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subgame_perfect_equilibrium" title="Subgame perfect equilibrium">Subgame perfection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trembling_hand_perfect_equilibrium" title="Trembling hand perfect equilibrium">Trembling hand equilibrium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Strategy_(game_theory)" title="Strategy (game theory)">Strategies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appeasement" title="Appeasement">Appeasement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backward_induction" title="Backward induction">Backward induction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bid_shading" title="Bid shading">Bid shading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collusion" title="Collusion">Collusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheap_talk" title="Cheap talk">Cheap talk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-escalation" title="De-escalation">De-escalation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deterrence_theory" title="Deterrence theory">Deterrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_escalation" title="Conflict escalation">Escalation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward_induction" class="mw-redirect" title="Forward induction">Forward induction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grim_trigger" title="Grim trigger">Grim trigger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markov_strategy" title="Markov strategy">Markov strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pairing_strategy" title="Pairing strategy">Pairing strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_dominance" title="Strategic dominance">Dominant strategies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategy_(game_theory)" title="Strategy (game theory)">Pure strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategy_(game_theory)#Mixed_strategy" title="Strategy (game theory)">Mixed strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategy-stealing_argument" title="Strategy-stealing argument">Strategy-stealing argument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tit_for_tat" title="Tit for tat">Tit for tat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Game_theory_game_classes" title="Category:Game theory game classes">Classes<br />of games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auction" title="Auction">Auction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargaining_problem" class="mw-redirect" title="Bargaining problem">Bargaining problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_game" title="Global game">Global game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intransitive_game" title="Intransitive game">Intransitive game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mean-field_game_theory" title="Mean-field game theory">Mean-field game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-player_game" title="N-player game"><i>n</i>-player game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfect_information" title="Perfect information">Perfect information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poisson_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Poisson games">Large Poisson game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potential_game" title="Potential game">Potential game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeated_game" title="Repeated game">Repeated game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screening_game" title="Screening game">Screening game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signaling_game" title="Signaling game">Signaling game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strictly_determined_game" title="Strictly determined game">Strictly determined game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stochastic_game" title="Stochastic game">Stochastic game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetric_game" title="Symmetric game">Symmetric game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-sum_game" title="Zero-sum game">Zero-sum game</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_games_in_game_theory" title="List of games in game theory">Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Go_(game)" title="Go (game)">Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infinite_chess" title="Infinite chess">Infinite chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draughts" class="mw-redirect" title="Draughts">Checkers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-pay_auction" title="All-pay auction">All-pay auction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoner%27s_dilemma" title="Prisoner's dilemma">Prisoner's dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift-exchange_game" title="Gift-exchange game">Gift-exchange game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optional_prisoner%27s_dilemma" title="Optional prisoner's dilemma">Optional prisoner's dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traveler%27s_dilemma" title="Traveler's dilemma">Traveler's dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordination_game" title="Coordination game">Coordination game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_(game)" title="Chicken (game)">Chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centipede_game" title="Centipede game">Centipede game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_signaling_game" title="Lewis signaling game">Lewis signaling game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volunteer%27s_dilemma" title="Volunteer's dilemma">Volunteer's dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_auction" title="Dollar auction">Dollar auction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_sexes_(game_theory)" title="Battle of the sexes (game theory)">Battle of the sexes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_hunt" title="Stag hunt">Stag hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matching_pennies" title="Matching pennies">Matching pennies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimatum_game" title="Ultimatum game">Ultimatum game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_mail_game" title="Electronic mail game">Electronic mail game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_paper_scissors" title="Rock paper scissors">Rock paper scissors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_game" title="Pirate game">Pirate game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictator_game" title="Dictator game">Dictator game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_goods_game" title="Public goods game">Public goods game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blotto_game" title="Blotto game">Blotto game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_attrition_(game)" title="War of attrition (game)">War of attrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Farol_Bar_problem" title="El Farol Bar problem">El Farol Bar problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_division" title="Fair division">Fair division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_cake-cutting" title="Fair cake-cutting">Fair cake-cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_competition" title="Bertrand competition">Bertrand competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cournot_competition" title="Cournot competition">Cournot competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stackelberg_competition" title="Stackelberg competition">Stackelberg competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadlock_(game_theory)" title="Deadlock (game theory)">Deadlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unscrupulous_diner%27s_dilemma" title="Unscrupulous diner's dilemma">Diner's dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guess_2/3_of_the_average" title="Guess 2/3 of the average">Guess 2/3 of the average</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuhn_poker" title="Kuhn poker">Kuhn poker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargaining_problem" class="mw-redirect" title="Bargaining