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class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Multimedia" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Multimedia" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Multimedia" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terminology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Major characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Categorization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Categorization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Categorization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Categorization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage/Application" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage/Application"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Usage/Application</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Usage/Application-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Usage/Application subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Usage/Application-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Creative_industries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creative_industries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Creative industries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creative_industries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Commercial uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entertainment_and_fine_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entertainment_and_fine_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Entertainment and fine arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entertainment_and_fine_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Educational_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Educational_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>Educational technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Educational_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Social work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language_communication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language_communication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Language communication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language_communication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Journalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Journalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Multimedia_Engineering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Multimedia_Engineering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Multimedia Engineering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multimedia_Engineering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mathematical_and_scientific_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mathematical_and_scientific_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Mathematical and scientific research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mathematical_and_scientific_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Virtual_reality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Virtual_reality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Virtual reality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Virtual_reality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Augmented_reality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Augmented_reality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Augmented reality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Augmented_reality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Multimedia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 75 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B7_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="وسائط متعددة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وسائط متعددة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="মাল্টিমিডিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাল্টিমিডিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Мультымедыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мультымедыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мултимедия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мултимедия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedija" title="Multimedija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Multimedija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multim%C3%A8dia" title="Multimèdia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Multimèdia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multim%C3%A9dia" title="Multimédia – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Multimédia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimeedium" title="Multimeedium – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Multimeedium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Πολυμέσα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολυμέσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plurmedio" title="Plurmedio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Plurmedio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="چندرسانه‌ای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چندرسانه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multim%C3%A9dia" title="Multimédia – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Multimédia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmhe%C3%A1in" title="Ilmheáin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ilmheáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%80%ED%8B%B0%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4" title="멀티미디어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="멀티미디어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Մուլտիմեդիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մուլտիմեդիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मल्टीमीडिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मल्टीमीडिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedija" title="Multimedija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Multimedija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margmi%C3%B0lun" title="Margmiðlun – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Margmiðlun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedialit%C3%A0" title="Multimedialità – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Multimedialità" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94" title="מולטימדיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מולטימדיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಮಲ್ಟಿಮೀಡಿಯಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಲ್ಟಿಮೀಡಿಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მულტიმედია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მულტიმედია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Мультимедиа – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мультимедиа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miltimedya" title="Miltimedya – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Miltimedya" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Мультимедиа – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мультимедиа" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivides" title="Multivides – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Multivides" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daugialyp%C4%97_terp%C4%97" title="Daugialypė terpė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Daugialypė