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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=ENSafrica" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=ENSafrica" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Edward_Nathan_&_Friedland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edward_Nathan_&_Friedland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Edward Nathan & Friedland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edward_Nathan_&_Friedland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sonnenberg_Hoffmann_&_Galombik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sonnenberg_Hoffmann_&_Galombik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Sonnenberg Hoffmann & Galombik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sonnenberg_Hoffmann_&_Galombik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs</span> </div> 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<button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Julius_Malema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Julius_Malema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Julius Malema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Julius_Malema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tax_Evasion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_Evasion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tax Evasion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_Evasion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">ENS (Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs)</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_for_ENSafrica_(Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Logo_for_ENSafrica_%28Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs%29.jpg/220px-Logo_for_ENSafrica_%28Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Logo_for_ENSafrica_%28Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs%29.jpg/330px-Logo_for_ENSafrica_%28Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Logo_for_ENSafrica_%28Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs%29.jpg/440px-Logo_for_ENSafrica_%28Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="113" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of offices</th><td class="infobox-data">15 (including two pro bono offices)<sup id="cite_ref-locations_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-locations-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of attorneys</th><td class="infobox-data">over 600 (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of employees</th><td class="infobox-data">1020+ (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major practice areas</th><td class="infobox-data">Law, Tax, Forensics and IP</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key people</th><td class="infobox-data">Michael Katz <small>(Chairman)</small>, Mzi Mgudlwa <small>(Chief executive)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1905</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_business_entity" title="Category:Types of business entity">Company type</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Legal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ensafrica.com/">www.ensafrica.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>ENS (Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs)</b> is Africa's largest law firm.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ENS currently has over 620 practitioners and was established over 100 years ago. The firm specialises in all commercial areas of Law, Tax, Forensics and IP. The firm is a Level 2 <a href="/wiki/Broad-Based_Black_Economic_Empowerment" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment">Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment</a> (BBBEE) contributor.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ENS is one of the traditional "<a href="/wiki/Big_Five_law_firms_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Five law firms (South Africa)">Big Five</a>" law firms in South Africa. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edward_Nathan_&_Friedland"><span id="Edward_Nathan_.26_Friedland"></span>Edward Nathan & Friedland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Edward Nathan & Friedland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Edward Nathan & Friedland was formed in 1905. In 1999, Edward Nathan & Friedland was bought by <a href="/wiki/Nedbank" title="Nedbank">Nedbank</a> for R40 million. After an exodus of clients and lawyers, as well as deeming the investment non-core, in 2004, Nedbank sold Edward Nathan & Friedland back to 47 directors for R50 million.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the purchase price, R33 million in available cash in Edward Nathan & Friedland was transferred to Nedbank. In total, Nedbank suffered a loss of R20 million on the sale.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sonnenberg_Hoffmann_&_Galombik"><span id="Sonnenberg_Hoffmann_.26_Galombik"></span>Sonnenberg Hoffmann & Galombik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sonnenberg Hoffmann & Galombik"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sonnenberg Hoffmann & Galombik was formed in 1936. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs">Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The firm was formed after a 2006 merger between Cape Town-based law firm Sonnenberg Hoffmann Galombik (SHG) and the Johannesburg-based law firm Edward Nathan & Friedland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Divisions">Divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Its specialist divisions include Africa regulatory and business intelligence, Asia-Africa trade (including China, India, and Japan), and structuring of investments through Mauritius. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Offices">Offices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Offices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2012, ENS became the first African headquartered law firm with integrated offices across different African jurisdictions, with the opening of offices in Rwanda and Burundi, which office was closed in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This was shortly followed by another office opening in the Ugandan capital of Kampala in December 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2013, ENS announced a merger with Mauritius' largest and oldest firm, De Comarmond & Koenig.