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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">17th-century English parliament</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) 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class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Standard_of_Oliver_Cromwell_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/50px-Standard_of_Oliver_Cromwell_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Standard_of_Oliver_Cromwell_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/75px-Standard_of_Oliver_Cromwell_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Standard_of_Oliver_Cromwell_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/100px-Standard_of_Oliver_Cromwell_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="700" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">1656</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>December 1658 – January 1659</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint">1660 →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1659" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1659">Members elected</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />All 567 seats of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_England" title="House of Commons of England">House of Commons</a> <br /> 284 seats were needed for a majority</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">First party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Second party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FAA61A"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Thurloe_from_NPG_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/John_Thurloe_from_NPG_detail.jpg/112px-John_Thurloe_from_NPG_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/John_Thurloe_from_NPG_detail.jpg/168px-John_Thurloe_from_NPG_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/John_Thurloe_from_NPG_detail.jpg/224px-John_Thurloe_from_NPG_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="984" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FFC0C0"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Vane_the_Younger_by_Sir_Peter_Lely.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Henry_Vane_the_Younger_by_Sir_Peter_Lely.jpg/126px-Henry_Vane_the_Younger_by_Sir_Peter_Lely.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Henry_Vane_the_Younger_by_Sir_Peter_Lely.jpg/189px-Henry_Vane_the_Younger_by_Sir_Peter_Lely.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Henry_Vane_the_Younger_by_Sir_Peter_Lely.jpg/252px-Henry_Vane_the_Younger_by_Sir_Peter_Lely.jpg 2x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="324" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/John_Thurloe" title="John Thurloe">John Thurloe</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Younger" title="Henry Vane the Younger">Harry Vane</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protectorate_Faction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protectorate Faction (page does not exist)">Protectorate Faction</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealthsmen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commonwealthsmen (page does not exist)">Commonwealthsmen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)">Cambridge University</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Whitchurch_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Whitchurch (UK Parliament constituency)">Whitchurch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">- </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">- </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">- </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">- </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:110%; background:lavender"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliaments of England</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_England_(-1340).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%28-1340%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%28-1340%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%28-1340%29.svg/225px-Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%28-1340%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%28-1340%29.svg/300px-Coat_of_Arms_of_England_%28-1340%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="880" data-file-height="1129" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Predecessors</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Witenagemot" class="mw-redirect" title="Witenagemot">Witenagemot</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 7th – 11th centuries</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Curia_regis" title="Curia regis">Curia regis</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1066 – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1215</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Henry_III" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Henry III</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">1st</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1237</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">2nd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1242</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1244</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">4th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1246</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1247</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">4th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1248</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unnumbered_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unnumbered Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">Unnumbered</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1251</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">5th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1252</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=6th_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6th Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">6th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1253</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">7th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1254</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">8th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1255</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Parliament_of_Henry_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Parliament of Henry III (page does not exist)">9th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1258</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Parliament_(1258)" title="Oxford