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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pupils" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pupils"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Pupils</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pupils-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="بنجامين ويست – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنجامين ويست" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" title="Бенджамин Уест – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бенджамин Уест" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="بنجامین وست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بنجامین وست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A4%EC%A0%80%EB%AF%BC_%EC%9B%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="벤저민 웨스트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="벤저민 웨스트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%92%27%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98" title="בנג'מין וסט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בנג'מין וסט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="بنجامين ويست – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بنجامين ويست" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88" title="ベンジャミン・ウエスト – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベンジャミン・ウエスト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Уэст, Бенджамин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уэст, Бенджамин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Benjamin West" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" title="Бенджамін Вест – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бенджамін Вест" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E6%9D%B0%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="本杰明·韦斯特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="本杰明·韦斯特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q313498#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">18th and 19th-century English painter</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Benjamin West, see <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_West_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Benjamin West (disambiguation)">Benjamin West (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Benjamin West</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Royal_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Royal Academy">PRA</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:After_Benjamin_West,_Benjamin_West,_c._1776,_NGA_1133.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/After_Benjamin_West%2C_Benjamin_West%2C_c._1776%2C_NGA_1133.jpg/220px-After_Benjamin_West%2C_Benjamin_West%2C_c._1776%2C_NGA_1133.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/After_Benjamin_West%2C_Benjamin_West%2C_c._1776%2C_NGA_1133.jpg/330px-After_Benjamin_West%2C_Benjamin_West%2C_c._1776%2C_NGA_1133.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/After_Benjamin_West%2C_Benjamin_West%2C_c._1776%2C_NGA_1133.jpg/440px-After_Benjamin_West%2C_Benjamin_West%2C_c._1776%2C_NGA_1133.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3284" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Self-portrait of Benjamin West, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1763</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1738-10-10</span>)</span>October 10, 1738<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Springfield_Township,_Delaware_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Springfield Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania">Springfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pennsylvania" title="Province of Pennsylvania">Province of Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_America" title="British America">British America</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 11, 1820<span style="display:none">(1820-03-11)</span> (aged 81)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, United Kingdom</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Historical_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical painting">Historical painting</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Patron(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_(delegate)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry (delegate)">William Henry</a><br /><a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">King George III</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Benjamin West</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Royal_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Royal Academy">PRA</a></span></span> (October 10, 1738 – March 11, 1820) was a <a href="/wiki/British-America" class="mw-redirect" title="British-America">British-American</a> artist who painted famous historical scenes such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Nelson_(West_painting)" title="The Death of Nelson (West painting)">The Death of Nelson</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_General_Wolfe" title="The Death of General Wolfe">The Death of General Wolfe</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(painting)" title="Treaty of Paris (painting)">Treaty of Paris</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky" title="Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky">Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky</a></i>. </p><p>Entirely self-taught, West soon gained valuable patronage and toured Europe, eventually settling in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. He impressed <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">King George III</a> and was largely responsible for the launch of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Arts" title="Royal Academy of Arts">Royal Academy</a>, of which he became the second president (after <a href="/wiki/Sir_Joshua_Reynolds" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Joshua Reynolds">Sir Joshua Reynolds</a>). He was appointed historical painter to the court and <a href="/wiki/Surveyor_of_the_Queen%27s_Pictures" class="mw-redirect" title="Surveyor of the Queen's Pictures">Surveyor of the King's Pictures</a>. </p><p>West also painted religious subjects, as in his huge work <i>The Preservation of St Paul after a Shipwreck at Malta</i>, at the Chapel of St Peter and St Paul at the <a href="/wiki/Old_Royal_Naval_College" title="Old Royal Naval College">Old Royal Naval College</a> in Greenwich, and <i>Christ Healing the Sick</i>, presented to the <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery" title="National Gallery">National Gallery</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:House_that_Benjamin_West_was_born_in.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/House_that_Benjamin_West_was_born_in.png/220px-House_that_Benjamin_West_was_born_in.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/House_that_Benjamin_West_was_born_in.png/330px-House_that_Benjamin_West_was_born_in.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/House_that_Benjamin_West_was_born_in.png/440px-House_that_Benjamin_West_was_born_in.png 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="669" /></a><figcaption>The house in which West was born in <a href="/wiki/Springfield_Township,_Delaware_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Springfield Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania">Springfield, Pennsylvania</a>, drawn by <a href="/wiki/John_Sartain" title="John Sartain">John Sartain</a> in 1837</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus_by_Benjamin_West.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus_by_Benjamin_West.jpeg/210px-Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus_by_Benjamin_West.jpeg" decoding="async" width="210" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus_by_Benjamin_West.jpeg/315px-Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus_by_Benjamin_West.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus_by_Benjamin_West.jpeg/420px-Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus_by_Benjamin_West.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="477" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.racollection.org.uk/ixbin/indexplus?record=ART309&_IXFILE_=templates/pages/kiosk/video3.html">Introducing Benjamin West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Academy of Art">Royal Academy of Art</a><sup id="cite_ref-RAA_A_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RAA_A-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAr5YJyawSA">Lecture 7. Benjamin West's Agrippina Landing at Brundisium with the Ashes of Germanicus</a>, 57:08, <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>West was born in <a href="/wiki/Springfield_Township,_Delaware_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Springfield Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania">Springfield, Pennsylvania</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_West_Birthplace" title="Benjamin West Birthplace">a house</a> that is now in the borough of <a href="/wiki/Swarthmore,_Pennsylvania" title="Swarthmore, Pennsylvania">Swarthmore</a> on the campus of <a href="/wiki/Swarthmore_College" title="Swarthmore College">Swarthmore College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the tenth child of an innkeeper, John West (1690–1776), and his wife, Sarah Pearson (1697–1756). The family later moved to <a href="/wiki/Newtown_Square,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Newtown Square, Pennsylvania">Newtown Square, Pennsylvania</a>, where his father was the proprietor of the <a href="/wiki/Square_Tavern" title="Square Tavern">Square Tavern</a>, still standing in that town. </p><p>West told the novelist <a href="/wiki/John_Galt_(novelist)" title="John Galt (novelist)">John Galt</a>, with whom, late in his life, he collaborated on a memoir, <i>The Life and Studies of Benjamin West</i> (1816, 1820), that, when he was a child, <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> showed him how to make paint by mixing some clay from the river bank with bear grease in a pot. West was an <a href="/wiki/Autodidact" class="mw-redirect" title="Autodidact">autodidact</a>; while excelling at the arts, "he had little [formal] education and, even when president of the Royal Academy, could scarcely spell".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One day, his mother left him alone with his little sister Sally. Benjamin discovered some bottles of ink and began to paint Sally's portrait. When his mother came home, she noticed the painting, picked it up and said, "Why, it's Sally!", and kissed him. Later, he noted, "My mother's kiss made me a painter".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received further art training by the artisan painter <a href="/wiki/William_Williams_(artist)" title="William Williams (artist)">William Williams</a>. </p><p>From 1746 to 1759, West worked in Pennsylvania, mostly painting portraits. While West was in <a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Pennsylvania" title="Lancaster, Pennsylvania">Lancaster</a> in 1756, his patron, a gunsmith named <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_(delegate)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry (delegate)">William Henry</a>, encouraged him to paint a <i>Death of Socrates</i> based on an engraving in <a href="/wiki/Charles_Rollin" title="Charles Rollin">Charles Rollin</a>'s <i>Ancient History.</i> His resulting composition, which significantly differs from the source, has been called "the most ambitious and interesting painting produced in colonial America".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(Anglican_priest)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Smith (Anglican priest)">Dr William Smith</a>, then the <a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">provost</a> of the <a href="/wiki/College_of_Philadelphia" class="mw-redirect" title="College of Philadelphia">College of Philadelphia</a>, saw the painting in Henry's house and decided to become West's patron, offering him education and, more importantly, connections with wealthy and politically connected Pennsylvanians. During this time West met <a href="/wiki/John_Wollaston_(painter)" title="John Wollaston (painter)">John Wollaston</a>, a famous painter who had immigrated from London. West learned Wollaston's techniques for painting the shimmer of silk and satin, and also adopted some of "his mannerisms, the most prominent of which was to give all his subjects large almond-shaped eyes, which clients thought very chic".