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 November 2014, the firm announced the opening of two offices in the Namibian capital Windhoek and Swakopmund respectively, with a third Namibian office, in Walvis Bay, opening soon thereafter. This was done through a merger with local Namibian law firm Lorentz Angula.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former CEO, Piet Faber, is quoted (31 March 2014) as saying that ENS will open offices in at least six other African jurisdictions over the next two years.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 May 2015, the firm announced the opening of its 13th office on the African continent, following a merger with local Tanzanian law firm, Rex Attorneys.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, ENS closed its Burundi office.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most recent office to be opened was formed through a merger with local Ghanaian firm Oxford & Beaumont Solicitors, and formally opened as ENS Ghana on 1 December 2015. Oxford & Beaumont Solicitors was the first Ghanaian firm to open representative offices in London.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The company has offices in several countries and cities:<sup id="cite_ref-locations_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-locations-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Ghana: <a href="/wiki/Accra" title="Accra">Accra</a></li> <li>Kenya: <a href="/wiki/Nairobi" title="Nairobi">Nairobi</a></li> <li>Mauritius: <a href="/wiki/Port_Louis" title="Port Louis">Port Louis</a></li> <li>Namibia: <a href="/wiki/Windhoek" title="Windhoek">Windhoek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swakopmund" title="Swakopmund">Swakopmund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walvis_Bay" title="Walvis Bay">Walvis Bay</a></li> <li>Rwanda: <a href="/wiki/Kigali" title="Kigali">Kigali</a></li> <li>South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Alexandra,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandra, Gauteng">Alexandra</a> (Pro Bono Office), <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/Durban" title="Durban">Durban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitchells_Plain" title="Mitchells Plain">Mitchells Plain</a> (Pro Bono Office), <a href="/wiki/Stellenbosch" title="Stellenbosch">Stellenbosch</a></li> <li>Tanzania: <a href="/wiki/Dar_es_Salaam" title="Dar es Salaam">Dar es Salaam</a></li> <li>Uganda: <a href="/wiki/Kampala" title="Kampala">Kampala</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Julius_Malema">Julius Malema</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Julius Malema"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2010 and 2011, ENS acted for <a href="/wiki/Julius_Malema" title="Julius Malema">Julius Malema</a> in a court case brought against him by <a href="/wiki/Afriforum" class="mw-redirect" title="Afriforum">Afriforum</a> in relation to his singing of the song "shoot the boer" (shoot the farmer / white person). The firm subsequently withdrew from the case, resulting in Malema accusing the firm of racism.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, on 12 September 2011, Malema was convicted of hate speech.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tax_Evasion">Tax Evasion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tax Evasion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a court action brought in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Cape_High_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Cape High Court">Western Cape High Court</a> in 2018, the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Revenue_Service" title="South African Revenue Service">South African Revenue Service</a> claimed that ENS created a R3.5 billion <a href="/wiki/Tax_evasion" title="Tax evasion">tax evasion</a> scheme involving <a href="/wiki/Christo_Wiese" title="Christo Wiese">Christo Wiese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tullow_Oil" title="Tullow Oil">Tullow Oil</a>. In addition to pursuing <a href="/wiki/Christo_Wiese" title="Christo Wiese">Christo Wiese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tullow_Oil" title="Tullow Oil">Tullow Oil</a>, the South African Revenue Service is also pursuing a former ENS executive.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ENSafrica&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-locations-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-locations_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-locations_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensafrica.com/locations/default.aspx#locations">locations</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEdward_Nathan_Sonnenbergs" class="citation web cs1">Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ensafrica.com/about-us">"ENSafrica – about us"</a>. ENSafrica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160524190025/https://www.ensafrica.com/about-us">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ENSafrica+%E2%80%93+about+us&rft.pub=ENSafrica&rft.au=Edward+Nathan+Sonnenbergs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ensafrica.com%2Fabout-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140811212622/http://www.top-employers.com/en/companyprofiles/ZA/ENS/">"Certified Top Employers 2014"</a>. Top Employers Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.top-employers.com/en/companyprofiles/ZA/ENS/">the original</a> on 11 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Certified+Top+Employers+2014&rft.pub=Top+Employers+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.top-employers.com%2Fen%2Fcompanyprofiles%2FZA%2FENS%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.bdlive.co.za/companies/2012/11/26/sas-biggest-law-firm-expands-footprint-in-africa">http://www.bdlive.co.za/companies/2012/11/26/sas-biggest-law-firm-expands-footprint-in-africa</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140201215730/http://www.bdlive.co.za/companies/2012/11/26/sas-biggest-law-firm-expands-footprint-in-africa">Archived</a> 1 February 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – Retrieved on 19 February 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensafrica.com/search?type=all&orderBy=&searchTerm=south+africa">"ENSafrica.com South Africa page"</a>. 