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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Romans 5:13 For sin was in the world before the law was given; but sin is not taken into account when there is no law.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/romans/5-13.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/19/45_Rom_05_13.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Romans 5:13 - Death in Adam, Life in Christ" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="For sin was in the world before the law was given; but sin is not taken into account when there is no law." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script> <script src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/biblehub.js' type='text/javascript'></script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/romans/5-13.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/romans/5-13.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/romans/">Romans</a> > <a href="/romans/5.htm">Chapter 5</a> > Verse 13</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad1.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/romans/5-12.htm" title="Romans 5:12">◄</a> Romans 5:13 <a href="/romans/5-14.htm" title="Romans 5:14">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Study Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Crossref </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comment </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Greek </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/romans/5.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/romans/5.htm">New International Version</a> To be sure, sin was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not charged against anyone&#8217s account where there is no law. <a href="/nlt/romans/5.htm">New Living Translation</a> Yes, people sinned even before the law was given. But it was not counted as sin because there was not yet any law to break. <a href="/esv/romans/5.htm">English Standard Version</a> for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law. <a href="/bsb/romans/5.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> For sin was in the world before the law was given; but sin is not taken into account when there is no law. <a href="/blb/romans/5.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> For until the Law, sin was in the world; but sin is not imputed, there being no law. <a href="/kjv/romans/5.htm">King James Bible</a> (For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/nkjv/romans/5.htm">New King James Version</a> (For until the law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/nasb_/romans/5.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> for until the Law sin was in the world, but sin is not counted against anyone when there is no law. <a href="/nasb/romans/5.htm">NASB 1995</a> for until the Law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/nasb77/romans/5.htm">NASB 1977 </a> for until the Law sin was in the world; but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/lsb/romans/5.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> for until the Law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/amp/romans/5.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Sin was [committed] in the world before the Law [was given], but sin is not charged [against anyone] when there is no law [against it]. <a href="/csb/romans/5.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> In fact, sin was in the world before the law, but sin is not charged to a person’s account when there is no law. <a href="/hcsb/romans/5.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> In fact, sin was in the world before the law, but sin is not charged to a person&#8217s account when there is no law. <a href="/asv/romans/5.htm">American Standard Version</a> for until the law sin was in the world; but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/cev/romans/5.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Sin was in the world before the Law came. But no record of sin was kept, because there was no Law. <a href="/erv/romans/5.htm">English Revised Version</a> for until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/gwt/romans/5.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Sin was in the world before there were any laws. But no record of sin can be kept when there are no laws. <a href="/gnt/romans/5.htm">Good News Translation</a> There was sin in the world before the Law was given; but where there is no law, no account is kept of sins. <a href="/isv/romans/5.htm">International Standard Version</a> Certainly sin was in the world before the Law was given, but no record of sin is kept when there is no Law. <a href="/msb/romans/5.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> For sin was in the world before the law was given; but sin is not taken into account when there is no law. <a href="/net/romans/5.htm">NET Bible</a> for before the law was given, sin was in the world, but there is no accounting for sin when there is no law. <a href="/nheb/romans/5.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> For until the law, sin was in the world; but sin is not charged when there is no law. <a href="/wbt/romans/5.