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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_military_parades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_military_parades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Types of military parades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_military_parades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Current era</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Current_era-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Current era subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Current_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-By_country" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_country"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>By country</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_country-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Albania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Albania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Argentina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argentina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Argentina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argentina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia_and_New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia_and_New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Australia and New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia_and_New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bolivia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bolivia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.5</span> <span>Bolivia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bolivia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brazil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brazil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.6</span> <span>Brazil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brazil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brunei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brunei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.7</span> <span>Brunei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brunei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.8</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.9</span> <span>Chile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.10</span> <span>China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-People's_Republic_of_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People's_Republic_of_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.10.1</span> <span>People's Republic of China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People's_Republic_of_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Republic_of_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republic_of_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.10.2</span> <span>Republic of China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republic_of_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colombia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colombia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.11</span> <span>Colombia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colombia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.12</span> <span>Cuba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czech_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czech_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.13</span> <span>Czech Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czech_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecuador" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecuador"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.14</span> <span>Ecuador</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecuador-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.15</span> <span>Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.16</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.17</span> <span>Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.18</span> <span>Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.19</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.20</span> <span>Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-North_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.20.1</span> <span><i>North Korea</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.20.2</span> <span><i>South Korea</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.21</span> <span>Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mongolia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mongolia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.22</span> <span>Mongolia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mongolia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paraguay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paraguay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.23</span> <span>Paraguay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paraguay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.24</span> <span>Peru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.25</span> <span>Philippines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.26</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.27</span> <span>Romania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia_and_ex-Soviet_countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia_and_ex-Soviet_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28</span> <span>Russia and ex-Soviet countries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia_and_ex-Soviet_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Armenia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.1</span> <span>Armenia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Azerbaijan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Azerbaijan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.2</span> <span>Azerbaijan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Azerbaijan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belarus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belarus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.3</span> <span>Belarus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.4</span> <span>Estonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Georgia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Georgia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.5</span> <span>Georgia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Georgia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kazakhstan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kazakhstan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.6</span> <span>Kazakhstan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kazakhstan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kyrgyzstan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kyrgyzstan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.7</span> <span>Kyrgyzstan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kyrgyzstan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latvia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latvia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.8</span> <span>Latvia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latvia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithuania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithuania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.9</span> <span>Lithuania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithuania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.10</span> <span>Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tajikistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tajikistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.11</span> <span>Tajikistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tajikistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkmenistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkmenistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.12</span> <span>Turkmenistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkmenistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.28.13</span> <span>Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serbia/Former_Yugoslavia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serbia/Former_Yugoslavia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.29</span> <span>Serbia/Former Yugoslavia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serbia/Former_Yugoslavia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Croatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Croatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.29.1</span> <span>Croatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Croatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Macedonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Macedonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.29.2</span> <span>North Macedonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Macedonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serbia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serbia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.29.3</span> <span>Serbia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serbia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singapore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singapore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.30</span> <span>Singapore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singapore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.31</span> <span>South Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.32</span> <span>Turkey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.33</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.34</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.35</span> <span>Venezuela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.36</span> <span>Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > 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> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C9%99rbi_parad" title="Hərbi parad – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hərbi parad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ia%CC%8Dt-peng" title="Ia̍t-peng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ia̍t-peng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desfilada_militar" title="Desfilada militar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Desfilada militar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A1_p%C5%99ehl%C3%ADdka" title="Vojenská přehlídka – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vojenská přehlídka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eksercits" title="Eksercits – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eksercits" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rparade" title="Militärparade – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Militärparade" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B5jav%C3%A4eparaad" title="Sõjaväeparaad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sõjaväeparaad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Παρέλαση – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παρέλαση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desfile_militar" title="Desfile militar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Desfile militar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DA%98%D9%87_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="رژه نظامی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رژه نظامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9fil%C3%A9_militaire" title="Défilé militaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Défilé militaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EB%B3%91%EC%8B%9D" title="열병식 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="열병식" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parata_militare" title="Parata militare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Parata militare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%93_%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99" title="מצעד צבאי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מצעד צבאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Әскери парад – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әскери парад" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perarakan_tentera" title="Perarakan tentera – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perarakan tentera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parade_(militair)" title="Parade (militair) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Parade (militair)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A6%B3%E5%85%B5%E5%BC%8F" title="観兵式 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="観兵式" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eksersis" title="Eksersis – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eksersis" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A6ropptog" title="Militæropptog – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Militæropptog" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defilada" title="Defilada – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Defilada" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desfile_militar" title="Desfile militar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Desfile militar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parada_ushtarake" title="Parada ushtarake – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Parada ushtarake" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercis" title="Exercis – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Exercis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asker%C3%AE_t%C3%B6ren" title="Askerî tören – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Askerî tören" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parade_(military)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Parade (military)">Parade (military)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Procession of soldiers</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tag_des_Sieges_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tag_des_Sieges_1.JPG/220px-Tag_des_Sieges_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tag_des_Sieges_1.JPG/330px-Tag_des_Sieges_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tag_des_Sieges_1.JPG/440px-Tag_des_Sieges_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1880" /></a><figcaption>Parade at the <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(Turkey)" title="Victory Day (Turkey)">Victory Day</a> in Istanbul</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_050120-F-3231D-692_he_U.S._Navy_Honor_Guard_marches_past_President_George_W._Bush_during_the_2005_Presidential_Inaugural_Parade_held_in_Washington_D.C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/US_Navy_050120-F-3231D-692_he_U.S._Navy_Honor_Guard_marches_past_President_George_W._Bush_during_the_2005_Presidential_Inaugural_Parade_held_in_Washington_D.C.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/US_Navy_050120-F-3231D-692_he_U.S._Navy_Honor_Guard_marches_past_President_George_W._Bush_during_the_2005_Presidential_Inaugural_Parade_held_in_Washington_D.C.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/US_Navy_050120-F-3231D-692_he_U.S._Navy_Honor_Guard_marches_past_President_George_W._Bush_during_the_2005_Presidential_Inaugural_Parade_held_in_Washington_D.C.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1312" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> presidential inaugural parade held in <a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington D.C.">Washington D.C.</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_spectacular_overview_of_a_marching_contingent_during_the_Republic_Day_Parade-2005_from_India_Gate,_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26,_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/A_spectacular_overview_of_a_marching_contingent_during_the_Republic_Day_Parade-2005_from_India_Gate%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2005.jpg/220px-A_spectacular_overview_of_a_marching_contingent_during_the_Republic_Day_Parade-2005_from_India_Gate%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/A_spectacular_overview_of_a_marching_contingent_during_the_Republic_Day_Parade-2005_from_India_Gate%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2005.jpg/330px-A_spectacular_overview_of_a_marching_contingent_during_the_Republic_Day_Parade-2005_from_India_Gate%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/A_spectacular_overview_of_a_marching_contingent_during_the_Republic_Day_Parade-2005_from_India_Gate%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2005.jpg/440px-A_spectacular_overview_of_a_marching_contingent_during_the_Republic_Day_Parade-2005_from_India_Gate%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="1258" /></a><figcaption>A marching contingent during the <a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Day Parade">Republic Day Parade</a> from <a href="/wiki/India_Gate" title="India Gate">India Gate</a>, in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ESM_Saint-Cyr_14_07_07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/ESM_Saint-Cyr_14_07_07.jpg/220px-ESM_Saint-Cyr_14_07_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/ESM_Saint-Cyr_14_07_07.jpg/330px-ESM_Saint-Cyr_14_07_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/ESM_Saint-Cyr_14_07_07.jpg/440px-ESM_Saint-Cyr_14_07_07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3006" data-file-height="1558" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_sp%C3%A9ciale_militaire_de_Saint-Cyr" title="École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr">Saint-Cyr cadets</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_military_parade" title="Bastille Day military parade">Bastille Day military parade</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2june_2007_580.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/2june_2007_580.jpg/220px-2june_2007_580.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/2june_2007_580.jpg/330px-2june_2007_580.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/2june_2007_580.jpg/440px-2june_2007_580.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/4th_Carabinieri_Mounted_Regiment" title="4th Carabinieri Mounted Regiment">4th Carabinieri Mounted Regiment</a> at the military parade of <i><a href="/wiki/Festa_della_Repubblica" title="Festa della Repubblica">Festa della Repubblica</a></i> 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>military parade</b> is a formation of soldiers whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as <b>drilling</b> or <b>marching</b>. Large military <a href="/wiki/Parades" class="mw-redirect" title="Parades">parades</a> are today held on major holidays and military events around the world. Massed parades may also hold a role for propaganda purposes, being used to exhibit the apparent military strength of a country. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Military_Parade_in_Cairo_(5).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Military_Parade_in_Cairo_%285%29.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Military_Parade_in_Cairo_%285%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Military_Parade_in_Cairo_%285%29.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Military_Parade_in_Cairo_%285%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Military_Parade_in_Cairo_%285%29.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Military_Parade_in_Cairo_%285%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4542" data-file-height="2964" /></a><figcaption>A military parade in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, 1955</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Military_Parade_in_Morocco_(7).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Military_Parade_in_Morocco_%287%29.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Military_Parade_in_Morocco_%287%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Military_Parade_in_Morocco_%287%29.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Military_Parade_in_Morocco_%287%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Military_Parade_in_Morocco_%287%29.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Military_Parade_in_Morocco_%287%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4587" data-file-height="2968" /></a><figcaption>A military parade in <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, 1960</figcaption></figure> <p>A military parade is a formation of soldiers whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as drilling or marching. The terminology comes from the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Close_order_formation" title="Close order formation">close order formation</a> combat, in which soldiers were held in very strict formations as to maximise their combat effectiveness. Formation combat was used as an alternative to <a href="/wiki/Melee" title="Melee">melee</a> combat, and required strict discipline in the ranks and competent officers. Close order formation combat has been phased out by advances in military equipment and tactic, and modern infantry now use <a href="/wiki/Skirmish" class="mw-redirect" title="Skirmish">skirmish</a> formation and order. However, foot drill is an important part of military education and training to instill pride and discipline among personnel. </p><p>In ancient times, drilling increased in importance when men stopped fighting as individuals and began to fight together as units. Drilling as a vital component of a war machine further increased with the increases in the size of armies, for example, when <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a> disciplined his army so they could swiftly form the <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalanx formation">phalanxes</a> that were so critical to his successes as a general. Military drilling later was used by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Army">Roman Army</a> to maximise efficiency and deadliness throughout their long history. </p><p>Modern armies use parades for ceremonial purposes, encouragement and show of discipline and to instill confidence in the country's military forces.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The U.S. drill is based on the contributions of <a href="/wiki/Baron_von_Steuben" class="mw-redirect" title="Baron von Steuben">Baron von Steuben</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Prussian_Army" title="Prussian Army">Prussian Army</a> officer who served in the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the winter quarters in <a href="/wiki/Valley_Forge" title="Valley Forge">Valley Forge</a>, Pennsylvania, von Steuben taught a model company of 100 soldiers musket drill. These soldiers, in turn, taught the remainder of the Continental Army. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_SandCat.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_SandCat.JPG/220px-%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_SandCat.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_SandCat.JPG/330px-%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_SandCat.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_SandCat.JPG/440px-%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_SandCat.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2510" data-file-height="1883" /></a><figcaption>Parade during <a href="/wiki/Defender_of_the_Fatherland_Day_(Kazakhstan)" title="Defender of the Fatherland Day (Kazakhstan)">Defender of the Fatherland Day</a> in <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> (then Nur-Sultan)</figcaption></figure> <p>The oldest, largest and most famous regular military parade in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_Military_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Bastille Day Military Parade">Bastille Day Military Parade</a> which is held each 14 July, on the <a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, during <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day" title="Bastille Day">France's national day</a> celebrations.<sup id="cite_ref-paris1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paris1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-paris-attractions1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paris-attractions1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rationale">Rationale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rationale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade,_Hamilton_Bermuda_2000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade%2C_Hamilton_Bermuda_2000.jpg/220px-Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade%2C_Hamilton_Bermuda_2000.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade%2C_Hamilton_Bermuda_2000.jpg/330px-Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade%2C_Hamilton_Bermuda_2000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade%2C_Hamilton_Bermuda_2000.jpg/440px-Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade%2C_Hamilton_Bermuda_2000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3196" data-file-height="1721" /></a><figcaption>Queen's Birthday Parade, <a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Bermuda" title="Hamilton, Bermuda">Hamilton, Bermuda</a>, 2000</figcaption></figure> <p>A military drill is memorizing certain actions through repetition until the action is instinctive to the soldiers being drilled. Complex actions are broken down into simpler ones which can be practiced in isolation so when the whole is put together the desired results are achieved. Such is necessary for a fighting force to perform at maximum efficiency in all manner of situations. However, depending on the army and the drills it adopts, drilling may destroy flexibility and initiative in exchange for predictability and cohesion. </p><p>Recruits in most modern militaries are taught drill to teach them how to work and move as a team. In addition, formations are still used in <a href="/wiki/Riot_control" title="Riot control">riot control</a>, where mêlée combat is still the norm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_military_parades">Types of military parades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types of military parades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flypast" title="Flypast">Flypast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_parade" title="Victory parade">Victory parade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval parade (page does not exist)">Naval parade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pass_in_review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pass in review (page does not exist)">Pass in review</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_era">Current era</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Current era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2013._%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5_181.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/2013._%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5_181.jpg/220px-2013._%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5_181.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/2013._%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5_181.jpg/330px-2013._%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5_181.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/2013._%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5_181.jpg/440px-2013._%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5_181.