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class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35662611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Cognition"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/AijaKoskela","location":"/AijaKoskela","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/AijaKoskela","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Comparative Cognition"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-02e309c8-3a3c-4c84-9c23-e664c80abde3"></div> <div 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data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-28b8b629-1be3-4120-9796-cf9dbeaa13fa"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-28b8b629-1be3-4120-9796-cf9dbeaa13fa"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Aija Koskela</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624235"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624235/Dog_Owner_Relationship_Owner_Interpretations_and_Dog_Personality_Are_Connected_with_the_Emotional_Reactivity_of_Dogs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dog–Owner Relationship, Owner Interpretations and Dog Personality Are Connected with the Emotional Reactivity of Dogs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98471210/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624235/Dog_Owner_Relationship_Owner_Interpretations_and_Dog_Personality_Are_Connected_with_the_Emotional_Reactivity_of_Dogs">Dog–Owner Relationship, Owner Interpretations and Dog Personality Are Connected with the Emotional Reactivity of Dogs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Animals</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We evaluated the effect of the dog–owner relationship on dogs’ emotional reactivity, quantified w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We evaluated the effect of the dog–owner relationship on dogs’ emotional reactivity, quantified with heart rate variability (HRV), behavioral changes, physical activity and dog owner interpretations. Twenty nine adult dogs encountered five different emotional situations (i.e., stroking, a feeding toy, separation from the owner, reunion with the owner, a sudden appearance of a novel object). The results showed that both negative and positive situations provoked signs of heightened arousal in dogs. During negative situations, owners’ ratings about the heightened emotional arousal correlated with lower HRV, higher physical activity and more behaviors that typically index arousal and fear. The three factors of The Monash Dog–Owner Relationship Scale (MDORS) were reflected in the dogs’ heart rate variability and behaviors: the Emotional Closeness factor was related to increased HRV (p = 0.009), suggesting this aspect is associated with the secure base effect, and the Shared Activities fa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c5fa5d52ac033100b36dccd046615de3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98471210,"asset_id":96624235,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471210/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624235"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624235"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624235; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624235]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624235]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624235; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624235']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624235, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c5fa5d52ac033100b36dccd046615de3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624235]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624235,"title":"Dog–Owner Relationship, Owner Interpretations and Dog Personality Are Connected with the Emotional Reactivity of Dogs","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We evaluated the effect of the dog–owner relationship on dogs’ emotional reactivity, quantified with heart rate variability (HRV), behavioral changes, physical activity and dog owner interpretations. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624234"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624234/Facial_expressions_modulate_scanning_pattern_in_domestic_dogs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Facial expressions modulate scanning pattern in domestic dogs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624234/Facial_expressions_modulate_scanning_pattern_in_domestic_dogs">Facial expressions modulate scanning pattern in domestic dogs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>the 4th Canine Science Forum</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624234"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624234"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624234; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624232"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624232/Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Data from: Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624232/Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction">Data from: Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but compa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs&#39; visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs&#39; gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624232"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624232"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624232; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624232]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624232]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624232; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624232']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624232, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624232]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624232,"title":"Data from: Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs\u0026#39; visual attention to social scenes. 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Dogs\u0026#39; gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96624232/Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-02-09T13:18:03.790-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":35662611,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs\u0026#39; visual attention to social scenes. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624226"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624226/The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The effect of a pressure vest on the behaviour, salivary cortisol and urine oxytocin of noise phobic dogs in a controlled test" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98471243/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624226/The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test">The effect of a pressure vest on the behaviour, salivary cortisol and urine oxytocin of noise phobic dogs in a controlled test</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Animal Behaviour Science</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. Commercial treatment vests have been...