terpė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multim%C3%A9dia" title="Multimédia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Multimédia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Мултимедија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мултимедија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="മൾട്ടിമീഡിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൾട്ടിമീഡിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მულტიმედია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მულტიმედია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%83%A1%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2" title="マルチメディア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マルチメディア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Мультимедий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Мультимедий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਮਲਟੀਮੀਡੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਲਟੀਮੀਡੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DA%BC%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%86%DB%8D" title="گڼرسنۍ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="گڼرسنۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multim%C3%A9dia" title="Multimédia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Multimédia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Мультимедиа – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мультимедиа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA" title="බහු මාධ්‍යය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බහු මාධ්‍යය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multim%C3%A9di%C3%A1" title="Multimédiá – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Multimédiá" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C4%8Dpredstavnost" title="Večpredstavnost – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Večpredstavnost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Мултимедија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мултимедија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedija" title="Multimedija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Multimedija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Multimedia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பல்லூடகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பல்லூடகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B3%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="బహుళమాధ్యమాలు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బహుళమాధ్యమాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1" title="สื่อประสม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สื่อประสม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87oklu_ortam" title="Çoklu ortam – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çoklu ortam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0" title="Мультимедіа – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мультимедіа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AB%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B7" title="کثیرالوسیط – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کثیرالوسیط" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multim%C3%A8dia" title="Multimèdia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Multimèdia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90a_ph%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_ti%E1%BB%87n" title="Đa phương tiện – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đa phương tiện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="多媒体 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="多媒体" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" title="多媒體 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="多媒體" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="多媒体 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="多媒体" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q131765#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Multimedia" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Multimedia" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Content using a combination of forms</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the content format. For the album, see <a href="/wiki/Multimedia_(album)" title="Multimedia (album)">Multimedia (album)</a>.</div> <table class="wikitable" align="right"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="."20%"" style="background:white;"> <caption><b>Examples of individual content forms that can be combined in multimedia</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/ApertureDefn1707.png/80px-ApertureDefn1707.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/ApertureDefn1707.png/120px-ApertureDefn1707.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/ApertureDefn1707.png/160px-ApertureDefn1707.png 2x" data-file-width="244" data-file-height="202" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sound_recording_and_reproduction" title="Sound recording and reproduction"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%C3%B6rlurar.jpg/50px-H%C3%B6rlurar.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%C3%B6rlurar.jpg/75px-H%C3%B6rlurar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%C3%B6rlurar.jpg/100px-H%C3%B6rlurar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1232" data-file-height="943" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Image" title="Image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Praktica.jpg/80px-Praktica.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Praktica.jpg/120px-Praktica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Praktica.jpg/160px-Praktica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing">Text</a></div></td> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Sound_recording_and_reproduction" title="Sound recording and reproduction">Audio</a></div></td> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Still <a href="/wiki/Image" title="Image">images</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Animhorse.gif/80px-Animhorse.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Animhorse.gif/120px-Animhorse.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Animhorse.gif/160px-Animhorse.gif 2x" data-file-width="307" data-file-height="230" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Footage" title="Footage"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Muybridge_horse_gallop_animated_2.gif/80px-Muybridge_horse_gallop_animated_2.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Muybridge_horse_gallop_animated_2.gif/120px-Muybridge_horse_gallop_animated_2.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Muybridge_horse_gallop_animated_2.gif/160px-Muybridge_horse_gallop_animated_2.gif 2x" data-file-width="467" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Interactivity" title="Interactivity"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Scroll_switch_mouse.jpg/80px-Scroll_switch_mouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Scroll_switch_mouse.jpg/120px-Scroll_switch_mouse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Scroll_switch_mouse.jpg/160px-Scroll_switch_mouse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1645" data-file-height="1413" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a></div></td> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Video <a href="/wiki/Footage" title="Footage">footage</a></div></td> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Interactivity" title="Interactivity">Interactivity</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Multimedia refers to the integration of multiple forms of content such as text, audio, images, video, and interactive elements into a single digital platform or application. This integration allows for a more immersive and engaging experience compared to traditional single-medium content. Multimedia is utilized in various fields including education, entertainment, communication, game design, and digital art, reflecting its broad impact on modern technology and media. </p><p>Multimedia encompasses various types of content, each serving different purposes: </p> <ul><li><b>Text</b> - Fundamental to multimedia, providing context and information.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Audio</b> - Includes music, sound effects, and voiceovers that enhance the experience. Recent developments include spatial audio and advanced sound design.