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Wys bron van Jesus van Nasaret (Gnosties-Christelike benadering) - Wikipedia

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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">← <a href="/wiki/Jesus_van_Nasaret_(Gnosties-Christelike_benadering)" title="Jesus van Nasaret (Gnosties-Christelike benadering)">Jesus van Nasaret (Gnosties-Christelike benadering)</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>U het geen regte om om hierdie bladsy te wysig nie, vir die volgende rede: </p> <div class="permissions-errors"><div class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"><b>Your IP address is in a range that has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis</a>.</b> <p>The block was made by <a href="/wiki/Gebruiker:Jon_Kolbert" title="Gebruiker:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a>. 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If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. </p> Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>U het toestemming om die bronteks te bekyk en te kopieer. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="af" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{Verwysings nodig}} : ''Weens die uiteenlopendheid van teologiese en filosofiese konsepte wat dikwels in die literatuur as "Gnosties-Christelik" beskryf word, en ter wille van verifieerbaarheid vir die leser sal hierdie artikel voorlopig op die huidige Gnosties-Christelike stromings soos die [[Ecclesia Gnostica]] konsentreer.'' Die vroeë Gnostiese Christene was lede van 'n spirituele beweging wat sy oorsprong in die leerstellings van [[Jesus van Nasaret]] - soos beskryf in die Christelike skrifte - het. Terwyl die meeste van Jesus se tydgenote slegs die uiterlike aspekte van sy leerstellings kon begryp, het hy vir sy volgelinge, waaronder [[Maria Magdalena]], die sleutels gegee om die ware esoteriese betekenis van sy boodskap te ontsluit en bekend te maak. In teenstelling met die ortodokse Christene, wat as gevolg van hulle onvoldoende kennis en insig selfs die wederkoms van Jesus as die "Messias" en "aardse regter" binne enkele dekades ná sy dood voorspel het, het die Gnostiese Christene die verborge betekenis van sy uitsprake bestudeer en hul kennis oor hul ware spirituele oorsprong gebruik om hulself in spirituele opsig te bevry. Hul skrifte is steeds in simboliese vorm geskryf en behels die volledige versameling van Christelike tekste. Vandag word die Gnosties-Christelike tradisie deur kerke soos die [[Ecclesia Gnostica]] bewaar. == Jesus as Hoë Aeon en verpersoonliking van die Woord van God == Die vroeë Christendom en huidige herstelde Gnosties-Christelike beweging beskou [[Jesus van Nasaret]] as die aardse verpersoonliking van die Christus, die hemelse Aeon. As sulks is Jesus van Nasaret * een van die Hoë Aeons van die Volheid (''Pleroma''), * die geartikuleerde gedagte of woord (''Logos'') van God en * die uitdrukking van God se verlossende mag (''Soteria'') en word derhalwe ook die Verlosser (''Soter'') genoem. Die [[Evangelie volgens Johannes]], een van die Christelike Griekse skrifte, beskryf die vleeswording van die Woord in hoofstuk 1: {{cquote|''In die begin was die Woord, en die Woord was by God, en die Woord was God. Hy was in die begin by God.[...] En die Woord het vlees geword en het onder ons gewoon...''