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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Printing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Printing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Printing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Authorized_Version" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authorized_Version"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Authorized Version </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authorized_Version-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standard_text_of_1769" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standard_text_of_1769"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Standard text of 1769 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standard_text_of_1769-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editorial_criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editorial_criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Editorial criticism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editorial_criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literary_attributes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary_attributes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Literary attributes </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Literary_attributes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Literary attributes subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Literary_attributes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marginal_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marginal_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Marginal notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marginal_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_typeface" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_typeface"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Use of typeface </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_typeface-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Source_texts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Source_texts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Source texts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Source_texts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Old_Testament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_Testament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.1 Old Testament </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_Testament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Testament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Testament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.2 New Testament </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Testament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apocrypha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apocrypha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.3 Apocrypha </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apocrypha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.4 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations_in_recent_translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations_in_recent_translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Variations in recent translations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variations_in_recent_translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Style_and_criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Style_and_criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Style and criticism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Style_and_criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mistranslations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mistranslations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Mistranslations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mistranslations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Influence </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Influence-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Influence subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-King_James_Only_movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#King_James_Only_movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 King James Only movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-King_James_Only_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copyright_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copyright_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Copyright status </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Copyright_status-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Copyright status subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Copyright_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Permission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Permission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Permission </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Permission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apocrypha_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apocrypha_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Apocrypha </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apocrypha_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Works cited </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">King James Version</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" > 46 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3" title="نسخة الملك جيمس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نسخة الملك جيمس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A7%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%BD_%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%82%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B9%D5%A8" title="Ճէյմս Թագաւորին Աստուածաշունչը – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ճէյմս Թագաւորին Աստուածաշունչը" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kral_Ceymsin_Bibliyas%C4%B1" title="Kral Ceymsin Bibliyası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kral Ceymsin Bibliyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="কিং জেমস সংস্করণ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কিং জেমস সংস্করণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khim-t%C4%93ng-p%C3%BAn" title="Khim-tēng-pún – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khim-tēng-pún" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Біблія караля Якава – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Біблія караля Якава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%AF%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Біблія караля Якуба – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Біблія караля Якуба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Библия на крал Джеймс – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Библия на крал Джеймс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ADblia_del_rei_Jaume" title="Bíblia del rei Jaume – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bíblia del rei Jaume" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorized_King_James_Version" title="Authorized King James Version – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Authorized King James Version" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_kr%C3%A1le_Jakuba" title="Bible krále Jakuba – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bible krále Jakuba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="King James Version" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/King-James-Bibel" title="King-James-Bibel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="King-James-Bibel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%AF%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AC_%CE%99%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Βίβλος του βασιλιά Ιακώβου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βίβλος του βασιλιά Ιακώβου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblia_del_rey_Jacobo" title="Biblia del rey Jacobo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biblia del rey Jacobo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versio_Rajtigita_de_la_Re%C4%9Do_Jakobo" title="Versio Rajtigita de la Reĝo Jakobo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Versio Rajtigita de la Reĝo Jakobo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2" title="نسخه شاه جیمز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نسخه شاه جیمز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_du_roi_Jacques" title="Bible du roi Jacques – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bible du roi Jacques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblia_do_rei_Xacobe" title="Biblia do rei Xacobe – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Biblia do rei Xacobe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%82%B9_%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="킹 제임스 성경 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="킹 제임스 성경" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblija_kralja_Jakova" title="Biblija kralja Jakova – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Biblija kralja Jakova" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkitab_Versi_Raja_James" title="Alkitab Versi Raja James – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alkitab Versi Raja James" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibbia_di_re_Giacomo" title="Bibbia di re Giacomo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bibbia di re Giacomo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A1" title="תרגום המלך ג'יימס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תרגום המלך ג'יימס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliorum_versio_regis_Iacobi" title="Bibliorum versio regis Iacobi – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bibliorum versio regis Iacobi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakab_kir%C3%A1ly-f%C3%A9le_Biblia" title="Jakab király-féle Biblia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jakab király-féle Biblia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkitab_Raja_James" title="Alkitab Raja James – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alkitab Raja James" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="King James Version" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E8%A8%B3%E8%81%96%E6%9B%B8" title="欽定訳聖書 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="欽定訳聖書" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="King James Version" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%87" title="د پاچا جیمز نسخه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د پاچا جیمز نسخه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%87%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%8D" title="កំណែស្ដេចជេមន៍ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កំណែស្ដេចជេមន៍" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblia_kr%C3%B3la_Jakuba" title="Biblia króla Jakuba – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Biblia króla Jakuba" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ADblia_do_Rei_Jaime" title="Bíblia do Rei Jaime – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bíblia do Rei Jaime" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Библия короля Якова – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Библия короля Якова" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorized_King_James_Version" title="Authorized King James Version – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Authorized King James Version" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblijo_Kr%C5%AFla_Jakuba" title="Biblijo Krůla Jakuba – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Biblijo Krůla Jakuba" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7_%D8%AC%DB%95%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2" title="وەشانی پاشا جەیمز – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وەشانی پاشا جەیمز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuningas_Jaakon_Raamattu" title="Kuningas Jaakon Raamattu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuningas Jaakon Raamattu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_James_Bible" title="King James Bible – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="King James Bible" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="King James Version" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1611 English translation of the Bible</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"KJB" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/KJB_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="KJB (disambiguation)">KJB (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_James_Version_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="King James Version (disambiguation)">King James Version (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:maroon;color:white;">King James Version</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:KJV-King-James-Version-Bible-first-edition-title-page-1611.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The title page's central text is: "THE HOLY BIBLE, Conteyning the Old Testament, AND THE NEW: Newly Translated out of the Original tongues: & with the former Translations diligently compared and revised, by his Majesties speciall Comandement. Appointed to be read in Churches. Imprinted at London by Robert Barker, Printer to the Kings most Excellent Majestie. ANNO DOM. 1611 ." At bottom is: "C. Boel fecit in Richmont."."><img alt="The title page's central text is: "THE HOLY BIBLE, Conteyning the Old Testament, AND THE NEW: Newly Translated out of the Original tongues: & with the former Translations diligently compared and revised, by his Majesties speciall Comandement. Appointed to be read in Churches. Imprinted at London by Robert Barker, Printer to the Kings most Excellent Majestie. ANNO DOM. 1611 ." At bottom is: "C. Boel fecit in Richmont."." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/KJV-King-James-Version-Bible-first-edition-title-page-1611.jpg/250px-KJV-King-James-Version-Bible-first-edition-title-page-1611.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/KJV-King-James-Version-Bible-first-edition-title-page-1611.jpg/330px-KJV-King-James-Version-Bible-first-edition-title-page-1611.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/KJV-King-James-Version-Bible-first-edition-title-page-1611.jpg/500px-KJV-King-James-Version-Bible-first-edition-title-page-1611.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1667" data-file-height="2607" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">The title page to the 1611 first edition of the authorized version of the Bible by <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Boel" title="Cornelis Boel">Cornelis Boel</a> shows the Apostles <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a> seated centrally above the central text, which is flanked by <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aaron" title="Aaron">Aaron</a>. In the four corners sit <a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Evangelist" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew the Evangelist">Matthew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_the_Evangelist" title="Mark the Evangelist">Mark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_the_Evangelist" title="John the Evangelist">John</a>, the traditionally attributed authors of the four <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">gospels</a>, with their symbolic animals. The rest of the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve Apostles">Apostles</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Judas" class="mw-redirect" title="Judas">Judas</a> facing away) stand around Peter and Paul. At the very top is the <a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton" title="Tetragrammaton">Tetragrammaton</a> "יְהֹוָה" written with <a href="/wiki/Niqqud" title="Niqqud">niqqud</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">KJV<a href="#cite_note-1">[a]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Complete Bible published</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1611</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Online as</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)">King James Version</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Textual basis</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">OT</a>: <a href="/wiki/Masoretic_Text" title="Masoretic Text">Masoretic Text</a> <a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">Apocrypha</a>: <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a> <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">NT</a>: <a href="/wiki/Textus_Receptus" title="Textus Receptus">Textus Receptus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Translation type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Formal_equivalence" class="mw-redirect" title="Formal equivalence">Formal equivalence</a><a href="#cite_note-logos-bts-2">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Version revision</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1769</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Copyright</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Public domain<a href="#cite_note-3">[b]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:1px;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Religious affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a><a href="#cite_note-logos-bts2-4">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[c]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/John_3:16" title="John 3:16">John 3:16</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccccff;"><a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_English" title="Bible translations into English">The Bible in English</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_Bible_translations" title="List of English Bible translations">List of English Bible translations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_English_Bible_translations" title="Old English Bible translations">Old English (pre-1066)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_English_Bible_translations" title="Middle English Bible translations">Middle English (1066–1500)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_English_Bible_translations" title="Early Modern English Bible translations">Early Modern English (1500–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_English_Bible_translations" title="Modern English Bible translations">Modern Christian (1800– )</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_English_Bible_translations" title="Jewish English Bible translations">Modern Jewish (1853– )</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main category: <a href="/wiki/Category:Bible_translations_into_English" title="Category:Bible translations into English">Bible translations into English</a></div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/40px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/60px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1993" data-file-height="1300" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bible" title="Portal:Bible">Bible portal</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:English_Bible_translations" title="Template:English Bible translations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:English_Bible_translations" title="Template talk:English Bible translations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:English_Bible_translations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:English Bible translations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The King James Version (KJV), also the King James Bible (KJB) and the Authorized Version (AV), is an <a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_English_Bible_translations" title="Early Modern English Bible translations">Early Modern English translation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>, which was commissioned in 1604 and published in 1611, by sponsorship of King <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI and I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[d]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[e]</a> The <a href="/wiki/List_of_books_of_the_King_James_Version" title="List of books of the King James Version">80 books of the King James Version</a> <a href="#cite_note-9">[4]</a> include 39 books of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>, 14 books of <a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">Apocrypha</a>, and the 27 books of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>. Noted for its "majesty of style", the King James Version has been described as one of the most important books in English culture and a driving force in the shaping of the English-speaking world.<a href="#cite_note-hunt20110209-10">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[6]</a> The King James Version remains the preferred translation of many <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> Christians, and is considered <a href="/wiki/King_James_Only_movement" title="King James Only movement">the only valid one</a> by some <a href="/wiki/Evangelicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelicals">Evangelicals</a>. It is considered one of the important literary accomplishments of early modern England. The KJV was the third translation into English approved by the English Church authorities: The first had been the <a href="/wiki/Great_Bible" title="Great Bible">Great Bible</a> (1535), and the second had been the <a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Bible" title="Bishops' Bible">Bishops' Bible</a> (1568).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003204-12">[7]</a> In Switzerland the first generation of <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformers" title="Protestant Reformers">Protestant Reformers</a> had produced the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Bible" title="Geneva Bible">Geneva Bible</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[8]</a> which was published in 1560<a href="#cite_note-14">[9]</a> having referred to the original Hebrew and Greek scriptures, and which was influential in the writing of the Authorized King James Version. The English Church initially used the officially sanctioned "Bishops' Bible", which was hardly used by the population. More popular was the named "Geneva Bible", which was created on the basis of the Tyndale translation in Geneva under the direct successor of the reformer <a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a> for his English followers. However, their footnotes represented a <a href="/wiki/Calvinistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinistic">Calvinistic</a> <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritanism</a> that was too radical for James. The translators of the Geneva Bible had translated the word king as <a href="/wiki/Tyrant" title="Tyrant">tyrant</a> about four hundred times, while the word only appears three times in the KJV. Because of this, some have claimed that King James purposely had the translators omit the word, though there is no evidence to support this claim. As the word "tyrant" has no equivalent in ancient Hebrew, there is no case where the translation would be required. James convened the <a href="/wiki/Hampton_Court_Conference" title="Hampton Court Conference">Hampton Court Conference</a> in January 1604, where a new English version was conceived in response to the problems of the earlier translations perceived by the <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritans</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003435-15">[10]</a> a faction of the Church of England.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHill19974–5-16">[11]</a> James gave translators instructions intended to ensure the new version would conform to the <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiology" title="Ecclesiology">ecclesiology</a>, and reflect the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">episcopal</a> structure, of the Church of England and its belief in an <a href="/wiki/Holy_Orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Orders">ordained</a> clergy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439-17">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003436-18">[13]</a> In common with most other translations of the period, the New Testament was translated from <a href="/wiki/Koine_Greek" title="Koine Greek">Greek</a>, the Old Testament from <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aramaic" title="Aramaic">Aramaic</a>, and the Apocrypha from Greek and <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1662)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1662)">1662 Book of Common Prayer</a>, the text of the Authorized Version replaced the text of the Great Bible for Epistle and Gospel readings, and as such was authorized by an Act of Parliament.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003488-19">[14]</a> By the first half of the 18th century, the Authorized Version had become effectively unchallenged as the only English translation used in <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> and other English Protestant churches, except for the <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a> and some short passages in the Book of Common Prayer of the Church of England. Over the 18th century, the Authorized Version supplanted the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">Latin Vulgate</a> as the standard version of scripture for English-speaking scholars. With the development of <a href="/wiki/Stereotype_(printing)" title="Stereotype (printing)">stereotype</a> printing at the beginning of the 19th century, this version of the Bible had become the most widely printed book in history, almost all such printings presenting the <a href="#Standard_text_of_1769">standard text of 1769</a>, and nearly always omitting the books of the Apocrypha. Today the unqualified title "King James Version" usually indicates this Oxford standard text. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1612_First_Quarto_of_King_James_Bible.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1612_First_Quarto_of_King_James_Bible.jpg/260px-1612_First_Quarto_of_King_James_Bible.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1612_First_Quarto_of_King_James_Bible.jpg/390px-1612_First_Quarto_of_King_James_Bible.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1612_First_Quarto_of_King_James_Bible.jpg/520px-1612_First_Quarto_of_King_James_Bible.jpg 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="642" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Speed" title="John Speed">John Speed</a>'s Genealogies recorded in the Sacred Scriptures (1611), bound into first King James Bible in <a href="/wiki/Quarto" title="Quarto">quarto</a> size (1612)</figcaption></figure> The title of the first edition of the translation, in <a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_English" title="Early Modern English">Early Modern English</a>, was "THE HOLY BIBLE, Conteyning the Old Teſtament, AND THE NEW: Newly Tranſlated out of the Originall tongues: & with the former Tranſlations diligently compared and reuiſed, by his Maiesties ſpeciall Cõmandement". The title page carries the words "Appointed to be read in Churches",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone1974Authorised_Version_of_the_Bible-20">[15]</a> and <a href="/wiki/F._F._Bruce" title="F. F. Bruce">F. F. Bruce</a> suggests it was "probably authorised by <a href="/wiki/Order_in_council" class="mw-redirect" title="Order in council">order in council</a>", but no record of the authorisation survives "because the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_England" title="Privy Council of England">Privy Council</a> registers from 1600 to 1613 were destroyed by fire in January 1618/19".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas1974Bible_(English_Versions)-21">[16]</a> For many years it was common not to give the translation any specific name. In his <a href="/wiki/Leviathan_(Hobbes_book)" title="Leviathan (Hobbes book)">Leviathan</a> of 1651, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a> referred to it as "the English Translation made in the beginning of the Reign of King James".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHobbes2010Chapter_XXXV-22">[17]</a> A 1761 "Brief Account of the various Translations of the Bible into English" refers to the 1611 version merely as "a new, compleat, and more accurate Translation", despite referring to the Great Bible by its name, and despite using the name "Rhemish Testament" for the <a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims_Bible" title="Douay–Rheims Bible">Douay–Rheims Bible</a> version.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPearse176179-23">[18]</a> Similarly, a "History of England", whose fifth edition was published in 1775, writes merely that "[a] new translation of the Bible, viz., that now in Use, was begun in 1607, and published in 1611".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKimber1775279-24">[19]</a> King James's Bible is used as the name for the 1611 translation (on a par with the Genevan Bible or the Rhemish Testament) in <a href="/wiki/Charles_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Charles Butler (lawyer)">Charles Butler</a>'s Horae Biblicae (first published 1797).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButler1807219-25">[20]</a> Other works from the early 19th century confirm the widespread use of this name on both sides of the Atlantic: it is found both in a "historical sketch of the English translations of the Bible" published in Massachusetts in 1815<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolmes1815277-26">[21]</a> and in an English publication from 1818, which explicitly states that the 1611 version is "generally known by the name of King James's Bible".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHorne181814-27">[22]</a> This name was also found as King James' Bible (without the final "s"): for example in a book review from 1811.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsThacherEmerson1811110-28">[23]</a> The phrase "King James's Bible" is used as far back as 1715, although in this case it is not clear whether this is a name or merely a description.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHacket1715205-29">[24]</a> The use of Authorized Version, capitalized and used as a name, is found as early as 1814.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.1814356-30">[25]</a> For some time before this, descriptive phrases such as "our present, and only publicly authorised version" (1783),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.178327-31">[26]</a> "our Authorized version" (1731,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETwells173195-32">[27]</a> 1792<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewcome1792113-33">[28]</a>) and "the authorized version" (1801, uncapitalized)<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.1801145-34">[29]</a> are found. A more common appellation in the 17th and 18th centuries was "our English translation" or "our English version", as can be seen by searching one or other of the major online archives of printed books. In Britain, the 1611 translation is generally known as the "Authorized Version" today. The term is somewhat of a misnomer because the text itself was never formally "authorized", nor were English parish churches ever ordered to procure copies of it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenslade1963168-35">[30]</a> King James' Version, evidently a descriptive phrase, is found being used as early as 1814.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1814209-36">[31]</a> "The King James Version" is found, unequivocally used as a name, in a letter from 1855.