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>West was a close friend of <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, whose portrait he painted. Franklin was the godfather of West's second son, Benjamin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Italian_tour">Italian tour</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Italian tour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West,_English_(born_America)_-_Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Benjamin_West%2C_English_%28born_America%29_-_Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Benjamin_West%2C_English_%28born_America%29_-_Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Benjamin_West%2C_English_%28born_America%29_-_Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Benjamin_West%2C_English_%28born_America%29_-_Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Benjamin_West%2C_English_%28born_America%29_-_Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Benjamin_West%2C_English_%28born_America%29_-_Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4039" data-file-height="5413" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky" title="Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky">Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky</a></i>, c. 1816, now housed in the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art" title="Philadelphia Museum of Art">Philadelphia Museum of Art</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sponsored by Smith and <a href="/wiki/William_Allen_(loyalist)" title="William Allen (loyalist)">William Allen</a>, then reputed to be the wealthiest man in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, West traveled to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> in 1760 in the company of the Scot William Patoun, a painter who later became an art collector. In common with many artists, architects, and lovers of the fine arts at that time he conducted a <a href="/wiki/Grand_Tour" title="Grand Tour">Grand Tour</a>. West expanded his repertoire by copying works of Italian painters such as <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raffaello_Santi" class="mw-redirect" title="Raffaello Santi">Raphael</a> direct from the originals. In Rome he met a number of international <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">neo-classical</a> artists including German-born <a href="/wiki/Anton_Rafael_Mengs" class="mw-redirect" title="Anton Rafael Mengs">Anton Rafael Mengs</a>, Scottish <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Hamilton_(artist)" title="Gavin Hamilton (artist)">Gavin Hamilton</a>, and Austrian <a href="/wiki/Angelica_Kauffman" title="Angelica Kauffman">Angelica Kauffman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="England">England</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Smith_-_Benjamin_West_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/James_Smith_-_Benjamin_West_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-James_Smith_-_Benjamin_West_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/James_Smith_-_Benjamin_West_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-James_Smith_-_Benjamin_West_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/James_Smith_-_Benjamin_West_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-James_Smith_-_Benjamin_West_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3869" data-file-height="4476" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of West from 1770, now housed in the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_(United_States)" title="National Portrait Gallery (United States)">National Portrait Gallery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_by_Gilbert_Stuart_1783-84.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Benjamin_West_by_Gilbert_Stuart_1783-84.jpg/220px-Benjamin_West_by_Gilbert_Stuart_1783-84.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Benjamin_West_by_Gilbert_Stuart_1783-84.jpg/330px-Benjamin_West_by_Gilbert_Stuart_1783-84.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Benjamin_West_by_Gilbert_Stuart_1783-84.jpg/440px-Benjamin_West_by_Gilbert_Stuart_1783-84.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="901" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Benjamin_West_(Stuart)" title="Portrait of Benjamin West (Stuart)">Portrait of Benjamin West</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Stuart" title="Gilbert Stuart">Gilbert Stuart</a>, 1785</figcaption></figure> <p>In August 1763, West arrived in England,<sup id="cite_ref-galt1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galt1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on what he initially intended as a visit on his way back to America.<sup id="cite_ref-galt1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galt1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, he never returned to America. He stayed for a month at Bath with William Allen, who was also in the country, and visited his half-brother Thomas West at <a href="/wiki/Reading,_Berkshire" title="Reading, Berkshire">Reading</a> at the urging of his father. In London he was introduced to <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilson_(painter)" title="Richard Wilson (painter)">Richard Wilson</a> and his student <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He moved into a house in Bedford Street, <a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a>. The first picture he painted in England, <i>Angelica and Medora</i>, along with a portrait of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Monckton" title="Robert Monckton">General Robert Monckton</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his <i>Cymon and Iphigenia</i>, painted in Rome, were shown at the exhibition in Spring Gardens in 1764. </p><p>In 1765, he married Elizabeth Shewell, an American he engaged in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, at <a href="/wiki/St_Martin-in-the-Fields" title="St Martin-in-the-Fields">St Martin-in-the-Fields</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cyclo_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cyclo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/William_Markham_(bishop)" title="William Markham (bishop)">Dr Markham</a>, then Headmaster of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster School</a>, introduced West to <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Edmund Burke</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newton" title="Thomas Newton">Thomas Newton, Bishop of Bristol</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Johnson_(Bishop_of_Worcester)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Johnson (Bishop of Worcester)">James Johnson, Bishop of Worcester</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hay_Drummond" title="Robert Hay Drummond">Robert Hay Drummond</a>, Archbishop of York. All three prelates commissioned work from him.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1766 West proposed a scheme to decorate <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a> with paintings. It was rejected by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Terrick" title="Richard Terrick">the Bishop of London</a>, but his idea of painting an altarpiece for <a href="/wiki/St_Stephen_Walbrook" title="St Stephen Walbrook">St Stephen Walbrook</a> was accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-galt15_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galt15-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At around this time he also received acclaim for his classical subjects, such as <i>Orestes and Pylades</i> and <i>The Continence of Scipio</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-galt15_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-galt15-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>West was known in England as the "American Raphael". His Raphaelesque painting of <i>Archangel Michael Binding the Devil</i> is in the collection of <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said that "Art is the representation of human beauty, ideally perfect in design, graceful and noble in attitude."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Royal_patronage">Royal patronage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Royal patronage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Drummond tried to raise subscriptions to fund an annuity for West, so that he could give up portraiture and devote himself entirely to more ambitious compositions. Having failed in this, he tried—with greater success—to convince King George III to patronise West.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> West was soon on good terms with the king, and the two men conducted long discussions on the state of art in England, including the idea of the establishment of a Royal Academy.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The academy came into being in 1768, with West one of the primary leaders of an opposition group formed out of the existing <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Artists_of_Great_Britain" title="Society of Artists of Great Britain">Society of Artists of Great Britain</a>; Joshua Reynolds was its first president. In the same year, he was elected to membership in the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a story related by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Angelo" title="Henry Angelo">Henry Angelo</a> I (1756–1835) in his book of reminiscences, the actor <a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a>, who was a friend of Angelo's father, the Italian sword master <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Angelo" title="Domenico Angelo">Domenico Angelo</a>, memorably sketched for the teenaged Henry the following exchange: one day the painter <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Zuccarelli" title="Francesco Zuccarelli">Francesco Zuccarelli</a>, on one of his visits to Domenico, got into a dispute with his fellow royal academician <a href="/wiki/Johan_Zoffany" title="Johan Zoffany">Johan Zoffany</a> about the merit of West's 1769 painting <i><a href="/wiki/The_Departure_of_Regulus" title="The Departure of Regulus">The Departure of Regulus</a></i>, his first commission for the king. Zuccarelli exclaimed, "Here is a painter who promises to rival <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Poussin" title="Nicolas Poussin">Nicolas Poussin</a>", while Zoffany tauntingly replied, "A figo for Poussin, West has already beaten him out of the field."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1772, King George appointed him historical painter to the court<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at an annual fee of £1,000.<sup id="cite_ref-cyclo_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cyclo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He painted a series of eight large canvases showing episodes from the life of <a href="/wiki/Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Edward III</a> for St George's Hall at <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and proposed a cycle of 36 works on the theme of "the progress of revealed religion" for a chapel at the castle, of which 28 were eventually executed.<sup id="cite_ref-cyclo_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cyclo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest group of paintings (seven) from the series is currently in Greenville, SC.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also painted nine portraits of members of the royal family,<sup id="cite_ref-cyclo_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cyclo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including two of the king himself. He was <a href="/wiki/Surveyor_of_the_King%27s_Pictures" title="Surveyor of the King's Pictures">Surveyor of the King's Pictures</a> from 1791 until his death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Death_of_General_Wolfe"><i>The Death of General Wolfe</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Death of General Wolfe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Benjamin_West_005.jpg/310px-Benjamin_West_005.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Benjamin_West_005.jpg/465px-Benjamin_West_005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Benjamin_West_005.jpg/620px-Benjamin_West_005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_General_Wolfe" title="The Death of General Wolfe">The Death of General Wolfe</a></i>, 1770</figcaption></figure> <p>West painted his most famous, and possibly most influential painting, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_General_Wolfe" title="The Death of General Wolfe">The Death of General Wolfe</a></i>, in 1770 and it exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1771. The painting became one of the most frequently reproduced images of the period. It returned to the <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a> setting of his <i><a href="/wiki/General_Johnson_Saving_a_Wounded_French_Officer_from_the_Tomahawk_of_a_North_American_Indian" title="General Johnson Saving a Wounded French Officer from the Tomahawk of a North American Indian">General Johnson Saving a Wounded French Officer from the Tomahawk of a North American Indian</a></i> of 1768. When the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> broke out in 1775 he remained ambivalent, and neither spoke out for or against the Revolutionary War in his land of birth. </p><p>West became known for his large scale <a href="/wiki/History_painting" title="History painting">history paintings</a>, which use expressive figures, colours and compositional schemes to help the spectator to identify with the scene represented. West called this "<a href="/wiki/Epic_(genre)" title="Epic (genre)">epic</a> representation". His 1778 work <i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_the_Boyne_(painting)" title="The Battle of the Boyne (painting)">The Battle of the Boyne</a></i> portrayed <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William of Orange</a>'s victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Boyne" title="Battle of the Boyne">Battle of the Boyne</a> in 1690, and strongly influenced subsequent images of William. In 1806 he produced <i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Nelson_(West_painting)" title="The Death of Nelson (West painting)">The Death of Nelson</a></i>, to commemorate <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Horatio Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a>'s death at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Battle of Trafalgar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_religious_painting">Later religious painting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Later religious painting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Church,_Birmingham" title="St Paul's Church, Birmingham">St Paul's Church</a>, in the Jewellery Quarter, Birmingham, has an important enamelled <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> east window made in 1791 by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Eginton" title="Francis Eginton">Francis Eginton</a>, modelled on an <a href="/wiki/Altarpiece" title="Altarpiece">altarpiece</a> painted <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1786</span> by West, now in the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Museum_of_Art" title="Dallas Museum of Art">Dallas Museum of Art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It shows the <a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Conversion of Paul">Conversion of Paul</a>. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> in 1791.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>West is also well known for his huge work in the Chapel of St Peter and St Paul which now forms part of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Royal_Naval_College" title="Old Royal Naval College">Old Royal Naval College</a> in Greenwich, London. His work, <i>The Preservation of St Paul after a Shipwreck at Malta</i>, measures 25 by 14 ft (7.6 by 4.3 m) and illustrates the Acts of the Apostles: 27 & 28. West also provided the designs for the other paintings executed by <a href="/wiki/Biagio_Rebecca" title="Biagio Rebecca">Biagio Rebecca</a> in the chapel. </p><p>Following a loss of royal patronage at the beginning of the 19th century, West began a series of large-scale religious works. The first, <i>Christ Healing the Sick</i> was originally intended as a gift to <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Hospital" title="Pennsylvania Hospital">Pennsylvania Hospital</a> in Philadelphia; instead he sold it to the British Institution for £3,000, which in turn presented it to the National Gallery.<sup id="cite_ref-cyclo_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cyclo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> West then made a copy to send to Philadelphia. The success of the picture led him to paint a series of even larger works, including his <i><a href="/wiki/Death_on_the_Pale_Horse" title="Death on the Pale Horse">Death on the Pale Horse</a></i>, exhibited in 1817.<sup id="cite_ref-cyclo_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cyclo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Royal_Academy">Royal Academy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Royal Academy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though initially snubbed by Sir Joshua Reynolds, founding President of the Royal Academy, and by some other Academicians who felt he was over-ambitious, West was elected President of the Royal Academy on the death of Reynolds in 1792. During his time as President, he fell victim to the <a href="/wiki/Venetian_secret" title="Venetian secret">Venetian secret</a>, a scandal involving a supposedly secret set of materials and techniques used by Renaissance painters in Venice.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned in 1805, to be replaced by a fierce rival, architect <a href="/wiki/James_Wyatt" title="James Wyatt">James Wyatt</a>. However West was again elected president the following year, and served until his death. In 1810 West was painted by his future successor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lawrence" title="Thomas Lawrence">Thomas Lawrence</a> as President of the Royal Academy and the <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Benjamin_West_(Lawrence)" title="Portrait of Benjamin West (Lawrence)">Portrait of Benjamin West</a></i> was exhibited at the 1811 <a href="/wiki/Summer_Exhibition" class="mw-redirect" title="Summer Exhibition">Summer Exhibition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pupils">Pupils</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pupils"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many American artists studied under him in London, including <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Earl" title="Ralph Earl">Ralph Earl</a> and later his son, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Eleaser_Whiteside_Earl" title="Ralph Eleaser Whiteside Earl">Ralph Eleaser Whiteside Earl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Morse" title="Samuel Morse">Samuel Morse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fulton" title="Robert Fulton">Robert Fulton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Willson_Peale" title="Charles Willson Peale">Charles Willson Peale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt_Peale" title="Rembrandt Peale">Rembrandt Peale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Pratt" title="Matthew Pratt">Matthew Pratt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Stuart" title="Gilbert Stuart">Gilbert Stuart</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Trumbull" title="John Trumbull">John Trumbull</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Lovett_Waldo" title="Samuel Lovett Waldo">Samuel Lovett Waldo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_Allston" title="Washington Allston">Washington Allston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sully" title="Thomas Sully">Thomas Sully</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Green_(painter)" title="John Green (painter)">John Green</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Delanoy" title="Abraham Delanoy">Abraham Delanoy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SaundersMiles1987_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SaundersMiles1987-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>West died at his house in Newman Street in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, on March 11, 1820, and was buried in <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had been offered a <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knighthood</a> by the British Crown, but declined it, believing that he should instead be made a <a href="/wiki/Peerage" title="Peerage">peer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Moncton_Martinique.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Robert Monckton, 1762"><img alt="Robert Monckton, 1762" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Robert_Moncton_Martinique.jpg/216px-Robert_Moncton_Martinique.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Robert_Moncton_Martinique.jpg/324px-Robert_Moncton_Martinique.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Robert_Moncton_Martinique.jpg/432px-Robert_Moncton_Martinique.jpg 2x" data-file-width="965" data-file-height="1340" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Monckton" title="Robert Monckton">Robert Monckton</a></i>, 1762</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 153.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Mary_Hopkinson_-_1926.6.1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mrs Mary (Hopkinson) Morgan, 1764"><img alt="Mrs Mary (Hopkinson) Morgan, 1764" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Benjamin_West_-_Mary_Hopkinson_-_1926.6.1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg/230px-Benjamin_West_-_Mary_Hopkinson_-_1926.6.1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Benjamin_West_-_Mary_Hopkinson_-_1926.6.1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg/345px-Benjamin_West_-_Mary_Hopkinson_-_1926.6.1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Benjamin_West_-_Mary_Hopkinson_-_1926.6.1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg/461px-Benjamin_West_-_Mary_Hopkinson_-_1926.6.1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1075" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Mrs Mary (Hopkinson) Morgan</i>, 1764</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 258.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 256.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pylades and Orestes Brought as Victims before Iphigenia, 1766"><img alt="Pylades and Orestes Brought as Victims before Iphigenia, 1766" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/385px-Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="257" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/578px-Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/770px-Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3464" data-file-height="2699" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a> Brought as Victims before <a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a></i>, 1766</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 296px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 294px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicu_-_1947.16_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Agrippina Landing at Brundisium, 1768"><img alt="Agrippina Landing at Brundisium, 1768" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Benjamin_West_-_Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicu_-_1947.16_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery.jpg/441px-Benjamin_West_-_Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicu_-_1947.16_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Benjamin_West_-_Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicu_-_1947.16_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery.jpg/661px-Benjamin_West_-_Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicu_-_1947.16_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Benjamin_West_-_Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicu_-_1947.16_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery.jpg/881px-Benjamin_West_-_Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicu_-_1947.16_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1308" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus" title="Agrippina Landing at Brundisium with the Ashes of Germanicus">Agrippina Landing at Brundisium</a></i>, 1768</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Cleombrotus_Ordered_into_Banishment_by_Leonidas_II,_King_of_Sparta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cleombrotus Ordered into Banishment by Leonidas II, King of Sparta, 1768"><img alt="Cleombrotus Ordered into Banishment by Leonidas II, King of Sparta, 1768" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Benjamin_West_-_Cleombrotus_Ordered_into_Banishment_by_Leonidas_II%2C_King_of_Sparta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/399px-Benjamin_West_-_Cleombrotus_Ordered_into_Banishment_by_Leonidas_II%2C_King_of_Sparta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Benjamin_West_-_Cleombrotus_Ordered_into_Banishment_by_Leonidas_II%2C_King_of_Sparta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/598px-Benjamin_West_-_Cleombrotus_Ordered_into_Banishment_by_Leonidas_II%2C_King_of_Sparta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Benjamin_West_-_Cleombrotus_Ordered_into_Banishment_by_Leonidas_II%2C_King_of_Sparta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/798px-Benjamin_West_-_Cleombrotus_Ordered_into_Banishment_by_Leonidas_II%2C_King_of_Sparta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6986" data-file-height="5257" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Cleombrotus Ordered into Banishment by Leonidas II, King of Sparta</i>, 1768</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 274.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 272.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_The_Departure_of_Regulus_-_RCIN_405416_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Departure of Regulus, 1769"><img alt="The Departure of Regulus, 1769" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Departure_of_Regulus_-_RCIN_405416_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/409px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Departure_of_Regulus_-_RCIN_405416_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="273" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Departure_of_Regulus_-_RCIN_405416_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/613px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Departure_of_Regulus_-_RCIN_405416_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Departure_of_Regulus_-_RCIN_405416_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/817px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Departure_of_Regulus_-_RCIN_405416_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2247" data-file-height="1650" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Departure_of_Regulus" title="The Departure of Regulus">The Departure of Regulus</a></i>, 1769</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 279.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 277.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_The_Oath_of_Hannibal_-_RCIN_405417_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Oath of Hannibal, 1770"><img alt="The Oath of Hannibal, 1770" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Oath_of_Hannibal_-_RCIN_405417_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/416px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Oath_of_Hannibal_-_RCIN_405417_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="278" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Oath_of_Hannibal_-_RCIN_405417_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/624px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Oath_of_Hannibal_-_RCIN_405417_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Oath_of_Hannibal_-_RCIN_405417_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/831px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Oath_of_Hannibal_-_RCIN_405417_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1624" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Oath of Hannibal</i>, 1770</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 289.