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class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Caterpillar company formed (1925) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caterpillar_company_formed_(1925)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion_in_developing_markets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion_in_developing_markets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 Expansion in developing markets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion_in_developing_markets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acquisitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 Acquisitions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Divestitures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Divestitures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8 Divestitures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Divestitures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business_lines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_lines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Business lines </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Business_lines-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Business lines subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Business_lines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Machinery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Machinery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Machinery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Machinery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On-road_trucks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On-road_trucks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 On-road trucks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On-road_trucks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Engines_and_gas_turbines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Engines_and_gas_turbines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Engines and gas turbines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Engines_and_gas_turbines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caterpillar_Defense_Products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caterpillar_Defense_Products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Caterpillar Defense Products </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caterpillar_Defense_Products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caterpillar_Electronics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caterpillar_Electronics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Caterpillar Electronics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caterpillar_Electronics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture_products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture_products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Agriculture products </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture_products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_products_and_brand_licensing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_products_and_brand_licensing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Financial products and brand licensing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_products_and_brand_licensing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Operations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Operations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Manufacturing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacturing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Manufacturing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manufacturing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remanufacturing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remanufacturing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Remanufacturing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remanufacturing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Distribution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Management </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_board_of_directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_board_of_directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Current board of directors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_board_of_directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Workforce_and_labor_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Workforce_and_labor_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Workforce and labor relations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Workforce_and_labor_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Workforce and labor relations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Workforce_and_labor_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Labor_practices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labor_practices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Labor practices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labor_practices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Coerced_labor_in_Xinjiang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coerced_labor_in_Xinjiang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Coerced labor in Xinjiang </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coerced_labor_in_Xinjiang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Environmental record </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Environmental_record-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Environmental record subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Environmental_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Environmental_stewardship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_stewardship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Environmental stewardship </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_stewardship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clean_Air_Act_violation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clean_Air_Act_violation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Clean Air Act violation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clean_Air_Act_violation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carbon_footprint" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carbon_footprint"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Carbon footprint </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carbon_footprint-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Controversies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tax_deferral_techniques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_deferral_techniques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Tax deferral techniques </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_deferral_techniques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel_Defense_Forces_sales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel_Defense_Forces_sales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Israel Defense Forces sales </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel_Defense_Forces_sales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trademark_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trademark_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Trademark claims </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trademark_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Defective_engines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defective_engines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Defective engines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defective_engines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advocacy,_philanthropy_and_awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advocacy,_philanthropy_and_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Advocacy, philanthropy and awards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advocacy,_philanthropy_and_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Caterpillar Inc.</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" > 45 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B1" title="كاتربيلر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاتربيلر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کاترپیلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کاترپیلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Катърпилър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Катърпилър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کاترپیلار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاترپیلار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%90%ED%84%B0%ED%95%84%EB%9F%AC" title="캐터필러 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캐터필러" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_(azienda)" title="Caterpillar (azienda) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Caterpillar (azienda)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="קטרפילר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קטרפילר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%94%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC_(%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD)" title="キャタピラー (企業) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キャタピラー (企業)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="แคทเธอร์พิลลาร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคทเธอร์พิลลาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc." title="Caterpillar Inc. – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Caterpillar Inc." data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Caterpillar" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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Inc">Caterpillar Inc</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American construction-equipment manufacturer</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Caterpillar (disambiguation)">Caterpillar (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Caterpillar Inc.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Caterpillar_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Caterpillar_logo.svg/250px-Caterpillar_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Caterpillar_logo.svg/375px-Caterpillar_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Caterpillar_logo.svg/500px-Caterpillar_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="112" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Caterpillarhq.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Caterpillarhq.JPG/220px-Caterpillarhq.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Caterpillarhq.JPG/330px-Caterpillarhq.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Caterpillarhq.JPG/440px-Caterpillarhq.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Former headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">Peoria, Illinois</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">CAT</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">NYSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyse.com/quote/XNYS:CAT">CAT</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/DJIA" class="mw-redirect" title="DJIA">DJIA</a> component</li><li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_100" title="S&P 100">S&P 100</a> component</li><li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_500" title="S&P 500">S&P 500</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_equipment" title="Heavy equipment">Heavy equipment</a></li><li>Engines</li><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">Financial services</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>C. L. Best Tractor Company</li><li><a href="/wiki/Holt_Manufacturing_Company" title="Holt Manufacturing Company">Holt Manufacturing Company</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">April 15, 1925; 99 years ago (1925-04-15) in <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/C.L._Best" class="mw-redirect" title="C.L. Best">C.L. Best</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Holt" title="Benjamin Holt">Benjamin Holt</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a>, U.S.<a href="#cite_note-CatLocations-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Umpleby" title="Jim Umpleby">Jim Umpleby</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">chairman</a> & <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding:0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Products List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D11" title="Caterpillar D11">D11 Bulldozer</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_345C_L" title="Caterpillar 345C L">345C L Excavator</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_930G" title="Caterpillar 930G">930G Wheel Loader</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_797F" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar 797F">797F Haul Truck</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C13" title="Caterpillar C13">C13 Diesel Engine</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C32" title="Caterpillar C32">C32 Diesel/Gasoline Engine</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C280" title="Caterpillar C280">C280 Diesel/Gasoline Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding:0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Services List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">Financing</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Insurance</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Maintenance,_repair_and_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Maintenance, repair and operations">Maintenance</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Training" title="Training">Training</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"> <img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>67.06 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$12.97 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$10.34 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$87.48 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$19.50 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">113,200 (December 2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding:0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Subsidiary List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Caterpillar Financial Services</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Caterpillar Insurance Holdings</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Caterpillar Logistics Services</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Caterpillar Marine Power Systems</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">FG Wilson</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Perkins_Engines" title="Perkins Engines">Perkins Engines</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Progress_Rail" title="Progress Rail">Progress Rail</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Solar_Turbines" title="Solar Turbines">Solar Turbines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caterpillar.com/">caterpillar.com</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Footnotes / references <a href="#cite_note-about-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-haddock-37-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-10K-2023-5">[5]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Caterpillar Inc., also known as Cat, is an American construction, mining and other engineering equipment manufacturer.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> The company is the world's largest manufacturer of construction equipment.<a href="#cite_note-about-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-10K_2009-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> In 2018, Caterpillar was ranked number 73 on the Fortune 500 list<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> and number 265 on the Global Fortune 500 list.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Caterpillar stock is a component of the <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" title="Dow Jones Industrial Average">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Caterpillar Inc. traces its origins to the 1925 merger of the <a href="/wiki/Holt_Manufacturing_Company" title="Holt Manufacturing Company">Holt Manufacturing Company</a> and the <a href="/wiki/C._L._Best" title="C. L. Best">C. L. Best</a> Tractor Company, creating a new entity, California-based Caterpillar Tractor Company.<a href="#cite_note-lehman_deals-12">[12]</a> In 1986, the company reorganized itself as a Delaware corporation under the current name, Caterpillar Inc. It announced in January 2017 that over the course of that year, it would relocate its headquarters from Peoria, Illinois, to <a href="/wiki/Deerfield,_Illinois" title="Deerfield, Illinois">Deerfield, Illinois</a>, scrapping plans from 2015 of building an $800 million new headquarters complex in downtown Peoria.<a href="#cite_note-PStar2017-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Its headquarters are located in <a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a>, since 2022.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> The company also licenses and markets a line of clothing and workwear boots under its Cat / Caterpillar name.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Additionally, the company licensed the <a href="/wiki/Cat_phone" title="Cat phone">Cat phone</a> brand of toughened mobile phones and <a href="/wiki/Rugged_smartphone" title="Rugged smartphone">rugged smartphones</a> from 2012 to 2024.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Caterpillar machinery and other company-branded products are recognizable by their trademark "Caterpillar Yellow" <a href="/wiki/Livery" title="Livery">livery</a> and the "CAT" logo.<a href="#cite_note-tmyellow-20">[20]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Holt_Manufacturing_Company" title="Holt Manufacturing Company">Holt Manufacturing Company</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BenjaminHolt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/BenjaminHolt.jpg/220px-BenjaminHolt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/BenjaminHolt.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="376" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Holt" title="Benjamin Holt">Benjamin Holt</a>, one of the founders of Holt Manufacturing Company</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holt75pk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An early bulldozer-like tractor, on crawler tracks, with a leading single wheel – for steering – projecting from the front on an extension to the frame. The large internal combustion engine is in full view, with the cooling radiator prominent at the front. An overall roof is supported by thin rods, and side protection sheeting is rolled up under the edge of the roof." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Holt75pk.jpg/220px-Holt75pk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Holt75pk.jpg/330px-Holt75pk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Holt75pk.jpg/440px-Holt75pk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1211" data-file-height="878" /></a><figcaption>The Holt 75 model gasoline-powered Caterpillar tractor used early in World War I as an artillery tractor. Later models were produced without the front "tiller wheel", c. 1914.</figcaption></figure> The company traces its roots to the <a href="/wiki/Steam_tractor" title="Steam tractor">steam tractor</a> machines manufactured by the Holt Manufacturing Company in 1890.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> The steam tractors of the 1890s and early 1900s were extremely heavy, sometimes weighing 1,000 pounds (450 kg) per <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">horsepower</a>, and often sank into the earth of the <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_%E2%80%93_San_Joaquin_River_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacramento – San Joaquin River Delta">San Joaquin Valley Delta</a> farmland surrounding <a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Holt" title="Benjamin Holt">Benjamin Holt</a> attempted to fix the problem by increasing the size and width of the wheels up to 7.5 feet (2.3 m) tall and 6 feet (1.8 m) wide, producing a tractor 46 feet (14 m) wide, but this also made the tractors increasingly complex, expensive, and difficult to maintain. Another solution considered was to lay a temporary <a href="/wiki/Plank_road" title="Plank road">plank road</a> ahead of the steam tractor, but this was time-consuming, expensive, and interfered with earthmoving. Holt thought of wrapping the planks around the wheels.<a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a> He replaced the wheels on a 40 horsepower (30 kW) Holt steamer, No. 77, with a set of wooden tracks bolted to chains. On Thanksgiving Day, November 24, 1904, he successfully tested the updated machine plowing the soggy <a href="/wiki/Delta_(landform)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta (landform)">delta land</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_%E2%80%93_San_Joaquin_River_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacramento – San Joaquin River Delta">Roberts Island</a>.<a href="#cite_note-laird-23">[23]</a> Contemporaneously, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hornsby_%26_Sons" title="Richard Hornsby & Sons">Richard Hornsby & Sons</a> in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England, developed a steel plate-tracked vehicle, which it patented in 1904.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> This tractor was the first to be steered using differential braking of the tracks, eliminating the forward tiller and steering wheel. Several tractors were made and sold to operate in the <a href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</a>, one example of which was in operation until 1927, and remnants of it still exist. Hornsby found a limited market for their tractor, so they sold their patent to Holt five years after its development.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Company photographer Charles Clements, looking at the machine's upside-down image through his camera lens, commented that the track rising and falling over the carrier rollers looked like a <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar" title="Caterpillar">caterpillar</a>,<a href="#cite_note-about-inventors-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-acmoc2-27">[27]</a> and Holt seized on the <a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">metaphor</a>. "Caterpillar it is. That's the name for it!"<a href="#cite_note-laird-23">[23]</a> Some sources, though, attribute this name to British soldiers who had witnessed trials of the Hornsby tractor in July 1907. Two years later, Holt sold his first steam-powered tractor crawlers for US$5,500, about US$185,000 in 2024. Each side featured a track frame measured 30 inches (760 mm) high by 42 inches (1,100 mm) wide and were 9 feet (2.7 m) long. The tracks were 3 inches (76 mm) by 4 inches (100 mm) <a href="/wiki/Sequoia_sempervirens" title="Sequoia sempervirens">redwood</a> slats.<a href="#cite_note-laird-23">[23]</a> Holt received the first <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patent</a> for a practical <a href="/wiki/Continuous_track" title="Continuous track">continuous track</a> for use with a tractor on December 7, 1907, for his improved "Traction Engine" ("improvement in vehicles, and especially of the traction engine class; and included endless traveling platform supports upon which the engine is carried").<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Headquarters_locations">Headquarters locations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Headquarters locations">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holt_East_Peoria_1910_interior_left.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Holt_East_Peoria_1910_interior_left.jpg/220px-Holt_East_Peoria_1910_interior_left.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Holt_East_Peoria_1910_interior_left.jpg/330px-Holt_East_Peoria_1910_interior_left.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Holt_East_Peoria_1910_interior_left.jpg/440px-Holt_East_Peoria_1910_interior_left.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption>The Holt Caterpillar Co. factory in <a href="/wiki/East_Peoria,_Illinois" title="East Peoria, Illinois">East Peoria, Illinois</a>, in 1910. Tractors were assembled in place before assembly lines were introduced. Holt bought the plant from the bankrupt Colean Manufacturing Co. in 1910.