Parliament (1258)">10th "Oxford/Mad"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1258</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort%27s_Parliament" title="Simon de Montfort's Parliament">11th "Simon de Montfort"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1265</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Edward_I" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Edward I</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Model_Parliament" title="Model Parliament">"Model"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1295</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Edward_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Edward II</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_1327" title="Parliament of 1327">"Westminster"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1327</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Edward_III" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Edward III</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Good_Parliament" title="Good Parliament">"Good"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1376</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Bad_Parliament" title="Bad Parliament">"Bad"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1377</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Richard_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Richard II</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Wonderful_Parliament" title="Wonderful Parliament">"Wonderful"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1386</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Merciless_Parliament" title="Merciless Parliament">"Merciless"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1388</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Henry_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Henry IV</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Convention_Parliament_(England)#Convention_Parliament_of_1399" title="Convention Parliament (England)">"Convention"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1399</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Unlearned_Parliament" title="Unlearned Parliament">"Unlearned"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1404</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Henry_V" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Henry V</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Fire_and_Faggot_Parliament" title="Fire and Faggot Parliament">"Fire and Faggot"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1414</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Henry_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Henry VI</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bats" title="Parliament of Bats">"Bats"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1426</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Devils" title="Parliament of Devils">"Devils"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1459</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Edward_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Edward IV</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Richard_III" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Richard III</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Henry_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Henry VII</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Henry_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Henry VIII</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation_Parliament" title="English Reformation Parliament">"Reformation"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1529–1536</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Edward_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Edward VI</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Mary_I" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Mary I</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Parliament_of_Mary_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Parliament of Mary I (page does not exist)">1st</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1553</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Parliament_of_Mary_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Parliament of Mary I (page does not exist)">2nd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1554</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Parliament_of_Mary_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Parliament of Mary I (page does not exist)">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1554–1555</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Parliament_of_Mary_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Parliament of Mary I (page does not exist)">4th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1555</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Parliament_of_Mary_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th Parliament of Mary I (page does not exist)">5th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1558</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Elizabeth" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Elizabeth I</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/1st_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="1st Parliament of Elizabeth I">1st</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1559</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="2nd Parliament of Elizabeth I">2nd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1563–1567</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/3rd_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="3rd Parliament of Elizabeth I">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1571</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/4th_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="4th Parliament of Elizabeth I">4th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1572–1583</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/5th_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="5th Parliament of Elizabeth I">5th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1584–1585</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/6th_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="6th Parliament of Elizabeth I">6th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1586–1587</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/7th_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="7th Parliament of Elizabeth I">7th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1589</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/8th_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="8th