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 287.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Penn's Treaty with the Indians, 1772"><img alt="Penn's Treaty with the Indians, 1772" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg/431px-Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg/647px-Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg/863px-Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Penn%27s_Treaty_with_the_Indians" title="Penn's Treaty with the Indians">Penn's Treaty with the Indians</a></i>, 1772</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 161.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 159.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_The_Death_of_Chevalier_Bayard_-_RCIN_407525_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Death of Chevalier Bayard, 1772"><img alt="The Death of Chevalier Bayard, 1772" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Death_of_Chevalier_Bayard_-_RCIN_407525_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/239px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Death_of_Chevalier_Bayard_-_RCIN_407525_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Death_of_Chevalier_Bayard_-_RCIN_407525_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/358px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Death_of_Chevalier_Bayard_-_RCIN_407525_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Death_of_Chevalier_Bayard_-_RCIN_407525_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/478px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Death_of_Chevalier_Bayard_-_RCIN_407525_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Death of Chevalier Bayard</i>, 1772</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 269.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 267.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_The_Wife_of_Arminius_brought_captive_to_Germanicus_-_RCIN_405683_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Wife of Arminius Brought Captive to Germanicus, 1773"><img alt="The Wife of Arminius Brought Captive to Germanicus, 1773" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Wife_of_Arminius_brought_captive_to_Germanicus_-_RCIN_405683_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/401px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Wife_of_Arminius_brought_captive_to_Germanicus_-_RCIN_405683_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Wife_of_Arminius_brought_captive_to_Germanicus_-_RCIN_405683_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/601px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Wife_of_Arminius_brought_captive_to_Germanicus_-_RCIN_405683_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Wife_of_Arminius_brought_captive_to_Germanicus_-_RCIN_405683_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/801px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Wife_of_Arminius_brought_captive_to_Germanicus_-_RCIN_405683_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Wife of Arminius Brought Captive to Germanicus</i>, 1773</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 250.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 248.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Isaac%27s_servant_tying_the_bracelet_on_Rebecca%27s_arm_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Isaac's Servant Tying the Bracelet on Rebecca's Arm, 1775"><img alt="Isaac's Servant Tying the Bracelet on Rebecca's Arm, 1775" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Benjamin_West_-_Isaac%27s_servant_tying_the_bracelet_on_Rebecca%27s_arm_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/373px-Benjamin_West_-_Isaac%27s_servant_tying_the_bracelet_on_Rebecca%27s_arm_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="249" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Benjamin_West_-_Isaac%27s_servant_tying_the_bracelet_on_Rebecca%27s_arm_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/560px-Benjamin_West_-_Isaac%27s_servant_tying_the_bracelet_on_Rebecca%27s_arm_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Benjamin_West_-_Isaac%27s_servant_tying_the_bracelet_on_Rebecca%27s_arm_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/747px-Benjamin_West_-_Isaac%27s_servant_tying_the_bracelet_on_Rebecca%27s_arm_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6384" data-file-height="5130" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Isaac's Servant Tying the Bracelet on Rebecca's Arm</i>, 1775</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 252.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1777,_West,_Benjamin,_Two_Officers_and_a_Groom_in_a_Landscape.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Two Officers and a Groom in a Landscape, 1777, Princeton University Art Museum"><img alt="Two Officers and a Groom in a Landscape, 1777, Princeton University Art Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1777%2C_West%2C_Benjamin%2C_Two_Officers_and_a_Groom_in_a_Landscape.jpg/376px-1777%2C_West%2C_Benjamin%2C_Two_Officers_and_a_Groom_in_a_Landscape.jpg" decoding="async" width="251" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1777%2C_West%2C_Benjamin%2C_Two_Officers_and_a_Groom_in_a_Landscape.jpg/564px-1777%2C_West%2C_Benjamin%2C_Two_Officers_and_a_Groom_in_a_Landscape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1777%2C_West%2C_Benjamin%2C_Two_Officers_and_a_Groom_in_a_Landscape.jpg/752px-1777%2C_West%2C_Benjamin%2C_Two_Officers_and_a_Groom_in_a_Landscape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1596" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Two Officers and a Groom in a Landscape</i>, 1777, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Art_Museum" title="Princeton University Art Museum">Princeton University Art Museum</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 284px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 282px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West,_The_Battle_of_La_Hogue,_c._1778,_NGA_45885.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Battle of La Hogue, c. 1778, National Gallery of Art"><img alt="The Battle of La Hogue, c. 1778, National Gallery of Art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Benjamin_West%2C_The_Battle_of_La_Hogue%2C_c._1778%2C_NGA_45885.jpg/423px-Benjamin_West%2C_The_Battle_of_La_Hogue%2C_c._1778%2C_NGA_45885.jpg" decoding="async" width="282" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Benjamin_West%2C_The_Battle_of_La_Hogue%2C_c._1778%2C_NGA_45885.jpg/634px-Benjamin_West%2C_The_Battle_of_La_Hogue%2C_c._1778%2C_NGA_45885.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Benjamin_West%2C_The_Battle_of_La_Hogue%2C_c._1778%2C_NGA_45885.jpg/845px-Benjamin_West%2C_The_Battle_of_La_Hogue%2C_c._1778%2C_NGA_45885.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2840" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_La_Hogue" title="The Battle of La Hogue">The Battle of La Hogue</a></i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1778</span>, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 258px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Chatham_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Death of Chatham, 1778"><img alt="The Death of Chatham, 1778" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Chatham_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/387px-Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Chatham_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Chatham_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/581px-Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Chatham_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Chatham_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/775px-Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Chatham_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6754" data-file-height="5232" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Death of Chatham</i>, 1778</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 259.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 257.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Treaty_of_Paris_by_Benjamin_West_1783.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Treaty of Paris depicts the American delegation at the 1783 Treaty of Paris. The British delegation refused to pose, and the painting was never completed, c. 1783-84."><img alt="Treaty of Paris depicts the American delegation at the 1783 Treaty of Paris. The British delegation refused to pose, and the painting was never completed, c. 1783-84." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Treaty_of_Paris_by_Benjamin_West_1783.jpg/386px-Treaty_of_Paris_by_Benjamin_West_1783.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Treaty_of_Paris_by_Benjamin_West_1783.jpg/580px-Treaty_of_Paris_by_Benjamin_West_1783.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Treaty_of_Paris_by_Benjamin_West_1783.jpg/773px-Treaty_of_Paris_by_Benjamin_West_1783.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="932" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(painting)" title="Treaty of Paris (painting)">Treaty of Paris</a></i> depicts the American delegation at the 1783 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris</a>. The British delegation refused to pose, and the painting was never completed, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1783-84</span>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 158.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_George_III_-_1952.17_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tiff" class="mw-file-description" title="Portrait of George III, 1783"><img alt="Portrait of George III, 1783" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Benjamin_West_-_George_III_-_1952.17_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tiff/lossy-page1-238px-Benjamin_West_-_George_III_-_1952.17_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tiff.jpg" decoding="async" width="159" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Benjamin_West_-_George_III_-_1952.17_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tiff/lossy-page1-358px-Benjamin_West_-_George_III_-_1952.17_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Benjamin_West_-_George_III_-_1952.17_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tiff/lossy-page1-477px-Benjamin_West_-_George_III_-_1952.17_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="4831" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a></i>, 1783</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 153.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dr_Richard_Price,_DD,_FRS_-_Benjamin_West.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Welsh moral philosopher Richard Price, 1784"><img alt="Welsh moral philosopher Richard Price, 1784" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Dr_Richard_Price%2C_DD%2C_FRS_-_Benjamin_West.jpg/230px-Dr_Richard_Price%2C_DD%2C_FRS_-_Benjamin_West.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Dr_Richard_Price%2C_DD%2C_FRS_-_Benjamin_West.jpg/345px-Dr_Richard_Price%2C_DD%2C_FRS_-_Benjamin_West.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Dr_Richard_Price%2C_DD%2C_FRS_-_Benjamin_West.jpg/460px-Dr_Richard_Price%2C_DD%2C_FRS_-_Benjamin_West.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2268" data-file-height="2958" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Welsh moral philosopher <a href="/wiki/Richard_Price" title="Richard Price">Richard Price</a>, 1784</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 283.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 281.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Alexander_III_of_Scotland_Rescued_from_the_Fury_of_a_Stag_by_the_Intrepidity_of_Colin_Fitzgerald_(%27The_Death_of_the_Stag%27)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Death of a Stag or Alexander III of Scotland Rescued from the Fury of a Stag by the Intrepidity of Colin Fitzgerald, 1786"><img alt="Death of a Stag or Alexander III of Scotland Rescued from the Fury of a Stag by the Intrepidity of Colin Fitzgerald, 1786" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Benjamin_West_-_Alexander_III_of_Scotland_Rescued_from_the_Fury_of_a_Stag_by_the_Intrepidity_of_Colin_Fitzgerald_%28%27The_Death_of_the_Stag%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/422px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="282" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Benjamin_West_-_Alexander_III_of_Scotland_Rescued_from_the_Fury_of_a_Stag_by_the_Intrepidity_of_Colin_Fitzgerald_%28%27The_Death_of_the_Stag%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/633px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Benjamin_West_-_Alexander_III_of_Scotland_Rescued_from_the_Fury_of_a_Stag_by_the_Intrepidity_of_Colin_Fitzgerald_%28%27The_Death_of_the_Stag%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/845px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4001" data-file-height="2843" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Death of a Stag</i> or <i>Alexander III of Scotland Rescued from the Fury of a Stag by the Intrepidity of Colin Fitzgerald</i>, 1786</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 314.