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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Clyde Pangborn</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Clyde_Pangborn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/13/Clyde_Pangborn.jpg/220px-Clyde_Pangborn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/13/Clyde_Pangborn.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="335" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1895-10-28</span>)</span>October 28, 1895<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Washington" title="Bridgeport, Washington">Bridgeport, Washington</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 29, 1958<span style="display:none">(1958-03-29)</span> (aged 62)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">5 ft 4 in (163 cm)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Swana Beaucaire</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Max Pangborn<br />Opal Lamb</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Clyde Edward Pangborn</b> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/circa" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:circa"><i>c</i>.</a> October 28, 1895 – March 29, 1958), nicknamed "Upside-Down Pangborn", was an American <a href="/wiki/Aviator" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviator">aviator</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barnstorming" title="Barnstorming">barnstormer</a> who performed aerial stunts in the 1920s for the Gates Flying Circus. He was its half-owner, chief pilot and operating manager, working in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Ivan_R._Gates" title="Ivan R. Gates">Ivan R. Gates</a>. In 1931, Pangborn and co-pilot Hugh Herndon Jr. flew their plane, <i><a href="/wiki/Miss_Veedol" title="Miss Veedol">Miss Veedol</a></i>, on the first non-stop flight across the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-priscilla_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-priscilla-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Clyde Edward Pangborn, son of Max and Opal Lamb Pangborn, was born in <a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Washington" title="Bridgeport, Washington">Bridgeport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Lake_Chelan" title="Lake Chelan">Lake Chelan</a>. His exact birth year is uncertain, because he used 1893, 1894, 1895, and 1896, on various documents, changing his age to appear older or younger as needed. The <a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1900 United States Census">1900 United States Census</a> listed Clyde Pangborn (b. October 1893) and his brother Percy (b. January 1891) living with their mother Ola [sic.] in <a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1910 Clyde (age 16) and Percy (age 19) were boarders with the Alfred Heimark family in St. Maries, Benawah County, Idaho. Census day was April 15; Clyde would not be 17 until October.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "1895" was used on his <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> draft registration in <a href="/wiki/Shoshone,_Idaho" title="Shoshone, Idaho">Shoshone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he was two years old, his parents divorced and he moved to Idaho with his mother. He graduated from high school in 1914 and enrolled in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Idaho" title="University of Idaho">University of Idaho</a>, where he studied <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineering" title="Civil engineering">civil engineering</a> for two and a half years. Pangborn was a first cousin of American composer <a href="/wiki/George_Frederick_McKay" title="George Frederick McKay">George Frederick McKay</a> (1899–1970), who grew up in Spokane, Washington, and used the penname Arthur Pangborn for the lyrics for some of his compositions. </p><p>After college, Pangborn worked briefly as an engineer for a mining company before he joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">Air Service</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. He completed flight training and was subsequently stationed as a <a href="/wiki/Flight_instructor" title="Flight instructor">flight instructor</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ellington_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellington Field">Ellington Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Houston,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston, Texas">Houston, Texas</a>. While teaching <a href="/wiki/Cadet" title="Cadet">cadets</a> how to fly the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss_JN-4" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtiss JN-4">Curtiss JN-4 "Jenny" biplane</a>, Pangborn learned to roll his plane onto its back and fly upside-down for extended periods, which earned him the nickname "Upside-Down Pang".