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. Commercial treatment vests have been tested on dogs to relieve noise phobia, and peripheral oxytocin has been suggested to be one of the stressrelieving mediators. The effect of vests has not, however, been tested in a controlled situation. We tested whether individually customized vests, have an effect on behaviour of severely noise phobic dogs in a double-blinded experiment, where dogs are exposed to loud noises. We also investigated the possible effect of pressure by using two types of vests; a deep pressure vest (DEEP, c. 10-12 mmHg) and a light pressure vest (LIGHT, c. 2-3 mmHg). In addition to behaviour, we studied if the pressure vest has an effect on urine oxytocin level and on saliva cortisol levels. A total of 28 dogs (2-11 years), both female (18) and male (10), were recruited via an ongoing study on the genetic background of noise sensitivity by the Finnish Canine Genetic Research Group. Each dog was tested three times either without vest (CONTROL) or with DEEP or LIGHT vests in a semi-randomized order. The dogsí behaviour was video recorded for 6 min, including three 2 min intervals: pre-noise, noise (70-73 dB firework sound) and recovery. Behavioural parameters included activity, body and tail postures, vocalization, and time spent near owner. Saliva samples were collected twice before and twice after the noise test. Urine samples for oxytocin analyses were collected when the deep pressure vest was first fitted: before dressing the dog and 30 min later. The DEEP vest reduced the lying time of the dogs during the noise interval. During the noise interval total lying time with any vest correlated positively with saliva cortisol, measured after noise interval, indicating that the increased lying time was a sign of a higher stress level in the dogs. Wearing either vests increased the time the dogs spent near their owners during noise interval. Time spent near the owner when wearing the DEEP vest during the recovery interval correlated positively with the urine oxytocin. These results indicate oxytocin might be related to the dogís tendency to seek owner support and the vests might effect this behaviour positively. We did not find a clear therapeutic effect of using pressure vests in noise phobic dogs. However, our results indicate the pressure vest might reduce the acute stress reaction and speed up the recovery after stress.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="38aa2e2676b6f70a550259319a330554" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98471243,"asset_id":96624226,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471243/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624226"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624226"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624226; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624226]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624226]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624226; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624226']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624226, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "38aa2e2676b6f70a550259319a330554" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624226]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624226,"title":"The effect of a pressure vest on the behaviour, salivary cortisol and urine oxytocin of noise phobic dogs in a controlled test","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","ai_title_tag":"Effects of Pressure Vests on Noise-Phobic Dogs' Behavior and Stress","grobid_abstract":"Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. Commercial treatment vests have been tested on dogs to relieve noise phobia, and peripheral oxytocin has been suggested to be one of the stressrelieving mediators. The effect of vests has not, however, been tested in a controlled situation. We tested whether individually customized vests, have an effect on behaviour of severely noise phobic dogs in a double-blinded experiment, where dogs are exposed to loud noises. We also investigated the possible effect of pressure by using two types of vests; a deep pressure vest (DEEP, c. 10-12 mmHg) and a light pressure vest (LIGHT, c. 2-3 mmHg). In addition to behaviour, we studied if the pressure vest has an effect on urine oxytocin level and on saliva cortisol levels. A total of 28 dogs (2-11 years), both female (18) and male (10), were recruited via an ongoing study on the genetic background of noise sensitivity by the Finnish Canine Genetic Research Group. Each dog was tested three times either without vest (CONTROL) or with DEEP or LIGHT vests in a semi-randomized order. The dogsí behaviour was video recorded for 6 min, including three 2 min intervals: pre-noise, noise (70-73 dB firework sound) and recovery. Behavioural parameters included activity, body and tail postures, vocalization, and time spent near owner. Saliva samples were collected twice before and twice after the noise test. Urine samples for oxytocin analyses were collected when the deep pressure vest was first fitted: before dressing the dog and 30 min later. The DEEP vest reduced the lying time of the dogs during the noise interval. During the noise interval total lying time with any vest correlated positively with saliva cortisol, measured after noise interval, indicating that the increased lying time was a sign of a higher stress level in the dogs. Wearing either vests increased the time the dogs spent near their owners during noise interval. Time spent near the owner when wearing the DEEP vest during the recovery interval correlated positively with the urine oxytocin. These results indicate oxytocin might be related to the dogís tendency to seek owner support and the vests might effect this behaviour positively. We did not find a clear therapeutic effect of using pressure vests in noise phobic dogs. However, our results indicate the pressure vest might reduce the acute stress reaction and speed up the recovery after stress.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":98471243},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96624226/The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-02-09T13:18:03.206-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":35662611,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98471243,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98471243/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1_s2.0_S0168159116302660_main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471243/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_beh.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98471243/1_s2.0_S0168159116302660_main-libre.pdf?1675977588=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_beh.pdf\u0026Expires=1734000772\u0026Signature=Kraaf-8PkMVdwnDdqfGEoT4AIF4IYN2N-B8zBmZwyuG09FX8U69fEqaN~3qt2t2gVhji8f2LkGVv3oZnkIunzxgfZAtEMX84lr4wLGbJP9VyxfZ5mkpDA2NG1nevpz1uAavfc18RyV1iNtj6VdyJlwA~iCXTtpmbRziDS1UcwURSDHcSUps00J17avLxDHutqyqtYy7hO0XNBBCAhq99IyWZz1adP3fwMM6BcfghHwkawgPLOMR3I8kgzQ~6qDKLysfslQfgp3d6FDMNW23cxZjlQYQ6fYRHauIR8LUAem92haWkmLt8TAPQs9C6yZATxZDtMlQgNXSlv0zVZ3FSMg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. Commercial treatment vests have been tested on dogs to relieve noise phobia, and peripheral oxytocin has been suggested to be one of the stressrelieving mediators. The effect of vests has not, however, been tested in a controlled situation. We tested whether individually customized vests, have an effect on behaviour of severely noise phobic dogs in a double-blinded experiment, where dogs are exposed to loud noises. We also investigated the possible effect of pressure by using two types of vests; a deep pressure vest (DEEP, c. 10-12 mmHg) and a light pressure vest (LIGHT, c. 2-3 mmHg). In addition to behaviour, we studied if the pressure vest has an effect on urine oxytocin level and on saliva cortisol levels. A total of 28 dogs (2-11 