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 312.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_The_Institution_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter_-_RCIN_407521_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Institution of the Order of the Garter, 1787"><img alt="The Institution of the Order of the Garter, 1787" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Institution_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter_-_RCIN_407521_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/469px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Institution_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter_-_RCIN_407521_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="313" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Institution_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter_-_RCIN_407521_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/703px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Institution_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter_-_RCIN_407521_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Institution_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter_-_RCIN_407521_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/938px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_The_Institution_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter_-_RCIN_407521_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Institution of the Order of the Garter</i>, 1787</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_King_Lear_Act_III_scene_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Lear, 1788"><img alt="King Lear, 1788" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Benjamin_West_King_Lear_Act_III_scene_4.jpg/399px-Benjamin_West_King_Lear_Act_III_scene_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Benjamin_West_King_Lear_Act_III_scene_4.jpg/598px-Benjamin_West_King_Lear_Act_III_scene_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Benjamin_West_King_Lear_Act_III_scene_4.jpg/797px-Benjamin_West_King_Lear_Act_III_scene_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1205" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a></i>, 1788</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 314.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 312.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_Edward_III_with_the_Black_Prince_after_the_Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy_-_RCIN_407523_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edward III with the Black Prince after the Battle of Crécy, 1788"><img alt="Edward III with the Black Prince after the Battle of Crécy, 1788" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward_III_with_the_Black_Prince_after_the_Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy_-_RCIN_407523_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/469px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward_III_with_the_Black_Prince_after_the_Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy_-_RCIN_407523_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="313" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward_III_with_the_Black_Prince_after_the_Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy_-_RCIN_407523_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/703px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward_III_with_the_Black_Prince_after_the_Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy_-_RCIN_407523_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward_III_with_the_Black_Prince_after_the_Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy_-_RCIN_407523_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/938px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward_III_with_the_Black_Prince_after_the_Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy_-_RCIN_407523_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1564" data-file-height="1001" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Edward III with the Black Prince after the Battle of Crécy</i>, 1788</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 314px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 312px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_Edward,_The_Black_Prince,_receiving_King_John_of_France_after_the_Battle_of_Poitiers_-_RCIN_407522_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edward, The Black Prince, receiving King John of France after the Battle of Poitiers, 1788"><img alt="Edward, The Black Prince, receiving King John of France after the Battle of Poitiers, 1788" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward%2C_The_Black_Prince%2C_receiving_King_John_of_France_after_the_Battle_of_Poitiers_-_RCIN_407522_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/468px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward%2C_The_Black_Prince%2C_receiving_King_John_of_France_after_the_Battle_of_Poitiers_-_RCIN_407522_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="312" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward%2C_The_Black_Prince%2C_receiving_King_John_of_France_after_the_Battle_of_Poitiers_-_RCIN_407522_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/702px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward%2C_The_Black_Prince%2C_receiving_King_John_of_France_after_the_Battle_of_Poitiers_-_RCIN_407522_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward%2C_The_Black_Prince%2C_receiving_King_John_of_France_after_the_Battle_of_Poitiers_-_RCIN_407522_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/936px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Edward%2C_The_Black_Prince%2C_receiving_King_John_of_France_after_the_Battle_of_Poitiers_-_RCIN_407522_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="962" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Edward, The Black Prince, receiving King John of France after the Battle of Poitiers</i>, 1788</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 219.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 217.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme_-_WGA25552.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edward III Crossing the Somme, 1788"><img alt="Edward III Crossing the Somme, 1788" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Benjamin_West_-_Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme_-_WGA25552.jpg/326px-Benjamin_West_-_Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme_-_WGA25552.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Benjamin_West_-_Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme_-_WGA25552.jpg/489px-Benjamin_West_-_Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme_-_WGA25552.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Benjamin_West_-_Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme_-_WGA25552.jpg/652px-Benjamin_West_-_Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme_-_WGA25552.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="951" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme" title="Edward III Crossing the Somme">Edward III Crossing the Somme</a></i>, 1788</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 316px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 314px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_(1738-1820)_-_Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross_-_RCIN_404926_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Philippa at the Battle of Neville's Cross, 1789"><img alt="Queen Philippa at the Battle of Neville's Cross, 1789" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross_-_RCIN_404926_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/471px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross_-_RCIN_404926_-_Royal_Collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="314" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross_-_RCIN_404926_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/707px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross_-_RCIN_404926_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross_-_RCIN_404926_-_Royal_Collection.jpg/943px-Benjamin_West_%281738-1820%29_-_Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross_-_RCIN_404926_-_Royal_Collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="652" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross" title="Queen Philippa at the Battle of Neville's Cross">Queen Philippa at the Battle of Neville's Cross</a></i>, 1789</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 308.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 306.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Burghers_of_Calais_1789_Benjamin_West.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Burghers of Calais, 1789"><img alt="The Burghers of Calais, 1789" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/The_Burghers_of_Calais_1789_Benjamin_West.jpg/460px-The_Burghers_of_Calais_1789_Benjamin_West.jpg" decoding="async" width="307" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/The_Burghers_of_Calais_1789_Benjamin_West.jpg/690px-The_Burghers_of_Calais_1789_Benjamin_West.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/The_Burghers_of_Calais_1789_Benjamin_West.jpg/920px-The_Burghers_of_Calais_1789_Benjamin_West.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Burghers of Calais</i>, 1789</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 250.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 248.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Lear_and_Cordelia_(West,_1793).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Lear and Cordelia, 1793"><img alt="King Lear and Cordelia, 1793" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/King_Lear_and_Cordelia_%28West%2C_1793%29.jpg/373px-King_Lear_and_Cordelia_%28West%2C_1793%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="249" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/King_Lear_and_Cordelia_%28West%2C_1793%29.jpg/560px-King_Lear_and_Cordelia_%28West%2C_1793%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/King_Lear_and_Cordelia_%28West%2C_1793%29.jpg/746px-King_Lear_and_Cordelia_%28West%2C_1793%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1235" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>King Lear and Cordelia</i>, 1793</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 283.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Gentlemen_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gentlemen Fishing, 1794"><img alt="Gentlemen Fishing, 1794" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Benjamin_West_-_Gentlemen_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/425px-Benjamin_West_-_Gentlemen_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="284" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Benjamin_West_-_Gentlemen_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/638px-Benjamin_West_-_Gentlemen_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Benjamin_West_-_Gentlemen_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/850px-Benjamin_West_-_Gentlemen_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4686" data-file-height="3308" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Gentlemen Fishing</i>, 1794</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 258.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 256.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:West,_Benjamin_-_Woodcutters_in_Windsor_Park_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Woodcutters in Windsor Park, 1795"><img alt="Woodcutters in Windsor Park, 1795" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/West%2C_Benjamin_-_Woodcutters_in_Windsor_Park_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/385px-West%2C_Benjamin_-_Woodcutters_in_Windsor_Park_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="257" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/West%2C_Benjamin_-_Woodcutters_in_Windsor_Park_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/578px-West%2C_Benjamin_-_Woodcutters_in_Windsor_Park_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/West%2C_Benjamin_-_Woodcutters_in_Windsor_Park_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/770px-West%2C_Benjamin_-_Woodcutters_in_Windsor_Park_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5761" data-file-height="4488" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i> Woodcutters in Windsor Park</i>, 1795</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 280px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 278px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Harvesting_at_Windsor_by_Benjamin_West,_PRA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Harvesting at Windsor, 1795"><img alt="Harvesting at Windsor, 1795" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Harvesting_at_Windsor_by_Benjamin_West%2C_PRA.jpg/417px-Harvesting_at_Windsor_by_Benjamin_West%2C_PRA.jpg" decoding="async" width="278" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Harvesting_at_Windsor_by_Benjamin_West%2C_PRA.jpg/626px-Harvesting_at_Windsor_by_Benjamin_West%2C_PRA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Harvesting_at_Windsor_by_Benjamin_West%2C_PRA.jpg/834px-Harvesting_at_Windsor_by_Benjamin_West%2C_PRA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1842" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Harvesting at Windsor</i>, 1795</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 295.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 293.