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aviation_career">Aviation career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Aviation career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barnstorming">Barnstorming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Barnstorming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Pangborn took up <a href="/wiki/Barnstorming" title="Barnstorming">barnstorming</a>, exhibition flying, and aerial acrobatics, which he did for the next nine years. He performed as a part of the Gates Flying Circus, which he co-owned with <a href="/wiki/Ivan_R._Gates" title="Ivan R. Gates">Ivan Gates</a>. It performed internationally and made Pangborn famous for changing planes mid-air. Early in his career, he was injured when he fell out of a speeding car as he attempted to jump onto a flying plane; this was his only serious injury during his entire career in flying. He received national fame after assisting in a mid-air rescue of <a href="/wiki/Stuntman" class="mw-redirect" title="Stuntman">stuntwoman</a> Rosalie Gordon, who had become caught on Pangborn's landing gear while demonstrating a parachute jump, in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-priscilla_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-priscilla-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-glory1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glory1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his time in the Flying Circus, Pangborn flew more than 12,500 miles and carried thousands of passengers. It was during this time that he also met Hugh Herndon, who later became his co-pilot in a historic trans-Pacific flight. </p><p>Many who would later be major figures in aviation took their first flights with Pangborn. One among many examples is <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Boyington" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory Boyington">Gregory Boyington</a>, famous World War II ace, who took his first flight with Pangborn at the age of 8 during one of Pangborn's many barnstorming stops. </p><p>The Flying Circus disbanded in 1929, but Pangborn continued flying with several other businesses he owned. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, however, made them all go bankrupt, and as a result, he turned his attention to breaking <a href="/wiki/World_records" class="mw-redirect" title="World records">world records</a> in flight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Failed_attempt_to_circumnavigate_globe">Failed attempt to circumnavigate globe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Failed attempt to circumnavigate globe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1931, Pangborn and Herndon sought to fly around the world and break the current record of 20 days and 4 hours, set by the airship <i><a href="/wiki/LZ_127_Graf_Zeppelin" title="LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin">Graf Zeppelin</a></i> in 1929. Herndon, the son of <a href="/wiki/Standard_Oil" title="Standard Oil">Standard Oil</a> heiress Alice Boardman, asked his mother for the $100,000 to finance the flight.<sup id="cite_ref-avhi_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-avhi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, while they were still planning their flight, the record was broken by <a href="/wiki/Wiley_Post" title="Wiley Post">Wiley Post</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Gatty" title="Harold Gatty">Harold Gatty</a> with a time of 8 days and 15 hours. Pangborn and Herndon attempted the flight anyway, taking off from New York on July 28, 1931 in their red <a href="/wiki/Bellanca_J-300" title="Bellanca J-300">Bellanca J-300</a> Long Distance Special, the <i><a href="/wiki/Miss_Veedol" title="Miss Veedol">Miss Veedol</a></i>, but poor weather conditions forced them to abandon their efforts while they were flying over <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-glory1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glory1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Time_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pair took off just minutes after <a href="/wiki/John_Polando" title="John Polando">John Polando</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russell_Boardman" title="Russell Boardman">Russell Boardman</a>, who went on to successfully fly to <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> three days later.<sup id="cite_ref-TMJ_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TMJ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1931_trans-Pacific_flight">1931 trans-Pacific flight</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1931 trans-Pacific flight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pangborn_and_Herndon_in_Japan_1931.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Pangborn_and_Herndon_in_Japan_1931.jpg/200px-Pangborn_and_Herndon_in_Japan_1931.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Pangborn_and_Herndon_in_Japan_1931.jpg/300px-Pangborn_and_Herndon_in_Japan_1931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Pangborn_and_Herndon_in_Japan_1931.jpg/400px-Pangborn_and_Herndon_in_Japan_1931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="403" data-file-height="652" /></a><figcaption>Pangborn and Herndon in Japan in 1931</figcaption></figure> <p>With their eyes on a $25,000 prize, Pangborn and Herndon next decided to attempt the first nonstop trans-Pacific flight. They flew from Siberia to Japan in preparation. In the spirit of documentation, Herndon took several still pictures and <a href="/wiki/16_mm_film" title="16 mm film">16 mm motion pictures</a>, some of which were of Japan's naval installations. The photography and inadequate documentation to enter the country (which they had not been aware of), resulted in the men being jailed. They were eventually released with a $1,000 fine, but they were allowed only one chance to take off in <i>Miss Veedol</i>; if they returned to Japan, the plane would be confiscated and the men would return to prison. </p><p>Other complications hampered the flight. Pangborn and Herndon's "painstakingly prepared" maps and charts were stolen by the nationalist <a href="/wiki/Black_Dragon_Society" title="Black Dragon Society">Black Dragon Society</a>, who wanted a Japanese pilot flying Japanese equipment to be the first to complete the endeavor.