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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simulcasting_to_provide_stereo_sound_for_TV_broadcasts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Simulcasting to provide stereo sound for TV broadcasts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simulcasting_to_provide_stereo_sound_for_TV_broadcasts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Simulcasting_of_sporting_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simulcasting_of_sporting_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Simulcasting of sporting events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simulcasting_of_sporting_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_of_channels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_of_channels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Distribution of channels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_of_channels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label 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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AB_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86" title="بث متزامن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بث متزامن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulcast" title="Simulcast – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Simulcast" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmisi%C3%B3n_simult%C3%A1nea" title="Transmisión simultánea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Transmisión simultánea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulcast" title="Simulcast – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Simulcast" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%8B%9C%EB%B0%A9%EC%86%A1" title="동시방송 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동시방송" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="समकालिक प्रसारण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समकालिक प्रसारण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siaran_simultan" title="Siaran simultan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Siaran simultan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulcast" title="Simulcast – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Simulcast" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81" title="サイマル放送 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サイマル放送" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulcast" title="Simulcast – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Simulcast" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhteisl%C3%A4hetys" title="Yhteislähetys – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhteislähetys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="การออกอากาศคู่ขนาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การออกอากาศคู่ขนาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSimulcast"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Simulcast&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Broadcasting the same content over multiple mediums</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Canadian regulation, see <a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_substitution" title="Simultaneous substitution">Simultaneous substitution</a>. For an online release of broadcast programme, see <a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">Digital distribution</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Simulcast" title="Special:EditPage/Simulcast">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Simulcast%22">"Simulcast"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Simulcast%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Simulcast%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Simulcast%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Simulcast%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Simulcast%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2007</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Simulcast</b> (a <a href="/wiki/Portmanteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Portmanteau">portmanteau</a> of <b>simultaneous broadcast</b>) is the <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">broadcasting</a> of programs or events across more than one <a href="/wiki/Image_resolution" title="Image resolution">resolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bitrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitrate">bitrate</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mass_media" title="Mass media">medium</a>, or more than one service on the same medium, at exactly the same time (that is, simultaneously). For example, <a href="/wiki/Absolute_Radio" title="Absolute Radio">Absolute Radio</a> is simulcast on both <a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM</a> and on <a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">satellite radio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Absolute_Radio_launch_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Absolute_Radio_launch-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Absolute_Radio_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Absolute_Radio-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Proms" class="mw-redirect" title="The Proms">Prom</a> <a href="/wiki/Concert" title="Concert">concerts</a> were formerly simulcast on both <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_3" title="BBC Radio 3">BBC Radio 3</a> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_Television" title="BBC Television">BBC Television</a>. Another application is the transmission of the original-language <a href="/wiki/Soundtrack" title="Soundtrack">soundtrack</a> of movies or TV series over local or <a href="/wiki/Internet_radio" title="Internet radio">Internet radio</a>, with the television broadcast having been <a href="/wiki/Dubbing_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubbing (filmmaking)">dubbed</a> into a local language. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_radio_simulcasts">Early radio simulcasts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early radio simulcasts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before launching stereo radio, experiments were conducted by transmitting left and right channels on different radio channels. The earliest record found was a broadcast by the BBC in 1926 of a Halle Orchestra concert from Manchester, using the wavelengths of the regional stations and Daventry.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its earliest days, the BBC often transmitted the same programme on the "National Service" and the "Regional Network". </p><p>An early use of the word "simulcast" is from 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1990 and 1994, the BBC broadcast a channel of entertainment (Radio 5) which offered a wide range of simulcasts, taking programmes from the BBC World Service and Radio 1, 2, 3 and 4 for simultaneous broadcast. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simulcasting_to_provide_stereo_sound_for_TV_broadcasts">Simulcasting to provide stereo sound for TV broadcasts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Simulcasting to provide stereo sound for TV broadcasts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before stereo TV sound transmission was possible, simulcasting on TV and radio was a method of effectively transmitting "stereo" sound to music TV broadcasts. Typically, an FM frequency in the broadcast area for viewers to tune their stereo systems to would be displayed on the screen. The band <a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a> and their concert "Great Canadian Train Ride" in 1970 was the first TV broadcast of a live concert with FM simulcast. In the 1970s <a href="/wiki/WPXI" title="WPXI">WPXI</a> in Pittsburgh broadcast a live <a href="/wiki/Boz_Scaggs" title="Boz Scaggs">Boz Scaggs</a> performance which had the audio simultaneously broadcast on two FM radio stations to create a quadrophonic sound, the first of its kind. The first such transmission in the United Kingdom was on 14 November 1972, when the BBC broadcast a live classical concert from the Royal Albert Hall on both BBC2 and Radio 3.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first pop/rock simulcast was almost two years later, a recording of <a href="/wiki/Van_Morrison" title="Van Morrison">Van Morrison</a>'s London Rainbow Concert simultaneously on BBC2 TV and Radio 2 (see <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Too_Late_to_Stop_Now" title="It's Too Late to Stop Now">It's Too Late to Stop Now</a></i>) on 27 May 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, in the 1980s, before Multichannel Television Sound or home theater was commonplace in American households, broadcasters would air a <a href="/wiki/High_fidelity" title="High fidelity">high fidelity</a> version of a television program's audio portion over FM stereo simultaneous with the television broadcast. <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> stations were the most likely to use this technique, especially when airing a live concert. It was also a way of allowing <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a> and similar music channels to run stereo sound through the cable-TV network. This method required a stereo FM transmitter modulating MTV's stereo soundtrack through the cable-TV network, and customers connecting their FM receiver's antenna input to the cable-TV outlet. They would then tune the FM receiver to the specified frequency that would be published in documentation supplied by the cable-TV provider. </p><p>With the introduction of commercial FM stations in Australia in July 1980, commercial TV channels began simulcasting some music based programs with the new commercial FM stations and continued to do so into the early 1990s. These were initially rock based programs, such as late night music video shows and rock concerts, but later included some major rock musicals such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Horror_Picture_Show" title="The Rocky Horror Picture Show">The Rocky Horror Picture Show</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blues_Brothers_(film)" title="The Blues Brothers (film)">The Blues Brothers</a></i> when they first aired on TV. During the mid-1980s the final Australian concert of several major rock artists such as Dire Straits were simulcast live on a commercial TV and FM station. The ABC also simulcast some programs on ABC Television and <a href="/wiki/ABC_Classic_FM" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC Classic FM">ABC FM</a>, including the final concert of <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Melbourne Symphony Orchestra">Melbourne Symphony Orchestra</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/SABC" title="SABC">SABC</a> radio station <a href="/wiki/Radio_2000" title="Radio 2000">Radio 2000</a> was established in 1986 to simulcast <a href="/wiki/SABC_1" title="SABC 1">SABC 1</a> programming, especially imported American and British television shows, in their original <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, before South Africa adopted a stereo standard which allowed secondary audio tracks through the television spectrum. </p><p>The first cable TV concert simulcast was <a href="/wiki/Frank_Zappa" title="Frank Zappa">Frank Zappa</a>'s Halloween show (31 October 1981), live from NYC's Palladium and shown on MTV with the audio-only portion simulcast over FM's new "Starfleet Radio" network. Engineered by Mark G. Pinske with the <a href="/wiki/UMRK" class="mw-redirect" title="UMRK">UMRK</a> mobile recording truck. A later, notable application for simulcasting in this context was the <a href="/wiki/Live_Aid" title="Live Aid">Live Aid</a> telethon concert that was broadcast around the world on 13 July 1985. Most destinations where this concert was broadcast had the concert simulcast by at least one TV network and at least one of the local FM stations. </p><p>Most stereo-capable video recorders made through the 1980s and early 1990s had a "simulcast" recording mode where they recorded video signals from the built-in TV tuner and audio signals from the VCR's audio line-in connectors. This was to allow one to connect a stereo FM tuner that is tuned to the simulcast frequency to the VCR's audio input in order to record the