}} == Gnostiese Jesus == Die rol van Jesus Christus as leraar of wegwyser word deur sommige moderne Gnostisiste bevraagteken, maar in die meeste tradisionele vorme van [[Gnostisisme]] het Hy 'n belangrike rol gehad. Die rede hiervoor is dat hoewel Gnostisisme 'n samevoeging van verskillende [[filosofieë]] en godsdienstige oortuigings is, die meeste Gnostisiste hulle oorspronklik as Christene beskou het. === Bringer van kennis === Sekerlik die belangrikste verskil tussen die Christelike Gnostisiste en die tradisionele Christelike leer is dat die Gnostisiste nie daaraan glo dat Jesus na die Aarde gekom het om deur Sy kruisdood vir alle mense se sondes te betaal en daardeur versoening tussen God en mens te bewerk nie. Hulle glo Jesus se belangrikste taak was om die geheime kennis ([[gnosis]]) aan uitgesoekte mense te openbaar en hulle só in staat te stel om verlos te word. === Innerlike Self === Vir hierdie "Gnostiese Jesus" was dit belangriker dat die individu sy of haar diepste innerlike self moet leer ken, as om in Hom te glo en Sy gebooie te gehoorsaam. Hy het mense aangemoedig om aan te hou soek na hierdie kennis oor hulleself, sodat dít hulle kon bevry. Luidens die [[Evangelie van Tomas]] het Jesus dit só gestel: "''Diegene wat soek, moet nie ophou totdat hulle gevind het nie. Wanneer hulle vind, sal hulle ontsteld wees. Wanneer hulle ontsteld is, sal hulle hul verwonder, en dan sal hulle oor alles heers. Daarna sal hulle rus''". Hierdie Jesus het ook geleer dat die Gnostikus sy verbintenis met die [[Opperwese]] beter kan verstaan deur kennis van hom- of haarself: "Wanneer julle julleself ken … sal julle verstaan dat julle kinders is van die lewende Vader". Kennis oor die eie innerlike, eerder as geloof in God, is dus die sleutel tot verlossing en 'n verhouding met God. === Ander verskille met die Paulinies-ortodokse tradisie === Die kategisme van die Ecclesia Gnostica beskryf drie aspekte van die Godheid, wat verpersoonlik word as die Vader, Son en die Heilige Gees. Die Gnostisiste glo nie dat Jesus bonatuurlik deur die werking van die [[Heilige Gees]] as 'n mens uit die maagd Maria gebore is nie. Sommige glo dat Jesus die seun van Maria en Josef was ([[Evangelie volgens Lukas|Lukas]] 1, 2), maar dat die goddelike Jesus-gees oor hom gekom het. Ander meen weer Jesus was 'n gees met 'n menslike voorkoms. Omdat Hy nie soos ander mense as Gees in hierdie materiële wêreld vasgevang was nie, het Hy nie 'n regte menslike liggaam gehad nie. Vir sy volgelinge het dit wel soos 'n menslike liggaam gelyk. Nog 'n belangrike verskilpunt met die tradisionele Pauliniese leer is Gnostisiste se oortuiging dat Jesus se lyding en kruisdood nie 'n werklike gebeurtenis was nie, maar eerder 'n simboliese beskrywing van die algemene toestand van die mensdom. Christelike Gnostisiste het veral in vroeë tye die tradisionele Christelike kerke erg omgekrap met beweringe dat Jesus die geheime kennis net aan hulle openbaar het, en nie aan die res van die Christendom nie. Jesus se verlossingsboodskap maak dit dus nie vir alle mense moontlik om verlos te word soos die ortodoks-Pauliniese Christelike tradisie dit stel nie, maar net vir dié groepie uitgesoektes. == Problematiek == Behalwe vir die verskille in Jesus se leerstellinge oor verlossing, verskil die Gnostiese Jesus oënskynlik dikwels lynreg van die ortodokse interpretasie. Die probleem lê in die feit dat Jesus van Nasaret gedurende sy sendingwerk 'n persoonlike ontwikkeling deurgemaak het waartydens sy opvattings en leerstellings soms drasties verander het. Sonder inagneming van hierdie psigologiese proses en die chronologie van sy beweerde uitsprake (waarin hy byvoorbeeld eers die swaard sou bring en op 'n later tydstip oor naasteliefde predik - 'n verwysing na Jesus se uiteindelike besluit om nie as 'n rewolusionêre bevryder van die Romeinse heerskappy oor Judaea op te tree nie, maar eerder as 'n spirituele verlosser) sal die wetenskaplik-teologiese ondersoek nie tot logiese gevolgtrekkings kan kom nie. 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