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Cadets parade in <a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Drill is today used to demonstrate discipline and cohesion in a modern military force. Large military parades are today held on major holidays and military events around the world. It usually held on occasions of national importance such as a country's independence day, and therefore is presided over by the head of state who, in most cases, is the commander in chief of the combined national military forces of that country. Today, military parades include all aspects of military drill, from an <a href="/wiki/Exhibition_drill" title="Exhibition drill">exhibition drill</a> of precision drill teams and <a href="/wiki/Military_band" title="Military band">military bands</a> (in addition to the occasional <a href="/wiki/Corps_of_drums" title="Corps of drums">corps of drums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fanfare_band" title="Fanfare band">fanfare band</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pipe_band" title="Pipe band">pipe band</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bugle_corps_(classic)" title="Drum and bugle corps (classic)">drum and bugle corps</a>), as well as an exhibition of military weapons such as a mobile column, the occasional mounted cavalry column (led by a <a href="/wiki/Mounted_band" title="Mounted band">mounted band</a>), a naval parade, and a fly past by the country's <a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air force</a>. When on parade, most of the participating soldiers wear their <a href="/wiki/Full_dress_uniform" title="Full dress uniform">ceremonial uniforms</a> and carry the standards/colours of their respective battalions/regiments/corps/academies. In many countries, the military contingent is joined by contingents from youth cadet organizations, personnel from the police and fire services, civil defense and emergency services and by occasion jail and border services, youth police and fire cadets, veterans and personnel of the civil service with occasional participation by civilian organizations, educational institutions, cultural groups and athletes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_country">By country</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: By country"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Albania">Albania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Albania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> has long been influenced by Greek and Italian influences and even Soviet/Russian tradition. During the era of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">People's Socialist Republic of Albania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberation_Day_(Albania)" title="Liberation Day (Albania)">Liberation Day</a>, which then the main national holiday, was celebrated with a military parade of the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_People%27s_Army" title="Albanian People's Army">Albanian People's Army</a> on <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>'s <a href="/wiki/D%C3%ABshmor%C3%ABt_e_Kombit_Boulevard" title="Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard">Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard</a>. These parades have been held in 1954,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1959,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1964, 1974,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1984<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1989. They usually consist of veterans, <a href="/wiki/Schoolchildren" class="mw-redirect" title="Schoolchildren">schoolchildren</a>, militiamen alongside regular force personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, military parades of the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Albanian Armed Forces</a> are held on <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Flag_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Flag Day">Albanian Flag Day</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Albania" title="Constitution of Albania">Constitution Day</a> on 28 November. One of the more notable modern military parades was held on the <a href="/wiki/100th_Anniversary_of_the_Independence_of_Albania" title="100th Anniversary of the Independence of Albania">100th Anniversary of the Independence of Albania</a>, in which a special unit of 65 soldiers from the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Security_Force" title="Kosovo Security Force">Kosovo Security Force</a>, as well as other foreign contingents, participated. The other took place on 4 December 2007 in honor of the 95th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Albanian Armed Forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argentina">Argentina</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Argentina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Argentina's long history of military parades are a heritage inherited from the times of the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata, with influences from Germany, France, Britain, and Italy. Today the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Argentine_Republic" title="Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic">Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic</a>, together with the paramilitary <a href="/wiki/Argentine_National_Gendarmerie" title="Argentine National Gendarmerie">Argentine National Gendarmerie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Naval_Prefecture" title="Argentine Naval Prefecture">Argentine Naval Prefecture</a> hosts massive military parades featuring armed companies, cadets, and military bands on the following days (national events unless otherwise noted): </p> <ul><li>January 24 – anniversary of the beginning of the Crossing of the Andes (local commemoration)</li> <li>February 3 – anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Lorenzo" title="Battle of San Lorenzo">Battle of San Lorenzo</a> (local commemoration)</li> <li>April 2 – <a href="/wiki/Malvinas_Day" title="Malvinas Day">Malvinas War Veterans' Day</a></li> <li>May 10 – anniversary of Air Force baptism of fire in the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a></li> <li>May 17 – Navy Day, anniversary of the victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Buceo" title="Battle of Buceo">Battle of Buceo</a></li> <li>May 25 – <a href="/wiki/First_National_Government" title="First National Government">First National Government Anniversary Day</a></li> <li>May 29 – Army Day</li> <li>June 17 – General Martín Miguel de Güemes Memorial Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>June 20 – <a href="/wiki/Flag_Day_(Argentina)" title="Flag Day (Argentina)">Flag Day</a></li> <li>June 30 – Naval Prefecture Day</li> <li>July 9 – <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Independence_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine Independence Day">Independence Day</a></li> <li>July 28 – National Gendarmerie Day</li> <li>August 10 – Air Force Day</li> <li>September 24 – Battle of Tucuman Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>November 20 – <a href="/wiki/National_Sovereignty_Day" title="National Sovereignty Day">National Sovereignty Day</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australia_and_New_Zealand">Australia and New Zealand</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Australia and New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As both Commonwealth realms, Australia and New Zealand share the customs and traditions of parades of the British Armed Forces. The friendship and cooperation of the defence services of both countries can be seen in the annual <a href="/wiki/Anzac_Day" title="Anzac Day">Anzac Day</a> parades every 25 April, in memory of the namesake <a href="/wiki/Australian_and_New_Zealand_Army_Corps" title="Australian and New Zealand Army Corps">Australian and New Zealand Army Corps</a>, which was heavily involved in the long <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gallipoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Gallipoli">Battle of Gallipoli</a> and were the first Allied forces to land there on that day in 1915. On this day, in many major cities in these two countries, parades are held involving personnel of both the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Defence_Force" title="Australian Defence Force">Australian Defence Force</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="New Zealand Defence Force">New Zealand Defence Force</a>, veterans' organizations, cadet organizations, and other youth uniformed groups and personnel of the police and fire services, as well as students of schools and universities honoring many of their fallen alumni of the long campaign. </p><p>Parades are also held jointly in these two countries on 11 November, Remembrance Day. </p><p>Aside from these two days, the schedule of annual military and civil parades held in these two countries is as follows: </p> <ul><li>For parades in Australia: <ul><li>National level parades are held on: <ul><li>26 January, Australia Day</li> <li>The second Monday of June, the King's Birthday, marked in most of Eastern Australia, South Australia and the Northern Territory <ul><li>typically the last Monday of September or the first Monday of October, King's Birthday Holiday for Western Australia</li> <li>1st Monday in October, King's Birthday Holiday for Queensland</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Local parades involving armed forces, police and fire personnel are held on: <ul><li>2nd Monday in March in the ACT, Canberra Day</li> <li>6 June in Queensland, Queensland Day</li> <li>first Monday in June in Western Australia, Western Australia Day</li> <li>first working day after Christmas Day, Proclamation Day in South Australia</li></ul></li> <li>Parades are also held in the following cases: <ul><li>during change of command, retirement and recruit and cadet <a href="/wiki/Passing_out_(military)" title="Passing out (military)">passing out parades</a> and regimental anniversaries within the service branches of the ADF and all military academies</li> <li>During holiday parades held in major cities as can be permitted by the commander of the unit taking part, including: <ul><li>the AFL Grand Final Parade in Melbourne</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>For parades in New Zealand: <ul><li>National level parades are held on: <ul><li>6 February, Waitangi Day</li> <li>on the 1st Monday in June, the King's Birthday</li></ul></li> <li>Local parades involving armed forces, police, and fire personnel are held within the anniversary days of the former <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_New_Zealand" title="Provinces of New Zealand">Provinces of New Zealand</a>, which were abolished in 1876, the days of which are as set by their respective district and city governments.</li> <li>Change of command, retirement, and recruit and cadet graduation parades, together with regimental anniversary parades, are also held occasionally within the service branches of the NZDF and its training institutions.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Armed_Forces" title="Bangladesh Armed Forces">Bangladesh Armed Forces</a> parade tradition was inherited from both the Pakistan and British Armed Forces as its first infantry unit, the <a href="/wiki/East_Bengal_Regiment" title="East Bengal Regiment">East Bengal Regiment</a>, was raised in then East Pakistan 1948 from Bengali servicemen who served in the former British Indian Army, whose drills were similar to those in the rest of the Commonwealth. Today the Armed Forces, together with <a href="/wiki/Border_Guards_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Guards Bangladesh">Border Guards Bangladesh</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Police" title="Bangladesh Police">Bangladesh Police</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Jail" title="Bangladesh Jail">Bangladesh Jail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Ansar" title="Bangladesh Ansar">Bangladesh Ansar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Fire_Service_%26_Civil_Defence" title="Bangladesh Fire Service & Civil Defence">Bangladesh Fire Service & Civil Defence</a> and the youth cadets under the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_National_Cadet_Corps" title="Bangladesh National Cadet Corps">Bangladesh National Cadet Corps</a>, marches on ceremonial parades held on the following occasions: </p> <ul><li>26 March, Independence Day</li> <li>21 November, Armed Forces Day</li> <li>16 December, <a href="/wiki/Victory_day_of_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory day of Bangladesh">Victory Day</a></li> <li>On the occasion of change of command and passing out parades in all academies, cadet colleges and training institutions of the uniformed organizations</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bolivia">Bolivia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bolivia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uniquely, the parade tradition of the <a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivian Armed Forces">Bolivian Armed Forces</a> is similar to those of Prussia and the German Empire but with the difference that the current march step is at slow time, to enable a knee-high goose step when on the march for most units (others, including recruit battalions and civilian students of the Military Engineering School, march in quick time without the goosestep and following the Bundeswehr practice). The Prussian tradition was introduced to the country in the early 1900s thanks to German and Chilean instructors and officers. Today, alongside the Bolivian National Police Corps, the Armed Forces marches in public parades in the following holidays: </p> <ul><li>January 22, Plurinational State of Bolivia Anniversary</li> <li>January 29, La Paz Liberation Day</li> <li>March 23, Day of the Sea</li> <li>May 25, anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Chuquisaca_Revolution" title="Chuquisaca Revolution">Chuquisaca Revolution</a></li> <li>July 17, anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/La_Paz_revolution" title="La Paz revolution">La Paz revolution</a></li> <li>August 6, Independence Day</li> <li>August 7, Armed Forces Day</li> <li>September 14, anniversary of the Cochabamba Revolution of 1810</li> <li>September 24, anniversary of the Santa Cruz revolution of 1810</li> <li>October 12, Air Force Day</li> <li>November 6, Navy Day</li> <li>November 10, Army Day</li> <li>On the occasion of the inaugurations of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Bolivia" title="President of Bolivia">president of Bolivia</a></li> <li>On the foundation days of major cities</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brazil">Brazil</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a former Portuguese colonial possession till independence in 1822, Brazil has almost identical traditions of military parades with the Portuguese Armed Forces with added Spanish and Dutch elements due to the long history of the lands that would become the present-day country, with additional influences from France, Germany and Italy. For many years from the Imperial era till today Brazil has witnessed parade after parade held on major national and regional holidays, a tradition maintained till today by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Armed_Forces" title="Brazilian Armed Forces">Brazilian Armed Forces</a>. Since the 1960s high-stepping has been a prominent part of parades hosted by the armed forces, a tradition carried over from Portugal, Turkey and Uruguay. </p><p>Today major parades by the Armed Forces and its veterans are held on the following occasions: </p> <ul><li>Federal holidays and service holidays marked by the Armed Forces as well as anniversaries of service arms <ul><li>April 10, Corps of Engineers Day</li> <li>April 12, Army Logistics Support Day</li> <li>April 19, Army Day</li> <li>April 21, Tiradentes Day (also Brasilia Foundation Day and Minas Gerais Day)</li> <li>May 5, Signal Corps Day</li> <li>May 10, Cavalry Day</li> <li>May 24, Infantry Day</li> <li>June 10, Artillery Day</li> <li>June 11, Navy Day</li> <li>August 23, Air Force Logistics Day</li> <li>August 25, Day of the Brazilian Soldier</li> <li>August 28, Naval Aviation Day</li> <li>September 7, Independence Day<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>October 23, Aviators' Day</li> <li>November 15, Day of the Proclamation of the Republic</li> <li>November 19, Flag Day</li> <li>December 13, Day of the Brazilian Sailor</li></ul></li> <li>State and territorial holidays <ul><li>January 4, Rondônia Day</li> <li>March 6, anniversary of the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Pernambucan_revolt" title="Pernambucan revolt">Pernambucan revolt</a></li> <li>March 25, Ceara Slavery Abolition Day</li> <li>April 23, Saint George's Day (in Rio de Janeiro state only)</li> <li>June 15, Acre State Anniversary Day</li> <li>July 2, Bahia Independence Day</li> <li>July 8, Sergipe Political Emancipation Day</li> <li>July 9, anniversary of the outbreak of the 1932 São Paulo <a href="/wiki/Constitutionalist_Revolution" title="Constitutionalist Revolution">Constitutionalist Revolution</a></li> <li>July 28, Maranhão Admission Day</li> <li>August 5, Paraíba Day</li> <li>August 7, Rio Grande de Norte Day</li> <li>August 11, Santa Catarina Day</li> <li>September 5, Amazonas State Anniversary Day</li> <li>September 13, Amapá Day</li> <li>September 16, Alagoas Day</li> <li>September 20, Day of the Gauchos of Rio Grande do Sul</li> <li>October 5, Roraima Day and Tocantis Day (within the aforementioned states)</li> <li>October 11, anniversary of the establishment of Mato Grosso do Sul</li> <li>October 19, Piauí State Anniversary</li> <li>October 23, Goias State Anniversary</li> <li>December 19, Paraná State Anniversary</li></ul></li> <li>During unitwide anniversaries and remembrance days of important battles of the Armed Forces</li> <li>During change of command, retirement and recruit and cadet graduation parades within the service branches of the armed forces and all military academies and high schools</li> <li>During anniversaries and holidays marked by the cities and towns of Brazil</li> <li>On January 1, day of the presidential inauguration ceremony</li> <li>During inauguration ceremonies of state governors, city and municipal chief executives</li></ul> <p>Alongside the armed forces the following uniformed organizations, together with representatives from educational institutions and athletes, also participate in every parade: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Public_Security_Force" title="National Public Security Force">National Public Security Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Police_of_Brazil" title="Federal Police of Brazil">Federal Police of Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Highway_Police_(Brazil)" title="Federal Highway Police (Brazil)">Federal Highway Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Railroad_Police" title="Federal Railroad Police">Federal Railroad Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Prison_Department_(Brazil)" title="National Prison Department (Brazil)">National Prison Department</a></li> <li>all state Military Police formations</li> <li>all state <a href="/wiki/Military_Firefighters_Corps" title="Military Firefighters Corps">Military Firefighters Corps</a></li> <li>All state <a href="/wiki/Civil_Police_(Brazil)" title="Civil Police (Brazil)">Civil Police</a> formations</li> <li>All <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Guards" title="Municipal Guards">Municipal Guards</a> formations of cities and towns</li> <li>State, city and municipal civilian fire services and volunteer fire units</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brunei">Brunei</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Brunei"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bruneian parade tradition shares in the general traditions of the Commonwealth, and it is without any doubt that the British Armed Forces helped develop the parade and ceremonial traditions of the nation, which are today held in high esteem by the country's uniformed organizations combined with later Malaysian influence. Today, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Brunei_Armed_Forces" title="Royal Brunei Armed Forces">Royal Brunei Armed Forces</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Brunei_Police_Force" title="Royal Brunei Police Force">Royal Brunei Police Force</a> host public parades on the following dates: </p> <ul><li>18 January, Police Day</li> <li>23 February, National Day<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>31 May, Armed Forces Day</li> <li>15 July, Birthday of HM the Sultan</li></ul> <p>Extraordinary parades are held on Accession Day, 27 October. </p><p>Parades held on February 23 and July 15 also feature service personnel of <a href="/wiki/British_Forces_Brunei" title="British Forces Brunei">British Forces Brunei</a> including elements of the <a href="/wiki/Brigade_of_Gurkhas" title="Brigade of Gurkhas">Brigade of Gurkhas</a> and the following: </p> <ul><li>Brunei Fire and Rescue Department</li> <li>Brunei Prisons Department</li> <li>Brunei Immigration and Registration Department</li> <li>Royal Department of Customs and Excise</li> <li>Armed Forces Military Cadet Corps</li> <li>Police Force Cadet Corps</li> <li>Fire and Rescue Cadets</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persekutuan_Pengakap_Negara_Brunei_Darussalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Persekutuan Pengakap Negara Brunei Darussalam">Brunei Scout Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Guides_Association_of_Brunei_Darussalam" title="Girl Guides Association of Brunei Darussalam">Girl Guides Association of Brunei Darussalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei_Darussalam_Red_Crescent_Society" title="Brunei Darussalam Red Crescent Society">Brunei Darussalam Red Crescent Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Service_Programme" title="National Service Programme">National Service Programme</a> cadets</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Canada">Canada</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within Canada, the now tri-service <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_Guard_(Canada)" title="Ceremonial Guard (Canada)">Ceremonial Guard</a> performs the marchpast for senior dignitaries of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a> during change of command ceremonies and state arrival ceremonies, typically held in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, the national capital. The two <a href="/wiki/Primary_Reserve" title="Primary Reserve">Primary Reserve</a> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Army" title="Canadian Army">Canadian Army</a> regiments that typically provide personnel for the guard, the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Foot_Guards" title="Governor General's Foot Guards">Governor General's Foot Guards</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Grenadier_Guards" class="mw-redirect" title="The Canadian Grenadier Guards">The Canadian Grenadier Guards</a>, together with the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Horse_Guards" title="Governor General's Horse Guards">Governor General's Horse Guards</a> and guard of honour detachments from both the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Royal Canadian Navy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> take part in these events. In addition, the CG and optionally both the GGHG and the CGG take part in military parades such as the more common <a href="/wiki/Trooping_the_Colour" title="Trooping the Colour">Trooping the Colour</a>, also in Ottawa and special parades during the jubilee years of the monarch or of a national foundation. The CAF personnel, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Cadet_Organizations" title="Canadian Cadet Organizations">Canadian Cadet Organizations</a> and military veterans also parade during national holidays such as <a href="/wiki/Remembrance_Day" title="Remembrance Day">Remembrance Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Day" title="Victoria Day">Victoria Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada_Day" title="Canada Day">Canada Day</a> or <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces Day">Canadian Forces Day</a>, as well as during parades celebrating anniversaries of regiments, brigade groups or wings, and divisional level formations and passing out parades of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College_of_Canada" title="Royal Military College of Canada">Royal Military College of Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College_Saint-Jean" title="Royal Military College Saint-Jean">Royal Military College Saint-Jean</a> and recruit training bases, as well as in local holidays in the provinces and major cities. Across the country, the annual Warriors Day military parade has since 1921, been a traditional event of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Exhibition" title="Canadian National Exhibition">Canadian National Exhibition</a>. It is specifically devoted to formally recognizing veterans of the CF.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like in the UK, the <a href="/wiki/Authorized_marches_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Authorized marches of the Canadian Armed Forces">regimental march of the unit</a> being honored is played by the band and/or <a href="/wiki/Pipe_band" title="Pipe band">pipe band</a> if present. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chile">Chile</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tradition of military parades in Chile has origins not just in Spanish tradition, but also a mix between those of France, the United Kingdom, and particularly Germany, given the fact that Imperial German Army officers trained the army and navy in the mid-1890s in the Prussian-German traditions of military parades that are continued until today. </p><p>Currently, the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Armed_Forces" title="Chilean Armed Forces">Chilean Armed Forces</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Carabineros_de_Chile" title="Carabineros de Chile">Carabineros de Chile</a> hold public parades in front of state leaders and the public on </p> <ul><li>21 May – <a href="/wiki/Navy_Day_(Chile)" title="Navy Day (Chile)">Navy Day</a> – honoring the fallen of the 1879 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Iquique" title="Battle of Iquique">Battle of Iquique</a>, also marked as a day to celebrate the service personnel, veterans, heroes and martyrs of the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Chilean Navy</a></li> <li>19 September – <a href="/wiki/Great_Military_Parade_of_Chile" title="Great Military Parade of Chile">Army Day</a> – while honoring the 1810 anniversary of the formal inauguration of the First Government Junta, is also marked as a day to celebrate the service personnel, veterans, heroes and martyrs of the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Army" title="Chilean Army">Chilean Army</a></li></ul> <p>Local level parades are marked on the following days aside from 21 May: </p> <ul><li>4 February – anniversary of the victorious <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Valdivia" title="Capture of Valdivia">Capture of Valdivia</a></li> <li>17 February – anniversary of the victory in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chacabuco" title="Battle of Chacabuco">Battle of Chacabuco</a></li> <li>21 March – Air Force Day</li> <li>2 April – anniversary of the victory in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maipu" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Maipu">Battle of Maipu</a></li> <li>27 April – Carabineros Day</li> <li>7 June – anniversary of the victory in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arica" title="Battle of Arica">Battle of Arica</a></li> <li>16 June – Chilean Marine Corps Day</li> <li>9 July – Flag Day</li> <li>20 August – birthday of <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">Bernardo O'Higgins</a></li> <li>18 September – Independence Day</li> <li>2 October – anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rancagua" title="Battle of Rancagua">Battle of Rancagua</a></li> <li>2 November – anniversary of the victory in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pisagua" title="Battle of Pisagua">Battle of Pisagua</a></li> <li>30 November – <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Gendarmerie" title="Chilean Gendarmerie">Chilean Gendarmerie</a> Day</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="China">China</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first military parade on the Chinese mainland can be dated to over 4,000 years ago, when <a href="/wiki/Yu_the_Great" title="Yu the Great">Yu the Great</a>, a legendary ruler in <a href="/wiki/History_of_China#Ancient_China" title="History of China">ancient China</a>, hosted a gathering of tribal forces from northern and southern China.