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Images</b> - Static visual content, such as photographs and illustrations. Advances include high-resolution and 3D imaging technologies.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Video</b> - Moving images that convey dynamic content. High-definition (HD), 4K, and 360-degree video are recent innovations enhancing viewer engagement.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Animation</b> - the technique of creating moving images from still pictures, often used in films, television, and video games to bring characters and stories to life.</li></ul> <p>Multimedia can be recorded for playback on computers, <a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">laptops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a>, and other electronic devices. In the early years of multimedia, the term "rich media" was synonymous with <a href="/wiki/Interactive_media" title="Interactive media">interactive multimedia</a>. Over time, <a href="/wiki/Hypermedia" title="Hypermedia">hypermedia</a> extensions brought multimedia to the World Wide Web, and streaming services became more common. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>multimedia</i> was coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein (later '<a href="/wiki/Bobb_Goldsteinn" title="Bobb Goldsteinn">Bobb Goldsteinn</a>') to promote the July 1966 opening of his "Lightworks at L'Oursin" show in <a href="/wiki/Southampton,_New_York" title="Southampton, New York">Southampton, New York</a>, Long Island.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Goldstein was perhaps aware of an American artist named <a href="/wiki/Dick_Higgins" title="Dick Higgins">Dick Higgins</a>, who had two years previously discussed a new approach to art-making he called "<a href="/wiki/Intermedia" title="Intermedia">intermedia</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 10, 1966, Richard Albarino of <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i> borrowed the terminology, reporting: "Brainchild of song scribe-comic Bob ('<a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_(composition)" title="Washington Square (composition)">Washington Square</a>') Goldstein, the 'Lightworks' is the latest <i>multi-media</i> music-cum-visuals to debut as discothèque fare."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later, in 1968, the term "multimedia" was re-appropriated to describe the work of a political consultant, David Sawyer, the husband of Iris Sawyer—one of Goldstein's producers at L'Oursin. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_Show_1987.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ford_Show_1987.jpg/220px-Ford_Show_1987.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ford_Show_1987.jpg/330px-Ford_Show_1987.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ford_Show_1987.jpg/440px-Ford_Show_1987.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1197" data-file-height="906" /></a><figcaption>Multimedia (multi-image) setup for the 1988 Ford New Car Announcement Show, August 1987, Detroit, MI</figcaption></figure><p> In the intervening forty years, the word has taken on different meanings. In the late 1970s, the term referred to presentations consisting of <a href="/wiki/Multi-Image" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-Image"> multi-projector slide shows</a> timed to an audio track. However, by the 1990s, 'multimedia' had taken on its current meaning. </p><p>In the 1993 first edition of <i>Multimedia: Making It Work</i>, Tay Vaughan declared, "Multimedia is any combination of text, graphic art, sound, animation, and video that is delivered by computer. When you allow the user – the viewer of the project – to control what and when these elements are delivered, it is <i>interactive multimedia</i>. When you provide a structure of linked elements through which the user can navigate, interactive multimedia becomes <i>hypermedia</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This book contained the <i>Tempra Show</i> software.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was a later, rebranded version of the 1985 DOS multimedia software <i>VirtulVideo Producer,</i> about which the Smithsonian declared, "It is one of the first, if not the first, multi-media authoring systems on the market."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The German language society <a href="/wiki/Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_deutsche_Sprache" title="Gesellschaft für deutsche Sprache">Gesellschaft für deutsche Sprache</a> recognized the word's significance and ubiquitousness in the 1990s by awarding it the title of <a href="/wiki/Word_of_the_year_(Germany)" title="Word of the year (Germany)">German 'Word of the Year'</a> in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The institute summed up its rationale by stating, "[Multimedia] has become a central word in the wonderful new media world".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In common usage, <i>multimedia</i> refers to the usage of multiple media of communication, including video, still images, animation, audio, and text, in such a way that they can be accessed interactively. Video, still images, animation, audio, and written text are the building blocks on which multimedia takes shape. In the 1990s, some computers were called "multimedia computers" because they represented advances in graphical and audio quality, such as the Amiga 1000, which could produce 4096 colors (12-bit color), outputs for TVs and VCRs, and four-voice stereo audio.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Changes in removable storage technology during this time were also important, as the standard <a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a> can hold on average 700 megabytes of data, while the maximum amount of data a 3.5-inch floppy disk can hold is 2.8 megabytes, with an average of 1.44 megabytes.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greater storage allowed for larger digital media files and therefore more complex multimedia. </p><p>The term "video", if not used exclusively to describe motion photography, is ambiguous in multimedia terminology. <i><a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">Video</a></i> is often used to describe the file format, delivery format, or presentation format instead of <i>"<a href="/wiki/Footage" title="Footage">footage</a>"</i> which is used to distinguish motion <a href="/wiki/Photography" title="Photography">photography</a> from <i>"<a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">animation</a>"</i> of <a href="/wiki/Artistic_rendering" class="mw-redirect" title="Artistic rendering">rendered</a> motion imagery. Multiple forms of information content are often not considered modern forms of presentation, such as audio or video. Likewise, single forms of information content with single methods of information processing (e.g., non-interactive audio) are often called multimedia, perhaps to distinguish <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/static" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:static">static</a> media from <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/active" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:active">active</a> media. In the <a href="/wiki/Fine_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Fine arts">fine arts</a>, for example, <a href="/wiki/Leda_Luss_Luyken" title="Leda Luss Luyken">Leda Luss Luyken</a>'s <a href="/wiki/ModulArt" class="mw-redirect" title="ModulArt">ModulArt</a> brings two key elements of musical composition and film into the world of painting: variation of a theme and movement of and within a picture, making <i>ModulArt</i> an <a href="/wiki/Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Interactive">interactive</a> multimedia form of art. <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">Performing arts</a> may also be considered multimedia, considering that performers and <a href="/wiki/Theatrical_property" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatrical property">props</a> are multiple forms of both content and media. </p><p>In modern times, a multimedia device can be referred to as an electronic device, such as a smartphone, a video game system, or a computer. Each and every one of these devices has a main function but also has other uses beyond their intended purpose, such as reading, writing, recording video and audio, listening to music, and playing video games. This has led them to be called "multimedia devices." While previous media was always local, many are now handled through web-based solutions, particularly streaming. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_characteristics">Major characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Major characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Multimedia presentations</b> are presentations featuring multiple types of media. The different types of media can include <a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing">text</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graphics" title="Graphics">graphics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">audio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a> and <a href="/wiki/Animations" class="mw-redirect" title="Animations">animations</a>. These different types of media convey information to their target audience and effectively communicate with them. <a href="/wiki/Videos" class="mw-redirect" title="Videos">Videos</a> are a great visual example to use in multimedia presentations because they can create visual aids to the presenter's ideas. They are commonly used among education and many other industries to benefit students and workers, as they effectively retain chunks of information in a limited amount of time and can be stored easily. Another example is charts and graphs, as the presenters can show their audience the trends using data associated with their researches. This provides the audience a visual idea of a company's capabilities and performances.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Audio also helps people understand the message being presented, as most modern videos are combined with audio to increase its efficiency, while animations are made to simplify things from the presenter's perspective. These technological methods allow efficient communication and understanding across a wide range of audiences (with an even wider range of abilities) throughout different fields. </p><p><b>Multimedia games and simulations</b> may be used in a physical environment with special effects, with multiple users in an online <a href="/wiki/Computer_networking" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer networking">network</a>, or locally with an offline computer, <a href="/wiki/Game_console" class="mw-redirect" title="Game console">game system</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simulator" class="mw-redirect" title="Simulator">simulator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">virtual reality</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Augmented_reality" title="Augmented reality">augmented reality</a>. </p><p>The various formats of technological or <a href="/wiki/Digital_multimedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital multimedia">digital multimedia</a> may be intended to enhance the users' experience, for example, to make it easier and faster to convey information. Or in entertainment or art, combine an array of artistic insights that include elements from different art forms to engage, inspire, or captivate an audience. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Classical_spectacular_laser_effects.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Classical_spectacular_laser_effects.jpg/200px-Classical_spectacular_laser_effects.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Classical_spectacular_laser_effects.jpg/300px-Classical_spectacular_laser_effects.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Classical_spectacular_laser_effects.jpg/400px-Classical_spectacular_laser_effects.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Laser_lighting_display" title="Laser lighting display">lasershow</a> is a live multimedia performance.</figcaption></figure> <p>Enhanced levels of interactivity are made possible by combining multiple forms of media content. <a href="/wiki/Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Online">Online</a> multimedia is increasingly becoming object-oriented and data-driven, enabling applications with <a href="/wiki/Collaborative_software" title="Collaborative software">collaborative</a> <a href="/wiki/User_innovation" title="User innovation">end-user innovation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Personalized" class="mw-redirect" title="Personalized">personalization</a> on multiple forms of content over time. Examples of these range from multiple forms of content on Web sites like photo galleries with both images (pictures) and titles (text) user-updated to simulations whose coefficients, events, illustrations, animations, or videos are modifiable, allowing the multimedia "experience" to be altered without reprogramming. In addition to seeing and hearing, <a href="/wiki/Haptic_technology" title="Haptic technology">haptic technology</a> enables virtual objects to be felt. Emerging technology involving illusions of <a href="/wiki/Taste" title="Taste">taste</a> and <a href="/wiki/Odor" title="Odor">smell</a> may also enhance the multimedia experience. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Categorization">Categorization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Categorization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Multimedia may be broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories: </p> <ul><li>Linear active content progresses often without any navigational control, only focusing on the user to watch the entire piece by involving higher levels of emotional and sensory stimulation based on what's being shown as a <a href="/wiki/Movie_theater" title="Movie theater">cinema presentation</a>;</li> <li>Non-linear uses <a href="/wiki/Interactivity" title="Interactivity">interactivity</a> to control progress as with a <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video game</a> or self-paced <a href="/wiki/Computer-based_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer-based training">computer-based training</a> so that the actions made will be based on how the user interacts within the simulated world. <a href="/wiki/Hypermedia" title="Hypermedia">Hypermedia</a> is an example of non-linear content.</li></ul> <p>Multimedia <a href="/wiki/Presentation" title="Presentation">presentations</a> can be live or recorded: </p> <ul><li>A recorded presentation may allow interactivity via a <a href="/wiki/Spatial_navigation" title="Spatial navigation">navigation system</a>;</li> <li>A live multimedia presentation may allow interactivity via an interaction with the presenter or performer.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage/Application"><span id="Usage.2FApplication"></span>Usage/Application</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Usage/Application"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steven_Koonin_BP_2005-02-22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Steven_Koonin_BP_2005-02-22.jpg/220px-Steven_Koonin_BP_2005-02-22.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Steven_Koonin_BP_2005-02-22.jpg/330px-Steven_Koonin_BP_2005-02-22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Steven_Koonin_BP_2005-02-22.jpg/440px-Steven_Koonin_BP_2005-02-22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="1168" /></a><figcaption>A presentation using <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint" title="Microsoft PowerPoint">PowerPoint</a>. Corporate presentations may combine all forms of media content.