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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in the United Kingdom</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Workers' Socialist League</div> </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_chair" title="Party chair">Chairperson</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Thornett" title="Alan Thornett">Alan Thornett</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1974</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1984</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Revolutionary_Party_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Revolutionary Party (UK)">Workers' Revolutionary Party (UK)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Organiser_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Organiser Alliance">Socialist Organiser Alliance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Group_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Group (UK)">Socialist Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Internationalist_League" title="Workers' Internationalist League">Workers' Internationalist League</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">London</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><i>Socialist Press</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Organiser" title="Socialist Organiser">Socialist Organiser</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;">Trotskyist International Liaison Committee</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:1px solid ;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Politics of the United Kingdom">Politics of the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of political parties in the United Kingdom">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Workers Socialist League</b> (<b>WSL</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Trotskyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Trotskyist">Trotskyist</a> group in Britain. The group was formed by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Thornett" title="Alan Thornett">Alan Thornett</a> and other members of the <a href="/wiki/Workers_Revolutionary_Party_(UK)" title="Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)">Workers Revolutionary Party</a> (WRP) after their expulsion from that group in 1974. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Workers%27_Socialist_League&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thornett and his comrades had questioned what they saw as a sectarian turn of the WRP. They argued that this turn would isolate the WRP and that it was necessary to turn back to <a href="/wiki/The_Death_Agony_of_Capitalism_and_the_Tasks_of_the_Fourth_International" title="The Death Agony of Capitalism and the Tasks of the Fourth International">Trotsky's <i>Transitional Programme</i></a>. They wrote a number of documents to argue their case and as a result were expelled. A minor controversy surrounded these documents when some WRP members alleged that Thornett was not their author, but that in fact they were written by members of the <a href="/wiki/Bulletin_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletin Group">Bulletin Group</a>, who were supporters of <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lambert" title="Pierre Lambert">Pierre Lambert</a> and therefore strongly opposed by the WRP. </p><p>The WSL was founded in 1975 with a leadership grouped around Thornett, Tony Richardson and <a href="/wiki/John_Lister_(academic)" title="John Lister (academic)">John Lister</a>. <a href="/wiki/Terry_Eagleton" title="Terry Eagleton">Terry Eagleton</a> was a well-known member. Unlike the WRP, whose politics it inherited, it covered Irish politics, women's struggles and broke with the homophobia characteristic of <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Healy" title="Gerry Healy">Gerry Healy</a>. The group also concluded that Cuba had been a <a href="/wiki/Deformed_workers_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Deformed workers state">deformed workers state</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Cuban_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban revolution">revolution</a> of 1959. It published the weekly paper <i>Socialist Press</i> and a number of issues of a theoretical journal <i>Trotskyism Today</i>. </p><p>In its first few years the WSL attempted to capitalise on its existing base in industry and expand outwards from its base in <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>. Despite having more realistic perspectives than the WRP, it was never able to group more than 150 members. Many people who left the WRP simply left revolutionary politics, and as the level of industrial struggle slackened in the late 1970s the WSL lost members and internal factional struggles began. </p><p>The first factional struggles were the result of the development of a small group of supporters of the American <a href="/wiki/Spartacist_League_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartacist League (US)">Spartacist League</a>. <i>Spartacist London</i> had been founded in 1975 by American, Canadian and Australian Spartacists with the intention of engaging other Trotskyist groups in debate. As both they and the WSL have a common past in the <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Fourth_International" title="International Committee of the Fourth International">International Committee of the Fourth International</a> they paid great attention to the WSL. The result was that they recruited a number of WSL members to their views and these formed the <i>Leninist Faction</i> in 1977. The Leninist Faction would split to join the London Spartacists in forming the Spartacist League in 1978. This factional struggle had its sequel in 1979 when another group of WSL members were similarly won to the Spartacists this time calling themselves the <i>Trotskyist Faction</i>. </p><p>In 1978 the <a href="/wiki/United_Secretariat_of_the_Fourth_International" class="mw-redirect" title="United Secretariat of the Fourth International">United Secretariat of the Fourth International</a> invited the WSL to submit material to the USec's 1979 Eleventh World Congress. It did so in July 1978 with <i>The Poisoned Well</i>, a critical analysis of the development of USec which was republished in <i>Trotskyism Today</i>. </p><p>Meanwhile, 1979 saw the election of a <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> Government and the beginnings of a major offensive against the trade unions. This also had a reaction in the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> which swung to the left and began to attract the attention of Trotskyist groups including the WSL. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Failed_Fusion">Failed Fusion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Workers%27_Socialist_League&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Failed Fusion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1980 the WSL was essentially working within the Labour Party which caused a degree of internal differentiation within its membership as to how to relate to the Labour Left around <a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a>, which they saw as reformist. The presence of another Trotskyist group in the Labour Party, the <a href="/wiki/International-Communist_League" class="mw-redirect" title="International-Communist League">International-Communist League</a>, also posed problems and the possibility of the two groups merging was raised. </p><p>Those members of the WSL most opposed to any fusion of the group with the I-CL tended to be those involved with the group's "open" work around unemployment which was then a massive question in Britain. The WSL launched a short-lived <a href="/wiki/National_Unemployed_Workers_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="National Unemployed Workers Movement">National Unemployed Workers Movement</a> at this time which despite its name was actually more concerned with unemployed youth than workers thrown out of the factories. The fusion of the two groups was achieved in July 1981 with the fused group maintaining the name Workers Socialist League, often called the 'new' WSL, with <i><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Organiser" title="Socialist Organiser">Socialist Organiser</a></i> as its paper (although theoretically SO was a "broad" paper and not that of the WSL or I-CL before it). The WSL remained affiliated to the Trotskyist International Liaison Committee, a small international tendency of groups led by the WSL. Its other affiliates were to be found in Denmark, Italy, Greece, the US and among Turkish exiles. The only group affiliated which supported the former I-CL was to be found in Australia. </p><p>Within the new WSL disputes broke out immediately. Although there were many issues involved in the internal debates the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> was paramount. Traditionally, Trotskyists defend countries oppressed by <a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">imperialism</a> in any military conflict, calling this military support which is differentiated from political support. The reaction from some Trotskyists in Britain was to give such support to Argentina when war broke out, ignoring historical claims to the islands or the question of who began the war. The I-CL disagreed with this view and took a dual <a href="/wiki/Defeatist" class="mw-redirect" title="Defeatist">defeatist</a> position on the war on the grounds that Argentina was not a <a href="/wiki/Semi-colony" title="Semi-colony">semi-colony</a> of imperialism, and also called for <a href="/wiki/Self_determination" class="mw-redirect" title="Self determination">self determination</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islanders</a>. This position caused disputes within the group, mostly with members of the old WSL. </p><p>By the summer of 1982 clear but informal factional lines had developed in the WSL. One group was the former I-CL around <a href="/wiki/Sean_Matgamna" title="Sean Matgamna">Sean Matgamna</a>, a second around <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_Clinton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan Clinton (page does not exist)">Alan Clinton</a> and a smaller third group was composed of part of the old WSL. Most of the parties in the TILC supported the third group, which in January 1983 constituted itself as the Internationalist Tendency (IT). The small IT group came to disagree with both the other groups on many important issues, including the Labour Party, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a>. The IT had 38 members most from the old WSL but including I-CLers with its main support in Leicester and Nottingham. It was led by Mike Jones and Pete Flack. </p><p>In March 1983 the IT declared that it was now a faction, thus becoming the Internationalist Faction (IF), and it adopted a number of documents in which their criticisms of the leadership was stepped up. But there were by now tensions in the IF as some members became sympathetic to <a href="/wiki/Workers_Power_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers Power (UK)">Workers Power</a> and left to join that group. Others sympathised with the international tendency around the <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Argentina)" title="Workers' Party (Argentina)">Workers' Party (Argentina)</a>, the Latin American Tendencia Cuarta Internacional (TCI). The next stage in the developing split was the April 1983 TILC meeting at which the WSL delegates voted to prevent Chilean sympathisers from affiliating to the TILC. The WSL then walked out after a resolution calling on Alan Thornett to fight Sean Matgamna's "<a href="/wiki/Marxist_revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist revisionism">revisionism</a>". The IF, who sympathised with the TILC, were then expelled from the WSL, and formed the <a href="/wiki/Workers_Internationalist_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers Internationalist League">Workers Internationalist League</a>. </p><p>The WSL was a little smaller after the expulsion of the IF and still split between the supporters of Sean Matgamna and Alan Thornett. Thornett's supporters stopped paying subscriptions to the group and called several special conferences. Later, in 1984, Matgamna's supporters formally expelled Thornett's supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Socialist_Group">Socialist Group</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Workers%27_Socialist_League&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Socialist Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Matgamna's supporters continued with the WSL and <i>Socialist Organiser</i> but soon dropped the name WSL in favour of Socialist Organiser Alliance, while Thornett's depleted followers founded a new smaller group called the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Group_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Group (UK)">Socialist Group</a>, which was to publish a magazine called <i>Socialist Viewpoint</i> until it fused with the <a href="/wiki/International_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="International Group">International Group</a> in 1987, to form the <a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_Group" title="International Socialist Group">International Socialist Group</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Workers%27_Socialist_League&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.workersliberty.org/publications/readings/trots/thornett.html">What really happened in the 'Thornett' split following the fusion of the I-CL and the WSL in 1981?