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="People's_Republic_of_China"><span id="People.27s_Republic_of_China"></span>People's Republic of China</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: People's Republic of China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Military_parades_in_Hong_Kong" title="Military parades in Hong Kong">Military parades in Hong Kong</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 250px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> Parts <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xtmnAg_e9Dk">1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Cy_Kyq5iCzE">2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Cy_Kyq5iCzE">3</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4WJNtiHiZJQ">4</a> of a documentary on the history of Chinese military parades</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=_2ZfByEEYmg">1981 新疆大阅兵 Chinese Uighur Military Parade in Xinjiang (Eng narration)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The People's Republic of China holds extraordinary military parades in Beijing to celebrate <a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="National Day of the People's Republic of China">National Day</a>. The first parade of this nature took place right after the <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Proclamation of the People's Republic of China">proclamation of the People's Republic of China</a> by Chairman <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a> on 1 October 1949. Originally celebrated annually, the parade was suspended in 1960, before returning in 1984 to mark the 35th anniversary of the founding of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>. It is now held to mark every tenth anniversary, starting in 1999. Parades were also held in 1964, 1966, 1969 and 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, China held a <a href="/wiki/2015_China_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2015 China Victory Day Parade">military parade</a> to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Victory_over_Japan_Day" title="Victory over Japan Day">victory over Japan</a>. This was the first time China held a military parade for an event other than its National Day. </p><p>In 2017, the 90th anniversary since the <a href="/wiki/Nanchang_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanchang Uprising">Nanchang Uprising</a> and the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> was marked by a <a href="/wiki/2017_PLA_Day_Parade" title="2017 PLA Day Parade">military parade</a>, the first time ever that a military parade had been held in its honor and the first time it was held outside of the capital, having been held at <a href="/wiki/Zhurihe_Training_Base" title="Zhurihe Training Base">Zhurihe Training Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a> under the direction of General <a href="/wiki/Han_Weiguo" title="Han Weiguo">Han Weiguo</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Theater_Command" title="Central Theater Command">Central Theater Command</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was also the first field parade to take place since September 1981 when a parade consisting of troops participated in an exercise in <a href="/wiki/Zhangjiakou" title="Zhangjiakou">Zhangjiakou</a> in the presence of <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> to commemorate Deng's assumption to the post of <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman of the Central Military Commission</a>. During that parade, Deng reportedly said "Let's hold a large-scale one if we are to hold a military exercise, so that it can be of use" in reference to the size of the parade.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naval parades have also been reintroduced in recent years with a <a href="/wiki/2018_South_China_Sea_Parade" title="2018 South China Sea Parade">parade</a> (which was the biggest naval review since 1949 and according to the Chinese government, the biggest in 600 years.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) being held in the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a> in 2018 and a <a href="/wiki/PLA_Navy_Platinum_Jubilee_Parade" title="PLA Navy Platinum Jubilee Parade">parade</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Platinum_jubilee" title="Platinum jubilee">platinum jubilee</a> of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">People's Liberation Army Navy</a> being held in early 2019. </p><p>Smaller scale parades are also periodically held in <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>. Every year on 10 March (<a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Uprising_Day" title="Tibetan Uprising Day">Tibetan Uprising Day</a>), a military parade in <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a> to mark the anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/1959_Tibetan_uprising" title="1959 Tibetan uprising">1959 Tibetan rebellion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first military parades in the HKSAR and the MSAR took place on their first and fifth anniversaries in 1998<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 2004 respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Republic_of_China">Republic of China</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Republic of China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China (Taiwan)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of China Armed Forces">Republic of China Armed Forces</a> held its national parades in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> from 1949 until 1991 during the <a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="National Day of the Republic of China">Double Ten Day</a> celebrations. This practice was abandoned in 1991 though parades were recently held every five years beginning in 2011 during the <a href="/wiki/100th_Anniversary_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="100th Anniversary of the Republic of China">Xinhai Revolution centenary</a> and again in 2016. Special parades were held outside Taipei in 1995 and 2015 marking the 50th and 70th anniversaries, respectively, of both the Allied victory in the Second World War and the conclusion of the Second Sino-Japanese War. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Colombia">Colombia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Colombia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both the <a href="/wiki/Military_Forces_of_Colombia" title="Military Forces of Colombia">Military Forces of Colombia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_Colombia" title="National Police of Colombia">National Police of Colombia</a> hold important national parades to celebrate the anniversary of national independence as well as of the Armed Forces. Such parades are a mix of the Spanish, German, French, American and British influences owing to the long history of the country's military and police forces. National level parades are held on: </p> <ul><li>February 15 – Air Force Day</li> <li>July 20 – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colombian_Independence_Day_parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colombian Independence Day parade (page does not exist)">Independence Day</a></li> <li>July 24 – Navy Day</li> <li>August 7 – Army Day and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Boyac%C3%A1" title="Battle of Boyacá">Battle of Boyaca Victory Day</a></li> <li>November 15 – National Police Day</li></ul> <p>Local level parades by the personnel and veterans of the armed forces and police are held on the following: </p> <ul><li>April 7 – Barranquilla Day</li> <li>July 3 – Cali Independence Day</li> <li>November 11 – Cartagena Independence Day</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cuba">Cuba</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Cuba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Armed_Forces" title="Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces">Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces</a> generally holds military parades in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Cuban_Armed_Forces" title="Day of the Cuban Armed Forces">Day of the Cuban Armed Forces</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Triumph_of_the_Revolution" title="Triumph of the Revolution">Triumph of the Revolution</a> on <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n" title="Plaza de la Revolución">Plaza de la Revolución</a>. The first parade took place in 1960 for the latter event and over time, importance was transferred to Armed Forces Day in relation to military parades. In 2011, a special honor parade was held on April 16 to commemorate the <a href="/wiki/Golden_jubilee" title="Golden jubilee">golden jubilee</a> since the 1961 <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion" title="Bay of Pigs Invasion">Bay of Pigs Invasion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest parade to be held took place in December 1986 in honor of the 30th anniversary of the revolution, in which General <a href="/wiki/Humberto_Ortega" title="Humberto Ortega">Humberto Ortega</a> from <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, as well as officials from the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, attended.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Diamond_jubilee" title="Diamond jubilee">diamond jubilee</a> parade planned for 2016 was postponed for 1 month due to the <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Fidel_Castro" title="Death and state funeral of Fidel Castro">death and state funeral of Fidel Castro</a>, and took place during the Victory Day celebrations on 2 January 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Czech_Republic">Czech Republic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Czech Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vojenska_prehlidka_1985b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vojenska_prehlidka_1985b.jpg/220px-Vojenska_prehlidka_1985b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vojenska_prehlidka_1985b.jpg/330px-Vojenska_prehlidka_1985b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vojenska_prehlidka_1985b.jpg/440px-Vojenska_prehlidka_1985b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="826" /></a><figcaption>A parade of tanks of the ČSLA in Prague on <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(9_May)" title="Victory Day (9 May)">Victory Day</a>, 9 May 1985</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 250px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=EApCYZR-NMk">Czechoslovak Military Parade "Shield-84" – Vojenská přehlídka ČSLA "Štít-84</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Large military parades in the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> are today held every 10 years in the capital of <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, encompassing personnel from the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Army">Czech Army</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Police_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Police of the Czech Republic">Police of the Czech Republic</a>. The first of these parades occurred in 2008 in honor of the founding of <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> on 28 October 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another one took place in <a href="/wiki/2018_Prague_Military_Parade" title="2018 Prague Military Parade">2018</a> and included foreign troops.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to 1918, military parades followed the tradition of their larger sovereign entity, including the military tradition of <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>. Regular military parades were held during the period of the <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovak Socialist Republic</a>, with the first parades being organized in the 1950s. The first parade of the <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_People%27s_Army" title="Czechoslovak People's Army">Czechoslovak People's Army</a> (ČSLA) took place in 1951 in <a href="/wiki/Letn%C3%A1" title="Letná">Letná</a>. Since then, parades were held every five years on 9 May to mark the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Prague_uprising" title="Prague uprising">liberation of Czechoslovakia</a>. To honor the latter's celebrations, the <a href="/wiki/State_Anthem_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="State Anthem of the Soviet Union">State Anthem of the Soviet Union</a> would be performed by the massed bands on parade preceded by the <a href="/wiki/Kde_domov_m%C5%AFj" title="Kde domov můj">Czechoslovakian national anthem</a>. The last of these parades took place in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ecuador">Ecuador</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Ecuador"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ecuador" title="Armed Forces of Ecuador">Armed Forces of Ecuador</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_Ecuador" title="National Police of Ecuador">National Police of Ecuador</a> hold important national parades to celebrate the anniversaries of national independence as well as of the Armed Forces and Police. National level parades are held on the following days: </p> <ul><li>February 27 – Army Day</li> <li>May 24 – Armed Forces Day, the anniversary of the victory in the 1822 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pichincha" title="Battle of Pichincha">Battle of Pichincha</a></li> <li>July 26 – Navy Day</li> <li>August 10 – the anniversary of the Luz de America</li> <li>October 9 – Guayaquil Independence Day</li> <li>October 27 – Air Force Day</li> <li>November 3 – Cueca Independence Day</li> <li>November 18 – Loja Independence Day</li></ul> <p>Local military and police parades are held on major city and provincial anniversaries as well as on township foundation days. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Finland">Finland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lippujuhlan_p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_paraati_2014_012_Uudenmaan_prikaati.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Lippujuhlan_p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_paraati_2014_012_Uudenmaan_prikaati.JPG/220px-Lippujuhlan_p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_paraati_2014_012_Uudenmaan_prikaati.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Lippujuhlan_p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_paraati_2014_012_Uudenmaan_prikaati.JPG/330px-Lippujuhlan_p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_paraati_2014_012_Uudenmaan_prikaati.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Lippujuhlan_p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_paraati_2014_012_Uudenmaan_prikaati.JPG/440px-Lippujuhlan_p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_paraati_2014_012_Uudenmaan_prikaati.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Nyland_Brigade" title="Nyland Brigade">Nyland Brigade</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: <i lang="fi">Uudenmaan prikaati</i>) at the 2014 Festival Parade of the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defense_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Defense Forces">Finnish Defense Forces</a> on the Valtakatu street in <a href="/wiki/Lappeenranta" title="Lappeenranta">Lappeenranta</a>, Finland</figcaption></figure> <p>The parade traditions of <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> can be traced to the Swedish period, and later on during Russian administration, wherein the local formations adopted a few of the Russian parade traditions in tandem with the Swedish tradition and local practices. Today both the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Forces" title="Finnish Defence Forces">Finnish Defence Forces</a>, together with its reserves the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Forces_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Forces (Finland)">Territorial Forces</a> companies of Finnish regions, the <a href="/wiki/National_Defence_Training_Association_of_Finland" title="National Defence Training Association of Finland">National Defence Training Association of Finland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Border_Guard" title="Finnish Border Guard">Finnish Border Guard</a> and some of the <a href="/wiki/Police_of_Finland" title="Police of Finland">Police of Finland</a> all host parades held every year on the following dates: </p> <ul><li>June 4, Defence Forces Flag Day and birthday of Marshal of Finland Baron <a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_Emil_Mannerheim" title="Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim">Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim</a></li> <li>December 6, <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Finland)" title="Independence Day (Finland)">Independence Day</a></li></ul> <p>The national parades are held in a host city selected for the year, and may include local military and police formations. Helsinki hosts the June 4 flag day parade every fifth year; 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012, 2017, 2022, 2027, and so on. </p><p>On the day of swearing their <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Forces_military_oath" title="Finnish Defence Forces military oath">military oath</a>, Finnish conscripts typically march in a small parade within their garrison or other parade ground. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="France">France</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The annual <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_military_parade" title="Bastille Day military parade">military parade</a> in the French capital of <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> is held on July 14 during the <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day" title="Bastille Day">Bastille Day</a> holiday. It is currently the oldest and largest military parade on the European continent. It is held on the Champs-Élysées and passes from l'<a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a> to <a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Concorde" title="Place de la Concorde">Place de la Concorde</a>. Bastille Day parades are also held in smaller garrison towns such as <a href="/wiki/Toulon" title="Toulon">Toulon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belfort" title="Belfort">Belfort</a>. The 1st Infantry Regiment of the <a href="/wiki/French_Republican_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="French Republican Guard">French Republican Guard</a> regularly performs ceremonial marchpasts in is role as the <a href="/wiki/Guard_of_honour" title="Guard of honour">guard of honour</a> for the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the French Republic">president of the French Republic</a>. Like the British, many French units have the ability to march in quick time, while only one – the <a href="/wiki/French_Foreign_Legion" title="French Foreign Legion">French Foreign Legion</a> – marches uniquely in slow time, while another unit of the armed forces marches in very quick time and that is of the Army's <a href="/wiki/Chasseurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Chasseurs">Chasseurs</a>, especially its <a href="/wiki/Chasseurs_alpins" class="mw-redirect" title="Chasseurs alpins">Chasseurs alpins</a>. </p><p>In addition to the Armed Forces (including the National Guard) and the occasional participation of its veterans, the following take part in the national parade: </p> <ul><li>National Police</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_France" title="Fire services in France">Fire services of the Ministry of the Interior</a></li> <li>Security Service of the Ministry of the Interior</li> <li>French Prisons Service</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_of_Customs_and_Indirect_Taxes" title="Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes">Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes</a></li></ul> <p>Local parades are held on the following days: </p> <ul><li>May 8 – <a href="/wiki/Victory_in_Europe_Day" title="Victory in Europe Day">Victory in Europe Day</a></li> <li>November 11 – Armistice Day</li> <li>Anniversaries of important battles fought by the French Armed Forces</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Germany">Germany</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> has had a long tradition of military parades dating back to the days of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a> and its army and navy. It was the Prussians who invented the <a href="/wiki/Goose_step" title="Goose step">goose step</a>, a style of marching that was used in many German armies as well as in the militaries of various countries, which were instructed by Prussian military training officers and instructors from the 19th century to the early 20th. Its traditions were also carried on in a number of former crown dominions in Prussian lands, including Hanover and the Rhineland, as well as in the allied <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Kingdom of Württemberg</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Kingdom of Saxony</a>, the grand duchies, duchies and principalities, and the city-state military forces of Bremen and Hamburg. In Bavaria, a mix of the Prussian and Austrian practice in tandem with its local traditions was kept. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi era">Nazi era</a>, military parades were commonplace as they were held as a sort of victory parade for the German <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> as they invaded countries before and during the Second World War, as well as an expression of national pride in the armed forces, who together with the SS and the SA, as well as the other Nazi party uniformed organizations, formed part of the parades in the mid-1930s. The first major parades took place in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> in September 1938 and <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_50th_birthday" title="Adolf Hitler's 50th birthday">Adolf Hitler's 50th birthday</a> in April 1939. In the months Immediately after the <a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="German invasion of Poland">German invasion of Poland</a>, a <a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Soviet_military_parade_in_Brest-Litovsk" title="German–Soviet military parade in Brest-Litovsk">joint German–Soviet military parade</a> took place in <a href="/wiki/Brest-Litovsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Brest-Litovsk">Brest-Litovsk</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Brest,_Belarus" title="Brest, Belarus">Brest, Belarus</a>). In <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">Allied-occupied Germany</a>, the major powers held parades through the center of Berlin to honor their victory. These include the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Victory_Parade_of_1945" title="Berlin Victory Parade of 1945">Berlin Victory Parade of 1945</a>, <a href="/wiki/1945_British_Berlin_Victory_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="1945 British Berlin Victory Parade">1945 British Berlin Victory Parade</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlin_Victory_Parade_of_1946&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlin Victory Parade of 1946 (page does not exist)">Berlin Victory Parade of 1946</a>. </p><p>In the communist <a href="/wiki/German_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="German Democratic Republic">German Democratic Republic</a> (GDR), parades were held according to the Russian standard, although the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Army" title="Soviet Army">Soviet Army</a> allowed the East Germans, through the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Army" title="National People's Army">National People's Army</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Border_Troops_of_the_German_Democratic_Republic" title="Border Troops of the German Democratic Republic">Border Troops of the German Democratic Republic</a>, to use the Prussian tradition, something that had been dropped by their West German counterparts in the 1950s. In the GDR, parades were held on the following occasions: </p> <ul><li>NVA Day (3 March)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">International Workers' Day</a> (1 May)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_Day" title="Liberation Day">Tag der Befreiung</a> (8 May)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_(East_Germany)" title="Republic Day (East Germany)">Tag der Republik</a> (7 October)</li></ul> <p>The first parade took place on 1 May 1956 in the presence of <a href="/wiki/President_of_East_Germany" title="President of East Germany">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Pieck" title="Wilhelm Pieck">Wilhelm Pieck</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1960s and early 1970s, parades took place on the western half of the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Republic,_Berlin" title="Palace of the Republic, Berlin">Palace of the Republic</a>, which was intended as a military parade ground, even though tremors from the heavy vehicles proved dangerous due to the glass facade. By 1979, the western half was used mainly as a parking lot and military parades were moved to <a href="/wiki/Karl-Marx-Allee" title="Karl-Marx-Allee">Karl-Marx-Allee</a> in central Berlin. A special parade was held on 13 August 1986 to mark the silver jubilee since construction on the Berlin Wall began, and the parade involved not just the NVA and the Grenztruppen but also the <a href="/wiki/Felix_Dzerzhinsky_Guards_Regiment" title="Felix Dzerzhinsky Guards Regiment">Felix Dzerzhinsky Guards Regiment</a> and battalions of the <a href="/wiki/Combat_Groups_of_the_Working_Class" title="Combat Groups of the Working Class">Combat Groups of the Working Class</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F029232-0004,_N%C3%BCrburgring,_Bundeswehrparade_zum_NATO-Jubil%C3%A4um.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F029232-0004%2C_N%C3%BCrburgring%2C_Bundeswehrparade_zum_NATO-Jubil%C3%A4um.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F029232-0004%2C_N%C3%BCrburgring%2C_Bundeswehrparade_zum_NATO-Jubil%C3%A4um.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F029232-0004%2C_N%C3%BCrburgring%2C_Bundeswehrparade_zum_NATO-Jubil%C3%A4um.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F029232-0004%2C_N%C3%BCrburgring%2C_Bundeswehrparade_zum_NATO-Jubil%C3%A4um.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F029232-0004%2C_N%C3%BCrburgring%2C_Bundeswehrparade_zum_NATO-Jubil%C3%A4um.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F029232-0004%2C_N%C3%BCrburgring%2C_Bundeswehrparade_zum_NATO-Jubil%C3%A4um.jpg 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="797" /></a><figcaption><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Bundeswehr</a></i></span> personnel on the <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrburgring" title="Nürburgring">Nürburgring</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1969, the first military parade of <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> and later the entire <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Germany">Federal Republic of Germany</a> was held on the <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrburgring" title="Nürburgring">Nürburgring</a> in the town of <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrburg" title="Nürburg">Nürburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It took place on 6 June 1969 and was held to commemorate the 20th anniversary of both the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic Treaty Organization">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</a> (NATO) and creation of the Federal Republic in the West.