<a href="#cite_note-journal28may-29">[29]</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Caterpillar_Tractor_Co._Factory,_Peoria,_Ill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/The_Caterpillar_Tractor_Co._Factory%2C_Peoria%2C_Ill.jpg/220px-The_Caterpillar_Tractor_Co._Factory%2C_Peoria%2C_Ill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/The_Caterpillar_Tractor_Co._Factory%2C_Peoria%2C_Ill.jpg/330px-The_Caterpillar_Tractor_Co._Factory%2C_Peoria%2C_Ill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/The_Caterpillar_Tractor_Co._Factory%2C_Peoria%2C_Ill.jpg/440px-The_Caterpillar_Tractor_Co._Factory%2C_Peoria%2C_Ill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="947" /></a><figcaption>A postcard showing the Caterpillar Tractor Co. plant in <a href="/wiki/East_Peoria" class="mw-redirect" title="East Peoria">Peoria</a>, period 1930–1945</figcaption></figure> On February 2, 1910,<a href="#cite_note-acmoc2-27">[27]</a> Holt opened up a plant in <a href="/wiki/East_Peoria" class="mw-redirect" title="East Peoria">East Peoria</a>, Illinois, led by his nephew Pliny Holt. There, Pliny met farm implement dealer <a href="/wiki/Murray_M._Baker" title="Murray M. Baker">Murray Baker</a>, who knew of an empty factory that had been recently built to manufacture farm implements and steam <a href="/wiki/Traction_engine" title="Traction engine">traction engines</a>. Baker, who later became the first executive vice president of what became Caterpillar Tractor Company, wrote to Holt headquarters in Stockton and described the plant of the bankrupt Colean Manufacturing Co. of East Peoria. On October 25, 1909, Pliny Holt purchased the factory,<a href="#cite_note-leffingwell-30">[30]</a> and immediately began operations with 12 employees.<a href="#cite_note-gordon-31">[31]</a> Holt incorporated it as the Holt Caterpillar Company, although he did not trademark the name Caterpillar until August 2, 1910.<a href="#cite_note-acmoc2-27">[27]</a> The addition of a plant in the <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a>, despite the hefty <a href="/wiki/Capital_(economics)" title="Capital (economics)">capital</a> needed to retool the plant, proved so profitable that only two years later, the company employed 625 people and was exporting tractors to Argentina, Canada, and Mexico.<a href="#cite_note-idch-32">[32]</a> Tractors were built in both Stockton and East Peoria.<a href="#cite_note-orleman-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> On January 31, 2017, the company announced plans to move their headquarters from Peoria to <a href="/wiki/Deerfield,_Illinois" title="Deerfield, Illinois">Deerfield, Illinois</a>, by the end of 2017.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The new location at 500 Lake Cook Road is the former site of a <a href="/wiki/Fiatallis" title="Fiatallis">Fiatallis</a> plant that manufactured wheel loaders for many years. On June 14, 2022, the company announced plans to move its global headquarters from Deerfield, Illinois, to <a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a>, beginning later in the year, citing "the best strategic interest of the company."<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_in_World_War_I">Use in World War I</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Use in World War I">edit</a>]</div> The first <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a> used in WWI were manufactured by <a href="/wiki/William_Foster_%26_Co." title="William Foster & Co.">William Foster & Co.</a>, also in Lincolnshire, England, and were introduced to the battlefield in 1916. That company had collaborated with Hornsby in the development of the vehicles demonstrated to the British military in 1907, providing the paraffin (kerosene) engines. Holt's track-type tractors played a support role in World War I. Even before the U.S. formally entered WWI, Holt had shipped 1,200 tractors to England, France, and Russia for agricultural purposes. These governments, however, sent the tractors directly to the battlefront, where the military put them to work hauling artillery and supplies.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> When <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> broke out, the British War Office ordered a Holt tractor and put it through trials at <a href="/wiki/Aldershot" title="Aldershot">Aldershot</a>. The War Office was suitably impressed and chose it as a <a href="/wiki/Artillery_tractor" title="Artillery tractor">gun tractor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-historic-38">[38]</a> Over the next four years, the Holt tractor became a major <a href="/wiki/Artillery_tractor" title="Artillery tractor">artillery tractor</a>, mainly used to haul medium guns such as the <a href="/wiki/6_inch_26_cwt_howitzer" class="mw-redirect" title="6 inch 26 cwt howitzer">6-inch howitzer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/BL_60_pounder_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="BL 60 pounder gun">60-pounder</a>, and later the <a href="/wiki/BL_9.2_inch_Howitzer" class="mw-redirect" title="BL 9.2 inch Howitzer">9.2-inch</a> howitzer.<a href="#cite_note-freeserver-39">[39]</a> Holt tractors were also the inspiration for the development of the British <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tank</a>, which profoundly altered ground warfare tactics.<a href="#cite_note-laird-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Major <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Dunlop_Swinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernest Dunlop Swinton">Ernest Swinton</a>, sent to France as an army <a href="/wiki/War_correspondent" title="War correspondent">war correspondent</a>, very soon saw the potential of a track-laying tractor.<a href="#cite_note-swinton-41">[41]</a>: 116  Although the British later chose an English firm to build its first tanks, the Holt tractor became "one of the most important military vehicles of all time."<a href="#cite_note-freeserver-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_challenges">Postwar challenges</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Postwar challenges">edit</a>]</div> Holt tractors had become well known during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. Military contracts formed the major part of the company's production. When the war ended, Holt's planned expansion to meet the military's needs was abruptly terminated. The heavy-duty tractors needed by the military were unsuitable for farmers. The company's situation worsened when artillery tractors were returned from Europe, depressing prices for new equipment and Holt's unsold inventory of military tractors. The company struggled with the transition from wartime boom to peacetime bust. To keep the company afloat, they borrowed heavily. C. L. Best Gas Tractor Company, formed by Clarence Leo Best in 1910, and Holt's primary competitor, had during the war received government support, enabling it to supply farmers with the smaller agricultural tractors they needed.<a href="#cite_note-ohecat-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-acmoc3-43">[43]</a> As a result, Best had gained a considerable market advantage over Holt by war's end. Best also assumed considerable debt to allow it to continue expansion, especially the production of its new Best Model 60 "Tracklayer". Both companies were adversely impacted by the transition from a wartime to a peacetime economy, which contributed to a nationwide <a href="/wiki/Depression_of_1920%E2%80%9321" class="mw-redirect" title="Depression of 1920–21">depression</a>, further inhibiting sales. On December 5, 1920, 71-year-old Benjamin Holt died after a month-long illness.<a href="#cite_note-acmoc3-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caterpillar_company_formed_(1925)">Caterpillar company formed (1925)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Caterpillar company formed (1925)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caterpillar-60,_1931.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Caterpillar-60%2C_1931.jpg/220px-Caterpillar-60%2C_1931.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Caterpillar-60%2C_1931.jpg/330px-Caterpillar-60%2C_1931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Caterpillar-60%2C_1931.jpg/440px-Caterpillar-60%2C_1931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="296" /></a><figcaption>A 60-horsepower Caterpillar Sixty being used for road work in the <a href="/wiki/Cibola_National_Forest" title="Cibola National Forest">Cibola National Forest</a>, New Mexico, United States in 1931</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serpentine_vtm_cat_d2_gnangarra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Serpentine_vtm_cat_d2_gnangarra.jpg/220px-Serpentine_vtm_cat_d2_gnangarra.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Serpentine_vtm_cat_d2_gnangarra.jpg/330px-Serpentine_vtm_cat_d2_gnangarra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Serpentine_vtm_cat_d2_gnangarra.jpg/440px-Serpentine_vtm_cat_d2_gnangarra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D2" title="Caterpillar D2">Caterpillar D2</a>, introduced in 1938, at the Serpentine Vintage Tractor Museum, <a href="/wiki/Serpentine,_Western_Australia" title="Serpentine, Western Australia">Serpentine, Western Australia</a></figcaption></figure> The banks and bankers who held the company's large debt forced the Holt board of directors to accept their candidate, Thomas A. Baxter, to succeed Benjamin Holt. Baxter initially cut the large tractors from the company's product line and introduced smaller models focused on the agricultural market. When the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aid_Highway_Act_of_1921_(Phipps_Act)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Aid Highway Act of 1921 (Phipps Act)">Federal Aid Highway Act of 1921</a> funded a US$1 billion federal highway building program, Baxter began refocusing the company towards building road-construction equipment.<a href="#cite_note-leffingwell-30">[30]</a>: 66  Both companies also faced fierce competition from the <a href="/wiki/Fordson_tractor" class="mw-redirect" title="Fordson tractor">Fordson</a> company. Between 1907 and 1918, Best and Holt had spent about US$1.5 million in legal fees fighting each other in a number of <a href="/wiki/Breach_of_contract" title="Breach of contract">contractual</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trademark_infringement" title="Trademark infringement">trademark</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Patent_infringement" title="Patent infringement">patent infringement</a> lawsuits.<a href="#cite_note-acmoc6-45">[45]</a> Harry H. Fair of the bond brokerage house of Pierce, Fair & Company of San Francisco had helped to finance C. L. Best's debt and Holt shareholders approached him about their company's financial difficulty. Fair recommended that the two companies should merge. In April and May 1925, the financially stronger C. L. Best merged with the market leader Holt Caterpillar to form the Caterpillar Tractor Co.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> The new company was headquartered in San Leandro until 1930, when under the terms of the merger, it was moved to Peoria.<a href="#cite_note-gordon-31">[31]</a> Baxter had been removed as CEO earlier in 1925, and Clarence Leo Best assumed the title of CEO, and remained in that role until October 1951.<a href="#cite_note-ohecat-42">[42]</a> The Caterpillar company consolidated its product lines, offering only five track-type tractors: the <a href="/wiki/Holt_tractor#2_Ton" title="Holt tractor">2 Ton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holt_tractor#5_Ton" title="Holt tractor">5 Ton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Holt_tractor#10_Ton" title="Holt tractor">10 Ton</a> from the Holt Manufacturing Company's old product line and the <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_30" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar 30">Caterpillar 30</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_60" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar 60">Caterpillar 60</a> from the C. L. Best Tractor Co.'s former product line. The 10 Ton and 5 Ton models were discontinued in 1926. In 1928, the 2 Ton was discontinued. Sales the first year were US$13 million. By 1929, sales climbed to US$52.8 million, and Caterpillar continued to grow throughout the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> of the 1930s. Caterpillar adopted the <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel engine</a> to replace gasoline engines. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Caterpillar products found fame with the <a href="/wiki/Seabees" class="mw-redirect" title="Seabees">Seabees</a>, construction battalions of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a>, which built <a href="/wiki/Aerodrome" title="Aerodrome">airfields</a> and other facilities in the <a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic-Pacific Theater">Pacific Theater of Operations</a>. Caterpillar ranked 44th among United States corporations in the value of wartime military production contracts.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> During the postwar construction boom, the company grew at a rapid pace, and launched its first venture outside the U.S. in 1950, marking the beginning of Caterpillar's development into a <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational corporation</a>. In 2018, Caterpillar was in the process of restructuring, closing a demonstration center in Panama and an engine-manufacturing facility in Illinois.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion_in_developing_markets">Expansion in developing markets</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Expansion in developing markets">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Excavator,_Caterpillar_Inc._2021052202.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Excavator%2C_Caterpillar_Inc._2021052202.jpg/170px-Excavator%2C_Caterpillar_Inc._2021052202.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Excavator%2C_Caterpillar_Inc._2021052202.jpg/255px-Excavator%2C_Caterpillar_Inc._2021052202.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Excavator%2C_Caterpillar_Inc._2021052202.jpg/340px-Excavator%2C_Caterpillar_Inc._2021052202.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Excavator displayed at the 2021 Changsha International Construction Equipment Exhibition, in Changsha, Hunan, China</figcaption></figure> Caterpillar built its first Russian facility in the town of <a href="/wiki/Tosno" title="Tosno">Tosno</a>, located near <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg, Russia">St. Petersburg, Russia</a>. It was completed in 16 months, occupied in November 1999, and began fabricating machine components in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> It had the first electrical substation built in the <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad Oblast</a> since the Communist government was dissolved on December 26, 1991. The facility was built under harsh winter conditions, where the temperature was below −13 °F (−25 °C). The facility construction was managed by the <a href="/wiki/Lemmink%C3%A4inen_Group" title="Lemminkäinen Group">Lemminkäinen Group</a> in <a href="/wiki/Helsinki,_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki, Finland">Helsinki, Finland</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In May 2022, production at the Tosno plant was stopped. In November 2023, an agreement was reached on the sale of Caterpillar assets to the Russian company PSK - New Solutions, founded by people from <a href="/wiki/Sberbank" title="Sberbank">Sberbank</a>. Experts believe that the resumption of Caterpillar production is unlikely and the plant will be repurposed.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The $125 million Caterpillar Suzhou, <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> facility, manufactures medium-wheel loaders and motor graders, primarily for the Asian market. The first machine was scheduled for production in March 2009. URS Ausino, in San Francisco, California, manages facility construction.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Caterpillar has manufactured in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> since 1960.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 2010 the company announced plans to further expand production of <a href="/wiki/Backhoe" title="Backhoe">backhoe</a> and small wheel loaders with a new factory.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Caterpillar has been manufacturing machines, engines, and generator sets in India, as well. Caterpillar has three facilities in India, which are in Tamil Nadu (Thiruvallur and Hosur) and Maharastra (Aurangabad). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acquisitions">Acquisitions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Acquisitions">edit</a>]</div> In addition to increasing sales of its core products, much of Caterpillar's growth has been through acquisitions, including: <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Sortable table </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Company or asset acquired </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Location </th> <th scope="col">Date </th> <th scope="col">Acquired from </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Products </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trackson" class="mw-redirect" title="Trackson">Trackson</a> </td> <td>Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States </td> <td>1951<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Traxcavator" title="Traxcavator">Traxcavators</a> (tracked loaders) and pipelayers </td> <td>"Traxcavator" became a Cat brand </td></tr> <tr> <td>Towmotor Corporation </td> <td>Mentor, Ohio, United States </td> <td>1965<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Forklifts </td> <td>In 1992 became <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Caterpillar_Forklifts" title="Mitsubishi Caterpillar Forklifts">Mitsubishi Caterpillar Forklifts</a>, a joint venture 80% owned by <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Heavy_Industries" title="Mitsubishi Heavy Industries">Mitsubishi Heavy Industries</a>. Marketed under both the Towmotor and Caterpillar brands – the Caterpillar brand changed to Cat Lift Trucks<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solar_Turbines" title="Solar Turbines">Solar Division and Turbomach Division</a> </td> <td>San Diego, California, United States </td> <td>1981<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Harvester" title="International Harvester">International Harvester Company</a> </td> <td>Industrial <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbines</a> </td> <td>Became <a href="/wiki/Solar_Turbines" title="Solar Turbines">Solar Turbines Incorporated</a>, a wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Balderson, Inc. </td> <td>Wamego, Kansas, United States </td> <td>1990<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> </td> <td>Balderson, Inc. </td> <td>Work Tools for Construction and Mining Equipment, e.g. buckets, blades, forks </td> <td>The name of Balderson, Inc., was changed to Caterpillar Work Tools, Inc. in 1998 and remains a wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Barber-Greene Co. Inc. </td> <td>Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States </td> <td>1991<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Paving products </td> <td>Renamed Caterpillar Paving Products </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maschinenbau_Kiel" title="Maschinenbau Kiel">Krupp MaK Maschinenbau GmbH</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a>, Germany </td> <td>1997<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Dec-1996-8-K-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> </td> <td>Fried. Krupp GmbH </td> <td>Marine diesel engines </td> <td>Renamed MaK Motoren GmbH, a wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. and will continue to use the MaK brand name. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perkins_Engines" title="Perkins Engines">Perkins Engines</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peterborough" title="Peterborough">Peterborough</a>, United Kingdom </td> <td>1998<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Dec-1997-8-K-61">[61]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/LucasVarity" title="LucasVarity">LucasVarity</a> </td> <td>Small diesel engines </td> <td>Produces both Cat- and Perkins-branded engines </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kato Engineering </td> <td>Mankato, Minnesota, United States </td> <td>1998<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> </td> <td>Rockwell Automation, Inc. </td> <td>Large electrical generators </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>F.G. Wilson </td> <td>Larne, Northern Ireland </td> <td>1999<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Jun-1996-8-K-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> </td> <td>Emerson Electric Company </td> <td>Generators, produces both Cat- and Olympian-branded generators </td> <td>Asset swap, Emerson acquired Kato Engineering from Caterpillar as part of transaction. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Earthmoving Equipment Division </td> <td>Chennai, India </td> <td>2000<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Motors" title="Hindustan Motors">Hindustan Motors</a> Ltd. </td> <td>Construction equipment </td> <td>Renamed Caterpillar India, and the service and maintenance are provided by Birla Group's GMMCO Ltd. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Caterpillar Elphinstone </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burnie" title="Burnie">Burnie</a>, Australia </td> <td>2000<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elphinstone_Group" title="Elphinstone Group">Elphinstone</a> </td> <td>Underground mining equipment </td> <td>Acquired 50% interest in joint venture from partner Elphinstone, renamed Caterpillar Underground Mining </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sabre Engines Ltd. </td> <td>Wimborne, United Kingdom </td> <td>2000<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td> <td>Sabre Group Ltd. </td> <td>Marine diesel engines </td> <td>Renamed Caterpillar Marine Power UK, produces both Cat- and Perkins-Sabre-branded engines </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bitelli" title="Bitelli">Bitelli SpA</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minerbio" title="Minerbio">Minerbio</a>, Italy </td> <td>2000<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Asphalt pavers, cold planers, compactors and other road maintenance products </td> <td>Merged into Caterpillar Paving Products </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wealdstone Engineering Ltd. </td> <td>Rushden, United Kingdom </td> <td>2004<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-2005-DEF-14A-69">[69]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Remanufacturer of gasoline and diesel engines </td> <td>Organized under Caterpillar Remanufacturing Services </td></tr> <tr> <td>Williams Technologies, Inc. </td> <td>Summerville, South Carolina, United States </td> <td>2004<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-2005-DEF-14A-69">[69]</a> </td> <td>Delco Remy International Inc. </td> <td>Remanufacturer of automatic transmissions, torque converters and engines </td> <td>Organized under Caterpillar Remanufacturing Services </td></tr> <tr> <td>Turbomach SA </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lavertezzo" title="Lavertezzo">Riazzino</a>, Switzerland </td> <td>2004<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-2005-10-K-70">[70]</a> </td> <td>Babcock Borsig AG </td> <td>Packager of industrial gas turbines and related systems </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Progress_Rail" title="Progress Rail">Progress Rail</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albertville,_Alabama" title="Albertville, Alabama">Albertville, Alabama</a>, United States </td> <td>2006<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-May-2006-8-K-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </td> <td>One Equity Partners </td> <td>Supplier of railroad and transit system products and services, owner of <a href="/wiki/Electro-Motive_Diesel" title="Electro-Motive Diesel">Electro-Motive Diesel</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hindustan PowerPlus Ltd. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Madagondapalli" title="Madagondapalli">Mathagondapalli</a>, Tamil Nadu, India </td> <td>2006<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-2007-10-K-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> </td> <td>Hindustan Motors </td> <td>Engine components and heavy-duty diesel engines </td> <td>Buyout of joint venture formed in 1988, renamed Caterpillar Power India Private Ltd., merged into Caterpillar India in 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eurenov S.A.S. </td> <td>Chaumont, France </td> <td>2007<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-2008-10-K-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Automotive component remanufacturing </td> <td>Organized under Caterpillar Remanufacturing Services </td></tr> <tr> <td>Forestry Division of Blount International, Inc. </td> <td>Portland, Oregon, United States </td> <td>2007<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-2008-10-K-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td> <td>Blount International, Inc. </td> <td>Timber harvesting and processing equipment, loaders and attachments </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shandong Engineering Machinery (SEM) </td> <td>China </td> <td>2008<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Mar-2008-8-K-78">[78]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Wheel loaders </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lovat Inc. </td> <td>Toronto, Ontario, Canada </td> <td>2008<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Aug-2008-10-Q-79">[79]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tunnel_boring_machine" title="Tunnel boring machine">Tunnel boring machines</a> </td> <td>2 April 2008: "This acquisition is Caterpillar's entry into the rapidly expanding tunnel boring machine business, and it represents an excellent strategic fit for our companies and the customers we serve around the world," – Stu Levenick, Caterpillar group president. 2 May 2013: "We continuously evaluate our strategic portfolio to ensure alignment with our long-term strategy and have concluded the tunneling business no longer fits that strategy," – Stu Levenick. Caterpillar Tunneling Canada Corporation (CTCC) have notified employees that it will exit the business and cease production at its facilities by mid-2014. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shin Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd. </td> <td>Sagami & Akashi, Japan </td> <td>2008<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Aug-2008-10-Q-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> </td> <td>Mitsubishi Heavy Industries </td> <td>Construction equipment </td> <td>Joint venture since 1963, after purchase of majority renamed Caterpillar Japan Ltd. </td></tr> <tr> <td>MGE Equipamentos & Serviços Ferroviários </td> <td>Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil </td> <td>2008<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-2009-10-K-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Railroad equipment remanufacturing </td> <td>Subsidiary of Progress Rail </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gremada Industries, Inc. </td> <td>West Fargo, North Dakota, United States </td> <td>2008<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Oct-2008-10-Q-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> </td> <td>Gremada Industries, Inc. </td> <td>Remanufacturing transmissions, torque converters, and final drives </td> <td>Organized under Caterpillar Remanufacturing Services </td></tr> <tr> <td>Twin City Signal Inc. </td> <td>Hudson, Wisconsin, United States </td> <td>2008<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Signaling, traffic control </td> <td>Division of Progress Rail </td></tr> <tr> <td>JCS Co., Ltd. </td> <td>Yangsan City, Kyungnam, South Korea </td> <td>2009<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-May-2010-10-Q-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> </td> <td>Jinsung T.E.C. Co., Ltd. </td> <td>Seal technology </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>GE Inspection Products </td> <td>Erie, Pennsylvania, United States </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> </td> <td>GE Transportation </td> <td>Rail inspection products </td> <td>Division of Progress Rail </td></tr> <tr> <td>FCM Rail Ltd. </td> <td>Fenton, Michigan, United States </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Jul-2010-10-Q-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Rail maintenance equipment leasing </td> <td>Division of Progress Rail </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zeit Comercio e Montagem de Equipamentos Ltda </td> <td>Curitiba, Parana, Brazil </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Automation and electrical equipment for locomotives and other industries </td> <td>Acquired by MGE, a division of Progress Rail </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electro-Motive_Diesel" title="Electro-Motive Diesel">Electro-Motive Diesel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Grange,_Illinois" title="La Grange, Illinois">La Grange, Illinois</a>, United States </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Jun-2010-8-K-92">[92]</a> </td> <td>Greenbriar Equity Group LLC, Berkshire Partners LLC, et al. </td> <td>Railroad locomotives and large diesel engines </td> <td>Wholly owned subsidiary of Progress Rail </td></tr> <tr> <td>Underground Imaging Technologies, Inc. (UIT) </td> <td>Latham, New York, United States </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Geophysical services, specializing in providing three-dimensional representations of underground utilities </td> <td>Organized under Cat Advanced Systems Division </td></tr> <tr> <td>Caterpillar Xuzhou Ltd </td> <td>Xuzhou, China </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/XCMG" title="XCMG">XCMG Group</a> </td> <td>Construction equipment </td> <td>Joint venture since 1995, will become wholly owned subsidiary Caterpillar Xuzhou </td></tr> <tr> <td>CleanAIR Systems, Inc. </td> <td>Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Customized stationary aftertreatment solutions for internal combustion engines </td> <td>Wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. organized under Customer Services Support Division </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/MWM_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="MWM GmbH">MWM Holding GmbH</a> </td> <td>Mannheim, Germany </td> <td>2010<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Nov-2011-10-Q-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-97">[97]</a> </td> <td>3i Group Plc </td> <td>Gas and diesel powered generator sets </td> <td>will become part of Caterpillar's Electric Power division (formerly Deutz Power Systems division of <a href="/wiki/Deutz-Fahr" title="Deutz-Fahr">Deutz-Fahr</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bucyrus_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Bucyrus International">Bucyrus International, Inc.</a> </td> <td>South Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States </td> <td>2011<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Jul-2011-8-K-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Surface and underground mining equipment </td> <td>Transaction closed without issuing new equity on July 8, 2011, in firm's largest acquisition ever, valued at $8.8 billion. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pyroban" title="Pyroban">Pyroban Group Ltd</a> </td> <td>Shoreham, UK </td> <td>2011<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Nov-2011-10-Q-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Fire and explosion prevention solutions for engines and equipment </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Berg_Propulsion" title="Berg Propulsion">Berg Propulsion</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6n%C3%B6" title="Hönö">Hönö</a>, Gothenburg, Sweden </td> <td>2013<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Controllable-pitch propellers for the marine industry </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Marble Robot, Inc. </td> <td>San Francisco, California, USA </td> <td>2020<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Robotics, machinery for groceries, prescriptions, and package delivery </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Divestitures">Divestitures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Divestitures">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar occasionally divests assets that do not align with its core competencies. <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Sortable table </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Asset Divested </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Location </th> <th scope="col">Date </th> <th scope="col">Purchaser </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Products </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Turbomach Division of Solar Turbines Incorporated </td> <td>San Diego, California, United States </td> <td>1985<a href="#cite_note-turbomachsunstrand-103">[103]</a> </td> <td>Sunstrand Corporation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_power_unit" title="Auxiliary power unit">Auxiliary power units</a> </td> <td>Caterpillar's only aerospace asset, not a core competency, sold to longtime partner </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kato Engineering </td> <td>Mankato, Minnesota, United States </td> <td>1999<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Feb-1999-8-K-104">[104]</a> </td> <td>Emerson Electric Company </td> <td>Large electrical generators </td> <td>Asset swap. Caterpillar acquired F.G. Wilson from Emerson as part of transaction. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Agricultural equipment assets </td> <td>DeKalb, Illinois, United States </td> <td>2002<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Dec-2001-8-K-105">[105]</a> </td> <td>AGCO Corporation </td> <td>Design, assembly and marketing of <a href="/wiki/Challenger_Tractor" title="Challenger Tractor">Challenger track tractors</a> </td> <td>Although founded as an agricultural equipment manufacturer, Caterpillar exited the business with this sale. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Preferred Group of Mutual Funds </td> <td>not applicable </td> <td>2006<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> </td> <td>T. Rowe Price Group Inc. </td> <td>Mutual funds </td> <td>Caterpillar Investment Management Ltd. decided to exit the investment management business. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pioneer Machinery </td> <td>West Columbia, South Carolina, United States </td> <td>2007<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> </td> <td>Consortium of six Caterpillar dealers </td> <td>Distributor of forestry equipment </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ASV, Inc. </td> <td>Grand Rapids, Minnesota, United States </td> <td>2008<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> </td> <td>Terex Minnesota, Inc. </td> <td>Rubber track machines </td> <td>Caterpillar formerly held 23.5% of ASV outstanding shares before supporting the purchase by Terex </td></tr> <tr> <td>Caterpillar Logistics Services </td> <td>Morton, IL, United States </td> <td>2012<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-Inc-Nov-2012-10-Q-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Platinum_Equity" title="Platinum Equity">Platinum Equity, LLC</a> </td> <td>Logistics Services & Warehousing Solutions </td> <td>Caterpillar retains a 35% equity stake. Business renamed <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neovialogistics.com/">Neovia Logistics Services LLC</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Historical financial data in billions of US dollars<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-ar2016-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>2001</th> <th>2002</th> <th>2003</th> <th>2004</th> <th>2005</th> <th>2006</th> <th>2007</th> <th>2008</th> <th>2009</th> <th>2010</th> <th>2011</th> <th>2012</th> <th>2013</th> <th>2014</th> <th>2015</th> <th>2016</th> <th>2017</th> <th>2018</th> <th>2019</th> <th>2020</th> <th>2021</th> <th>2022</th> <th>2023 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Revenue</td> <td>20.51</td> <td>20.19</td> <td>22.81</td> <td>30.31</td> <td>36.34</td> <td>41.52</td> <td>44.96</td> <td>51.32</td> <td>32.37</td> <td>42.59</td> <td>60.14</td> <td>65.88</td> <td>55.66</td> <td>55.18</td> <td>47.01</td> <td>38.54</td> <td>45.46</td> <td>54.72</td> <td>53.80</td> <td>41.75</td> <td>50.97</td> <td>59.43</td> <td>67.06 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Net Income</td> <td>0.805</td> <td>0.798</td> <td>1.099</td> <td>2.035</td> <td>2.854</td> <td>3.537</td> <td>3.541</td> <td>3.557</td> <td>0.895</td> <td>2.700</td> <td>4.928</td> <td>5.397</td> <td>6.556</td> <td>2.452</td> <td>2.512</td> <td>−0.067</td> <td>0.743</td> <td>6.147</td> <td>6.093</td> <td>2.998</td> <td>6.489</td> <td>6.705</td> <td>10.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total Assets</td> <td>30.49</td> <td>32.71</td> <td>36.71</td> <td>43.10</td> <td>47.07</td> <td>51.45</td> <td>56.13</td> <td>67.78</td> <td>60.04</td> <td>64.02</td> <td>81.22</td> <td>88.83</td> <td>84.76</td> <td>84.50</td> <td>78.34</td> <td>74.70</td> <td>76.96</td> <td>78.51</td> <td>78.45</td> <td>78.32</td> <td>82.79</td> <td>81.94</td> <td>87.48 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Employees (thousands)</td> <td>70.68</td> <td>70.97</td> <td>67.83</td> <td>73.03</td> <td>81.67</td> <td>90.16</td> <td>97.44</td> <td>106.5</td> <td>99.36</td> <td>98.50</td> <td>113.6</td> <td>127.8</td> <td>122.5</td> <td>115.6</td> <td>110.8</td> <td>99.5</td> <td>98.4</td> <td>104.9</td> <td>102.3</td> <td>97.3</td> <td>107.7</td> <td>109.1</td> <td>113.2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Business_lines">Business lines</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Business lines">edit</a>]</div> Through fiscal year 2010, Caterpillar divided its products, services, and technologies into three principal lines of business: machinery, engines, and financial products for sale to private and governmental entities.<a href="#cite_note-about-3">[3]</a> As of 2022, Caterpillar reports its financials using four business segments: construction industries, resource industries, energy & transportation, and financial products.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Machinery">Machinery</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Machinery">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caterpillar_906H2,_Burg_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Caterpillar_906H2%2C_Burg_01.jpg/220px-Caterpillar_906H2%2C_Burg_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Caterpillar_906H2%2C_Burg_01.jpg/330px-Caterpillar_906H2%2C_Burg_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Caterpillar_906H2%2C_Burg_01.jpg/440px-Caterpillar_906H2%2C_Burg_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>Caterpillar 906H2 wheel loader</figcaption></figure> Caterpillar has a list of some 400 products for purchase through its dealer network. Caterpillar's line of machines range from tracked tractors to <a href="/wiki/Excavator" title="Excavator">hydraulic excavators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Backhoe" title="Backhoe">backhoe loaders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grader" title="Grader">motor graders</a>, off-highway trucks, <a href="/wiki/Loader_(equipment)" title="Loader (equipment)">wheel loaders</a>, agricultural <a href="/wiki/Tractor" title="Tractor">tractors</a>, and locomotives. Caterpillar machinery is used in the construction, <a href="/wiki/Road_construction" class="mw-redirect" title="Road construction">road-building</a>, mining, <a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">forestry</a>, energy, transportation, and material-handling industries. Caterpillar is the world's largest manufacturer of wheel loaders. The small size wheel loaders (SWL) are designed and manufactured at facilities in <a href="/wiki/Clayton,_North_Carolina" title="Clayton, North Carolina">Clayton, North Carolina</a>. The medium size (MWL) and large size (LWL) are designed at their <a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Illinois" title="Aurora, Illinois">Aurora, Illinois</a> facility. Medium wheel loaders are manufactured at: <a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Illinois" title="Aurora, Illinois">Aurora, Illinois</a>; <a href="/wiki/Sagamihara,_Kanagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sagamihara, Kanagawa">Sagamihara, Kanagawa</a>, Japan; <a href="/wiki/Piracicaba" title="Piracicaba">Piracicaba</a>, São Paulo, Brazil;<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>. Large wheel loaders are manufactured exclusively in the United States on three separate assembly lines at Aurora, Illinois. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On-road_trucks">On-road trucks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: On-road trucks">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar began selling a line of on-road <a href="/wiki/Truck" title="Truck">trucks</a> in 2011, the <a href="/wiki/Cat_CT660" title="Cat CT660">Cat CT660</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Class_8_truck" class="mw-redirect" title="Class 8 truck">Class 8 vocational truck</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> As of March 2016, Caterpillar has ceased production of on-highway vocational trucks stating that “Remaining a viable competitor in this market would require significant additional investment to develop and launch a complete portfolio of trucks, and upon an updated review, we determined there was not a sufficient market opportunity to justify the investment,” said Ramin Younessi, vice president with responsibility for Caterpillar's Industrial Power Systems Division. “We have not yet started truck production in Victoria, and this decision allows us to exit this business before the transition occurs.”<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Engines_and_gas_turbines">Engines and gas turbines</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Engines and gas turbines">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lifeboat_Engines.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Lifeboat_Engines.JPG/220px-Lifeboat_Engines.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Lifeboat_Engines.JPG/330px-Lifeboat_Engines.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Lifeboat_Engines.JPG/440px-Lifeboat_Engines.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Twin Caterpillar 3208T engines powering the <a href="/wiki/Clogher_Head" class="mw-redirect" title="Clogher Head">Clogher Head</a> lifeboat (Ireland)</figcaption></figure> A portion of Caterpillar's business is in the manufacturing of diesel and natural gas engines and <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbines" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas turbines">gas turbines</a> which, in addition to their use in the company's own vehicles, are used as the <a href="/wiki/Prime_mover_(locomotive)" title="Prime mover (locomotive)">prime movers</a> in <a href="/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">locomotives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Semi-trailer_truck" title="Semi-trailer truck">semi trucks</a>, marine vessels, and ships, as well as providing the power source for <a href="/wiki/Peak-load_power_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Peak-load power plant">peak-load power plants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electrical_generator" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical generator">emergency generators</a>. Caterpillar 3116 engine was used up until 1997, when Caterpillar introduced the inline 6 cylinder 7.2 litre <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_3126" title="Caterpillar 3126">Caterpillar 3126</a> engine as its first electronic diesel engine for light trucks and buses.<a href="#cite_note-EngineBuilder-122">[122]</a> Caterpillar decreased emissions and noise the next year in the 3126B version of the engine, and improved emissions further in 2002 with the 3126E which had an improved high-pressure oil pump and improved electronics.<a href="#cite_note-EngineBuilder-122">[122]</a> In 2003 Caterpillar started selling a new version of this engine called the <a href="/w/index.php?title=C-7_(diesel_engine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-7 (diesel engine) (page does not exist)">C-7</a> to meet increased <a href="/wiki/United_States_emission_standards" class="mw-redirect" title="United States emission standards">United States emission standards</a> that came into effect in 2004; it had the same overall design as the 3126 version, but with improved fuel injectors and electronics which included its new Advanced Combustion Emissions Reduction Technology (ACERT) system.<a href="#cite_note-EngineBuilder-122">[122]</a> In 2007, as <a href="/wiki/Ultra-low-sulfur_diesel" title="Ultra-low-sulfur diesel">ultra-low-sulfur diesel</a> became required in North America, Caterpillar updated the C7 to use <a href="/wiki/Common_rail" title="Common rail">common rail</a> fuel injectors and improved ACERT electronics.<a href="#cite_note-EngineBuilder-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> In 1998 Caterpillar purchased <a href="/wiki/Perkins_Engines" title="Perkins Engines">Perkins Engines</a> of Peterborough, England, a maker of small diesel and gasoline engines. Perkins engines are used in various applications. Perkins engine products are dual branded with the Perkins nameplate for both loose and OEM engines, and the CAT nameplate for captive engines within Caterpillar products. In June 2008, Caterpillar announced it would be exiting the on-highway diesel engine market in the United States before updated 2010 <a href="/wiki/U.S._Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a> (EPA) <a href="/wiki/Emission_standard" title="Emission standard">emission standards</a> took effect,<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> as costly changes to the engines, which only constituted a small percentage of Caterpillar's total engine sales, would be likely.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> In October 2010, Caterpillar announced it would buy German engine-manufacturer <a href="/wiki/MWM_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="MWM GmbH">MWM GmbH</a> from <a href="/wiki/3i" title="3i">3i</a> for $810 million.