21 February 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140227193555/http://www.ensafrica.com/search?type=all&orderBy=&searchTerm=south+africa">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ENSafrica.com+South+Africa+page&rft.date=2014-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ensafrica.com%2Fsearch%3Ftype%3Dall%26orderBy%3D%26searchTerm%3Dsouth%2Bafrica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fin24.com/Companies/Nedcor-pays-for-ENF-mistake-20041222">"Nedcor pays for ENF mistake"</a>. <i>Fin24</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170831172813/http://www.fin24.com/Companies/Nedcor-pays-for-ENF-mistake-20041222">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fin24&rft.atitle=Nedcor+pays+for+ENF+mistake&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fin24.com%2FCompanies%2FNedcor-pays-for-ENF-mistake-20041222&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/business-day/20131029/282192238732920">"PressReader – Business Day: 2013-10-29 – Nedbank's record shows not all bankers are nerdy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180719233430/http://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/business-day/20131029/282192238732920">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PressReader+%E2%80%93+Business+Day%3A+2013-10-29+%E2%80%93+Nedbank%27s+record+shows+not+all+bankers+are+nerdy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pressreader.com%2Fsouth-africa%2Fbusiness-day%2F20131029%2F282192238732920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelawyer.com/ens-eyes-pan-african-domination-with-launches-in-rwanda-and-burundi/1013826.article">"ENS eyes pan-African domination with launches in Rwanda and Burundi"</a>. TheLawyer.com. 8 August 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140809142649/http://www.thelawyer.com/ens-eyes-pan-african-domination-with-launches-in-rwanda-and-burundi/1013826.article">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ENS+eyes+pan-African+domination+with+launches+in+Rwanda+and+Burundi&rft.pub=TheLawyer.com&rft.date=2012-08-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelawyer.com%2Fens-eyes-pan-african-domination-with-launches-in-rwanda-and-burundi%2F1013826.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.property24.com/articles/ens-expands-its-footprints-into-africa/16839">"ENS expands its footprints into Africa"</a>. property24.com. 27 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141105163120/http://www.property24.com/articles/ens-expands-its-footprints-into-africa/16839">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ENS+expands+its+footprints+into+Africa&rft.pub=property24.com&rft.date=2012-12-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.property24.com%2Farticles%2Fens-expands-its-footprints-into-africa%2F16839&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/print-version/company-announcement-in-africa-for-africa-2012-08-08">"ENSafrica opens doors in Mauritius"</a>. Polity.org.za. 3 December 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140808060843/http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/print-version/company-announcement-in-africa-for-africa-2012-08-08">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Africa%3A+Down+and+clout&rft.pub=TheLawyer.com&rft.date=2014-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelawyer.com%2Fanalysis%2Fdedicated-issue%2Fafrica-elite-2014%2Fsouth-africa-down-and-clout%2F3017644.article%23ENSafrica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iflr1000.com/NewsAndAnalysis/ENSAfrica-grows-into-Tanzania/Index/2901">"ENSafrica grows into Tanzania"</a>. iflr1000.com. 5 May 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208053547/http://www.iflr1000.com/NewsAndAnalysis/ENSAfrica-grows-into-Tanzania/Index/2901">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ENSafrica+grows+into+Tanzania&rft.pub=iflr1000.com&rft.date=2015-05-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iflr1000.com%2FNewsAndAnalysis%2FENSAfrica-grows-into-Tanzania%2FIndex%2F2901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ensafrica.com/contact">https://www.ensafrica.com/contact</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222195119/https://www.ensafrica.com/contact">Archived</a> 22 December 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> ENSafrica: locations</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legalweek.com/legal-week/news/2436691/ensafrica-merges-with-oxford-beaumont-to-enter-ghana-market">"ENSafrica merges with Oxford & Beaumont to enter Ghana market"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Law+firm+director+says+Malema+case+has+nothing+to+do+with+his+departure&rft.date=2011-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.news24.com%2FArchives%2FCity-Press%2FLaw-firm-director-says-Malema-case-has-nothing-to-do-with-his-departure-20150429&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mg.co.za/article/2011-02-11-dumping-malema-splits-law-firm">"Dumping Malema splits law firm"</a>. 11 February 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180720225331/https://mg.co.za/article/2011-02-11-dumping-malema-splits-law-firm">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AmaBhungane+%E2%80%93+Christo+Wiese%2C+Tullow+Oil+and+ENS%27s+tax+dodging+services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famabhungane.co.za%2Farticle%2F2018-07-18-christo-wiese-tullow-oil-and-enss-tax-dodging-services&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.co.za/sars-wants-millions-from-wiese-and-ens-according-to-a-report-2018-7">"SA's top law firm reportedly sold Christo Wiese an alleged dubious deal – and Sars now wants millions back"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180719233809/https://www.businessinsider.co.za/sars-wants-millions-from-wiese-and-ens-according-to-a-report-2018-7">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SA%27s+top+law+firm+reportedly+sold+Christo+Wiese+an+alleged+dubious+deal+%E2%80%93+and+Sars+now+wants+millions+back&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.co.za%2Fsars-wants-millions-from-wiese-and-ens-according-to-a-report-2018-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AENSafrica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.fin24.com/Economy/christo-wiese-implicated-in-tax-avoidance-scheme-amabhungane-reports-20180719">"Christo Wiese implicated in tax avoidance scheme, amaBhungane reports"</a>. 