</figcaption></figure> <p>Multimedia finds its application in various areas, including, but not limited to, <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">advertisements</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">entertainment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">business</a>, scientific <a href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">research</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Visual_thinking" title="Visual thinking">spatial temporal applications</a>. Several examples are as follows: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creative_industries">Creative industries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Creative industries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Creative_industries" title="Creative industries">Creative industries</a> use multimedia for a variety of purposes, ranging from fine arts, entertainment, commercial art, <a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">journalism</a>, to media and software services provided for any of the industries listed below. An individual multimedia designer may cover the spectrum throughout their career. Requests for their skills range from technical to analytical to creative. Multimedia, but more impressively in the modern day, the <a href="/wiki/Interactivity" title="Interactivity">interactivity</a> of the multimedia created forms the foundation for which most creative endeavors that take place online. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> is one of the biggest computer industries in the world, and a core foundation of its success relies on the ability of multimedia designers to optimize user experience through interacting with their products. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_uses">Commercial uses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Commercial uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marketing and commercial practices are becoming increasingly reliant on interactive multimedia, allowing more sophisticated tactics and increased customer retention. Advertising companies heavily utilize social media, online interfaces and television to promote products, while <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">ads</a> and websites that utilize <a href="/wiki/Pop-up_ad" title="Pop-up ad">pop-ups</a> need shorter, more concise methods to be as efficient and pleasing to the potential customers as possible. These platforms can be used by commercial businesses to specifically target their desired audience with a message, advertisement or promotion. External and internal office communications are often developed by hired <a href="/w/index.php?title=Creative_service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Creative service (page does not exist)">creative service</a> firms to display information in a variety of situations. This can range from providing more engaging presentations to educating trainees or new workers on a company's policies or process. Commercial multimedia developers may also be hired to design for <a href="/wiki/Governmental_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Governmental services">governmental services</a> or <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonprofit">nonprofit service</a> applications, usually in the form of campaign websites and commercials aimed at the general public. Data mining within multimedia platforms can also allow advertisers to adjust their marketing techniques to quickly and efficiently understand the demographic of their target audience.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> : Recently developed techniques include digital billboards, often placed on the side of buildings and wrapped around the edge or corner. Clips can then be added at differing angles to create a three-dimensional <a href="/wiki/Optical_illusion" title="Optical illusion">optical illusion</a>, which is more likely to draw the attention of an observer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entertainment_and_fine_arts">Entertainment and fine arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Entertainment and fine arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Multimedia is heavily used in the entertainment industry, especially to develop <a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">special effects</a> in movies and animations (VFX, 3D animation, etc.). Multimedia games are a popular pastime and are software programs available either as CD-ROMs or online. <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">Video games</a> are considered multimedia, as they meld animation, audio, and interactivity to give the player an immersive experience. While video games can vary in terms of animation style or audio type, the element of interactivity makes them a striking example of <i>interactive multimedia</i>. <i>Interactive multimedia</i> refers to multimedia applications that allow users to actively participate instead of just sitting by as passive recipients of information. In the <a href="/wiki/Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts">arts</a>, there are <a href="/wiki/Multimedia_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Multimedia art">multimedia artists</a> who blend techniques using different media that in some way incorporate interaction with the viewer. Another approach entails the creation of multimedia that can be displayed in a traditional fine arts arena, such as an <a href="/wiki/Art_gallery" title="Art gallery">art gallery</a>. Video has become an intrinsic part of many concerts and theatrical productions in the modern era and has spawned content creation opportunities for many media professionals. Although multimedia display material may be volatile, the survivability of the content is as strong as any traditional medium. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a>, multimedia is used to produce <a href="/wiki/Computer-based_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer-based training">computer-based training</a> courses (popularly called CBTs) and reference books like encyclopedias and almanacs. A CBT lets the user go through a series of presentations, text about a particular topic, and associated illustrations in various information formats. </p><p>Learning theory in the past decade has expanded dramatically because of the introduction of multimedia. Several lines of research have evolved, e.g., <a href="/wiki/Cognitive_load" title="Cognitive load">cognitive load</a> and <a href="/wiki/Multimedia_learning" class="mw-redirect" title="Multimedia learning">multimedia learning</a>. </p><p>From multimedia learning (MML) theory, David Roberts has developed a large group lecture practice using PowerPoint and based on the use of full-slide images in conjunction with a reduction of visible text (all text can be placed in the notes view' section of PowerPoint).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The method has been applied and evaluated in 9 disciplines. In each experiment, students' engagement and active learning have been approximately 66% greater than with the same material being delivered using bullet points, text, and speech, corroborating a range of theories presented by multimedia learning scholars like Sweller and <a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Mayer" title="Richard E. Mayer">Mayer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The idea of media convergence is also becoming a major factor in education, particularly higher education. Defined as separate technologies such as voice (and telephony features), data (and productivity applications), and video that now share resources and interact with each other, media convergence is rapidly changing the curriculum in universities all over the world. Higher education has been implementing the use of social media applications such as Twitter, YouTube, Facebook, etc. to increase student collaboration and develop new processes in how information can be conveyed to students.