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was attended by <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a> in his position as <a href="/wiki/Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Chancellor of Germany">Federal Chancellor of Germany</a>. Participating foreign and national units included those from the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Bundeswehr</a></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Europe" title="Canadian Forces Europe">Canadian Forces Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Europe">United States Army Europe</a>, as well as army contingents from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. Allied parades were also held later in the country's 40-year existence. </p><p>Today, military parades are held on the following holidays on a smaller scale: </p> <ul><li>Remembrance Day of <a href="/wiki/July_20_plot" class="mw-redirect" title="July 20 plot">July 20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Unity_Day" title="German Unity Day">German Unity Day</a> (October 3)</li> <li>Passing out parades of NCO training schools and officer training institutions</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Greece">Greece</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_flags_parade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Greek_flags_parade.jpg/220px-Greek_flags_parade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Greek_flags_parade.jpg/330px-Greek_flags_parade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Greek_flags_parade.jpg/440px-Greek_flags_parade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1693" data-file-height="1214" /></a><figcaption>25th March military parade in Greece</figcaption></figure> <p>The long history of the <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Armed_Forces" title="Hellenic Armed Forces">Hellenic Armed Forces</a> and the role played in the defense and progress of the country are recalled in splendid and grand military parades that are held in major cities in the country following a hybrid of the British, French, Danish and German traditions on the following dates: </p> <ul><li>25 March – <a href="/wiki/Greek_Independence_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Independence Day">Independence Day</a></li> <li>28 October – <a href="/wiki/Ohi_Day" title="Ohi Day">Ohi Day</a></li> <li>On Liberation Days of major cities and towns, honoring the <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Greece during World War II">Greek fallen of the Second World War</a> and the later <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="India">India</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_spectacular_overview_of_the_55th_Republic_Day_Parade-2004_from_India_Gate_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26,_2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/A_spectacular_overview_of_the_55th_Republic_Day_Parade-2004_from_India_Gate_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2004.jpg/220px-A_spectacular_overview_of_the_55th_Republic_Day_Parade-2004_from_India_Gate_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/A_spectacular_overview_of_the_55th_Republic_Day_Parade-2004_from_India_Gate_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2004.jpg/330px-A_spectacular_overview_of_the_55th_Republic_Day_Parade-2004_from_India_Gate_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/A_spectacular_overview_of_the_55th_Republic_Day_Parade-2004_from_India_Gate_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2004.jpg/440px-A_spectacular_overview_of_the_55th_Republic_Day_Parade-2004_from_India_Gate_in_New_Delhi_on_January_26%2C_2004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1363" /></a><figcaption>An overview of the 55th <a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Day Parade">Republic Day Parade</a> from <a href="/wiki/India_Gate" title="India Gate">India Gate</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The tradition of military parades in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> dates back to the medieval times as celebrations to honor Hindu gods in gratitude to victories against enemies. By the time of the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a>, with the introduction of gunpower weapons came the first European settlers, the Portuguese, in what is now Daman and Diu and Goa states, and the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Army" title="Portuguese Army">Portuguese Army</a>, who introduced the modern form of parades to this country. These followed by servicemen from what is now <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">The Netherlands</a>, <i>Ancien Régime</i> France and the United Kingdom thru the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a> (from the 17th century) and beginning from the 19th century the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>. Between these four countries, it was the UK that influenced the Indian military ceremonial tradition the most, as Hindu, Sikh, Tamil and Gurkha regiments, as well as a number of regiments from other races, whether be infantry, cavalry, artillery or engineers, alongside locally recruited seamen, were instructed in the British parade drill with adaptations to Indian conditions. They maintain the very same traditions today in the current <a href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces" title="Indian Armed Forces">Indian Armed Forces</a>, and the current drills are a modernized form of those used beginning in 1895, the year of the foundation of the modern Indian Army, with parades having been held during the <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Durbar" title="Delhi Durbar">Delhi Durbars</a> of 1903 and 1911 as well as during the King's Official Birthday in June. </p><p>Since 1951 the <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Republic_Day_parade" title="Delhi Republic Day parade">Republic Day parade</a> has held annually in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> to mark India's Republic Day, celebrating the enactment in that day in 1950 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution of India</a>. It is the country's principal military parade honoring the Armed Forces for its long record of service to the country and is also a showcase of the achievements of India's defence industry, with a number of vehicles and aircraft featured being locally produced by factories under the Ministry of Defence and by local defense production firms. Parades are also held on the service holidays of the Armed Forces: </p> <ul><li>15 January, <a href="/wiki/Army_Day_(India)" title="Army Day (India)">Army Day</a></li> <li>8 October, Air Force Day</li> <li>4 December, Navy Day</li></ul> <p>In 2020, Captain <a href="/wiki/Tania_Shergill" title="Tania Shergill">Tania Shergill</a> became the first female parade adjutant to lead a contingent at an Army Day parade.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alongside the Armed Forces and its veterans the national Republic Day Parade in Delhi, as well as regional parades held on this day and on 15 August, Independence Day, features the participation of the following uniformed organizations: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Cadet_Corps_(India)" title="National Cadet Corps (India)">National Cadet Corps</a></li> <li>Youth representatives of the <a href="/wiki/National_Service_Scheme" title="National Service Scheme">National Service Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Coast_Guard" title="Indian Coast Guard">Indian Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_Rifles" title="Assam Rifles">Assam Rifles</a></li> <li>all state and territorial police forces, including State Armed Police</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Security_Force" title="Border Security Force">Border Security Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Tibetan_Border_Police" title="Indo-Tibetan Border Police">Indo-Tibetan Border Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashastra_Seema_Bal" title="Sashastra Seema Bal">Sashastra Seema Bal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Guard" title="National Security Guard">National Security Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Industrial_Security_Force" title="Central Industrial Security Force">Central Industrial Security Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Reserve_Police_Force" title="Central Reserve Police Force">Central Reserve Police Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Protection_Force" title="Railway Protection Force">Railway Protection Force</a></li> <li>all municipal, city, state and territorial fire services</li></ul> <p>Special parades are held on: </p> <ul><li>The passing out and graduation ceremonies of all military and police training and educational institutions</li> <li>Passing out and graduation parades of regimental centres</li> <li>Presentation of military and police colours</li> <li>Unit anniversaries</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Korea">Korea</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="North_Korea"><i>North Korea</i></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: North Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Military_parades_in_North_Korea" title="Military parades in North Korea">Military parades in North Korea</a></div> <p>All military parades of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army" title="Korean People's Army">Korean People's Army</a> (KPA) and the <a href="/wiki/Worker-Peasant_Red_Guards" title="Worker-Peasant Red Guards">Worker-Peasant Red Guards</a> (WPRG) are centered in the national capital of <a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a> and have a long tradition that goes back to the DPRK's establishment in 1948. Between 1993 and 2011, the DPRK held over a dozen military parades, which was frequent compared to the 1960s–80s, during which only three parades were held.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Known for its elaborate military drill, the country holds military parades annually on different dates (especially on jubilee years<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), which feature a combination of Chinese and Russian techniques.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> North Korean military parades are held on the following dates: </p> <ul><li>8 February – <a href="/wiki/Military_Foundation_Day" title="Military Foundation Day">Military Foundation Day</a></li> <li>15 April – <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Sun" title="Day of the Sun">Day of the Sun</a></li> <li>25 April – Revolutionary Army Day</li> <li>27 July – <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Victory_in_the_Great_Fatherland_Liberation_War" title="Day of Victory in the Great Fatherland Liberation War">Day of Victory in the Great Fatherland Liberation War</a></li> <li>15 August – <a href="/wiki/Liberation_Day_(North_Korea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberation Day (North Korea)">Liberation Day</a></li> <li>9 September – <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Foundation_of_the_Republic_(North_Korea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of the Foundation of the Republic (North Korea)">Day of the Foundation of the Republic</a></li> <li>10 October – <a href="/wiki/Party_Foundation_Day" title="Party Foundation Day">Party Foundation Day</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm/220px--Parade_-_North_Korea.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="21" data-mwtitle="Parade_-_North_Korea.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Parade_-_North_Korea.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm/Parade_-_North_Korea.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Drill rehearsals for female soldiers participating in the 2011 Republic Day Parade</figcaption></figure> <p>Rehearsals for these parades usually take place three to six weeks prior to the actual parade at the <a href="/wiki/Mirim_Airport" title="Mirim Airport">Mirim Parade Training Facility</a> in the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The actual parades are held in the capital's <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il-sung_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Il-sung Square">Kim Il-sung Square</a>. </p><p>In addition, non-jubilee holiday parades have been mounted on the grounds of the <a href="/wiki/Kumsusan_Palace_of_the_Sun" title="Kumsusan Palace of the Sun">Kumsusan Palace of the Sun</a> on these days plus on: </p> <ul><li>16 February – <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Shining_Star" title="Day of the Shining Star">Day of the Shining Star</a></li> <li>25 August – <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Songun" title="Day of Songun">Day of <i>Songun</i></a></li> <li>21 December – Death Anniversary of <a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong-il" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Jong-il">Kim Jong-il</a></li></ul> <p>Alongside the KPA and WPRG, also taking part are the policemen and women of the Ministry of Social Security's <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_Forces" title="Social Security Forces">Korean People's Social Security Forces</a> (which also includes border police). In 2015 the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Children%27s_Union" title="Korean Children's Union">Korean Children's Union</a> made an inaugural appearance in the parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a>, forming the rear contingent of the military parade ground column made up of middle and junior high school students who are part of the KCU's Young Pioneer Corps. The first ever modern KCU parade, including cadets from the Mangyongdae and Kang Pang Sok Revolutionary Schools, was held in <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il-sung_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Il-sung Stadium">Kim Il-sung Stadium</a> in 2012. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="South_Korea"><i>South Korea</i></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: South Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tradition of parades in South Korea began in 1946, with the first ever parades of what is now the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of Korea Armed Forces">Republic of Korea Armed Forces</a>, alongside personnel of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forces_Korea" title="United States Forces Korea">United States Forces Korea</a>, whose traditions would shape the young armed forces' parade and ceremonial practices till this day mixed with the Japanese practice (due to the long period of Japanese rule over the peninsula). Today, that tradition is mixed with those of the other armed services under <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Command" title="United Nations Command">United Nations Command</a> that fought with them against the KPA, the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Volunteer_Army" title="People's Volunteer Army">People's Volunteer Army</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Air Forces</a> during the Korean War. The parade tradition is also coupled as a showcase for the national defense industry as well, with many of the military equipment being featured being of national manufacture, and locally composed military marches being featured in the repertoire of the military bands that are a staple of these events. </p><p>As of the present the ROKAF marches in public parades in the following occasions: </p> <ul><li>March 1, <a href="/wiki/March_1st_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1st Movement">Day of the Independence Movement</a></li> <li>April 13, Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea Foundation Day</li> <li>April 15, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Marine_Corps" title="Republic of Korea Marine Corps">Republic of Korea Marine Corps</a> Birthday</li> <li>June 6, Memorial Day</li> <li>June 25, anniversary of the beginning of the Korean War</li> <li>July 27, anniversary of the Korean War Armistice of 1953</li> <li>August 15, <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Day_of_Korea" title="National Liberation Day of Korea">National Liberation Day of Korea</a></li> <li>September 5, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Army" title="Republic of Korea Army">Republic of Korea Army</a> Day</li> <li>October 1, Armed Forces Day (principal holiday of the Armed Forces) and Air Force Day</li> <li>October 3, <a href="/wiki/Gaecheonjeol" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaecheonjeol">Gaecheonjeol</a></li> <li>November 11, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Navy" title="Republic of Korea Navy">Republic of Korea Navy</a> Day</li> <li>On the occasion of change of command, retirement and recruit and cadet graduation parades within the service branches of the armed forces, military academies, all officer candidate schools and recruit training institutions</li> <li>On the occasion of the inaugurations of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Korea" title="President of South Korea">president of South Korea</a></li></ul> <p>The October 1 parade and related celebrations, while being not a public holiday but a National Flag Raising Day mandated by law, serve as the principal day of gratitude to the ROKAF and its veterans for service to the nation at large and to all Koreans abroad, and thus the ROKAF only marches in public parades on this day with <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, the national capital, hosting the national parades (large major parades on this day are held every 5th year since the 1948 foundation of the republic, a tradition that began in 1998). On other holidays, the following organizations march with the armed forces, all cadet formations under the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps_(South_Korea)" title="Reserve Officers' Training Corps (South Korea)">Reserve Officers' Training Corps (South Korea)</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Reserve_Forces" title="Republic of Korea Reserve Forces">Republic of Korea Reserve Forces</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="National Police Agency (South Korea)">National Police Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Coast_Guard" title="Korea Coast Guard">Korea Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Fire_Agency_(South_Korea)" title="National Fire Agency (South Korea)">National Fire Agency of the Republic of Korea</a></li> <li>All local and regional firefighting services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Forest_Service" title="Korea Forest Service">Korea Forest Service</a></li> <li>Korea Customs Service</li> <li>Railway Police of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport</li> <li>Korea Immigration Service</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Scout_Association" title="Korea Scout Association">Korea Scout Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Scouts_Korea" title="Girl Scouts Korea">Girl Scouts Korea</a></li> <li>Foreign armed forces' veterans organizations stationed within the republic</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mexico">Mexico</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Armed_Forces" title="Mexican Armed Forces">Mexican Armed Forces</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(Mexico)" title="National Guard (Mexico)">National Guard</a> hold important national parades to celebrate the anniversary of <a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Dolores" title="Cry of Dolores">national independence</a>. The tradition began in 1924 and the principal national parade on the Zocalo square in Mexico City was made a permanent yearly event in 1935. </p><p>Parades are also held every <a href="/wiki/Cinco_de_Mayo" title="Cinco de Mayo">Cinco de Mayo</a> and on Revolution Day, 20 November. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mongolia">Mongolia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Mongolia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Military parades in <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> have a long tradition that dates back to the era of the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a>. Today they closely follow the Russian model with some modifications such as trooping of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Mongolia" title="Flag of Mongolia">flag of Mongolia</a> in a car rather than by foot. A Dangjiren is based on a cavalry military parade of the Mongols that were held in the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first official military parade in Communist Mongolia took place in 1921 in honor of the victories of <a href="/wiki/Damdin_S%C3%BCkhbaatar" title="Damdin Sükhbaatar">Damdin Sükhbaatar</a> in the People's Revolution. The anniversary parades that followed have been held on jubilee years (specifically in 1946, 1951, 1956, 1961, 1966, 1971, 1976, 1981, 1986 and 1991).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 1991, the practice was abandoned with the exception of 1996 when a parade in the <a href="/wiki/National_Sports_Stadium_(Mongolia)" title="National Sports Stadium (Mongolia)">National Sports Stadium</a> commemorated the 790th anniversary of the founding of Mongolia and the 75th anniversary of the People's Revolution. After a nine-year break, the 2005 inauguration ceremony of <a href="/wiki/Nambaryn_Enkhbayar" title="Nambaryn Enkhbayar">Nambaryn Enkhbayar</a> served as an event to hold a military parade on the central square. This took place again in 2009 for the inauguration of <a href="/wiki/Tsakhiagiin_Elbegdorj" title="Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj">Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj</a>. That same year, State Flag Day was introduced as a national holiday, which would also be celebrated with a parade.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Military parades of the <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Armed_Forces" title="Mongolian Armed Forces">Mongolian Armed Forces</a> on <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCkhbaatar_Square" title="Sükhbaatar Square">Sükhbaatar Square</a> or in <a href="/wiki/Choibalsan_(city)" title="Choibalsan (city)">Choibalsan</a> take place on the following occasions:<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>18 March – <a href="/wiki/Men%27s_and_Soldiers%27_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Men's and Soldiers' Day">Soldiers Day</a></li> <li>10 July – <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_State_Flag_Day" title="Mongolian State Flag Day">Mongolian State Flag Day</a></li> <li>1 September – Anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khalkin_Gol" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Khalkin Gol">Battle of Khalkin Gol</a></li> <li>Inauguration of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mongolia" title="President of Mongolia">president of Mongolia</a></li> <li>Graduations of the <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_University_(Mongolia)" title="National Defense University (Mongolia)">National Defense University</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 250px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cFv0vF-gzxA">The 70th anniversary parade of the People's Revolution of 1921</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=S_mrMgbwwyQ">Mongolian Military Parade 2011</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>During Mongolia's <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">socialist period</a>, annual civil/military parades of the <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Army" title="Mongolian People's Army">Mongolian People's Army</a> took place until 1991,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> celebrating the following occasions:<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1 May – <a href="/wiki/International_Workers_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="International Workers Day">International Workers Day</a></li> <li>11 July – <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Revolution_of_1921" title="Mongolian Revolution of 1921">Day of the People's Revolution of 1921</a></li> <li>7 November – <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution_Day" title="October Revolution Day">October Revolution Day</a></li></ul> <p>During these events, party and government leaders were viewed ascending to the top of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCkhbaatar%27s_Mausoleum" title="Sükhbaatar's Mausoleum">Sükhbaatar's Mausoleum</a> to take the salute. </p><p>Alongside the Armed Forces today's parades also involve personnel of the <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_(Mongolia)" title="National Police Agency (Mongolia)">National Police Agency</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Troops_of_Mongolia" title="Internal Troops of Mongolia">Internal Troops of Mongolia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/General_Authority_for_Border_Protection" title="General Authority for Border Protection">General Authority for Border Protection</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Emergency_Management_Agency_(Mongolia)" title="National Emergency Management Agency (Mongolia)">National Emergency Management Agency</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paraguay">Paraguay</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Paraguay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was the armed services of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay that helped develop the traditions of military parades in <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> following the devastating <a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_War" title="Paraguayan War">Paraguayan War</a>, resulting in the introduction of certain traditions beginning in the early 20th century, which would later be infused with German, Italian and French influence. Before that war, however, they were quite few parades with primarily Spanish influences. The first major parade ever to be held in the 20th century in this country was on August 22, 1935, celebrating the victory won in the <a href="/wiki/Chaco_War" title="Chaco War">Chaco War</a> against the Bolivian Armed Forces. In the 1940s and 1950s, German goose-stepping had been adopted in a limited scale thanks to Chilean instructors in the <a href="/wiki/Francisco_L%C3%B3pez_Military_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco López Military Academy">Francisco López Military Academy</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acosta_%C3%91u_Military_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acosta Ñu Military High School (page does not exist)">Acosta Ñu Military High School</a> and the National Police Academy. </p><p>Today the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Paraguay" title="Armed Forces of Paraguay">Armed Forces of Paraguay</a> stages massive military parades in <a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a>, the national capital, together with the police on the following days: </p> <ul><li>May 14, Independence Day</li> <li>June 12, Chaco War Victory Day</li> <li>July 24, Army Day</li> <li>September 12, Navy Day</li> <li>September 22, Victory Day in the Battle of Curupayty</li> <li>September 29, Victory Day in the Battle of Boqueron</li> <li>November 6, Air Force Day</li></ul> <p>In addition, a local parade is held every August 15 in honor of the anniversary of the foundation of the city of Asunción and the Catholic Feast of the Assumption of Mary. Almost all parades are televised nationally. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peru">Peru</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Peru"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Armed_Forces" title="Peruvian Armed Forces">Peruvian Armed Forces</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_Peru" title="National Police of Peru">National Police of Peru</a> holds the yearly <a href="/wiki/Great_Military_Parade_of_Peru" title="Great Military Parade of Peru">Great Military Parade of Peru</a> every July 29 in Lima as the armed services' way of honoring the anniversary of national independence and the role they have played in shaping the history of the country. Together with these two services the Peruvian Volunteer Firefighters Corps and Peruvian National Penitentiary Institute also take part as well. Local level Independence Day parades are held on pre-determined days before July 28 and 29 as set by their respective local governments. </p><p>Parades held by service personnel and veterans of the armed forces are also marked on: </p> <ul><li>June 7 – Flag Day and Battle of Arica Memorial Day</li> <li>June 26 – Air Force Day</li> <li>September 24 – Armed Forces Day</li> <li>October 8 – Navy Day</li> <li>December 9 – Army Day and the anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ayacucho" title="Battle of Ayacucho">Battle of Ayacucho</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Philippines">Philippines</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tradition of military parades in the Philippines traces its origins to the military parades held since the late 1700s in honor of the inaugurations of the governors general of the Philippines, with troops provided by formations of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Army" title="Spanish Army">Spanish Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spanish Navy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Marine_Infantry" title="Spanish Marine Infantry">Spanish Marine Infantry</a>, manned by personnel from Spain and her other colonies and locally recruited personnel. Parades were also held on the anniversaries of members of the Spanish royal family and important anniversaries. It was these parades that would model the revolutionary armed forces of the young country, made up of the young <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolutionary_Army" title="Philippine Revolutionary Army">Philippine Revolutionary Army</a> and local pro-independence militias, as it performed the first ever military parade on January 23, 1899, the day of the formal establishment of the <a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Philippine Republic</a> in what is now the city of Malolos in Bulacan. </p><p>Today's military parade tradition are also combined with the latter influences of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Constabulary" title="Philippine Constabulary">Philippine Constabulary</a> and the locally raised <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Scouts" title="Philippine Scouts">Philippine Scouts</a>, which held parades together with the collegiate formations of the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps_(Philippines)" title="Reserve Officers' Training Corps (Philippines)">Reserve Officers' Training Corps</a> (raised 1912), and later on with Japanese influences during the brief Japanese occupation during the Second World War, where parades were held by servicemen of both the Imperial Japanese Army and the Imperial Japanese Navy, which high stepped before dignitaries. During the inauguration of the Second Republic on October 14, 1943, Japanese-sponsored military formations marched past in what is now Manila's National Museum Building. On July 4, 1946, the day national independence was restored as a result of the promulgation of the Treaty of Manila, the first modern military parade was held involving both US and Philippine units in historic <a href="/wiki/Rizal_Park" title="Rizal Park">Rizal Park</a> in Manila, and from then on military parades of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">Armed Forces of the Philippines</a> (composed of active and reserve servicemen and women and its veterans), the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Police" title="Philippine National Police">Philippine National Police</a>, successor to the traditions and history of both the Constabulary and the <a href="/wiki/Integrated_National_Police" title="Integrated National Police">Integrated National Police</a> (established 1975) and the paramilitary <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Coast_Guard" title="Philippine Coast Guard">Philippine Coast Guard</a> under the Department of Transportation (established in its modern form in 1967 with roots dating back to 1901 and has been a separate organization since 1998), alongside the college and university ROTC units and other components of the <a href="/wiki/National_Service_Training_Program" title="National Service Training Program">National Service Training Program</a> and the secondary school cadets in Citizen's Army Training (CAT) units from both public and private institutions, are a part of national life and a big staple during major national holidays. These events are expressions of national pride and gratitude for services for the country by servicemen and women of these organizations and a demonstration of their importance to national defense and security. On July 7, 1974, the <a href="/wiki/Tanghalang_Francisco_Balagtas" title="Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas">Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas</a> opened its doors with a grand civil-military parade entitled "<i>Kasaysayan ng Lahi</i>" (<i>History of the Race</i>) in time for <a href="/wiki/Miss_Universe_1974" title="Miss Universe 1974">Miss Universe 1974</a>, which also featured formations in historical uniforms from the pre-Spanish era up to the Second World War as well as living veterans of the latter conflict. Until 1962, parades were held on July 4, the former date of Independence Day, and the last Rizal Day parade in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_presidential_inauguration" title="Philippine presidential inauguration">presidential inauguration</a> was held in 1969. Today military parades in the Philippines, which are sometimes also televised events, are held on a number of days (local commemorations indicated in parentheses): </p> <ul><li>January 23, First Republic Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>January 29, National Police Day</li> <li>March 23, Army Day</li> <li>April 9, <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Valor" title="Day of Valor">Day of Valor</a></li> <li>May 20, Navy Day</li> <li>May 28, Flag Day</li> <li>June 12, Independence Day</li> <li>July 1, Air Force Day</li> <li>August 18, Police Service Day</li> <li>October 17, Coast Guard Day</li> <li>December 21, Armed Forces Day</li> <li>On anniversaries of important battles fought by the Armed Forces of the Philippines, including the following days: <ul><li>February 9, Mandaluyong Liberation and Cityhood Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>March 3, Victory Day in the Battle of Manila (local commemoration)</li> <li>March 18, Panay Liberation Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>March 26, <a href="/wiki/Talisay_Landing" title="Talisay Landing">Talisay Landing</a> Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>August 30, Battle of Pinaglabanan Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>September 2, Victory over Japan Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>September 12, Battle of Pulang Lupa Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>October 20, Leyte Landing Day (local commemoration)</li> <li>November 5, Al Cinco de Noviembre (local commemoration)</li></ul></li> <li>During a change of command, retirement and recruit and cadet graduation parades within the service branches of the armed forces, the Philippine Military Academy and all officer candidate schools</li> <li>During holidays and festivals marked by each of the provinces, cities and towns</li> <li>On June 30, the date of the Philippine presidential inauguration</li> <li>During inauguration ceremonies of provincial governors and city and municipal chief executives</li></ul> <p>Parades in <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> are held principally in the parade grounds of <a href="/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldo" title="Camp Aguinaldo">Camp Aguinaldo</a> in Quezon City and <a href="/wiki/Quirino_Grandstand" title="Quirino Grandstand">Quirino Grandstand</a> in Manila with the Philippine Army headquarters in Taguig and Villamor Air Base in Pasay as secondary venues. Parades are also held in the grounds of <a href="/wiki/Clark_Air_Base" title="Clark Air Base">Clark Air Base</a> in Pampanga. Regionally, the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bicol_Region_Military_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bicol Region Military Parade (page does not exist)">Bicol Region Military Parade</a></i> held every second Friday of September in Naga, Camarines Sur, with over 19,000 youth cadets and athletes from high schools and universities, together with the Armed Forces, National Police and the Bureau of Fire Protection, all taking part, is the country's biggest parade held in honor of the festivities of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pe%C3%B1afrancia" title="Our Lady of Peñafrancia">Our Lady of Peñafrancia</a>, and is also the longest and with such big numbers of people marching this civil-military parade is one of the largest ever to be annually held in Southeast Asia. Parades are also held in major cities in the regions during national and regional holidays. </p><p>Alongside the AFP, PNP and PCG, all ROTC units and CAT units in secondary schools (with occasional participation of athletes), also taking part in these parade are: </p> <ul><li>Bureau of Jail Management and Penology</li> <li>Bureau of Fire Protection</li> <li>Boy Scouts of the Philippines</li> <li>Girl Scouts of the Philippines</li> <li>Military veterans</li> <li>Law enforcement and emergency veterans</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Poland">Poland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:August_15,_2018._Celebration_of_the_Polish_Army_Day._Air_force_of_Poland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/August_15%2C_2018._Celebration_of_the_Polish_Army_Day._Air_force_of_Poland.jpg/220px-August_15%2C_2018._Celebration_of_the_Polish_Army_Day._Air_force_of_Poland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/August_15%2C_2018._Celebration_of_the_Polish_Army_Day._Air_force_of_Poland.jpg/330px-August_15%2C_2018._Celebration_of_the_Polish_Army_Day._Air_force_of_Poland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/August_15%2C_2018._Celebration_of_the_Polish_Army_Day._Air_force_of_Poland.jpg/440px-August_15%2C_2018._Celebration_of_the_Polish_Army_Day._Air_force_of_Poland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3360" data-file-height="2240" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Polish Air Force</a> ceremonial guard during the Armed Forces Day parade</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces" title="Polish Armed Forces">Polish Armed Forces</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Police_of_Poland" title="Police of Poland">Police of Poland</a> holds two yearly military parades (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Defilada wojskowa</i>) in the capital of <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Day_(Poland)" title="Armed Forces Day (Poland)">Armed Forces Day</a> parade through <a href="/wiki/Ujazd%C3%B3w_Avenue" class="mw-redirect" title="Ujazdów Avenue">Ujazdów Avenue</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Independence_Day_(Poland)" title="National Independence Day (Poland)">National Independence Day</a> parade near the <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier,_Warsaw" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw">Tomb of the Unknown Soldier</a> on <a href="/wiki/Pi%C5%82sudski_Square" title="Piłsudski Square">Piłsudski Square</a>. Both of these parades include <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> personnel stationed near or inside the country. The Armed Forces Day parade was introduced in 2007 and 2008 as first grand military parades since the holiday was reinstated and have been held yearly since 2013. The first Polish military parade took place on 17 January 1945. Prior to 1989, parades were held in front of the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Culture_and_Science" title="Palace of Culture and Science">Palace of Culture and Science</a> on <a href="/wiki/Parade_Square" title="Parade Square">Parade Square</a> on 22 July commemorate the <a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_the_Rebirth_of_Poland" title="National Day of the Rebirth of Poland">National Day of the Rebirth of Poland</a> celebrations, honoring the anniversary of the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a>-sponsored <a href="/wiki/PKWN_Manifesto" class="mw-redirect" title="PKWN Manifesto">PKWN Manifesto</a>. Back then, the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Poland">People's Republic of Poland</a> used many Russian traditions in regard to military parades, especially the inspection by the minister of defence. In 1966, during the millennium celebrations of the <a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Poland" title="Christianization of Poland">Christianization of Poland</a>, a parade was held on 22 July which included cadets of military academies and personnel of Polish ceremonial units dressed in historical military uniforms dating back to the <a href="/wiki/Piast_dynasty" title="Piast dynasty">Piast dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/1985_Warsaw_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1985 Warsaw Victory Day Parade">special parade</a> was held on 9 May 1985 to honor the 40th anniversary of the Victory in Europe and the servicemen of the Polish Armed Forces in the West and the East. In 2019, a 3rd was added when the yearly <a href="/wiki/3_May_Constitution_Day" title="3 May Constitution Day">3 May Constitution Day</a> parades, last held in 1939 and were held off and on since 1990, were officially reinstated. </p><p>Parades are held by these two organizations in major cities and provincial capitals. </p><p>Alongside these two organizations and their veterans the following also take part: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_(Poland)" title="Border Guard (Poland)">Border Guards</a></li> <li>Prisons Service</li> <li>State Fire Service</li> <li>Customs Service of the National Revenue Administration</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Scouting_and_Guiding_Association" title="Polish Scouting and Guiding Association">Polish Scouting and Guiding Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stra%C5%BC_Marsza%C5%82kowska" class="mw-redirect" title="Straż Marszałkowska">Marshal's Guard of the Sejm</a> (in Warsaw only)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Romania">Romania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Romania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Romanian tradition of military parades (<i>Parada militara/Defilada militara</i>) dates back to the days as a kingdom, based on the traditions of Russia, Germany and Greece (and later on Hungary beginning in 1918, following the accession into the country of Transylvania). The traditions took a new form during the days as a socialist republic from 1947 to 1989, with additional Soviet influences, with August 23, <a href="/wiki/Liberation_from_Fascist_Occupation_Day" title="Liberation from Fascist Occupation Day">Liberation from Fascist Occupation Day</a> and also currently <a href="/wiki/Black_Ribbon_Day" title="Black Ribbon Day">Black Ribbon Day</a>, being the day of the principal parade held in Bucharest involving the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_People%27s_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanian People's Army">Romanian People's Army</a> celebrating the 1944 <a href="/wiki/King_Michael%27s_Coup" class="mw-redirect" title="King Michael's Coup">King Michael's Coup</a> which ended years of fascist administration in Romania, one of the direct consequences of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Bessarabia_and_Northern_Bukovina" title="Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina">Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina</a> in 1940. While the first parade was held in 1945 the first anniversary of the coup and as a celebration of the Allied victory in the Second World War in Europe, the final parade was held in 1989, the coup's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapphire_jubillee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sapphire jubillee (page does not exist)">sapphire jubillee</a> year anniversary.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most often the parades were held on Bucharest's <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle_Square" title="Charles de Gaulle Square">Charles de Gaulle Square</a>, and today's military parades, with occasional participation of armed forces from NATO countries, are held in either Constitution Square in the capital or at the <a href="/wiki/%C8%98oseaua_Kiseleff" title="Șoseaua Kiseleff">Șoseaua Kiseleff</a> near the Arch of Triumph.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today the Romanian Armed Forces holds military parades on the following holidays: </p> <ul><li>1st Sunday of April, NATO Day (movable date)</li> <li>April 23, Land Forces Day</li> <li>May 9, Independence and Victory Day and Europe Day</li> <li>May 10, King's Day</li> <li>July 20, Air Force Day</li> <li>August 15, Navy Day</li> <li>October 25, Armed Forces Day and King Michael I's Birthday</li> <li>November 3, Day of the <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A2n%C4%83tori_de_munte" title="Vânători de munte">Vânători de munte</a></li> <li>December 1, <a href="/wiki/Great_Union_Day" title="Great Union Day">Great Union Day</a></li> <li>On the occasion of passing out parades of military academies and NCO schools</li></ul> <p>Parades are also held by the Armed Forces in a number of major cities.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Together with the Armed Forces marching on these parades are the following: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_(Romania)" title="Gendarmerie (Romania)">Romanian Gendarmenie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Police" title="Romanian Police">Romanian Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Border_Police" title="Romanian Border Police">Romanian Border Police</a></li> <li>All city and county police forces</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Intelligence_Service" title="Romanian Intelligence Service">Romanian Intelligence Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serviciul_de_Telecomunica%C8%9Bii_Speciale" title="Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale">Serviciul de Telecomunicații Speciale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Inspectorate_of_Aviation_(Romania)" title="General Inspectorate of Aviation (Romania)">General Inspectorate of Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protection_and_Guard_Service" title="Protection and Guard Service">Protection and Guard Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_General_Inspectorate_for_Emergency_Situations" title="Romanian General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations">Romanian General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Agency_for_Fiscal_Administration" title="National Agency for Fiscal Administration">National Agency for Fiscal Administration</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Russia_and_ex-Soviet_countries">Russia and ex-Soviet countries</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Russia and ex-Soviet countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Naval_Academy_1983.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Naval_Academy_1983.jpg/220px-Naval_Academy_1983.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Naval_Academy_1983.jpg/330px-Naval_Academy_1983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Naval_Academy_1983.jpg/440px-Naval_Academy_1983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2580" data-file-height="1571" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/N._G._Kuznetsov_Naval_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="N. G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy">N. G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy</a>, led by Captain Anatoliy Karpenko, during a parade on <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Leningrad</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Palace_Square" title="Palace Square">Palace Square</a> in 1983.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Western tradition of military parades in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> was part of the many reforms made by <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a> as part of his many efforts to transform the army and the navy from traditional militias to a full-blown professional armed service that is a model for the people in discipline and obedience, courage, bravery, loyalty to the country and in bringing pride and glory to her people. During the Imperial period, national parades were alternated between <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> on major national civil and military holidays, anniversaries of the Romanov Dynasty and as part of the imperial coronation celebrations, celebrations and parades were also held in many major cities and provincial capitals. </p><p>So important was the value of these parades that even the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Armed_Forces" title="Soviet Armed Forces">Soviet Armed Forces</a> made these parades a common tradition beginning in August 1918 when the first modern parade was held in Moscow's <a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a> when Moscow area <a href="/wiki/Vsevobuch" title="Vsevobuch">Vsevobuch</a> detachments march past, earlier than May, a <a href="/wiki/1918_May_1_Parade" title="1918 May 1 Parade">military parade</a>, the first by the nascent <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a>, was held outside the capital. Since that year, many innovations have been seen in the practice of annual parades held not just there but in the capital cities of the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, as well as in major cities in the wide country, which were held on <a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">1 May</a> (1918–1941 and 1945–1968), <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution_Day" title="October Revolution Day">7 November</a> (1920–1941 and 1945–1990) and <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_Parades" title="Victory Day Parades">9 May</a> (1945, 1965, 1985 and 1990). The following areas in the union republics were where common parades were held in 1990: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281949%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Khreshchatyk" title="Khreshchatyk">Khreshchatyk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281951%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelorussian SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lenin_Square,_Minsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin Square, Minsk">Lenin Square, Minsk</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbek SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mustaqillik_Maydoni" title="Mustaqillik Maydoni">Lenin Square, Tashkent</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kazakhstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Republic_Square,_Almaty" title="Republic Square, Almaty">Brezhnev Square, Almaty</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Georgia_%281990%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgian SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rustaveli_Avenue" title="Rustaveli Avenue">Rustaveli Avenue, Tbilisi</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lenin_Square,_Baku" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin Square, Baku">Lenin Square, Baku</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281988%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuanian SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gediminas_Avenue" title="Gediminas Avenue">Gediminas Avenue, Vilnius</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldavian SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Great_National_Assembly_Square,_Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Great National Assembly Square, Chișinău">Victory Square/Great National Assembly, Kishinev</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvian SSR</a> - 11 November Embankment, <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kirghiz SSR</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ala-Too_Square" title="Ala-Too Square">Lenin Square, Frunze</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Tajikistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajik SSR</a> - <a href="/wiki/Dousti_Square" title="Dousti Square">Lenin Square, Dushanbe</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenian SSR</a> – <a href="/wiki/Republic_Square,_Yerevan" title="Republic Square, Yerevan">Republic Square, Yerevan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281973%E2%80%931991%29%3B_Flag_of_Turkmenistan_%281991%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmen SSR</a> - <a href="/wiki/Magtymguly_Avenue" title="Magtymguly Avenue">Freedom Avenue, Ashgabat</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian SSR</a> - <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Square,_Tallinn" title="Freedom Square, Tallinn">Freedom Square, Tallinn</a></li></ul> <p>Today, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> - and by extension countries of the former Soviet Union - host a variety of military parades held on important national holidays, honoring the men and women of their armed forces and military veterans. The celebrations in each of these countries carry on years of tradition, honor, discipline, and prestige by the millions of men and women who serve and have served in the ranks of the armed forces of their respective home countries. These parades have extensive government funding and aside from the iconic wide march past columns and occasional historical formations, typically include a mobile column, and occasionally a naval fleet review and/or air force fly past segment, a legacy of the Soviet era. Alongside the armed forces and occasionally youth cadets of military high schools, law enforcement and emergency services also take part in the parades in their countries. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:4Samarin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/4Samarin.jpg/220px-4Samarin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/4Samarin.jpg/330px-4Samarin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/4Samarin.jpg/440px-4Samarin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A Russian Armed Forces Honour Parade on <a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a> in November 2018.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Armenia">Armenia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Armenia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the country was a Soviet Republic from 1920 to 1991, Armenia was formerly independent from 1918 to 1920 and thus had armed forces composed of both veterans of the Imperial Army and guerillas fighting the Ottoman armed forces who had been enforcing the anti-Armenian massacres of 1914. Armenians fought bravery in the Eastern Front of the Second World War as part of the Soviet Armed Forces, retaining some of its traditions today. The last of the Soviet-era parades took place in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Armenia" title="Armed Forces of Armenia">Armed Forces of Armenia</a> hosts massive parades held in <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a>, the capital city, on the following days: </p> <ul><li>May 28 – <a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_(Armenia)" title="Republic Day (Armenia)">Republic Day</a></li> <li>September 21 – <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Armenia)" title="Independence Day (Armenia)">Independence Day</a></li></ul> <p>In recent years, national military parades have included drill units and military bands performing <a href="/wiki/Exhibition_drill" title="Exhibition drill">exhibition drill</a> for the guests before the parade concludes. </p><p>Armenian military parades have garnered notable controversy. The 1996 parade coincided with the <a href="/wiki/1996_Armenian_presidential_election" title="1996 Armenian presidential election">presidential election</a>, which would take place the day after, which resulted in many opposition figures charging President <a href="/wiki/Levon_Ter-Petrosyan" title="Levon Ter-Petrosyan">Levon Ter-Petrosyan</a>, who was in attendance, with putting on a <a href="/wiki/Show_of_force" title="Show of force">show of force</a> to his opposition and particularly supporters of his opponent <a href="/wiki/Vazgen_Manukyan" title="Vazgen Manukyan">Vazgen Manukyan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another controversial aspect was censorship, an example of this being in 1994, when Ruben Satyan (<a href="/wiki/Editor-in-chief" title="Editor-in-chief">editor-in-chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a> newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Vremya" title="Vremya">Vremya</a></i>) reported that one Armenian general was wearing non-regulation trousers with sewn red stripes on pants intended for a <a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">private</a>, a report which resulted in Satyan being summoned to the local military prosecutor's office, who warned him to never do a report like this again, particularly saying that "It's good you're not 45, otherwise, I'd have you sent to fight in <a href="/wiki/Karabakh" title="Karabakh">Karabakh</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Azerbaijan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Military_parades_in_Azerbaijan" title="Military parades in Azerbaijan">Military parades in Azerbaijan</a></div> <p>The semi-annual parade on the <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Azerbaijan" title="Day of the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan">Day of the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan</a>, 26 June, is one of the biggest in the Commonwealth of Independent States, held every 3 to 5 years at the <a href="/wiki/Azadliq_Square,_Baku" title="Azadliq Square, Baku">Azadliq Square, Baku</a>, honoring the many Azerbaijanis who served faithful under the colours as part of her armed forces. The forces on parade are assembled based on a mix of the Turkish and Russian parade formation. </p><p>A special <a href="/wiki/Baku_Victory_Parade_of_2020" title="Baku Victory Parade of 2020">victory parade</a> was held on that same square on 10 December 2020 to mark the Azeri victory in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war</a>. </p><p>Alongside the semi-annual parades, celebration marches and occasional parades are held on the following: </p> <ul><li>9 May, Victory in Europe Day</li> <li>28 May, Independence Day</li> <li>15 September, anniversary of the Azerbaijani-Turkish victory in the 1918 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baku" title="Battle of Baku">Battle of Baku</a></li> <li>18 October, Independence Restoration Day</li> <li>8–9 November, <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(Azerbaijan)" title="Victory Day (Azerbaijan)">Victory Day in the Nagorno-Karabakh Patriotic War</a> and Flag Day</li> <li>Passing out parades and ceremonies of military educational institutions</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Belarus">Belarus</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Belarus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Victory_Day_Parades_in_Minsk" title="List of Victory Day Parades in Minsk">List of Victory Day Parades in Minsk</a></div> <p>The first venue for the parades in the capital was Cathedral Square. Military parades and solemn processions took place here even before the October Revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon the Liberation of Minsk in 1944, a parade now known as the <a href="/wiki/Partisans_Parade" title="Partisans Parade">Partisans Parade</a> was held. Military parades in the <a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic</a> took place on <a href="/wiki/October_Square,_Minsk" title="October Square, Minsk">October Square</a> from 1946 to 1984. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Belarus" title="Armed Forces of Belarus">Armed Forces of Belarus</a> holds an annual military parade on 3 July along the <a href="/wiki/Victors_Avenue" title="Victors Avenue">Victors Avenue</a> in the national capital <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a>, marking the anniversary of the liberation of the country during the 1944 <a href="/wiki/Minsk_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Minsk Offensive">Minsk Offensive</a>, which coincides with the country's <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Belarus)" title="Independence Day (Belarus)">Independence Day</a>. On special years of the victory in Europe, commemorative extraordinary parades are held there on 9 May to honor the millions of Belarusian military dead of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>. Military parades in the country are based on the Russian/Polish model and tradition. Formerly, parades in the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Belarus">Republic of Belarus</a> and the BSSR took place on <a href="/wiki/Independence_Square,_Minsk" title="Independence Square, Minsk">Independence Square</a> (known in the Soviet era as Lenin Square). This changed in the early 2000s when the square was renovated and became incompatible with the parade format. Since 2004, military parades in the capital have taken place on <a href="/wiki/Victors_Avenue" title="Victors Avenue">Victors Avenue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first military parade in the Western city of <a href="/wiki/Grodno" title="Grodno">Grodno</a> was held 2015 on Lenin Square.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In connection with the centennial of the Belarusian Armed Forces in 2018, a military parade was also held in Grodno. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Estonia">Estonia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Estonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While being formerly independent from 1918 to 1940 and as a component republic of the Soviet Union from that year to 1941 and yet again from 1944 to 1991, the current <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Defence_Forces" title="Estonian Defence Forces">Estonian Defence Forces</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Defence_League" title="Estonian Defence League">Estonian Defence League</a>, successor to both the military and reserve forces of the First Republic and republican formations under the Baltic Military District and Baltic Fleet of the Soviet Armed Forces, marches during a combination of Russian, Finnish and Western drill in parades held in the following days: </p> <ul><li>February 24 – <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Estonia)" title="Independence Day (Estonia)">Independence Day</a></li> <li>June 24 – <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5idup%C3%BCha" title="Võidupüha">Victory Day</a></li></ul> <p>During the 2006 Victory Day Parade in <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a>, the first-ever Fleet Review of the <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Navy" title="Estonian Navy">Estonian Navy</a> in Estonian history was conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Defence_League" title="Estonian Defence League">Estonian Defence League</a>. The Soviet era <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian language</a> term for the annual parade on what was formerly Victory Square during the 7 November holiday was the Oktoobriparaad ("October Parade").<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Georgia">Georgia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Georgia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Defense_Forces_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Forces of Georgia">Defense Forces of Georgia</a>, successor to the armed services of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Georgia" title="Democratic Republic of Georgia">Democratic Republic</a> and Soviet formations stationed in the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgian SSR">Georgian SSR</a>, hosts military parades on May 26, <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Georgia)" title="Independence Day (Georgia)">Independence Day</a>, the anniversary of the formation of the republic in 1918, together with elements from the <a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Police of Georgia">National Police</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Border_Police_of_Georgia" title="Border Police of Georgia">Border Police</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Coast_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgian Coast Guard">Georgian Coast Guard</a>. The first parade was held on Independence Day in 1991, with 10,000 soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Georgia" title="National Guard of Georgia">National Guard of Georgia</a> taking their oath of service in front of President <a href="/wiki/Zviad_Gamsakhurdia" title="Zviad Gamsakhurdia">Zviad Gamsakhurdia</a> at <a href="/wiki/Boris_Paichadze_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Boris Paichadze Stadium">Boris Paichadze Stadium</a>. The parade was held without heavy equipment (by order of parade commander, Colonel Avtandil Tskitishvili), with only a small detachment of cavalry being brought to the stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another parade was organized in 1993. From 1997 to 2004, no military parades had been organized by the government, citing financial difficulties.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, President <a href="/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili">Mikheil Saakashvili</a> restored the tradition of holding military parades.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> National independence parades have also been held in the cities of <a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Kutaisi" title="Kutaisi">Kutaisi</a>. </p><p>Modern parades are a mix of the former Soviet and modern Western (British, US, Turkish and Israeli) traditions and drill owing to the modernization of the defense and public security forces to NATO and EU standards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Kazakhstan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed Forces of Kazakhstan">Armed Forces of Kazakhstan</a> holds military parades (<a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: <span lang="kk">Әскери парад</span>) that resemble the parades of the Russian military in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, with one of the only exceptions being the inspection of the troops by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">Supreme Commander of the Kazakh Armed Forces</a>, instead of the defense minister. It has never held yearly parades celebrating one occasion, with parades currently being held in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Defender_of_the_Fatherland_Day_(Kazakhstan)" title="Defender of the Fatherland Day (Kazakhstan)">Defender of the Fatherland Day</a> holiday, the first of which being 2014 and the largest parade in existence being held on this date in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the past, large scale military parades in the former capital of <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a> and the current capital of <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> were held on the following holidays: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan_Independence_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakhstan Independence Day">Kazakhstan Independence Day</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(9_May)" title="Victory Day (9 May)">Victory Day (9 May)</a> (1995, 2000,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2005)<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Day_(Kazakhstan)" title="Constitution Day (Kazakhstan)">Constitution Day (Kazakhstan)</a> (2009, 2010, 2011)</li></ul> <p>In recent years, the Defender of the Fatherland Day parade was expanded to function as a so-called "<a href="/wiki/Battle_Parade" title="Battle Parade">Battle Parade</a>" (Боевой парад). So far, only two of these kinds of parades have been held; in 2013 and 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to usual military parades, the battle parade includes tactical exercises and military demonstrations after the parade itself. These parades usually are held at the 40th <a href="/wiki/Otar_Military_Base" title="Otar Military Base">Otar Military Base</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Korday_District" title="Korday District">Korday District</a> and take place with the troops in full combat gear rather than a ceremonial <a href="/wiki/Full_dress_uniform" title="Full dress uniform">full dress uniform</a>. Like former Soviet republics, Kazakh military parades are led by a cadet <a href="/wiki/Corps_of_drums" title="Corps of drums">drum corps</a>, specifically from the <a href="/wiki/Astana_Zhas_Ulan_Republican_School" title="Astana Zhas Ulan Republican School">Astana Zhas Ulan Republican School</a>. </p><p>As of 2020, the <a href="/wiki/MC" class="mw-redirect" title="MC">MC</a> for parade ceremonies is Azamat Kanapiya, who announces the parade live and not pre-recorded like his Russian counterparts.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Kyrgyzstan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kyrgyz military parades are based on Russian traditions, having been held on many occasions in the history of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Kyrgyzstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed Forces of Kyrgyzstan">Armed Forces of Kyrgyzstan</a>. Currently, the only consistent military parade is held on <a href="/wiki/Ala-Too_Square" title="Ala-Too Square">Ala-Too Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a> every 5 years in honor of the country's <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Kyrgyzstan)" title="Independence Day (Kyrgyzstan)">Independence Day</a>. Other military parades have been held celebrating different occasions. On 24 March 2006, a parade was held on the same square celebrating the 1 year anniversary since the <a href="/wiki/Tulip_Revolution" title="Tulip Revolution">Tulip Revolution</a> which overthrew President <a href="/wiki/Askar_Akayev" title="Askar Akayev">Askar Akayev</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May of that same year, a <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Armed_Forces_(Kyrgyzstan)" title="Day of the Armed Forces (Kyrgyzstan)">Day of the Armed Forces</a> parade on the same square, later being deemed as "irresponsible" by opposition lawmaker <a href="/wiki/Omurbek_Tekebaev" class="mw-redirect" title="Omurbek Tekebaev">Omurbek Tekebaev</a> due to the fact that it coincided with opposition protests against President <a href="/wiki/Kurmanbek_Bakiyev" title="Kurmanbek Bakiyev">Kurmanbek Bakiyev</a>, which itself was described by Defence Minister <a href="/wiki/Ismail_Isakov" title="Ismail Isakov">Ismail Isakov</a> as purely "coincidental".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, a Victory Day Parade was held in the Kyrgyz capital, being presided by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Temir_Sariyev" title="Temir Sariyev">Temir Sariyev</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_Armed_Forces_of_the_Kyrgyz_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="General Staff of Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic">Chief of General Staff</a> <a href="/wiki/Asanbek_Alymkozhoev" title="Asanbek Alymkozhoev">Asanbek Alymkozhoev</a> in place of President <a href="/wiki/Almazbek_Atambayev" title="Almazbek Atambayev">Almazbek Atambayev</a>, who was attending the <a href="/wiki/2015_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2015 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2015 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a> that same day.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The parade saw the appearance of veterans of the war in the mobile column as well as Russian troops from the local <a href="/wiki/Kant_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Kant Air Base">Kant Air Base</a> taking part in the parade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Latvia">Latvia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Latvia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Latvia, like its neighbors to the north and south, was also formerly independent from 1918 to 1940 and as a component republic of the Soviet Union from that year to 1941 and yet again from 1944 to 1991, and its armed forces, then as in the 90s, were formed up of Latvian born personnel who served in the Russian military and thus share some of the Russian drill and parade ceremonial in combination with Western practices. After the restoration of Latvia's independence, parades at the Freedom Monument began on 23 August 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the <a href="/wiki/Latvian_National_Armed_Forces" title="Latvian National Armed Forces">Latvian National Armed Forces</a> hosts massive parades (with occasional participation by service personnel of NATO armed forces) on the following dates: </p> <ul><li>May 4, <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Restoration_of_Latvian_Independence" title="Day of the Restoration of Latvian Independence">Restoration of Independence Day</a></li> <li>November 11, <a href="/wiki/L%C4%81%C4%8Dpl%C4%93sis_Day" title="Lāčplēsis Day">Lāčplēsis Day</a></li> <li>November 18, <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_Day_of_the_Republic_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Proclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia">Proclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Lithuania">Lithuania</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Lithuania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first official military parade in Lithuania took place on 11 May 1919 in <a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the latter years of Soviet rule, military parades were met with much hostility. In 1989, protesters in Vilnius blocked tanks rolling on the central avenue<sup id="cite_ref-:2_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a year later, <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Lithuania">Chairman of the Supreme Council</a> <a href="/wiki/Vytautas_Landsbergis" title="Vytautas Landsbergis">Vytautas Landsbergis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Lithuania" title="Prime Minister of Lithuania">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Kazimira_Prunskien%C4%97" title="Kazimira Prunskienė">Kazimira Prunskienė</a> both condemned the holding of a Soviet parade as "psychological warfare" and an attempt by the Soviet authorities to "intimidate" then breakaway republic.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An annual parade is held on <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Armed_Forces" title="Lithuanian Armed Forces">Lithuanian Armed Forces</a> Day (celebrated on 23 November). The holiday is traditionally celebrated with a noon parade reviewed by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Lithuania" title="President of Lithuania">president of Lithuania</a> on <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Square,_Vilnius" title="Cathedral Square, Vilnius">Cathedral Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a>, which runs through <a href="/wiki/Gediminas_Avenue" title="Gediminas Avenue">Gediminas Avenue</a> to Independence Square. <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, alongside Lithuanian troops take part in the parade.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years large parades were held on the 95th anniversary and centennial (in 2013 and 2018) of the restoration of the Lithuanian military.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another large parade was held in 2004 on the occasion of the nation joining NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Russia">Russia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Military parades in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> were first held in 1702 as a troop review, but later grew into a ceremonial event held by order of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Russian Federation">president of the Russian Federation</a> in his constitutional duty as supreme commander of the Armed Forces. Alongside personnel and veterans of the Armed Forces, marching past in these parades are cadets of military high schools and middle schools and the <a href="/wiki/Young_Army_Cadets_National_Movement" title="Young Army Cadets National Movement">Young Army Cadets National Movement</a>, cadets of military faculties of civil universities and battalions of <a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a>, honoring their forebears who fought for their homeland in times past. Also, the following uniformed organizations take part in these parades: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_Regiment" title="Kremlin Regiment">Kremlin Regiment</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Protective_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal Protective Service (Russia)">Federal Protective Service</a> (in Moscow only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Russia" title="National Guard of Russia">National Guard of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_of_Russia" title="Police of Russia">Police of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Directorate_for_Drugs_Control" title="Main Directorate for Drugs Control">Main Directorate for Drugs Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Service_of_the_Federal_Security_Service_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation">Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Emergency_Situations_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)">Ministry of Emergency Situations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Penitentiary_Service" title="Federal Penitentiary Service">Federal Penitentiary Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigative_Committee_of_Russia" title="Investigative Committee of Russia">Investigative Committee of Russia</a></li></ul> <p>Today, the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="Moscow Victory Day Parade">Moscow Victory Day Parade</a> is the main national parade in the country, which follows the traditional format of the now defunct <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution_Day" title="October Revolution Day">October Revolution Day</a> Parades and the <a href="/wiki/International_Workers_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="International Workers Day">International Workers Day</a> Parade. In Russia, military parades are annually held in many parts of the country on the following days: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defender_of_the_Fatherland_Day" title="Defender of the Fatherland Day">Defender of the Fatherland Day</a> on 23 February</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(9_May)" title="Victory Day (9 May)">Victory Day</a> on 9 May – Victory Day marks Germany's surrender to the Soviet Union in 1945 and is Russia's foremost national military holiday since 1995</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navy_Day_(Russia)" title="Navy Day (Russia)">Navy Day</a> on the last Sunday of July</li></ul> <p>Two of the most significant <a href="/wiki/Military_parades" class="mw-redirect" title="Military parades">military parades</a> on Moscow's <a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a> were <a href="/wiki/1941_October_Revolution_Parade" title="1941 October Revolution Parade">1941 October Revolution Parade</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Victory_Parade_of_1945" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Victory Parade of 1945">Victory Parade in 1945</a>. Individual parades on the square were held on 7 March 1919 and 27 July 1920 in honor of World Congresses of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Communist International</a>, on 7 February 1934 in honor of the <a href="/wiki/17th_Congress_of_the_All-Union_Communist_Party_(Bolsheviks)" title="17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)">17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)</a>, on the very first <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Tankmen" title="Day of Tankmen">Day of Tankmen</a> in 1946<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one following the <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Joseph_Stalin" title="Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin">state funeral of Joseph Stalin</a> in March 1953. Today, the square serves as the foremost parade venue in the nation. Rehearsals for these parades took place at <a href="/wiki/Khodynka_Aerodrome" title="Khodynka Aerodrome">Khodynka Aerodrome</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vnukovo_International_Airport" title="Vnukovo International Airport">Vnukovo Airfield</a> in the Soviet era and the <a href="/wiki/Alabino" title="Alabino">Alabino</a> in the modern era.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following <a href="/wiki/Days_of_Military_Honour" title="Days of Military Honour">Days of Military Honour</a> often see parades held in individual cities: </p> <ul><li>27 January – Day of lifting of the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">Siege of Leningrad</a> (held on <a href="/wiki/Palace_Square" title="Palace Square">Palace Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>)</li> <li>2 February – Victory Day in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a> (held on Fallen Fighters Square in <a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a>)</li> <li>23 August – Victory Day over <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kursk" title="Battle of Kursk">Battle of Kursk</a> (held on Square of Heroes of the Battle of Kursk in <a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a>)</li> <li>2 September – <a href="/wiki/Victory_over_Japan_Day" title="Victory over Japan Day">Victory over Japan Day</a> (held in the cities of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Military_District" title="Eastern Military District">Eastern Military District</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk" title="Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk">Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk</a> or <a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk" title="Khabarovsk">Khabarovsk</a>)</li> <li>7 November – Anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/1941_October_Revolution_Parade" title="1941 October Revolution Parade">historic 1941 military parades on the Red Square in Moscow and Kuybyshev Square in Samara</a> (held every year on both squares)<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Tajikistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan_Independence_Day_Military_Parade" title="Tajikistan Independence Day Military Parade">Tajikistan Independence Day Military Parade</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_01.jpg/220px-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_01.jpg/330px-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_01.jpg/440px-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_Parades" title="Victory Day Parades">Victory Day Parade</a> in <a href="/wiki/Victory_Park,_Dushanbe" title="Victory Park, Dushanbe">Victory Park, Dushanbe</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Tajik military parades are held every 2 to 3 years on <a href="/wiki/Dushanbe" title="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dousti_Square" title="Dousti Square">Dousti Square</a>. They are either held on the occasion of <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Tajikistan)" title="Independence Day (Tajikistan)">Independence Day</a> or <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Day_(Tajikistan)" title="Armed Forces Day (Tajikistan)">Armed Forces Day</a>. They usually feature the entire Dushanbe Garrison and its military equipment. The first parade in Dushanbe, which was at the time known as Stalinabad, took place on an area known as Red Square on 7 November 1945. Since then, Soviet military parades of the <a href="/wiki/201st_Motor_Rifle_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="201st Motor Rifle Division">201st Motor Rifle Division</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajikistan SSR">Tajikistan SSR</a> have been held on 9 May and 7 November in Lenin Square annually until 1990. The first military parade in the Republic of Tajikistan was held on armed forces day in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parades are also occasionally held in honor of the inaugurations of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Tajikistan" title="President of Tajikistan">president of Tajikistan</a>, the last was in 2020 in honor of President <a href="/wiki/Emomali_Rahmon" title="Emomali Rahmon">Emomali Rahmon</a>'s 5th inauguration.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Turkmenistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The principal parade hosted by the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Turkmenistan" title="Armed Forces of Turkmenistan">Armed Forces of Turkmenistan</a> is held during the <a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Independence_Day_Parade" title="Turkmen Independence Day Parade">annual Independence Day Parade</a> in Independence Square in <a href="/wiki/Ashgabat" title="Ashgabat">Ashgabat</a> every September 27, <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Turkmenistan)" title="Independence Day (Turkmenistan)">Independence Day</a>, marking the day of the declaration of Turkmen independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. (From 1992 to 2017 the parade was held on October 27, the day of the independence plebiscite.) Parades have also been held on <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Neutrality" title="Day of Neutrality">Day of Neutrality</a>. In 2020, the 75th anniversary of the victory in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> was celebrated with a military parade for the first time at the square in front of the <a href="/wiki/Halk_Hakydasy_Memorial_Complex" title="Halk Hakydasy Memorial Complex">Halk Hakydasy Memorial Complex</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ukrainian parades involve the active and reserve men and women and veterans of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Armed Forces of Ukraine</a>. It holds parades on the following: </p> <ul><li>Second Sunday of July – <a href="/wiki/Navy_Day_(Ukraine)" title="Navy Day (Ukraine)">Navy Day</a></li> <li>May 8 – <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Remembrance_and_Victory_over_Nazism_in_World_War_II_1939_%E2%80%93_1945" title="Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939 – 1945">Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939 – 1945</a></li> <li>May 9 – Europe Day and anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Kiev_Victory_Parade_(1920)" title="Kiev Victory Parade (1920)">1920 Kyiv Polish-Ukrainian Victory Parade</a></li> <li>August 24 – <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Independence_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian Independence Day">Ukrainian Independence Day</a></li> <li>October 1 – <a href="/wiki/Defenders_Day_(Ukraine)" title="Defenders Day (Ukraine)">Defenders of Ukraine Day</a></li> <li>December 6 – Armed Forces Day</li> <li>December 12 – Ground Forces Day</li></ul> <p>Something that distinguishes Ukrainian military parades from its other post-Soviet counterparts is, during the Kyiv parade, the marchpast of the tri-service <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Presidential_Honor_Guard_Battalion" title="Kyiv Presidential Honor Guard Battalion">Kyiv Presidential Honor Guard Battalion</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ukraine" title="Flag of Ukraine">Flag of Ukraine</a> to raise at the flagpole while honors are rendered, which includes the playing of <i><a href="/wiki/Shche_ne_vmerla_Ukraina" class="mw-redirect" title="Shche ne vmerla Ukraina">Shche ne vmerla Ukraina</a></i>. Since 2014, military bands have also played an integral part in these parades by marching with their units as part of the parade. Unlike their other counterparts, who use <i>Hello Comrades</i> as the official greeting during parades, Ukraine uses <i><a href="/wiki/Slava_Ukraini" title="Slava Ukraini">Glory to Ukraine</a></i> as the official holiday greeting, with the troops responding by saying <i>Glory to the Heroes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first major parade was held on 9 May 1995, with the participation of over 75 veterans from Ukraine and the CIS.