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChapman1856270-37">[32]</a> The next year King James Bible, with no possessive, appears as a name in a Scottish source.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.1856530–31-38">[33]</a> In the United States, the "1611 translation" (actually editions following the standard text of 1769, see below) is generally known as the King James Version today. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earlier_English_translations">Earlier English translations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Earlier English translations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/English_translations_of_the_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="English translations of the Bible">English translations of the Bible</a></div> There were <a href="/wiki/Middle_English_Bible_translations" title="Middle English Bible translations">several translations</a> into <a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a> of large portions of Scriptures in the 14th Century, with the first <a href="/wiki/Wycliffe%27s_Bible" title="Wycliffe's Bible">complete bibles</a> probably being made by the followers of <a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a>. These translations were effectively but not formally <a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_the_Bible" title="Censorship of the Bible">banned</a> in 1409 due to their association with the <a href="/wiki/Lollards" class="mw-redirect" title="Lollards">Lollards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell200375-39">[34]</a> The Wycliffite Bibles pre-dated the <a href="/wiki/Printing_press" title="Printing press">printing press</a> but were circulated very widely in manuscript form. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Tyndale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/William_Tyndale.jpg/220px-William_Tyndale.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/William_Tyndale.jpg/330px-William_Tyndale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/William_Tyndale.jpg/440px-William_Tyndale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1335" data-file-height="1619" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Tyndale" title="William Tyndale">William Tyndale</a> translated the New Testament into English in 1525.</figcaption></figure> In 1525, <a href="/wiki/William_Tyndale" title="William Tyndale">William Tyndale</a>, an English contemporary of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a>, undertook <a href="/wiki/Tyndale_Bible" title="Tyndale Bible">a translation</a> of the New Testament into <a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_English" title="Early Modern English">Early Modern English</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003143-40">[35]</a> Tyndale's translation was the first printed Bible in English. Over the next ten years, Tyndale revised his New Testament in the light of rapidly advancing biblical scholarship, and embarked on a translation of the Old Testament.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003152-41">[36]</a> Despite some controversial translation choices, and in spite of Tyndale's execution on charges of heresy for being a Lutheran,<a href="#cite_note-health-42">[37]</a> the merits of Tyndale's work and prose style made his translation the ultimate basis for all subsequent renditions into Early Modern English.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003156-43">[38]</a> With these translations lightly edited and adapted by <a href="/wiki/Myles_Coverdale" title="Myles Coverdale">Myles Coverdale</a> to remove offensive notes, in 1539, Tyndale's New Testament and his incomplete work on the Old Testament became the basis for the <a href="/wiki/Great_Bible" title="Great Bible">Great Bible</a>. This was the first "authorised version" issued by the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> during the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003204-12">[7]</a> When <a href="/wiki/Mary_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary I">Mary I</a> succeeded to the throne in 1553, she returned the Church of England to the communion of the Catholic faith and many English religious reformers fled the country,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003277-44">[39]</a> some establishing an English-speaking community in the Protestant city of <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>. Under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a>, Geneva became the chief international centre of <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Protestantism" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformed Protestantism">Reformed Protestantism</a> and Latin biblical scholarship.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003291-45">[40]</a> These English <a href="/wiki/Expatriates" class="mw-redirect" title="Expatriates">expatriates</a> undertook a translation that became known as the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Bible" title="Geneva Bible">Geneva Bible</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003292-46">[41]</a> This translation, dated to 1560, was a revision of Tyndale's Bible and the Great Bible on the basis of the original languages.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003304-47">[42]</a> Soon after <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a> took the throne in 1558, problems with both the Great and Geneva Bibles (namely, that the latter did not "conform to the ecclesiology and reflect the episcopal structure of the Church of England and its beliefs about an ordained clergy") became apparent to church authorities.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003339-48">[43]</a> In 1568, the Church of England responded with the <a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Bible" title="Bishops' Bible">Bishops' Bible</a>, a revision of the Great Bible in the light of the Geneva version.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003344-49">[44]</a> While officially approved, this new version failed to displace the Geneva translation as the most popular English Bible of the age, in part because the full Bible was printed only in <a href="/wiki/Lectern" title="Lectern">lectern</a> editions of prodigious size and at a cost of several pounds.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001186-50">[45]</a> Accordingly, Elizabethan lay people overwhelmingly read the Bible in the Geneva Version, as small editions were available at a relatively low cost. At the same time, there was a substantial clandestine importation of the rival <a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims" class="mw-redirect" title="Douay–Rheims">Douay–Rheims</a> New Testament of 1582, undertaken by exiled Catholics. This translation, though still derived from Tyndale, claimed to represent the text of the Latin Vulgate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003364-51">[46]</a> In May 1601, <a href="/wiki/King_James_VI_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="King James VI of Scotland">King James VI of Scotland</a> attended the <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">General Assembly of the Church of Scotland</a> at Saint Columba's Church in <a href="/wiki/Burntisland" title="Burntisland">Burntisland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a>, at which proposals were put forward for a new translation of the Bible into English.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001221-52">[47]</a> Two years later, he ascended to the throne of England as James I.<a href="#cite_note-How_the_mighty_has_fallen:_The_King_James_Bible_turns_400-53">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Considerations_for_a_new_version">Considerations for a new version</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Considerations for a new version">edit</a>]</div> The newly crowned King James convened the <a href="/wiki/Hampton_Court_Conference" title="Hampton Court Conference">Hampton Court Conference</a> in 1604. That gathering proposed a new English version in response to the perceived problems of earlier translations as detected by the <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> faction of the Church of England. Here are three examples of problems the Puritans perceived with the Bishops and Great Bibles: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">First, <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Galatians" title="Epistle to the Galatians">Galatians</a> iv. 25 (from the Bishops' Bible). The Greek word susoichei is not well translated as now it is, bordereth neither expressing the force of the word, nor the apostle's sense, nor the situation of the place. Secondly, <a href="/wiki/Psalm" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm">psalm</a> cv. 28 (from the <a href="/wiki/Great_Bible" title="Great Bible">Great Bible</a>), 'They were not obedient;' the original being, 'They were not disobedient.' Thirdly, psalm cvi. 30 (also from the Great Bible), 'Then stood up Phinees and prayed,' the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a> hath, 'executed judgment.'<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003433-54">[49]</a></blockquote> Instructions were given to the translators that were intended to use <a href="/wiki/Formal_equivalence" class="mw-redirect" title="Formal equivalence">formal equivalence</a> and limit the Puritan influence on this new translation. The <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_London" title="Bishop of London">Bishop of London</a> added a qualification that the translators would add no marginal notes (which had been an issue in the Geneva Bible).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439-17">[12]</a> King James cited two passages in the Geneva translation where he found the marginal notes offensive to the principles of <a href="/wiki/Divine_right_of_kings" title="Divine right of kings">divinely ordained royal supremacy</a>:<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003434-55">[50]</a> Exodus 1:19, where the Geneva Bible notes had commended the example of civil disobedience to the Egyptian <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a> showed by the <a href="/wiki/Shiphrah_and_Puah" title="Shiphrah and Puah">Hebrew midwives</a>, and also II Chronicles 15:16, where the Geneva Bible had criticized King Asa for not having executed his idolatrous 'mother', Queen Maachah (Maachah had actually been Asa's grandmother, but James considered the Geneva Bible reference as sanctioning the execution of his own mother <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a>).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003434-55">[50]</a> Further, the King gave the translators instructions designed to guarantee that the new version would conform to the <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiology" title="Ecclesiology">ecclesiology</a> of the Church of England.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439-17">[12]</a> Certain Greek and Hebrew words were to be translated in a manner that reflected the traditional usage of the church.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439-17">[12]</a> For example, old ecclesiastical words such as the word "church" were to be retained and not to be translated as "congregation".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439-17">[12]</a> The new translation would reflect the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">episcopal</a> structure of the Church of England and traditional beliefs about <a href="/wiki/Ordained" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordained">ordained</a> clergy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439-17">[12]</a> The source material for the translation of the New Testament was the <a href="/wiki/Textus_Receptus" title="Textus Receptus">Textus Receptus</a> version of the Greek compiled by <a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a>; for the Old Testament, the <a href="/wiki/Masoretic" class="mw-redirect" title="Masoretic">Masoretic</a> text of the Hebrew was used; for some of the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha#King_James_Version" title="Biblical apocrypha">apocrypha</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a> Greek text was used, or for apocrypha for which the Greek was unavailable, the <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a> Latin. James' instructions included several requirements that kept the new translation familiar to its listeners and readers. The text of the <a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Bible" title="Bishops' Bible">Bishops' Bible</a> would serve as the primary guide for the translators, and the familiar proper names of the biblical characters would all be retained. If the Bishops' Bible was deemed problematic in any situation, the translators were permitted to consult other translations from a pre-approved list: the <a href="/wiki/Tyndale_Bible" title="Tyndale Bible">Tyndale Bible</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Coverdale_Bible" title="Coverdale Bible">Coverdale Bible</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matthew%27s_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew's Bible">Matthew's Bible</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Bible" title="Great Bible">Great Bible</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Bible" title="Geneva Bible">Geneva Bible</a>. In addition, later scholars have detected an influence on the Authorized Version from the translations of <a href="/wiki/Taverner%27s_Bible" title="Taverner's Bible">Taverner's Bible</a> and the New Testament of the <a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims_Bible" title="Douay–Rheims Bible">Douay–Rheims Bible</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001328-56">[51]</a> It is for this reason that the flyleaf of most printings of the Authorized Version observes that the text had been "translated out of the original tongues, and with the former translations diligently compared and revised, by His Majesty's special commandment." As the work proceeded, more detailed rules were adopted as to how variant and uncertain readings in the Hebrew and Greek source texts should be indicated, including the requirement that words supplied in English to 'complete the meaning' of the originals should be printed in a different type face.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200510-57">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translation_committees">Translation committees</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Translation committees">edit</a>]</div> The task of translation was undertaken by 47 scholars, although 54 were originally approved.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003436-18">[13]</a> All were members of the Church of England and all except <a href="/wiki/Sir_Henry_Savile" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Henry Savile">Sir Henry Savile</a> were clergy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001223-58">[53]</a> The scholars worked in six committees, two based in each of the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, and <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster</a>. The committees included scholars with Puritan sympathies, as well as <a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">high churchmen</a>. Forty unbound copies of the 1602 edition of the Bishops' Bible were specially printed so that the agreed changes of each committee could be recorded in the margins.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003442-59">[54]</a> The committees worked on certain parts separately and the drafts produced by each committee were then compared and revised for harmony with each other.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003444-60">[55]</a> The scholars were not paid directly for their translation work. Instead, a circular letter was sent to bishops encouraging them to consider the translators for appointment to well-paid <a href="/wiki/Benefice" title="Benefice">livings</a> as these fell vacant.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001223-58">[53]</a> Several were supported by the various colleges at Oxford and Cambridge, while others were promoted to <a href="/wiki/Bishoprics" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishoprics">bishoprics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deaneries" class="mw-redirect" title="Deaneries">deaneries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prebend" class="mw-redirect" title="Prebend">prebends</a> through <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">royal patronage</a>. On 22 July 1604 King <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI and I</a> sent a letter to <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_Bancroft" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop Bancroft">Archbishop Bancroft</a> asking him to contact all English churchmen requesting that they make donations to his project. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">Right trusty and well beloved, we greet you well. Whereas we have appointed certain learned men, to the number of 4 and 50, for the translating of the Bible, and in this number, divers of them have either no ecclesiastical preferment at all, or else so very small, as the same is far unmeet for men of their deserts and yet we in ourself in any convenient time cannot well remedy it, therefor we do hereby require you, that presently you write in our name as well to the Archbishop of York, as to the rest of the bishops of the province of Cant.[erbury] signifying unto them, that we do well and straitly charge everyone of them ... that (all excuses set apart) when a prebend or parsonage ... shall next upon any occasion happen to be void ... we may commend for the same some such of the learned men, as we shall think fit to be preferred unto it ... Given unto our signet at our palace of West.[minister] on 2 and 20 July, in the 2nd year of our reign of England, France, and of Ireland, and of Scotland xxxvii.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWallechinskyWallace1975235-61">[56]</a></blockquote> The six committees started work towards the end of 1604. The Apocrypha committee finishing first, and all six completed their sections by 1608.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200511-62">[57]</a> From January 1609, a General Committee of Review met at <a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Stationers_and_Newspaper_Makers" title="Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers">Stationers' Hall, London</a> to review the completed marked texts from each of the committees, and were paid for their attendance by the Stationers' Company. The General Committee included <a href="/wiki/John_Bois" title="John Bois">John Bois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Downes_(scholar)" title="Andrew Downes (scholar)">Andrew Downes</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Harmar" title="John Harmar">John Harmar</a>, and others known only by their initials, including "AL" (who may be <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lake,_Bishop_of_Bath_and_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Lake, Bishop of Bath and Wells">Arthur Lake</a>). John Bois prepared a note of their deliberations (in Latin) – which has partly survived in two later transcripts.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoisAllenWalker1969-63">[58]</a> Also surviving of the translators' working papers are a bound set of marked-up corrections to one of the forty Bishops' Bibles—covering the Old Testament and Gospels;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200520-64">[59]</a> and also a manuscript translation of the text of the <a href="/wiki/Epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="Epistles">Epistles</a>, excepting those verses where no change was being recommended to the readings in the Bishops' Bible.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200516-65">[60]</a> Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bancroft" title="Richard Bancroft">Bancroft</a> insisted on having a final say making fourteen further changes, of which one was the term "bishopricke" at Acts 1:20.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001257-66">[61]</a> <ul><li>First Westminster Company, translated <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Genesis</a> to <a href="/wiki/2_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Kings">2 Kings</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lancelot_Andrewes" title="Lancelot Andrewes">Lancelot Andrewes</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Overall_(Bishop)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Overall (Bishop)">John Overall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadrian_%C3%A0_Saravia" title="Hadrian à Saravia">Hadrian à Saravia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Clarke_(vicar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Clarke (vicar)">Richard Clarke</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Layfield_(theologian)" title="John Layfield (theologian)">John Layfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Tighe" title="Robert Tighe">Robert Tighe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Burleigh" title="Francis Burleigh">Francis Burleigh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_King_(theologian)" title="Geoffrey King (theologian)">Geoffrey King</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Thomson_(theologian)" title="Richard Thomson (theologian)">Richard Thomson</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Bedwell" title="William Bedwell">William Bedwell</a>;</li> <li>First Cambridge Company, translated <a href="/wiki/1_Chronicles" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Chronicles">1 Chronicles</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Song_of_Solomon" class="mw-redirect" title="Song of Solomon">Song of Solomon</a>: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lively" title="Edward Lively">Edward Lively</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(translator)" title="John Richardson (translator)">John Richardson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Chaderton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Chaderton">Lawrence Chaderton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Dillingham" title="Francis Dillingham">Francis Dillingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Andrewes" title="Roger Andrewes">Roger Andrewes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Harrison_(translator)" title="Thomas Harrison (translator)">Thomas Harrison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Spaulding" title="Robert Spaulding">Robert Spaulding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bing" title="Andrew Bing">Andrew Bing</a>;</li> <li>First Oxford Company, translated <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Isaiah</a> to <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Malachi" title="Book of Malachi">Malachi</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Harding_(President_of_Magdalen)" title="John Harding (President of Magdalen)">John Harding</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Rainolds" title="John Rainolds">John Rainolds</a> (or Reynolds), <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holland_(translator)" title="Thomas Holland (translator)">Thomas Holland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kilby" title="Richard Kilby">Richard Kilby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miles_Smith_(bishop)" title="Miles Smith (bishop)">Miles Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Brett" title="Richard Brett">Richard Brett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Fairclough" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Fairclough">Daniel Fairclough</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Thorne_(orientalist)" title="William Thorne (orientalist)">William Thorne</a>;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeCoursey2003331–32-67">[62]</a></li> <li>Second Oxford Company, translated the <a href="/wiki/Canonical_gospels" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical gospels">Gospels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts of the Apostles</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ravis" title="Thomas Ravis">Thomas Ravis</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Abbot_(bishop)" title="George Abbot (bishop)">George Abbot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edes" title="Richard Edes">Richard Eedes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giles_Tomson" class="mw-redirect" title="Giles Tomson">Giles Tomson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Henry_Savile" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Henry Savile">Sir Henry Savile</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Peryn" class="mw-redirect" title="John Peryn">John Peryn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Ravens" title="Ralph Ravens">Ralph Ravens</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Harmar" title="John Harmar">John Harmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Aglionby_(divine)" title="John Aglionby (divine)">John Aglionby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Hutten" title="Leonard Hutten">Leonard Hutten</a>;</li> <li>Second Westminster Company, translated the <a href="/wiki/Epistle" title="Epistle">Epistles</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Barlow_(Bishop_of_Lincoln)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Barlow (Bishop of Lincoln)">William Barlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Spenser" title="John Spenser">John Spenser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Fenton_(clergyman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Fenton (clergyman)">Roger Fenton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hutchinson_(President_of_St_John%27s)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Hutchinson (President of St John's)">Ralph Hutchinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Dakins" title="William Dakins">William Dakins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rabbet" title="Michael Rabbet">Michael Rabbet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sanderson_(priest)" title="Thomas Sanderson (priest)">Thomas Sanderson</a> (who probably had already become <a href="/wiki/Archdeacon_of_Rochester" title="Archdeacon of Rochester">Archdeacon of Rochester</a>);</li> <li>Second Cambridge Company, translated the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">Apocrypha</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Duport" title="John Duport">John Duport</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Branthwaite" title="William Branthwaite">William Branthwaite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Radcliffe" title="Jeremiah Radcliffe">Jeremiah Radcliffe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_(scholar)" title="Samuel Ward (scholar)">Samuel Ward</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Downes_(scholar)" title="Andrew Downes (scholar)">Andrew Downes</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Bois" title="John Bois">John Bois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ward_(scholar)" title="Robert Ward (scholar)">Robert Ward</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bilson" title="Thomas Bilson">Thomas Bilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bancroft" title="Richard Bancroft">Richard Bancroft</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001223–44-68">[63]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Printing">Printing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Printing">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Bancroft.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Richard_Bancroft.png/250px-Richard_Bancroft.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Richard_Bancroft.png 1.5x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bancroft" title="Richard Bancroft">Richard Bancroft</a> was the "chief overseer" of the production of the Authorized Version.</figcaption></figure> The original printing of the Authorized Version was published by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Barker_(printer)" title="Robert Barker (printer)">Robert Barker</a>, the King's Printer, in 1611 as a complete folio Bible.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968309-69">[64]</a> It was sold <a href="/wiki/Looseleaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Looseleaf">looseleaf</a> for ten <a href="/wiki/Shilling" title="Shilling">shillings</a>, or bound for twelve.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968310-70">[65]</a> Robert Barker's father, Christopher, had, in 1589, been granted by Elizabeth I the title of royal Printer,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003453-71">[66]</a> with the perpetual Royal Privilege to print Bibles in England.<a href="#cite_note-72">[f]</a> Robert Barker invested very large sums in printing the new edition, and consequently ran into serious debt,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003451-73">[67]</a> such that he was compelled to sub-lease the privilege to two rival London printers, Bonham Norton and John Bill.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003454-74">[68]</a> It appears that it was initially intended that each printer would print a portion of the text, share printed sheets with the others, and split the proceeds. Bitter financial disputes broke out, as Barker accused Norton and Bill of concealing their profits, while Norton and Bill accused Barker of selling sheets properly due to them as partial Bibles for ready money.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003455-75">[69]</a> There followed decades of continual litigation, and consequent imprisonment for debt for members of the Barker and Norton printing dynasties,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003455-75">[69]</a> while each issued rival editions of the whole Bible. In 1629 the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge successfully managed to assert separate and prior royal licences for Bible printing, for their own university presses—and Cambridge University took the opportunity to print revised editions of the Authorized Version in 1629,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968424-76">[70]</a> and 1638.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968520-77">[71]</a> The editors of these editions included John Bois and Samuel Ward from the original translators. This did not, however, impede the commercial rivalries of the London printers, especially as the Barker family refused to allow any other printers access to the authoritative manuscript of the Authorized Version.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell20034557-78">[72]</a> Two editions of the whole Bible are recognized as having been produced in 1611, which may be distinguished by their rendering of Ruth 3:15;<a href="#cite_note-79">[73]</a> the first edition reading "he went into the city", where the second reads "she went into the city";<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200562-80">[74]</a> these are known colloquially as the "He" and "She" Bibles.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.1996-81">[75]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kjv-hebrews.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Kjv-hebrews.png/330px-Kjv-hebrews.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Kjv-hebrews.png/500px-Kjv-hebrews.