Parliament of Elizabeth I">8th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1593" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1593">1593</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/9th_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="9th Parliament of Elizabeth I">9th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1597" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1597">1597–1598</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">   <a href="/wiki/10th_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I" title="10th Parliament of Elizabeth I">10th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1601" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1601">1601</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_James_I" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">James I</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Parliament" title="Blessed Parliament">1st "Blessed"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1604" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1604">1604</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Addled_Parliament" title="Addled Parliament">2nd "Addled"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1614" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1614">1614</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/3rd_Parliament_of_James_I" title="3rd Parliament of James I">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1621" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1621">1621</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/4th_Parliament_of_King_James_I" title="4th Parliament of King James I">4th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1624" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1624">1624</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Charles_I" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Charles I</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Useless_Parliament" title="Useless Parliament">1st "Useless"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1625" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1625">1625</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parliament_of_Charles_I" title="2nd Parliament of Charles I">2nd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1626" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1626">1626</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/3rd_Parliament_of_Charles_I" title="3rd Parliament of Charles I">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1628" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1628">1628</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Short_Parliament" title="Short Parliament">4th "Short"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_April_1640" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in April 1640">Apr 1640</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">5th "Long (1)</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_November_1640" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in November 1640">Nov 1640</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Parliament_(1644)" title="Oxford Parliament (1644)">Oxford/Mongrel</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1644</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_the_Revolution_and_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Revolution and Commonwealth</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">1st "Long (2)</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_in_the_English_parliament_in_1645_and_after" title="List of MPs in the English parliament in 1645 and after">1645</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">2nd "Rump (1)"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_not_excluded_from_the_English_parliament_in_1648" title="List of MPs not excluded from the English parliament in 1648">1648</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Barebone%27s_Parliament" title="Barebone's Parliament">3rd "Barebone's/Little/Nominated Assembly/Saints"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Members_nominated_to_the_English_parliament_in_1653" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Members nominated to the English parliament in 1653">1653</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_the_Protectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Protectorate</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/First_Protectorate_Parliament" title="First Protectorate Parliament">1st</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1654" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1654">1654</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">2nd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1656" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1656">1656</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1659" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1659">1659</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">4th "Rump (2)"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_not_excluded_from_the_English_parliament_in_1648" title="List of MPs not excluded from the English parliament in 1648">1659</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_the_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England"> Commonwealth</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">1st "Rump (3)"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_not_excluded_from_the_English_parliament_in_1648" title="List of MPs not excluded from the English parliament in 1648">1659</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">2nd "Long (3)"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> 1660</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliaments_of_Charles_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Charles II</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Convention_Parliament_(1660)" title="Convention Parliament (1660)">1st "Convention (1)"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_Parliament_in_1660" title="List of MPs elected to the English Parliament in 1660">1660</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Cavalier_Parliament" title="Cavalier Parliament">2nd "Cavalier"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1661_English_general_election" title="1661 English general election">1661</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Habeas_Corpus_Parliament" title="Habeas Corpus Parliament">3rd "Habeas Corpus/First Exclusion"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/March_1679_English_general_election" title="March 1679 English general election">1679</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Exclusion_Bill_Parliament" title="Exclusion