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The voice of military parades in Ukraine is <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Khorkin" title="Dmitry Khorkin">Dmitry Khorkin</a>, who since 2011 has been the official master of ceremonies for the national parades held in Kyiv's Independence Square.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khorkin's voice became remarkable for official events with the participation of the country's top officials and for supporting the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Ukrainian army</a>, that's why he had received threats from <a href="/wiki/Separatist_forces_of_the_war_in_Donbass" class="mw-redirect" title="Separatist forces of the war in Donbass">pro-Russian separatists</a> before the 2016 military parade.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other cities hold parades on the following days: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>: Day of the <a href="/wiki/Belgorod-Kharkov_Offensive_Operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgorod-Kharkov Offensive Operation">Belgorod-Kharkov Offensive Operation</a> (parades held in 1993, 2003)<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In addition to the Armed Forces and the Territorial Defense Forces, the following organizations also take part: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Ukraine" title="National Guard of Ukraine">National Guard of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_Ukraine" title="National Police of Ukraine">National Police of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Border_Guard_Service_of_Ukraine" title="State Border Guard Service of Ukraine">State Border Guard Service of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Emergency_Service_of_Ukraine" title="State Emergency Service of Ukraine">State Emergency Service of Ukraine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Serbia/Former_Yugoslavia"><span id="Serbia.2FFormer_Yugoslavia"></span>Serbia/Former Yugoslavia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Serbia/Former Yugoslavia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Military parades in <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> and the former <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> follow a close tradition that is significantly unique to the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan states">Balkan states</a>. Their usage of the high step instead of the more European <a href="/wiki/Goose_step" title="Goose step">goose step</a> is a notable display of heritage and tradition in their parades. The <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">Yugoslav People's Army</a> held its first military parade on <a href="/wiki/Bulevar_kralja_Aleksandra" title="Bulevar kralja Aleksandra">Bulevar revolucije</a> just days before the conclusion of the Second World War on <a href="/wiki/International_Workers_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="International Workers Day">International Workers Day</a>. Another parade on 20 October of that same year was held in honor of the one year anniversary of the end of the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgrade Offensive">Belgrade Offensive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Parada_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parada-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since then military parades in the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">SFRY</a> were held on the following dates and occasions: </p> <ul><li>1 May 1946</li> <li>19 October 1946</li> <li>1 May 1947</li> <li>1 May 1948</li> <li>1 May 1949</li> <li>1 May 1950</li> <li>1 May 1951</li> <li>1 May 1952</li> <li>1 May 1953</li> <li>1 May 1954</li> <li>1 May 1955</li> <li>1 May 1956</li> <li>1 May 1957</li> <li>1 May 1960</li> <li>1 May 1961</li> <li>1 May 1962</li> <li>1 May 1963</li> <li>1 May 1964</li> <li>9 May 1965</li> <li>9 May 1970</li> <li>9 May 1975 – It was the first parade to feature the high-stepping march style, which was instituted by <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Marshal Josip Broz Tito</a> to assert his <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">independence</a> from Soviet influence.</li> <li>9 May 1985 – The parade (branded as <i>Parade 85</i>) was the last victory parade before the break up of Yugoslavia in the early 90s. It was also significant as it was the first parade that was not presided by Marshal Tito as leader of Yugoslavia.</li></ul> <p>Outside of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Armed_Forces" title="Serbian Armed Forces">Serbian Armed Forces</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Army of the Republic of North Macedonia">Army of the Republic of North Macedonia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Montenegro" title="Armed Forces of Montenegro">Armed Forces of Montenegro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> still use the Serbian/Yugoslav parade format, as shown below. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Croatia">Croatia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Croatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Victory_Day_parade_in_Zagreb_20150804_DSC_1779.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Victory_Day_parade_in_Zagreb_20150804_DSC_1779.JPG/220px-Victory_Day_parade_in_Zagreb_20150804_DSC_1779.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Victory_Day_parade_in_Zagreb_20150804_DSC_1779.JPG/330px-Victory_Day_parade_in_Zagreb_20150804_DSC_1779.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Victory_Day_parade_in_Zagreb_20150804_DSC_1779.JPG/440px-Victory_Day_parade_in_Zagreb_20150804_DSC_1779.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4496" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(Croatia)" title="Victory Day (Croatia)">Victory Day</a> parade in <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> 2015, on 20 anniversary of its victorious <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a> .</figcaption></figure> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatian</a> military parade took place in the neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Jarun" title="Jarun">Jarun</a> on 30 May 1995, marking <a href="/wiki/Statehood_Day_(Croatia)" title="Statehood Day (Croatia)">Croatian Statehood Day</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another parade was held on the same date in 1997. </p><p>A special military parade of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Croatia" title="Armed Forces of Croatia">Armed Forces of Croatia</a> in honor of <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(Croatia)" title="Victory Day (Croatia)">Victory Day</a> was held on 4 August 2015 in <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, celebrating the twentieth anniversary of Operation Storm.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Lijepa_na%C5%A1a_domovino" title="Lijepa naša domovino">Lijepa naša domovino</a></i> (the national anthem) was notably performed by 12-year-old <a href="/wiki/Mia_Negoveti%C4%87" title="Mia Negovetić">Mia Negovetić</a>, accompanied by the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Armed_Forces_Band" title="Croatian Armed Forces Band">Croatian Armed Forces Band</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Navy" title="Croatian Navy">Croatian Navy</a>'s vocal ensemble.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Editorial_board" title="Editorial board">editorial board</a> of the Zagreb-based <i><a href="/wiki/Jutarnji_list" title="Jutarnji list">Jutarnji list</a></i> gave a positive review of the event and called for the introduction of regular parades on 4 August,<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas military analyst Igor Tabak criticized the inauthenticity of many "historical units".<sup id="cite_ref-tabak2_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tabak2-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="North_Macedonia">North Macedonia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: North Macedonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On Army Day in 2012, a parade at Ilinden Barracks in Skopje was held on the jubilee of the 20th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_North_Macedonia" title="Army of North Macedonia">Army of North Macedonia</a> led by the Chief of the General Staff, Major General Gorancho Koteski.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Serbia">Serbia</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Serbia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Military_Parade_Belgrade_2014_-_Serbian_Soldiers_with_Russian_Knights_-_The_Swifts_(15878267398).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Military_Parade_Belgrade_2014_-_Serbian_Soldiers_with_Russian_Knights_-_The_Swifts_%2815878267398%29.jpg/220px-Military_Parade_Belgrade_2014_-_Serbian_Soldiers_with_Russian_Knights_-_The_Swifts_%2815878267398%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Military_Parade_Belgrade_2014_-_Serbian_Soldiers_with_Russian_Knights_-_The_Swifts_%2815878267398%29.jpg/330px-Military_Parade_Belgrade_2014_-_Serbian_Soldiers_with_Russian_Knights_-_The_Swifts_%2815878267398%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Military_Parade_Belgrade_2014_-_Serbian_Soldiers_with_Russian_Knights_-_The_Swifts_%2815878267398%29.jpg/440px-Military_Parade_Belgrade_2014_-_Serbian_Soldiers_with_Russian_Knights_-_The_Swifts_%2815878267398%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5263" data-file-height="3558" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Guards_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Guards Unit">Serbian Guards Unit</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Military_Parade" title="Belgrade Military Parade">Belgrade Military Parade</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first massive parade in the Republic of Serbia took place on Liberation Day on 16 October 2014. Known commonly as the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Military_Parade" title="Belgrade Military Parade"><i>March of the Victor</i></a>, the parade took place on Nikola Tesla Boulevard and included 4,500 <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Army" title="Serbian Army">Serbian Army</a> troops, the Russian <a href="/wiki/Swifts_(aerobatic_team)" title="Swifts (aerobatic team)">Swifts aerobatic team</a> and even an appearance by Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> as the guest of honour.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar parades are still held annually.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 May 2019, the first <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_Parades" title="Victory Day Parades">Victory Day Parade</a> in close to 35 years was held in the city of <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a>. Branded as the "Defence of Freedom" show, the parade also included personnel of the <a href="/wiki/Police_of_Serbia" title="Police of Serbia">Police of Serbia</a>, which also marked the 20th anniversary of the Yugoslav resistance to the <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">NATO bombing of Yugoslavia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Singapore">Singapore</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Singapore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tiny city-state of Singapore has had a tradition of parades since the late 19th century thanks to the British presence as a colony of the Strait Settlements. The traditions of British Armed Forces formations in the island, which remained for more than a century till the last units left in the 1970s, have inspired the parade and ceremonial traditions and drill of the paramount uniformed organizations of the nation, the <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Armed_Forces" title="Singapore Armed Forces">Singapore Armed Forces</a> (established 1958) and the <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Police_Force" title="Singapore Police Force">Singapore Police Force</a> (established 1820). Until the 1960s, the King's/Queen's Birthday was marked by parades by the British Army, Royal Navy and Royal Air Force, as well as parades by the Australian and New Zealand Defence Forces. A special victory parade was held in late September 1945 to mark the victory over Japan and the conclusion of the Second World War. In those years, the <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Volunteer_Corps" title="Singapore Volunteer Corps">Singapore Volunteer Corps</a>, raised 1854, served as the local force representing the island in such events, a role it played for more than a century until the mid-1960s. </p><p>The first ever modern parade was held on 3 December 1959 to mark the inauguration of Singapore's second governor and first president <a href="/wiki/Yusof_Ishak" title="Yusof Ishak">Yusof Ishak</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the 1st battalion of the young <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Infantry_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Singapore Infantry Regiment">Singapore Infantry Regiment</a> in attendance at the historic city <a href="/wiki/Padang,_Singapore" title="Padang, Singapore">Padang</a> in front of historic <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_Singapore" title="National Gallery Singapore">National Gallery Singapore</a> complex, then City Hall, alongside the SPF, the then Singapore Fire Brigade (now the <a href="/wiki/Singapore_Civil_Defence_Force" title="Singapore Civil Defence Force">Singapore Civil Defence Force</a>), representatives of the British Armed Forces and the cadet organizations, as well as students from secondary and primary schools. The 1959 Inauguration Parade would set a precedent that would be seen in future parades held in the country, later inflused with elements from within Southeast Asia and abroad, as well as the already dominant Commonwealth tradition and the Padang would be seen as the place of big parades in the nation. Beginning 1960, parades were held on a set date nearest 3 June to mark National Day, at first in honor of the country's grant of self-governance as an independent Commonwealth realm in 1958–59.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It all ended in 1963 with the merger with Malaysia and the first Malaysia Day Parades were held at the Padang on 15–16 September 1963 to mark accession as a Malaysian state, and parades were held until 1964 on that day, 31 August and on 12 August, the governor's birthday. Late in 1963 an extraordinary Padang parade was held to mark the visit to the state of the then king of Malaysia, <a href="/wiki/Putra_of_Perlis" title="Putra of Perlis">Putra of Perlis</a>, which saw the participation of the 6th Battalion, Royal Malay Regiment. </p><p>On 9 August 1966 the inaugural <a href="/wiki/Singapore_National_Day_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Singapore National Day Parade">Singapore National Day Parade</a> was held at the Padang with President Ishak as guest of honor and principal guest, with the parade now using Malay language drill, a tradition inherited from the Malaysian Armed Forces, which replaced the English drill commands in 1963. 9 August was chosen to mark the date of the historic 1965 <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Singapore" title="Proclamation of Singapore">Proclamation of Singapore</a>. Since then the civil-military parade and the post-parade cultural, musical and gymnastic presentations following it have been synonymous with National Day commemorations, serving thus as the nation's principal national parade, at times one of the largest in all of Southeast Asia with occasional military mobile, sea and air columns. Today the Padang hosts the NDP every 5 years as a show of gratitude to that National Monument's place in the country's history, at other years the National Stadium and The Float @ Marina Bay (soon NS Square) have at times alternated as the venues of the parade. In 1975, 1977, 1979, 1981 and 1983 the parade was a localized event held in several sports stadiums. In 2019 the NDP was held at the Padang in a break from tradition to honor the Singapore Biccentenial.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A televised event produced by <a href="/wiki/Mediacorp" title="Mediacorp">Mediacorp</a>, it is also live streamed globally to millions online and features, together with the SAF, SPF and SCDF, the following organizations: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Checkpoints_Authority" title="Immigration and Checkpoints Authority">Immigration and Checkpoints Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Customs" title="Singapore Customs">Singapore Customs</a></li> <li>National Cadet Corps</li> <li>National Police Cadet Corps</li> <li>National Civil Defence Corps</li> <li>Singapore Scout Association</li> <li>Girl Guides</li> <li>Red Cross Youth</li> <li>St. John's Ambulance Brigade</li> <li>Boys Brigade Singapore</li> <li>Girls Brigade Singapore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAFRA_National_Service_Association" title="SAFRA National Service Association">SAFRA National Service Association</a></li> <li>Singaporean higher educational institutions</li> <li>Singaporean secondary schools</li> <li>People's Action Party and PAP Community Foundation</li> <li>National Trades Union Congress</li> <li>Contingents of government ministries</li> <li>Contingents of national statuory boards and state owned corporations</li> <li>Contingents of public and private NGOs</li> <li>Contingents of private local and foreign corporations</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_National_Olympic_Council" title="Singapore National Olympic Council">Singapore National Olympic Council</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sport_Singapore" title="Sport Singapore">Sport Singapore</a></li></ul> <p>Parades are also held in the following occasions: </p> <ul><li>15 February, Total Defence Day</li> <li>8 May, NPCC Day</li> <li>24 May, Police Day</li> <li>1 July, SAF Day</li> <li>11 November, Remembrance Day</li> <li>On the occasion of the inaugurations of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Singapore" title="President of Singapore">president of Singapore</a></li> <li>On the occasion of passing out parades of the <a href="/wiki/Basic_Military_Training_Centre" title="Basic Military Training Centre">Basic Military Training Centre</a>, Specialist Cadet School and Officer Cadet School</li> <li>Service and branch anniversaries</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tradition of military parades in South Africa traces its origin to the Netherlands, thru the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a>, and later on the United Kingdom. The combination of traditions from these two countries created a unique South African tradition that would be manifested in the public parades of today's <a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Defence_Force" title="South African National Defence Force">South African National Defence Force</a>, created 1912 on the basis of the former separate regional armed forces of the country and has been in its current form since 1994, infusing traditions from the armed forces of the former <a href="/wiki/Bantustans" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantustans">Bantustans</a> and the guerrilla forces of some of the political parties involved in South Africa until the 1990s. </p><p>Today, the parade held on Armed Forces Day held every 21 February serves as the principal military parade of the SANDF. It is a double anniversary of both the 1917 sinking of <a href="/wiki/SS_Mendi" title="SS Mendi">SS Mendi</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, which became the country's biggest military tragedy in history, and the 1994 reformation of the <a href="/wiki/South_Africa_Defence_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="South Africa Defence Force">South Africa Defence Force</a> into the current day SANDF. The national parade is held yearly in a set host city, with the service branches organizing celebrations yearly with a specific branch being tasked for the organization of the national celebrations, with responsibilities being changed year after year. Taking the salute is the <a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Africa" title="President of South Africa">president of South Africa</a>, who is commander in chief of the Forces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Turkey">Turkey</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Turkey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Turkish tradition of military parades was introduced in the 19th century as part of the Westernization and modernization of the army and navy of the then Ottoman Empire to modern standards of warfare and military ceremonial, a tradition carried on by the modern <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a>, whose parade drill includes high stepping, a tradition introduced in the 1900s. </p><p>Today parades held by the Turkish Armed Forces and its veterans are held in the following days: </p> <ul><li>April 23 – National Sovereignty and Children's Day</li> <li>May 19 – Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day</li> <li>August 30 – Victory Day, also principal holiday of the Armed Forces</li> <li>October 29 – Republic Day</li></ul> <p>The August 30 parade is the country's principal parade, and features vehicle and aviation elements, many of them nationally produced, in addition to the usual marchpast. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Army_celebrate_the_birthday_of_their_Queen._MOD_45162711.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/The_Army_celebrate_the_birthday_of_their_Queen._MOD_45162711.jpg/220px-The_Army_celebrate_the_birthday_of_their_Queen._MOD_45162711.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/The_Army_celebrate_the_birthday_of_their_Queen._MOD_45162711.jpg/330px-The_Army_celebrate_the_birthday_of_their_Queen._MOD_45162711.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/The_Army_celebrate_the_birthday_of_their_Queen._MOD_45162711.jpg/440px-The_Army_celebrate_the_birthday_of_their_Queen._MOD_45162711.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>The troops of the <a href="/wiki/Household_Division" title="Household Division">Household Division</a> during the 2017 <a href="/wiki/Trooping_the_Colour" title="Trooping the Colour">Trooping the Colour</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Guard_of_honour" title="Guard of honour">guard of honour</a> traditionally performs the march past for whoever received the salute. In the capital of <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, traditional ceremonial units that perform <a href="/wiki/Public_duties" title="Public duties">public duties</a> (the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Guard" title="King's Guard">King's Guard</a> for example) take part in military parades such as the more common <a href="/wiki/Trooping_the_Colour" title="Trooping the Colour">Trooping the Colour</a> on <a href="/wiki/Horse_Guards_Parade" title="Horse Guards Parade">Horse Guards Parade</a> and special parades during the jubilee years of the monarch in his or her capacity as commander-in-chief of the <a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">British Armed Forces</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Household_Cavalry" title="Household Cavalry">Household Cavalry</a> (Blues and Royals and Life Guards) traditionally perform trot pasts in mounted formation, together with the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Troop,_Royal_Horse_Artillery" title="King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery">King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery</a>. These units have been known to parade in slow and quick time. Personnel of the armed forces, cadet organizations, <a href="/wiki/The_Royal_British_Legion" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal British Legion">The Royal British Legion</a> and veterans' organizations also parade during national holidays such as <a href="/wiki/Remembrance_Day" title="Remembrance Day">Remembrance Day</a> or <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Day_(United_Kingdom)" title="Armed Forces Day (United Kingdom)">Armed Forces Day</a>, and in local <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_City" title="Freedom of the City">Freedom of the City</a> parades. Also common are passing out parades, which are held within training establishments of the armed services. During a regimental military parade, the <a href="/wiki/Regimental_marches_of_the_British_Army" title="Regimental marches of the British Army">regimental march of the unit</a> is played. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Bush_greets_General_H._Norman_Schwarzkopf_who_leads_the_Desert_Storm_Homecoming_Parade_in_Washington,_D.C_-_NARA_-_186434.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/President_Bush_greets_General_H._Norman_Schwarzkopf_who_leads_the_Desert_Storm_Homecoming_Parade_in_Washington%2C_D.C_-_NARA_-_186434.jpg/220px-President_Bush_greets_General_H._Norman_Schwarzkopf_who_leads_the_Desert_Storm_Homecoming_Parade_in_Washington%2C_D.C_-_NARA_-_186434.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/President_Bush_greets_General_H._Norman_Schwarzkopf_who_leads_the_Desert_Storm_Homecoming_Parade_in_Washington%2C_D.C_-_NARA_-_186434.jpg/330px-President_Bush_greets_General_H._Norman_Schwarzkopf_who_leads_the_Desert_Storm_Homecoming_Parade_in_Washington%2C_D.C_-_NARA_-_186434.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/President_Bush_greets_General_H._Norman_Schwarzkopf_who_leads_the_Desert_Storm_Homecoming_Parade_in_Washington%2C_D.C_-_NARA_-_186434.jpg/440px-President_Bush_greets_General_H._Norman_Schwarzkopf_who_leads_the_Desert_Storm_Homecoming_Parade_in_Washington%2C_D.C_-_NARA_-_186434.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2928" data-file-height="1995" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> greeting <a href="/wiki/Norman_Schwarzkopf_Jr." title="Norman Schwarzkopf Jr.">Norman Schwarzkopf Jr.</a> on the parade route.</figcaption></figure> <p>Military parades in the American capital are held quadrennially by servicemen of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a> during the <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration" title="United States presidential inauguration">presidential inaugural parade</a>. These are not considered to be regular military parades however, as the parading formations are actually not entirely composed of armed servicemen. </p><p>The first known organized military procession in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Review_of_the_Armies" title="Grand Review of the Armies">Grand Review of the Armies</a>, on May 23 and May 24, 1865, following the end of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> (1861–1865). The <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Victory_Parade_of_1946" title="New York City Victory Parade of 1946">New York City Victory Parade of 1946</a> was held in mid-January in 1946 to commemorate the conclusion of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and the Allied victory over the Axis Powers in all theaters of the war, helped by the service of millions of Americans who served under the armed forces and the National Guard, in addition to the state defense forces. In the late 40s and the early 50s, massive parades in honor of Army Day and later Armed Forces Day were held in the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recently held military parade was the <a href="/wiki/National_Victory_Celebration" title="National Victory Celebration">National Victory Celebration</a> on June 8, 1991, to celebrate the conclusion of <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. </p><p>In 2018, a national debate was sparked when President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> proposed to hold a <a href="/wiki/2018_Washington_Veterans_Day_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Washington Veterans Day Parade">military parade</a> on 10 November 2018 in honor of the Veterans Day holiday the next day, commonly known as the "Trump Military Parade". This was seen by most<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (December 2023)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> as expensive and authoritarian-like and by August of that year, the Department of Defense announced that the military parade would be postponed until 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2019 Fourth of July parade was the first attended by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> in his capacity as the constitutional commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces and the National Guard Bureau, with the parade route changed to include the <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Memorial" title="Lincoln Memorial">Lincoln Memorial</a> complex within the greater area around the National Mall.