stereo sound of a TV program that would otherwise be recorded in mono. The function was primarily necessary with stereo VCRs that didn't have a stereo TV tuner or were operated in areas where stereo TV broadcasting wasn't in place. This was typically selected through the user setting the input selector to "Simulcast" or "Radio" mode or, in the case of some JVC units, the user setting another "audio input" switch from "TV" or "Tuner" to "Line". </p><p>In the mid to late 1990s, video game developer <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a> utilized simulcasting to provide enhanced <a href="/wiki/Orchestral" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchestral">orchestral</a> scoring and voice-acting for the first ever "integrated radio-games"<sup id="cite_ref-bsz1worldfirst_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bsz1worldfirst-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – its <a href="/wiki/Satellaview" title="Satellaview">Satellaview</a> video games. Whereas digital game data was broadcast to the Satellaview unit to provide the basic game and game sounds, Nintendo's partner, satellite radio company <a href="/wiki/St.GIGA" title="St.GIGA">St.GIGA</a>, simultaneously broadcast the musical and vocal portion of the game via radio. These two streams were combined at the Satellaview to provide a unified audiotrack analogous to stereo.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term "simulcast" (describing simultaneous radio/television broadcast) was coined in 1948 by a press agent at WCAU-TV, Philadelphia.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NBC and CBS had begun broadcasting a few programs both to their established nationwide radio audience and to the much smaller—though steadily-growing—television audience. NBC's "Voice of Firestone" is sometimes mentioned in this regard, but NBC's "Voice of Firestone Televues" program, reaching a small Eastern audience beginning in 1943, was a TV-only show, distinct from the radio "Voice of Firestone" broadcasts. Actual TV-AM radio simulcasts of the very same "Voice of Firestone" program began only on 5 September 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A documented candidate for first true simulcast may well be NBC's "We the People."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toscanini's NBC Symphony performance of 15 March 1952 is perhaps a first instance of radio/TV simulcasting of a concert, predating the much-heralded rock concert simulcasts beginning in the 1980s. It could, however, be argued that these Toscanini presentations—with admission controlled by NBC, as with all its programming—were no more "public concerts" than NBC's "Voice of Firestone" broadcasts beginning in 1949, or its "Band of America" programs, which were simulcast starting 17 October 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise Toscanini's simulcast NBC presentation of two acts of Verdi's "Aida" on 3 April 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Presently, in the United States, simulcast most often refers to the practice of offering the same programming on an FM and AM station owned by the same entity, in order to cut costs. With the advent of solid state AM transmitters and computers, it has become very easy for AM stations to broadcast a different format without additional cost; therefore, simulcast between FM/AM combinations are rarely heard today outside of rural areas, and in urban areas, where often the <a href="/wiki/Talk_radio" title="Talk radio">talk radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sports_radio" title="Sports radio">sports radio</a>, or <a href="/wiki/All-news_radio" title="All-news radio">all-news radio</a> format of an AM station is simulcast on FM, mainly for the convenience of listeners in office buildings in urban cores which easily block AM signals, as well as those with FM-only tuners. In another case, popular programs will be aired simultaneously on different services in adjacent countries, such as animated sitcom <i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a></i>, airing Sunday evenings at 8:00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific times) on both <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Global_Television_Network" title="Global Television Network">Global</a> (1989 to 2018) and <a href="/wiki/Citytv" title="Citytv">Citytv</a> (2018 to 2021) in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and entertainment show <i><a href="/wiki/Ant_%26_Dec%27s_Saturday_Night_Takeaway" title="Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway">Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway</a></i>, airing Saturday nights at various times between 7:00 pm and 7:30 pm on <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV (TV channel)">ITV</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Media_One" title="Virgin Media One">Virgin Media One</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, many foreign programmes on <a href="/wiki/South_African_Broadcasting_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="South African Broadcasting Corporation">SABC</a> <a href="/wiki/Television_in_South_Africa" title="Television in South Africa">television</a> were dubbed in <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a>. The original soundtrack, usually in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, but sometimes in <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> was available on the Radio 2000 service.