19 July 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180719233616/https://m.fin24.com/Economy/christo-wiese-implicated-in-tax-avoidance-scheme-amabhungane-reports-20180719">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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talk:Law firms of South Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Law_firms_of_South_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Law firms of South Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Law_firms_of_South_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Law_firm" title="Law firm">Law firms</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_South_Africa" title="Law of South Africa">Law of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">Economy of South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Law firms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Big_Five_(law_firms)_in_South_Africa" title="Big Five (law firms) in South Africa">Big Five</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowman_Gilfillan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowman Gilfillan">Bowman Gilfillan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cliffe_Dekker_Hofmeyr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr (page does not exist)">Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webber_Wentzel" title="Webber Wentzel">Webber Wentzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werksmans" title="Werksmans">Werksmans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairbridges_Attorneys" title="Fairbridges Attorneys">Fairbridges Attorneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasken" title="Fasken">Fasken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norton_Rose_Fulbright" title="Norton Rose Fulbright">Norton Rose Fulbright South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Dewar" title="Bell Dewar">Bell Dewar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deneys_Reitz_Inc" title="Deneys Reitz Inc">Deneys Reitz Inc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandela_and_Tambo" title="Mandela and Tambo">Mandela and Tambo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_South_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of South Africa"><img alt="Flag of South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/50px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/75px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/100px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Other resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_and_Constitutional_Development" title="Department of Justice and Constitutional Development">Department of Justice and Constitutional Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_Resources_Centre" title="Legal Resources Centre">Legal Resources Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_education#South_Africa" title="Legal education">Legal education in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_schools_in_South_Africa" title="List of law schools in South Africa">List of law schools in South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Law_firms_of_South_Africa" title="Category:Law firms of South Africa">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Companies_based_in_Greater_Johannesburg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Witwatersrand_companies" title="Template:Witwatersrand companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Witwatersrand_companies" title="Template talk:Witwatersrand companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Witwatersrand_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Witwatersrand companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Companies_based_in_Greater_Johannesburg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Companies based in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Johannesburg" title="Greater Johannesburg">Greater Johannesburg</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diversified<br />conglomerates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aveng" title="Aveng">Aveng</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barloworld_Limited" title="Barloworld Limited">Barloworld</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bidvest_Group" title="Bidvest Group">Bidvest</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_House_(company)" title="Chancellor House (company)">Chancellor House</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Famous_Brands" title="Famous Brands">Famous Brands</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airlines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aerolift" title="Aerolift">Aerolift</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Airlink" title="Airlink">Airlink</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Airlink_Cargo" title="Airlink Cargo">Cargo</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CemAir" title="CemAir">CemAir</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Egoli_Air" title="Egoli Air">Egoli Air</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Air" title="Federal Air">Federal Air</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Global_Aviation" title="Global Aviation">Global Aviation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Airways_Corporation" title="National Airways Corporation">National Airways</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norse_Air" title="Norse Air">Norse Air</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phoebus_Apollo_Aviation" title="Phoebus Apollo Aviation">Phoebus Apollo Aviation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_African_Airways" title="South African Airways">SAA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Safair" title="Safair">Safair</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/FlySafair" title="FlySafair">FlySafair</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solenta_Aviation" title="Solenta Aviation">Solenta Aviation</a></span></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Defunct" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1time" title="1time">1time</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/African_International_Airways" title="African International Airways">African International