<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-97">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caterpillar_Defense_Products">Caterpillar Defense Products</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Caterpillar Defense Products">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caterpillar_Paver_at_Naval_Outlying_Field_Whitehouse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Caterpillar_Paver_at_Naval_Outlying_Field_Whitehouse.jpg/220px-Caterpillar_Paver_at_Naval_Outlying_Field_Whitehouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Caterpillar_Paver_at_Naval_Outlying_Field_Whitehouse.jpg/330px-Caterpillar_Paver_at_Naval_Outlying_Field_Whitehouse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Caterpillar_Paver_at_Naval_Outlying_Field_Whitehouse.jpg/440px-Caterpillar_Paver_at_Naval_Outlying_Field_Whitehouse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Caterpillar Paver at naval aircraft taxiway in <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IDF-D9-Zachi-Evenor-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/IDF-D9-Zachi-Evenor-001.jpg/220px-IDF-D9-Zachi-Evenor-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/IDF-D9-Zachi-Evenor-001.jpg/330px-IDF-D9-Zachi-Evenor-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/IDF-D9-Zachi-Evenor-001.jpg/440px-IDF-D9-Zachi-Evenor-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3666" data-file-height="3066" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/IDF_Caterpillar_D9" title="IDF Caterpillar D9">IDF Caterpillar D9</a> armored bulldozer</figcaption></figure> The Caterpillar Defence Products<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> subsidiary, headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury" title="Shrewsbury">Shrewsbury</a>, United Kingdom, provides diesel engines, automatic transmissions, and other parts for the UK's <a href="/wiki/Challenger_2_tank#Titan" class="mw-redirect" title="Challenger 2 tank">Titan</a> <a href="/wiki/Armored_bridge_layer" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored bridge layer">armored bridge layer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Challenger_2_tank#Trojan" class="mw-redirect" title="Challenger 2 tank">Trojan</a> <a href="/wiki/Combat_engineering_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat engineering vehicle">combat engineering tank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terrier_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrier vehicle">Terrier</a> <a href="/wiki/Combat_engineering_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat engineering vehicle">combat engineering vehicles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tank_transporter" title="Tank transporter">tank transporters</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> <a href="/wiki/MLI-84" title="MLI-84">MLI-84</a> <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">armored personnel carrier</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Swiss</a> <a href="/wiki/Mowag_Piranha" title="Mowag Piranha">Piranha III</a> <a href="/wiki/Light_armored_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Light armored vehicle">light armored vehicle</a>, which is currently being developed for use by American light armored formations; large fleets of military trucks in both the U.S. and UK; and the <a href="/wiki/Combat_Vehicle_90" title="Combat Vehicle 90">CV90</a> family of <a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">infantry fighting vehicles</a> used by the armies of Sweden, Norway, Finland, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Denmark. This division also provides both propulsion engines and power generation systems to the naval <a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Shipbuilding industry">shipbuilding industry</a>, such as the Series 3512B turbocharged V-12 diesel engine for American <a href="/wiki/Virginia-class_submarine" title="Virginia-class submarine">Virginia-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_submarine" title="Nuclear submarine">nuclear submarines</a>. Caterpillar diesel engines are also used in <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio-class_amphibious_transport_dock" title="San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock">San Antonio-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_transport_dock" title="Amphibious transport dock">amphibious transport docks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spanish</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Baz%C3%A1n-class_frigate" title="Álvaro de Bazán-class frigate">Álvaro de Bazán-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">British</a> <a href="/wiki/River-class_offshore_patrol_vessel" title="River-class offshore patrol vessel">River-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Offshore_patrol_vessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Offshore patrol vessel">offshore patrol vessels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Navy" title="Mexican Navy">Mexican</a> <a href="/wiki/Sierra-class_corvette" title="Sierra-class corvette">Sierra-class</a> patrol boats,<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Malaysian_Navy" title="Royal Malaysian Navy">Malaysian</a> <a href="/wiki/Kedah-class_offshore_patrol_vessel" title="Kedah-class offshore patrol vessel">Kedah-class</a> <a href="/wiki/MEKO" title="MEKO">MEKO</a> A-100 offshore patrol vessels.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The poor network security of the Caterpillar engines put the United States' submarine force at risk for <a href="/wiki/Cyberattack" title="Cyberattack">cyberattack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> In a 2015 interview on cybersecurity, the United States Navy clarified that Caterpillar actually has some of the most secure control systems. It will be used as a model of how the Navy will design cyber protections into its control systems.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a>' use of highly modified <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D9" title="Caterpillar D9">Caterpillar D9</a> bulldozers has led to Caterpillar being criticized by pro-Palestinian activists and some shareholders.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> In particular, the <a href="/wiki/IDF_Caterpillar_D9" title="IDF Caterpillar D9">IDF Caterpillar D9</a> was involved in an incident in 2003, in which the American activist <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Corrie" title="Rachel Corrie">Rachel Corrie</a> was killed by an Israeli soldier driving a bulldozer to demolish Gaza homes. A lawsuit against Caterpillar by her family and families of Palestinians, who were also killed by Caterpillar equipment, was unsuccessful.<a href="#cite_note-sun_corrie-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters_appeals-134">[134]</a> A lawsuit against <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Defense_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Defense Ministry">Israeli Defense Ministry</a> was rejected by an Israeli court, ruling that her death was an accident, caused by restricted field of view from the heavily armored operators' cabin.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> In 2014 <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a> sold its shares in Caterpillar citing the use of Caterpillar bulldozers involved in <a href="/wiki/House_demolition_in_the_Israeli-Palestinian_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="House demolition in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict">demolitions of Palestinian houses and Israeli surveillance activities in the West Bank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Cooperman2004-09-29-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-TimesOfIsrael-137">[137]</a> In August 2024, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State University</a> announced that, as part of a deal with student activists, it would divest from four companies that supply weapons for the Israeli army, among them Caterpillar.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caterpillar_Electronics">Caterpillar Electronics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Caterpillar Electronics">edit</a>]</div> The Caterpillar Electronics business unit has formed Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies LLC (CTCT), a 50:50 joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Trimble_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Trimble Inc">Trimble Inc</a>. CTCT develops positioning and control products for earthmoving and paving machines in the construction and mining industries, using technologies such as GNSS, optical total stations, lasers, and sonics. The products are used in a range of applications where the operator of the machine benefits from having accurate horizontal and vertical guidance. CTCT is based in <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a>, and started its operations on April 1, 2002. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture_products">Agriculture products</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Agriculture products">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar introduced the Challenger range of agricultural <a href="/wiki/Tractors" class="mw-redirect" title="Tractors">tractors</a> as the result of several development programs over a long period of time. The program started in the 1970s and involved both the D6-based units and the Grader power units. A parallel program was also developing wheeled high hp tractors based on using the articulated loading shovel chassis was later merged with the crawler team. The result was the Challenger Tractor and the "Mobi-Trac" system. The Challenger has been marketed in Europe as <a href="/wiki/Claas" title="Claas">Claas</a> machines since 1997, with Caterpillar marketing the Claas-built Lexion combine range in the USA. Claas and Caterpillar formed a joint venture, Claas Omaha, to build <a href="/wiki/Combine_harvester" title="Combine harvester">combine harvesters</a> in Omaha, Nebraska, USA under the CAT brand. In 2002, Cat sold its stake to Claas, and licensed the use of CAT and the CAT yellow livery to Claas. They are marketed as Lexion combines now. Also in 2002, Caterpillar sold the Challenger tracked tractor business to <a href="/wiki/AGCO" title="AGCO">AGCO</a> and licensed the use of the Challenger and CAT names and livery to them. This ended Cat's venture into agriculture. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_products_and_brand_licensing">Financial products and brand licensing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Financial products and brand licensing">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caterpillar-brand_work_boot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Caterpillar-brand_work_boot.jpg/220px-Caterpillar-brand_work_boot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Caterpillar-brand_work_boot.jpg/330px-Caterpillar-brand_work_boot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Caterpillar-brand_work_boot.jpg/440px-Caterpillar-brand_work_boot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Caterpillar-branded work boots manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Wolverine_World_Wide" title="Wolverine World Wide">Wolverine World Wide</a></figcaption></figure> Caterpillar provides financing and insurance services to customers via Cat Financial and Caterpillar Insurance Services, both of which are subsidiaries of Caterpillar, Inc. Cat Financial provides retail and wholesale financing for Caterpillar products and services, in addition to other equipment provided or facilitated by the company. The company also generates income through the licensing of the Caterpillar and CAT trademarks and logos.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> Caterpillar sells the right to manufacture, market, and sell products bearing the Cat trademark to licensees worldwide. <a href="/wiki/Wolverine_World_Wide" title="Wolverine World Wide">Wolverine World Wide</a> is one example, a licensee since 1994 and currently the sole company licensed to produce Cat branded <a href="/wiki/Footwear" title="Footwear">footwear</a>.<a href="#cite_note-wolverine-141">[141]</a> Other licensees sell items including scale models of Cat products, clothing, hats, luggage, watches, flashlights, shovels, knives, fans, gloves, smartphones,<a href="#cite_note-Liszewski-142">[142]</a> and other consumer products.<a href="#cite_note-cat_watches-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-suresource-144">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Operations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Manufacturing">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hydraulicke_demolicni_nuzky_na_podvozku_CAT_330.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Hydraulicke_demolicni_nuzky_na_podvozku_CAT_330.jpg/220px-Hydraulicke_demolicni_nuzky_na_podvozku_CAT_330.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Hydraulicke_demolicni_nuzky_na_podvozku_CAT_330.jpg/330px-Hydraulicke_demolicni_nuzky_na_podvozku_CAT_330.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Hydraulicke_demolicni_nuzky_na_podvozku_CAT_330.jpg/440px-Hydraulicke_demolicni_nuzky_na_podvozku_CAT_330.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Cat 365B <a href="/wiki/Demolition" title="Demolition">demolition</a> machine in action</figcaption></figure> Caterpillar products and components are manufactured in 110 facilities worldwide. 51 of the 110 plants are located in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and 59 of the 110 plants are located overseas in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> (until 2015), <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>. Caterpillar's historical manufacturing home is in <a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">Peoria, Illinois</a>, which also has been the location of Caterpillar's world headquarters and core research and development activities. Although Caterpillar has contracted much of its local parts production and warehousing to third parties, Caterpillar still has four major plants in the Peoria area: the <a href="/wiki/Mapleton,_Illinois" title="Mapleton, Illinois">Mapleton</a> Foundry, where diesel engine blocks and other large parts are cast; the <a href="/wiki/East_Peoria,_Illinois" title="East Peoria, Illinois">East Peoria</a> factory, which has assembled Caterpillar tractors for over 70 years; the <a href="/wiki/Mossville,_Illinois" title="Mossville, Illinois">Mossville</a> engine plant, built after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Morton,_Illinois" title="Morton, Illinois">Morton</a> parts facility. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Remanufacturing">Remanufacturing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Remanufacturing">edit</a>]</div> Major facilities in Latin America: <ul><li>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Oradel_Industrial_Center" title="Oradel Industrial Center">Oradel Industrial Center</a>, Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, México (Since 1988)<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution">Distribution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Distribution">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caterpillar_D350D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Caterpillar_D350D.jpg/220px-Caterpillar_D350D.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Caterpillar_D350D.jpg/330px-Caterpillar_D350D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Caterpillar_D350D.jpg/440px-Caterpillar_D350D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1066" data-file-height="598" /></a><figcaption>Caterpillar D350D <a href="/wiki/Articulated_hauler" title="Articulated hauler">articulated off-road truck</a></figcaption></figure> Caterpillar products are distributed to end-users in nearly 200 countries through Caterpillar's worldwide network of 220 dealers. Caterpillar's dealers are independently owned and operated businesses with exclusive geographical territories. Dealers provide sales, maintenance and repair services, rental equipment, and parts<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> distribution. <a href="/wiki/Finning_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Finning International">Finning</a>, a dealer based in <a href="/wiki/Vancouver,_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Vancouver, Canada">Vancouver, Canada</a>, is Caterpillar's largest global distributor.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gmmco_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Gmmco Ltd">Gmmco Ltd</a> is India's No. 1 Dealer for Caterpillar Machines.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> United Tractor & Equipment (Pvt) Limited also known as UTE is the sole authorized dealer of Caterpillar machines and heavy equipment in Sri Lanka.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Most dealers use a management system called <a href="/wiki/Dealer_Business_System" title="Dealer Business System">DBS</a> for their day-to-day operations. As of the first quarter of 2006, 66% of Caterpillar's sales are made by one of the 63 dealers in the United States, with the remaining 34% sold by one of Caterpillar's 157 overseas dealers.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Management">Management</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Management">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar has a <a href="/wiki/Corporate_governance" title="Corporate governance">corporate governance</a> structure where the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_board" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman of the board">chairman of the board</a> also acts as chief executive officer (CEO). The board of directors is fully independent and is made up of non-employee <a href="/wiki/Non-executive_director" title="Non-executive director">directors</a> selected from outside the company. Several <a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">group presidents</a> report to the CEO, and multiple vice presidents report to each group president. The board has three committees: audit; compensation and human resources; governance and public policy.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> The behavior of all employees is governed by a code of worldwide business conduct, first published in 1974 and last amended in 2005, which sets the corporate standard for honesty and ethical behavior. Management employees are retested on this code annually. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_board_of_directors">Current board of directors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Current board of directors">edit</a>]</div> As of October 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit">[update]</a>, the board of directors was composed as follows:<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Umpleby" title="Jim Umpleby">D. James Umpleby III</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_M._Dickinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel M. Dickinson">Daniel M. Dickinson</a></li> <li>Gerald Johnson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_MacLennan" title="Dave MacLennan">David W. MacLennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debra_L._Reed" title="Debra L. Reed">Debra L. Reed-Klages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_C._Schwab" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan C. Schwab">Susan C. Schwab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Umpleby" title="Jim Umpleby">Jim Umpleby</a>—chairman and CEO</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rayford_Wilkins,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rayford Wilkins, Jr. (page does not exist)">Rayford Wilkins, Jr.</a></li></ul> </div> On January 1, 2017, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Umpleby" title="Jim Umpleby">Jim Umpleby</a> succeeded <a href="/wiki/Douglas_R._Oberhelman" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas R. Oberhelman">Douglas R. Oberhelman</a> as CEO and Dave Calhoun became non-executive chairman.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> On December 12, 2018, Umpleby was named chairman of the board as well, reversing Caterpillar's previous decision to split the CEO and chairman position.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Workforce_and_labor_relations">Workforce and labor relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Workforce and labor relations">edit</a>]</div> As of December 31, 2009, Caterpillar employed 93,813 persons of whom 50,562 are located outside the United States. Current employment figures represent a decline of 17,900 employees compared the third quarter of 2008.<a href="#cite_note-10K_2009-7">[7]</a> Due to the restructuring of business operations which began in the 1990s, there are 20,000 fewer <a href="/wiki/Labor_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor union">union</a> jobs in the Peoria, Illinois area while employment outside the U.S. has increased.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2020, it was reported that Caterpillar was planning to cut 700 jobs at its Northern Ireland operations.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labor_practices">Labor practices</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Labor practices">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar came close to bankruptcy in the early 1980s, at one point losing almost US$1 million per day due to a sharp downturn in product demand as competition with Japanese rival <a href="/wiki/Komatsu_Limited" title="Komatsu Limited">Komatsu</a> increased. (At the time, Komatsu used the internal slogan "encircle Caterpillar".)<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> Caterpillar suffered further when the United States declared an <a href="/wiki/United_States_embargoes" class="mw-redirect" title="United States embargoes">embargo</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> after the Soviet invasion of <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, causing the company to be unable to sell US$400 million worth of pipelaying machinery that had already been built.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Due to the drastic drop in demand, Caterpillar initiated employee <a href="/wiki/Layoffs" class="mw-redirect" title="Layoffs">layoffs</a>, which led to strikes, primarily by the members of the <a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">United Auto Workers</a>, against Caterpillar facilities in <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. Several news reports at the time indicated that products were piling up so high in facilities that replacement workers could barely make their way to their work stations. In 1992, the <a href="/wiki/United_Auto_Workers" title="United Auto Workers">United Auto Workers</a> conducted a five-month strike against Caterpillar. In response, Caterpillar threatened to replace Caterpillar's entire unionized work force. Over ten thousand UAW members struck again in 1994–1995 for 17 months, a record at that time. The strike ended with the UAW deciding to return to work without a contract despite record revenues and profits by Caterpillar.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> In 1994, Caterpillar offered a contract to the UAW members that would have raised the salary of top workers from $35,000 to $39,000 per year. However, the UAW was seeking the same top wage of $40,000 that was paid to workers at <a href="/wiki/John_Deere" title="John Deere">John Deere & Company</a> in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> During the strikes, Caterpillar used management employees in an attempt to maintain production. It suspended <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> work, sending thousands of engineers and other non-bargained for employees into their manufacturing and assembly facilities to replace striking or locked out union members. Rather than continuing to fight the United Auto Workers, Caterpillar chose to make itself less vulnerable to the traditional bargaining tactics of organized labor. One way was by outsourcing much of their parts production and warehouse work to outside firms. In another move, according to UAW officials and industry analysts, Caterpillar began to execute a "southern strategy".<a href="#cite_note-southernstrategy-160">[160]</a> This involved opening new, smaller plants, termed "focus facilities", in <a href="/wiki/Right-to-work_law" title="Right-to-work law">right-to-work</a> states. Caterpillar opened these new facilities in <a href="/wiki/Clayton,_North_Carolina" title="Clayton, North Carolina">Clayton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sanford,_North_Carolina" title="Sanford, North Carolina">Sanford, North Carolina</a>; <a href="/wiki/Fountain_Inn,_South_Carolina" title="Fountain Inn, South Carolina">Fountain Inn, South Carolina</a>; <a href="/wiki/Corinth,_Mississippi" title="Corinth, Mississippi">Corinth, Mississippi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dyersburg,_Tennessee" title="Dyersburg, Tennessee">Dyersburg, Tennessee</a>; <a href="/wiki/Griffin,_Georgia" title="Griffin, Georgia">Griffin</a> and <a href="/wiki/LaGrange,_Georgia" title="LaGrange, Georgia">LaGrange, Georgia</a>; <a href="/wiki/Seguin,_Texas" title="Seguin, Texas">Seguin, Texas</a>; and <a href="/wiki/North_Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="North Little Rock, Arkansas">North Little Rock, Arkansas</a>. In 2012, the company locked out workers at a locomotive plant in London, Ontario, Canada and demanded some accept up to a 50% cut in pay, in order to become cost-competitive with comparable Caterpillar manufacturing facilities in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> The move created controversy in Canada, with some complaining the plant was acquired under false pretenses.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Retail store <a href="/wiki/Mark%27s_Work_Wearhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark's Work Wearhouse">Mark's Work Wearhouse</a> began pulling Caterpillar boots from its shelves as a result.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> On May 1, 2012, 780 members of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers Local Lodge 851 went on strike. An agreement was reached in August, resulting in a 6-year wage freeze. Striking workers expressed anger about the freeze given the company's record 2011 profits and CEO Oberhelman's 60% salary increase.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Coerced_labor_in_Xinjiang">Coerced labor in Xinjiang</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Coerced labor in Xinjiang">edit</a>]</div> In June 2020, it was reported that a Caterpillar clothing wholesaler, Summit Resource International, participates in a Chinese government-run labor transfer scheme that uses <a href="/wiki/Laogai" title="Laogai">forced labor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_re-education_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinjiang re-education camps">internment camps</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_record">Environmental record</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Environmental record">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_stewardship">Environmental stewardship</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Environmental stewardship">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:D7E_new_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/D7E_new_century.jpg/220px-D7E_new_century.