<sup id="cite_ref-avhi_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-avhi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also had extremely precise calculations for their flight, leaving no room for error; <i>Miss Veedol</i> had to be overweighted with fuel, far beyond the manufacturer's recommendation (650 gallons stock was expanded to 915 gallons), and they would have to abandon their landing gear after takeoff to reduce <a href="/wiki/Drag_(physics)" title="Drag (physics)">drag</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-glory1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glory1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pangborn and Herndon finally took off on October 4, 1931, from <a href="/wiki/Sabishiro_Beach" title="Sabishiro Beach">Sabishiro Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Misawa,_Aomori" title="Misawa, Aomori">Misawa, Aomori</a>, Japan. Their destination was <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, Washington, just under 5500 miles<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (8,500 km) away, a distance exceeding <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a>'s flight from New York to Paris by 2,000 miles. Three hours after takeoff, a problem arose: the device intended to jettison the landing gear partially failed. The gear was ejected, but the two root struts remained. Pangborn had to climb out onto the wing supports barefoot at 14,000 feet to remove them.<sup id="cite_ref-glory1_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glory1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, the engine nearly quit as Herndon neglected his responsibility to pump fuel from the fuselage tanks to the wing tanks, which feed the engine. Within a few hours, the upper<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2012)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> tanks again went dry—this time the engine did quit running. Because there was no built-in starter, Pangborn dove the airplane from cruise altitude and pulled out at 1,400 ft (430 m) to get the engine started. </p><p>They almost <a href="/wiki/Controlled_flight_into_terrain" title="Controlled flight into terrain">ran into</a> <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rainier" title="Mount Rainier">Mount Rainier</a> when <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, and Seattle were fogged in and Herndon again had the airplane off course. They decided to fly to Boise, where they could claim the furthest distance record along with the nonstop transpacific. Due to <a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">fog</a> they could not land in Boise, Spokane, or <a href="/wiki/Pasco,_Washington" title="Pasco, Washington">Pasco</a>, Washington, so they turned back to <a href="/wiki/Wenatchee,_Washington" title="Wenatchee, Washington">Wenatchee</a>, Washington.<sup id="cite_ref-glory1_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glory1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They belly landed on a strip cut out of the <a href="/wiki/Sagebrush" title="Sagebrush">sagebrush</a> on Fancher Field near what is now <a href="/wiki/East_Wenatchee,_Washington" title="East Wenatchee, Washington">East Wenatchee</a>. Pangborn's mother, brother, and a reporter from the Japanese newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Asahi_Shimbun" class="mw-redirect" title="Asahi Shimbun">Asahi Shimbun</a></i> had already assumed Wenatchee was their destination and were there waiting for their arrival. The flight from Japan took a total of 41 hours and 13 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-glory1_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glory1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Pangborn-Herndon_Memorial_Site" title="Pangborn-Herndon Memorial Site">Pangborn-Herndon Memorial</a>, dedicated to the historic flight, is located near the landing site, and the propeller damaged from the landing is on display in the <a href="/wiki/Wenatchee_Valley_Museum_and_Cultural_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenatchee Valley Museum and Cultural Center">Wenatchee Valley Museum and Cultural Center</a>. The museum also has half of a sandwich believed to have been carried on the trans-Pacific flight.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The regional airport, <a href="/wiki/Pangborn_Memorial_Airport" title="Pangborn Memorial Airport">Pangborn Memorial</a> (EAT) in East Wenatchee, also honors his accomplishment. </p><p><i>Miss Veedol</i> was trucked to Seattle where she was repaired and the landing gear replaced. Pangborn and Herndon continued to New York to complete their world flight. </p><p>As early as 1935 Pangborn warned of a potential Japanese attack on the United States due to his sighting and analysis of Japanese aviation capabilities, and said that Japanese planes would be capable of reaching Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1934_England-Australia_race">1934 England-Australia race</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1934 England-Australia race"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1934, Pangborn, along with Col. <a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Turner" title="Roscoe Turner">Roscoe Turner</a>, flew a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_247" title="Boeing 247">Boeing 247</a> in the <a href="/wiki/MacRobertson_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="MacRobertson Race">MacRobertson Race</a>. Turner and Pangborn came in second place in the transport section (and third overall), behind the Boeing 247's eventual rival, the new Douglas DC-2. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1936_Moscow_flight">1936 Moscow flight</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1936 Moscow flight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1936 the <a href="/wiki/Vance_Viking" title="Vance Viking">Vance Flying Wing</a> was bought at auction in 1936 for $2,500 by the <a href="/wiki/Mason_Aircraft_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mason Aircraft Corporation">Mason Aircraft Corporation</a>. Pangborn planned on using the aircraft for a <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, to Moscow Flight.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pangborn was detained near the <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvian</a> frontier when he entered the country without a visa. He was released on July 21, 1937 and flew on to <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> after help from New York Congressman <a href="/wiki/William_Sirovich" class="mw-redirect" title="William Sirovich">William Sirovich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to World War II, he had become the Chief Test Pilot for Bellanca Aircraft Corporation in <a href="/wiki/New_Castle,_Delaware" title="New Castle, Delaware">New Castle, Delaware</a>. In 1937, he demonstrated Burnelli Aircraft in England and Europe for <a href="/wiki/Cunliffe-Owen_Aircraft" title="Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft">Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft</a> Company of <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a>, England. He worked for Cunliffe-Owen until the late 1930s testing military aircraft. </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> broke out in Europe in late 1939, Pangborn joined the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> (RAF) and assisted in organizing the <a href="/wiki/RAF_Ferry_Command" title="RAF Ferry Command">RAF Ferry Command</a>. He recruited pilots throughout the United States and Canada for the Ferry Command and Eagle Squadron.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1941 through the end of the war in 1945, Pangborn served as Senior Captain, Royal Air Force Ferry Command during which time he made approximately 170 trans-ocean flights (crossing both the Atlantic and the Pacific). In 1942, he brought the first <a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Lancaster heavy bomber</a> to the United States for tests and later returned with the same aircraft and demonstrated it to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a> and major aircraft builders throughout the United States and Canada. Meanwhile, Pangborn flew almost every type of multi-engine aircraft used during the war. After the <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">US entered the war</a> in December 1941, he served in the US military. </p><p>He was discharged from the RAF in 1946 and continued his career as a commercial pilot. As part of his work, he pioneered commercial flight paths and developed better aircraft. He was instrument-rated to fly any plane, single or multi-engine, land or sea, and had logged more than 24,000 flight hours over his 40 years of piloting. </p><p>Pangborn died in 1958 and was laid to rest with military honors at <a href="/wiki/Arlington_National_Cemetery" title="Arlington National Cemetery">Arlington National Cemetery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His papers are archived at <a href="/wiki/Washington_State_University" title="Washington State University">Washington State University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museumofflight.org/collections/museum-archives">Museum of Flight</a> in Seattle. </p><p>Pangborn was enshrined as a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Aviation_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Aviation Hall of Fame">National Aviation Hall of Fame</a> in 1995. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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.portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clyde_Pangborn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-priscilla-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-priscilla_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-priscilla_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPriscilla_Long2005" class="citation web cs1">Priscilla Long (October 12, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=7495">"Pangborn, Clyde Edward (1894–1958)"</a>. <i>HistoryLink</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HistoryLink&rft.atitle=Pangborn%2C+Clyde+Edward+%281894%E2%80%931958%29&rft.date=2005-10-12&rft.au=Priscilla+Long&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historylink.org%2Findex.cfm%3FDisplayPage%3Doutput.cfm%26file_id%3D7495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClyde+Pangborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roll T623_1751, Enumeration District 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1910 Census Roll T624_225, Enum. Dist. 179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bio-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bio_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu/holland/masc/finders/cg112.htm">"Clyde Pangborn papers"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_State_University" title="Washington State University">Washington State University</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">World War I draft registration in <a href="/wiki/Shoshone,_Idaho" title="Shoshone, Idaho">Shoshone, Idaho</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-glory1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-glory1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-glory1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-glory1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-glory1_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-glory1_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-glory1_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdward_T._HeikellRobert_L._Heikell2012" class="citation book cs1">Edward T. Heikell; Robert L. Heikell (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fpeMAwAAQBAJ"><i>One Chance for Glory: First Non-stop Flight Across the Pacific</i></a>. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1496910387" title="Special:BookSources/978-1496910387"><bdi>978-1496910387</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+Chance+for+Glory%3A+First+Non-stop+Flight+Across+the+Pacific&rft.place=North+Charleston%2C+SC&rft.pub=CreateSpace&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1496910387&rft.au=Edward+T.+Heikell&rft.au=Robert+L.+Heikell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfpeMAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClyde+Pangborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-avhi-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-avhi_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-avhi_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historynet.com/clyde-pangborn-and-hugh-herndon-jr-first-to-fly-nonstop-across-the-pacific.htm">"Clyde Pangborn and Hugh Herndon, Jr.: First to Fly Nonstop Across the Pacific"</a>. <i>Aviation History</i>. June 12, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aviation+History&rft.atitle=Clyde+Pangborn+and+Hugh+Herndon%2C+Jr.%3A+First+to+Fly+Nonstop+Across+the+Pacific&rft.date=2006-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historynet.com%2Fclyde-pangborn-and-hugh-herndon-jr-first-to-fly-nonstop-across-the-pacific.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClyde+Pangborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Time-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Time_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745588,00.htm">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Herndon v. Liberty"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 22 May 1933<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=%27Herndon+v.+Liberty&rft.date=1933-05-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C745588%2C00.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClyde+Pangborn" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2021">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TMJ-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TMJ_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19310728&id=p7VQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MyIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5760,3517740&hl=en">"Moscow and Istanbul Are Flight Goals"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Milwaukee_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Milwaukee Journal">The Milwaukee Journal</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 28 July 1931<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Milwaukee+Journal&rft.atitle=Moscow+and+Istanbul+Are+Flight+Goals&rft.date=1931-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1499%26dat%3D19310728%26id%3Dp7VQAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DMyIEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5760%2C3517740%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClyde+Pangborn" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onechanceforglory.com/versus-lindbergh.aspx">"Pangborn vs Lindbergh Flight Comparison."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170304041219/http://www.onechanceforglory.com/versus-lindbergh.aspx">Archived</a> 2017-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>onechanceforglory.com.</i> Retrieved: May 21, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avweb.com/aviation-news/historic-aerobatic-pilot-lost-his-lunch-but-a-museum-has-found-it/?MailingID=752">Historic Aerobatic Pilot Lost His Lunch, But A Museum Has Found It</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Chicago In Range of Jap Bombers Warns Pangborn", <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>, 10 December 1935.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=jQIiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qaMFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6268%2C3082226">"Vance Flying Wing Plane Brings $2500"</a>. <i>Berkeley Daily Gazette</i>. 2 June 1936.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berkeley+Daily+Gazette&rft.atitle=Vance+Flying+Wing+Plane+Brings+%242500&rft.date=1936-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DjQIiAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DqaMFAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6268%252C3082226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AClyde+Pangborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Pangborn plans to fly on to Moscow", <i>The Ottawa Citizen</i>, July 21, 1937.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Clyde Pangborn, Wife to Kiss and Make Up", <i>The Milwaukee Journal</i>, August 11, 1940.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/cepangborn.htm">"Clyde Edward Pangborn."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Arlington_National_Cemetery" title="Arlington National Cemetery">Arlington National Cemetery</a></i>, Retrieved: April 28, 2008.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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