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> For until the law, sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. <a href="/wey/romans/5.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> For prior to the Law sin was already in the world; only it is not entered in the account against us when no Law exists. <a href="/web/romans/5.htm">World English Bible</a> For until the law, sin was in the world; but sin is not charged when there is no law. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/romans/5.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> for until law sin was in the world: and sin is not reckoned when there is not law; <a href="/blb/romans/5.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> For until the Law, sin was in the world; but sin is not imputed, there being no law. <a href="/ylt/romans/5.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> for till law sin was in the world: and sin is not reckoned when there is not law; <a href="/slt/romans/5.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> (For until the law sin was in the world: and sin is not charged, being no law.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/romans/5.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> For until the law sin was in the world; but sin was not imputed, when the law was not. <a href="/cpdv/romans/5.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> For even before the law, sin was in the world, but sin was not imputed while the law did not exist. <a href="/nabre/romans/5.htm">New American Bible</a> for up to the time of the law, sin was in the world, though sin is not accounted when there is no law. <a href="/nrsvce/romans/5.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> sin was indeed in the world before the law, but sin is not reckoned when there is no law.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/romans/5.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> For until the law was given, though sin was in the world, it was not considered sin, because there was no law. <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/romans/5.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> For until The Written Law, sin was in the universe, but it was not accounted as sin, because there was no written law.<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/romans/5.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> for till the law, sin was in the world; but sin is not charged where there is no law. <a href="/godbey/romans/5.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> (for until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed, there being no law; <a href="/haweis/romans/5.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed if there be no law. <a href="/mace/romans/5.htm">Mace New Testament</a> sin indeed was in the world all the time before the law: but then sin is not punished when there is no law. <a href="/wey/romans/5.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> For prior to the Law sin was already in the world; only it is not entered in the account against us when no Law exists. <a href="/worrell/romans/5.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> for until the law sin was in the world, but sin is not reckoned, when there is no law: <a href="/worsley/romans/5.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> for sin was in the world before the law. Now sin is not imputed where there is no law; <a href="/parallel/romans/5-13.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KIZs4GUMn-g?start=1193" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/romans/5.htm">Death in Adam, Life in Christ</a> 12Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, so also death was passed on to all men, because all sinned. 13<a href="/greek/1063.htm" title="1063: gar (Conj) -- For. A primary particle; properly, assigning a reason.">For</a> <a href="/greek/266.htm" title="266: hamartia (N-NFS) -- From hamartano; a sin.">sin</a> <a href="/greek/1510.htm" title="1510: ēn (V-IIA-3S) -- I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.">was</a> <a href="/greek/1722.htm" title="1722: en (Prep) -- In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; in, at, on, by, etc.">in</a> <a href="/greek/2889.htm" title="2889: kosmō (N-DMS) -- Probably from the base of komizo; orderly arrangement, i.e. Decoration; by implication, the world (morally).">the world</a> <a href="/greek/891.htm" title="891: achri (Prep) -- As far as, up to, until, during. Or achris akh'-rece; akin to akron; until or up to.">before</a> <a href="/greek/3551.htm" title="3551: nomou (N-GMS) -- From a primary nemo; law, genitive case, specially, (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively.">the law was given;</a> <a href="/greek/1161.htm" title="1161: de (Conj) -- A primary particle; but, and, etc.">but</a> <a href="/greek/266.htm" title="266: hamartia (N-NFS) -- From hamartano; a sin.">sin</a> <a href="/greek/3756.htm" title="3756: ouk (Adv) -- No, not. Also ouk, and ouch a primary word; the absolute negative adverb; no or not."