years), both female (18) and male (10), were recruited via an ongoing study on the genetic background of noise sensitivity by the Finnish Canine Genetic Research Group. Each dog was tested three times either without vest (CONTROL) or with DEEP or LIGHT vests in a semi-randomized order. The dogsí behaviour was video recorded for 6 min, including three 2 min intervals: pre-noise, noise (70-73 dB firework sound) and recovery. Behavioural parameters included activity, body and tail postures, vocalization, and time spent near owner. Saliva samples were collected twice before and twice after the noise test. Urine samples for oxytocin analyses were collected when the deep pressure vest was first fitted: before dressing the dog and 30 min later. The DEEP vest reduced the lying time of the dogs during the noise interval. During the noise interval total lying time with any vest correlated positively with saliva cortisol, measured after noise interval, indicating that the increased lying time was a sign of a higher stress level in the dogs. Wearing either vests increased the time the dogs spent near their owners during noise interval. Time spent near the owner when wearing the DEEP vest during the recovery interval correlated positively with the urine oxytocin. These results indicate oxytocin might be related to the dogís tendency to seek owner support and the vests might effect this behaviour positively. We did not find a clear therapeutic effect of using pressure vests in noise phobic dogs. 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Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs&#39; gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, whic...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cb9bb77d841a6d0a540b8b00e4ca0170" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98471207,"asset_id":96624225,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471207/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624225"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624225]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624225']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624225, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cb9bb77d841a6d0a540b8b00e4ca0170" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624225]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624225,"title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs\u0026#39; visual attention to social scenes. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624166"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624166/Infrared_thermography_as_a_non_invasive_tool_for_quantifying_emotional_arousal_in_rats_dogs_and_elephants_Recent_findings_and_methodological_aspects"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Infrared thermography as a non-invasive tool for quantifying emotional arousal in rats, dogs and elephants: Recent findings and methodological aspects" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624166/Infrared_thermography_as_a_non_invasive_tool_for_quantifying_emotional_arousal_in_rats_dogs_and_elephants_Recent_findings_and_methodological_aspects">Infrared thermography as a non-invasive tool for quantifying emotional arousal in rats, dogs and elephants: Recent findings and methodological aspects</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624166"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624166"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624166; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="16464360"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/16464360/Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39005721/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/16464360/Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction">Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/HeiniT%C3%B6rnqvist">Heini Törnqvist</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AijaKoskela">Aija Koskela</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/OutiVainio">Outi Vainio</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/MiiamaariaVKujala">Miiamaaria V. Kujala</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but compa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing<br />behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar<br />conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs’ visual<br />attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze<br />of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans<br />or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results<br />were compared with equivalent data measured from humans.<br />Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog<br />and two human populations with different social experiences:<br />family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs’<br />gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed<br />longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social<br />images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog<br />than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed<br />longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction<br />images. Both species also made more saccades between actors<br />in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate<br />that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be<br />more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the<br />images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than<br />family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not<br />differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli<br />remains similar regardless of social experiences.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="369904f57341f5bbb4d2024e090bba5c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39005721,"asset_id":16464360,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39005721/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="16464360"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16464360"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16464360; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16464360]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16464360]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16464360; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='16464360']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16464360, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "369904f57341f5bbb4d2024e090bba5c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=16464360]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":16464360,"title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing\nbehaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar\nconditions are rare, and little is known about dogs’ visual\nattention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze\nof dogs while they viewed images containing two humans\nor dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results\nwere compared with equivalent data measured from humans.\nFurthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog\nand two human populations with different social experiences:\nfamily and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs’\ngazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed\nlonger at the actors in social interaction than in non-social\nimages. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog\nthan human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed\nlonger at the actors in human than dog social interaction\nimages. Both species also made more saccades between actors\nin images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate\nthat processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be\nmore demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the\nimages very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than\nfamily dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not\ndiffer, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli\nremains similar regardless of social experiences."},"translated_abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing\nbehaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar\nconditions are rare, and little is known about dogs’ visual\nattention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze\nof dogs while they viewed images containing two humans\nor dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results\nwere compared with equivalent data measured from humans.\nFurthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog\nand two human populations with different social experiences:\nfamily and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs’\ngazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed\nlonger at the actors in social interaction than in non-social\nimages. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog\nthan human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed\nlonger at the actors in human than dog social interaction\nimages. Both species also made more saccades between actors\nin images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate\nthat processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be\nmore demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the\nimages very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than\nfamily dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not\ndiffer, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli\nremains similar regardless of social experiences.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16464360/Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-10-04T23:42:53.073-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":658743,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":6689764,"work_id":16464360,"tagging_user_id":658743,"tagged_user_id":5064678,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***i@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Helsinki","display_order":0,"name":"Sanni Somppi","title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction"},{"id":6689765,"work_id":16464360,"tagging_user_id":658743,"tagged_user_id":35662611,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***a@helsinki.fi","display_order":4194304,"name":"Aija Koskela","title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction"},{"id":6689766,"work_id":16464360,"tagging_user_id":658743,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":992918,"email":"c***e@helsinki.fi","display_order":6291456,"name":"Christina M. 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Kujala</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but compa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs' visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs' gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="16395382"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16395382"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16395382; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16395382]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16395382]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16395382; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='16395382']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16395382, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=16395382]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":16395382,"title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs' visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs' gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences."},"translated_abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs' visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs' gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16395382/Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-10-02T03:07:02.525-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":315519,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":6571457,"work_id":16395382,"tagging_user_id":315519,"tagged_user_id":658743,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"h***t@helsinki.fi","affiliation":"University of Helsinki","display_order":-5,"name":"Heini Törnqvist","title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction"},{"id":6571458,"work_id":16395382,"tagging_user_id":315519,"tagged_user_id":5064678,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***i@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Helsinki","display_order":-4,"name":"Sanni Somppi","title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction"},{"id":6571459,"work_id":16395382,"tagging_user_id":315519,"tagged_user_id":35662611,"co_author_invite_id":1463581,"email":"a***a@helsinki.fi","display_order":-3,"name":"Aija Koskela","title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction"},{"id":6571463,"work_id":16395382,"tagging_user_id":315519,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":992918,"email":"c***e@helsinki.fi","display_order":-2,"name":"Christina M. Krause","title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction"},{"id":6571460,"work_id":16395382,"tagging_user_id":315519,"tagged_user_id":33588705,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"o***o@helsinki.fi","affiliation":"University of Helsinki","display_order":-1,"name":"Outi Vainio","title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs' visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs' gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences.","owner":{"id":315519,"first_name":"Miiamaaria","middle_initials":"V .","last_name":"Kujala","page_name":"MiiamaariaKujala","domain_name":"jyu","created_at":"2011-01-24T17:06:32.021-08:00","display_name":"Miiamaaria V . 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Twenty nine adult dogs encountered five different emotional situations (i.e., stroking, a feeding toy, separation from the owner, reunion with the owner, a sudden appearance of a novel object). The results showed that both negative and positive situations provoked signs of heightened arousal in dogs. During negative situations, owners’ ratings about the heightened emotional arousal correlated with lower HRV, higher physical activity and more behaviors that typically index arousal and fear. The three factors of The Monash Dog–Owner Relationship Scale (MDORS) were reflected in the dogs’ heart rate variability and behaviors: the Emotional Closeness factor was related to increased HRV (p = 0.009), suggesting this aspect is associated with the secure base effect, and the Shared Activities fa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c5fa5d52ac033100b36dccd046615de3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98471210,"asset_id":96624235,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471210/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624235"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624235"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624235; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624235]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624235]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624235; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624235']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624235, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c5fa5d52ac033100b36dccd046615de3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624235]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624235,"title":"Dog–Owner Relationship, Owner Interpretations and Dog Personality Are Connected with the Emotional Reactivity of Dogs","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"We evaluated the effect of the dog–owner relationship on dogs’ emotional reactivity, quantified with heart rate variability (HRV), behavioral changes, physical activity and dog owner interpretations. 