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This could be selected using a button labeled simulcast on many televisions manufactured before 1995. </p><p>Radio programs have been simulcast on television since the invention thereof however, as of recent, perhaps the most visible example of radio shows on television is <i><a href="/wiki/The_Howard_Stern_Show" title="The Howard Stern Show">The Howard Stern Show</a></i>, which currently airs on <a href="/wiki/Howard_100_and_Howard_101" title="Howard 100 and Howard 101">Sirius Satellite Radio</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Howard_Stern_television_shows#Howard_Stern_On_Demand" title="Howard Stern television shows">Howard TV</a>. Another prominent radio show that was simulcast on television is <i><a href="/wiki/Imus_in_the_Morning" title="Imus in the Morning">Imus in the Morning</a></i>, which until the simulcast ended in 2015, aired throughout the years on <a href="/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC">MSNBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/RFD-TV" title="RFD-TV">RFD-TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fox_Business_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Business Network">Fox Business Network</a>, in addition to its radio broadcast distributed by <a href="/wiki/Cumulus_Media_Networks" title="Cumulus Media Networks">Citadel Media</a>. Multiple <a href="/wiki/Sports_talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports talk">sports talk</a> radio shows, including <i><a href="/wiki/Mike_%26_Mike" title="Mike & Mike">Mike & Mike</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Herd_with_Colin_Cowherd" title="The Herd with Colin Cowherd">The Herd with Colin Cowherd</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Boomer_and_Carton" class="mw-redirect" title="Boomer and Carton">Boomer and Carton</a></i> also are carried on television, saving those networks the burden of having to air encores of sporting events or other paid sports programming which may draw lower audiences. In <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, breakfast programme <a href="/wiki/The_AM_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="The AM Show">The AM Show</a> airs on television channel <a href="/wiki/Three_(TV_channel)" title="Three (TV channel)">Three</a> and was simulcast on radio station <a href="/wiki/Magic_(New_Zealand_radio_network)" title="Magic (New Zealand radio network)">Magic Talk</a>; both networks were owned and operated by <a href="/wiki/MediaWorks_New_Zealand" title="MediaWorks New Zealand">MediaWorks New Zealand</a> until December 2020, when Three was sold to <a href="/wiki/Discovery,_Inc." title="Discovery, Inc.">Discovery, Inc.</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, the programme was rebranded as <i>AM</i> and ceased simulcasting on Magic Talk, becoming a TV-only format. </p><p>Following the acquisition of the assets of the <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">professional wrestling</a> promotion <a href="/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling" title="World Championship Wrestling">World Championship Wrestling</a> (WCW) by the rival <a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">World Wrestling Federation</a> (WWF), a segment simulcast between their two flagship programs—<i><a href="/wiki/WCW_Monday_Nitro" title="WCW Monday Nitro">WCW Monday Nitro</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/TNT_(American_TV_network)" title="TNT (American TV network)">TNT</a> (which was airing its series finale from <a href="/wiki/Panama_City,_Florida" title="Panama City, Florida">Panama City</a>) and the WWF's <i><a href="/wiki/WWE_Raw" title="WWE Raw">Raw</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/USA_Network" title="USA Network">USA Network</a> (from Cleveland)—on March 26, 2001, featured WWF owner <a href="/wiki/Vince_McMahon" title="Vince McMahon">Vince McMahon</a> addressing the sale, only for his son <a href="/wiki/Shane_McMahon" title="Shane McMahon">Shane McMahon</a> to reveal <a href="/wiki/Kayfabe" title="Kayfabe">in-universe</a> that he had bought WCW instead, setting up an <a href="/wiki/The_Invasion_(professional_wrestling)" title="The Invasion (professional wrestling)">"Invasion" storyline</a> to begin integrating WCW talent and championships into WWF.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is not uncommon for broadcasters to simulcast a particular program (such as a marquee event or special) across all of their networks as a "roadblock" in an effort to maximize <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_ratings" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen ratings">ratings</a> by preventing self-cannibalizing <a href="/wiki/Counterprogramming_(television)" title="Counterprogramming (television)">counterprogramming</a>; for example, <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Global" title="Paramount Global">Paramount Global</a> (and corporate predecessor <a href="/wiki/Viacom_(2005%E2%80%932019)" title="Viacom (2005–2019)">Viacom</a>) has simulcast <a href="/wiki/Awards_ceremony" title="Awards ceremony">award shows</a> produced by its flagship properties across its cable channels, such as the <a href="/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awards" title="MTV Video Music Awards">MTV Video Music Awards</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon_Kids%27_Choice_Awards" title="Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards">Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain events—particularly major <a href="/wiki/Telethon" title="Telethon">charity appeals</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Hope_for_Haiti_Now" title="Hope for Haiti Now">Hope for Haiti Now</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stand_Up_to_Cancer" title="Stand Up to Cancer">Stand Up to Cancer</a>)—may be jointly simulcast by a consortium of networks in order to ensure a wide audience. <sup id="cite_ref-tvtonight_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tvtonight-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Simulcasting_of_sporting_events">Simulcasting of sporting events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Simulcasting of sporting events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In sports, such as American football and baseball, simulcasts are when a single announcer broadcasts <a href="/wiki/Sports_commentator" title="Sports commentator">play-by-play</a> coverage both over television and radio. The practice was common in the early years of television, but since the 1980s, most teams have used a separate team for television and for radio. In the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>, two teams currently use a simulcast: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Sabres" title="Buffalo Sabres">Buffalo Sabres</a>, with play-by-play announcer <a