></a> <a href="/greek/1677.htm" title="1677: ellogeitai (V-PIM/P-3S) -- To charge to, put to one's account, impute. From en and logos; to reckon in, i.e. Attribute.">is not taken into account</a> <a href="/greek/1510.htm" title="1510: ontos (V-PPA-GMS) -- I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.">when there is</a> <a href="/greek/3361.htm" title="3361: mē (Adv) -- Not, lest. A primary particle of qualified negation; not, lest; also (whereas ou expects an affirmative one) whether.">no</a> <a href="/greek/3551.htm" title="3551: nomou (N-GMS) -- From a primary nemo; law, genitive case, specially, (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively.">law.</a> 14Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who did not sin in the way that Adam transgressed. He is a pattern of the One to come.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/romans/4-15.htm">Romans 4:15</a> because the law brings wrath. And where there is no law, there is no transgression. <a href="/romans/3-20.htm">Romans 3:20</a> Therefore no one will be justified in His sight by works of the law. For the law merely brings awareness of sin. <a href="/galatians/3-19.htm">Galatians 3:19</a> Why then was the law given? It was added because of transgressions, until the arrival of the seed to whom the promise referred. It was administered through angels by a mediator. <a href="/galatians/3-22.htm">Galatians 3:22</a> But the Scripture pronounces all things confined by sin, so that by faith in Jesus Christ the promise might be given to those who believe. <a href="/1_john/3-4.htm">1 John 3:4</a> Everyone who practices sin practices lawlessness as well. Indeed, sin is lawlessness. <a href="/1_corinthians/15-56.htm">1 Corinthians 15:56</a> The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. <a href="/galatians/3-10.htm">Galatians 3:10</a> All who rely on works of the law are under a curse. For it is written: “Cursed is everyone who does not continue to do everything written in the Book of the Law.” <a href="/galatians/3-23.htm">Galatians 3:23</a> Before this faith came, we were held in custody under the law, locked up until faith should be revealed. <a href="/hebrews/9-22.htm">Hebrews 9:22</a> According to the law, in fact, nearly everything must be purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness. <a href="/james/2-10.htm">James 2:10</a> Whoever keeps the whole law but stumbles at just one point is guilty of breaking all of it. <a href="/acts/17-30.htm">Acts 17:30</a> Although God overlooked the ignorance of earlier times, He now commands all people everywhere to repent. <a href="/john/15-22.htm">John 15:22</a> If I had not come and spoken to them, they would not be guilty of sin. Now, however, they have no excuse for their sin. <a href="/john/9-41.htm">John 9:41</a> “If you were blind,” Jesus replied, “you would not be guilty of sin. But since you claim you can see, your guilt remains.” <a href="/1_timothy/1-9.htm">1 Timothy 1:9</a> We realize that law is not enacted for the righteous, but for the lawless and rebellious, for the ungodly and sinful, for the unholy and profane, for killers of father or mother, for murderers, <a href="/genesis/2-17.htm">Genesis 2:17</a> but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil; for in the day that you eat of it, you will surely die.”</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>(For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law.until.<a href="/genesis/4-7.htm">Genesis 4:7-11</a> If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him… <a href="/genesis/6-5.htm">Genesis 6:5,6,11</a> And GOD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually… <a href="/genesis/8-21.htm">Genesis 8:21</a> And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake; for the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done.but sin.<a href="/romans/4-15.htm">Romans 4:15</a> Because the law worketh wrath: for where no law is, there is no transgression.<a href="/1_corinthians/15-56.htm">1 Corinthians 15:56</a> The sting of death is sin; and the strength of sin is the law.<a href="/1_john/3-4.htm">1 John 3:4,14</a> Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for sin is the transgression of the law… <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/romans/4-24.htm">Account</a> <a href="/romans/5-6.htm">Already</a> <a href="/romans/4-15.htm">Broken</a> <a href="/romans/3-9.htm">Charged</a> <a href="/romans/4-10.htm">Counted</a> <a href="/romans/5-12.htm">Entered</a> <a href="/romans/4-17.htm">Existence</a> <a href="/romans/4-15.htm">Exists</a> <a href="/romans/4-24.htm">Imputed</a> <a href="/romans/3-31.htm">Indeed</a> <a href="/romans/4-16.htm">Law</a> <a href="/romans/3-25.htm">Prior</a> <a href="/romans/4-25.htm">Reckoned</a> <a href="/romans/5-12.htm">Sin</a> <a href="/romans/5-12.htm">World</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/romans/8-10.htm">Account</a> <a href="/romans/8-24.htm">Already</a> <a href="/romans/11-3.htm">Broken</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/9-18.htm">Charged</a> <a href="/romans/9-8.htm">Counted</a> <a href="/romans/5-20.htm">Entered</a> <a href="/romans/8-29.htm">Existence</a> <a href="/romans/7-23.htm">Exists</a> <a href="/2_timothy/4-16.htm">Imputed</a> <a href="/romans/5-19.htm">Indeed</a> <a href="/romans/5-14.htm">Law</a> <a href="/galatians/2-12.htm">Prior</a> <a href="/romans/8-36.htm">Reckoned</a> <a href="/romans/5-14.htm">Sin</a> <a href="/romans/10-18.htm">World</a><div class="vheading2">Romans 5</div>1. <a href="/romans/5-1.htm">Being justified by faith, we have peace with God;</a> 2. <a href="/romans/5-2.htm">and joy in our hope;</a> 8. <a href="/romans/5-8.htm">that since we were reconciled by his blood, when we were enemies;</a> 10. <a href="/romans/5-10.htm">we shall much more be saved, being reconciled.