Airways</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/AirQuarius_Aviation" title="AirQuarius Aviation">AirQuarius Aviation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Avia_(airline)" title="Avia (airline)">Avia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Comair_(South_Africa)" title="Comair (South Africa)">Comair</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Command_Airways_(South_Africa)" title="Command Airways (South Africa)">Command Airways</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Aerospace" title="Executive Aerospace">Executive Aerospace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fly_Blue_Crane" title="Fly Blue Crane">Fly Blue Crane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Air_Cargo" title="Imperial Air Cargo">Imperial Air Cargo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Interair_South_Africa" title="Interair South Africa">Interair South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Interlink_Airlines" title="Interlink Airlines">Interlink Airlines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kulula.com" title="Kulula.com">kulula.com</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mango_(airline)" title="Mango (airline)">Mango</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_Airlines_(South_Africa)" title="Nationwide Airlines (South Africa)">Nationwide Airlines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rossair_Executive_Air_Charter" title="Rossair Executive Air Charter">Rossair Executive Air Charter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rovos_Air" title="Rovos Air">Rovos Air</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Skywise_(airline)" title="Skywise (airline)">Skywise</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_African_Express" title="South African Express">South African Express</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Construction<br />and engineering</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Concor" title="Concor">Concor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murray_%26_Roberts" title="Murray & Roberts">Murray & Roberts</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Energy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/DLO_Energy_Resources_Group" title="DLO Energy Resources Group">DLO Energy Resources</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Total_South_Africa" title="Total South Africa">Total South Africa</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Absa_Group_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Absa Group Limited">Absa Group</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Forbes_Group_Holdings" title="Alexander Forbes Group Holdings">Alexforbes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Limited" title="Discovery Limited">Discovery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evolution_Group_(South_Africa)" title="Evolution Group (South Africa)">Evolution Group</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hollard_Group" title="Hollard Group">Hollard Group</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Investec" title="Investec">Investec</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Holdings_Limited" title="Liberty Holdings Limited">Liberty Holdings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Livestock_Wealth" title="Livestock Wealth">Livestock Wealth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MiWay_Insurance" title="MiWay Insurance">MiWay Insurance</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lesaka_Technologies" title="Lesaka Technologies">Lesaka Technologies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Old_Mutual" title="Old Mutual">Old Mutual</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Riovic" title="Riovic">Riovic Capital Group</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RMB_Holdings" title="RMB Holdings">RMB Holdings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rand_Merchant_Investment_Holdings" title="Rand Merchant Investment Holdings">RMI Holdings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/STANLIB" title="STANLIB">STANLIB</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Venmyn_Rand" title="Venmyn Rand">Venmyn Rand</a></span></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Banks" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Banks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Absa_Bank_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Absa Bank Limited">Absa Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Access_Bank_South_Africa" title="Access Bank South Africa">Access Bank South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/African_Alliance_Investment_Bank" title="African Alliance Investment Bank">African Alliance Investment Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/African_Bank_Limited" title="African Bank Limited">African Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bank_Zero" title="Bank Zero">Bank Zero</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bidvest_Bank" title="Bidvest Bank">Bidvest Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Development_Bank_of_Southern_Africa" title="Development Bank of Southern Africa">DBSA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_National_Bank_(South_Africa)" title="First National Bank (South Africa)">First National Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/FirstRand" title="FirstRand">FirstRand Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Bank_South_Africa" title="Imperial Bank South Africa">Imperial Bank South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mercantile_Bank_(South_Africa)" title="Mercantile Bank (South Africa)">Mercantile Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nedbank" title="Nedbank">Nedbank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RMB_Holdings" title="RMB Holdings">Rand Merchant Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sasfin_Bank" title="Sasfin Bank">Sasfin Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chartered_South_Africa" title="Standard Chartered South Africa">Stanchart South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Bank" title="Standard Bank">Standard Bank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/TymeBank" title="TymeBank">TymeBank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ubank" title="Ubank">Ubank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wizzit" title="Wizzit">Wizzit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/VBS_Mutual_Bank" title="VBS