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Kjv-hebrews.png/960px-Kjv-hebrews.png 2x" data-file-width="1589" data-file-height="2443" /></a><figcaption>The opening of the <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Hebrews" title="Epistle to the Hebrews">Epistle to the Hebrews</a> of the 1611 edition of the Authorized Version shows the original <a href="/wiki/Typeface" title="Typeface">typeface</a>. The text of the Bible (only) is in black text. Marginal notes reference variant translations and cross references to other Bible passages. Each chapter is headed by a précis of contents. There are decorative initial letters for each chapter, and a decorated headpiece to each book, but no illustrations in the text.</figcaption></figure> The original printing was made before <a href="/wiki/English_spelling" class="mw-redirect" title="English spelling">English spelling</a> was standardized, and when printers, as a matter of course, expanded and contracted the spelling of the same words in different places, so as to achieve an even column of text.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200546-82">[76]</a> They set v for initial u and v, and u for u and v everywhere else. They used the long s (<a href="/wiki/Long_s" title="Long s">ſ</a>) for non-final s.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001261-83">[77]</a> The letter or <a href="/wiki/Glyph" title="Glyph">glyph</a> j occurs only after i, as in the final letter in a <a href="/wiki/Roman_numeral" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman numeral">Roman numeral</a>, such as XIIJ. <a href="/wiki/Punctuation" title="Punctuation">Punctuation</a> was relatively heavy (frequent) and differed from modern practice.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">how?</a>] When space needed to be saved, the printers sometimes used ye for the (replacing the <a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a> <a href="/wiki/Thorn_(letter)" title="Thorn (letter)">thorn</a>, Þ, with the continental y), set ã for an or am (in the style of scribe's <a href="/wiki/Shorthand" title="Shorthand">shorthand</a>), and set & for and. In contrast, on a few occasions, they appear to have inserted these words when they thought a line needed to be padded.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Later printings regularized these spellings; the punctuation has also been standardized, but still varies from current usage. As can be seen in the example page on the left, the first printing used a <a href="/wiki/Blackletter" title="Blackletter">blackletter</a> <a href="/wiki/Typeface" title="Typeface">typeface</a> instead of a roman typeface, which itself made a political and a religious statement.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">further explanation needed</a>] Like the <a href="/wiki/Great_Bible" title="Great Bible">Great Bible</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Bible" title="Bishops' Bible">Bishops' Bible</a>, the Authorized Version was "appointed to be read in churches". It was a large <a href="/wiki/Book_size" title="Book size">folio</a> volume meant for public use, not private devotion; the weight of the type—blackletter type was heavy physically as well as visually—mirrored the weight of establishment authority behind it.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] However, smaller editions and roman-type editions followed rapidly, e.g. quarto roman-type editions of the Bible in 1612.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968313–14-84">[78]</a> This contrasted with the Geneva Bible, which was the first English Bible printed in a roman typeface (although black-letter editions, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Folio" title="Folio">folio</a> format, were issued later). In contrast to the Geneva Bible and the Bishops' Bible, which had both been extensively illustrated, there were no illustrations in the 1611 edition of the Authorized Version, the main form of decoration being the <a href="/wiki/Historiated_initial" class="mw-redirect" title="Historiated initial">historiated initial</a> letters provided for books and chapters – together with the decorative title pages to the Bible itself, and to the New Testament.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In the Great Bible, readings derived from the Vulgate but not found in published Hebrew and Greek texts had been distinguished by being printed in smaller <a href="/wiki/Roman_type" title="Roman type">roman type</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188461-85">[79]</a> In the Geneva Bible, a distinct typeface had instead been applied to distinguish text supplied by translators, or thought needful for English <a href="/wiki/Grammar" title="Grammar">grammar</a> but not present in the Greek or Hebrew; and the original printing of the Authorized Version used roman type for this purpose, albeit sparsely and inconsistently.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188470-86">[80]</a> This results in perhaps the most significant difference between the original printed text of the King James Bible and the current text. When, from the later 17th century onwards, the Authorized Version began to be printed in roman type, the typeface for supplied words was changed to <a href="/wiki/Italics" class="mw-redirect" title="Italics">italics</a>, this application being regularized and greatly expanded. This was intended to de-emphasize the words.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005162-87">[81]</a> The original printing contained two prefatory texts; the first was a formal <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Preface" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Preface">Epistle Dedicatory</a> to "the most high and mighty Prince" King James. Many British printings reproduce this, while most non-British printings do not.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The second preface was called <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(Authorized_Version)/Translators_to_the_Reader" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (Authorized Version)/Translators to the Reader">Translators to the Reader</a>, a long and learned essay that defends the undertaking of the new version. It observes the translators' stated goal, that they "never thought from the beginning that [they] should need to make a new translation, nor yet to make of a bad one a good one, ... but to make a good one better, or out of many good ones, one principal good one, not justly to be excepted against; that hath been our endeavour, that our mark." They also give their opinion of previous English Bible translations, stating, "We do not deny, nay, we affirm and avow, that the very meanest translation of the Bible in English, set forth by men of our profession, (for we have seen none of theirs [Catholics] of the whole Bible as yet) containeth the word of God, nay, is the word of God." As with the first preface, some British printings reproduce this, while most non-British printings do not. Almost every printing that includes the second preface also includes the first.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The first printing contained a number of other <a href="/wiki/Critical_apparatus" title="Critical apparatus">apparatus</a>, including a table for the reading of the Psalms at <a href="/wiki/Matins" title="Matins">matins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Evensong" title="Evensong">evensong</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">calendar</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Almanac" title="Almanac">almanac</a>, and a table of holy days and observances. Much of this material became obsolete with the adoption of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> by Britain and its colonies in 1752, and thus modern editions invariably omit it.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] So as to make it easier to know a particular passage, each chapter was headed by a brief précis of its contents with verse numbers. Later editors freely substituted their own chapter summaries, or omitted such material entirely.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <a href="/wiki/Pilcrow" title="Pilcrow">Pilcrow</a> marks are used to indicate the beginnings of paragraphs except after the book of Acts.<a href="#cite_note-Norton-88">[g]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Authorized_Version">Authorized Version</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Authorized Version">edit</a>]</div> The Authorized Version was meant to replace the Bishops' Bible as the official version for readings in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>. No record of its authorization exists; it was probably effected by an order of the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_England" title="Privy Council of England">Privy Council</a>, but the records for the years 1600 to 1613 were destroyed by fire in January 1618/19,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas1974Bible_(English_Versions)-21">[16]</a> and it is commonly known as the Authorized Version in the United Kingdom. The King's Printer issued no further editions of the Bishops' Bible,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003453-71">[66]</a> so necessarily the Authorized Version replaced it as the standard lectern Bible in parish church use in England. In the 1662 Book of Common Prayer, the text of the Authorized Version finally supplanted that of the Great Bible in the Epistle and Gospel readings<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProcterFrere1902187-89">[82]</a>—though the Prayer Book <a href="/wiki/Psalter" title="Psalter">Psalter</a> nevertheless continues in the Great Bible version.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHague1948353-90">[83]</a> The case was different in Scotland, where the Geneva Bible had long been the standard church Bible. It was not until 1633 that a Scottish edition of the Authorized Version was printed—in conjunction with the Scots coronation in that year of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003458-91">[84]</a> The inclusion of illustrations in the edition raised accusations of <a href="/wiki/Popery" title="Popery">Popery</a> from opponents of the religious policies of Charles and <a href="/wiki/William_Laud" title="William Laud">William Laud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>. However, official policy favoured the Authorized Version, and this favour returned during the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England">Commonwealth</a>—as London printers succeeded in re-asserting their monopoly on Bible printing with support from <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>—and the "New Translation" was the only edition on the market.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003459-92">[85]</a> F. F. Bruce reports that the last recorded instance of a Scots parish continuing to use the "Old Translation" (i.e. Geneva) as being in 1674.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBruce200292-93">[86]</a> The Authorized Version's acceptance by the general public took longer. The Geneva Bible continued to be popular, and large numbers were imported from Amsterdam, where printing continued up to 1644 in editions carrying a false London imprint.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHill199365-94">[87]</a> However, few if any genuine Geneva editions appear to have been printed in London after 1616, and in 1637 <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_Laud" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop Laud">Archbishop Laud</a> prohibited their printing or importation. In the period of the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>, soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/New_Model_Army" title="New Model Army">New Model Army</a> were issued a book of Geneva selections called "The Soldiers' Bible".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968577-95">[88]</a> In the first half of the 17th century the Authorized Version is most commonly referred to as "The Bible without notes", thereby distinguishing it from the Geneva "Bible with notes".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003458-91">[84]</a> There were several printings of the Authorized Version in Amsterdam—one as late as 1715<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968936-96">[89]</a> which combined the Authorized Version translation text with the Geneva marginal notes;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003457-97">[90]</a> one such edition was printed in London in 1649. During the Commonwealth a commission was established by <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament</a> to recommend a revision of the Authorized Version with acceptably Protestant explanatory notes,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHill199365-94">[87]</a> but the project was abandoned when it became clear that these would nearly double the bulk of the Bible text. After the <a href="/wiki/English_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="English Restoration">English Restoration</a>, the Geneva Bible was held to be politically suspect and a reminder of the repudiated Puritan era.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Furthermore, disputes over the lucrative rights to print the Authorized Version dragged on through the 17th century, so none of the printers involved saw any commercial advantage in marketing a rival translation.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The Authorized Version became the only then current version circulating among English-speaking people. A small minority of critical scholars were slow to accept the latest translation. <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Broughton" title="Hugh Broughton">Hugh Broughton</a>, who was the most highly regarded English <a href="/wiki/Hebraist" title="Hebraist">Hebraist</a> of his time but had been excluded from the panel of translators because of his utterly uncongenial temperament,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001264-98">[91]</a> issued in 1611 a total condemnation of the new version.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001266-99">[92]</a> He especially criticized the translators' rejection of word-for-word equivalence and stated that "he would rather be torn in pieces by wild horses than that this abominable translation (KJV) should ever be foisted upon the English people".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001265-100">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Walton_(bishop)" title="Brian Walton (bishop)">Walton's London Polyglot</a> of 1657 disregards the Authorized Version (and indeed the English language) entirely.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003510-101">[94]</a> Walton's reference text throughout is the Vulgate. The Vulgate Latin is also found as the standard text of scripture in <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Leviathan_(Hobbes_book)" title="Leviathan (Hobbes book)">Leviathan</a> of 1651.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003478-102">[95]</a> Hobbes gives Vulgate chapter and verse numbers (e.g., Job 41:24, not Job 41:33) for his head text. In Chapter 35: 'The Signification in Scripture of Kingdom of God', Hobbes discusses Exodus 19:5, first in his own translation of the 'Vulgar Latin', and then subsequently as found in the versions he terms "... the English translation made in the beginning of the reign of King James", and "The Geneva French" (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Robert_Oliv%C3%A9tan" title="Pierre Robert Olivétan">Olivétan</a>). Hobbes advances detailed critical arguments why the Vulgate rendering is to be preferred. For most of the 17th century the assumption remained that, while it had been of vital importance to provide the scriptures in the vernacular for ordinary people, nevertheless for those with sufficient education to do so, Biblical study was best undertaken within the international common medium of Latin. It was only in 1700 that modern bilingual Bibles appeared in which the Authorized Version was compared with counterpart Dutch and French Protestant vernacular Bibles.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003489-103">[96]</a> In consequence of the continual disputes over printing privileges, successive printings of the Authorized Version were notably less careful than the 1611 edition had been—compositors freely varying spelling, capitalization and punctuation<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200594-104">[97]</a>—and also, over the years, introducing about 1,500 misprints (some of which, like the omission of "not" from the commandment "Thou shalt not commit adultery" in the "<a href="/wiki/Wicked_Bible" title="Wicked Bible">Wicked Bible</a>",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968444-105">[98]</a> became notorious). The two Cambridge editions of 1629 and 1638 attempted to restore the proper text—while introducing over 200 revisions of the original translators' work, chiefly by incorporating into the main text a more literal reading originally presented as a marginal note.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884147–94-106">[99]</a> A more thoroughly corrected edition was proposed following the <a href="/wiki/English_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="English Restoration">Restoration</a>, in conjunction with the revised 1662 <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1662)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1662)">Book of Common Prayer</a>, but Parliament then decided against it.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] By the first half of the 18th century, the Authorized Version was effectively unchallenged as the sole English translation in then current use in Protestant churches,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003488-19">[14]</a> and was so dominant that the Catholic Church in England issued in 1750 a revision of the 1610 <a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims_Bible" title="Douay–Rheims Bible">Douay–Rheims Bible</a> by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Challoner" title="Richard Challoner">Richard Challoner</a> that was much closer to the Authorized Version than to the original.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003515-107">[100]</a> However, general standards of spelling, punctuation, typesetting, capitalization and grammar had changed radically in the 100 years since the first edition of the Authorized Version, and all printers in the market were introducing continual piecemeal changes to their Bible texts to bring them into line with then current practice—and with public expectations of standardized spelling and grammatical construction.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200599-108">[101]</a> Over the course of the 18th century, the Authorized Version supplanted the Hebrew, Greek and the Latin Vulgate as the standard version of scripture for English speaking scholars and divines, and indeed came to be regarded by some as an inspired text in itself—so much so that any challenge to its readings or textual base came to be regarded by many as an assault on Holy Scripture.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003619-109">[102]</a> In the 18th century there was a serious shortage of Bibles in the American colonies. To meet the demand <a href="/wiki/Early_American_publishers_and_printers" title="Early American publishers and printers">various printers</a>, beginning with <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Kneeland_(printer)" title="Samuel Kneeland (printer)">Samuel Kneeland</a> in 1752, printed the King James Bible without authorization from the Crown. To avert prosecution and detection of an unauthorized printing they would include the royal insignia on the title page, using the same materials in its printing as the authorized version was produced from, which were imported from England.<a href="#cite_note-newgass32-110">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Standard_text_of_1769">Standard text of 1769</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Standard text of 1769">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1760_Cambridge_Edition_King_James_Bible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/1760_Cambridge_Edition_King_James_Bible.png/260px-1760_Cambridge_Edition_King_James_Bible.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/1760_Cambridge_Edition_King_James_Bible.png/390px-1760_Cambridge_Edition_King_James_Bible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/1760_Cambridge_Edition_King_James_Bible.png/520px-1760_Cambridge_Edition_King_James_Bible.png 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="824" /></a><figcaption>Title page of the 1760 Cambridge edition</figcaption></figure> By the mid-18th century the wide variation in the various modernized printed texts of the Authorized Version, combined with the notorious accumulation of misprints, had reached the proportion of a scandal, and the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge both sought to produce an updated standard text. First of the two was the Cambridge edition of 1760, the culmination of 20 years' work by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Sawyer_Parris" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Sawyer Parris">Francis Sawyer Parris</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005-112">[105]</a> who died in May of that year. This 1760 edition was reprinted without change in 1762<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert19681142-113">[106]</a> and in <a href="/wiki/John_Baskerville" title="John Baskerville">John Baskerville</a>'s folio edition of 1763.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005106-114">[107]</a> This was effectively superseded by the 1769 Oxford edition, edited by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Blayney" title="Benjamin Blayney">Benjamin Blayney</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert19681196-115">[108]</a> though with comparatively few changes from Parris's edition; but which became the Oxford standard text, and is reproduced almost unchanged in most current printings.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005113-116">[109]</a> Parris and Blayney sought consistently to remove those elements of the 1611 and subsequent editions that they believed were due to the vagaries of printers, while incorporating most of the revised readings of the Cambridge editions of 1629 and 1638, and each also introducing a few improved readings of their own. They undertook the mammoth task of standardizing the wide variation in punctuation and spelling of the original, making many thousands of minor changes to the text. In addition, Blayney and Parris thoroughly revised and greatly extended the italicization of "supplied" words not found in the original languages by cross-checking against the presumed source texts. Blayney seems to have worked from the 1550 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Estienne" title="Robert Estienne">Stephanus</a> edition of the <a href="/wiki/Textus_Receptus" title="Textus Receptus">Textus Receptus</a>, rather than the later editions of <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Beza" title="Theodore Beza">Theodore Beza</a> that the translators of the 1611 New Testament had favoured; accordingly the current Oxford standard text alters around a dozen italicizations where Beza and Stephanus differ.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884242-117">[110]</a> Like the 1611 edition, the 1769 Oxford edition included the Apocrypha, although Blayney tended to remove cross-references to the Books of the Apocrypha from the margins of their Old and New Testaments wherever these had been provided by the original translators. It also includes both prefaces from the 1611 edition. Altogether, the standardization of spelling and punctuation caused Blayney's 1769 text to differ from the 1611 text in around 24,000 places.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005120-118">[111]</a> The 1611 and 1769 texts of the first three verses from I Corinthians 13 are given below. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">[1611] 1. Though I speake with the tongues of men & of Angels, and haue not charity, I am become as sounding brasse or a tinkling cymbal. 2 And though I haue the gift of prophesie, and vnderstand all mysteries and all knowledge: and though I haue all faith, so that I could remooue mountaines, and haue no charitie, I am nothing. 3 And though I bestowe all my goods to feede the poore, and though I giue my body to bee burned, and haue not charitie, it profiteth me nothing.</blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">[1769] 1. Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angels, and have not charity, I am become as sounding brass, or a tinkling cymbal. 2 And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not charity, I am nothing. 3 And though I bestow all my goods to feed the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, and have not charity, it profiteth me nothing.</blockquote> There are a number of superficial edits in these three verses: 11 changes of spelling, 16 changes of typesetting (including the changed conventions for the use of u and v), three changes of punctuation, and one variant text—where "not charity" is substituted for "no charity" in verse two, in the belief that the original reading was a misprint. A particular verse for which Blayney's 1769 text differs from Parris's 1760 version is Matthew 5:13, where Parris (1760) has <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">Ye are the salt of the earth: but if the salt have lost his savour, wherewith shall it be salted? it is thenceforth good for nothing but to be cast out, and to be troden under foot of men.</blockquote> Blayney (1769) changes 'lost his savour' to 'lost its savour', and troden to trodden. For a period, Cambridge continued to issue Bibles using the Parris text, but the market demand for absolute standardization was now such that they eventually adapted Blayney's work but omitted some of the idiosyncratic Oxford spellings. By the mid-19th century, almost all printings of the Authorized Version were derived from the 1769 Oxford text—increasingly without Blayney's variant notes and cross references, and commonly excluding the Apocrypha.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005125-119">[112]</a> One exception to this was a scrupulous original-spelling, page-for-page, and line-for-line reprint of the 1611 edition (including all chapter headings, marginalia, and original italicization, but with Roman type substituted for the black letter of the original), published by Oxford in 1833.<a href="#cite_note-121">[h]</a> Another important exception was the 1873 Cambridge Paragraph Bible, thoroughly revised, modernized and re-edited by <a href="/wiki/F._H._A._Scrivener" class="mw-redirect" title="F. H. A. Scrivener">F. H. A. Scrivener</a>, who for the first time consistently identified the source texts underlying the 1611 translation and its marginal notes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003691-122">[114]</a> Scrivener, like Blayney, opted to revise the translation where he considered the judgement of the 1611 translators had been faulty.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005122-123">[115]</a> In 2005, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a> released its <a href="/wiki/New_Cambridge_Paragraph_Bible" title="New Cambridge Paragraph Bible">New Cambridge Paragraph Bible</a> with Apocrypha, edited by David Norton, which followed in the spirit of Scrivener's work, attempting to bring spelling to present-day standards. Norton also innovated with the introduction of quotation marks, while returning to a hypothetical 1611 text, so far as possible, to the wording used by its translators, especially in the light of the re-emphasis on some of their draft documents.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005131-124">[116]</a> This text has been issued in paperback by <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2006-125">[117]</a> From the early 19th century the Authorized Version has remained almost completely unchanged—and since, due to advances in printing technology, it could now be produced in very large editions for mass sale, it established complete dominance in public and ecclesiastical use in the English-speaking Protestant world. Academic debate through that century, however, increasingly reflected concerns about the Authorized Version shared by some scholars: (a) that subsequent study in oriental languages suggested a need to revise the translation of the Hebrew Bible—both in terms of specific vocabulary, and also in distinguishing descriptive terms from proper names; (b) that the Authorized Version was unsatisfactory in translating the same Greek words and phrases into different English, especially where parallel passages are found in the <a href="/wiki/Synoptic_gospels" class="mw-redirect" title="Synoptic gospels">synoptic gospels</a>; and (c) in the light of subsequent ancient manuscript discoveries, the New Testament translation base of the Greek Textus Receptus could no longer be considered to be the best representation of the original text.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003685-126">[118]</a> Responding to these concerns, the <a href="/wiki/Convocation_of_Canterbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Convocation of Canterbury">Convocation of Canterbury</a> resolved in 1870 to undertake a revision of the text of the Authorized Version, intending to retain the original text "except where in the judgement of competent scholars such a change is necessary". The resulting revision was issued as the <a href="/wiki/Revised_Version" title="Revised Version">Revised Version</a> in 1881 (New Testament), 1885 (Old Testament) and 1894 (Apocrypha); but, although it sold widely, the revision did not find popular favour, and it was only reluctantly in 1899 that Convocation approved it for reading in churches.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChadwick197040–56-127">[119]</a> By the early 20th century, editing had been completed in Cambridge's text, with at least 6 new changes since 1769, and the reversing of at least 30 of the standard Oxford readings. The distinct Cambridge text was printed in the millions, and after the Second World War "the unchanging steadiness of the KJB was a huge asset."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton2005115,_126“[p._115,_ftn_1_...]_Josh._19:2;_[...]_Nahum_3:16;_[...]_Gen._10:7;_25:4;_[...]_Josh._10:1_(and_3);_19:19_(two_readings);_2_Sam._5:14;_21:21;_23:37;_1_Chr._2:49;_[...]_7:19;_23:20;_24:11;_2_Chr._20:36;_[...]_Neh._7:30;_[...]_Amos_2:2;_[...]”,_”[p._126_...]_2_Samuel_6[:8;_...]_Judg._13:19_[...]”_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005115,_126“[p._115,_ftn_1_...]_Josh._19:2;_[...]_Nahum_3:16;_[...]_Gen._10:7;_25:4;_[...]_Josh._10:1_(and_3);_19:19_(two_readings);_2_Sam._5:14;_21:21;_23:37;_1_Chr._2:49;_[...]_7:19;_23:20;_24:11;_2_Chr._20:36;_[...]_Neh._7:30;_[...]_Amos_2:2;_[...]”,_”[p._126_...]_2_Samuel_6[:8;_...]_Judg._13:19_[...]”-128">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editorial_criticism">Editorial criticism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Editorial criticism">edit</a>]</div> F. H. A. Scrivener and D. Norton have both written in detail on editorial variations which have occurred through the history of the publishing of the Authorized Version from 1611 to 1769. In the 19th century, there were effectively three main guardians of the text. Norton identified five variations among the Oxford, Cambridge, and London (Eyre and Spottiswoode) texts of 1857, such as the spelling of "farther" or "further" at Matthew 26:39.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005126-129">[121]</a> In the 20th century, variation between the editions was reduced to comparing the Cambridge to the Oxford. Distinctly identified Cambridge readings included "or Sheba",<a href="#cite_note-130">[122]</a> "sin",<a href="#cite_note-131">[123]</a> "clifts",<a href="#cite_note-132">[124]</a> "vapour",<a href="#cite_note-133">[125]</a> "flieth",<a href="#cite_note-134">[126]</a> "further"<a href="#cite_note-135">[127]</a> and a number of other references. In effect the Cambridge was considered the current text in comparison to the Oxford.