Bill Parliament">4th "Exclusion Bill/Second Exclusion"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/October_1679_English_general_election" title="October 1679 English general election">1680</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Parliament_(1681)" title="Oxford Parliament (1681)">5th "Oxford/Third Exclusion"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1681_English_general_election" title="1681 English general election">1681</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliament_of_James_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">James II</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Loyal_Parliament" title="Loyal Parliament">"Loyal"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1685_English_general_election" title="1685 English general election">1685</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliament_of_William_III_and_Mary_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">William III and Mary II</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/Convention_Parliament_(1689)" title="Convention Parliament (1689)">1st "Convention (2)"</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1689_English_general_election" title="1689 English general election">1689</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parliament_of_William_III_and_Mary_II" title="2nd Parliament of William III and Mary II">2nd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1690_English_general_election" title="1690 English general election">1690</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/3rd_Parliament_of_William_III" title="3rd Parliament of William III">3rd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1695_English_general_election" title="1695 English general election">1695</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/4th_Parliament_of_William_III" title="4th Parliament of William III">4th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1698_English_general_election" title="1698 English general election">1698</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/5th_Parliament_of_William_III" title="5th Parliament of William III">5th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/January_1701_English_general_election" title="January 1701 English general election">Feb 1701</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/6th_Parliament_of_William_III" title="6th Parliament of William III">6th</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/November_1701_English_general_election" title="November 1701 English general election">Dec 1701</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliaments_of_England#Parliament_of_Anne" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliaments of England">Anne</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/1st_Parliament_of_Queen_Anne" title="1st Parliament of Queen Anne">1st</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1702_English_general_election" title="1702 English general election">1702</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parliament_of_Queen_Anne" title="2nd Parliament of Queen Anne">2nd</a></td><td style="text-align:right;"> <a href="/wiki/1705_English_general_election" title="1705 English general election">1705</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.15em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliaments_of_England" title="List of parliaments of England">List of parliaments of England</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_Parliament_of_England" title="List of acts of the Parliament of England">List of acts of the Parliament of England</a> </p> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parliaments_of_England_sidebar" title="Template:Parliaments of England sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parliaments_of_England_sidebar" title="Template talk:Parliaments of England sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments_of_England_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments of England sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Third Protectorate Parliament</b> sat for one session, from 27 January 1659 until 22 April 1659, with <a href="/wiki/Chaloner_Chute" title="Chaloner Chute">Chaloner Chute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bampfylde" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Bampfylde">Thomas Bampfylde</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speakers of the House of Commons</a>. It was a bicameral Parliament, with an <a href="/wiki/Cromwell%27s_Upper_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Cromwell's Upper House">Upper House</a> having a power of veto over the Commons. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Third_Protectorate_Parliament&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the death of <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> his son <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</a> succeeded him as <a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Protectorate" title="The Protectorate">the Protectorate</a> on 3 September 1658. As a civilian, Richard did not have the full confidence of the <a href="/wiki/New_Model_Army" title="New Model Army">Army</a>, particularly as the administration had a perennial budget deficit of half a million pounds and the Army was owed nearly nine hundred thousand pounds in back pay. His only option was to call a Parliament in the hope that it would cement his position by general recognition of the ruling class and by raising new taxes to pay the arrears owed to the Army. </p><p>The Third Protectorate Parliament was summoned on 9 December 1658 on the basis of the old <a href="/wiki/Suffrage" title="Suffrage">franchise</a>, and assembled on 27 January 1659. Richard was recognised as Lord Protector by the Parliament by 223 votes to 134, but over the next month the old divisions re-surfaced. The "Commonwealthsmen" and members of the <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">Rump Parliament</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Younger" title="Henry Vane the Younger">Sir Henry Vane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ludlow" title="Edmund Ludlow">Edmund Ludlow</a> and Sir <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Haselrig" title="Arthur Haselrig">Arthur Haselrig</a>) wanted to dismantle the Protectorate and return to the <a href="/wiki/English_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="English Commonwealth">Commonwealth</a> which had existed between the <a href="/wiki/Regicide" title="Regicide">regicide</a> of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> in January 1649 and the dismissal of the Rump Parliament