</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Workers%27_Liberty" title="Alliance for Workers' Liberty">Alliance for Workers' Liberty</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Workers%27_Socialist_League&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050802104606/http://ito.gn.apc.org:80/TrotHist1.htm">What Happened to the WSL?</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mrc.epexio.com/records/ACL/2">Catalogue of the WSL archives in Alan Clinton's papers</a>, held at the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Records_Centre,_University_of_Warwick" title="Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick">Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_(UK,_1944)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party (UK, 1944)">Revolutionary Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Club_(Trotskyist)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Club (Trotskyist)">The Club</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Outlook" title="Socialist Outlook">Socialist Outlook</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entryism" title="Entryism">Entryism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Fourth_International" title="International Committee of the Fourth International">International Committee of the Fourth International</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_News_Line" title="The News Line">The News Line</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Healy" title="Gerry Healy">Gerry Healy</a> <small>(1959—1978)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Banda" title="Michael Banda">Michael Banda</a> <small>(1978—1985)</small></li> <li>Gerry Healy <small>(1985—1987)</small></li> <li>Sheila Torrance <small>(1987—present)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_(UK)" title="Solidarity (UK)">Solidarity</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Workers' Socialist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labour_Group" title="Socialist Labour Group">Socialist Labour Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Philosophic_Science_Review" title="Economic and Philosophic Science Review">Workers Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Socialism_(Britain)" title="Movement for Socialism (Britain)">Workers' Revolutionary Party (Workers Press)</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Communist_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Forum">Communist Forum</a>, International Socialist League and <a href="/wiki/Workers_International_to_Rebuild_the_Fourth_International" title="Workers International to Rebuild the Fourth International">Workers International to Rebuild the Fourth International</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_International_League_(1985)" title="Workers' International League (1985)">Workers' International League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Equality_Party_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Equality Party (UK)">Socialist Equality Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Party" title="Marxist Party">Marxist Party</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(UK,_1990)" title="Communist League (UK, 1990)">Communist League</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Progress_Party" title="Peace and Progress Party">Peace and Progress Party</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-left politics in the United Kingdom">Far-left politics in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UK_far-left" title="Template:UK far-left"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UK_far-left" title="Template talk:UK far-left"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UK_far-left" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UK far-left"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-left politics in the United Kingdom">Far-left politics in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marxist–Leninist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="Communist Party of Britain">Communist Party of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ireland" title="Communist Party of Ireland">Communist Party of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Philosophic_Science_Review" title="Economic and Philosophic Science Review">EPSR Supporters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">Irish Republican Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="New Communist Party of Britain">New Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Group_(UK)" title="Revolutionary Communist Group (UK)">Revolutionary Communist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalin_Society" title="Stalin Society">Stalin Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">Workers' Party of Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trotskyist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Workers%27_Liberty" title="Alliance for Workers' Liberty">Alliance for Workers' Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Action_(UK)" title="Socialist Action (UK)">Socialist Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(England_and_Wales)" title="Socialist Party (England and Wales)">Socialist Party (England and Wales)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Ireland)" title="Socialist Party (Ireland)">Socialist Party (Ireland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Party Scotland">Socialist Party Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Network" title="Socialist Workers Network">Socialist Workers Network (Ireland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(UK)" title="Socialist Workers Party (UK)">Socialist Workers Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_International_to_Rebuild_the_Fourth_International" title="Workers International to Rebuild the Fourth International">WIRFI Supporters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Revolutionary_Party_(UK)" title="Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)">Workers Revolutionary Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anarchist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_Federation_(Britain)" title="Anarchist Federation (Britain)">Anarchist Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_War" title="Class War">Class War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Press" title="Freedom Press">Freedom Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_Federation" title="Solidarity Federation">Solidarity Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haringey_Solidarity_Group" title="Haringey Solidarity Group">Haringey Solidarity Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Left Communist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Provisional_Central_Committee)" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)">Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Workers%27_Organisation_(UK)" title="Communist Workers' Organisation (UK)">Communist Workers' Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Socialist Party of Great Britain">Socialist Party of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Studies_(1989)" title="Socialist Studies (1989)">Socialist Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/32_County_Sovereignty_Movement" title="32 County Sovereignty Movement">32 County Sovereignty Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(UK,_1988)" title="Communist League (UK, 1988)">Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterfire_(group)" title="Counterfire (group)">Counterfire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Working_Class_Association" title="Independent Working Class Association">Independent Working Class Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Workers_of_the_World" title="Industrial Workers of the World">Industrial Workers of the World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Black_Revolutionaries" title="London Black Revolutionaries">London Black Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saoradh" title="Saoradh">Saoradh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Socialist_Party" title="Scottish Socialist Party">Scottish Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Party_of_Britain" title="Workers Party of Britain">Workers Party of Britain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electoral alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trade_Unionist_and_Socialist_Coalition" title="Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition">Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marxist–Leninist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Communist_Workers" title="Association of Communist Workers">Association of Communist Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Unity_and_Freedom_Party" title="Black Unity and Freedom Party">Black Unity and Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_and_Irish_Communist_Organisation" title="British and Irish Communist Organisation">British and Irish Communist Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_to_Defeat_Revisionism,_for_Communist_Unity" title="Committee to Defeat Revisionism, for Communist Unity">Committee to Defeat Revisionism, for Communist Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Labour_Party_(Scotland)" title="Communist Labour Party (Scotland)">Communist Labour Party (Scotland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist League of Great Britain">Communist League of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Organisation_in_the_British_Isles" title="Communist Organisation in the British Isles">Communist Organisation in the British Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist Party of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Scotland" title="Communist Party of Scotland">Communist Party of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Workers_League_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Workers League of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">Communist Workers League of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiston_Communist_Party" title="Leiston Communist Party">Leiston Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Forum" title="Marxist Forum">Marxist Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_League_of_Britain" title="Revolutionary Communist League of Britain">Revolutionary Communist League of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Internationalist_Contingent" title="Revolutionary Internationalist Contingent">Revolutionary Internationalist Contingent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_League" title="Revolutionary Marxist–Leninist League">Revolutionary Marxist–Leninist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Policy_Committee" title="Revolutionary Policy Committee">Revolutionary Policy Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Wales_Socialist_Society" title="South Wales Socialist Society">South Wales Socialist Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_Left" title="Straight Left">Straight Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Institute_of_Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Mao_Zedong_Thought" title="Workers' Institute of Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought">Workers' Institute of Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Party_of_Scotland" title="Workers Party of Scotland">Workers Party of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_People%27s_Party_of_England" title="Working People's Party of England">Working People's Party of England</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trotskyist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Club_(Trotskyist)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Club (Trotskyist)">The Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Banda#Marxist_Philosophy_Forum" title="Michael Banda">Communist Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(UK,_1932)" title="Communist League (UK, 1932)">Communist League (1932)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(UK,_1990)" title="Communist League (UK, 1990)">Communist League (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="International Group">International Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Marxist_Group" title="International Marxist Group">International Marxist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_Group" title="International Socialist Group">International Socialist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_Group_(Scotland)" title="International Socialist Group (Scotland)">International Socialist Group (Scotland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_Network" title="International Socialist Network">International Socialist Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_for_Socialist_Action_(UK)" title="League for Socialist Action (UK)">League for Socialist Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Fraction" title="Left Fraction">Left Fraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninist_League_(UK)" title="Leninist League (UK)">Leninist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Group_(UK)" title="Marxist Group (UK)">Marxist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Party" title="Marxist Party">Marxist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Worker" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist Worker">Marxist Worker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militant_Group" title="Militant Group">Militant Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militant_(Trotskyist_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Militant (Trotskyist group)">Militant Tendency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Socialism_(Britain)" title="Movement for Socialism (Britain)">Movement for Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Revolution_(group)" title="Permanent