</a> 12. <a href="/romans/5-12.htm">As sin and death came by Adam;</a> 17. <a href="/romans/5-17.htm">so much more righteousness and life by Jesus Christ.</a> 20. <a href="/romans/5-20.htm">Where sin abounded, grace did superabound.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading"><a href="/study/romans/5.htm">Berean Study Bible</a></div>For sin was in the world The phrase "For sin was in the world" indicates the presence of sin even before the Mosaic Law was established. The Greek word for "sin" here is "hamartia," which means missing the mark or falling short of God's standards. This concept of sin predates the Law, suggesting that humanity's inherent sinful nature has been a constant since the fall of Adam. Historically, this underscores the pervasive nature of sin and its impact on human history, as seen in the narratives of Genesis before the giving of the Law.before the law was given The phrase "before the law was given" refers to the period from Adam to Moses, a time when the Mosaic Law had not yet been established. The Greek word for "law" is "nomos," which in this context refers specifically to the Law given to Moses on Mount Sinai. This highlights the fact that sin existed independently of the Law, emphasizing the universality of sin and the need for a savior even before the codification of God's commandments.but sin is not taken into account The phrase "but sin is not taken into account" suggests that without the Law, sin was not imputed or charged to individuals in the same way it was after the Law was given. The Greek word "ellogeo" is used here, meaning to reckon or charge to one's account. This does not imply that sin did not exist or have consequences, but rather that the Law brought a clearer understanding and accountability for sin.when there is no law The phrase "when there is no law" reiterates the idea that the Law serves as a means of defining and identifying sin. Without the Law, there is no formal accounting or legal charge of sin, though its presence and effects are still real. This highlights the role of the Law in revealing the holiness of God and the sinfulness of man, pointing to the necessity of grace and redemption through Jesus Christ. Historically, this period before the Law serves as a backdrop to the unfolding of God's redemptive plan, culminating in the New Covenant through Christ.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/romans/5.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(13) So much we can see; so much is simple matter of history, that sin was in the world from Adam downwards. But here comes the difficulty. Sin there was, but why guilt? And why death, the punishment of guilt? The pre-Mosaic man sinned indeed, but could not rightly be condemned for his sin until there was a law to tell him plainly the distinction between right and wrong.It will be observed that the law of nature (<a href="/context/romans/1-19.htm" title="Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God has showed it to them.">Romans 1:19-20</a>; <a href="/context/romans/2-14.htm" title="For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law to themselves:">Romans 2:14-15</a>) is here left out of consideration. In the places mentioned, St. Paul speaks of the law of nature only as applicable to his contemporaries or to comparatively recent times. He does not throw back its operation into the primitive ages of the world; neither does he pronounce upon the degree of responsibility which men, as moral agents, then incurred. This would fall in with the doctrine that the consciousness of right and wrong was gradually formed. It is not, indeed, to be said that St. Paul exactly anticipated the teachings of the inductive school of moralists, but there is much in their system, or at any rate in the results to which they seem to be coming, that appears to fall into easy and harmonious relations with the teaching of the Apostle.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/romans/5.