problem">Nash bargaining game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Induction_puzzles" title="Induction puzzles">Induction puzzles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictator_game#Trust_game" title="Dictator game">Trust game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_and_monster_game" title="Princess and monster game">Princess and monster game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendezvous_problem" title="Rendezvous problem">Rendezvous problem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theorems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aumann%27s_agreement_theorem" title="Aumann's agreement theorem">Aumann's agreement theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_theorem_(game_theory)" title="Folk theorem (game theory)">Folk theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimax" title="Minimax">Minimax theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">Nash's theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negamax" title="Negamax">Negamax theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purification_theorem" title="Purification theorem">Purification theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revelation_principle" title="Revelation principle">Revelation principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem" title="Sprague–Grundy theorem">Sprague–Grundy theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zermelo%27s_theorem_(game_theory)" title="Zermelo's theorem (game theory)">Zermelo's theorem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key<br />figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_W._Tucker" title="Albert W. Tucker">Albert W. Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Tversky" title="Amos Tversky">Amos Tversky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Augustin_Cournot" title="Antoine Augustin Cournot">Antoine Augustin Cournot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_Rubinstein" title="Ariel Rubinstein">Ariel Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" title="Daniel Kahneman">Daniel Kahneman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_K._Levine" title="David K. Levine">David K. Levine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_M._Kreps" title="David M. Kreps">David M. Kreps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Gillies" title="Donald B. Gillies">Donald B. Gillies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Fudenberg" title="Drew Fudenberg">Drew Fudenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Maskin" title="Eric Maskin">Eric Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_W._Kuhn" title="Harold W. Kuhn">Harold W. Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Moulin" title="Hervé Moulin">Hervé Moulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conway" class="mw-redirect" title="John Conway">John Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Tirole" title="Jean Tirole">Jean Tirole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Mertens" title="Jean-François Mertens">Jean-François Mertens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Tour_Chayes" title="Jennifer Tour Chayes">Jennifer Tour Chayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">John Harsanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_Smith" title="John Maynard Smith">John Maynard Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash Jr.">John Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_von_Neumann" title="John von Neumann">John von Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Binmore" title="Kenneth Binmore">Kenneth Binmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Hurwicz" title="Leonid Hurwicz">Leonid Hurwicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley" title="Lloyd Shapley">Lloyd Shapley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Dresher" title="Melvin Dresher">Melvin Dresher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrill_M._Flood" title="Merrill M. Flood">Merrill M. Flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Bondareva" title="Olga Bondareva">Olga Bondareva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Morgenstern" title="Oskar Morgenstern">Oskar Morgenstern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Milgrom" title="Paul Milgrom">Paul Milgrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Young" title="Peyton Young">Peyton Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten">Reinhard Selten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Axelrod_(political_scientist)" title="Robert Axelrod (political scientist)">Robert Axelrod</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Aumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Wilson" title="Robert B. Wilson">Robert B. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Myerson" title="Roger Myerson">Roger Myerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bowles_(economist)" title="Samuel Bowles (economist)"> Samuel Bowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Scotchmer" title="Suzanne Scotchmer">Suzanne Scotchmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas Schelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Vickrey" title="William Vickrey">William Vickrey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Search optimizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha%E2%80%93beta_pruning" title="Alpha–beta pruning">Alpha–beta pruning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspiration_window" title="Aspiration window">Aspiration window</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_variation_search" title="Principal variation search">Principal variation search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max%5En_algorithm" title="Max^n algorithm">max^n algorithm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_algorithm" title="Paranoid algorithm">Paranoid algorithm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazy_SMP" title="Lazy SMP">Lazy SMP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bounded_rationality" title="Bounded rationality">Bounded rationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combinatorial_game_theory" title="Combinatorial game theory">Combinatorial game theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confrontation_analysis" title="Confrontation analysis">Confrontation analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coopetition" title="Coopetition">Coopetition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_game_theory" title="Evolutionary game theory">Evolutionary game theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_game_theory" title="Glossary of game theory">Glossary of game theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_game_theorists" title="List of game theorists">List of game theorists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_games_in_game_theory" title="List of games in game theory">List of games in game theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-win_situation" title="No-win situation">No-win situation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topological_game" title="Topological game">Topological game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons" title="Tragedy of the commons">Tragedy of the commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/19px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/29px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/38px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/56592553">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/9576/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJycJw7Y73WFhHtvBxf8YP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119302306">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50028900">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12190478h">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/28255">MathSciNet</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119302306">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/03050368X">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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