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Educational_technology">Educational technology</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Educational technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Interactive_multimedia_educational_game.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Interactive_multimedia_educational_game.jpg/220px-Interactive_multimedia_educational_game.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Interactive_multimedia_educational_game.jpg/330px-Interactive_multimedia_educational_game.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Interactive_multimedia_educational_game.jpg/440px-Interactive_multimedia_educational_game.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4575" data-file-height="6499" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Interactive">Interactive</a> multimedia <a href="/wiki/Educational_game" title="Educational game">educational game</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Multimedia provides students with an alternate means of acquiring knowledge designed to enhance teaching and learning through various media and platforms.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In the 1960s, technology began to expand into classrooms through devices such as screens and telewriters.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This technology allows students to learn at their own pace and gives teachers the ability to observe the individual needs of each student. The capacity for multimedia to be used in <a href="/wiki/Multi-disciplinary" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-disciplinary">multi-disciplinary</a> settings is structured around the idea of creating a hands-on learning environment through the use of technology.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Lessons can be tailored to the subject matter as well as personalized to the students' varying levels of knowledge on the topic. Learning content can be managed through activities that utilize and take advantage of multimedia platforms.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This kind of usage of modern multimedia encourages interactive communication between students and teachers and opens feedback channels, introducing an active learning process, especially with the prevalence of <a href="/wiki/New_media" title="New media">new media</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Technology has impacted multimedia as it is largely associated with the use of computers or other electronic devices and <a href="/wiki/Digital_media" title="Digital media">digital media</a> due to its capabilities concerning research, communication, problem-solving through simulations, and feedback opportunities.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The innovation of technology in education through the use of multimedia allows for diversification among classrooms to enhance the overall learning experience for students.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within education, video games, specifically fast-paced action games, are able to play a big role in improving cognitive abilities involving attention, task switching, and resistance to distractors. Research also shows that, though video games may take time away from schoolwork, implementing games into the school curriculum has an increased probability of moving attention from games to curricular goals. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_work">Social work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Social work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Multimedia is a robust education methodology within the social work context. The five different types of multimedia that support the education process are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrative_media&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narrative media (page does not exist)">narrative media</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interactive_media" title="Interactive media">interactive media</a>, communicative media, adaptive media, and productive media. Contrary to long-standing belief, multimedia technology in social work education existed before the prevalence of the internet. It takes the form of images, audio, and video into the curriculum. </p><p>First introduced to <a href="/wiki/Social_work" title="Social work">social work</a> education by Seabury & Maple in 1993, multimedia technology is utilized to teach social work practice skills, including interviewing, crisis intervention, and group work. In comparison with conventional teaching methods, including face-to-face courses, multimedia education shortens transportation time, increases knowledge and confidence in a richer and more authentic context for learning, generates interaction between online users, and enhances understanding of conceptual materials for novice students. </p><p>In an attempt to examine the impact of multimedia technology on students' studies, A. Elizabeth Cauble & Linda P. Thurston conducted research in which Building Family Foundations (BFF), an interactive multimedia training platform, was utilized to assess social work students' reactions to multimedia technology on variables of knowledge, attitudes, and <a href="/wiki/Self-efficacy" title="Self-efficacy">self-efficacy</a>. The results state that respondents show a substantial increase in academic knowledge, confidence, and attitude. Multimedia also benefits students because it brings experts online, fits students' schedule, and allows students to choose courses that suit them. </p><p>Mayer's Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning suggests that "people learn more from words and pictures than from words alone." According to Mayer and other scholars, multimedia technology stimulates people's brains by implementing visual and auditory effects and thereby assists online users to learn efficiently. Researchers suggest that when users establish dual channels while learning, they tend to understand and memorize better. The mixed literature of this theory is still present in the fields of multimedia and social work.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language_communication">Language communication</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Language communication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the spread and development of the English language around the world, multimedia has become an important way of communicating between different people and cultures. Multimedia technology creates a platform where language can be taught. The traditional form of teaching English as a Second Language in classrooms has drastically changed with the prevalence of technology, making it easier for students to obtain language learning skills. Multimedia motivates students to learn more languages through audio, visual, and animation support. It also helps create English contexts since an important aspect of learning a language is developing their grammar, vocabulary, and knowledge of pragmatics and genres. In addition, cultural connections in terms of forms, contexts, meanings, and ideologies have to be constructed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> By improving thought patterns, multimedia develops students' <a href="/wiki/Communicative_competence" title="Communicative competence">communicative competence</a> by improving their capacity to understand the language.