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/D7E_new_century.jpg/330px-D7E_new_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/D7E_new_century.jpg/440px-D7E_new_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="825" /></a><figcaption>Cat D7E Electric Drive Dozer becomes the first electrically-driven dozer in the construction industry to use alternating current, 2009.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a></figcaption></figure> Caterpillar divisions have won Illinois Governor's Pollution Prevention Awards every year since 1997.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> Caterpillar was awarded the 2007 Illinois Governor's Pollution Prevention Award for three projects: The Hydraulics and Hydraulic Systems business unit in Joliet implemented a flame sprayed coating for its truck suspension system, replacing a chroming process, reducing hazardous waste by 700,000 pounds (320,000 kg) annually, and saving 14 million US gallons (53,000 m3) of water. Caterpillar's Cast Metals Organization in Mapleton worked with the American Foundry Society to help produce a rule to reduce hazardous waste in scrap metal that meet strict quality requirements, and also allow foundries to continue recycling certain types of scrap and maintain a competitive cost structure. Caterpillar's Mossville Engine Center formed a team to look at used oil reuse and recycle processes that forced MEC to send large amounts of used oil off-site for recycling, and developed an updated system for reclaiming it for reuse on-site. The resulting benefits included a usage reduction of about 208,000 US gallons (790 m3) of oil per year.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> In 2004 Caterpillar participated in initiatives such as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a>'s National Clean Diesel Campaign program, which encourages retrofitting fleets of older buses and trucks with newer diesel engines that meet higher emissions standards.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> In 2005, Caterpillar donated $12 million to <a href="/wiki/The_Nature_Conservancy" title="The Nature Conservancy">The Nature Conservancy</a> in a joint effort to protect and preserve river systems in Brazil, U.S.A., and China.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Caterpillar has, for many years, been a member of the <a href="/wiki/World_Business_Council_for_Sustainable_Development" title="World Business Council for Sustainable Development">World Business Council for Sustainable Development</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Geneva,_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva, Switzerland">Geneva, Switzerland</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> and has been listed on the <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Sustainability_World_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Dow Jones Sustainability World Index">Dow Jones Sustainability World Index</a> each year since 2001.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clean_Air_Act_violation">Clean Air Act violation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Clean Air Act violation">edit</a>]</div> In July 1999, Caterpillar and five other <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel engine</a> manufacturers signed a <a href="/wiki/Consent_decree" title="Consent decree">consent decree</a> with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a> and the <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">State of California</a>, after governmental investigations revealed violations of the <a href="/wiki/Clean_Air_Act_(United_States)" title="Clean Air Act (United States)">Clean Air Act</a>. The violation involves over a million diesel engines sold with <a href="/wiki/Defeat_device" title="Defeat device">defeat devices</a>, devices that regulated emissions during pre-sale tests, but that could be disabled in favor of better performance during subsequent highway driving. Consequently, these engines "...emit up to triple the permissible level of smog-forming <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen_oxide" title="Nitrogen oxide">nitrogen oxides</a> (NOx). In 1998 alone, these violating vehicles emitted 1,300,000 short tons (1,161,000 long tons; 1,179,000 t) of additional NOx – an amount equal to the emissions of 65 million cars." For this reason, Caterpillar was named the "Clean Air Villain of the Month" for August 2000 by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clean_Air_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clean Air Trust (page does not exist)">Clean Air Trust</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> The consent decree provided that $83 million be paid in civil penalties and determined new deadlines for meeting emissions standards. Caterpillar, however, was successful in lobbying for an extension of deadlines they considered too severe. Even so, in October 2002, Caterpillar – the only diesel engine company (of those that signed decrees) to fail to meet the new emissions standards deadline – was forced to pay $128 million in per-engine non-conformance penalties.<a href="#cite_note-doj2003-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carbon_footprint">Carbon footprint</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Carbon footprint">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar reported Total <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">CO2e emissions</a> (Direct + Indirect) for the twelve months ending 31 December 2020 at 1,521 Kt (-310 /-16.9% y-o-y).<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar_Total_CO2e_emissions_for_2020Q4-176">[176]</a> Caterpillar plans to reduce emissions 30% by 2030 from a 2018 base year.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Caterpillar's annual Total CO2e Emissions - Location-Based Scope 1 + Scope 2 (in kilotonnes) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Dec 2017</th> <th>Dec 2018</th> <th>Dec 2019</th> <th>Dec 2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2,154<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a></td> <td>2,249<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a></td> <td>1,831<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a></td> <td>1,521<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar_Total_CO2e_emissions_for_2020Q4-176">[176]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tax_deferral_techniques">Tax deferral techniques</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Tax deferral techniques">edit</a>]</div> In March 2017, when US federal agents raided Caterpillar's headquarters in Peoria Ill., it was already evident that the company engaged in aggressive measures to control tax costs. Since April 2014, the company's tax policies have been investigated by a senate subcommittee headed by Senator <a href="/wiki/Carl_Levin" title="Carl Levin">Carl Levin</a>. Those investigations uncovered significant changes in Caterpillar's offshore tax strategy, culminating in the creation of the new Swiss subsidiary Caterpillar SARL (CSARL) in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>. In 1999, former Caterpillar executive Daniel Schlicksup accused the company of funneling profits made on replacement parts into Switzerland, even though it had no warehouses or factories there. The Internal Revenue Service found the firm liable for a billion dollars of unpaid taxes for the years 2007 to 2009.<a href="#cite_note-A_Fine_Mess-181">[181]</a> At the same time, the architect of Caterpillar's fiscal strategy, <a href="/wiki/PricewaterhouseCoopers" class="mw-redirect" title="PricewaterhouseCoopers">PricewaterhouseCoopers</a> (PWC), came under scrutiny because of PWC's conflict of interest in acting as Caterpillar's controller as well as being its global tax consultant.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> The Senate uncovered documents from PWC saying the elaborate move was simply a way to evade American taxes. "We are going to have to do some dancing" one said. Another noted, "What the heck, we will all be retired when this comes up on audit."<a href="#cite_note-A_Fine_Mess-181">[181]</a> In January 2023, Caterpillar reached a settlement with the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</a> and was not ordered to pay any penalties.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israel_Defense_Forces_sales">Israel Defense Forces sales</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Israel Defense Forces sales">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/IDF_Caterpillar_D9" title="IDF Caterpillar D9">IDF Caterpillar D9</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israeli_demolition_of_Palestinian_property" title="Israeli demolition of Palestinian property">Israeli demolition of Palestinian property</a></div> The sale of Caterpillar bulldozers to the Israeli military, and specifically the <a href="/wiki/IDF_Caterpillar_D9" title="IDF Caterpillar D9">IDF Caterpillar D9</a>, for use in the <a href="/wiki/Occupied_Palestinian_territories" title="Occupied Palestinian territories">occupied Palestinian territories</a> has long drawn criticism from human rights groups, society groups and responsible investment monitors.<a href="#cite_note-UN-Haaretz-184">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-ToI-MSCI-185">[185]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> released a report in May 2004 on home demolition in the occupied Palestinian territories that noted the risk of complicity for Caterpillar in human rights violations.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> The Office of the <a href="/wiki/UN_High_Commissioner_on_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="UN High Commissioner on Human Rights">UN High Commissioner on Human Rights</a> also sent a warning letter to the company the next month about its sales of bulldozers to the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a> and their use to destroy Palestinian farms.<a href="#cite_note-UN-Haaretz-184">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> reported the same year on the systematic use of D9 bulldozers in illegal demolitions throughout the occupied territories and called on Caterpillar to suspend its sales to Israel, citing the company's own code of conduct.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> The pro-Palestinian group <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Voice_for_Peace" title="Jewish Voice for Peace">Jewish Voice for Peace</a> and four Roman Catholic orders of nuns planned to introduce a resolution at a Caterpillar shareholder meeting subsequent to the human rights reports asking for an investigation into whether Israel's use of the company's bulldozer to <a href="/wiki/House_demolition_in_the_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="House demolition in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict">destroy Palestinian homes</a> conformed with the company's code of business conduct. In response, the pro-Israel advocacy group <a href="/wiki/StandWithUs" title="StandWithUs">StandWithUs</a> urged its members to buy Caterpillar stock and to write letters of support to the company.<a href="#cite_note-Caterpillar-189">[189]</a> The US investment indexer <a href="/wiki/MSCI" title="MSCI">MSCI</a> removed Caterpillar from three of its indices for socially responsible investments in 2012, citing the Israeli military's use of its bulldozers in the Palestinian territories.<a href="#cite_note-ToI-MSCI-185">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> In 2017, documents emerged that showed Caterpillar had hired <a href="/wiki/Private_investigators" class="mw-redirect" title="Private investigators">private investigators</a> to spy on the family of <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Corrie" title="Rachel Corrie">Rachel Corrie</a>, the American human rights activist who was killed by a D9 bulldozer in <a href="/wiki/Rafah" title="Rafah">Rafah</a> in early 2003.<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> In 2022, Stop the Wall called Caterpillar, alongside <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Heavy_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyundai Heavy Industries">Hyundai Heavy Industries</a>, <a href="/wiki/JCB_(heavy_equipment_manufacturer)" title="JCB (heavy equipment manufacturer)">JCB</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volvo_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo Group">Volvo Group</a>, complicit in Israel's ethnic cleansing of the occupied Palestinian territories through the use of its equipment in the demolition of eight Palestinian villages in <a href="/wiki/Masafer_Yatta" title="Masafer Yatta">Masafer Yatta</a> in the southern <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trademark_claims">Trademark claims</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Trademark claims">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar Inc. has sought the revocations of <a href="/wiki/Registered_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Registered trademark">registered trademarks</a> in the United States incorporating the word "Cat" in markets unrelated to its machinery business, such as "Cat & Cloud" (a cafe in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_California" title="Santa Cruz, California">Santa Cruz, California</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Keyboard_Cat" title="Keyboard Cat">Keyboard Cat</a>. The company has faced criticism for this perceived "bullying", especially in cases where the likelihood of confusion is low.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defective_engines">Defective engines</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Defective engines">edit</a>]</div> In 2014, Caterpillar paid $46M to settle claims that one of its engines caused a fiery explosion on a ship owned by Bender Shipbuilding and Repair Company Inc.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> In 2016 Caterpillar paid $60M to settle claims that its bus engines were prone to breakdowns and fires.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Advocacy,_philanthropy_and_awards">Advocacy, philanthropy and awards</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Advocacy, philanthropy and awards">edit</a>]</div> Caterpillar is a member of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Global_Leadership_Coalition" title="U.S. Global Leadership Coalition">U.S. Global Leadership Coalition</a>. A Washington D.C.-based coalition of over 400 major companies and NGOs that advocates for increased funding of American diplomatic and development efforts abroad through the International Affairs Budget.<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> Economic development projects in developing countries (particularly in rural, agricultural regions) serve as new markets for Caterpillar products by improving political and economic stability and raising average incomes. 2011 recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Turner_Prize_for_Innovation_in_Construction_Technology" title="Henry C. Turner Prize for Innovation in Construction Technology">Henry C. Turner Prize for Innovation in Construction Technology</a> from the <a href="/wiki/National_Building_Museum" title="National Building Museum">National Building Museum</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G-numbers" class="mw-redirect" title="G-numbers">G-numbers</a> for U.S. Army Caterpillar tractors</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trucks" title="List of trucks">List of trucks</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCopeland2022" class="citation news cs1">Copeland, Mike (October 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wacotrib.com/business/local/holt-cat-shows-off-waco-operations/article_aeac6040-5650-11ed-ae95-cf56595ab39e.html">"Holt Cat shows off Waco operations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Waco_Tribune-Herald" title="Waco Tribune-Herald">Waco Tribune-Herald</a>. Retrieved February 10, 2023. <q>William K. Holt founded the company in 1933. He was the son of Benjamin Holt, "who in 1904 developed the first successful track-type tractor which he named the 'Caterpillar,'" according to the company website. Holt Manufacturing Co. merged with a competitor in 1925 to form what is now Caterpillar Inc., the global manufacturer of construction and mining equipment that reported $51 billion in sales and revenue last year.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Holt+Cat+shows+off+Waco+operations&rft.date=2022-10-27&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwacotrib.com%2Fbusiness%2Flocal%2Fholt-cat-shows-off-waco-operations%2Farticle_aeac6040-5650-11ed-ae95-cf56595ab39e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACaterpillar+Inc." class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CatLocations-2"><a href="#cite_ref-CatLocations_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caterpillar.com/en/company/global-footprint/americas/united-states.html">"Caterpillar United States"</a>. 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Retrieved 2010-03-11. <q>We deliver products, services and technologies in three principal lines of business: Machinery, Engines and Financial Products.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cat.com&rft.atitle=Caterpillar+%E2%80%93+About+Cat&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cat.com%2Fabout-cat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACaterpillar+Inc." class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-haddock-37-4"><a href="#cite_ref-haddock-37_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaddockOrlemann2001" class="citation book cs1">Haddock, Keith; Orlemann, Eric (November 11, 2001). Paul Johnson (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/classiccaterpill0000hadd">Classic Caterpillar Crawlers</a>. St. Paul, Minnesota, United States: MBI Publishing Company. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/classiccaterpill0000hadd/page/37">37</a>–38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-0917-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-0917-9"><bdi>978-0-7603-0917-9</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved 2010-03-23. <q>As of December 31, 2009, we employed 93,813 persons of whom 50,562 were located outside the United States.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2009+Form+10-K&rft.pub=United+States+Securities+and+Exchange+Commission&rft.date=2010-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2FArchives%2Fedgar%2Fdata%2F18230%2F000001823010000092%2Fform10k_2009.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACaterpillar+Inc." class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYang2009" class="citation news cs1">Yang, Jia Lynn (May 4, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100309085051/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2009/snapshots/81.html">"Fortune 500 2009: Top 100 American Companies – Caterpillar – CAT"</a>. 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Hagerty and Bob (June 12, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.wsj.com/articles/caterpillar-school-bus-engines-are-hit-in-lawsuits-1402614291">"Caterpillar School-Bus Engines Are Hit in Lawsuits"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a>. 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Retrieved September 21, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Global+Leadership+Coalition&rft.atitle=U.S.+Global+Leadership+Coalition%2C+Global+Trust+members&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usglc.org%2Fabout%2Four-coalition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACaterpillar+Inc." class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Orlemann, Eric C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pTvLXD25AbQC&q=Caterpillar+Chronicle+The+History+of+the+World%27s+Greatest+Earthmovers">Caterpillar Chronicle, The History of the World's Greatest Earthmovers</a>. Minneapolis, MN: MBI Publishing Company, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-3673-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-3673-1">978-0-7603-3673-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Caterpillar_Inc.&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Caterpillar_Inc." class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Caterpillar Inc.">Caterpillar Inc.</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caterpillar.com/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459965#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li>Business data for Caterpillar Inc.: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/CAT:NYSE">Google</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=18230">SEC filings</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/CAT">Yahoo!</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cat.com">Cat Products Official Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acmoc.org">Antique Caterpillar Machinery Owners Club</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antiquecaterpillar.org">Antique Caterpillar Machinery Enthusiasts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101230082430/http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/UnitedStates/unarmored-halftracks/unarmored-half-tracks.html">Photos of early Holt machinery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HBS.Baker.EAD:bak00091">Caterpillar Tractor Company Photograph Collection at Baker Library Historical Collections, Harvard Business School</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Caterpillar" title="Template:Caterpillar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Caterpillar" title="Template talk:Caterpillar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Caterpillar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Caterpillar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Caterpillar_Inc." style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Caterpillar Inc.