by Oliver Cromwell in 1653. </p><p>The Protectorate faction was led by the Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/John_Thurloe" title="John Thurloe">John Thurloe</a>, General <a href="/wiki/John_Lambert_(General)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lambert (General)">John Lambert</a> and Major-Generals <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fleetwood" title="Charles Fleetwood">Charles Fleetwood</a> and Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Desborough" title="John Desborough">John Desborough</a>. These members wished to keep the Protectorate but were divided over who should command the Army and be Lord Protector. </p><p>"The proposition of restoring the Parliament met with great opposition from many of those that had tasted the sweetness of power and profit under the late usurpation of the Cromewells, and who feared a more equal distribution of things; and therefore they everywhere affirmed that there was not a sufficient number of members left to make up a Parliament".<sup id="cite_ref-Ludlow,_Vol_II,_74_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ludlow,_Vol_II,_74-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An informal committee of key generals and republican parliamentary members met at <a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Younger" title="Henry Vane the Younger">Henry Vane the Younger</a>'s home at Charing-Cross; representing the army were John Lambert, Col John Hones, Col. Kelsey, Col. Berry, and representing Parliament were <a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Younger" title="Henry Vane the Younger">Sir Henry Vane</a>, Sir Arthur Haslerig, Major Saloway and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ludlow" title="Edmund Ludlow">Edmund Ludlow</a>. </p><p>"The things demanded by those of the army were: 1. To be secured by an act of indemnity for what was past; 2. That some provision of power might be made for Mr. Richard Cromwell, as well as for the payment of his debts, and future subsistence in a plentiful manner, they having promised to take care of him in these particulars; 3. That what should stand in need of regulation both in the law and clergy, should be reformed and amended; 4. That the government of the nation should be by a representative of the people, and by a select senate (chosen in part by the military faction)".<sup id="cite_ref-Ludlow,_Vol_II,_75_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ludlow,_Vol_II,_75-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Difficulties arose from mistrust between Parliament and the army, making effective working between the two houses problematic. </p><p>The issues came to a head when Parliament attempted to impeach Major-General <a href="/wiki/William_Boteler" title="William Boteler">William Boteler</a> for actions he had carried out during the <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_the_Major-Generals" title="Rule of the Major-Generals">Rule of the Major-Generals</a> in 1656. In response to the attempted impeachment, on 6 April 1659 the <a href="/wiki/Grandee_(New_Model_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grandee (New Model Army)">Grandees</a> in the Army presented Parliament with a declaration calling for soldiers to be granted immunity from prosecution for all actions carried out during Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate. But accepting that the Commonwealthsmen were in the ascendency in Parliament, Desborough and Fleetwood forced a reluctant Richard Cromwell to use his powers as Lord Protector to dissolve Parliament on 22 April 1659. </p><p>The Grandees intended to keep Richard Cromwell as Lord Protector under Army control, without calling another parliament. Their position was undermined, however, when it became clear that the Army's rank and file still harboured support for the "Good Old Cause" of the Commonwealth, and still wanted to have their arrears of pay settled. This groundswell of support forced the Grandees to allow Richard Cromwell to re-call the <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">Rump Parliament</a> less than a month after the dissolution of the Third Protectorate Parliament. </p><p>There were two Speakers during the Third Protectorate Parliament and two Deputy Speakers. <a href="/wiki/Chaloner_Chute" title="Chaloner Chute">Chaloner Chute</a> served as Speaker from 27 January 1659 until 14 April 1659, with two deputy speakers: Sir <a href="/wiki/Lislebone_Long" title="Lislebone Long">Lislebone Long</a> from 9 March 1659 until 14 March 1659, and Thomas Bampfield from 16 March 1659 until 14 April 1659. Thomas Bampfield was Speaker from 15 April 1659 until 22 April 1659. </p><p>The <b>Third Protectorate Parliament</b> was preceded by the <a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">Second Protectorate Parliament</a> and followed by the return of the <a href="/wiki/Rump_Parliament" title="Rump Parliament">Rump Parliament</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Third_Protectorate_Parliament&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1659" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1659">List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1659</a></div> <p>The constituencies and distribution of seats, in England and Wales, for this Parliament reverted to being the same as in the <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a>. However the Scottish and Irish constituencies (see list in the <a href="/wiki/First_Protectorate_Parliament" title="First Protectorate Parliament">First Protectorate Parliament</a> article) remained unchanged. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constituencies">Constituencies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Third_Protectorate_Parliament&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Constituencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Abbreviations:</b> Boro' const. – Borough/Burgh constituencies, Shire const. – County/Shire constituencies, Univ. const. or const'ies – University constituencies, Total Const. – Total constituencies, Con. (or Const.) – Constituencies </p><p>Table 1: Constituencies and MPs, by type and country </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country </th> <th>Boro'<br />const. </th> <th>Shire<br />const. </th> <th>Univ.<br />const. </th> <th>Total<br />const. </th> <th>Boro'<br />MPs </th> <th>Shire<br />MPs </th> <th>Univ.