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the studies, carried out by Izquierdo, Simard and Pulido, presented the correlation between "Multimedia Instruction (MI) and learners' second language (L2)"<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its effects on learning behavior. Their findings, based on <a href="/wiki/Howard_Gardner" title="Howard Gardner">Gardner</a>'s theory of the "<a href="/wiki/Motivation_in_second-language_learning" title="Motivation in second-language learning">socio-educational model</a> of learner motivation and attitudes," show that there is easier access to language learning materials as well as increased motivation with MI along with the use of <a href="/wiki/Computer-assisted_language_learning" title="Computer-assisted language learning">computer-assisted language learning</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journalism">Journalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Journalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newspaper companies all over the world are trying to embrace the new phenomenon by implementing its practices in their work. While some have been slow to come around, other major newspapers like <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>,</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> are setting a precedent for the positioning of the newspaper industry in a globalized world. To keep up with the changing world of multimedia, journalistic practices are adopting and utilizing different multimedia functions through the inclusion of visuals such as varying audio, video, text, etc. in their writings.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Raadioajakirjaniku_t%C3%B6%C3%B6vahendid-_mikrofon_ja_makk..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Raadioajakirjaniku_t%C3%B6%C3%B6vahendid-_mikrofon_ja_makk..jpg/220px-Raadioajakirjaniku_t%C3%B6%C3%B6vahendid-_mikrofon_ja_makk..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Raadioajakirjaniku_t%C3%B6%C3%B6vahendid-_mikrofon_ja_makk..jpg/330px-Raadioajakirjaniku_t%C3%B6%C3%B6vahendid-_mikrofon_ja_makk..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Raadioajakirjaniku_t%C3%B6%C3%B6vahendid-_mikrofon_ja_makk..jpg/440px-Raadioajakirjaniku_t%C3%B6%C3%B6vahendid-_mikrofon_ja_makk..jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>journalism</figcaption></figure> <p>News reporting is not limited to traditional media outlets. Freelance journalists can use different new media to produce multimedia pieces for their news stories. It engages global audiences and tells stories with technology, which develops new communication techniques for both media producers and consumers. The Common Language Project, later renamed <a href="/wiki/The_Seattle_Globalist" title="The Seattle Globalist">The Seattle Globalist</a>, is an example of this type of multimedia journalism production. </p><p>Multimedia reporters who are mobile (usually driving around a community with cameras, audio and video recorders, and laptop computers) are often referred to as <a href="/wiki/Mojo_(mobile_journalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mojo (mobile journalist)">mojos</a>, or <i>mobile </i>journalists. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multimedia_Engineering">Multimedia Engineering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Multimedia Engineering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Software_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Software engineer">Software engineers</a> may use multimedia in <a href="/wiki/Simulations#Computer_simulators" class="mw-redirect" title="Simulations">computer simulations</a> for anything from entertainment to <a href="/wiki/Training" title="Training">training</a>, such as military or industrial training. Multimedia for <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">software interfaces</a> is often done as a collaboration between <a href="/wiki/Creative_professional" title="Creative professional">creative professionals</a> and software engineers. Multimedia helps expand the teaching practices that can be found in engineering to allow for more innovative methods to not only educate future engineers but to help evolve the scope of understanding of where multimedia can be used in specialized engineer careers like software engineers.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Multimedia is also allowing major car manufacturers, such as <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>, to expand the design and safety standards of their cars. By using a game engine and virtual reality glasses, these companies are able to test the safety features and the design of the car before a prototype is even made. Building a car virtually reduces the time it takes to produce new vehicles, cutting down on the time needed to test designs and allowing the designers to make changes in real time. It also reduces expenses since, with a virtual car, making real-world prototypes is no longer needed.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mathematical_and_scientific_research">Mathematical and scientific research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Mathematical and scientific research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CMAP_-_Centre_de_Math%C3%A9matiques_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_l%27Ecole_polytechnique_(25911635211).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CMAP_-_Centre_de_Math%C3%A9matiques_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_l%27Ecole_polytechnique_%2825911635211%29.jpg/220px-CMAP_-_Centre_de_Math%C3%A9matiques_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_l%27Ecole_polytechnique_%2825911635211%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CMAP_-_Centre_de_Math%C3%A9matiques_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_l%27Ecole_polytechnique_%2825911635211%29.jpg/330px-CMAP_-_Centre_de_Math%C3%A9matiques_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_l%27Ecole_polytechnique_%2825911635211%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/CMAP_-_Centre_de_Math%C3%A9matiques_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_l%27Ecole_polytechnique_%2825911635211%29.jpg/440px-CMAP_-_Centre_de_Math%C3%A9matiques_Appliqu%C3%A9es_de_l%27Ecole_polytechnique_%2825911635211%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4724" data-file-height="3150" /></a><figcaption>mathematics</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematical</a> and scientific <a href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">research</a>, multimedia is mainly used for modeling and simulation with binary code. For example, a <a href="/wiki/Scientist" title="Scientist">scientist</a> can look at a <a href="/wiki/Molecular_modelling" title="Molecular modelling">molecular model</a> of a particular substance and manipulate it to arrive at a new substance. Representative research can be found in journals such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Multimedia" title="Journal of Multimedia">Journal of Multimedia</a></i>. One well-known example of this being applied would be in the movie <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_(film)" title="Interstellar (film)">Interstellar</a>, where Executive Director <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Kip Thorne</a> helped create one of the most realistic depictions of a black hole in film. The visual effects team under <a href="/wiki/Paul_Franklin_(visual_effects_supervisor)" title="Paul Franklin (visual effects supervisor)">Paul Franklin</a> took Kip Thorne's mathematical data and applied it into their own visual effects engine called "Double Negative Gravitational Renderer," a.k.a. "Gargantua," to create a "real" black hole used in the final cut. Later on, the visual effects team went on to publish a black hole study. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medicine">Medicine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medical professionals and students have a wide variety of ways to learn new techniques and procedures through interactive media, online courses, and lectures. The methods of conveying information to students have drastically evolved with the help of multimedia. From the 1800s to today, lessons are commonly taught using chalkboards. Projected aids, such as the epidiascope and slide projectors, were introduced into classrooms around the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the growing use of computers, the medical field has begun to incorporate new devices and procedures to assist in teaching students, performing procedures, and analyzing patient data. As well as providing that data in a meaningful way to the patients.