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 13, 14. - For until Law (i.e. all through the time previous to the revelation of law) sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression. Though νόμος, where it first occurs in ver. 13, refers definitely, as appears from the context, to the Law of Moses, yet it is without the article, as denoting the principle of law, of which the Mosaic code was the embodiment; and it has therefore, in accordance with the rule laid down in this translation, been rendered as above. The purport of these two verses, connected by γὰρ with πάντες η{μαρτον of ver. 12, is to prove that the primeval sin did really infect and implicate the whole race of mankind. It might be supposed that those only would be implicated who had themselves transgressed, as Adam did, a known command; it being an acknowledged principle of Divine justice that only sin against law of which the sinner is conscious is imputed to him for con-detonation (cf. <a href="/romans/4-15.htm">Romans 4:15</a>; also <a href="/john/9-41.htm">John 9:41</a>). Nay. but the universal dominion of death, the doom of sin, over all alike, whether or not they had themselves so sinned, was proof that sin was all along dominant in the world, infecting all. The Mosaic Law is spoken of as the distinct revelation of Divine Law to man; and therefore attention is first drawn to the fact that before that revelation, no less than after it, death had reigned over all. But is it thus implied that until the Law from Mount Sinai men had been without any kind of law, for transgressing which they were responsible? Not so. That Law is indeed regarded as the first definite enunciation of law under evident Divine sanction, after which, to those that were under it, sin became indubitably and exceeding sinful; but that men are conceived as having sinned previously against law of some kind, appears from the phrase, "Even over those (καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς) who had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression," i.e. consciously against a known command. This surely implies that some had so sinned; and thus the essential point of the argument is that even over those who had not so sinned (such as the unenlightened and invincibly ignorant, or persons dying in infancy) death had equally reigned. Who is the figure of him that was to come. This is added so as to bring round the thought to the main subject of the chapter, viz. the reconciliation of all mankind through Christ, to which the scriptural account of the condemnation of all mankind through Adam had, at ver. 12, been adduced as analogous. Who refers to Adam, who has just been for the first time named; he that was to come is Christ, who is called, in <a href="/1_corinthians/15-45.htm">1 Corinthians 15:45</a>, "the last Adam." Adam was a type (τύπος) of Christ in that both represented entire humanity; one as the representative and author of fallen, the other of restored, humanity - the transgression of the one and the obedience of the other alike affecting all (see vers 18, 19). But there is a difference between the two cases; and this is pointed out in vers. 15, 16, 17, which follow. <a href="/commentaries/romans/5-13.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>For γὰρ (gar) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_1063.htm">Strong's 1063: </a> For. A primary particle; properly, assigning a reason. sin ἁμαρτία (hamartia) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_266.htm">Strong's 266: </a> From hamartano; a sin. was ἦν (ēn) Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1510.htm">Strong's 1510: </a> I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist. in ἐν (en) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1722.htm">Strong's 1722: </a> In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; 'in, ' at, on, by, etc. [the] world κόσμῳ (kosmō) Noun - Dative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2889.htm">Strong's 2889: </a> Probably from the base of komizo; orderly arrangement, i.e. Decoration; by implication, the world (morally). before ἄχρι (achri) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_891.htm">Strong's 891: </a> As far as, up to, until, during. Or achris akh'-rece; akin to akron; until or up to. [the] Law [was given]; νόμου (nomou) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3551.htm">Strong's 3551: </a> From a primary nemo; law, genitive case, specially, (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively. but δὲ (de) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_1161.htm">Strong's 1161: </a> A primary particle; but, and, etc. sin ἁμαρτία (hamartia) Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_266.htm">Strong's 266: </a> From hamartano; a sin. is not taken into account ἐλλογεῖται (ellogeitai) Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1677.htm">Strong's 1677: </a> To charge to, put to one's account, impute. From en and logos; to reckon in, i.e. Attribute. when there is ὄντος (ontos) Verb - Present Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1510.htm">Strong's 1510: </a> I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist. no μὴ (mē) Adverb <a href="/greek/strongs_3361.htm">Strong's 3361: </a> Not, lest. A primary particle of qualified negation; not, lest; also (whereas ou expects an affirmative one) whether. law. νόμου (nomou) Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_3551.htm">Strong's 3551: </a> From a primary nemo; law, genitive case, specially, (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/romans/5-13.htm">Romans 5:13 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/romans/5-13.htm">NT Letters: Romans 5:13 For until the law sin was (Rom. 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