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005144-136">[128]</a> These are instances where both Oxford and Cambridge have now diverged from Blayney's 1769 Edition. The distinctions between the Oxford and Cambridge editions have been a major point in the <a href="/wiki/Bible_version_debate" title="Bible version debate">Bible version debate</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhite2009-137">[129]</a> and a potential theological issue,<a href="#cite_note-138">[130]</a> particularly in regard to the identification of the Pure Cambridge Edition.<a href="#cite_note-139">[131]</a> Cambridge University Press introduced a change at 1 John 5:8<a href="#cite_note-140">[132]</a> in 1985, reversing its longstanding tradition of printing the word "spirit" in lower case by using a capital letter "S".<a href="#cite_note-141">[133]</a> A Rev. Hardin of Bedford, Pennsylvania, wrote a letter to Cambridge inquiring about this verse, and received a reply on 3 June 1985 from the Bible Director, Jerry L. Hooper, claiming that it was a "matter of some embarrassment regarding the lower case 's' in Spirit".<a href="#cite_note-Hooper_letter-142">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_attributes">Literary attributes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Literary attributes">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marginal_notes">Marginal notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Marginal notes">edit</a>]</div> In obedience to their instructions, the translators provided no marginal interpretation of the text, but in some 8,500 places a marginal note offers an alternative English wording.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188456-143">[135]</a> The majority of these notes offer a more literal rendering of the original, introduced as "Heb", "Chal" (<a href="/wiki/Chaldea#Language" title="Chaldea">Chaldee</a>, referring to Aramaic), "Gr" or "Lat". Others indicate a variant reading of the source text (introduced by "or"). Some of the annotated variants derive from alternative editions in the original languages, or from variant forms quoted in the <a href="/wiki/Patristics" title="Patristics">fathers</a>. More commonly, though, they indicate a difference between the literal original language reading and that in the translators' preferred recent Latin versions: <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Tremellius" title="Immanuel Tremellius">Tremellius</a> for the Old Testament, <a href="/wiki/Franciscus_Junius_(the_elder)" title="Franciscus Junius (the elder)">Junius</a> for the Apocrypha, and <a href="/wiki/Beza" class="mw-redirect" title="Beza">Beza</a> for the New Testament.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188443-144">[136]</a> At thirteen places in the New Testament<a href="#cite_note-145">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[138]</a> a marginal note records a variant reading found in some Greek manuscript copies; in almost all cases reproducing a counterpart textual note at the same place in Beza's editions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188458-147">[139]</a> A few more extensive notes clarify Biblical names and units of measurement or currency. Modern reprintings rarely reproduce these annotated variants, although they are to be found in the <a href="/wiki/New_Cambridge_Paragraph_Bible" title="New Cambridge Paragraph Bible">New Cambridge Paragraph Bible</a>. In addition, there were originally some 9,000 scriptural cross-references, in which one text was related to another. Such cross-references had long been common in Latin Bibles, and most of those in the Authorized Version were copied unaltered from this Latin tradition. Consequently the early editions of the KJV retain many Vulgate verse references—e.g. in the numbering of the <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884118-148">[140]</a> At the head of each chapter, the translators provided a short précis of its contents, with verse numbers; these are rarely included in complete form in modern editions. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_typeface">Use of typeface</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Use of typeface">edit</a>]</div> Also in obedience to their instructions, the translators indicated 'supplied' words in a different typeface; but there was no attempt to regularize the instances where this practice had been applied across the different companies; and especially in the New Testament, it was used much less frequently in the 1611 edition than would later be the case.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188470-86">[80]</a> In one verse, 1 John 2:23, an entire clause was printed in roman type (as it had also been in the Great Bible and Bishop's Bible);<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188468-149">[141]</a> indicating a reading then primarily derived from the Vulgate, albeit one for which the later editions of Beza had provided a Greek text.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884254-150">[142]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_James_Bible-Psalms_83_18_Jehovah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/King_James_Bible-Psalms_83_18_Jehovah.jpg/220px-King_James_Bible-Psalms_83_18_Jehovah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/King_James_Bible-Psalms_83_18_Jehovah.jpg/330px-King_James_Bible-Psalms_83_18_Jehovah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/King_James_Bible-Psalms_83_18_Jehovah.jpg/440px-King_James_Bible-Psalms_83_18_Jehovah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>God’s name <a href="/wiki/JEHOVAH" class="mw-redirect" title="JEHOVAH">JEHOVAH</a> in Psalms 83:18</figcaption></figure> In the Old Testament the translators render the <a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton" title="Tetragrammaton">Tetragrammaton</a> (YHWH) by "the LORD" (in later editions in <a href="/wiki/Small_capitals" class="mw-redirect" title="Small capitals">small capitals</a> as LORD),<a href="#cite_note-151">[i]</a> or "the LORD God" (for YHWH <a href="/wiki/Elohim" title="Elohim">Elohim</a>, יהוה אלהים),<a href="#cite_note-152">[j]</a> except in four places by "<a href="/wiki/Iehovah" class="mw-redirect" title="Iehovah">IEHOVAH</a>".<a href="#cite_note-153">[143]</a> However, if the Tetragrammaton occurs with the Hebrew word adonai (Lord) then it is rendered not as the "Lord LORD" but as the "Lord God".<a href="#cite_note-154">[144]</a> In later editions it appears as "Lord GOD", with "GOD" in small capitals, indicating to the reader that God's name appears in the original Hebrew. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Source_texts">Source texts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Source texts">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Old_Testament">Old Testament</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Old Testament">edit</a>]</div> For the Old Testament, the translators used a text originating in the editions of the Hebrew Rabbinic Bible by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bomberg" title="Daniel Bomberg">Daniel Bomberg</a> (1524/5),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188442-155">[145]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">failed verification</a>] but adjusted this to conform to the Greek <a href="/wiki/LXX" class="mw-redirect" title="LXX">LXX</a> or Latin Vulgate in passages to which Christian tradition had attached a <a href="/wiki/Christological" class="mw-redirect" title="Christological">Christological</a> interpretation.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001262-156">[146]</a> For example, the <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a> reading "<a href="/wiki/They_pierced_my_hands_and_my_feet" class="mw-redirect" title="They pierced my hands and my feet">They pierced my hands and my feet</a>" was used in Psalm 22:16<a href="#cite_note-157">[147]</a> (vs. the <a href="/wiki/Masoretes" title="Masoretes">Masoretes</a>' reading of the Hebrew "like lions my hands and feet"<a href="#cite_note-158">[148]</a>). Otherwise, however, the Authorized Version is closer to the Hebrew tradition than any previous English translation—especially in making use of the rabbinic commentaries, such as <a href="/wiki/David_Kimhi" title="David Kimhi">Kimhi</a>, in elucidating obscure passages in the <a href="/wiki/Masoretic_Text" title="Masoretic Text">Masoretic Text</a>;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaiches1968208-159">[149]</a> earlier versions had been more likely to adopt LXX or Vulgate readings in such places. Following the practice of the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Bible" title="Geneva Bible">Geneva Bible</a>, the books of 1 Esdras and 2 Esdras in the medieval Vulgate Old Testament were renamed '<a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezra" title="Book of Ezra">Ezra</a>' and '<a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nehemiah" title="Book of Nehemiah">Nehemiah</a>'; 3 Esdras and 4 Esdras in the Apocrypha being renamed '<a href="/wiki/1_Esdras" title="1 Esdras">1 Esdras</a>' and '<a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a>'. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Testament">New Testament</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: New Testament">edit</a>]</div> For the New Testament, the translators chiefly used the 1598 and 1588/89 Greek editions of <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Beza" title="Theodore Beza">Theodore Beza</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188460-160">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hills-161">[k]</a> which also present Beza's Latin version of the Greek and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Estienne" title="Robert Estienne">Stephanus</a>'s edition of the Latin Vulgate. Both of these versions were extensively referred to, as the translators conducted all discussions amongst themselves in Latin. F. H. A. Scrivener identifies 190 readings where the Authorized Version translators depart from Beza's Greek text, generally in maintaining the wording of the Bishops' Bible and other earlier English translations.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884243–263-162">[151]</a> In about half of these instances, the Authorized Version translators appear to follow the earlier 1550 Greek <a href="/wiki/Textus_Receptus" title="Textus Receptus">Textus Receptus</a> of Stephanus. For the other half, Scrivener was usually able to find corresponding Greek readings in the editions of <a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a>, or in the <a href="/wiki/Complutensian_Polyglot" class="mw-redirect" title="Complutensian Polyglot">Complutensian Polyglot</a>. However, in several dozen readings he notes that no printed Greek text corresponds to the English of the Authorized Version, which in these places derives directly from the Vulgate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884262-163">[152]</a> For example, at John 10:16,<a href="#cite_note-164">[153]</a> the Authorized Version reads "one fold" (as did the Bishops' Bible, and the 16th-century vernacular versions produced in Geneva), following the Latin Vulgate "unum ovile", whereas Tyndale had agreed more closely with the Greek, "one flocke" (μία ποίμνη). The Authorized Version New Testament owes much more to the Vulgate than does the Old Testament; still, at least 80% of the text is unaltered from Tyndale's translation.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003448-165">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Apocrypha">Apocrypha</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Apocrypha">edit</a>]</div> Unlike the rest of the Bible, the translators of the Apocrypha identified their source texts in their marginal notes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188447-166">[155]</a> From these it can be determined that the books of the Apocrypha were translated from the Septuagint—primarily, from the Greek Old Testament column in the <a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Polyglot" class="mw-redirect" title="Antwerp Polyglot">Antwerp Polyglot</a>—but with extensive reference to the counterpart Latin Vulgate text, and to Junius's Latin translation. The translators record references to the <a href="/wiki/Sixtine_Septuagint" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixtine Septuagint">Sixtine Septuagint</a> of 1587, which is substantially a printing of the Old Testament text from the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus" title="Codex Vaticanus">Codex Vaticanus</a> Graecus 1209, and also to the 1518 Greek Septuagint edition of <a href="/wiki/Aldus_Manutius" title="Aldus Manutius">Aldus Manutius</a>. They had, however, no Greek texts for <a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a>, or for the <a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Manasses" class="mw-redirect" title="Prayer of Manasses">Prayer of Manasses</a>, and Scrivener found that they here used an unidentified Latin manuscript.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188447-166">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sources">Sources</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> The translators appear to have otherwise made no first-hand study of ancient manuscript sources, even those that—like the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">Codex Bezae</a>—would have been readily available to them.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188459-167">[156]</a> In addition to all previous English versions (including, and contrary to their instructions,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003440-168">[157]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims_Bible" title="Douay–Rheims Bible">Rheimish New Testament</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoisAllenWalker1969xxv-169">[158]</a> which in their preface they criticized), they made wide and eclectic use of all printed editions in the original languages then available, including the ancient <a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Syriac New Testament</a> printed with an interlinear Latin gloss in the <a href="/wiki/Plantin_Polyglot" title="Plantin Polyglot">Antwerp Polyglot of 1573</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001246-170">[159]</a> In the preface the translators acknowledge consulting translations and commentaries in Chaldee, Hebrew, Syrian, Greek, Latin, Spanish, French, Italian, and German.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKJV_Translators_to_the_Reader1611-171">[160]</a> The translators took the Bishops' Bible as their source text, and where they departed from that in favour of another translation, this was most commonly the Geneva Bible. However, the degree to which readings from the Bishops' Bible survived into final text of the King James Bible varies greatly from company to company, as did the propensity of the King James translators to coin phrases of their own. John Bois's notes of the General Committee of Review show that they discussed readings derived from a wide variety of versions and <a href="/wiki/Patristic" class="mw-redirect" title="Patristic">patristic</a> sources, including explicitly both <a href="/wiki/Henry_Savile_(Bible_translator)" title="Henry Savile (Bible translator)">Henry Savile</a>'s 1610 edition of the works of <a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a> and the Rheims New Testament,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoisAllenWalker1969118-172">[161]</a> which was the primary source for many of the literal alternative readings provided for the marginal notes. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variations_in_recent_translations">Variations in recent translations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Variations in recent translations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_major_textual_variants_in_the_New_Testament" class="mw-redirect" title="List of major textual variants in the New Testament">List of major textual variants in the New Testament</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Testament_verses_not_included_in_modern_English_translations" title="List of New Testament verses not included in modern English translations">List of New Testament verses not included in modern English translations</a></div> A number of <a href="/wiki/Bible_verses" class="mw-redirect" title="Bible verses">Bible verses</a> in the King James Version of the New Testament are not found in more recent Bible translations, where these are based on <a href="/wiki/Textual_criticism" title="Textual criticism">modern critical texts</a>. In the early seventeenth century, the source Greek texts of the New Testament which were used to produce Protestant Bible versions were mainly dependent on manuscripts of the late <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_text-type" title="Byzantine text-type">Byzantine text-type</a>, and they also contained minor variations which became known as the <a href="/wiki/Textus_Receptus" title="Textus Receptus">Textus Receptus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964103–06-173">[162]</a> With the subsequent identification of much earlier manuscripts, most modern textual scholars value the evidence of manuscripts which belong to the <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_text-type" title="Alexandrian text-type">Alexandrian family</a> as better witnesses to the original text of the biblical authors,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964216-174">[163]</a> without giving it, or any family, automatic preference.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964218-175">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Style_and_criticism">Style and criticism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Style and criticism">edit</a>]</div> A primary concern of the translators was to produce an appropriate Bible, dignified and resonant in public reading.<a href="#cite_note-176">[165]</a> Although the Authorized Version's written style is an important part of its influence on English, research has found only one verse—Hebrews 13:8—for which translators debated the wording's literary merits. While they stated in the preface that they used stylistic variation, finding multiple English words or verbal forms in places where the original language employed repetition, in practice they also did the opposite; for example, 14 different Hebrew words were translated into the single English word "prince".<a href="#cite_note-hunt20110209-10">[5]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Provide_context_for_the_reader" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles"><span title="the English word 'prince' is not a broad descriptor; there are no synonyms in English for prince. if Hebrew has 14b words that all would carry the meaning of prince in English, this is not a fault of the translators. This article should address this matter (what are the meanings of these 14n Hebrew words?) (September 2021)">needs context</a>] In a period of rapid linguistic change the translators avoided contemporary idioms, tending instead towards forms that were already slightly archaic, like verily and it came to pass.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001264-98">[91]</a> The pronouns thou/thee and ye/you are consistently used as singular and plural respectively, even though by this time you was often found as the singular in general English usage, especially when addressing a social superior (as is evidenced, for example, in Shakespeare).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997153–54-177">[166]</a> For the possessive of the third person pronoun, the word its, first recorded in the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> in 1598, is avoided.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150-178">[167]</a> The older <a href="/wiki/Grammatical_gender" title="Grammatical gender">his</a> is usually employed, as for example at Matthew 5:13:<a href="#cite_note-179">[168]</a> "if the salt have lost his savour, wherewith shall it be salted?";<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150-178">[167]</a> in other places of it, thereof or bare it are found.<a href="#cite_note-181">[l]</a> Another sign of <a href="/wiki/Linguistic_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguistic conservatism">linguistic conservatism</a> is the invariable use of -eth for the third person singular present form of the verb, as at Matthew 2:13: "the Angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dreame". The rival ending -(e)s, as found in present-day English, was already widely used by this time (for example, it predominates over -eth in the plays of Shakespeare and Marlowe).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997166–67-182">[170]</a> Furthermore, the translators preferred which to who or whom as the relative pronoun for persons, as in Genesis 13:5:<a href="#cite_note-183">[171]</a> "And Lot also which went with Abram, had flocks and heards, & tents"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997212-184">[172]</a> although who(m) is also found.<a href="#cite_note-185">[m]</a> The Authorized Version is notably more <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latinate</a> than previous English versions,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003440-168">[157]</a> especially the Geneva Bible. This results in part from the academic stylistic preferences of a number of the translators—several of whom admitted to being more comfortable writing in Latin than in English—but was also, in part, a consequence of the royal proscription against explanatory notes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001229-186">[173]</a> Hence, where the Geneva Bible might use a common English word, and gloss its particular application in a marginal note, the Authorized Version tends rather to prefer a technical term, frequently in Anglicized Latin. Consequently, although the King had instructed the translators to use the Bishops' Bible as a base text, the New Testament in particular owes much stylistically to the Catholic <a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims_Bible" title="Douay–Rheims Bible">Rheims</a> New Testament, whose translators had also been concerned to find English equivalents for Latin terminology.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001252-187">[174]</a> In addition, the translators of the New Testament books transliterate names found in the Old Testament in their Greek forms rather than in the forms closer to the Old Testament Hebrew (e.g. "Elias" and "Noe" for "Elijah" and "Noah", respectively). While the Authorized Version remains among the most widely sold, modern critical New Testament translations differ substantially from it in a number of passages, primarily because they rely on source manuscripts not then accessible to (or not then highly regarded by) early-17th-century Biblical scholarship.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell20035-188">[175]</a> In the Old Testament, there are also many differences from modern translations that are based not on manuscript differences, but on a different understanding of Ancient Hebrew <a href="/wiki/Vocabulary" title="Vocabulary">vocabulary</a> or <a href="/wiki/Grammar" title="Grammar">grammar</a> by the translators. For example, in modern translations it is clear that Job 28:1–11<a href="#cite_note-189">[176]</a> is referring throughout to mining operations, which is not at all apparent from the text of the Authorized Version.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBruce2002145-190">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mistranslations">Mistranslations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Mistranslations">edit</a>]</div> The King James Version contains several alleged mistranslations, especially in the Old Testament where the knowledge of Hebrew and cognate languages was uncertain at the time.<a href="#cite_note-Errors_in_the_King_James_Version?-191">[178]</a> Among the most commonly cited errors is in the Hebrew of Job and Deuteronomy, where <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: רְאֵם, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: <a href="/wiki/Re%27em" title="Re'em">Re'em</a> with the probable meaning of "wild-ox, <a href="/wiki/Aurochs" title="Aurochs">aurochs</a>", is translated in the KJV as "<a href="/wiki/Unicorn" title="Unicorn">unicorn</a>"; following in this the Vulgate unicornis and several medieval rabbinic commentators. The translators of the KJV note the alternative rendering, "rhinocerots" [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>] in the margin at Isaiah 34:7. On a similar note Martin Luther's German translation had also relied on the Latin Vulgate on this point, consistently translating רְאֵם using the German word for unicorn, Einhorn.<a href="#cite_note-192">[179]</a> Otherwise, the translators are accused on several occasions of having mistakenly interpreted a Hebrew descriptive phrase as a proper name (or vice versa); as at 2 Samuel 1:18 where 'the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jasher_(biblical_references)" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Jasher (biblical references)">Book of Jasher</a>' <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: סֵפֶר הַיׇּשׇׁר, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: sepher ha-yasher properly refers not to a work by an author of that name, but should rather be rendered as "the Book of the Upright" (which was proposed as an alternative reading in a marginal note to the KJV text). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Influence">edit</a>]</div> Despite royal patronage and encouragement, there was never any overt mandate to use the new translation. It was not until 1661 that the Authorized Version replaced the Bishops' Bible in the Epistle and Gospel lessons of the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a>, and it never did replace the older translation in the <a href="/wiki/Psalter" title="Psalter">Psalter</a>. In 1763 <a href="/wiki/The_Critical_Review_(newspaper)" title="The Critical Review (newspaper)">The Critical Review</a> complained that "many false interpretations, ambiguous phrases, obsolete words and indelicate expressions ... excite the derision of the scorner". Blayney's 1769 version, with its revised spelling and punctuation, helped change the public perception of the Authorized Version to a masterpiece of the English language.<a href="#cite_note-hunt20110209-10">[5]</a> By the 19th century, <a href="/wiki/F._W._Faber" class="mw-redirect" title="F. W. Faber">F. W. Faber</a> could say of the translation, "It lives on the ear, like music that can never be forgotten, like the sound of church bells, which the convert hardly knows how he can forego."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHall1881-193">[180]</a> <a href="/wiki/Geddes_MacGregor" title="Geddes MacGregor">Geddes MacGregor</a> called the Authorized Version "the most influential version of the most influential book in the world, in what is now its most influential language",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacGregor1968170-194">[181]</a> "the most important book in English religion and culture", and "the most celebrated book in the <a href="/wiki/English-speaking_world" title="English-speaking world">English-speaking world</a>". <a href="/wiki/David_Crystal" title="David Crystal">David Crystal</a> has estimated that it is responsible for 257 idioms in English; examples include <a href="/wiki/Feet_of_clay" title="Feet of clay">feet of clay</a> and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sow_the_wind,_reap_the_whirlwind" class="extiw" title="wikt:sow the wind, reap the whirlwind">reap the whirlwind</a>. Furthermore, prominent <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">atheist</a> figures such as <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hitchens" title="Christopher Hitchens">Christopher Hitchens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dawkins" title="Richard Dawkins">Richard Dawkins</a> have praised the King James Version as being "a giant step in the maturing of English literature" and "a great work of literature", respectively, with Dawkins then adding, "A native speaker of English who has never read a word of the King James Bible is verging on the barbarian".<a href="#cite_note-195">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[183]</a> The King James Version is one of the versions authorized to be used in the services of the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Episcopal_Church_in_the_United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America">Episcopal Church</a> and other parts of the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a>,<a href="#cite_note-197">[184]</a> as it is the historical Bible of this church. It was presented to <a href="/wiki/King_Charles_III" class="mw-redirect" title="King Charles III">King Charles III</a> at his <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Charles_III_and_Camilla" title="Coronation of Charles III and Camilla">coronation service</a>.<a href="#cite_note-198">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[186]</a> Other Christian denominations have also accepted the King James Version. The King James Version is used by English-speaking <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Anabaptists" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative Anabaptists">Conservative Anabaptists</a>, along with Methodists of the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_holiness_movement" title="Conservative holiness movement">conservative holiness movement</a>, in addition to certain <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptists</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Grammich1999-200">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-DBC2021-201">[188]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America" title="Orthodox Church in America">Orthodox Church in America</a>, it is used liturgically and was made "the 'official' translation for a whole generation of American Orthodox". The later Service Book of the Antiochian archdiocese, in vogue today, also uses the King James Version.<a href="#cite_note-203">[n]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> continues to use its <a href="/wiki/LDS_edition_of_the_Bible" title="LDS edition of the Bible">own edition</a> of the Authorized Version as its official English Bible. Although the Authorized Version's preeminence in the English-speaking world has diminished—for example, the Church of England recommends six other versions in addition to it—it is still the most used translation in the United States, especially as the <a href="/wiki/Scofield_Reference_Bible" title="Scofield Reference Bible">Scofield Reference Bible</a> for <a href="/wiki/Evangelicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelicals">Evangelicals</a>. However, over the past forty years it has been gradually overtaken by modern versions, principally the <a href="/wiki/New_International_Version" title="New International Version">New International Version</a> (1973), the <a href="/wiki/New_Revised_Standard_Version" title="New Revised Standard Version">New Revised Standard Version</a> (1989),<a href="#cite_note-hunt20110209-10">[5]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/English_Standard_Version" title="English Standard Version">English Standard Version</a> (2001), the latter of which is seen as a successor to the King James Version.