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The three factors of The Monash Dog–Owner Relationship Scale (MDORS) were reflected in the dogs’ heart rate variability and behaviors: the Emotional Closeness factor was related to increased HRV (p = 0.009), suggesting this aspect is associated with the secure base effect, and the Shared Activities fa...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_name":"Animals"},"translated_abstract":"We evaluated the effect of the dog–owner relationship on dogs’ emotional reactivity, quantified with heart rate variability (HRV), behavioral changes, physical activity and dog owner interpretations. Twenty nine adult dogs encountered five different emotional situations (i.e., stroking, a feeding toy, separation from the owner, reunion with the owner, a sudden appearance of a novel object). The results showed that both negative and positive situations provoked signs of heightened arousal in dogs. During negative situations, owners’ ratings about the heightened emotional arousal correlated with lower HRV, higher physical activity and more behaviors that typically index arousal and fear. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624234"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624234/Facial_expressions_modulate_scanning_pattern_in_domestic_dogs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Facial expressions modulate scanning pattern in domestic dogs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624234/Facial_expressions_modulate_scanning_pattern_in_domestic_dogs">Facial expressions modulate scanning pattern in domestic dogs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>the 4th Canine Science Forum</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624234"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624234"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624234; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624232"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624232/Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Data from: Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624232/Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction">Data from: Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but compa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs&#39; visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs&#39; gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624232"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624232"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624232; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624232]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624232]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624232; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624232']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624232, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624232]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624232,"title":"Data from: Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs\u0026#39; visual attention to social scenes. 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Dogs\u0026#39; gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96624232/Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-02-09T13:18:03.790-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":35662611,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Data_from_Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs\u0026#39; visual attention to social scenes. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="96624226"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624226/The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The effect of a pressure vest on the behaviour, salivary cortisol and urine oxytocin of noise phobic dogs in a controlled test" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98471243/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/96624226/The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test">The effect of a pressure vest on the behaviour, salivary cortisol and urine oxytocin of noise phobic dogs in a controlled test</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Animal Behaviour Science</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. Commercial treatment vests have been...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. Commercial treatment vests have been tested on dogs to relieve noise phobia, and peripheral oxytocin has been suggested to be one of the stressrelieving mediators. The effect of vests has not, however, been tested in a controlled situation. We tested whether individually customized vests, have an effect on behaviour of severely noise phobic dogs in a double-blinded experiment, where dogs are exposed to loud noises. We also investigated the possible effect of pressure by using two types of vests; a deep pressure vest (DEEP, c. 10-12 mmHg) and a light pressure vest (LIGHT, c. 2-3 mmHg). In addition to behaviour, we studied if the pressure vest has an effect on urine oxytocin level and on saliva cortisol levels. A total of 28 dogs (2-11 years), both female (18) and male (10), were recruited via an ongoing study on the genetic background of noise sensitivity by the Finnish Canine Genetic Research Group. Each dog was tested three times either without vest (CONTROL) or with DEEP or LIGHT vests in a semi-randomized order. The dogsí behaviour was video recorded for 6 min, including three 2 min intervals: pre-noise, noise (70-73 dB firework sound) and recovery. Behavioural parameters included activity, body and tail postures, vocalization, and time spent near owner. Saliva samples were collected twice before and twice after the noise test. Urine samples for oxytocin analyses were collected when the deep pressure vest was first fitted: before dressing the dog and 30 min later. The DEEP vest reduced the lying time of the dogs during the noise interval. During the noise interval total lying time with any vest correlated positively with saliva cortisol, measured after noise interval, indicating that the increased lying time was a sign of a higher stress level in the dogs. Wearing either vests increased the time the dogs spent near their owners during noise interval. Time spent near the owner when wearing the DEEP vest during the recovery interval correlated positively with the urine oxytocin. These results indicate oxytocin might be related to the dogís tendency to seek owner support and the vests might effect this behaviour positively. We did not find a clear therapeutic effect of using pressure vests in noise phobic dogs. However, our results indicate the pressure vest might reduce the acute stress reaction and speed up the recovery after stress.