Mutual Bank">VBS Mutual Bank</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hospitality</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Sun_Hotels" title="Southern Sun Hotels">Southern Sun Hotels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sun_International" title="Sun International">Sun International</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tsogo_Sun" title="Tsogo Sun">Tsogo Sun</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ICT</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Afrihost" title="Afrihost">Afrihost</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/BCX_(Business_Connexion_Group)" class="mw-redirect" title="BCX (Business Connexion Group)">BCX</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cell_C" title="Cell C">Cell C</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cybatar" title="Cybatar">Cybatar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Datatec" title="Datatec">Datatec</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dimension_Data" title="Dimension Data">Dimension Data</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/EOH_Holdings" title="EOH Holdings">EOH Holdings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IVeri_Payment_Technologies" title="IVeri Payment Technologies">iVeri Payment Technologies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MTN_Group" title="MTN Group">MTN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neotel" title="Neotel">Neotel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/OTEL_Telecoms" title="OTEL Telecoms">OTEL Telecoms</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rain_(telecommunications)" title="Rain (telecommunications)">Rain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sybrin" title="Sybrin">Sybrin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Teraco_Data_Environments" title="Teraco Data Environments">Teraco Data Environments</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vodacom" title="Vodacom">Vodacom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Solutions" title="Internet Solutions">Internet Solutions</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luma_Arcade" title="Luma Arcade">Luma Arcade</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vision_Software" title="Vision Software">Vision Software</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bowman_Gilfillan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowman Gilfillan">Bowman Gilfillan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ENSafrica</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Webber_Wentzel" title="Webber Wentzel">Webber Wentzel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Werksmans" title="Werksmans">Werksmans</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deneys_Reitz_Inc" title="Deneys Reitz Inc">Deneys Reitz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mandela_and_Tambo" title="Mandela and Tambo">Mandela and Tambo</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adcock_Ingram" title="Adcock Ingram">Adcock Ingram</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/AECI" title="AECI">AECI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/African_Explosives" title="African Explosives">African Explosives</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/All_Joy_Foods" title="All Joy Foods">All Joy Foods</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bakers_(bakery)" title="Bakers (bakery)">Bakers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clover_Industries" title="Clover Industries">Clover Industries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/French_Engineering_Works" title="French Engineering Works">FEW</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Water_Cooling" title="Industrial Water Cooling">IWC</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isuzu_Trucks_South_Africa" title="Isuzu Trucks South Africa">Isuzu Trucks South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Land_Systems_OMC" title="Land Systems OMC">Land Systems OMC</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nampak" title="Nampak">Nampak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Group" title="Paramount Group">Paramount Group</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/PPC_Ltd." title="PPC Ltd.">PPC</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Premier_FMCG" title="Premier FMCG">Premier FMCG</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rand_Refinery" title="Rand Refinery">Rand Refinery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rembrandt_Group" title="Rembrandt Group">Rembrandt Group</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sappi" title="Sappi">Sappi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simba_(South_African_company)" title="Simba (South African company)">Simba</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/SkyReach_Aircraft" title="SkyReach Aircraft">SkyReach Aircraft</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sling_Aircraft" title="Sling Aircraft">Sling Aircraft</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_African_Breweries" title="South African Breweries">South African Breweries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Brands" title="Tiger Brands">Tiger Brands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Truvelo_Armoury" title="Truvelo Armoury">Truvelo Armoury</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Union_Carriage_%26_Wagon" title="Union Carriage & Wagon">Union Carriage & Wagon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Basil_Green_Motors" title="Basil Green Motors">Basil Green Motors</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_PowerChutes" title="New PowerChutes">New PowerChutes</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arena_Holdings" title="Arena Holdings">Arena Holdings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Caxton_and_CTP_Publishers_and_Printers" title="Caxton and CTP Publishers and Printers">Caxton and CTP Publishers and Printers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MultiChoice" title="MultiChoice">MultiChoice</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nu_Metro_Cinemas" class="mw-redirect" title="Nu Metro Cinemas">Nu Metro