<a href="#cite_note-Durken2015-204">[190]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="King_James_Only_movement">King James Only movement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: King James Only movement">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/King_James_Only_movement" title="King James Only movement">King James Only movement</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/King_James_Only_movement" title="King James Only movement">King James Only movement</a> advocates the belief that the King James Version is superior to all other <a href="/wiki/English_translations_of_the_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="English translations of the Bible">English translations of the Bible</a>. Most adherents of the movement believe that the <a href="/wiki/Textus_Receptus" title="Textus Receptus">Textus Receptus</a> is very close, if not identical, to the original autographs, thereby making it the ideal Greek source for the translation. They argue that manuscripts such as the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">Codex Sinaiticus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus" title="Codex Vaticanus">Codex Vaticanus</a>, on which most modern English translations are based, are corrupted New Testament texts. One of them, Perry Demopoulos, was a director of the translation of the King James Bible into <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>. In 2010 the Russian translation of the KJV of the New Testament was released in <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[191]</a> In 2017, the first complete edition of a Russian King James Bible was released.<a href="#cite_note-206">[192]</a> In 2017, a <a href="/wiki/Faroese_language" title="Faroese language">Faroese</a> translation of the King James Bible was released as well.<a href="#cite_note-207">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Copyright_status">Copyright status</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Copyright status">edit</a>]</div> The Authorized Version is in the public domain in most of the world. In the United Kingdom, the right to print, publish and distribute it is a <a href="/wiki/Royal_prerogative" title="Royal prerogative">royal prerogative</a>,<a href="#cite_note-HofC_Library_-_the_royal_prerogative-208">[194]</a> and the Crown licenses publishers to reproduce it under <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">letters patent</a>. In England, Wales, and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, the letters patent are held by the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Printer" title="King's Printer">King's Printer</a>; in Scotland, they are held by the Scottish Bible Board. The office of the King's Printer has been associated with the right to reproduce the Bible for centuries, the earliest known reference coming in 1577.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzgerCoogan1993618-209">[195]</a> In the 18th century, all surviving interests in the monopoly were bought out by <a href="/wiki/John_Baskett" title="John Baskett">John Baskett</a>. The Baskett rights descended through a number of printers and, in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the King's Printer is now <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, which inherited the right when they took over the firm of <a href="/wiki/Eyre_%26_Spottiswoode" title="Eyre & Spottiswoode">Eyre & Spottiswoode</a> in 1990.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzgerCoogan1993618-209">[195]</a> Other royal charters of similar antiquity grant Cambridge University Press and <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> the right to produce the Authorized Version independently of the King's Printer. In Scotland, the Authorized Version is published by <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">Collins</a> under licence from the Scottish Bible Board. The terms of the letters patent prohibit any other than the holders, or those authorized by the holders, from printing, publishing or importing the Authorized Version into the United Kingdom. The protection that the Authorized Version, and also the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a>, enjoy is the last remnant of the time when the Crown held a monopoly over all printing and publishing in the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzgerCoogan1993618-209">[195]</a> Although Crown Copyright usually expires 50 years after publication, Section 171(b) of the <a href="/wiki/Copyright,_Designs_and_Patents_Act_1988" title="Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988">Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988</a> made an exception for 'any right or privilege of the Crown' not written in an act of parliament, thus preserving the rights of the Crown under the unwritten royal prerogative.<a href="#cite_note-210">[196]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Permission">Permission</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Permission">edit</a>]</div> Within the United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press permits the reproduction of at most 500 verses for "liturgical and non-commercial educational use", provided that their prescribed acknowledgement is included, the quoted verses do not exceed 25% of the publication quoting them and do not include a complete Bible book.<a href="#cite_note-211">[197]</a> For use beyond this, the Press is willing to consider permission requested on a case-by-case basis and in 2011 a spokesman said the Press generally does not charge a fee but tries to ensure that a reputable source text is used.<a href="#cite_note-212">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apocrypha_2">Apocrypha</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Apocrypha">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></div> Translations of the books of the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">biblical apocrypha</a> were necessary for the King James version, as readings from these books were included in the daily Old Testament <a href="/wiki/Lectionary" title="Lectionary">lectionary</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a>. Protestant Bibles in the 16th century included the books of the apocrypha—generally, following the <a href="/wiki/Luther_Bible" title="Luther Bible">Luther Bible</a>, in a separate section between the Old and New Testaments to indicate they were not considered part of the Old Testament text—and there is evidence that these were widely read as popular literature, especially in <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> circles.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003187-214">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHill1993338-215">[201]</a> The apocrypha of the King James Version has the same 14 books as had been found in the apocrypha of the <a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Bible" title="Bishops' Bible">Bishops' Bible</a>; however, following the practice of the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Bible" title="Geneva Bible">Geneva Bible</a>, the first two books of the apocrypha were renamed <a href="/wiki/1_Esdras" title="1 Esdras">1 Esdras</a> and <a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a>, as compared to the names in the <a href="/wiki/Thirty-nine_Articles" title="Thirty-nine Articles">Thirty-nine Articles</a>, with the corresponding Old Testament books being renamed <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezra" title="Book of Ezra">Ezra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nehemiah" title="Book of Nehemiah">Nehemiah</a>. Starting in 1630, volumes of the Geneva Bible were occasionally bound with the pages of the apocrypha section excluded. In 1644, the <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a> forbade the reading of the apocrypha in churches; and in 1666, the first editions of the King James Bible without the apocrypha were bound.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKenyon1909-216">[202]</a> The standardization of the text of the Authorized Version after 1769 together with the technological development of <a href="/wiki/Stereotype_(printing)" title="Stereotype (printing)">stereotype</a> printing made it possible to produce Bibles in large print-runs at very low unit prices. For commercial and charitable publishers, editions of the Authorized Version without the apocrypha reduced the cost, while having increased market appeal to non-Anglican Protestant readers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003600-217">[203]</a> With the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Bible_societies" class="mw-redirect" title="Bible societies">Bible societies</a>, most editions have omitted the whole section of apocryphal books.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003622-218">[204]</a> The <a href="/wiki/British_and_Foreign_Bible_Society" title="British and Foreign Bible Society">British and Foreign Bible Society</a> withdrew subsidies for Bible printing and dissemination in 1826, under the following resolution: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">That the funds of the Society be applied to the printing and circulation of the Canonical Books of Scripture, to the exclusion of those Books and parts of Books usually termed Apocryphal;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrowne1859362–-219">[205]</a> </blockquote> The <a href="/wiki/American_Bible_Society" title="American Bible Society">American Bible Society</a> adopted a similar policy. Both societies eventually reversed these policies in light of 20th-century ecumenical efforts on translations, the ABS doing so in 1964 and the BFBS in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMelton200538-220">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/40px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/60px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/120px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></li><li 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data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Judaism" title="Portal:Judaism">Judaism portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/40px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/60px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/120px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21st_Century_King_James_Version" title="21st Century King James Version">21st Century King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_errata" title="Bible errata">Bible errata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_translations" title="Bible translations">Bible translations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XII_Bible" title="Charles XII Bible">Charles XII Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_and_formal_equivalence" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic and formal equivalence">Dynamic and formal equivalence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_English_Bible_translations#King_James_Version_and_derivatives" title="Modern English Bible translations">Modern English Bible translations § King James Versions and derivatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_King_James_Version" title="New King James Version">New King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_letter_edition" title="Red letter edition">Red letter edition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young%27s_Literal_Translation" title="Young's Literal Translation">Young's Literal Translation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> The King James Version can also be found abbreviated as either the KJB (King James Bible) or the AV (Authorized Version). </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> The King James Version has publication restrictions in the United Kingdom—see the section regarding <a href="#Copyright_status">copyright status</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> The King James Version has also been used throughout a multitude of Protestant denominations since its original publication. In addition, it has been used by various sects. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> James acceded to the throne of Scotland as James VI in 1567, and to that of England and Ireland as James I in 1603. The correct style is therefore "James VI and I". </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> "And now at last, ... it being brought unto such a conclusion, as that we have great hope that the Church of England (sic) shall reape good fruit thereby ..."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKJV_Dedicatorie1611-7">[3]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> The Royal Privilege was a virtual monopoly. </li> <li id="cite_note-Norton-88"><a href="#cite_ref-Norton_88-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2011">Norton 2011</a>, p. x notes: "In all likelihood, the first edition of the King James Bible was hurried through the press before the translators had fully completed their work. One of the casualties of this hurry was the paragraphing. It emerged rough and incomplete: for instance, there are no paragraph breaks marked in the New Testament after Acts 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> The Holy Bible, an Exact Reprint Page for Page of the Authorized Version Published in the Year MDCXI 2 volumes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1833 (reprints, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8407-0041-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8407-0041-5">0-8407-0041-5</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1565631625" title="Special:BookSources/1565631625">1565631625</a> or available at Internet Archive: Vol1: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/holybibleexactre00oxfouoft">https://archive.org/details/holybibleexactre00oxfouoft</a> and Vol2: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/holybibleexactre02oxfouoft">https://archive.org/details/holybibleexactre02oxfouoft</a>). According to J.R. Dore,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDore1888363-120">[113]</a> the edition "so far as it goes, represents the edition of 1611 so completely that it may be consulted with as much confidence as an original. The spelling, punctuation, italics, capitals, and distribution into lines and pages are all followed with the most scrupulous care. It is, however, printed in Roman instead of black letter type." </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Genesis#4:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Genesis">Genesis 4:1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Genesis#2:4" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Genesis">Genesis 2:4</a> "אלה תולדות השמים והארץ בהבראם ביום עשות יהוה אלהים ארץ ושמים" </li> <li id="cite_note-Hills-161"><a href="#cite_ref-Hills_161-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_F._Hills" title="Edward F. Hills">Edward F. Hills</a> made the following important statement in regard to the KJV and the Received Text: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">The translators that produced the King James Version relied mainly, it seems, on the later editions of Beza's Greek New Testament, especially his 4th edition (1588–9). But also they frequently consulted the editions of Erasmus and Stephanus and the Complutensian Polyglot. According to Scrivener (1884), (51) out of the 252 passages in which these sources differ sufficiently to affect the English rendering, the King James Version agrees with Beza against Stephanus 113 times, with Stephanus against Beza 59 times, and 80 times with Erasmus, or the Complutensian, or the Latin Vulgate against Beza and Stephanus. Hence the King James Version ought to be regarded not merely as a translation of the Textus Receptus but also as an independent variety of the Textus Receptus.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Edward F. Hills, <a href="//archive.org/details/TheKingJamesVersionDefended" class="extiw" title="iarchive:TheKingJamesVersionDefended">The King James Version Defended</a>, p. 220.</cite></div></blockquote> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> e.g. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#7:27" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 7:27</a>: "great was the fall of it.", <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#2:16" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 2:16</a>: "in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof", <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Leviticus#25:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Leviticus">Leviticus 25:5</a>: "That which groweth of it owne accord of thy harvest". (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Leviticus#25:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Leviticus">Leviticus 25:5</a> is changed to its in many modern printings).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150–51-180">[169]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> e.g. at <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Genesis#3:12" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Genesis">Genesis 3:12</a>: "The woman whom thou gavest to be with mee" </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> That which is most used liturgically is the King James Version. It has a long and honorable tradition in our Church in America. Professor Orloff used it for his translations at the end of the last century, and Isabel Hapgood's Service Book of 1906 and 1922 made it the "official" translation for a whole generation of American Orthodox. Both Orloff and Hapgood used a different version for the Psalms (that of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer), thereby giving us two translations in the same services. This was rectified in 1949 by the Service Book of the Antiochian Archdiocese, which replaced the Prayer Book psalms with those from the King James Version and made some other corrections. This translation, reproducing the stately prose of 1611, was the work of Fathers Upson and Nicholas. It is still in widespread use to this day, and has familiarized thousands of believers with the KJV.<a href="#cite_note-202">[189]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-logos-bts-2"><a href="#cite_ref-logos-bts_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.logos.com/Bible_Translation_Spectrum">"Bible Translation Spectrum"</a>. Logos Bible Software Wiki. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230107020807/https://wiki.logos.com/Bible_Translation_Spectrum">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Logos+Bible+Software+Wiki&rft.atitle=Bible+Translation+Spectrum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.logos.com%2FBible_Translation_Spectrum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-logos-bts2-4"><a href="#cite_ref-logos-bts2_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.logos.com/kb/articles/548-bible-translation-spectrum">"Bible Translation Spectrum"</a>. Logos Bible Software Wiki. Retrieved 11 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Logos+Bible+Software+Wiki&rft.atitle=Bible+Translation+Spectrum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommunity.logos.com%2Fkb%2Farticles%2F548-bible-translation-spectrum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKJV_Dedicatorie1611-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKJV_Dedicatorie1611_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKJV_Dedicatorie1611">KJV Dedicatorie 1611</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Apocrypha-Books/">"Apocrypha"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apocrypha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kingjamesbibleonline.org%2FApocrypha-Books%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hunt20110209-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hunt20110209_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hunt20110209_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hunt20110209_10-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hunt20110209_10-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110617001812/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article7171739.ece">"400 years of the King James Bible"</a>. The Times Literary Supplement. 9 February 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article7171739.ece">the original</a> on 17 June 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+Literary+Supplement&rft.atitle=400+years+of+the+King+James+Bible&rft.date=2011-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Farts_and_entertainment%2Fthe_tls%2Farticle7171739.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00zmc6f">"The King James Bible: The Book That Changed the World – BBC Two"</a>. BBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+King+James+Bible%3A+The+Book+That+Changed+the+World+%E2%80%93+BBC+Two&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb00zmc6f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003204-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003204_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003204_12-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 204. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> The Sixth Point of Calvinism, The Historicism Research Foundation, Inc., 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/09620681-4-4" title="Special:BookSources/09620681-4-4">09620681-4-4</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yzxfAAAAcAAJ&dq=sir+rowland+hill+bible+geneva+bible&pg=PP27">The Holy Bible ... 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James Duncan. 1836.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Holy+Bible+...+With+a+General+Introduction+and+Short+Explanatory+Notes%2C+by+B.+Boothroyd&rft.pub=James+Duncan&rft.date=1836&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyzxfAAAAcAAJ%26dq%3Dsir%2Browland%2Bhill%2Bbible%2Bgeneva%2Bbible%26pg%3DPP27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003435-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003435_15-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 435. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHill19974–5-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHill19974–5_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHill1997">Hill 1997</a>, pp. 4–5. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003439_17-2">c</a> <a 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href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETwells173195_32-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTwells1731">Twells 1731</a>, p. 95. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewcome1792113-33"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewcome1792113_33-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNewcome1792">Newcome 1792</a>, p. 113. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.1801145-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon.1801145_34-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnon.1801">Anon. 1801</a>, p. 145. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenslade1963168-35"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenslade1963168_35-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenslade1963">Greenslade 1963</a>, p. 168. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1814209-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1814209_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmith1814">Smith 1814</a>, p. 209. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChapman1856270-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChapman1856270_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFChapman1856">Chapman 1856</a>, p. 270. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.1856530–31-38"><a 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Peeters Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-429-1688-5" title="Special:BookSources/90-429-1688-5"><bdi>90-429-1688-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Can+Translating+the+Bible+Be+Bad+for+Your+Health%3F%3A+William+Tyndale+and+the+Falsification+of+Memory&rft.btitle=More+Than+a+Memory%3A+The+Discourse+of+Martyrdom+and+the+Construction+of+Christian+Identity+in+the+History+of+Christianity&rft.pub=Peeters+Publishers&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=90-429-1688-5&rft.aulast=Juh%C3%A1sz&rft.aufirst=Gergely&rft.au=Paul+Arblaster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmfZlsUVYClwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003156-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003156_43-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 156. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003277-44"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003277_44-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 277. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003291-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003291_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 291. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003292-46"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003292_46-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 292. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003304-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003304_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 304. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003339-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003339_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 339. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003344-49"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003344_49-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 344. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001186-50"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001186_50-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBobrick2001">Bobrick 2001</a>, p. 186. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003364-51"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003364_51-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 364. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001221-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001221_52-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBobrick2001">Bobrick 2001</a>, p. 221. </li> <li id="cite_note-How_the_mighty_has_fallen:_The_King_James_Bible_turns_400-53"><a href="#cite_ref-How_the_mighty_has_fallen:_The_King_James_Bible_turns_400_53-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFValpy2011" class="citation news cs1">Valpy, Michael (5 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/how-the-mighty-has-fallen-the-king-james-bible-turns-400/article565247/?page=all">"How the mighty has fallen: The King James Bible turns 400"</a>. 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href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 454. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003455-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003455_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003455_75-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 455. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968424-76"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968424_76-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHerbert1968">Herbert 1968</a>, p. 424. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968520-77"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968520_77-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHerbert1968">Herbert 1968</a>, p. 520. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell20034557-78"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell20034557_78-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 4557. </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Ruth#3:15" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Ruth">Ruth 3:15</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200562-80"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton200562_80-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2005">Norton 2005</a>, p. 62. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnon.1996-81"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnon.1996_81-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAnon.1996">Anon. 1996</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton200546-82"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton200546_82-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2005">Norton 2005</a>, p. 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001261-83"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001261_83-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBobrick2001">Bobrick 2001</a>, p. 261. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968313–14-84"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968313–14_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHerbert1968">Herbert 1968</a>, pp. 313–14. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188461-85"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188461_85-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 61. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188470-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188470_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188470_86-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 70. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005162-87"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton2005162_87-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2005">Norton 2005</a>, p. 162. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEProcterFrere1902187-89"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEProcterFrere1902187_89-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFProcterFrere1902">Procter & Frere 1902</a>, p. 187. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHague1948353-90"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHague1948353_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHague1948">Hague 1948</a>, p. 353. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003458-91">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003458_91-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003458_91-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 458. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003459-92"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003459_92-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 459. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBruce200292-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBruce200292_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBruce2002">Bruce 2002</a>, p. 92. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHill199365-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHill199365_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHill199365_94-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHill1993">Hill 1993</a>, p. 65. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968577-95"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968577_95-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHerbert1968">Herbert 1968</a>, p. 577. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968936-96"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbert1968936_96-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHerbert1968">Herbert 1968</a>, p. 936. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003457-97"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003457_97-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 457. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001264-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001264_98-0">a</a> <a 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href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton2005113_116-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2005">Norton 2005</a>, p. 113. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884242-117"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884242_117-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 242. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005120-118"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton2005120_118-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2005">Norton 2005</a>, p. 120. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005125-119"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton2005125_119-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2005">Norton 2005</a>, p. 125. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDore1888363-120"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDore1888363_120-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDore1888">Dore 1888</a>, p. 363. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003691-122"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003691_122-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 691. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005122-123"><a 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id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorton2005115,_126“[p._115,_ftn_1_...]_Josh._19:2;_[...]_Nahum_3:16;_[...]_Gen._10:7;_25:4;_[...]_Josh._10:1_(and_3);_19:19_(two_readings);_2_Sam._5:14;_21:21;_23:37;_1_Chr._2:49;_[...]_7:19;_23:20;_24:11;_2_Chr._20:36;_[...]_Neh._7:30;_[...]_Amos_2:2;_[...]”,_”[p._126_...]_2_Samuel_6[:8;_...]_Judg._13:19_[...]”-128"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorton2005115,_126“[p._115,_ftn_1_...]_Josh._19:2;_[...]_Nahum_3:16;_[...]_Gen._10:7;_25:4;_[...]_Josh._10:1_(and_3);_19:19_(two_readings);_2_Sam._5:14;_21:21;_23:37;_1_Chr._2:49;_[...]_7:19;_23:20;_24:11;_2_Chr._20:36;_[...]_Neh._7:30;_[...]_Amos_2:2;_[...]”,_”[p._126_...]_2_Samuel_6[:8;_...]_Judg._13:19_[...]”_128-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorton2005">Norton 2005</a>, pp. 115, 126, “[p. 115, ftn 1 ...] Josh. 19:2; [...] Nahum 3:16; [...] Gen. 10:7; 25:4; [...] Josh. 10:1 (and 3); 19:19 (two readings); 2 Sam. 5:14; 21:21; 23:37; 1 Chr. 2:49; [...] 7:19; 23:20; 24:11; 2 Chr. 20:36; [...] Neh. 7:30; [...] Amos 2:2; [...]”, 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Retrieved 7 February 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=purecambridgetext.com&rft.atitle=The+Hooper+Letter&rft.date=2017-09-07&rft.aulast=Asquith&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.purecambridgetext.com%2Fpost%2F2017%2F09%2F07%2Fthe-hooper-letter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188456-143"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188456_143-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188443-144"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188443_144-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 43. </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMetzger1968" class="citation book cs1">Metzger, Bruce (1968). 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Brill. p. 144.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+and+Literary+Studies&rft.pages=144&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Metzger&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> e.g. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#17:36" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 17:36</a> and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Acts#25:6" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Acts">Acts 25:6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188458-147"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188458_147-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 58. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884118-148"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884118_148-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 118. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188468-149"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188468_149-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 68. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884254-150"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884254_150-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 254. </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Exodus#6:3" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Exodus">Exodus 6:3</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Psalms#83:18" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Psalms">Psalm 83:18</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#12:2" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 12:2</a> and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#26:4" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 26:4</a>) and three times in a combination form. (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Genesis#22:14" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Genesis">Genesis 22:14</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Exodus#17:15" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Exodus">Exodus 17:15</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Judges#6:24" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Judges">Judges 6:24</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Psalms#73:28" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Psalms">Psalm 73:28</a>, etc. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188442-155"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188442_155-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 42. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001262-156"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001262_156-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBobrick2001">Bobrick 2001</a>, p. 262. </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Psalms#22:16" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Psalms">Psalm 22:16</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> The Jewish Publication Society Tanakh, copyright 1985 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaiches1968208-159"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaiches1968208_159-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaiches1968">Daiches 1968</a>, p. 208. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188460-160"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188460_160-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 60. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884243–263-162"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884243–263_162-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, pp. 243–263. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884262-163"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener1884262_163-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 262. </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/John#10:16" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/John">John 10:16</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003448-165"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003448_165-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 448. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188447-166">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188447_166-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188447_166-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 47. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScrivener188459-167"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScrivener188459_167-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrivener1884">Scrivener 1884</a>, p. 59. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003440-168">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003440_168-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003440_168-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 440. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoisAllenWalker1969xxv-169"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoisAllenWalker1969xxv_169-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBoisAllenWalker1969">Bois, Allen & Walker 1969</a>, p. xxv. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001246-170"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001246_170-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBobrick2001">Bobrick 2001</a>, p. 246. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKJV_Translators_to_the_Reader1611-171"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKJV_Translators_to_the_Reader1611_171-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKJV_Translators_to_the_Reader1611">KJV Translators to the Reader 1611</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoisAllenWalker1969118-172"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoisAllenWalker1969118_172-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBoisAllenWalker1969">Bois, Allen & Walker 1969</a>, p. 118. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964103–06-173"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964103–06_173-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMetzger1964">Metzger 1964</a>, pp. 103–06. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964216-174"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964216_174-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMetzger1964">Metzger 1964</a>, p. 216. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964218-175"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzger1964218_175-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMetzger1964">Metzger 1964</a>, p. 218. </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> For more, see Timothy Berg, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://textandcanon.org/misconceptions-about-the-king-james-bible/">textandcanon.org</a>, "Seven Common Misconceptions about the King James Bible", Text & Canon Institute (2022). </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997153–54-177"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarber1997153–54_177-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarber1997">Barber 1997</a>, pp. 153–54. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150-178">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150_178-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150_178-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarber1997">Barber 1997</a>, p. 150. </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#5:13" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 5:13</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150–51-180"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarber1997150–51_180-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarber1997">Barber 1997</a>, pp. 150–51. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997166–67-182"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarber1997166–67_182-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarber1997">Barber 1997</a>, pp. 166–67. </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Genesis#13:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Genesis">Genesis 13:5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarber1997212-184"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarber1997212_184-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarber1997">Barber 1997</a>, p. 212. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001229-186"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001229_186-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBobrick2001">Bobrick 2001</a>, p. 229. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001252-187"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBobrick2001252_187-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBobrick2001">Bobrick 2001</a>, p. 252. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell20035-188"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell20035_188-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Job#28:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Job">Job 28:1–11</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBruce2002145-190"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBruce2002145_190-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBruce2002">Bruce 2002</a>, p. 145. </li> <li id="cite_note-Errors_in_the_King_James_Version?-191"><a href="#cite_ref-Errors_in_the_King_James_Version?_191-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923212958/http://www.dbts.edu/journals/1999/combs.pdf">"Errors in the King James Version? by William W. Combs"</a> (PDF). DBSJ. 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbts.edu/journals/1999/combs.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 23 September 2015. 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Condé Nast. Retrieved 10 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vanity+Fair&rft.atitle=When+the+King+Saved+God&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Hitchens&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Fculture%2F2011%2F05%2Fhitchens-201105%3FcurrentPage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/may/19/richard-dawkins-king-james-bible">"Why I want all our children to read the King James Bible"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 20 May 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Why+I+want+all+our+children+to+read+the+King+James+Bible&rft.date=2012-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2012%2Fmay%2F19%2Frichard-dawkins-king-james-bible&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.churchpublishing.org/general_convention/pdf_const_2003/Title_II_Worship.pdf">The Canons of the General Convention of the Episcopal Church: Canon 2: Of Translations of the Bible</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150724114610/https://www.churchpublishing.org/general_convention/pdf_const_2003/Title_II_Worship.pdf">Archived</a> 24 July 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMartin2023" class="citation web cs1">Martin, Dan (6 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leicestershire-65494559">"King Charles' Coronation Oath Bible will contain mistakes"</a>. BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 14 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=King+Charles%27+Coronation+Oath+Bible+will+contain+mistakes&rft.date=2023-05-06&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-leicestershire-65494559&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/news/news-and-statements/archbishop-canterbury-receives-coronation-bible-lambeth-palace">"Archbishop of Canterbury receives the Coronation Bible at Lambeth Palace"</a>. Retrieved 14 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archbishop+of+Canterbury+receives+the+Coronation+Bible+at+Lambeth+Palace&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archbishopofcanterbury.org%2Fnews%2Fnews-and-statements%2Farchbishop-canterbury-receives-coronation-bible-lambeth-palace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grammich1999-200"><a href="#cite_ref-Grammich1999_200-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGrammich1999" class="citation book cs1">Grammich, Clifford Anthony (1999). Local Baptists, Local Politics: Churches and Communities in the Middle and Uplands South. 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Department of Christian Education – <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America" title="Orthodox Church in America">Orthodox Church in America</a>. 2014. Retrieved 28 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biblical+Studies&rft.pub=Department+of+Christian+Education+%E2%80%93+Orthodox+Church+in+America&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdce.oca.org%2Fresource%2F272%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Durken2015-204"><a href="#cite_ref-Durken2015_204-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDurken2015" class="citation book cs1">Durken, Daniel (17 December 2015). New Collegeville Bible Commentary: Old Testament. Liturgical Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8146-3587-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8146-3587-2"><bdi>978-0-8146-3587-2</bdi></a>. <q>The King James tradition was continued in the Revised Version of 1881 and 1885, the Revised Standard Version of 1946 and 1952, and the New Revised Standard Version of 1989.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Collegeville+Bible+Commentary%3A+Old+Testament&rft.pub=Liturgical+Press&rft.date=2015-12-17&rft.isbn=978-0-8146-3587-2&rft.aulast=Durken&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://store.kjv1611.org/russian-new-testament-bible-with-job-through-song-of-solomon/">"Russian: New Testament Bible with Job through Song of Solomon"</a>. Bible Baptist Bookstore. Retrieved 25 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bible+Baptist+Bookstore&rft.atitle=Russian%3A+New+Testament+Bible+with+Job+through+Song+of+Solomon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstore.kjv1611.org%2Frussian-new-testament-bible-with-job-through-song-of-solomon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://harvestukraine.org/rus/docs/Complete_Rus_Bible_description.htm">"description"</a>. harvestukraine.org. Retrieved 25 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=harvestukraine.org&rft.atitle=description&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fharvestukraine.org%2Frus%2Fdocs%2FComplete_Rus_Bible_description.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fkj.fo/">"Heilaga Bíblia"</a> (in Danish). Retrieved 6 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heilaga+B%C3%ADblia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffkj.fo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HofC_Library_-_the_royal_prerogative-208"><a href="#cite_ref-HofC_Library_-_the_royal_prerogative_208-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-9877/CBP-9877.pdf">"The royal prerogative and ministerial advice"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/UK_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Parliament">UK Parliament</a>. <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_Library" title="House of Commons Library">House of Commons Library</a>. Retrieved 3 August 2024. <q>[The royal prerogative includes] Sole right of printing or licensing the printing of the Authorised Version of the Bible, the Book of Common Prayer, state papers and Acts of Parliament</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Parliament&rft.atitle=The+royal+prerogative+and+ministerial+advice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearchbriefings.files.parliament.uk%2Fdocuments%2FCBP-9877%2FCBP-9877.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzgerCoogan1993618-209">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzgerCoogan1993618_209-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzgerCoogan1993618_209-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzgerCoogan1993618_209-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMetzgerCoogan1993">Metzger & Coogan 1993</a>, p. 618. </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/171/">"Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988: Section 171"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legislation.gov.uk" title="Legislation.gov.uk">legislation.gov.uk</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives</a>, 1988 c. 48 (s. 171), retrieved 3 August 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=legislation.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Copyright%2C+Designs+and+Patents+Act+1988%26%2358%3B+Section+171&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flegislation.gov.uk%2Fukpga%2F1988%2F48%2Fsection%2F171%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.org/bibles/rights/">"Bibles"</a>. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 11 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bibles&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fbibles%2Frights%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/8289149/Shakespeares-Globe-takes-issue-with-the-Queen-over-Bible-reading-royalties.html">"Shakespeare's Globe takes issue with the Queen over Bible royalties – The Daily Telegraph"</a>. 29 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/8289149/Shakespeares-Globe-takes-issue-with-the-Queen-over-Bible-reading-royalties.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shakespeare%27s+Globe+takes+issue+with+the+Queen+over+Bible+royalties+%E2%80%93+The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.date=2011-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2Ftheroyalfamily%2F8289149%2FShakespeares-Globe-takes-issue-with-the-Queen-over-Bible-reading-royalties.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130414122759/http://www.cambridge.org/home/page/item6459996/">"The Queen's Printer's Patent"</a>. Cambridge University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.org/home/page/item6459996/">the original</a> on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2012. <q>We grant permission to use the text, and license printing or the importation for sale within the UK, as long as we are assured of acceptable quality and accuracy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Queen%27s+Printer%27s+Patent&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fhome%2Fpage%2Fitem6459996%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003187-214"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003187_214-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 187. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHill1993338-215"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHill1993338_215-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHill1993">Hill 1993</a>, p. 338. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKenyon1909-216"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKenyon1909_216-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKenyon1909">Kenyon 1909</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003600-217"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003600_217-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 600. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003622-218"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaniell2003622_218-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDaniell2003">Daniell 2003</a>, p. 622. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrowne1859362–-219"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrowne1859362–_219-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrowne1859">Browne 1859</a>, pp. 362–. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMelton200538-220"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMelton200538_220-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMelton2005">Melton 2005</a>, p. 38. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Works cited">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAdamsThacherEmerson1811" class="citation book cs1">Adams, David Phineas; Thacher, Samuel Cooper; Emerson, William (1811). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/monthlyantholog04socigoog">The Monthly Anthology, and Boston Review</a>. Munroe and Francis.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Monthly+Anthology%2C+and+Boston+Review&rft.pub=Munroe+and+Francis&rft.date=1811&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=David+Phineas&rft.au=Thacher%2C+Samuel+Cooper&rft.au=Emerson%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmonthlyantholog04socigoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnon.1783" class="citation book cs1">Anon. (1783). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ai83AAAAMAAJ">A call to the Jews</a>. J. Johnson.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+call+to+the+Jews&rft.pub=J.+Johnson&rft.date=1783&rft.au=Anon.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dai83AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnon.1801" class="citation book cs1">Anon. (1801). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lPbVAAAAMAAJ">The Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine</a>. J. Whittle.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anti-Jacobin+Review+and+Magazine&rft.pub=J.+Whittle&rft.date=1801&rft.au=Anon.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlPbVAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnon.1814" class="citation book cs1">Anon. (1814). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6nICAAAAYAAJ">Missionary Register</a>. Seeley, Jackson, & Halliday for the <a href="/wiki/Church_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Missionary Society">Church Missionary Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Missionary+Register&rft.pub=Seeley%2C+Jackson%2C+%26+Halliday+for+the+Church+Missionary+Society&rft.date=1814&rft.au=Anon.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6nICAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnon.1856" class="citation book cs1">Anon. (1856). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7EIRAAAAIAAJ">The Original Secession Magazine</a>. Vol. ii. Edinburgh: Moodie and Lothian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Original+Secession+Magazine&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Moodie+and+Lothian&rft.date=1856&rft.au=Anon.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7EIRAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnon.1996" class="citation book cs1">Anon. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z-woAAAACAAJ">The Elizabeth Perkins Prothro Bible Collection: A Checklist</a>. Bridwell Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-941881-19-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-941881-19-7"><bdi>978-0-941881-19-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Elizabeth+Perkins+Prothro+Bible+Collection%3A+A+Checklist&rft.pub=Bridwell+Library&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-941881-19-7&rft.au=Anon.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz-woAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarber1997" class="citation book cs1">Barber, Charles Laurence (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Iat4Bk_YeR4C">Early modern English</a> (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7486-0835-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7486-0835-4"><bdi>0-7486-0835-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+modern+English&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7486-0835-4&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.aufirst=Charles+Laurence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIat4Bk_YeR4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBobrick2001" class="citation book cs1">Bobrick, Benson (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wideaswatersstor0000bobr">Wide as the waters: the story of the English Bible and the revolution it inspired</a>. New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-84747-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-84747-7"><bdi>0-684-84747-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wide+as+the+waters%3A+the+story+of+the+English+Bible+and+the+revolution+it+inspired&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-684-84747-7&rft.aulast=Bobrick&rft.aufirst=Benson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwideaswatersstor0000bobr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoisAllenWalker1969" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Bois" title="John Bois">Bois, John</a>; Allen, Ward; Walker, Anthony (1969). Translating for King James; being a true copy of the only notes made by a translator of King James's Bible, the Authorized Version, as the Final Committee of Review revised the translation of Romans through Revelation at Stationers' Hall in London in 1610–1611. Taken by John Bois ... these notes were for three centuries lost, and only now are come to light, through a copy made by the hand of William Fulman. Here translated and edited by Ward Allen. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/607818272">607818272</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Translating+for+King+James%3B+being+a+true+copy+of+the+only+notes+made+by+a+translator+of+King+James%27s+Bible%2C+the+Authorized+Version%2C+as+the+Final+Committee+of+Review+revised+the+translation+of+Romans+through+Revelation+at+Stationers%27+Hall+in+London+in+1610%E2%80%931611.+Taken+by+John+Bois+...+these+notes+were+for+three+centuries+lost%2C+and+only+now+are+come+to+light%2C+through+a+copy+made+by+the+hand+of+William+Fulman.+Here+translated+and+edited+by+Ward+Allen.&rft.place=Nashville&rft.pub=Vanderbilt+University+Press&rft.date=1969&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F607818272&rft.aulast=Bois&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Allen%2C+Ward&rft.au=Walker%2C+Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrowne1859" class="citation book cs1">Browne, George (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historybritisha00browgoog">History of the British and Foreign Bible Society</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historybritisha00browgoog/page/n386">362</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+British+and+Foreign+Bible+Society&rft.pages=362&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Browne&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistorybritisha00browgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBruce2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Fyvie_Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Fyvie Bruce">Bruce, Frederick Fyvie</a> (2002). History of the Bible in English. Cambridge: Lutterworth Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7188-9032-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7188-9032-9"><bdi>0-7188-9032-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Bible+in+English&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Lutterworth+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7188-9032-9&rft.aulast=Bruce&rft.aufirst=Frederick+Fyvie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFButler1807" class="citation book cs1">Butler, Charles (1807). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MHVAAAAAcAAJ">Horae Biblicae</a>. Vol. 1 (4th ed.). London: J. White. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/64048851">64048851</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Horae+Biblicae&rft.place=London&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=J.+White&rft.date=1807&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F64048851&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMHVAAAAAcAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChadwick1970" class="citation book cs1">Chadwick, Owen (1970). The Victorian Church Part II. Edinburgh: A&C Black. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-334-02410-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-334-02410-2"><bdi>0-334-02410-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Victorian+Church+Part+II&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=0-334-02410-2&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=Owen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChapman1856" class="citation book cs1">Chapman, James L. (1856). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanismversu00chap">Americanism versus Romanism: or the cis-Atlantic battle between Sam and the pope</a>. Nashville, TN: the author. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1848388">1848388</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Americanism+versus+Romanism%3A+or+the+cis-Atlantic+battle+between+Sam+and+the+pope&rft.place=Nashville%2C+TN&rft.pub=the+author&rft.date=1856&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1848388&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=James+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanismversu00chap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDaiches1968" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Daiches" title="David Daiches">Daiches, David</a> (1968). The King James Version of the English Bible: An Account of the Development and Sources of the English Bible of 1611 With Special Reference to the Hebrew Tradition. Hamden, Conn: Archon Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-208-00493-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-208-00493-9"><bdi>0-208-00493-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+King+James+Version+of+the+English+Bible%3A+An+Account+of+the+Development+and+Sources+of+the+English+Bible+of+1611+With+Special+Reference+to+the+Hebrew+Tradition&rft.place=Hamden%2C+Conn&rft.pub=Archon+Books&rft.date=1968&rft.isbn=0-208-00493-9&rft.aulast=Daiches&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDaniell2003" class="citation book cs1">Daniell, David (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bibleinenglishit0000dani">The Bible in English: its history and influence</a>. New Haven, Conn: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-09930-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-09930-4"><bdi>0-300-09930-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bible+in+English%3A+its+history+and+influence&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Conn&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-300-09930-4&rft.aulast=Daniell&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbibleinenglishit0000dani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDeCoursey2003" class="citation book cs1">DeCoursey, Matthew (2003). Edward A. Malone (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e9EUAQAAIAAJ">British Rhetoricians and Logicians, 1500–1660: Second series</a>. Gale Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-6025-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-6025-3"><bdi>978-0-7876-6025-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Rhetoricians+and+Logicians%2C+1500%E2%80%931660%3A+Second+series&rft.pub=Gale+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7876-6025-3&rft.aulast=DeCoursey&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De9EUAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDore1888" class="citation book cs1">Dore, John Read (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oldbiblesanacco00doregoog">Old Bibles: An Account of the Early Versions of the English Bible</a> (2nd ed.). Eyre and Spottiswoode.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Old+Bibles%3A+An+Account+of+the+Early+Versions+of+the+English+Bible&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Eyre+and+Spottiswoode&rft.date=1888&rft.aulast=Dore&rft.aufirst=John+Read&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foldbiblesanacco00doregoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDouglas1974" class="citation book cs1">Douglas, James Dixon, ed. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newinternational0000doug">New International Dictionary of the Christian Church</a>. Zondervan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+International+Dictionary+of+the+Christian+Church&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=1974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewinternational0000doug&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGreenslade1963" class="citation book cs1">Greenslade, S. L. (1963). "English Versions of the Bible, 1525–1611". In Greenslade, S. L. (ed.). The Cambridge History of the Bible, Volume III: The West From Reformation to Present Day. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 141–175.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=English+Versions+of+the+Bible%2C+1525%E2%80%931611&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+the+Bible%2C+Volume+III%3A+The+West+From+Reformation+to+Present+Day&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E141-%3C%2Fspan%3E175&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Greenslade&rft.aufirst=S.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMelton2005" class="citation book cs1">Melton, J. Gordon (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bW3sXBjnokkC&pg=PA38">Encyclopedia of Protestantism</a>. Infobase Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6983-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6983-5"><bdi>978-0-8160-6983-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Protestantism&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-6983-5&rft.aulast=Melton&rft.aufirst=J.+Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbW3sXBjnokkC%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHacket1715" class="citation book cs1">Hacket, John (1715). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JosAAAAAMAAJ">Bishop Hacket's Memoirs of the Life of Archbishop Williams ... Abridg'd: With the Most Remarkable Occurrences and Transactions in Church and State</a>. Sam. Briscoe.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bishop+Hacket%27s+Memoirs+of+the+Life+of+Archbishop+Williams+...+Abridg%27d%3A+With+the+Most+Remarkable+Occurrences+and+Transactions+in+Church+and+State&rft.pub=Sam.+Briscoe&rft.date=1715&rft.aulast=Hacket&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJosAAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHague1948" class="citation book cs1">Hague, Dyson (1948). Through the Prayer Book. Church Book Room Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Through+the+Prayer+Book&rft.pub=Church+Book+Room+Press&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Hague&rft.aufirst=Dyson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHall1881" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Isaac Hollister (1881). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bible-researcher.com/kjvhist.html">The Revised New Testament and History of Revisions</a>. Hubbard Bros.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Revised+New+Testament+and+History+of+Revisions&rft.pub=Hubbard+Bros.&rft.date=1881&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Isaac+Hollister&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bible-researcher.com%2Fkjvhist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHerbert1968" class="citation book cs1">Herbert, A. S. (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uTLRMgEACAAJ">Historical Catalogue of Printed Editions of the English Bible, 1525–1961, Etc</a>. British and Foreign Bible Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Catalogue+of+Printed+Editions+of+the+English+Bible%2C+1525%E2%80%931961%2C+Etc&rft.pub=British+and+Foreign+Bible+Society&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Herbert&rft.aufirst=A.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuTLRMgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHill1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Christopher_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="John Edward Christopher Hill">Hill, Christopher</a> (1993). The English Bible and the seventeenth-century revolution. London: Allen Lane. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7139-9078-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7139-9078-3"><bdi>0-7139-9078-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+English+Bible+and+the+seventeenth-century+revolution&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Allen+Lane&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-7139-9078-3&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHill1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Christopher_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="John Edward Christopher Hill">Hill, Christopher</a> (1997). Society and Puritanism in pre-revolutionary England. New York: St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-17432-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-17432-2"><bdi>0-312-17432-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Society+and+Puritanism+in+pre-revolutionary+England&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-312-17432-2&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHobbes2010" class="citation book cs1">Hobbes, Thomas (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aDfNngEACAAJ">Leviathan</a>. 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Cambridge: University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76284-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76284-7"><bdi>978-0-521-76284-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/665139368">665139368</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Editor%27s+introduction&rft.btitle=The+new+Cambridge+paragraph+Bible+with+the+apocrypha+%3A+King+James+version&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F665139368&rft.isbn=978-0-521-76284-7&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFProcterFrere1902" class="citation book cs1">Procter, Francis; Frere, Walter Howard (1902). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KEYonQEACAAJ">A New History of the Book of Common Prayer</a>. 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Abingdon Press. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/68011477">68011477</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Literary+History+of+the+Bible%3A+From+the+Middle+Ages+to+the+Present+Day&rft.pub=Abingdon+Press&rft.date=1968&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F68011477&rft.aulast=MacGregor&rft.aufirst=Geddes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Faliteraryhistory0000unse%2Fpage%2F170&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNewcome1792" class="citation book cs1">Newcome, William (1792). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicalviewof00newc">Historical View of the English Biblical Translations</a>. 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Batsford.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+outline+of+Anglo-American+Bible+history&rft.pub=London+%3A+B.T.+Batsford&rft.date=1958&rft.aulast=Newgass&rft.aufirst=Edgar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foutlineofangloam0000newg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNorton2005" class="citation book cs1">Norton, David (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W3oVRK4I7UsC">A Textual History of the King James Bible</a>. 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Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/authorizedediti00scrigoog">the original</a> on 10 November 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Authorized+Edition+of+the+English+Bible%2C+1611%2C+its+subsequent+reprints+and+modern+representatives&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1884&rft.aulast=Scrivener&rft.aufirst=Frederick+Henry+Ambrose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fauthorizedediti00scrigoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith1814" class="citation book cs1">Smith, William (1814). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0V0XAAAAYAAJ">The reasonableness of setting forth the most worthy praise of Almighty God: according to the usage of the primitive church</a>. New York: T. and J. Swords. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3512140">3512140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+reasonableness+of+setting+forth+the+most+worthy+praise+of+Almighty+God%3A+according+to+the+usage+of+the+primitive+church&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=T.+and+J.+Swords&rft.date=1814&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3512140&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0V0XAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStory1967" class="citation book cs1">Story, G. M. (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-seqoAEACAAJ">Lancelot Andrewes Sermons</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lancelot+Andrewes+Sermons&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Story&rft.aufirst=G.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-seqoAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="thomas1874" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Isaiah (1874). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofprintin01thom">The history of printing in America, with a biography of printers</a>. Vol. I. New York, B. Franklin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+history+of+printing+in+America%2C+with+a+biography+of+printers&rft.pub=New+York%2C+B.+Franklin&rft.date=1874&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Isaiah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofprintin01thom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTwells1731" class="citation book cs1">Twells, Leonard (1731). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5MJUDVQxrg0C">A critical examination of the late new text and version of the New Testament ... Part I</a>. London: R.Gosling.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+critical+examination+of+the+late+new+text+and+version+of+the+New+Testament+...+Part+I&rft.place=London&rft.pub=R.Gosling&rft.date=1731&rft.aulast=Twells&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5MJUDVQxrg0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWallechinskyWallace1975" class="citation book cs1">Wallechinsky, David; Wallace, Irving (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/peoplesalmanac00wall">The People's Almanac</a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-04186-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-04186-7"><bdi>978-0-385-04186-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+People%27s+Almanac&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-385-04186-7&rft.aulast=Wallechinsky&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Irving&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpeoplesalmanac00wall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhite2009" class="citation book cs1">White, James R. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q7H_2eQC91kC">The King James Only Controversy: Can You Trust Modern Translations?</a>. Baker Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7642-0605-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7642-0605-4"><bdi>978-0-7642-0605-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+King+James+Only+Controversy%3A+Can+You+Trust+Modern+Translations%3F&rft.pub=Baker+Books&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-7642-0605-4&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=James+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq7H_2eQC91kC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316" /><div class="refbegin" style=""> Chronological order of publication (newest first) <ul><li>Joalland, Michael. "Isaac Newton Reads the King James Version: The Marginal Notes and Reading Marks of a Natural Philosopher." Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, vol. 113, no. 3 (2019): 297–339.</li> <li>Burke, David G., John F. Kutsko, and Philip H. Towner, eds. The King James Version at 400: Assessing Its Genius as Bible Translation and Its Literary Influence (Society of Biblical Literature; 2013) 553 pages; scholars examine such topics as the KJV and 17th-century religious lyric, the KJV and the language of liturgy, and the KJV in Christian Orthodox perspective.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrystal2011" class="citation book cs1">Crystal, David (2011). Begat: The King James Bible and the English Language. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19969518-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19969518-8"><bdi>978-0-19969518-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Begat%3A+The+King+James+Bible+and+the+English+Language&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-19969518-8&rft.aulast=Crystal&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHallihan2010" class="citation book cs1">Hallihan, C.P. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EnxAygAACAAJ">Authorized Version: A Wonderful and Unfinished History</a>. Trinitarian Bible Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86228-049-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86228-049-6"><bdi>978-1-86228-049-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Authorized+Version%3A+A+Wonderful+and+Unfinished+History&rft.pub=Trinitarian+Bible+Society&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-86228-049-6&rft.aulast=Hallihan&rft.aufirst=C.P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEnxAygAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> Published to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the initial publication, in 1611, of the Authorized ("King James") Version of the Bible</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKeay2005" class="citation book cs1">Keay, Julia (2005). Alexander the Corrector: the tormented genius who unwrote the Bible. London: Harper Perennial. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-713196-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-713196-8"><bdi>0-00-713196-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alexander+the+Corrector%3A+the+tormented+genius+who+unwrote+the+Bible&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Harper+Perennial&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-00-713196-8&rft.aulast=Keay&rft.aufirst=Julia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEhrman2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman">Ehrman, Bart D.</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/misquotingjesuss00ehrm">Misquoting Jesus: the story behind who changed the Bible and why</a>. San Francisco: <a href="/wiki/HarperSanFrancisco" class="mw-redirect" title="HarperSanFrancisco">HarperSanFrancisco</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-073817-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-073817-0"><bdi>0-06-073817-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Misquoting+Jesus%3A+the+story+behind+who+changed+the+Bible+and+why&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=HarperSanFrancisco&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-06-073817-0&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmisquotingjesuss00ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNicolson2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Nicolson" title="Adam Nicolson">Nicolson, Adam</a> (2003). Power and Glory: Jacobean England and the Making of the King James Bible. London: Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-710893-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-710893-1"><bdi>0-00-710893-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Power+and+Glory%3A+Jacobean+England+and+the+Making+of+the+King+James+Bible&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-00-710893-1&rft.aulast=Nicolson&rft.aufirst=Adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> In US:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNicolson2003" class="citation book cs1">  (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/godssecretariesm00nico">God's secretaries: the making of the King James Bible</a>. London: Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-018516-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-018516-3"><bdi>0-06-018516-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God%27s+secretaries%3A+the+making+of+the+King+James+Bible&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-06-018516-3&rft.aulast=Nicolson&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgodssecretariesm00nico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> Paperback:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNicolson2011" class="citation book cs1">  (2011). When God Spoke English: The Making of the King James Bible. London: Harper. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-743100-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-00-743100-7"><bdi>978-0-00-743100-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+God+Spoke+English%3A+The+Making+of+the+King+James+Bible&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-00-743100-7&rft.aulast=Nicolson&rft.aufirst=Adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alister_McGrath" title="Alister McGrath">McGrath, Alister E.</a> (2002). In the beginning: the story of the King James Bible and how it changed a nation, a language and a culture. New York: Anchor Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-72216-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-72216-8"><bdi>0-385-72216-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+beginning%3A+the+story+of+the+King+James+Bible+and+how+it+changed+a+nation%2C+a+language+and+a+culture&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Anchor+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-385-72216-8&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Alister+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tC1kuaetNqoC">The Diary Of Samuel Ward: A Translator Of The 1611 King James Bible</a>, eds. John Wilson Cowart and M.M. Knappen, contains surviving pages of Samuel Ward's diary from 11 May 1595 to 1 July 1632.</li> <li>Ward, Thomas (1903). Errata of the Protestant Bible [i.e. mostly of the Authorized "King James" Version]; or, The Truth of the English Translations Examined, in a Treatise Showing Some of the Errors That Are to Be Found in the English Translations of the Sacred Scriptures, Used by Protestants. A new ed., carefully rev. and corr., in which are add[itions]. New York: P.J. Kennedy and Sons. N.B.: A polemical Roman Catholic work, first published in the late 17th century.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s1EsAAAAMAAJ">Collection of English Almanacs for the Years 1702–1835</a>. 1761.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collection+of+English+Almanacs+for+the+Years+1702%E2%80%931835&rft.date=1761&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds1EsAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=King_James_Version&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:King_James_Bible" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:King James Bible">King James Bible</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Scanned copy of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1611-the-authorized-king-james-bible_202007">original 1611 Authorized King James Bible</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SF1CAQAAMAAJ">The Holy Bible: An Exact Reprint Page for Page of the Authorized Version Published in the Year MDCXI.</a> Oxford: The University Press, 1833, "a scrupulous original-spelling, page-for-page, and line-for-line reprint of the 1611 edition (including all chapter headings, marginalia, and original italicization, but with Roman type substituted for the black letter of the original)" cited in Footnote d above. Complete pdf of the original book.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgeparagra00scri/page/n5">The Cambridge Paragraph Bible of the Authorized English Version: With the Text Revised by a Collation of Its Early and Other Principal Editions, the Use of the Italic Type Made Uniform, the Marginal References Remodelled, and a Critical Introduction Prefixed.</a> Cambridge, UK: The University Press, 1873. Complete pdf of the original book.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/1611-Bible/">"King James Version (text of original 1611 Bible)"</a>. kingjamesbibleonline.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110427015446/http://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/1611-Bible/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=King+James+Version+%28text+of+original+1611+Bible%29&rft.pub=kingjamesbibleonline.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kingjamesbibleonline.org%2F1611-Bible%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> Online searchable database of the original 1611 text, including the Apocrypha and introductory text. It also contains the 1769 standard edition.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/sacredtexts/kingjames.html">"Online gallery: Sacred texts: King James Bible"</a>. British Library. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070823084804/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/sacredtexts/kingjames.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 August 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online+gallery%3A+Sacred+texts%3A+King+James+Bible&rft.pub=British+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bl.uk%2Fonlinegallery%2Fsacredtexts%2Fkingjames.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> On-line image of a page (beginning of St John's gospel) with a written description by the British Library.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://colenda.library.upenn.edu/catalog/81431-p3rv0df45">"The Holy Bible, conteyning the Old Testament, and the New. Imprinted at London: By Robert Barker ..., 1611"</a>. Colenda Digital Repository, University of Pennsylvania Library. Retrieved 27 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Holy+Bible%2C+conteyning+the+Old+Testament%2C+and+the+New.+Imprinted+at+London%3A+By+Robert+Barker+...%2C+1611&rft.pub=Colenda+Digital+Repository%2C+University+of+Pennsylvania+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolenda.library.upenn.edu%2Fcatalog%2F81431-p3rv0df45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> On-line facsimile (page images) of the 1611 printing of the King James Bible, "He" Bible variant.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bibles-online.net/1611/">"King James Version (facsimile of alternative 1611 edition, "She" Bible)"</a>. Retrieved 31 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=King+James+Version+%28facsimile+of+alternative+1611+edition%2C+%22She%22+Bible%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bibles-online.net%2F1611%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKing+James+Version" class="Z3988"> On-line facsimile (page images) of the 1611 printing of the King James Bible.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/950">Works by King James Version</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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title="Template:King James Version"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:King_James_Version" title="Template talk:King James Version"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:King_James_Version" title="Special:EditPage/Template:King James Version"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="King_James_Version61" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King James Version</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Text</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Source</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masoretic_Text" title="Masoretic Text">Masoretic Text</a> (OT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textus_Receptus" title="Textus Receptus">Textus Receptus</a> (NT)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Derivative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_King_James_Version" title="New King James Version">New King James Version</a> (NKJV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Century_King_James_Version" title="21st Century King James Version">21st Century King James Version</a> (KJ21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Millennium_Bible" title="Third Millennium Bible">Third Millennium Bible</a> (TMB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Name_Bibles" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Name Bibles">Divine Name King James Bible</a> (DNKJB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_English_Version" title="Modern English Version">Modern English Version</a> (MEV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Translators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Westminster</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lancelot_Andrewes" title="Lancelot Andrewes">Lancelot Andrewes</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Overall_(Bishop)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Overall (Bishop)">John Overall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadrian_%C3%A0_Saravia" title="Hadrian à Saravia">Hadrian à Saravia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Clarke_(vicar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Clarke (vicar)">Richard Clarke</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Layfield_(theologian)" title="John Layfield (theologian)">John Layfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Tighe" title="Robert Tighe">Robert Tighe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Burleigh" title="Francis Burleigh">Francis Burleigh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_King_(theologian)" title="Geoffrey King (theologian)">Geoffrey King</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Thomson_(theologian)" title="Richard Thomson (theologian)">Richard Thomson</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Bedwell" title="William Bedwell">William Bedwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barlow_(Bishop_of_Lincoln)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Barlow (Bishop of Lincoln)">William Barlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Spenser" title="John Spenser">John Spenser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Fenton_(priest)" title="Roger Fenton (priest)">Roger Fenton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hutchinson_(President_of_St_John%27s)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Hutchinson (President of St John's)">Ralph Hutchinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Dakins" title="William Dakins">William Dakins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rabbet" title="Michael Rabbet">Michael Rabbet</a>, Thomas Sanderson (who probably had already become <a href="/wiki/Archdeacon_of_Rochester" title="Archdeacon of Rochester">Archdeacon of Rochester</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Oxford</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Harding_(President_of_Magdalen)" title="John Harding (President of Magdalen)">John Harding</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Rainolds" title="John Rainolds">John Rainolds</a> (or Reynolds), <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holland_(translator)" title="Thomas Holland (translator)">Thomas Holland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kilby" title="Richard Kilby">Richard Kilby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miles_Smith_(bishop)" title="Miles Smith (bishop)">Miles Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Brett" title="Richard Brett">Richard Brett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Fairclough" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Fairclough">Daniel Fairclough</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Thorne_(orientalist)" title="William Thorne (orientalist)">William Thorne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ravis" title="Thomas Ravis">Thomas Ravis</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Abbot_(bishop)" title="George Abbot (bishop)">George Abbot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edes" title="Richard Edes">Richard Eedes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giles_Tomson" class="mw-redirect" title="Giles Tomson">Giles Tomson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Henry_Savile" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Henry Savile">Sir Henry Savile</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Peryn" class="mw-redirect" title="John Peryn">John Peryn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Ravens" title="Ralph Ravens">Ralph Ravens</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Harmar" title="John Harmar">John Harmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Aglionby_(divine)" title="John Aglionby (divine)">John Aglionby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Hutten" title="Leonard Hutten">Leonard Hutten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Cambridge</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lively" title="Edward Lively">Edward Lively</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(translator)" title="John Richardson (translator)">John Richardson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Chaderton" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Chaderton">Lawrence Chaderton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Dillingham" title="Francis