</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitelli" title="Bitelli">Bitelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucyrus-Erie" title="Bucyrus-Erie">Bucyrus-Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Energy_Solutions" title="Caterpillar Energy Solutions">Caterpillar Energy Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro-Motive_Diesel" title="Electro-Motive Diesel">Electro-Motive Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Industries" title="Lincoln Industries">Lincoln Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maschinenbau_Kiel" title="Maschinenbau Kiel">Maschinenbau Kiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWD_Trucks" title="AWD Trucks">Multidrive Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perkins_Engines" title="Perkins Engines">Perkins Engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_Rail" title="Progress Rail">Progress Rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Turbines" title="Solar Turbines">Solar Turbines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traxcavator" title="Traxcavator">Trackson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Caterpillar_Forklifts" title="Mitsubishi Caterpillar Forklifts">Mitsubishi Caterpillar Forklifts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holt_Manufacturing_Company" title="Holt Manufacturing Company">Holt Manufacturing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Best_Manufacturing_Company" title="Best Manufacturing Company">Best Manufacturing Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holt_gas%E2%80%93electric_tank" title="Holt gas–electric tank">Holt gas–electric tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holt_tractor" title="Holt tractor">Holt tractor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C._L._Best" title="C. L. Best">Clarence Leo Best</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Best" title="Daniel Best">Daniel Best</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Holt" title="Benjamin Holt">Benjamin Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Prudden" title="George H. Prudden">George H. Prudden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armored_bulldozer" title="Armored bulldozer">Armored bulldozer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IDF_Caterpillar_D9" title="IDF Caterpillar D9">IDF D9</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articulated_hauler" title="Articulated hauler">Articulated haulers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_740_Ejector" title="Caterpillar 740 Ejector">740</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulldozer" title="Bulldozer">Bulldozers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D5" title="Caterpillar D5">D5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D6" title="Caterpillar D6">D6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D7" title="Caterpillar D7">D7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D8" title="Caterpillar D8">D8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D9" title="Caterpillar D9">D9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D10" title="Caterpillar D10">D10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D11" title="Caterpillar D11">D11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excavator" title="Excavator">Excavators</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_345C_L" title="Caterpillar 345C L">345C L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haul_truck" title="Haul truck">Haul trucks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_777" title="Caterpillar 777">777</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_789" title="Caterpillar 789">789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_797" title="Caterpillar 797">797</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_797B" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar 797B">797B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_797F" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar 797F">797F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loader_(equipment)" title="Loader (equipment)">Loaders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_924G" title="Caterpillar 924G">924G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_930G" title="Caterpillar 930G">930G</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_roller" title="Road roller">Road rollers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_CS-533E" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar CS-533E">CS-533E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractor" title="Tractor">Tractors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Sixty" title="Caterpillar Sixty">Sixty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Twenty-Two" title="Caterpillar Twenty-Two">Twenty-Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D2" title="Caterpillar D2">D2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_D4" title="Caterpillar D4">D4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challenger_Tractor" title="Challenger Tractor">Challenger Tractor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Trucks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat_CT660" title="Cat CT660">CT660</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M520_Goer" title="M520 Goer">M520 Goer</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Straight-six_engine" title="Straight-six engine">I6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_3116" title="Caterpillar 3116">3116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_3126" title="Caterpillar 3126">3126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C13" title="Caterpillar C13">C13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C280" title="Caterpillar C280">C280</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V8_engine" title="V8 engine">V8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_3208" title="Caterpillar 3208">3208</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V12_engine" title="V12 engine">V12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C27" title="Caterpillar C27">C27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C32" title="Caterpillar C32">C32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C280" title="Caterpillar C280">C280</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V16_engine" title="V16 engine">V16+</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C175" title="Caterpillar C175">C175</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_C280" title="Caterpillar C280">C280</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">Gas turbine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_T62" title="Solar T62">Solar T62</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dealerships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finning" title="Finning">Finning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WesTrac" title="WesTrac">WesTrac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Deering" title="Hastings Deering">Hastings Deering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elphinstone_Group" title="Elphinstone Group">Williams Adams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar,_Inc._v._Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar, Inc. v. Lewis">Caterpillar, Inc. v. Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Construction_Tycoon" title="Caterpillar Construction Tycoon">Caterpillar Construction Tycoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Equity_First_Credit_Union" title="Citizens Equity First Credit Union">Citizens Equity First Credit Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuous_track" title="Continuous track">Continuous track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekin_Lettes" title="Pekin Lettes">Pekin Lettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_phone" title="Cat phone">Cat phone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Components_of_the_Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average_companies" title="Template:Dow Jones Industrial Average companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average_companies" title="Template talk:Dow Jones Industrial Average companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dow Jones Industrial Average companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Components_of_the_Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Components of the <a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Industrial_Average" title="Dow Jones Industrial Average">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3M" title="3M">3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Express" title="American Express">American Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amgen" title="Amgen">Amgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Coca-Cola_Company" title="The Coca-Cola Company">Coca-Cola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">Disney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldman_Sachs" title="Goldman Sachs">Goldman Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_Depot" title="Home Depot">Home Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeywell" title="Honeywell">Honeywell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase" title="JPMorgan Chase">JPMorgan Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merck_%26_Co." title="Merck & Co.">Merck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nike,_Inc." title="Nike, Inc.">Nike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwin-Williams" title="Sherwin-Williams">Sherwin-Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Travelers_Companies" title="The Travelers Companies">Travelers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UnitedHealth_Group" title="UnitedHealth Group">UnitedHealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verizon" title="Verizon">Verizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_Inc." title="Visa Inc.">Visa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive industry in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Automotive industry in the United States">Automotive industry in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicle manufacturers and brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Current (<a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_United_States" title="List of automobile manufacturers of the United States">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGCO" title="AGCO">AGCO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Challenger_Tractor" title="Challenger Tractor">Challenger Tractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massey_Ferguson" title="Massey Ferguson">Massey Ferguson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM_General" title="AM General">AM General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workhorse_Group" title="Workhorse Group">Amp Electric Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcimoto" title="Arcimoto">Arcimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhino_Runner" title="Rhino Runner">Armour Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATK_motorcycles" class="mw-redirect" title="ATK motorcycles">ATK motorcycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autocar_Company" title="Autocar Company">Autocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Corporation" title="Blue Bird Corporation">Blue Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callaway_Cars" title="Callaway Cars">Callaway Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czinger" title="Czinger">Czinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Patrol_Vehicle" title="Desert Patrol Vehicle">Chenowth Racing Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Performance_Vehicles" title="Environmental Performance Vehicles">Environmental Performance Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equus_Bass_770" title="Equus Bass 770">Equus Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_River_(company)" title="Forest River (company)">Forest River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champion_Bus_Incorporated" title="Champion Bus Incorporated">Champion Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Industries" title="Collins Industries">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElDorado_(bus_manufacturer)" title="ElDorado (bus manufacturer)">ElDorado National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaval_Bus" title="Glaval Bus">Glaval Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starcraft_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Starcraft Bus">Starcraft Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Motor_Company" title="Lincoln Motor Company">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Vehicle_Team" title="Special Vehicle Team">SVT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Land_Systems" title="General Dynamics Land Systems">General Dynamics Land Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_V_series" title="Cadillac V series">Cadillac V series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Performance" title="Chevrolet Performance">Chevrolet Performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMC_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="GMC (marque)">GMC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillig" title="Gillig">Gillig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growler_Manufacturing_and_Engineering" title="Growler Manufacturing and Engineering">Growler Manufacturing and Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingersoll_Rand" title="Ingersoll Rand">Ingersoll Rand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_Car" title="Club Car">Club Car</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_Search_and_Rescue_Tactical_Vehicle" title="Storm Search and Rescue Tactical Vehicle">HDT Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HME,_Incorporated" title="HME, Incorporated">HME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Motors" title="International Motors">International Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IC_Bus" title="IC Bus">IC Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Deere" title="John Deere">John Deere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_Automotive" title="Karma Automotive">Karma Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laffite_X-Road" title="Laffite X-Road">Laffite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenco_BearCat" title="Lenco BearCat">Lenco Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucid_Motors" title="Lucid Motors">Lucid Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mack_Trucks" title="Mack Trucks">Mack Trucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Luxury_Coaches" title="Millennium Luxury Coaches">Millennium Luxury Coaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Olson" title="Morgan Olson">Morgan Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_Coach_Industries" title="Motor Coach Industries">Motor Coach Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh_Corporation" title="Oshkosh Corporation">Oshkosh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierce_Manufacturing" title="Pierce Manufacturing">Pierce</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paccar" title="Paccar">Paccar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenworth" title="Kenworth">Kenworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterbilt" title="Peterbilt">Peterbilt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoz" title="Panoz">Panoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Industries">Polaris Industries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Electric_Motorcars" title="Global Electric Motorcars">Global Electric Motorcars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Motorcycle" title="Indian Motorcycle">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Motorcycles" title="Victory Motorcycles">Victory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REV_Group" title="REV Group">REV Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleetwood_Enterprises" title="Fleetwood Enterprises">Fleetwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_Rambler" title="Holiday Rambler">Holiday Rambler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Industries" title="Collins Industries">Laymor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeled_Coach" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheeled Coach">Wheeled Coach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezvani_Motors" title="Rezvani Motors">Rezvani Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivian" title="Rivian">Rivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuderia_Cameron_Glickenhaus" title="Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus">Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSC_North_America" title="SSC North America">SSC North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superformance" title="Superformance">Superformance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textron" title="Textron">Textron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Cat" title="Arctic Cat">Arctic Cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-Z-Go" class="mw-redirect" title="E-Z-Go">E-Z-Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_(company)" title="Cushman (company)">Cushman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans_Tech" title="Trans Tech">Trans Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utilimaster_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Utilimaster Corporation">Ultimaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIA_Motors" title="VIA Motors">VIA Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLF_Automotive" title="VLF Automotive">VLF Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xos,_Inc." title="Xos, Inc.">Xos, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_Motorcycles" title="Zero Motorcycles">Zero Motorcycles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Foreign subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_in_the_United_States" title="BMW in the United States">BMW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_Truck_North_America" title="Daimler Truck North America">Daimler Truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Honda_Motor_Company" title="American Honda Motor Company">Honda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acura" title="Acura">Acura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Company#Regional_operations" title="Hyundai Motor Company">Hyundai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kia#Kia_Motors_America" title="Kia">Kia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_USA" title="Mercedes-Benz USA">Mercedes-Benz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors_North_America" title="Mitsubishi Motors North America">Mitsubishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissan_USA" title="Nissan USA">Nissan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infiniti" title="Infiniti">Infiniti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seres_Group" title="Seres Group">Seres Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seres_(automobiles)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seres (automobiles)">Seres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Stellantis</a>1 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_(brand)" title="Chrysler (brand)">Chrysler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_America" title="Subaru of America">Subaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_North_America" title="Toyota Motor North America">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_Engineering_%26_Manufacturing_North_America" title="Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America">Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group_of_America" title="Volkswagen Group of America">Volkswagen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Defunct / former 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allis-Chalmers" title="Allis-Chalmers">Allis-Chalmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Austin_Car_Company" title="American Austin Car Company">American Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kurrent" title="The Kurrent">American Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_LaFrance" title="American LaFrance">American LaFrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Motor_Car_Company" title="Hudson Motor Car Company">Hudson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essex_(automobile)" title="Essex (automobile)">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraplane" title="Terraplane">Terraplane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash_Motors" title="Nash Motors">Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambler_(automobile)" title="Rambler (automobile)">Rambler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armor_Holdings" title="Armor Holdings">Armor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_Motor_Car_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored Motor Car Company">Armored</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auburn_Automobile" title="Auburn Automobile">Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurica_Motors" title="Aurica Motors">Aurica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoette" title="Autoette">Autoette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avanti_(car)" title="Avanti (car)">Avanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Company" title="Avery Company">Avery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_Manufacturing_Company" title="Best Manufacturing Company">BMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Electric_Vehicle" title="Boulder Electric Vehicle">Boulder Electric Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_Motors_Corporation" title="Carbon Motors Corporation">Carbon Motors Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checker_Motors_Corporation" title="Checker Motors Corporation">Checker Motors Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clydesdale_Motor_Truck_Company" title="Clydesdale Motor Truck Company">Clydesdale Motor Truck Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coda_Automotive" title="Coda Automotive">Coda</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(automobile_company)" title="Commonwealth (automobile company)">Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord_(automobile)" title="Cord (automobile)">Cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Corporation" title="Case Corporation">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNH_Global" class="mw-redirect" title="CNH Global">CNH Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle-Scoot" title="Cycle-Scoot">Cycle-Scoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeLorean_Motor_Company" title="DeLorean Motor Company">DeLorean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond-Star_Motors" title="Diamond-Star Motors">Diamond-Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duesenberg" title="Duesenberg">Duesenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durant_Motors" title="Durant Motors">Durant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flint_(automobile)" title="Flint (automobile)">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locomobile_Company_of_America" title="Locomobile Company of America">Locomobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Truck" title="Mason Truck">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_(automobile)" title="Rugby (automobile)">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_(automobile)" title="Star (automobile)">Star</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eagle Bus">Eagle Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excalibur_(automobile)" title="Excalibur (automobile)">Excalibur</a></li> <li>FCA US <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_(automobile)" title="Eagle (automobile)">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_(automobile)" title="Plymouth (automobile)">Plymouth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiberfab" title="Fiberfab">Fiberfab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitch_Four_Drive" title="Fitch Four Drive">Fitch Four Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Automotive" title="Fisker Automotive">Fisker Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Coachbuild" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisker Coachbuild">Fisker Coachbuild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_Protection_Inc" title="Force Protection Inc">Force Protection</a></li> <li>Ford <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Mark_II" title="Continental Mark II">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edsel" title="Edsel">Edsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(automobile)" title="Mercury (automobile)">Mercury</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FMC_Corporation" title="FMC Corporation">FMC</a>2</li> <li>General Motors <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cartercar" title="Cartercar">Cartercar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmore_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elmore (automobile)">Elmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Diesel_Division" title="General Motors Diesel Division">GM Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo_(automobile)" title="Geo (automobile)">Geo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaSalle_(automobile)" title="LaSalle (automobile)">LaSalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_(automobile)" title="Marquette (automobile)">Marquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLaughlin_Motor_Car_Company" title="McLaughlin Motor Car Company">McLaughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Motor_Car_Company" title="Oakland Motor Car Company">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile" title="Oldsmobile">Oldsmobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac_(automobile)" title="Pontiac (automobile)">Pontiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Corporation" title="Saturn Corporation">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps-Booth" title="Scripps-Booth">Scripps-Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_(automobile)" title="Sheridan (automobile)">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_(automobile)" title="Viking (automobile)">Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Coach_Manufacturing_Company" title="Yellow Coach Manufacturing Company">Yellow Coach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goshen_Coach" title="Goshen Coach">Goshen Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Vehicles" title="Green Vehicles">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenTech_Automotive" title="GreenTech Automotive">GreenTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman" title="Grumman">Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henney_Kilowatt" title="Henney Kilowatt">Henney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Harvester" title="International Harvester">International Harvester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_(automobile)" title="Jeffery (automobile)">Jeffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser-Frazer" title="Kaiser-Frazer">Kaiser-Frazer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allstate_(automobile)" title="Allstate (automobile)">Allstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frazer_(automobile)" title="Frazer (automobile)">Frazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_J" title="Henry J">Henry J</a></li> <li>Kaiser</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willys" title="Willys">Willys</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Motors" title="Local Motors">Local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_Motor_Works" title="Marathon Motor Works">Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon_Motor_Car_Company" title="Marmon Motor Car Company">Marmon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_(automobile)" title="Roosevelt (automobile)">Roosevelt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvel_(automobile)" title="Marvel (automobile)">Marvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matbro" title="Matbro">Matbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_(automobile)" title="Mercer (automobile)">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco_Coach_Corporation" title="Monaco Coach Corporation">Monaco Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosler_Automotive" title="Mosler Automotive">Mosler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MotoCzysz" title="MotoCzysz">MotoCzysz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntz_Car_Company" title="Muntz Car Company">Muntz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NUMMI" title="NUMMI">New United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Bus_Industries" title="North American Bus Industries">North American Bus Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Farm_Equipment_Company" title="Oliver Farm Equipment Company">Oliver Farm Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packard" title="Packard">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerless_Motor_Company" title="Peerless Motor Company">Peerless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierce-Arrow_Motor_Car_Company" title="Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company">Pierce-Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebring_Vanguard" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebring Vanguard">Sebring Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Trucks" title="Sterling Trucks">Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studebaker" title="Studebaker">Studebaker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erskine_(automobile)" title="Erskine (automobile)">Erskine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockne" title="Rockne">Rockne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stutz_Motor_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Stutz Motor Company">Stutz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scion_(automobile)" title="Scion (automobile)">Scion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Century_Motor_Car_Corporation" title="Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation">Twentieth Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Defense" title="United Defense">United Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_Production_Group" title="Vehicle Production Group">VPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visionary_Vehicles" title="Visionary Vehicles">Visionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VL_Automotive" class="mw-redirect" title="VL Automotive">VL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Motor_Company" title="White Motor Company">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildfire_(motor_company)" title="Wildfire (motor company)">Wildfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZAP_(motor_company)" title="ZAP (motor company)">ZAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimmer_(automobile)" title="Zimmer (automobile)">Zimmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concept and pre-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Motor_Corporation" title="Alpha Motor Corporation">Alpha Motor Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptera_Motors" title="Aptera Motors">Aptera Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollinger_Motors" title="Bollinger Motors">Bollinger Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoo" title="Canoo">Canoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commuter_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Commuter Cars">Commuter Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elio_Motors" title="Elio Motors">Elio Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faraday_Future" title="Faraday Future">Faraday Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisker_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisker Inc">Fisker Inc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lordstown_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Lordstown Motors">Lordstown Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myers_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Myers Motors">Myers Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Corporation" title="Nikola Corporation">Nikola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trion_Supercars" title="Trion Supercars">Trion Supercars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Factories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_in_the_United_States" title="BMW in the United States">BMW Spartanburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories#Current_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">Chrysler (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ford_factories#Current_production_facilities" title="List of Ford factories">Ford (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_General_Motors_factories#Current_factories" title="List of General Motors factories">General Motors (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Honda_assembly_plants" title="List of Honda assembly plants">Honda (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Manufacturing_Alabama" title="Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama">Hyundai (Alabama)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kia_design_and_manufacturing_facilities#Kia_Motors_Manufacturing_Georgia_(KMMG)" title="List of Kia design and manufacturing facilities">Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_U.S._International" title="Mercedes-Benz U.S. International">Mercedes-Benz (Alabama)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_Indiana_Automotive" title="Subaru of Indiana Automotive">Subaru (Indiana)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tesla_factories" title="List of Tesla factories">Tesla (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Chattanooga_Assembly_Plant" title="Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant">Volkswagen (Chattanooga)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chrysler_factories#Current_factories" title="List of Chrysler factories">Chrysler (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ford_factories#Former_production_facilities" title="List of Ford factories">Ford (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_General_Motors_factories#Closed_or_sold_Factories" title="List of General Motors factories">General Motors (list)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packard_Automotive_Plant" title="Packard Automotive Plant">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Westmoreland_Assembly" title="Volkswagen Westmoreland Assembly">Volkswagen (Westmoreland)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Auto component makers and <a href="/wiki/Performance_car" title="Performance car">performance car</a> modders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Transmission" title="Allison Transmission">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Expedition_Vehicles" title="American Expedition Vehicles">American Expedition Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptiv" title="Aptiv">Aptiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BFGoodrich" title="BFGoodrich">BFGoodrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BorgWarner" title="BorgWarner">BorgWarner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callaway_Cars" title="Callaway Cars">Callaway Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummins" title="Cummins">Cummins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brammo" title="Brammo">Brammo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Diesel" title="Detroit Diesel">Detroit Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaton_Corporation" title="Eaton Corporation">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firestone_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Firestone Tire and Rubber Company">Firestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Tire" title="General Tire">General Tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company">Goodyear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Tire_%26_Rubber_Company" title="Cooper Tire & Rubber Company">Cooper Tire & Rubber Company</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennessey_Performance_Engineering" title="Hennessey Performance Engineering">Hennessey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingersoll_Rand" title="Ingersoll Rand">Ingersoll Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_Classic_Trucks" title="Legacy Classic Trucks">Legacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingenfelter_Performance_Engineering" title="Lingenfelter Performance Engineering">Lingenfelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexteer_Automotive" title="Nexteer Automotive">Nexteer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Motorcars" title="Phoenix Motorcars">Phoenix Motorcars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proterra_(bus_manufacturer)" title="Proterra (bus manufacturer)">Proterra (bus manufacturer)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remy_International" title="Remy International">Remy International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saleen" title="Saleen">Saleen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_American" title="Shelby American">Shelby American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_and_Racing_Technology" title="Street and Racing Technology">SRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timken_Company" title="Timken Company">Timken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrington_Company" title="Torrington Company">Torrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visteon" title="Visteon">Visteon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Design studios</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calty_Design_Research" title="Calty Design Research">Calty Design Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designworks" title="Designworks">Designworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezvani_Motors" title="Rezvani Motors">Rezvani Automotive Designs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheego_Electric_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheego Electric Cars">Wheego Electric Cars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Massachusetts" title="Automotive industry in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Automobile_Association" title="American Automobile Association">AAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Auto_Show" title="Chicago Auto Show">Chicago Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highway System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobiles_manufactured_in_the_United_States" title="List of automobiles manufactured in the United States">List of automobiles manufactured in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration" title="National Highway Traffic Safety Administration">National Highway Traffic Safety Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_International_Auto_Show" title="New York International Auto Show">New York International Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_International_Auto_Show" title="North American International Auto Show">North American International Auto Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAE_International" title="SAE International">SAE International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>1 Non-U.S. based parent company that owns subsidiaries headquartered in U.S.</li> <li>2 Company still exists but is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Automotive industry in the United States">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cars" title="Portal:Cars">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Trucking industry in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Trucking industry in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Trucking industry in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Trucking industry in the United States">Trucking industry in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Motor_Carrier_Safety_Administration" title="Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration">Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration</a> <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy of the United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_driver%27s_license" title="Commercial driver's license">Commercial driver's license</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_on-board_recorder" title="Electronic on-board recorder">Electronic on-board recorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Bridge_Gross_Weight_Formula" title="Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula">Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hours_of_service" title="Hours of service">Hours of service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Registration_Plan" title="International Registration Plan">International Registration Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_Carrier_Act_of_1980" title="Motor Carrier Act of 1980">Motor Carrier Act of 1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_carrier_safety_rating" title="Motor carrier safety rating">Motor carrier safety rating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Network" title="National Network">National Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Truck manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AM_General" title="AM General">AM General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_LaFrance" title="American LaFrance">American LaFrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autocar_Company" title="Autocar Company">Autocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bering_Truck" title="Bering Truck">Bering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremach" title="Bremach">Bremach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockway_Motor_Company" title="Brockway Motor Company">Brockway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYD_Auto" title="BYD Auto">BYD Auto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Motor_Truck_Company" title="Chase Motor Truck Company">Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_Carrier_Company" title="Crane Carrier Company">CCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNH_Industrial" title="CNH Industrial">CNH Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dart_(commercial_vehicle)" title="Dart (commercial vehicle)">Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Reo_Trucks" title="Diamond Reo Trucks">Diamond Reo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_T" title="Diamond T">Diamond T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reo_Motor_Car_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Reo Motor Car Company">Reo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DINA_SA" class="mw-redirect" title="DINA SA">Dina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodge" title="Dodge">Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freightliner_Trucks" title="Freightliner Trucks">Freightliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMC_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="GMC (marque)">GMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes_Manufacturing_Company" title="Hayes Manufacturing Company">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuso_Trucks_America" title="Fuso Trucks America">Fuso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hino_Motors" title="Hino Motors">Hino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_America" title="Hyundai Motor America">Hyundai Motor America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyzon_Motors" title="Hyzon Motors">Hyzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Motors" title="International Motors">International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isuzu" title="Isuzu">Isuzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenworth" title="Kenworth">Kenworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon-Herrington" title="Marmon-Herrington">Marmon-Herrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreland_Motor_Truck_Company" title="Moreland Motor Truck Company">Moreland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mack_Trucks" title="Mack Trucks">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh_Corporation" title="Oshkosh Corporation">Oshkosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterbilt" title="Peterbilt">Peterbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Trucks" title="Ram Trucks">Ram Trucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selden_Motor_Vehicle_Company" title="Selden Motor Vehicle Company">Selden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schacht_(automobile)" title="Schacht (automobile)">Schacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyft_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Shyft Group">Shyft Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Electric_Vehicles" title="Smith Electric Vehicles">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartan_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartan Motors">Spartan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Trucks" title="Sterling Trucks">Sterling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Truck" title="Tiger Truck">Tiger Truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_Motor_Truck_Corporation" title="Traffic Motor Truck Corporation">Traffic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UD_Trucks" title="UD Trucks">UD Trucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIA_Motors" title="VIA Motors">VIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_LaFrance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ward LaFrance">Ward LaFrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Star_Trucks" title="Western Star Trucks">Western Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Motor_Company" title="White Motor Company">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workhorse_Group" title="Workhorse Group">Workhorse Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engine manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummins" title="Cummins">Cummins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Diesel" title="Detroit Diesel">Detroit Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mack_Trucks" title="Mack Trucks">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Motors" title="International Motors">MaxxForce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paccar" title="Paccar">Paccar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trailer manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daseke" title="Daseke">Daseke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon_Group" title="Marmon Group">Fontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruehauf" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruehauf">Fruehauf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Dane_Trailers" title="Great Dane Trailers">Great Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Company" title="Hyundai Motor Company">Hyundai Translead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufkin_Industries" title="Lufkin Industries">Lufkin Trailers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_Trailer_Manufacturing_Company" title="Utility Trailer Manufacturing Company">Utility Trailer Manufacturing Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_International_Marine_Containers" title="China International Marine Containers">Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabash_National" title="Wabash National">Wabash National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Trailer_Company" title="Wilson Trailer Company">Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Motor carriers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Truckload_shipping" title="Truckload shipping">Truckload</a> carriers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Averitt_Express" title="Averitt Express">Averitt Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celadon_Group" title="Celadon Group">Celadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_Freighters_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Contract Freighters Inc.">CFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenant_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Covenant Transport">Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRST" class="mw-redirect" title="CRST">CRST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFE_Transportation" title="FFE Transportation">FFE Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Hunt" title="J. B. Hunt">J. B. Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight-Swift" title="Knight-Swift">Knight-Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landstar_System" title="Landstar System">Landstar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAM_Transport" title="PAM Transport">PAM Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Transportation" title="Patriot Transportation">Patriot Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roehl_Transport" title="Roehl Transport">Roehl Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schneider_National" title="Schneider National">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swift_Transportation" title="Swift Transportation">Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Enterprises" title="Werner Enterprises">Werner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Express,_Inc." title="Western Express, Inc.">Western Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WTI_Transport" title="WTI Transport">WTI Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Less-than-truckload_shipping" title="Less-than-truckload shipping">Less than truckload (LTL)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABF_Freight_System" title="ABF Freight System">ABF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Averitt_Express" title="Averitt Express">Averitt Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Con-way_Freight" title="Con-way Freight">Con-way Freight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Freightways" title="Consolidated Freightways">Consolidated Freightways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estes_Express_Lines" title="Estes Express Lines">Estes Express Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FedEx" title="FedEx">FedEx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Motor_Freight" title="New England Motor Freight">New England Motor Freight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Dominion_Freight_Line" title="Old Dominion Freight Line">Old Dominion Freight Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%2BL_Carriers" title="R+L Carriers">R+L Carriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saia" title="Saia">Saia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Freight_Lines" title="Southeastern Freight Lines">Southeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TForce_Freight" title="TForce Freight">TForce Freight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XPO,_Inc." title="XPO, Inc.">XPO, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Corporation" title="Yellow Corporation">Yellow Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Third-party_logistics" title="Third-party logistics">Third-party logistics</a> providers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Access_America_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Access America Transport">Access America Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Lamprecht_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="American Lamprecht Transport">American Lamprecht Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C.H._Robinson" title="C.H. Robinson">C.H. Robinson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freightquote" title="Freightquote">Freightquote</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CaseStack" title="CaseStack">CaseStack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryder" title="Ryder">Ryder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_Quality_Logistics" title="Total Quality Logistics">Total Quality Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailer_Bridge" title="Trailer Bridge">Trailer Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XPO,_Inc." title="XPO, Inc.">XPO, Inc.