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also the first time since the 1950s where units aside from the guards of honor, also included cadets from the <a href="/wiki/Military_academies" class="mw-redirect" title="Military academies">military academies</a>, units of the Armed Forces and the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">National Guard</a> and the nationally produced <a href="/wiki/Military_equipment" class="mw-redirect" title="Military equipment">military equipment</a> of the services marching past in the national capital city in front of the members of government, <a href="/wiki/US_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="US Congress">Congress</a>, veterans and the people of the capital. </p><p>Annual military parades, as well as armed forces and veterans' participation in civil parades are held in the following days in major cities in the country, in areas with military installations and in state capitals: </p> <ul><li>March 29: Vietnam Veterans Day</li> <li>3rd Saturday of May: Armed Forces Day</li> <li>Last Monday of May: <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day" title="Memorial Day">Memorial Day</a></li> <li>14 June: Flag Day and Army Birthday</li> <li>4 July – United States Independence Day</li> <li>11 November – Veterans Day</li> <li>4th Thursday of November – Thanksgiving Day</li></ul> <p>Parades are also held within the military academies, high schools, bases and installations of the Armed Forces, as well as by <a href="/wiki/Junior_Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps" title="Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps">JROTC</a> and ROTC units, the National Guard's <a href="/wiki/Youth_Challenge_Program" title="Youth Challenge Program">Youth Challenge Program</a> and youth uniformed cadet organizations (Young Marines, American Cadet Alliance, <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Cadet_Corps" title="National Defense Cadet Corps">National Defense Cadet Corps</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Sea_Cadet_Corps" title="United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps">United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Navy_League_Cadet_Corps" title="Navy League Cadet Corps">Navy League Cadet Corps</a>)) on the following days aside from the aforementioned Army Birthday: </p> <ul><li>4 August: Coast Guard Day (United States Coast Guard)</li> <li>17 September: Air Force Day (United States Air Force)</li> <li>13 October: US Navy Birthday (United States Navy)</li> <li>27 October: Navy Day (United States Navy)</li> <li>10 November: Marine Corps Day (United States Marine Corps)</li> <li>13 December: National Guard Day (<a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">National Guard of the United States</a>)</li> <li>During a change of command, retirement and recruit and cadet graduation parades within the service branches of the armed forces and all military academies and high schools</li> <li>During unitwide anniversaries and remembrance days of important battles of the Armed Forces</li> <li>During holidays marked by each of the states and federal territories and major cities as well as in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> as can be permitted by the commander of the unit taking part</li> <li>During inauguration ceremonies of state governors and country, city and municipal chief executives</li></ul> <p>The typical presidential inaugural or holiday parade hosted in Washington, D.C., is hosted by the <a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">National Capital Region</a> of the Department of Defense, while local and state level parades are hosted by the local military installations and local area governments. </p><p>Alongside personnel and veterans of the Armed Forces and the National Guard Bureau and all others mentioned above, all active, reserve and retired state defense forces and naval militia personnel also take part in these parades in addition with, in local areas, personnel from the following organizations: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">U.S. Customs and Border Protection</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Border_Patrol" title="United States Border Patrol">United States Border Patrol</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service_Law_Enforcement_Rangers" title="National Park Service Law Enforcement Rangers">National Park Service Law Enforcement Rangers</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Park_Police" title="United States Park Police">United States Park Police</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a></li> <li>State police departments</li> <li>Local county sheriff's departments</li> <li>Local city and municipal police departments, including cadets of police academies</li> <li>State fire and emergency services</li> <li>Local county fire and emergency services</li> <li>Local city and municipal fire and emergency services</li> <li>Veterans of the local and state law enforcement, fire and emergency services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boy_Scouts_of_America" title="Boy Scouts of America">Boy Scouts of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Scouts_of_the_USA" title="Girl Scouts of the USA">Girl Scouts of the USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Cadet_Corps" title="Medical Cadet Corps">Medical Cadet Corps</a></li> <li>Other youth organizations</li> <li>Foreign armed forces veterans' organizations within the United States</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Venezuela">Venezuela</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Venezuelan_armed_forces.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Venezuelan_armed_forces.jpg/220px-Venezuelan_armed_forces.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Venezuelan_armed_forces.jpg/330px-Venezuelan_armed_forces.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Venezuelan_armed_forces.jpg/440px-Venezuelan_armed_forces.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Cadets of the <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Military_University_of_Venezuela" title="Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela">Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela</a> in their unique slow march in a military parade</figcaption></figure> <p>Full blown military parades by the <a href="/wiki/National_Bolivarian_Armed_Forces_of_Venezuela" title="National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela">National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela</a> together with the <a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_National_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan National Police">Venezuelan National Police</a> are held on the following days: </p> <ul><li>13 April, National Militia Day</li> <li>19 April, 19 April National Day</li> <li>24 June, Army Day</li> <li>5 July, <a href="/wiki/Caracas_Independence_Day_parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Caracas Independence Day parade">Independence Day</a></li> <li>24 July, Navy Day (including the occasional fleet review)</li> <li>7 August, National Guard Day</li> <li>27 November, Air Force Day</li> <li>During change of command, retirement and recruit and cadet graduation parades within the service branches of the armed forces and all military academies and high schools</li> <li>Following the presidential inauguration ceremony every 6 years in Caracas</li></ul> <p>Taking part on these parades are active duty and reserve personnel of the NBAF and its service branches, and these are a mix of the German, British and later on Chinese and Russian traditions. </p><p>In August 2018, during a military parade and ceremony on the <a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan National Guard">Venezuelan National Guard</a>'s 81st anniversary, President <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Nicolás Maduro</a> was targeted in a <a href="/wiki/Caracas_drone_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Caracas drone attack">drone attack</a>, which left him unharmed, and left 8–9 people injured. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vietnam">Vietnam</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qu%C3%A2n_%C4%91%E1%BB%99i_di%E1%BB%85u_h%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_l%E1%BB%85.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Qu%C3%A2n_%C4%91%E1%BB%99i_di%E1%BB%85u_h%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_l%E1%BB%85.jpg/210px-Qu%C3%A2n_%C4%91%E1%BB%99i_di%E1%BB%85u_h%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_l%E1%BB%85.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Qu%C3%A2n_%C4%91%E1%BB%99i_di%E1%BB%85u_h%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_l%E1%BB%85.jpg/315px-Qu%C3%A2n_%C4%91%E1%BB%99i_di%E1%BB%85u_h%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_l%E1%BB%85.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Qu%C3%A2n_%C4%91%E1%BB%99i_di%E1%BB%85u_h%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_l%E1%BB%85.jpg/420px-Qu%C3%A2n_%C4%91%E1%BB%99i_di%E1%BB%85u_h%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_l%E1%BB%85.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption>The People's Army of Vietnam is marching for the <a href="/wiki/Millennial_Anniversary_of_Hanoi" title="Millennial Anniversary of Hanoi">Millennial Anniversary of Hanoi</a> in 2010</figcaption></figure> <p>As a former French territorial possession, Vietnam hosts a number of military parades with a combination of French, Russian and Chinese drill featuring the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Army_of_Vietnam" title="People's Army of Vietnam">People's Army of Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_People%27s_Public_Security" title="Vietnam People's Public Security">Vietnam People's Public Security</a> on the following dates: </p> <ul><li>April 30, Reunification Day and Conclusion of the Vietnam War Anniversary</li> <li>May 1, International Workers' Day and Air Force Day</li> <li>May 7, Victory Day in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dien_Bien_Phu" title="Battle of Dien Bien Phu">Battle of Dien Bien Phu</a> and Navy Day</li> <li>August 19, August Revolution Day and People's Public Security Day</li> <li>September 2, Independence Day and Victory Over Japan Day</li> <li>October 10, Capital Liberation Day</li> <li>December 22, People's Army Day</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/At_attention" title="At attention">At attention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_band" title="Military band">Military band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parade" title="Parade">Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_commands" title="Drill commands">Drill commands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exhibition_drill" title="Exhibition drill">Exhibition drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_(music)" title="March (music)">March (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Day" title="Police Day">Police Day</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMilitary.com2021" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KronikaRP&rft.atitle=Polish+Chronicle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kronikarp.pl%2Fpop-up.php%3Fid%3D58989%26type%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phistory.info/photo-history/679-rycari-v-kinorekvizite-uchastvuyut-v-parade-v-chest-1000-letiya-polskogo-gosudarstva.html">"Knights (in Film Props) Participate in a Parade in Honor of the 1000th Anniversary of the Polish State"</a>. <i>phistory.info</i> (in Russian). 2019-07-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=phistory.info&rft.atitle=Knights+%28in+Film+Props%29+Participate+in+a+Parade+in+Honor+of+the+1000th+Anniversary+of+the+Polish+State&rft.date=2019-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphistory.info%2Fphoto-history%2F679-rycari-v-kinorekvizite-uchastvuyut-v-parade-v-chest-1000-letiya-polskogo-gosudarstva.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.impact.ro/unde-a-fost-organizata-ultima-defilare-de-23-august-la-care-a-participat-nicolae-ceausescu-chiar-el-proiectase-cladirea-77559.html">"Unde a fost organizată ultima defilare de 23 august la care a participat Nicolae Ceaușescu. Chiar el proiectase clădirea"</a>. August 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unde+a+fost+organizat%C4%83+ultima+defilare+de+23+august+la+care+a+participat+Nicolae+Ceau%C8%99escu.+Chiar+el+proiectase+cl%C4%83direa&rft.date=2020-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.impact.ro%2Funde-a-fost-organizata-ultima-defilare-de-23-august-la-care-a-participat-nicolae-ceausescu-chiar-el-proiectase-cladirea-77559.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zf.ro/eveniment/parada-de-1-decembrie-ce-pregateste-ministerul-apararii-18626283">"Parada de 1 Decembrie: Ce pregăteşte ministerul Apărării"</a>. <i>ZF.ro</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZF.ro&rft.atitle=Parada+de+1+Decembrie%3A+Ce+preg%C4%83te%C5%9Fte+ministerul+Ap%C4%83r%C4%83rii&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zf.ro%2Feveniment%2Fparada-de-1-decembrie-ce-pregateste-ministerul-apararii-18626283&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opiniatimisoarei.ro/ce-facem-de-1-decembrie-la-timisoara-mergem-la-parada-militara-la-targul-de-craciun-si-la-concerte-atentie-s-au-schimbat-orele-evenimentelor-fata-de-alti-ani-iata-intreg-programul-de-ziua-nationa-2/22/11/2019">"Ce facem de 1 Decembrie la Timisoara: mergem la parada militara, la Targul de Craciun si la concerte. Atentie, s-au schimbat orele evenimentelor fata de alti ani! Iata intreg programul de Ziua Nationala | OpiniaTimisoarei.ro"</a>. <i>www.opiniatimisoarei.ro</i>. 22 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.opiniatimisoarei.ro&rft.atitle=Ce+facem+de+1+Decembrie+la+Timisoara%3A+mergem+la+parada+militara%2C+la+Targul+de+Craciun+si+la+concerte.+Atentie%2C+s-au+schimbat+orele+evenimentelor+fata+de+alti+ani%21+Iata+intreg+programul+de+Ziua+Nationala+%26%23124%3B+OpiniaTimisoarei.ro&rft.date=2019-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opiniatimisoarei.ro%2Fce-facem-de-1-decembrie-la-timisoara-mergem-la-parada-militara-la-targul-de-craciun-si-la-concerte-atentie-s-au-schimbat-orele-evenimentelor-fata-de-alti-ani-iata-intreg-programul-de-ziua-nationa-2%2F22%2F11%2F2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160808084317/http://www.1tv.am/hy/news/2015/07/10/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B6/19710">"Talking Monuments. Statue of Lenin"</a>. <i>1tv.am</i> (in Armenian). 2015-10-07. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1tv.am/hy/news/2015/07/10/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B6/19710">the original</a> on 2016-08-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goethe.de/ins/lt/pro/goingpublic/Shirokanova_Politics_of_Identity.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-08-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Making+Sense+of+the+Post-Soviet+Capital%3A+Politics+of+Identity+in+the+City+of+Minsk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145142567%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Anna+Shirokanova&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goethe.de%2Fins%2Flt%2Fpro%2Fgoingpublic%2FShirokanova_Politics_of_Identity.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.e-cis.info/news.php?id=12206">"Интернет портал СНГ. 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May 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Civil+Georgia&rft.atitle=Georgia+Celebrates+Independence+Day&rft.date=2002-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcivil.ge%2Feng%2Farticle.php%3Fid%3D1932%26search%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=22339&search=">"Military Parade Marks Independence Day"</a>. <i>Civil Georgia</i>. 26 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ng.kz&rft.atitle=%D0%9D%D0%93%3A+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%B7%D0%B0+15+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82+%22%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%22+%D0%B2+%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ng.kz%2Fmodules%2Fnews%2Farticle.php%3Fstoryid%3D18200%26start%3D30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBedenko2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bedenko, Grigory (2018-05-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://informburo.kz/stati/kak-proshyol-boevoy-parad-2018-fotoreportazh.html">"How was the Battle Parade 2018. Photoreport"</a>. <i>Informburo.kz</i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=amp.dw.com&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%22%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%22+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famp.dw.com%2Fru%2F%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F-%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%2589%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0-%25D1%2582%25D1%258E%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B9-%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%258E%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25B2-%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8%2Fa-1943616&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.golos-ameriki.ru/amp/a-33-2006-04-03-voa5/638201.html">"Тюльпановая революция в Кыргызстане: год спустя"</a>. <i>www.golos-ameriki.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.golos-ameriki.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%3A+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4+%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.golos-ameriki.ru%2Famp%2Fa-33-2006-04-03-voa5%2F638201.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6fcVAQAAMAAJ&q=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4,+%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BA"><i>Kyrgyzstan: A-Bazarkorgon</i></a> (in Kyrgyz). Mamlekettik til zhana entsiklopediia borboru. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9967-14-046-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-9967-14-046-2"><bdi>978-9967-14-046-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kyrgyzstan%3A+A-Bazarkorgon&rft.pub=Mamlekettik+til+zhana+entsiklopediia+borboru&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-9967-14-046-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6fcVAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D%25D0%2590%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%2B%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%2C%2B%25D0%2591%25D0%25B8%25D1%2588%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/1068556.html">"Kyrgyz Opposition, Military Vie For Venue"</a>. <i>Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</i>. 2 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Europe%2FRadio+Liberty&rft.atitle=Kyrgyz+Opposition%2C+Military+Vie+For+Venue&rft.date=2012-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2F1068556.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regnum.ru/news/polit/1922892.html">"В столице Киргизии состоялся парад Победы"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5+%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregnum.ru%2Fnews%2Fpolit%2F1922892.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.la.lv/foto-militaras-parades-latvija-cauri-laikiem/">"Foto: Militārās parādes Latvijā cauri laikiem"</a>. <i>LA.LV</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LA.LV&rft.atitle=Foto%3A+Milit%C4%81r%C4%81s+par%C4%81des+Latvij%C4%81+cauri+laikiem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.la.lv%2Ffoto-militaras-parades-latvija-cauri-laikiem%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFСалджюнас" class="citation web cs1">Салджюнас, Вайдас. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.delfi.lt/a/79667671">"В субботу в Вильнюсе состоится военный парад"</a>. <i>DELFI</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DELFI&rft.atitle=%D0%92+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83+%D0%B2+%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8E%D1%81%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4&rft.aulast=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81&rft.aufirst=%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.delfi.lt%2Fa%2F79667671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLordBenas2008" class="citation cs2">LordBenas (2008-05-24), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=arDpzcWhxlg"><i>1989 sovietinis paradas Gedimino prospektu.</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-20</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1989+sovietinis+paradas+Gedimino+prospektu.&rft.date=2008-05-24&rft.au=LordBenas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DarDpzcWhxlg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead YouTube link tagged February 2022">dead YouTube link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukrweekly.com/archive/1990/The_Ukrainian_Weekly_1990-45.pdf">"Revolution Day Parade turns violent in Vilnius"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Ukrainian Weekly</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Ukrainian+Weekly&rft.atitle=Revolution+Day+Parade+turns+violent+in+Vilnius&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fukrweekly.com%2Farchive%2F1990%2FThe_Ukrainian_Weekly_1990-45.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.en.delfi.lt/article.php?id=76436955">"Lithuania celebrating Armed Forces Day"</a>. <i>DELFI</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DELFI&rft.atitle=Lithuania+celebrating+Armed+Forces+Day&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.en.delfi.lt%2Farticle.php%3Fid%3D76436955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://kam.lt/lt/atkurtai_lietuvos_kariuomenei-100/karinis_paradas.html">https://kam.lt/lt/atkurtai_lietuvos_kariuomenei-100/karinis_paradas.html</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181101101838/https://kam.lt/lt/atkurtai_lietuvos_kariuomenei-100.html">"Lietuvos Respublikos krašto apsaugos ministerija :: Atkurtai Lietuvos kariuomenei – 100"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kam.lt/lt/atkurtai_lietuvos_kariuomenei-100.html">the original</a> on 2018-11-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lietuvos+Respublikos+kra%C5%A1to+apsaugos+ministerija+%3A%3A+Atkurtai+Lietuvos+kariuomenei+%E2%80%93+100&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkam.lt%2Flt%2Fatkurtai_lietuvos_kariuomenei-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/235169/tokio-parado-dar-nematete-beveik-2-tukst-kariu-desimtys-karines-technikos-vienetu">"Tokio parado dar nematėte: beveik 2 tūkst. karių, dešimtys karinės technikos vienetų"</a>. <i>lrt.lt</i>. Nov 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lrt.lt&rft.atitle=Tokio+parado+dar+nemat%C4%97te%3A+beveik+2+t%C5%ABkst.+kari%C5%B3%2C+de%C5%A1imtys+karin%C4%97s+technikos+vienet%C5%B3&rft.date=2018-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrt.lt%2Fnaujienos%2Flietuvoje%2F2%2F235169%2Ftokio-parado-dar-nematete-beveik-2-tukst-kariu-desimtys-karines-technikos-vienetu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://komentaras.lt/karinis-paradas-vilniuje-jau-kita-savaite/">"Karinis paradas Vilniuje | Karštas Komentaras"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Karinis+paradas+Vilniuje+%7C+Kar%C5%A1tas+Komentaras&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkomentaras.lt%2Fkarinis-paradas-vilniuje-jau-kita-savaite%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwNlD1AyTkw"><i>Soviet Military Parade | Day of Tankmen, 8 September 1946</i></a>, 3 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-13</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Soviet+Military+Parade+%7C+Day+of+Tankmen%2C+8+September+1946&rft.date=2019-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DUwNlD1AyTkw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tramuk.ru/novosti/obshchestvo/2967-voennyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshchadi-osobyj-simvol-rossii.html">"Военный парад на Красной площади – особый символ России"</a>. <i>tramuk.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tramuk.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8+%E2%80%93+%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftramuk.ru%2Fnovosti%2Fobshchestvo%2F2967-voennyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshchadi-osobyj-simvol-rossii.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">7 November was a major holiday in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> commemorating the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a>. In 1941, the troops that took part in the annual parade were sent from the <a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a> directly to the front line which was situated less than a hundred kilometers from Moscow.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180125193640/http://calendr.net/holiday/1731">"Day of military glory of Russia – The day of the military parade on Red Square in 1941"</a>. <i>calendr.net</i>. 2018-01-25. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://calendr.net/holiday/1731">the original</a> on 2018-01-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=calendr.net&rft.atitle=Day+of+military+glory+of+Russia+%E2%80%93+The+day+of+the+military+parade+on+Red+Square+in+1941&rft.date=2018-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcalendr.net%2Fholiday%2F1731&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShermatov2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shermatov, Gafur (2016-10-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190528103450/https://news.tj/ru/node/232186">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We were greeted as relatives.' From the Red Army to the military base"</a>. <i>Tajikistan News</i> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.tj/ru/node/232186">the original</a> on 2019-05-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Trump%27s+military+parade+is+postponed+until+2019&rft.date=2018-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FPolitics%2Ftrumps-military-parade-estimated-cost-92-million%2Fstory%3Fid%3D57218363&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSisk2019" class="citation web cs1">Sisk, Richard (June 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.military.com/daily-news/2019/06/20/president-trump-finally-get-his-military-parade-july-4.html">"President Trump to Finally Get His Military Parade on July 4"</a>. <i>Military.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Military.com&rft.atitle=President+Trump+to+Finally+Get+His+Military+Parade+on+July+4&rft.date=2019-06-20&rft.aulast=Sisk&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.military.com%2Fdaily-news%2F2019%2F06%2F20%2Fpresident-trump-finally-get-his-military-parade-july-4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/trump-s-desired-military-parade-analysts-blast-plan-north-korea-n845626">"Analysts blast Trump's desired military parade as 'North Korea-style' event"</a>. <i>NBC News</i>. 7 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Analysts+blast+Trump%27s+desired+military+parade+as+%27North+Korea-style%27+event&rft.date=2018-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Ftrump-s-desired-military-parade-analysts-blast-plan-north-korea-n845626&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker2019" class="citation news cs1">Baker, Peter (June 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/05/us/politics/trump-4th-of-july.html">"Trump Sets Off Fireworks of a Different Sort With Fourth of July Speech Plan"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Sets+Off+Fireworks+of+a+Different+Sort+With+Fourth+of+July+Speech+Plan&rft.date=2019-06-05&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F06%2F05%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-4th-of-july.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMilitary+parade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&oldid=1255964481">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Military_parade&oldid=1255964481</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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