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Joshua_passing_the_River_Jordan_with_the_Ark_of_the_Covenant_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joshua passing the River Jordan with the Ark of the Covenant, 1800"><img alt="Joshua passing the River Jordan with the Ark of the Covenant, 1800" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Benjamin_West_-_Joshua_passing_the_River_Jordan_with_the_Ark_of_the_Covenant_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Benjamin_West_-_Joshua_passing_the_River_Jordan_with_the_Ark_of_the_Covenant_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Benjamin_West_-_Joshua_passing_the_River_Jordan_with_the_Ark_of_the_Covenant_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/660px-Benjamin_West_-_Joshua_passing_the_River_Jordan_with_the_Ark_of_the_Covenant_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Benjamin_West_-_Joshua_passing_the_River_Jordan_with_the_Ark_of_the_Covenant_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/880px-Benjamin_West_-_Joshua_passing_the_River_Jordan_with_the_Ark_of_the_Covenant_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5001" data-file-height="3409" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Joshua passing the River Jordan with the Ark of the Covenant</i>, 1800</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 295.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 293.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Milkmaids_in_St._James%27s_Park,_Westminster_Abbey_Beyond_-_B2014.2_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Milkmaids in St. James's Park, 1801"><img alt="Milkmaids in St. James's Park, 1801" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Benjamin_West_-_Milkmaids_in_St._James%27s_Park%2C_Westminster_Abbey_Beyond_-_B2014.2_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg/440px-Benjamin_West_-_Milkmaids_in_St._James%27s_Park%2C_Westminster_Abbey_Beyond_-_B2014.2_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="294" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Benjamin_West_-_Milkmaids_in_St._James%27s_Park%2C_Westminster_Abbey_Beyond_-_B2014.2_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg/659px-Benjamin_West_-_Milkmaids_in_St._James%27s_Park%2C_Westminster_Abbey_Beyond_-_B2014.2_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Benjamin_West_-_Milkmaids_in_St._James%27s_Park%2C_Westminster_Abbey_Beyond_-_B2014.2_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg/879px-Benjamin_West_-_Milkmaids_in_St._James%27s_Park%2C_Westminster_Abbey_Beyond_-_B2014.2_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7421" data-file-height="5066" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Milkmaids in St. James's Park</i>, 1801</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 158px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 156px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Fulton,_1806,_London,_England,_painted_by_Benjamin_West,_American,_1738-1820_Fenimore_Art_Museum,_Cooperstown,_N.Y._N0218.1961.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portrait of Robert Fulton, 1806"><img alt="Portrait of Robert Fulton, 1806" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Robert_Fulton%2C_1806%2C_London%2C_England%2C_painted_by_Benjamin_West%2C_American%2C_1738-1820_Fenimore_Art_Museum%2C_Cooperstown%2C_N.Y._N0218.1961.jpg/234px-Robert_Fulton%2C_1806%2C_London%2C_England%2C_painted_by_Benjamin_West%2C_American%2C_1738-1820_Fenimore_Art_Museum%2C_Cooperstown%2C_N.Y._N0218.1961.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Robert_Fulton%2C_1806%2C_London%2C_England%2C_painted_by_Benjamin_West%2C_American%2C_1738-1820_Fenimore_Art_Museum%2C_Cooperstown%2C_N.Y._N0218.1961.jpg/351px-Robert_Fulton%2C_1806%2C_London%2C_England%2C_painted_by_Benjamin_West%2C_American%2C_1738-1820_Fenimore_Art_Museum%2C_Cooperstown%2C_N.Y._N0218.1961.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Robert_Fulton%2C_1806%2C_London%2C_England%2C_painted_by_Benjamin_West%2C_American%2C_1738-1820_Fenimore_Art_Museum%2C_Cooperstown%2C_N.Y._N0218.1961.jpg/467px-Robert_Fulton%2C_1806%2C_London%2C_England%2C_painted_by_Benjamin_West%2C_American%2C_1738-1820_Fenimore_Art_Museum%2C_Cooperstown%2C_N.Y._N0218.1961.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1870" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Robert_Fulton" title="Portrait of Robert Fulton">Portrait of Robert Fulton</a></i>, 1806</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 278.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 276.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Nelson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Death of Nelson, 1806"><img alt="The Death of Nelson, 1806" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Nelson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/415px-Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Nelson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="277" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Nelson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/622px-Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Nelson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Nelson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/829px-Benjamin_West_-_The_Death_of_Nelson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2704" data-file-height="1957" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Nelson_(West_painting)" title="The Death of Nelson (West painting)">The Death of Nelson</a></i>, 1806</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 211.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 209.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Cupid_and_Psyche_-_2010.44_-_Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cupid and Psyche, 1808"><img alt="Cupid and Psyche, 1808" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Benjamin_West_-_Cupid_and_Psyche_-_2010.44_-_Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art.jpg/314px-Benjamin_West_-_Cupid_and_Psyche_-_2010.44_-_Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Benjamin_West_-_Cupid_and_Psyche_-_2010.44_-_Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art.jpg/471px-Benjamin_West_-_Cupid_and_Psyche_-_2010.44_-_Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Benjamin_West_-_Cupid_and_Psyche_-_2010.44_-_Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art.jpg/629px-Benjamin_West_-_Cupid_and_Psyche_-_2010.44_-_Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1031" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche" title="Cupid and Psyche">Cupid and Psyche</a></i>, 1808</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 229.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 227.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_west_omnia_vincit_amor_1809.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omnia Vincit Amor, 1809"><img alt="Omnia Vincit Amor, 1809" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Benjamin_west_omnia_vincit_amor_1809.jpg/341px-Benjamin_west_omnia_vincit_amor_1809.jpg" decoding="async" width="228" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Benjamin_west_omnia_vincit_amor_1809.jpg/511px-Benjamin_west_omnia_vincit_amor_1809.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Benjamin_west_omnia_vincit_amor_1809.jpg/681px-Benjamin_west_omnia_vincit_amor_1809.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1762" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Omnia Vincit Amor</i>, 1809</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 256px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 254px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783, c. 1783-1811, engraving by Henry Moses of the now-lost original"><img alt="Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783, c. 1783-1811, engraving by Henry Moses of the now-lost original" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists.jpg/381px-Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists.jpg/571px-Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists.jpg/761px-Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1017" data-file-height="802" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists_by_Great_Britain_in_the_Year_1783" title="Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783">Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783</a></i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1783-1811</span>, engraving by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Moses_(engraver)" title="Henry Moses (engraver)">Henry Moses</a> of the now-lost original</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 282px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_John_Eardley_Wilmot_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Eardley Wilmot, 1812, with a replica of the Reception of the American Loyalists in the background"><img alt="John Eardley Wilmot, 1812, with a replica of the Reception of the American Loyalists in the background" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Benjamin_West_-_John_Eardley_Wilmot_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/420px-Benjamin_West_-_John_Eardley_Wilmot_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Benjamin_West_-_John_Eardley_Wilmot_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/629px-Benjamin_West_-_John_Eardley_Wilmot_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Benjamin_West_-_John_Eardley_Wilmot_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/839px-Benjamin_West_-_John_Eardley_Wilmot_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4612" data-file-height="3299" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/John_Eardley_Wilmot" title="John Eardley Wilmot">John Eardley Wilmot</a></i>, 1812, with a replica of the <i>Reception of the American Loyalists</i> in the background</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 283.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shah_%27Alam_conveying_the_grant_of_the_Diwani_to_Lord_Clive.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The signing of the Treaty of Allahabad, 1765, between the British Governor of Bengal Robert Clive and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam, 1818, British Museum"><img alt="The signing of the Treaty of Allahabad, 1765, between the British Governor of Bengal Robert Clive and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam, 1818, British Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Shah_%27Alam_conveying_the_grant_of_the_Diwani_to_Lord_Clive.jpg/425px-Shah_%27Alam_conveying_the_grant_of_the_Diwani_to_Lord_Clive.jpg" decoding="async" width="284" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Shah_%27Alam_conveying_the_grant_of_the_Diwani_to_Lord_Clive.jpg/637px-Shah_%27Alam_conveying_the_grant_of_the_Diwani_to_Lord_Clive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Shah_%27Alam_conveying_the_grant_of_the_Diwani_to_Lord_Clive.jpg/850px-Shah_%27Alam_conveying_the_grant_of_the_Diwani_to_Lord_Clive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1999" data-file-height="1412" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The signing of the Treaty of Allahabad, 1765, between the British Governor of Bengal Robert Clive and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam</i>, 1818, <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 158px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Self-portrait, 1819"><img alt="Self-portrait, 1819" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Benjamin_West_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/237px-Benjamin_West_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Benjamin_West_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/355px-Benjamin_West_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Benjamin_West_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/474px-Benjamin_West_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3161" data-file-height="4001" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Self-portrait, 1819</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>John Sedley</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/americanpainters00sheriala#page/64/mode/2up">view</a></li> <li><i>Portrait of a Gentleman</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/americanpainters00sheriala#page/66/mode/2up">view</a></li> <li><i>Presentation of the Queen of Sheba at the Court of King Solomon</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/americanpainters00sheriala#page/68/mode/2up">view</a></li> <li><i>The Envoys Returning from the Promised Land</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/americanpainters00sheriala#page/68/mode/2up">view</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAngelo1828" class="citation book cs1">Angelo, Henry (1828). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reminiscencesofh00ange"><i>Reminiscences of Henry Angelo, with memoirs of his late father and friends, including numerous original anecdotes and curious traits of the most celebrated characters that have flourished during the last eighty years</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(Vol. 1)</span>. London: H. Colburn.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reminiscences+of+Henry+Angelo%2C+with+memoirs+of+his+late+father+and+friends%2C+including+numerous+original+anecdotes+and+curious+traits+of+the+most+celebrated+characters+that+have+flourished+during+the+last+eighty+years&rft.place=London&rft.pub=H.+Colburn&rft.date=1828&rft.aulast=Angelo&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freminiscencesofh00ange&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalt1816" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Galt_(novelist)" title="John Galt (novelist)">Galt, John</a> (1816). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/lifestudiesofben00galt#page/n9/mode/2up"><i>The life and studies of Benjamin West ... prior to his arrival in England</i></a>. Philadelphia: Moses Thomas – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+and+studies+of+Benjamin+West+...+prior+to+his+arrival+in+England&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Moses+Thomas&rft.date=1816&rft.aulast=Galt&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Flifestudiesofben00galt%23page%2Fn9%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalt1820" class="citation book cs1">Galt, John (1820). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/lifestudiesandw00galtgoog#page/n8/mode/2up"><i>The Life, Studies, and Works of Benjamin West, Esq., President of the Royal Academy of London</i></a>. T. Cadell and W. Davies – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life%2C+Studies%2C+and+Works+of+Benjamin+West%2C+Esq.%2C+President+of+the+Royal+Academy+of+London&rft.pub=T.+Cadell+and+W.+Davies&rft.date=1820&rft.aulast=Galt&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Flifestudiesandw00galtgoog%23page%2Fn8%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalt1832" class="citation book cs1">Galt, John (1832). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/progressgenius00galtiala#page/n7/mode/2up"><i>The progress of genius : or authentic memoirs of the early life of Benjamin West</i></a>. Boston: Abridged for the use of young persons. Leonard C. Bowles – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+progress+of+genius+%3A+or+authentic+memoirs+of+the+early+life+of+Benjamin+West&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Abridged+for+the+use+of+young+persons.+Leonard+C.+Bowles&rft.date=1832&rft.aulast=Galt&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fprogressgenius00galtiala%23page%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvon_ErffaStaley1986" class="citation book cs1">von Erffa, Helmut; Staley, Allen (1986). <i>The Paintings of Benjamin West</i>. New Haven, Connecticut.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Paintings+of+Benjamin+West&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Connecticut&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=von+Erffa&rft.aufirst=Helmut&rft.au=Staley%2C+Allen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbrams1985" class="citation book cs1">Abrams, Ann Uhry (1985). <i>The Valiant Hero: Benjamin West and Grand-Style History Painting</i>. Washington.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Valiant+Hero%3A+Benjamin+West+and+Grand-Style+History+Painting&rft.place=Washington&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=Ann+Uhry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlexner1952" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Thomas_Flexner" title="James Thomas Flexner">Flexner, James Thomas</a> (1952). "Benjamin West's American Neo-Classicism". <i>New-York Historical Society Quarterly</i>. <b>36</b> (1): 5–41.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Historical+Society+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Benjamin+West%27s+American+Neo-Classicism&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=5-41&rft.date=1952&rft.aulast=Flexner&rft.aufirst=James+Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span> Reprinted in <i>America's Old Masters</i> (New York, 1967), pp. 315–40.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRather2004" class="citation journal cs1">Rather, Susan (June 2004). "Benjamin West, John Galt, and the Biography of 1816". <i>The Art Bulletin</i>. <b>86</b> (2): 324–45. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3177420">10.2307/3177420</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3177420">3177420</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162301706">162301706</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Art+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Benjamin+West%2C+John+Galt%2C+and+the+Biography+of+1816&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=324-45&rft.date=2004-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162301706%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3177420%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3177420&rft.aulast=Rather&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman1919" class="citation book cs1">Sherman, Frederic Fairchild (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/americanpainters00sheriala#page/62/mode/2up"><i>Benjamin West</i></a>. American Painters of Yesterday and Today. New York – via archive.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Benjamin+West&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=American+Painters+of+Yesterday+and+Today&rft.date=1919&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Frederic+Fairchild&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Famericanpainters00sheriala%23page%2F62%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-RAA_A-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RAA_A_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.racollection.org.uk/ixbin/indexplus?record=ART309&_IXFILE_=templates/pages/kiosk/video3.html">"Introducing Benjamin West"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Academy of Art">Royal Academy of Art</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introducing+Benjamin+West&rft.pub=Royal+Academy+of+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.racollection.org.uk%2Fixbin%2Findexplus%3Frecord%3DART309%26_IXFILE_%3Dtemplates%2Fpages%2Fkiosk%2Fvideo3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=624">"Benjamin West"</a>. <i>explorepahistory.com</i>. Explore Pennsylvania.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=explorepahistory.com&rft.atitle=Benjamin+West&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.explorepahistory.com%2Fhmarker.php%3FmarkerId%3D624&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hughes, Robert (1997). <i>American Visions: The Epic History of Art in America</i>. Alfred A. Knopf. p. 70. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-42627-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-679-42627-2">0-679-42627-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeeman1996" class="citation book cs1">Leeman, Richard W., ed. (1996). <i>African-American Orators: A Bio-critical Sourcebook</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jKx4FGf_HAYC&dq=%22My+mother%27s+kiss+made+me+a+painter.%22+harper&pg=PA176">176</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313290145" title="Special:BookSources/9780313290145"><bdi>9780313290145</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=African-American+Orators%3A+A+Bio-critical+Sourcebook&rft.pages=176&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780313290145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaley1989" class="citation book cs1">Staley, Allen (1989). <i>Benjamin West: American Painter at the English Court</i>. Baltimore. p. 28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Benjamin+West%3A+American+Painter+at+the+English+Court&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pages=28&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Staley&rft.aufirst=Allen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span> For more on this painting, see: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordon2008" class="citation journal cs1">Gordon, Scott Paul (2008). "Martial Art: Benjamin West's <i>Death of Socrates</i>, Colonial Politics, and the Puzzles of Patronage". <i><a href="/wiki/William_and_Mary_Quarterly" title="William and Mary Quarterly">William and Mary Quarterly</a></i>. <b>65</b> (1): 65–100.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=William+and+Mary+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Martial+Art%3A+Benjamin+West%27s+Death+of+Socrates%2C+Colonial+Politics%2C+and+the+Puzzles+of+Patronage&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=65-100&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Scott+Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hughes (1997), <i>American Visions</i>, p. 71</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLister,_Raymond1989" class="citation book cs1">Lister, Raymond (1989). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/britishromanticp0000list"><i>British Romantic Painting</i></a></span>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521356879" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521356879"><bdi>978-0521356879</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Romantic+Painting&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0521356879&rft.au=Lister%2C+Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbritishromanticp0000list&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-galt1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-galt1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galt1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Galt, vol. 2, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Galt, vol. 2, p. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/lieutenant-general-the-honourable-robert-monckton-17261782-1762-183060">"Lieutenant-General The Honourable Robert Monckton"</a>. <i>artuk.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=artuk.org&rft.atitle=Lieutenant-General+The+Honourable+Robert+Monckton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartuk.org%2Fdiscover%2Fartworks%2Flieutenant-general-the-honourable-robert-monckton-17261782-1762-183060&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cyclo-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cyclo_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cyclo_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cyclo_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cyclo_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cyclo_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cyclo_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight,_Charles1858" class="citation book cs1">Knight, Charles, ed. (1858). "West, Benjamin". <i>The English Cyclopædia. Biography – Volume VI</i>. London: Bradbury and Evans.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=West%2C+Benjamin&rft.btitle=The+English+Cyclop%C3%A6dia.+Biography+%E2%80%93+Volume+VI&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Bradbury+and+Evans&rft.date=1858&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Galt, vol. 2, pp. 6–7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Galt, vol. 2, p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-galt15-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-galt15_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-galt15_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Galt, p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Now in the collections of the Tate Gallery and the Fitzwilliam Museum respectively</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140511164255/http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/paintings/search/located_at/trinity-college-cambridge-5846_locations">"Trinity College, University of Cambridge"</a>. <i>bbc.co.uk</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Trinity+College%2C+University+of+Cambridge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Farts%2Fyourpaintings%2Fpaintings%2Fsearch%2Flocated_at%2Ftrinity-college-cambridge-5846_locations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShinn1880" class="citation book cs1">Shinn, Earl (1880). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S6tBAAAAYAAJ"><i>The World's Art from the International Exhibition</i></a>. A.W. 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Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1997, 2:193–200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Angelo (1828), pp. 360–61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110910171202/http://www.birminghammuseumstore.org/gutoco.html"><i>Birmingham Museum of Art: Guide to the Collection</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Museum_of_Art" title="Birmingham Museum of Art">Birmingham Museum of Art</a>. London: Giles. 2010. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904832-77-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904832-77-5"><bdi>978-1-904832-77-5</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birminghammuseumstore.org/gutoco.html">the original</a> on September 10, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Birmingham+Museum+of+Art%3A+Guide+to+the+Collection&rft.place=London&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=Giles&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-904832-77-5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.birminghammuseumstore.org%2Fgutoco.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlack2007" class="citation book cs1">Black, Jeremy (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TmVK_LYCXqoC&pg=PA36"><i>Culture in Eighteenth-Century England: A Subject for Taste</i></a>. London: Continuum. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781852855345" title="Special:BookSources/9781852855345"><bdi>9781852855345</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+in+Eighteenth-Century+England%3A+A+Subject+for+Taste&rft.place=London&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781852855345&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTmVK_LYCXqoC%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFwpengine" class="citation web cs1">wpengine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://museumandgallery.org/the-benjamin-west-collection/">"Benjamin West: The Progress of Revealed Religion"</a>. <i>MuseumandGallery.