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Virtual_reality">Virtual reality</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Virtual reality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_officer_using_Valve_Index.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Air_Force_officer_using_Valve_Index.jpg/220px-Air_Force_officer_using_Valve_Index.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Air_Force_officer_using_Valve_Index.jpg/330px-Air_Force_officer_using_Valve_Index.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Air_Force_officer_using_Valve_Index.jpg/440px-Air_Force_officer_using_Valve_Index.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6401" data-file-height="4572" /></a><figcaption>Air force officer using a VR headset to simulate piloting an aircraft</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">Virtual reality</a> is a technology that creates a simulated environment, often using computer-generated imagery or a combination of real and virtual content, to immerse users in an interactive and lifelike experience. The aim of virtual reality is to make users feel as if they are physically present in a different environment, even though they are typically still physically located in the real world. Virtual reality finds applications across various fields, including gaming, education, healthcare, training, and entertainment. In gaming, users can be transported to fantastical worlds, experiencing games in a more immersive way. In education, VR can provide realistic simulations for training purposes, allowing users to practice skills in a risk-free environment. Healthcare professionals use VR for therapeutic purposes and medical training. The U.S. Air Force has shown using VR for training programs for their new pilots to simulate piloting an aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This allows new pilots to learn in a safe environment and get comfortable before getting in a real aircraft. </p><p>Head-mounted display (HMD): Users wear a headset that covers their eyes and ears, providing visual and auditory stimuli. These headsets are equipped with screens that display the virtual environment, and some may also have built-in speakers or headphones for audio. </p><p>Motion tracking: Sensors track the user's movements, allowing them to interact with the virtual world. This can include head movements, hand gestures, and sometimes even full-body movements, enhancing the sense of immersion. </p><p>Input devices: Controllers or other input devices are used to interact with the virtual environment. These devices can simulate hands or tools, enabling users to manipulate objects or navigate within the virtual space. </p><p>Computer processing: Powerful computers or gaming consoles are often required to generate and render the complex graphics and simulations needed for a convincing virtual experience. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Augmented_reality">Augmented reality</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Augmented reality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Augmented_reality" title="Augmented reality">Augmented reality</a> overlays digital content or output onto the real world using media such as audio, animation, and text. Augmented reality became widely popular only in the 21st century; however, some of the earlier versions of such were things like the <a href="/wiki/Sega_Genesis" title="Sega Genesis">Sega Genesis</a> Activator Controller back in 1992, which allowed users to literally stand in an octagon and control in-game movement with physical movement, or to stretch back even further, the <a href="/wiki/R.O.B." title="R.O.B.">R.O.B.</a> NES Robot back in 1984, which, with its array of accessories, was able to also provide users with the sensation of holding a firearm. These multimedia input devices are among the earliest of the augmented reality devices, allowing users to input commands to facilitate a different user experience. A more modern example of augmented reality is <a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_GO" class="mw-redirect" title="Pokémon GO">Pokémon GO</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_game" title="Mobile game">mobile game</a> released on July 6, 2016, which allows users to see a Pokémon in a real-world environment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artmedia" title="Artmedia">Artmedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Audio (disambiguation)">Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audiovisual" title="Audiovisual">Audiovisual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Images" class="mw-redirect" title="Images">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-image" title="Multi-image">Multi-image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_cartography" title="Multimedia cartography">Multimedia cartography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_Messaging_Service" title="Multimedia Messaging Service">Multimedia Messaging Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_search" title="Multimedia search">Multimedia search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_media_art" title="New media art">New media art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-linear_media" title="Non-linear media">Non-linear media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postliterate_society" class="mw-redirect" title="Postliterate society">Postliterate society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing">Text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmedia_storytelling" title="Transmedia storytelling">Transmedia storytelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_multimedia_access" title="Universal multimedia access">Universal multimedia access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Game" class="mw-redirect" title="Video Game">Video Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">Virtual reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_documentary" title="Web documentary">Web documentary</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Multimedia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBadiiFuschiKhanAdetoye2009" class="citation book cs1">Badii, Atta; Fuschi, David; Khan, Ali; Adetoye, 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.side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>Multimedia</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=multimedia">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=multimedia&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/multimedia" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/multimedia">multimedia</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Multimedia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Multimedia">Multimedia</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1028920/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Multimedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4192358-3">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="multimedia systems"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh92002381">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="multimédias"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13505286r">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="multimédias"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13505286r">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="multimédia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph115379&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007290696505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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