<br />MPs </th> <th>Total<br /> MPs </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>England</b> </td> <td>200 </td> <td>38 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>240 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>480 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>Wales</b> </td> <td>13 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>— </td> <td>26 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>— </td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>Scotland</b> </td> <td>9 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>— </td> <td>29 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>— </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>Ireland</b> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>— </td> <td>19 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>— </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">No. of constituencies </td> <td><b>228</b> </td> <td><b>84</b> </td> <td><b>2</b> </td> <td><b>314</b> </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Members returned </td> <td><i>429</i> </td> <td><i>134</i> </td> <td><i>4</i> </td> <td><i>567</i> </td> <td><b>429</b> </td> <td><b>134</b> </td> <td><b>4</b> </td> <td><b>567</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Table 2: Number of seats per constituency, by type and country </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Country </th> <th colspan="5">Borough constituencies </th> <th colspan="4">Shire constituencies </th> <th colspan="3">Univ. const'ies </th> <th rowspan="2">Total<br /> const. </th> <th rowspan="2">Total <br /> MPs </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 MP </th> <th>2 MPs </th> <th>4 MPs </th> <th>Con. </th> <th>MPs </th> <th>1 MP </th> <th>2 MPs </th> <th>Con. </th> <th>MPs </th> <th>2 MPs </th> <th>Con. </th> <th>MPs </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>England</b> </td> <td>4 </td> <td>194 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>200 </td> <td>400 </td> <td>— </td> <td>38 </td> <td>38 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>4 </td> <td><b>240</b> </td> <td><b>480</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>Wales</b> </td> <td>13 </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>13 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td><b>26</b> </td> <td><b>27</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>Scotland</b> </td> <td>8 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>— </td> <td>9 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>— </td> <td>20 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td><b>29</b> </td> <td><b>30</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b>Ireland</b> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>6 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td><b>19</b> </td> <td><b>30</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">No. of constituencies </td> <td>31 </td> <td>195 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><b>228</b> </td> <td>  </td> <td>34 </td> <td>50 </td> <td><b>84</b> </td> <td>  </td> <td>2 </td> <td><b>2</b> </td> <td>  </td> <td><b>314</b> </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Members returned </td> <td>31 </td> <td>390 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>  </td> <td><b>429</b> </td> <td>34 </td> <td>100 </td> <td>  </td> <td><b>134</b> </td> <td>4 </td> <td>  </td> <td><b>4</b> </td> <td>  </td> <td><b>567</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><i>Notes: (1) Monmouthshire (1 borough and 2 county seats) included in England, not Wales. (2) Dublin City and County treated as a county constituency (2 seats).</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Third_Protectorate_Parliament&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliaments_of_England" title="List of parliaments of England">List of parliaments of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1659" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1659">List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1659</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Third_Protectorate_Parliament&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Third_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Special:EditPage/Third Protectorate Parliament">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this article. 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A. Firth, M.A., in two volumes. v. II p. 74. published 1894, Clarendon Press, Oxford</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ludlow,_Vol_II,_75-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ludlow,_Vol_II,_75_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, Lieutenant-General of the Horse in the Army of the Commonwealth of England 1625-1672 Edited with Appendices of Letters and Illustrative Documents by C. A. Firth, M.A., in two volumes. v. II p. 75. published 1894, Clarendon Press, Oxford</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Third_Protectorate_Parliament&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/glossary/protectorate-parliament-2.htm">The British Civil Wars & Commonwealth website: Third Protectorate Parliament 1659</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/commonwealth/01_parl_1640.php">www.archontology.org: England: Parliament 1640–1660</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=24685">Journal of the House of Commons on the British History 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template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:English_elections" title="Template talk:English elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:English_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:English elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=England&#124;link=England_Elections_in_England" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England"><img alt="England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> Elections in England</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort%27s_Parliament" title="Simon de Montfort's Parliament">1264–65</a></li> <li>1275</li> <li>1275</li> <li>1290</li> <li>1290</li> <li>1290–91</li> <li>1291–92</li> <li>1293?</li> <li>1293?