Dillingham">Francis Dillingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Andrewes" title="Roger Andrewes">Roger Andrewes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Harrison_(translator)" title="Thomas Harrison (translator)">Thomas Harrison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Spaulding" title="Robert Spaulding">Robert Spaulding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bing" title="Andrew Bing">Andrew Bing</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Duport" title="John Duport">John Duport</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Branthwaite" title="William Branthwaite">William Branthwaite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Radcliffe" title="Jeremiah Radcliffe">Jeremiah Radcliffe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_(scholar)" title="Samuel Ward (scholar)">Samuel Ward</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Downes_(scholar)" title="Andrew Downes (scholar)">Andrew Downes</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Bois" title="John Bois">John Bois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ward_(scholar)" title="Robert Ward (scholar)">Robert Ward</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bilson" title="Thomas Bilson">Thomas Bilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bancroft" title="Richard Bancroft">Richard Bancroft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technique</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formal_equivalence" class="mw-redirect" title="Formal equivalence">Formal equivalence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_James_Only_movement" title="King James Only movement">King James Only movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verbal_plenary_preservation" title="Verbal plenary preservation">Verbal plenary preservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="English-language_translations_of_the_Bible260" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:English_Bible_translation_navbox" title="Template:English Bible translation navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:English_Bible_translation_navbox" title="Template talk:English Bible translation navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:English_Bible_translation_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:English Bible translation navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="English-language_translations_of_the_Bible260" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_English" title="Bible translations into English">English-language translations</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th–11th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wessex_Gospels" title="Wessex Gospels">Wessex Gospels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatton_Gospels" title="Hatton Gospels">Hatton Gospels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_English_Hexateuch" title="Old English Hexateuch">Old English Hexateuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_English_Bible_translations" title="Old English Bible translations">Old English Bible translations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Middle English</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wycliffe%27s_Bible" title="Wycliffe's Bible">Wycliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_English_Bible_translations" title="Middle English Bible translations">Middle English Bible translations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th–17th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyndale_Bible" title="Tyndale Bible">Tyndale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coverdale_Bible" title="Coverdale Bible">Coverdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Bible" title="Matthew Bible">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bible" title="Great Bible">Great Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taverner%27s_Bible" title="Taverner's Bible">Taverner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Bible" title="Geneva Bible">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_Bible" title="Bishops' Bible">Bishops'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims_Bible" title="Douay–Rheims Bible">Douay–Rheims</a> (DRV)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">King James</a> (KJV)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th–19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douay%E2%80%93Rheims_Bible#Challoner_Revision" title="Douay–Rheims Bible">Challoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Septuagint_version_of_the_Old_Testament_(Brenton)" title="The Septuagint version of the Old Testament (Brenton)">Brenton's Septuagint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster%27s_Revision" title="Webster's Revision">Webster's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young%27s_Literal_Translation" title="Young's Literal Translation">Young's Literal</a> (YLT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Version" title="Revised Version">Revised</a> (RV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_Oracles" title="Living Oracles">Living Oracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darby_Bible" title="Darby Bible">Darby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emphatic_Diaglott" title="Emphatic Diaglott">Emphatic Diaglott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Translation_of_the_Bible" title="Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible">Joseph Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_Bible" title="Quaker Bible">Quaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_E._Smith_Parker_Translation" title="Julia E. Smith Parker Translation">Julia E. Smith Parker Translation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Standard_Version" title="American Standard Version">American Standard</a> (ASV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emphasized_Bible" title="Emphasized Bible">Rotherham's Emphasized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrar_Fenton_Bible" title="Ferrar Fenton Bible">Ferrar Fenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moffatt,_New_Translation" title="Moffatt, New Translation">Moffatt, New Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_Bible" title="Knox Bible">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_in_Basic_English" title="Bible in Basic English">Basic English</a> (BBE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Standard_Version" title="Revised Standard Version">Revised Standard</a> (RSV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_Bible_Series" title="Anchor Bible Series">Anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Translation_of_the_Holy_Scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures">New World</a> (NWT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Language_Bible" title="Modern Language Bible">Modern Language</a> (MLB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_English_Bible" title="New English Bible">New English</a> (NEB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bible_in_Living_English" title="The Bible in Living English">Living English</a> (BLE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_American_Standard_Bible" title="New American Standard Bible">New American Standard</a> (NASB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_News_Bible" title="Good News Bible">Good News</a> (GNB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Bible" title="Jerusalem Bible">Jerusalem</a> (JB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_American_Bible" title="New American Bible">New American</a> (NAB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Living_Bible" title="The Living Bible">Living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_International_Version" title="New International Version">New International</a> (NIV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Century_Version" title="New Century Version">New Century</a> (NCV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Scriptures_Bethel_Edition" title="Sacred Scriptures Bethel Edition">Bethel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_King_James_Version" title="New King James Version">New King James</a> (NKJV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jerusalem_Bible" title="New Jerusalem Bible">New Jerusalem</a> (NJB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green%27s_Literal_Translation" title="Green's Literal Translation">Green's Literal Translation</a> (GLT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recovery_Version" title="Recovery Version">Recovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Community_Bible" title="Christian Community Bible">Christian Community</a> (CCB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Revised_Standard_Version" title="New Revised Standard Version">New Revised Standard</a> (NRSV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revised_English_Bible" title="Revised English Bible">Revised English</a> (REB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_English_Version" title="Contemporary English Version">Contemporary English</a> (CEV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Message_(Bible)" title="The Message (Bible)">The Message</a> (MSG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clear_Word" class="mw-redirect" title="The Clear Word">Clear Word</a> (TCW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Life_Version" title="New Life Version">New Life</a> (NLV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Century_King_James_Version" title="21st Century King James Version">21st Century King James</a> (KJ21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Millennium_Bible" title="Third Millennium Bible">Third Millennium</a> (TMB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_International_Reader%27s_Version" title="New International Reader's Version">New International Reader's</a> (NIrV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_International_Version_Inclusive_Language_Edition" title="New International Version Inclusive Language Edition">New International Inclusive Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God%27s_Word_Translation" title="God's Word Translation">God's Word</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Living_Translation" title="New Living Translation">New Living</a> (NLT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Bible_translations" title="Messianic Bible translations">Heinz Cassirer's translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Bible_translations#Complete_Jewish_Bible_(CJB)" title="Messianic Bible translations">Complete Jewish Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Version" title="International Standard Version">International Standard</a> (ISV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holman_Christian_Standard_Bible" title="Holman Christian Standard Bible">Holman Christian Standard</a> (HCSB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easy-to-Read_Version" title="Easy-to-Read Version">Easy-to-Read Version</a> (ERV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamsa_Bible" title="Lamsa Bible">The Holy Bible from Ancient Eastern Manuscripts</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Publication_Society_of_America_Version" title="Jewish Publication Society of America Version">Jewish Publication Society of America Version</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jewish_Publication_Society_of_America_Tanakh" title="New Jewish Publication Society of America Tanakh">New Jewish Publication Society of America Tanakh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Worrell_New_Testament" title="Worrell New Testament">Worrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Testament_in_Modern_English" title="The New Testament in Modern English">Phillips</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Prophets" title="Four Prophets">Four Prophets (Phillips)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Bible" title="Palmarian Bible">Palmarian Bible</a> (SH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_English_Bible" title="World English Bible">World English</a> (WEB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Bible_translations" title="Messianic Bible translations">World Messianic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Standard_Version" title="English Standard Version">English Standard</a> (ESV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Today%27s_New_International_Version" title="Today's New International Version">Today's New International</a> (TNIV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_English_Translation" title="New English Translation">New English</a> (NET)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Standard_Version_Catholic_Edition#RSV_Second_Catholic_Edition_(RSV-2CE)" title="Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition">Ignatius</a> (RSV2CE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_(Bible_translation)" title="The Voice (Bible translation)">The Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_English_Bible" title="Common English Bible">Common English</a> (CEB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Bible_Polyglot" title="Apostolic Bible Polyglot">Apostolic Bible Polyglot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_American_Bible_Revised_Edition" title="New American Bible Revised Edition">New American Bible Revised Edition</a> (NABRE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexham_English_Bible" title="Lexham English Bible">Lexham English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Bible_translations" title="Messianic Bible translations">The Orthodox Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Name_Bibles" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Name Bibles">Original Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Name_Bibles" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Name Bibles">Divine Name King James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Name_Bibles" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Name Bibles">Names of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Bible_translations" title="Messianic Bible translations">Tree of Life Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_English_Version" title="Modern English Version">Modern English</a> (MEV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literal_English_Version" title="Literal English Version">Literal English</a> (LEV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Standard_Bible" title="Christian Standard Bible">Christian Standard</a> (CSB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Passion_Translation" title="The Passion Translation">The Passion Translation</a> (TPT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revised_New_Jerusalem_Bible" title="Revised New Jerusalem Bible">Revised New Jerusalem</a> (RNJB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Heritage_Version" title="Evangelical Heritage Version">Evangelical Heritage</a> (EHV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Name_Bibles" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Name Bibles">New Heart English Bible, Jehovah Edition</a> (NHEB-JE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legacy_Standard_Bible" title="Legacy Standard Bible">Legacy Standard</a> (LSB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antioch_Bible" title="Antioch Bible">Antioch Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_of_Life_Version" title="Tree of Life Version">Tree of Life Version</a> (TLV)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berean_Standard_Bible&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berean Standard Bible (page does not exist)">Berean Standard</a> (BSB)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majority_Standard_Bible&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majority Standard Bible (page does not exist)">Majority Standard</a> (MSB)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Bible_Version&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Bible Version (page does not exist)">Free Bible Version</a> (FBV)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Hebrew_Bible_(Alter)" title="The Hebrew Bible (Alter)">Alter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_English_Translation_of_the_Septuagint" title="New English Translation of the Septuagint">New English Translation of the Septuagint</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Study Bibles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Haydock#The_Haydock_Bible" title="Thomas Haydock">Haydock Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Application_Study_Bible" title="Life Application Study Bible">Life Application Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Annotated_Bible" title="Oxford Annotated Bible">Oxford Annotated Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation_Study_Bible" title="Reformation Study Bible">Reformation Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scofield_Reference_Bible" title="Scofield Reference Bible">Scofield Reference Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Chain-Reference_Bible" title="Thompson Chain-Reference Bible">Thompson Chain-Reference Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finis_Jennings_Dake#Writings" title="Finis Jennings Dake">Dake Annotated Reference Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos_International_Study_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Logos International Study Bible">Logos International Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMG_International" title="AMG International">Hebrew-Greek Key Word Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Study_Bible" title="MacArthur Study Bible">MacArthur Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Caldwell_Ryrie#Publications" title="Charles Caldwell Ryrie">Ryrie Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wesley_Study_Bible" title="The Wesley Study Bible">The Wesley Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_Publishing_House" title="Concordia Publishing House">The Lutheran Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Study_Bible" title="Orthodox Study Bible">Orthodox Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIV_Study_Bible" title="NIV Study Bible">Study Bible for NIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESV_Study_Bible" title="ESV Study Bible">Study Bible for ESV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_NLT_Study_Bible" title="The NLT Study Bible">Study Bible for NLT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_News_Study_Bible" title="Good News Study Bible">Study Bible for GNT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Interpreter%27s_Study_Bible" title="New Interpreter's Study Bible">New Interpreter's Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflecting_God_Study_Bible" title="Reflecting God Study Bible">Reflecting God Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Study_Bible" title="Archaeological Study Bible">Archaeological Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Life_with_God_Study_Bible" title="The Life with God Study Bible">The Life with God Study Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Bible" title="The Green Bible">The Green Bible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Picture Bibles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Brick_Bible" title="The Brick Bible">The Brick Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Manga_Bible:_From_Genesis_to_Revelation" title="The Manga Bible: From Genesis to Revelation">The Manga Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Action_Bible" title="The Action Bible">The Action Bible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern Dialectal & Slang</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Glasgow_Bible" title="A Glasgow Bible">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LOLCat_Bible_Translation_Project" title="LOLCat Bible Translation Project">LOLCat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Bible_Society" title="American Bible Society">American Bible Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zondervan" title="Zondervan">Zondervan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nelson_(publisher)" title="Thomas Nelson (publisher)">Thomas Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyndale_House" title="Tyndale House">Tyndale House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LifeWay_Christian_Resources" title="LifeWay Christian Resources">Holman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockman_Foundation" title="Lockman Foundation">Lockman Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_News_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Good News Publishers">Crossway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrickson_Publisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Hendrickson Publisher">Hendrickson Publisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Press" title="Ignatius Press">Ignatius Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Benedict_Press" title="Saint Benedict Press">Saint Benedict Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baronius_Press" title="Baronius Press">Baronius Press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Additional lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_Bible_translations" title="List of English Bible translations">List of English Bible translations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_English_Bible_translations" title="Old English Bible translations">Old English (pre-1066)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_English_Bible_translations" title="Middle English Bible translations">Middle English (1066–1500)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_English_Bible_translations" title="Early Modern English Bible translations">Early Modern English (1500–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_English_Bible_translations" title="Modern English Bible translations">Modern Christian (1800–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_English_Bible_translations" title="Jewish English Bible translations">Modern Jewish (1853–)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Books361" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Books" title="Template:Books"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Books" title="Template talk:Books"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Books" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Books"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Books361" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">Books</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bookbinding" title="Bookbinding">Binding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_cover" title="Book cover">Covers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dust_jacket" title="Dust jacket">dust jackets</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_design" title="Book design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Editing" title="Editing">Editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_illustration" title="Book illustration">Illustration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illuminated_manuscript" title="Illuminated manuscript">Illuminated manuscripts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printing" title="Printing">Printing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edition_(book)" title="Edition (book)">edition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_printing" title="History of printing">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incunable" title="Incunable">incunabula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_book" title="Instant book">instant book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited-edition_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Limited-edition book">limited edition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publishing" title="Publishing">Publishing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advance_copy" title="Advance copy">advance copy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcover" title="Hardcover">hardcover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paperback" title="Paperback">paperback</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_size" title="Book size">Size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typesetting" title="Typesetting">Typesetting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volume_(bibliography)" title="Volume (bibliography)">Volume (bibliography)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_(publishing)" title="Collection (publishing)">Collection (publishing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_series" title="Book series">Book series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consumption</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literary_award" title="Literary award">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bestseller" title="Bestseller">Bestsellers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_books" title="List of best-selling books">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography" title="Bibliography">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliomania" title="Bibliomania">Bibliomania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tsundoku" title="Tsundoku">tsundoku</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliophilia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliophilia">Bibliophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotherapy" title="Bibliotherapy">Bibliotherapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookmark" title="Bookmark">Bookmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookselling" title="Bookselling">Bookselling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blurb" title="Blurb">blurbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_town" title="Book town">book towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bookselling" title="History of bookselling">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Used_book" title="Used book">used</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_censorship" title="Book censorship">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_discussion_club" title="Book discussion club">Clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_collecting" title="Book collecting">Collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_scanning" title="Book scanning">Digitizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookworm_(insect)" title="Bookworm (insect)">Bookworm (insect)</a></li> <li>Furniture <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bookcase" title="Bookcase">bookcases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookend" title="Bookend">bookends</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Print_culture" title="Print culture">Print culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading" title="Reading">Reading</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy">literacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_review" title="Book review">Reviews</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_Brazil" title="Books in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_bookbinding" title="Traditional Chinese bookbinding">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_France" title="Books in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_Germany" title="Books in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_Italy" title="Books in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Was%C5%8Dbon" title="Wasōbon">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_the_Netherlands" title="Books in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_and_publishing_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Books and publishing in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_Spain" title="Books in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Books in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_in_the_United_States" title="Books in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Genres <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional book">fictional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_book" title="Miniature book">miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop-up_book" title="Pop-up book">pop-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textbook" title="Textbook">textbook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimoire" title="Grimoire">Grimoire</a></li> <li>Formats <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebook" title="Ebook">Ebooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folio" title="Folio">Folio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_table_book" title="Coffee table book">Coffee table book</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_banned_books" title="Lists of banned books">Banned books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_burning" title="Book burning">Book burning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_book-burning_incidents" title="List of book-burning incidents">incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_book_burnings" title="Nazi book burnings">Nazi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_curse" title="Book curse">Book curses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_packaging" title="Book packaging">Book packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_swapping" title="Book swapping">Book swapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_tour" title="Book tour">Book tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_books,_manuscripts,_documents_and_ephemera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera">Conservation and restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_ears" title="Dog ears">Dog ears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_books" title="History of books">History of books</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scroll" title="Scroll">scroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex" title="Codex">codex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_books" title="Outline of books">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_(library_and_archive)" title="Preservation (library and archive)">Preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Philobiblon" title="The Philobiblon">The Philobiblon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Book_Day" title="World Book Day">World Book Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Book_Capital" title="World Book Capital">World Book Capital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/20px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/40px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_books" title="Outline of books">Outline</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Books" title="Category:Books">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/20px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/40px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x" 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class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-d6f4c4464-66h77","wgBackendResponseTime":390,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.069","walltime":"3.613","ppvisitednodes":{"value":22932,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":356340,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":37611,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":21,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":408083,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3109.059 1 -total"," 22.31% 693.748 175 Template:Sfn"," 15.55% 483.310 2 Template:Reflist"," 14.68% 456.521 66 Template:Cite_book"," 8.08% 251.240 15 Template:Efn"," 6.88% 213.975 23 Template:Cite_web"," 5.75% 178.828 1 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