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="38aa2e2676b6f70a550259319a330554" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98471243,"asset_id":96624226,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471243/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624226"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624226"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624226; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624226]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624226]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624226; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624226']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624226, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "38aa2e2676b6f70a550259319a330554" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624226]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624226,"title":"The effect of a pressure vest on the behaviour, salivary cortisol and urine oxytocin of noise phobic dogs in a controlled test","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","ai_title_tag":"Effects of Pressure Vests on Noise-Phobic Dogs' Behavior and Stress","grobid_abstract":"Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. 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Each dog was tested three times either without vest (CONTROL) or with DEEP or LIGHT vests in a semi-randomized order. The dogsí behaviour was video recorded for 6 min, including three 2 min intervals: pre-noise, noise (70-73 dB firework sound) and recovery. Behavioural parameters included activity, body and tail postures, vocalization, and time spent near owner. Saliva samples were collected twice before and twice after the noise test. Urine samples for oxytocin analyses were collected when the deep pressure vest was first fitted: before dressing the dog and 30 min later. The DEEP vest reduced the lying time of the dogs during the noise interval. During the noise interval total lying time with any vest correlated positively with saliva cortisol, measured after noise interval, indicating that the increased lying time was a sign of a higher stress level in the dogs. Wearing either vests increased the time the dogs spent near their owners during noise interval. Time spent near the owner when wearing the DEEP vest during the recovery interval correlated positively with the urine oxytocin. These results indicate oxytocin might be related to the dogís tendency to seek owner support and the vests might effect this behaviour positively. We did not find a clear therapeutic effect of using pressure vests in noise phobic dogs. However, our results indicate the pressure vest might reduce the acute stress reaction and speed up the recovery after stress.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":98471243},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96624226/The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-02-09T13:18:03.206-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":35662611,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98471243,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98471243/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1_s2.0_S0168159116302660_main.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471243/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_beh.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98471243/1_s2.0_S0168159116302660_main-libre.pdf?1675977588=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_beh.pdf\u0026Expires=1734000772\u0026Signature=Kraaf-8PkMVdwnDdqfGEoT4AIF4IYN2N-B8zBmZwyuG09FX8U69fEqaN~3qt2t2gVhji8f2LkGVv3oZnkIunzxgfZAtEMX84lr4wLGbJP9VyxfZ5mkpDA2NG1nevpz1uAavfc18RyV1iNtj6VdyJlwA~iCXTtpmbRziDS1UcwURSDHcSUps00J17avLxDHutqyqtYy7hO0XNBBCAhq99IyWZz1adP3fwMM6BcfghHwkawgPLOMR3I8kgzQ~6qDKLysfslQfgp3d6FDMNW23cxZjlQYQ6fYRHauIR8LUAem92haWkmLt8TAPQs9C6yZATxZDtMlQgNXSlv0zVZ3FSMg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_effect_of_a_pressure_vest_on_the_behaviour_salivary_cortisol_and_urine_oxytocin_of_noise_phobic_dogs_in_a_controlled_test","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Fear of loud noises is a common welfare problem in pet dogs. Commercial treatment vests have been tested on dogs to relieve noise phobia, and peripheral oxytocin has been suggested to be one of the stressrelieving mediators. The effect of vests has not, however, been tested in a controlled situation. We tested whether individually customized vests, have an effect on behaviour of severely noise phobic dogs in a double-blinded experiment, where dogs are exposed to loud noises. We also investigated the possible effect of pressure by using two types of vests; a deep pressure vest (DEEP, c. 10-12 mmHg) and a light pressure vest (LIGHT, c. 2-3 mmHg). In addition to behaviour, we studied if the pressure vest has an effect on urine oxytocin level and on saliva cortisol levels. A total of 28 dogs (2-11 years), both female (18) and male (10), were recruited via an ongoing study on the genetic background of noise sensitivity by the Finnish Canine Genetic Research Group. Each dog was tested three times either without vest (CONTROL) or with DEEP or LIGHT vests in a semi-randomized order. The dogsí behaviour was video recorded for 6 min, including three 2 min intervals: pre-noise, noise (70-73 dB firework sound) and recovery. Behavioural parameters included activity, body and tail postures, vocalization, and time spent near owner. Saliva samples were collected twice before and twice after the noise test. Urine samples for oxytocin analyses were collected when the deep pressure vest was first fitted: before dressing the dog and 30 min later. The DEEP vest reduced the lying time of the dogs during the noise interval. During the noise interval total lying time with any vest correlated positively with saliva cortisol, measured after noise interval, indicating that the increased lying time was a sign of a higher stress level in the dogs. Wearing either vests increased the time the dogs spent near their owners during noise interval. Time spent near the owner when wearing the DEEP vest during the recovery interval correlated positively with the urine oxytocin. These results indicate oxytocin might be related to the dogís tendency to seek owner support and the vests might effect this behaviour positively. We did not find a clear therapeutic effect of using pressure vests in noise phobic dogs. 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Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs&#39; gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, whic...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cb9bb77d841a6d0a540b8b00e4ca0170" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":98471207,"asset_id":96624225,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98471207/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk5NzE3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="96624225"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96624225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96624225]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96624225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='96624225']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96624225, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cb9bb77d841a6d0a540b8b00e4ca0170" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=96624225]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":96624225,"title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs\u0026#39; visual attention to social scenes. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="16464360"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/16464360/Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39005721/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/16464360/Comparison_of_dogs_and_humans_in_visual_scanning_of_social_interaction">Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/HeiniT%C3%B6rnqvist">Heini Törnqvist</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AijaKoskela">Aija Koskela</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/OutiVainio">Outi Vainio</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/MiiamaariaVKujala">Miiamaaria V. Kujala</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but compa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing<br />behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar<br />conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs’ visual<br />attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze<br />of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans<br />or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results<br />were compared with equivalent data measured from humans.<br />Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog<br />and two human populations with different social experiences:<br />family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs’<br />gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed<br />longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social<br />images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog<br />than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed<br />longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction<br />images. Both species also made more saccades between actors<br />in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate<br />that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be<br />more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the<br />images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than<br />family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not<br />differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli<br />remains similar regardless of social experiences.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="369904f57341f5bbb4d2024e090bba5c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":39005721,"asset_id":16464360,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39005721/download_file?st=MTczMzk5NzE3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzk5NzE3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="16464360"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16464360"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16464360; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16464360]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16464360]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16464360; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='16464360']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16464360, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "369904f57341f5bbb4d2024e090bba5c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=16464360]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":16464360,"title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing\nbehaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar\nconditions are rare, and little is known about dogs’ visual\nattention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze\nof dogs while they viewed images containing two humans\nor dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results\nwere compared with equivalent data measured from humans.\nFurthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog\nand two human populations with different social experiences:\nfamily and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs’\ngazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed\nlonger at the actors in social interaction than in non-social\nimages. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog\nthan human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed\nlonger at the actors in human than dog social interaction\nimages. Both species also made more saccades between actors\nin images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate\nthat processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be\nmore demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the\nimages very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than\nfamily dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not\ndiffer, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli\nremains similar regardless of social experiences."},"translated_abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing\nbehaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar\nconditions are rare, and little is known about dogs’ visual\nattention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze\nof dogs while they viewed images containing two humans\nor dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results\nwere compared with equivalent data measured from humans.\nFurthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog\nand two human populations with different social experiences:\nfamily and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs’\ngazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed\nlonger at the actors in social interaction than in non-social\nimages. 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Kujala</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but compa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs' visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs' gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. Kennel dogs viewed images less than family dogs, but otherwise their gazing behaviour did not differ, indicating that the basic processing of social stimuli remains similar regardless of social experiences.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="16395382"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="16395382"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16395382; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16395382]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16395382]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 16395382; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='16395382']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16395382, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=16395382]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":16395382,"title":"Comparison of dogs and humans in visual scanning of social interaction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Previous studies have demonstrated similarities in gazing behaviour of dogs and humans, but comparisons under similar conditions are rare, and little is known about dogs' visual attention to social scenes. Here, we recorded the eye gaze of dogs while they viewed images containing two humans or dogs either interacting socially or facing away: the results were compared with equivalent data measured from humans. Furthermore, we compared the gazing behaviour of two dog and two human populations with different social experiences: family and kennel dogs; dog experts and non-experts. Dogs' gazing behaviour was similar to humans: both species gazed longer at the actors in social interaction than in non-social images. However, humans gazed longer at the actors in dog than human social interaction images, whereas dogs gazed longer at the actors in human than dog social interaction images. Both species also made more saccades between actors in images representing non-conspecifics, which could indicate that processing social interaction of non-conspecifics may be more demanding. Dog experts and non-experts viewed the images very similarly. 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