Cinemas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Primedia" title="Primedia">Primedia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/SABC" title="SABC">SABC</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/StarSat" title="StarSat">StarSat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ster-Kinekor" title="Ster-Kinekor">Ster-Kinekor</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mining</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexkor" title="Alexkor">Alexkor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asa_Resources_Group" title="Asa Resources Group">Asa Resources</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/African_Rainbow_Minerals" title="African Rainbow Minerals">African Rainbow Minerals</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/AngloGold_Ashanti" title="AngloGold Ashanti">AngloGold Ashanti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/DRDGOLD_Limited" title="DRDGOLD Limited">DRDGOLD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/East_Rand_Mine" title="East Rand Mine">ERPM</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gold_Fields" title="Gold Fields">Gold Fields</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harmony_Gold_(mining)" title="Harmony Gold (mining)">Harmony Gold</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Impala_Platinum" title="Impala Platinum">Impala Platinum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/JCI_Limited" title="JCI Limited">JCI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Metorex" title="Metorex">Metorex</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northam_Platinum" title="Northam Platinum">Northam Platinum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sibanye-Stillwater" title="Sibanye-Stillwater">Sibanye-Stillwater</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simmer_and_Jack" title="Simmer and Jack">Simmer and Jack</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retail and<br />marketing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/AutoTrader.co.za" title="AutoTrader.co.za">AutoTrader</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bidorbuy" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidorbuy">Bidorbuy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cadac_(South_Africa)" title="Cadac (South Africa)">Cadac</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CNA_(bookstore)" title="CNA (bookstore)">CNA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Creative_Counsel" title="The Creative Counsel">The Creative Counsel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dis-Chem" title="Dis-Chem">Dis-Chem</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_Books" title="Exclusive Books">Exclusive Books</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Automotive_South_Africa" title="Hyundai Automotive South Africa">Hyundai South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Incredible_Connection" title="Incredible Connection">Incredible Connection</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Massmart" title="Massmart">Massmart</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wantitall.co.za" title="Wantitall.co.za">Wantitall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edcon" title="Edcon">Edcon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/OK_Bazaars" title="OK Bazaars">OK Bazaars</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Restaurant<br />franchises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chicken_Licken_(restaurant)" title="Chicken Licken (restaurant)">Chicken Licken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Debonairs_Pizza" title="Debonairs Pizza">Debonairs Pizza</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mugg_%26_Bean" title="Mugg & Bean">Mugg & Bean</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nando%27s" title="Nando's">Nando's</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roman%27s_Pizza" title="Roman's Pizza">Roman's Pizza</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steers_(restaurant)" title="Steers (restaurant)">Steers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wimpy_(restaurant)" title="Wimpy (restaurant)">Wimpy</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Netcare" title="Netcare">Netcare</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/SA_Waste_Holdings" title="SA Waste Holdings">SA Waste Holdings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bosasa" title="Bosasa">Bosasa</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Avis_Southern_Africa" title="Avis Southern Africa">Avis Southern Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Comazar" title="Comazar">Comazar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/PUTCO" title="PUTCO">PUTCO</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Surtees_Rail_Group" title="Surtees Rail Group">Surtees Rail Group</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_South_Africa" title="State-owned enterprises of South Africa">State-owned<br />enterprises</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Airports_Company_South_Africa" title="Airports Company South Africa">Airports Company South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denel_Aeronautics" title="Denel Aeronautics">Denel Aeronautics</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Development_Bank_of_Southern_Africa" title="Development Bank of Southern Africa">Development Bank of Southern Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eskom" title="Eskom">Eskom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rand_Water" title="Rand Water">Rand Water</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/SABC" title="SABC">South African Broadcasting Corporation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sasol" title="Sasol">Sasol</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sentech" title="Sentech">Sentech</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_African_Airways" title="South African Airways">South African Airways</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Transnet" title="Transnet">Transnet</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Freightdynamics" title="Freightdynamics">Freightdynamics</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Defunct</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lema_(company)" title="Lema (company)">Lema</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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