href="/wiki/Rick_Jeanneret" title="Rick Jeanneret">Rick Jeanneret</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dan_Dunleavy" title="Dan Dunleavy">Dan Dunleavy</a> and analyst <a href="/wiki/Rob_Ray" title="Rob Ray">Rob Ray</a> via <a href="/wiki/MSG_Western_New_York" title="MSG Western New York">MSG Western New York</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Stars" title="Dallas Stars">Dallas Stars</a>, with play-by-play announcer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Josh_Bogorad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josh Bogorad (page does not exist)">Josh Bogorad</a> and analyst <a href="/wiki/Daryl_Reaugh" title="Daryl Reaugh">Daryl Reaugh</a> via <a href="/wiki/Bally_Sports_Southwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Bally Sports Southwest">Bally Sports Southwest</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Al_McCoy_(announcer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al McCoy (announcer)">Al McCoy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Suns" title="Phoenix Suns">Phoenix</a>), <a href="/wiki/Chick_Hearn" title="Chick Hearn">Chick Hearn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Lakers" title="Los Angeles Lakers">Los Angeles</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Calabro" title="Kevin Calabro">Kevin Calabro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seattle_SuperSonics" title="Seattle SuperSonics">Seattle</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Rod_Hundley" class="mw-redirect" title="Rod Hundley">Rod Hundley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Utah_Jazz" title="Utah Jazz">Utah</a>) were the last <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a> team broadcasters to be simulcast. Until his retirement in 2016, the first three innings of <a href="/wiki/Vin_Scully" title="Vin Scully">Vin Scully</a>'s commentary for <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers" title="Los Angeles Dodgers">Los Angeles Dodgers</a> home and <a href="/wiki/National_League_West" title="National League West">NL West</a> road games were simulcast on radio and television, with the remainder of the game called by Scully exclusively for television viewers.<sup id="cite_ref-Vin_Scully_trims_'12_travel_schedule_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vin_Scully_trims_'12_travel_schedule-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the final game before his retirement, Scully's commentary was simulcast on the radio for the entirety of the game.<sup id="cite_ref-sbnation-lastgame_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbnation-lastgame-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2021 season, the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Blue_Jays" title="Toronto Blue Jays">Toronto Blue Jays</a> broadcast the audio of the <a href="/wiki/Sportsnet" title="Sportsnet">Sportsnet</a> play-by-play with <a href="/wiki/Dan_Shulman" title="Dan Shulman">Dan Shulman</a> (who has previously been a radio voice for MLB on <a href="/wiki/ESPN_Radio" title="ESPN Radio">ESPN Radio</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Buck_Martinez" title="Buck Martinez">Buck Martinez</a> over their radio network in what was stated to be a <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19</a>-related measure. Media outlets disputed the decision and felt it was actually a cost-cutting move by Blue Jays and Sportsnet owner <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Communications" title="Rogers Communications">Rogers Communications</a>, as the team had maintained dedicated radio broadcasts in 2020 with a remote crew.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As all <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a> television broadcasts are done by the national networks or via cable, there are no regular TV-to-radio football simulcasts. In order to ensure that all of a particular team's games are available on free-to-air television in their home market, NFL rules require that not aired by a broadcast television network (including cable networks and streaming platforms) be simulcast on a broadcast station in the main market of each participating team. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Greyhound_racing" title="Greyhound racing">greyhound racing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a>, a simulcast is a broadcast of a greyhound or horse race which allows <a href="/wiki/Gambling" title="Gambling">wagering</a> at two or more sites; the simulcast often involves the transmission of wagering information to a central site, so that all bettors may bet in the same <a href="/wiki/Betting_pool" title="Betting pool">betting pool</a>, as well as the broadcast of the race, or bet from home as they watch on a network such as <a href="/wiki/TVG_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="TVG Network">TVG Network</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Racetrack_Television_Network" title="Racetrack Television Network">Racetrack Television Network</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Regional_sports_network" title="Regional sports network">regional sports network</a> <a href="/wiki/MASN" title="MASN">MASN</a> previously used simulcasts for MLB games <a href="/wiki/Beltway_Series" title="Beltway Series">played between</a> the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_Nationals" title="Washington Nationals">Washington Nationals</a>—regional <a href="/wiki/Beltway_Series" title="Beltway Series">rivals</a> who share the same market and broadcaster. MASN and MASN2 simulcast a single feed of the games with a commentary team featuring personalities from both teams, featuring <a href="/wiki/Jim_Hunter_(sportscaster)" title="Jim Hunter (sportscaster)">Jim Hunter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Carpenter_(sportscaster)" title="Bob Carpenter (sportscaster)">Bob Carpenter</a> alternating play-by-play duties, and the teams' <a href="/wiki/Color_commentator" title="Color commentator">color commentators</a>. This arrangement ended in 2014, with both channels now originating their own Orioles- and Nationals-specific telecasts as normal.