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Package_delivery" title="Package delivery">National parcel</a> carriers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DHL" title="DHL">DHL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FedEx" title="FedEx">FedEx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greyhound_Lines#Greyhound_Package_Express" title="Greyhound Lines">Greyhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Parcel_Service" title="United Parcel Service">UPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional parcel carriers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GLS_Group" title="GLS Group">GLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaserShip" class="mw-redirect" title="LaserShip">LaserShip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSO_(company)" title="LSO (company)">LSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OnTrac" title="OnTrac">OnTrac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Moving_company" title="Moving company">Moving companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Van_Lines" title="Allied Van Lines">Allied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Van_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlas Van Lines">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekins_Van_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Bekins Van Lines">Bekins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentle_Giant_Moving_Company" title="Gentle Giant Moving Company">Gentle Giant Moving Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Van_Lines" title="Global Van Lines">Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstate_Van_Lines" title="Interstate Van Lines">Interstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayflower_Transit" title="Mayflower Transit">Mayflower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Van_Lines" title="National Van Lines">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Van_Lines" title="North American Van Lines">North American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PODS_(company)" title="PODS (company)">PODS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Men_and_a_Truck" title="Two Men and a Truck">Two Men and a Truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Van_Lines" title="United Van Lines">United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheaton_World_Wide_Moving" title="Wheaton World Wide Moving">Wheaton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Truck_stop" title="Truck stop">Truck stops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BETO_Junction" title="BETO Junction">BETO Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowlin_Travel_Centers" title="Bowlin Travel Centers">Bowlin Travel Centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixie_Travel_Plaza" title="Dixie Travel Plaza">Dixie Travel Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_80" title="Iowa 80">Iowa 80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love%27s" title="Love's">Love's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilot_Flying_J" title="Pilot Flying J">Pilot Flying J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Ranger" title="Road Ranger">Road Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roady%27s_Truck_Stops" title="Roady's Truck Stops">Roady's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TravelCenters_of_America" title="TravelCenters of America">TravelCenters of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_Pump" title="Town Pump">Town Pump</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Smith" title="Frederick W. Smith">Frederick W. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyman_Faris" title="Iyman Faris">Iyman Faris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Harwood_Cochrane" title="J. Harwood Cochrane">J. Harwood Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Hoffa" title="Jimmy Hoffa">Jimmy Hoffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_Bryan_Hunt" title="Johnnie Bryan Hunt">John Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Hunter_Jesperson" title="Keith Hunter Jesperson">Keith Jesperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Reno" title="Kelly Reno">Kelly Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Reginald_Denny" title="Attack on Reginald Denny">Reginald Denny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Moving_%26_Storage_Association" title="American Moving & Storage Association">American Moving & Storage Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Trucking_Associations" title="American Trucking Associations">American Trucking Associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAT_Solutions" title="DAT Solutions">DAT Solutions</a> (Dial-A-Truck)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Brotherhood_of_Teamsters" title="International Brotherhood of Teamsters">International Brotherhood of Teamsters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Motor_Freight_Classification" title="National Motor Freight Classification">National Motor Freight Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Motor_Freight_Traffic_Association" title="National Motor Freight Traffic Association">National Motor Freight Traffic Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Private_Truck_Council" title="National Private Truck Council">National Private Truck Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SmartWay_Transport_Partnership" title="SmartWay Transport Partnership">SmartWay Transport Partnership</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_the_American_trucking_industry" title="Glossary of the American trucking industry">Glossary of the American trucking industry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trucking_industry_in_American_culture" title="Trucking industry in American culture">Popular culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Dog_(1998_film)" title="Black Dog (1998 film)">Black Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakdown_(1997_film)" title="Breakdown (1997 film)">Breakdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaker!_Breaker!" title="Breaker! Breaker!">Breaker! Breaker!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convoy_(1978_film)" title="Convoy (1978 film)">Convoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duel_(1971_film)" title="Duel (1971 film)">Duel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F.I.S.T._(film)" title="F.I.S.T. (film)">F.I.S.T.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Ballin%27" title="High-Ballin'">High-Ballin'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Ride_(2001_film)" title="Joy Ride (2001 film)">Joy Ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximum_Overdrive" title="Maximum Overdrive">Maximum Overdrive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over_the_Top_(1987_film)" title="Over the Top (1987 film)">Over The Top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smokey_%26_the_Bandit" class="mw-redirect" title="Smokey & the Bandit">Smokey & the Bandit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/They_Drive_by_Night" title="They Drive by Night">They Drive by Night</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gang%27s_All_Here_(1941_film)" title="The Gang's All Here (1941 film)">The Gang's All Here</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Smokey_Roadblock" title="The Great Smokey Roadblock">The Great Smokey Roadblock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trucker_(film)" title="Trucker (film)">Trucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Line_Fever_(film)" title="White Line Fever (film)">White Line Fever</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Loggers" title="American Loggers">American Loggers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Trucker" title="American Trucker">American Trucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._J._and_the_Bear" title="B. J. and the Bear">B. J. and the Bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_Road_Truckers" title="Ice Road Truckers">Ice Road Truckers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movin%27_On_(TV_series)" title="Movin' On (TV series)">Movin' On</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trick_My_Truck" title="Trick My Truck">Trick My Truck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Tombstone_Every_Mile" title="A Tombstone Every Mile">A Tombstone Every Mile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Wheels_in_the_Moonlight" title="Big Wheels in the Moonlight">Big Wheels in the Moonlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Jean_(Little_Sister)" title="Bonnie Jean (Little Sister)">Bonnie Jean (Little Sister)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convoy_(song)" title="Convoy (song)">Convoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drivin%27_My_Life_Away" title="Drivin' My Life Away">Drivin' My Life Away</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bound_and_Down" title="East Bound and Down">East Bound and Down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Wheels_and_a_Dozen_Roses" title="Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses">Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giddyup_Go" title="Giddyup Go">Giddyup Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_on_the_Billboard" title="Girl on the Billboard">Girl on the Billboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movin%27_On_(Merle_Haggard_song)" title="Movin' On (Merle Haggard song)">Movin' On</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papa_Loved_Mama" title="Papa Loved Mama">Papa Loved Mama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_309" title="Phantom 309">Phantom 309</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_On_Big_Mama" title="Roll On Big Mama">Roll On Big Mama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_On_(Eighteen_Wheeler)" title="Roll On (Eighteen Wheeler)">Roll On (Eighteen Wheeler)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Days_on_the_Road" title="Six Days on the Road">Six Days on the Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Bear_(Red_Sovine_song)" title="Teddy Bear (Red Sovine song)">Teddy Bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Knight_(Cledus_Maggard_song)" title="The White Knight (Cledus Maggard song)">The White Knight</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Sommers" title="Dale Sommers">Dale Sommers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Eye_Radio" title="Red Eye Radio">Red Eye</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bill_Mack_(songwriter)" title="Bill Mack (songwriter)">Bill Mack</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Dog_Trucking" title="Road Dog Trucking">Road Dog Trucking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dave_Nemo" title="Dave Nemo">Dave Nemo</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18_Wheeler:_American_Pro_Trucker" title="18 Wheeler: American Pro Trucker">18 Wheeler: American Pro Trucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_Wheels_of_Steel" title="18 Wheels of Steel">18 Wheels of Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Truck_Simulator" title="American Truck Simulator">American Truck Simulator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rig_%27n%27_Roll" title="Rig 'n' Roll">Rig 'n' Roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Rigs:_Over_the_Road_Racing" title="Big Rigs: Over the Road Racing">Big Rigs: Over the Road Racing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citizens_band_radio" title="Citizens band radio">Citizens band radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Memorial" title="The Rolling Memorial">The Rolling Memorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Note: Defunct companies are shown in italics</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Illinois-based_corporations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Illinois_Corporations" title="Template:Illinois Corporations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Illinois_Corporations" title="Template talk:Illinois Corporations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Illinois_Corporations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Illinois Corporations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Illinois-based_corporations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Illinois_companies" title="List of Illinois companies">Illinois-based corporations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> corporations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AbbVie" title="AbbVie">AbbVie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbott_Laboratories" title="Abbott Laboratories">Abbott Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allstate" title="Allstate">Allstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer_Daniels_Midland" title="Archer Daniels Midland">Archer Daniels Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_International" title="Baxter International">Baxter International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Inc">Caterpillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDW" title="CDW">CDW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conagra_Brands" title="Conagra Brands">Conagra Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discover_Financial" title="Discover Financial">Discover Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_Corporation" title="Dover Corporation">Dover Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GATX" title="GATX">GATX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Tool_Works" title="Illinois Tool Works">Illinois Tool Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingredion" title="Ingredion">Ingredion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Motors" title="International Motors">International Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JLL_(company)" title="JLL (company)">JLL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Deere" title="John Deere">John Deere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_Heinz" title="Kraft Heinz">Kraft Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondelez_International" title="Mondelez International">Mondelēz International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorola_Solutions" title="Motorola Solutions">Motorola Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Republic_International" title="Old Republic International">Old Republic International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Farm" title="State Farm">State Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenneco" title="Tenneco">Tenneco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Airlines_Holdings" title="United Airlines Holdings">United Airlines Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walgreens_Boots_Alliance" title="Walgreens Boots Alliance">Walgreens Boots Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._W._Grainger" title="W. W. Grainger">W. W. Grainger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other major <a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">public</a> companies (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACCO_Brands" title="ACCO Brands">ACCO Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allscripts" class="mw-redirect" title="Allscripts">Allscripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_J._Gallagher_%26_Co." title="Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.">Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Corporation" title="Brunswick Corporation">Brunswick Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calamos" class="mw-redirect" title="Calamos">Calamos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Career_Education_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Career Education Corporation">Career Education Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Century_Aluminum" title="Century Aluminum">Century Aluminum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CF_Industries" title="CF Industries">CF Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cboe_Global_Markets" title="Cboe Global Markets">Cboe Global Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CME_Group" title="CME Group">CME Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNA_Financial" title="CNA Financial">CNA Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donnelley_Financial_Solutions" title="Donnelley Financial Solutions">Donnelley Financial Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equity_Residential" title="Equity Residential">Equity Residential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Brands_Home_%26_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortune Brands Home & Security">Fortune Brands Home & Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florists%27_Transworld_Delivery" title="Florists' Transworld Delivery">Florists' Transworld Delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GGP_Inc." title="GGP Inc.">GGP Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyatt" title="Hyatt">Hyatt Hotels Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemper_Corporation" title="Kemper Corporation">Kemper Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalco_Holding_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Nalco Holding Company">Nalco Holding Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicor" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicor">Nicor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Trust" title="Northern Trust">Northern Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_Corporation_of_America" title="Packaging Corporation of America">Packaging Corporation of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pactiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Pactiv">Pactiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R1_RCM" title="R1 RCM">R1 RCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RLI_Corp" class="mw-redirect" title="RLI Corp">RLI Corp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubicon_Technology" title="Rubicon Technology">Rubicon Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stericycle" title="Stericycle">Stericycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_and_Data_Systems" title="Telephone and Data Systems">Telephone and Data Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_Tire_Corporation" title="Titan Tire Corporation">Titan International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TransUnion" title="TransUnion">TransUnion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribune_Publishing" title="Tribune Publishing">Tribune Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tootsie_Roll_Industries" title="Tootsie Roll Industries">Tootsie Roll Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ULTA_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="ULTA Beauty">ULTA Beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Univar_Solutions" title="Univar Solutions">Univar Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_Foods" title="US Foods">US Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USG_Corporation" title="USG Corporation">USG Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westell" title="Westell">Westell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wintrust_Financial" title="Wintrust Financial">Wintrust Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebra_Technologies" title="Zebra Technologies">Zebra Technologies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other major <a href="/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company">private</a> companies (alphabetically)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ace_Hardware" title="Ace Hardware">Ace Hardware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_McKenzie" title="Baker McKenzie">Baker McKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Tilly_Virchow_Krause,_LLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP">Baker Tilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Cross_Blue_Shield_Association" title="Blue Cross Blue Shield Association">Blue Cross Blue Shield Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire%27s" title="Claire's">Claire's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_Financial" title="Country Financial">Country Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dot_Foods" title="Dot Foods">Dot Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eby-Brown" title="Eby-Brown">Eby-Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro-Motive_Diesel" title="Electro-Motive Diesel">Electro-Motive Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essendant" title="Essendant">Essendant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follett_Corporation" title="Follett Corporation">Follett Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner_Denver" class="mw-redirect" title="Gardner Denver">Gardner Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Thornton_LLP" title="Grant Thornton LLP">Grant Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Care_Service_Corporation" title="Health Care Service Corporation">Health Care Service Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrickson_Holdings" title="Hendrickson Holdings">Hendrickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hub_International" title="Hub International">Hub International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenner_%26_Block" title="Jenner & Block">Jenner & Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkland_%26_Ellis" title="Kirkland & Ellis">Kirkland & Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSC_Communications" title="LSC Communications">LSC Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon_Group" title="Marmon Group">Marmon Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayer_Brown" title="Mayer Brown">Mayer Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medline_Industries" title="Medline Industries">Medline Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molex" title="Molex">Molex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_Salt" title="Morton Salt">Morton Salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSI_Group" title="OSI Group">OSI Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reyes_Holdings" title="Reyes Holdings">Reyes Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryerson_(company)" title="Ryerson (company)">Ryerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidley_Austin" title="Sidley Austin">Sidley Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skidmore,_Owings_%26_Merrill" class="mw-redirect" title="Skidmore, Owings & Merrill">Skidmore, Owings & Merrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_Cup_Company" title="Solo Cup Company">Solo Cup Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transformco" title="Transformco">Transformco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TransUnion" title="TransUnion">TransUnion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripp_Lite" title="Tripp Lite">Tripp Lite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Value" title="True Value">True Value</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wirtz_Corporation" title="Wirtz Corporation">Wirtz Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Illinois" title="List of breweries in Illinois">Breweries in Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_the_Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="List of companies in the Chicago metropolitan area">Companies in the Chicago metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_manufacturers_of_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="Food manufacturers of Chicago">Food manufacturers of Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Illinois" title="List of newspapers in Illinois">Newspapers in Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wineries_in_Illinois" title="List of wineries in Illinois">Wineries in Illinois</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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/></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000106986083">ISNI</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000107413287">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/134820495">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/5014158-2">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no89000175">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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