</li> <li>1293</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_Parliament" title="Model Parliament">1295</a></li> <li>1296</li> <li>1297</li> <li>1298</li> <li>1298</li> <li>1299–1300</li> <li>1300–01</li> <li>1302</li> <li>1304–05</li> <li>1306</li> <li>1306–07</li> <li>1307</li> <li>1308</li> <li>1311</li> <li>1312</li> <li>1313</li> <li>1314</li> <li>1314–15</li> <li>1315–16</li> <li>1318</li> <li>1319</li> <li>1320</li> <li>1321</li> <li>1322</li> <li>1322</li> <li>1323–24</li> <li>1325</li> <li>1325</li> <li>1326–27</li> <li>1327</li> <li>1327–28</li> <li>1328</li> <li>1328</li> <li>1330</li> <li>1330</li> <li>1331</li> <li>1332</li> <li>1332</li> <li>1332</li> <li>1334</li> <li>1334</li> <li>1335</li> <li>1336</li> <li>1336–37</li> <li>1337–38</li> <li>1338–39</li> <li>1339</li> <li>1339–40</li> <li>1340</li> <li>1340</li> <li>1341</li> <li>1343</li> <li>1344</li> <li>1346</li> <li>1347–48</li> <li>1348</li> <li>1350–51</li> <li>1351–52</li> <li>1354</li> <li>1355</li> <li>1357</li> <li>1357–58</li> <li>1360</li> <li>1360–61</li> <li>1362</li> <li>1363</li> <li>1364–65</li> <li>1366</li> <li>1368</li> <li>1369</li> <li>1371</li> <li>1372</li> <li>1373</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Parliament" title="Good Parliament">1375–76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Parliament" title="Bad Parliament">1376–77</a></li> <li>1377</li> <li>1378</li> <li>1379</li> <li>1379–80</li> <li>1380</li> <li>1381</li> <li>1382</li> <li>1382</li> <li>1383</li> <li>1383</li> <li>1384</li> <li>1384</li> <li>1385</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_%27Wonderful_Parliament%27_(1386)" class="mw-redirect" title="The 'Wonderful Parliament' (1386)">1386</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merciless_Parliament" title="Merciless Parliament">1387–88</a></li> <li>1388</li> <li>1389–90</li> <li>1390</li> <li>1391</li> <li>1392–93</li> <li>1393–94</li> <li>1394–95</li> <li>1396–97</li> <li>1397</li> <li>1389</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_Parliament_(England)#Convention_Parliament_of_1399" title="Convention Parliament (England)">1399</a></li> <li>1400–01</li> <li>1402</li> <li>1403–04</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unlearned_Parliament" title="Unlearned Parliament">1404</a></li> <li>1405–06</li> <li>1407</li> <li>1409–10</li> <li>1411</li> <li>1412–13</li> <li>1413</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_and_Faggot_Parliament" title="Fire and Faggot Parliament">1413–14</a></li> <li>1414</li> <li>1415</li> <li>1416 (Mar)</li> <li>1416 (Oct)</li> <li>1417</li> <li>1419</li> <li>1420</li> <li>1421</li> <li>1421</li> <li>1422</li> <li>1423</li> <li>1425</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bats" title="Parliament of Bats">1426</a></li> <li>1427</li> <li>1429</li> <li>1430–31</li> <li>1432</li> <li>1433</li> <li>1435</li> <li>1436–37</li> <li>1439</li> <li>1441–42</li> <li>1445</li> <li>1446–47</li> <li>1449</li> <li>1449</li> <li>1450</li> <li>1453</li> <li>1455</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Devils" title="Parliament of Devils">1459</a></li> <li>1460</li> <li>1470</li> <li>1461</li> <li>1462–63</li> <li>1467</li> <li>1472</li> <li>1477–78</li> <li>1482–83</li> <li>1483–84</li> <li>1485</li> <li>1487</li> <li>1488–89</li> <li>1491</li> <li>1495</li> <li>1496–97</li> <li>1503–04</li> <li>1509–10</li> <li>1511–12</li> <li>1514–15</li> <li>1523</li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Reformation_Parliament" title="English Reformation Parliament">1529</a></li> <li>1536</li> <li>1539</li> <li>1541–42</li> <li>1544–45</li> <li>1547</li> <li>1553 (Mar)</li> <li>1553 (Oct)</li> <li>1554 (Apr)</li> <li>1554 (Nov)</li> <li>1555</li> <li>1557–58</li> <li>1558–59</li> <li>1562–63</li> <li>1571</li> <li>1572</li> <li>1584</li> <li>1586</li> <li>1588–89</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1593" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1593">1593</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1597" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1597">1597</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1601" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1601">1601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1604" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1604">1604</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addled_Parliament" title="Addled Parliament">1614</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1621" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1621">1620–21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Parliament_of_King_James_I" title="4th Parliament of King James I">1623–24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Useless_Parliament" title="Useless Parliament">1625</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Parliament_of_King_Charles_I" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Parliament of King Charles I">1626</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_to_the_English_parliament_in_1628" title="List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1628">1628</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_Parliament" title="Short Parliament">1640</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">1640</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Protectorate_Parliament" title="First Protectorate Parliament">1654</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Protectorate_Parliament" title="Second Protectorate Parliament">1656</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1658–59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_Parliament_(1660)#Convention_Parliament_of_1660" title="Convention Parliament (1660)">1660</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1661_English_general_election" title="1661 English general election">1661</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1679_English_general_election" title="March 1679 English general election">1679 (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1679_English_general_election" title="October 1679 English general election">1679 (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1681_English_general_election" title="1681 English general election">1681</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1685_English_general_election" title="1685 English general election">1685</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1689_English_general_election" title="1689 English general election">1689</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1690_English_general_election" title="1690 English general election">1690</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1695_English_general_election" title="1695 English general election">1695</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1698_English_general_election" title="1698 English general election">1698</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_1701_English_general_election" title="January 1701 English general election">1701 (Jan–Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1701_English_general_election" title="November 1701 English general election">1701 (Nov–Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1702_English_general_election" title="1702 English general election">1702</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1705_English_general_election" title="1705 English general election">1705</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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