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A more recent trend by sports broadcasts have been <a href="/wiki/Altcast" title="Altcast">alternate feeds</a> offering different viewing options, including specialty camera angles, alternative commentary, or enhanced in-game statistics and analysis.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sbnation-megacast_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbnation-megacast-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, ESPN introduced a <a href="/wiki/Manningcast" title="Manningcast">simulcast</a> of selected <i><a href="/wiki/Monday_Night_Football" title="Monday Night Football">Monday Night Football</a></i> games featuring <a href="/wiki/Eli_Manning" title="Eli Manning">Eli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peyton_Manning" title="Peyton Manning">Peyton Manning</a>, joined by celebrity guests; the success of these broadcasts prompted ESPN to extend the format to other sports, with the Mannings' production company <a href="/wiki/Omaha_Productions" title="Omaha Productions">Omaha Productions</a> being involved in some of these broadcasts.<sup id="cite_ref-Salvador_2022_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salvador_2022-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution_of_channels">Distribution of channels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Distribution of channels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable television</a> systems, analog-digital simulcasting (ADS) means that analog channels are duplicated as <a href="/wiki/Digital_subchannel" title="Digital subchannel">digital subchannels</a>. Digital tuners are programmed to use the digital subchannel instead of the analog. This allows for smaller, cheaper cable boxes by eliminating the analog tuner and some analog circuitry. On <a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">DVRs</a>, it eliminates the need for an <a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a> encoder to convert the analog signal to digital for recording. The primary advantage is the elimination of interference, and as analog channels are dropped, the ability to put 10 or more <a href="/wiki/Standard-definition_television" title="Standard-definition television">SDTV</a> (or two <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HDTV</a>, or various other combinations) channels in its place. The primary drawback is the common problem of over-compression (quantity over quality) resulting in fuzzy pictures and <a href="/wiki/Pixelation" title="Pixelation">pixelation</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Multiplexing" title="Multiplexing">Multiplexing</a>—also sometimes called "multicasting"—is something of a reversal of this situation, where multiple program streams are combined into a single broadcast. The two terms are sometimes confused. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">universities</a> with multiple campuses, simulcasting may be used for a single teacher to teach class to students in two or more locations at the same time, using <a href="/wiki/Videoconferencing" class="mw-redirect" title="Videoconferencing">videoconferencing</a> equipment. </p><p>In many public safety agencies, simulcast refers to the broadcasting of the same transmission on the same frequency from multiple towers either simultaneously, or offset by a fixed number of microseconds. This allows for a larger coverage area without the need for a large number of channels, resulting in increased <a href="/wiki/Spectral_efficiency" title="Spectral efficiency">spectral efficiency</a>. This comes at the cost of overall poorer voice quality, as multiple sources increase <a href="/wiki/Multipath_interference" class="mw-redirect" title="Multipath interference">multipath interference</a> significantly, resulting in what is called simulcast distortion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_Channel_Simulcast" title="Single Channel Simulcast">Single Channel Simulcast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">Digital distribution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">Video on demand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">Streaming media</a>: In English language anime distribution, the word "simulcast" is often misused to refer to the online release of a Japanese animated television series during the same period as in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Absolute_Radio_launch-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Absolute_Radio_launch_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFParry2008" class="citation web cs1">Parry, Caroline (18 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marketingweek.co.uk/cgi-bin/item.cgi?id=62526&d=254&h=5&f=3/">"Absolute Radio signs exclusive Sony Ericsson ad deal"</a>. <i>Marketing Week</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marketing+Week&rft.atitle=Absolute+Radio+signs+exclusive+Sony+Ericsson+ad+deal&rft.date=2008-09-18&rft.aulast=Parry&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marketingweek.co.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fitem.cgi%3Fid%3D62526%26d%3D254%26h%3D5%26f%3D3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Absolute_Radio-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Absolute_Radio_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnett2008" class="citation web cs1">Barnett, Emma (1 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brandrepublic.com/News/842893/Plans-revealed-rebrand-Virgin-Radio-Absolute/">"Plans revealed to rebrand Virgin Radio as Absolute"</a>. <i>Brand Republic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080907014531/http://www.brandrepublic.com/News/842893/Plans-revealed-rebrand-Virgin-Radio-Absolute/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brand+Republic&rft.atitle=Plans+revealed+to+rebrand+Virgin+Radio+as+Absolute&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brandrepublic.com%2FNews%2F842893%2FPlans-revealed-rebrand-Virgin-Radio-Absolute%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Practical Television, April 1964, p305. see <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Practical/Television/60s/Practical-Television-1964-04.pdf">http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Practical/Television/60s/Practical-Television-1964-04.