Revolution (group)">Permanent Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Action" title="Red Action">Red Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_League_(UK)" title="Revolutionary Communist League (UK)">Revolutionary Communist League (Chartist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_(UK,_1944)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party (UK, 1944)">Revolutionary Communist Party (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_(UK,_1978)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party (UK, 1978)">Revolutionary Communist Party (1978)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Democratic_Group" title="Revolutionary Democratic Group">Revolutionary Democratic Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_League_(UK,_1938)" title="Revolutionary Socialist League (UK, 1938)">Revolutionary Socialist League (1938)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_League_(UK,_1957)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Socialist League (UK, 1957)">Revolutionary Socialist League (1957)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(UK)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (UK)">Revolutionary Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Workers%27_Party_(Trotskyist)" title="Revolutionary Workers' Party (Trotskyist)">Revolutionary Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Militant_Labour" title="Scottish Militant Labour">Scottish Militant Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Appeal_(UK,_1992)" title="Socialist Appeal (UK, 1992)">Socialist Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Alternatives" title="Socialist Alternatives">Socialist Alternatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Democracy_Group" title="Socialist Democracy Group">Socialist Democracy Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Group_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Group (UK)">Socialist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labour_Group" title="Socialist Labour Group">Socialist Labour Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Solidarity_Network" title="Socialist Solidarity Network">Socialist Solidarity Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Network" title="Socialist Unity Network">Socialist Unity Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_(Scotland)" title="Solidarity (Scotland)">Solidarity (Scotland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_International_League_(1937)" title="Workers' International League (1937)">Workers' International League (1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_International_League_(1985)" title="Workers' International League (1985)">Workers' International League (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Internationalist_League" title="Workers' Internationalist League">Workers' Internationalist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_League_(UK)" title="Workers League (UK)">Workers League</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Workers' Socialist League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anarchist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_Federation_of_Britain" title="Anarchist Federation of Britain">Anarchist Federation of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_Workers_Association" title="Anarchist Workers Association">Anarchist Workers Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Angry_Brigade" title="The Angry Brigade">The Angry Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Mob" title="King Mob">King Mob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_Against_the_Monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Movement Against the Monarchy">Movement Against the Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Street_Club" title="Rose Street Club">Rose Street Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Hijackers" title="Space Hijackers">Space Hijackers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Socialist_Movement" title="United Socialist Movement">United Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walsall_Anarchists" title="Walsall Anarchists">Walsall Anarchists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOMBLES" title="WOMBLES">WOMBLES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker%27s_Friend_Group" title="Worker's Friend Group">Worker's Friend Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Left Communist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Parliamentary_Communist_Federation" title="Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation">Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(British_Section_of_the_Third_International)" title="Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)">Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Unity_Group" title="Communist Unity Group">Communist Unity Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(UK)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (UK)">Revolutionary Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Workers%27_Republican_Party" title="Scottish Workers' Republican Party">Scottish Workers' Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labour_Party_(UK,_1903)" title="Socialist Labour Party (UK, 1903)">Socialist Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Propaganda_League" title="Socialist Propaganda League">Socialist Propaganda League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Socialist_Federation" title="Workers' Socialist Federation">Workers' Socialist Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Flame_(political_group)" title="Big Flame (political group)">Big Flame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Wealth_Party" title="Common Wealth Party">Common Wealth Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_Group_(Scotland)" title="International Socialist Group (Scotland)">International Socialist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Star_(UK)" title="Red Star (UK)">Red Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Republican_Socialist_Movement" title="Scottish Republican Socialist Movement">Scottish Republican Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Union_(UK)" title="Socialist Union (UK)">Socialist Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Gentlemen_Supporters_of_the_Bill_of_Rights" title="Society of Gentlemen Supporters of the Bill of Rights">Society of Gentlemen Supporters of the Bill of Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electoral alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Front_(UK)" title="Red Front (UK)">Red Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_(UK)" title="Socialist Unity (UK)">Socialist Unity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034745#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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