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MuseumandGallery.com&rft.atitle=Benjamin+West%3A+The+Progress+of+Revealed+Religion&rft.au=wpengine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuseumandgallery.org%2Fthe-benjamin-west-collection%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025015356/http://collections.dallasmuseumofart.org/">"Accession number 1990.232"</a>. <i>collections.dallasmuseumofart.org</i>. Dallas Museum of Art. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.dallasmuseumofart.org/">the original</a> on October 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=collections.dallasmuseumofart.org&rft.atitle=Accession+number+1990.232&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcollections.dallasmuseumofart.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121115084050/http://www.saintpaulbrum.org/explore.php">"Features of St Paul's Church"</a>. <i>saintpaulbrum.org</i>. St. Paul's Church. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saintpaulbrum.org/explore.php">the original</a> on November 15, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=saintpaulbrum.org&rft.atitle=Features+of+St+Paul%27s+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saintpaulbrum.org%2Fexplore.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAAS-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AAAS_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterW.pdf">"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter W"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>amacad.org</i>. American Academy of Arts and Sciences<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amacad.org&rft.atitle=Book+of+Members%2C+1780%E2%80%932010%3A+Chapter+W&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fpublications%2FBookofMembers%2FChapterW.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This first version was transferred to the Tate Gallery where it was destroyed in a flood in 1928.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenton" class="citation news cs1">Fenton, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2009/02/26/how-to-paint-like-titian/">"How to Paint Like Titian | James Fenton"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-7504">0028-7504</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=How+to+Paint+Like+Titian+%7C+James+Fenton&rft.issn=0028-7504&rft.aulast=Fenton&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2009%2F02%2F26%2Fhow-to-paint-like-titian%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Levey, Michael. <i>Sir Thomas Lawrence</i>. Yale University Press, 2005. p.168</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findingaid.winterthur.org/html/HTML_Finding_Aids/COL0394.htm">"The Joseph Downs Collection"</a>. <i>winterthur.org</i>. Winterthur Library<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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National Portrait Gallery (Smithsonian Institution). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87474-695-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87474-695-2"><bdi>978-0-87474-695-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+colonial+portraits%2C+1700%E2%80%931776&rft.pub=National+Portrait+Gallery+%28Smithsonian+Institution%29&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-87474-695-2&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=Richard+H.&rft.au=Gross+Miles%2C+Ellen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D45_uAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1909" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Sinclair_(Archdeacon_of_London)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Sinclair (Archdeacon of London)">Sinclair, W.</a> (1909). <i>Memorials of St Paul's Cathedral</i>. London: Chapman & Hall, Ltd. p. 465.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memorials+of+St+Paul%27s+Cathedral&rft.place=London&rft.pages=465&rft.pub=Chapman+%26+Hall%2C+Ltd&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/name/benjamin-west-pra">"Benjamin West PRA (1738 - 1820)"</a>. <i>royalacademy.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 31,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=royalacademy.org.uk&rft.atitle=Benjamin+West+PRA+%281738+-+1820%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalacademy.org.uk%2Fart-artists%2Fname%2Fbenjamin-west-pra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_West&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> has media related to:<br /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West" class="extiw" title="commons:Benjamin West"><span style="font-style:italic; 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Getty Vocabulary Program, <a href="/wiki/Getty_Research_Institute" title="Getty Research Institute">Getty Research Institute</a>. Los Angeles, California.</li> <li>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.hsp.org/collections/manuscripts/w/West3149.html">Benjamin West Drawings Collection</a>, including 33 of his drawings and sketches, is available for research use at the <a href="/wiki/Historical_Society_of_Pennsylvania" title="Historical Society of Pennsylvania">Historical Society of Pennsylvania</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gildedage2.omeka.net/exhibits/show/highlights/artists/west">Documenting the Gilded Age: New York City Exhibitions at the Turn of the 20th Century</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141120203821/http://gildedage2.omeka.net/exhibits/show/highlights/artists/west">Archived</a> November 20, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. A <a href="/wiki/New_York_Art_Resources_Consortium" title="New York Art Resources Consortium">New York Art Resources Consortium</a> project. Annotations and a pencil sketch of a West painting in an exhibition catalog.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/search/actor:west-benjamin-17381820">103 artworks by or after Benjamin West</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Art_UK" title="Art UK">Art UK</a> site</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #99CCFF;">Cultural offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_officers_of_the_Royal_Academy_of_Arts#Presidents_(PRA)" title="List of officers of the Royal Academy of Arts">President of the Royal Academy</a> </b><br />1792–1805 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Wyatt" title="James Wyatt">James Wyatt</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Wyatt" title="James Wyatt">James Wyatt</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_officers_of_the_Royal_Academy_of_Arts#Presidents_(PRA)" title="List of officers of the Royal Academy of Arts">President of the Royal Academy</a> </b><br />1806–1820 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lawrence" title="Thomas Lawrence">Sir Thomas Lawrence</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Benjamin_West" title="Template:Benjamin West"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Benjamin_West" title="Template talk:Benjamin West"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Benjamin_West" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Benjamin West"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Benjamin_West" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benjamin West</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/General_Johnson_Saving_a_Wounded_French_Officer_from_the_Tomahawk_of_a_North_American_Indian" title="General Johnson Saving a Wounded French Officer from the Tomahawk of a North American Indian">General Johnson Saving a Wounded French Officer from the Tomahawk of a North American Indian</a></i> (1764–1768)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agrippina_Landing_at_Brundisium_with_the_Ashes_of_Germanicus" title="Agrippina Landing at Brundisium with the Ashes of Germanicus">Agrippina Landing at Brundisium with the Ashes of Germanicus</a></i> (1768)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Departure_of_Regulus" title="The Departure of Regulus">The Departure of Regulus</a></i> (1769)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_General_Wolfe" title="The Death of General Wolfe">The Death of General Wolfe</a></i> (1770)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Penn%27s_Treaty_with_the_Indians" title="Penn's Treaty with the Indians">Penn's Treaty with the Indians</a></i> (1771–1772)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Colonel_Guy_Johnson_and_Karonghyontye_(Captain_David_Hill)" title="Colonel Guy Johnson and Karonghyontye (Captain David Hill)">Colonel Guy Johnson and Karonghyontye (Captain David Hill)</a></i> (1776)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fidelia_and_Speranza" title="Fidelia and Speranza">Fidelia and Speranza</a></i> (1776)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_the_Boyne_(painting)" title="The Battle of the Boyne (painting)">The Battle of the Boyne</a></i> (1778)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_La_Hogue" title="The Battle of La Hogue">The Battle of La Hogue</a></i> (1778)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(painting)" title="Treaty of Paris (painting)">Treaty of Paris</a></i> (1783)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reception_of_the_American_Loyalists_by_Great_Britain_in_the_Year_1783" title="Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783">Reception of the American Loyalists by Great Britain in the Year 1783</a></i> (1783–1811; lost)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Dr_Richard_Price" title="Portrait of Dr Richard Price">Portrait of Dr Richard Price</a></i> (1784)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edward_III_Crossing_the_Somme" title="Edward III Crossing the Somme">Edward III Crossing the Somme</a></i> (1788)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queen_Philippa_at_the_Battle_of_Neville%27s_Cross" title="Queen Philippa at the Battle of Neville's Cross">Queen Philippa at the Battle of Neville's Cross</a></i> (1789)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_on_the_Pale_Horse" title="Death on the Pale Horse">Death on the Pale Horse</a></i> (1796, 1817)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Nelson_(West_painting)" title="The Death of Nelson (West painting)">The Death of Nelson</a></i> (1806)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Robert_Fulton" title="Portrait of Robert Fulton">Portrait of Robert Fulton</a></i> (1806)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky" title="Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky">Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky</a></i> (c. 1816)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_West_Birthplace" title="Benjamin West Birthplace">Benjamin West Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_Tavern" title="Square Tavern">Square Tavern</a> (boyhood home)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Benjamin_West_(Lawrence)" title="Portrait of Benjamin West (Lawrence)"><i>Portrait of Benjamin West</i> (Lawrence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Benjamin_West_(Stuart)" title="Portrait of Benjamin West (Stuart)"><i>Portrait of Benjamin West</i> (Stuart)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q313498#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q313498#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q313498#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000073581062">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/76585232">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/831/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvhqm7MCq6JFdq3vgjV4q">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118806823">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50003451">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb149582521">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb149582521">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an356007630">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2003192357&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1262458">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/265162">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071872736">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000491998&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/wt7bk7vf37xrns1">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810613495105606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/138741">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007462947805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500026989">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/83787">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/c7df48ee-4480-426d-b593-94258e15f8f0">KulturNav</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/65161">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artist/1545/">Auckland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adk.de/de/akademie/mitglieder/?we_objectID=54026">ADK</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gallery.ca/collection/artist/benjamin-west">National Gallery of Canada</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1010373">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118806823.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118806823">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028676416">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6w66kns">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/14265">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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