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SoPpXtZhE_MC&q=Simulcast"><i>Establishing and Operating a Dry Cleaning Business</i></a>. United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Office of Industry and Commerce. 1925. p. 5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Establishing+and+Operating+a+Dry+Cleaning+Business&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=United+States.+Bureau+of+Foreign+and+Domestic+Commerce.+Office+of+Industry+and+Commerce&rft.date=1925&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSoPpXtZhE_MC%26q%3DSimulcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctwo/england/1972-11-14#at-19.30">"Schedule - BBC Programme Index"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schedule+-+BBC+Programme+Index&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fschedules%2Fbbctwo%2Fengland%2F1972-11-14%23at-19.30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctwo/england/1974-05-27#at-23.00">"Schedule - BBC Programme Index"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schedule+-+BBC+Programme+Index&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenome.ch.bbc.co.uk%2Fschedules%2Fbbctwo%2Fengland%2F1974-05-27%23at-23.00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bsz1worldfirst-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bsz1worldfirst_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNintendo1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a> (13 February 1995). <i>BS-X: Sore wa Namae o Nusumareta Machi no Monogatari</i> (<a href="/wiki/Satellaview" title="Satellaview">Satellaview</a>) (in Japanese) (1995/8/8 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>/<a href="/wiki/St.GIGA" title="St.GIGA">St.GIGA</a>. <q><b>Kabe shinbunsha</b>: ８月６日（日）、世界初のジオ／ゲー動プログラム「ＢＳゼルダの伝説」が大好評につき９月の再放送がついに決定した。<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.f3.dion.ne.jp/~kameb/satella/st_kbn/n58.htm#eb">[1]</a></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BS-X%3A+Sore+wa+Namae+o+Nusumareta+Machi+no+Monogatari&rft.edition=1995%2F8%2F8&rft.pub=Nintendo%2FSt.GIGA&rft.date=1995-02-13&rft.au=Nintendo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|quote=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Satellaview: juegos desde el espacio." <i>Atomicx</i>. pp.54-57. July 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Crosby, "Television Headache in Etymology," Oakland (CA) Tribune, 15 June 1948.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Radio and Television: 'Voice of Firestone' to Assume Dual Role as Broadcast-Telecast Show Sept. 5." New York Times, 29 August 1949.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rowe, Billy. "'We the People' First to Televise Top Radio Show." Pittsburgh Courier, 12 June 1948.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gould, Jack. 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September 26, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SB+Nation&rft.atitle=Dodgers+to+simulcast+Vin+Scully%27s+final+broadcast+on+radio&rft.date=2016-09-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.truebluela.com%2F2016%2F9%2F26%2F13067928%2Fvin-scully-final-broadcast-simulcast-radio-dodgers-giants&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/sportsnet-vp-blue-jays-tv-on-the-radio-so-far-so-good.html">"Despite criticism, Sportsnet VP calls Blue Jays' radio simulcasts "so far, so good"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Awful Announcing</i>. 2021-05-14. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210515200323/https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/sportsnet-vp-blue-jays-tv-on-the-radio-so-far-so-good.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-05-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Awful+Announcing&rft.atitle=Despite+criticism%2C+Sportsnet+VP+calls+Blue+Jays%27+radio+simulcasts+%22so+far%2C+so+good%22&rft.date=2021-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fawfulannouncing.com%2Fmlb%2Fsportsnet-vp-blue-jays-tv-on-the-radio-so-far-so-good.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm2021" class="citation news cs1">Chisholm, Gregor (2021-02-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/sports/bluejays/2021/02/26/sportsnet-release-tv-schedule-for-blue-jays-spring-training-games.html">"Sportsnet cuts Blue Jays radio broadcast for 2021, will simulcast TV coverage over airwaves"</a>. <i>The Toronto Star</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210227002550/https://www.thestar.com/sports/bluejays/2021/02/26/sportsnet-release-tv-schedule-for-blue-jays-spring-training-games.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Sportsnet+cuts+Blue+Jays+radio+broadcast+for+2021%2C+will+simulcast+TV+coverage+over+airwaves&rft.date=2021-02-26&rft.aulast=Chisholm&rft.aufirst=Gregor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fsports%2Fbluejays%2F2021%2F02%2F26%2Fsportsnet-release-tv-schedule-for-blue-jays-spring-training-games.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/rogers-blue-jays-radio-simulcast-tv.html">"Blue Jays become first MLB team without a dedicated radio feed"</a>. <i>Awful Announcing</i>. 2021-02-27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210227005352/https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/rogers-blue-jays-radio-simulcast-tv.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Awful+Announcing&rft.atitle=Blue+Jays+become+first+MLB+team+without+a+dedicated+radio+feed&rft.date=2021-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fawfulannouncing.com%2Fmlb%2Frogers-blue-jays-radio-simulcast-tv.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg2014" class="citation news cs1">Steinberg, Dan (2014-02-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/dc-sports-bog/wp/2014/02/27/masn-announces-end-of-split-booths-for-orioles-nats-games/">"MASN announces end of split booths for Orioles-Nats games"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=MASN+announces+end+of+split+booths+for+Orioles-Nats+games&rft.date=2014-02-27&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fdc-sports-bog%2Fwp%2F2014%2F02%2F27%2Fmasn-announces-end-of-split-booths-for-orioles-nats-games%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart2006" class="citation web cs1">Stewart, Larry (2006-09-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-sep-06-sp-espn6-story.html">"ESPN 'Full Circle' Doesn't Square With the Viewers"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=ESPN+%27Full+Circle%27+Doesn%27t+Square+With+the+Viewers&rft.date=2006-09-06&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2006-sep-06-sp-espn6-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sbnation-megacast-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sbnation-megacast_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sbnation.com/college-football/2013/12/19/5227022/bcs-national-championship-2014-espn-megacast">"ESPN 'Megacast' to show BCS title game in 6 ways on 6 channels"</a>. <i>SB Nation</i>. December 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SB+Nation&rft.atitle=ESPN+%27Megacast%27+to+show+BCS+title+game+in+6+ways+on+6+channels&rft.date=2013-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbnation.com%2Fcollege-football%2F2013%2F12%2F19%2F5227022%2Fbcs-national-championship-2014-espn-megacast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://awfulannouncing.com/espn/espn-cfp-megacast-title-game-film-room-cfp-live.html">"ESPN's CFP title game MegaCast will have a film room including Hugh Freeze, plus a new CFP Live feed with the NFL Live cast"</a>. <i>Awful Announcing</i>. January 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Awful+Announcing&rft.atitle=ESPN%27s+CFP+title+game+MegaCast+will+have+a+film+room+including+Hugh+Freeze%2C+plus+a+new+CFP+Live+feed+with+the+NFL+Live+cast&rft.date=2021-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fawfulannouncing.com%2Fespn%2Fespn-cfp-megacast-title-game-film-room-cfp-live.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salvador_2022-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Salvador_2022_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalvador2022" class="citation magazine cs1">Salvador, Joseph (September 13, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/extra-mustard/2022/09/13/eli-manning-lands-another-zinger-on-brother-peyton-during-manningcast">"Watch: Eli Manning Lands Another Zinger on Brother Peyton During ManningCast"</a>. <i>Sports Illustrated</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927003625/https://www.si.com/extra-mustard/2022/09/13/eli-manning-lands-another-zinger-on-brother-peyton-during-manningcast">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Watch%3A+Eli+Manning+Lands+Another+Zinger+on+Brother+Peyton+During+ManningCast&rft.date=2022-09-13&rft.aulast=Salvador&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.com%2Fextra-mustard%2F2022%2F09%2F13%2Feli-manning-lands-another-zinger-on-brother-peyton-during-manningcast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg2022" class="citation web cs1">Steinberg, Brian (February 9, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/espn-manningcast-peyton-manning-eli-manning-1235176297/">"ESPN Expands 'ManningCast' Deal With Peyton Manning's Omaha Productions"</a>. <i>Variety</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220324185539/https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/espn-manningcast-peyton-manning-eli-manning-1235176297/">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=ESPN+Expands+%27ManningCast%27+Deal+With+Peyton+Manning%27s+Omaha+Productions&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2022%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fespn-manningcast-peyton-manning-eli-manning-1235176297%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanda2010" class="citation web cs1">Landa, Amanda (2010-07-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://flowtv.org/2010/07/niche-market-global-scale/">"Niche Market, Global Scale: Simulcasting Anime Online"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-02-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Niche+Market%2C+Global+Scale%3A+Simulcasting+Anime+Online&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.aulast=Landa&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fflowtv.org%2F2010%2F07%2Fniche-market-global-scale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAeschliman" class="citation web cs1">Aeschliman, Lesley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art171369.asp">"What Is Simulcasting? - Anime"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-02-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Is+Simulcasting%3F+-+Anime&rft.aulast=Aeschliman&rft.aufirst=Lesley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bellaonline.com%2Farticles%2Fart171369.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimulcast" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&oldid=1242849461">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simulcast&oldid=1242849461</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Broadcast_engineering" title="Category:Broadcast engineering">Broadcast engineering</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_broadcasting" title="Category:Radio broadcasting">Radio broadcasting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Television_terminology" title="Category:Television terminology">Television terminology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Simulcasts" title="Category:Simulcasts">Simulcasts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940s_neologisms" title="Category:1940s neologisms">1940s neologisms</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_external_links" title="Category:CS1 errors: external links">CS1 errors: external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)" title="Category:CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)">CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_July_2007" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2007">Articles needing additional references from July 2007</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 August 2024, at 02:48<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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