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Pour en décider, il nous paraît nécessaire de déplacer le problème sur le terrain de l'analyse philosophique. Comment concevoir les relations entre la notion d'identité, entendue comme ce qui constitue le caractère irréductiblement spécifique d'un individu, et l'ensemble des comportements, des représentations et des valeurs traditionnels, transmis par des aires de civilisations qui se distinguent consciemment les unes des autres ? Dans quelle mesure l'identité at -elle besoin de la culture ? Chez les humains, l'identité est intériorisée : elle désigne à la fois le fait d'être soi et de se savoir soi. La notion d'identité renvoie donc à celles de subjectivité (dans le premier cas) et de réflexivité (dans le second). On pourrait dire également, en première approximation, qu'elle consiste en la capacité de s'identifier et par là de se reconnaître, aussi bien qu'en le fait d'être identifié et reconnu par autrui. L'identification humaine, qu'il s'agisse de l'autoidentification ou de l'identification par autrui, implique de surcroît un acte de langage : par exemple, et pour dire les choses de manière minimale, dans les deux cas l'attribution d'un nom propre entre dans le processus d'identification. Pour se constituer réflexivement et pour être reconnue par un tiers, la subjectivité a comme condition fondamentale de possibilité l'efficience du langage.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Culture et identité","attachmentId":118747705,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124542241/Culture_et_identit%C3%A9","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124542241/Culture_et_identit%C3%A9"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="81056429" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81056429/Identit%C3%A9_culturelle_identit%C3%A9_nationale">Identité culturelle, identité nationale</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="27123970" href="https://u-szeged.academia.edu/MonokIstv%C3%A1n">Monok István</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Identité culturelle, identité nationale","attachmentId":87233398,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81056429/Identit%C3%A9_culturelle_identit%C3%A9_nationale","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81056429/Identit%C3%A9_culturelle_identit%C3%A9_nationale"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="90972717" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/90972717/Identit%C3%A9_spirituelle_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle">Identité spirituelle et identité culturelle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35268453" href="https://cerii.academia.edu/JamelKhermimoun">Jamel Khermimoun</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Identité spirituelle et identité culturelle","attachmentId":94389105,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90972717/Identit%C3%A9_spirituelle_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90972717/Identit%C3%A9_spirituelle_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="79643622" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79643622/La%C3%AFcit%C3%A9_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle">Laïcité et identité culturelle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="75250209" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Genevi%C3%A8veZo%C3%AFa">Geneviève Zoïa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Tréma, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Laïcité et identité culturelle","attachmentId":86288252,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79643622/La%C3%AFcit%C3%A9_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79643622/La%C3%AFcit%C3%A9_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="82166042" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82166042/Lidentit%C3%A9_culturelle_de_la_traduction">L'identité culturelle de la traduction</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43795932" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnieBrisset">Annie Brisset</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Palimpsestes, 1998</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Il s'agira ici d'attirer l'attention sur ce qui structure le rapport entre le sujet et l'objet de la traduction ou plutôt, sur ce qui le structure culturellement. Les considérations qui vont suivre amorcent donc une réponse au "Projet d'une critique 'productive'" par lequel s'ouvre de façon programmatique le dernier ouvrage d'Antoine Berman Pour une critique des traductions : John Donne 1 . On sait qu'en dénonçant l'idéologie de la transparence, la traductologie s'est tournée vers la psychanalyse pour cerner la subjectivité traduisante et que, dans cette tâche, la psychanalyse a été appuyée sinon relayée par différentes disciplines, dont la théorie de l'énonciation 2 . Il fallait affirmer l'existence d'un sujet que les modèles de la traduction omettaient de représenter ou qu'ils représentaient en creux et négativement, c'est-à-dire comme un obstacle (voir les axiomes divers sur la "neutralité" ou la "fidélité" du traducteur). C'est aussi dans ce paradigme qu'on peut inscrire les approches féministes de la traduction. Dans tous ces cas, la présence du sujet est affirmée comme individuation de l'opération traduisante et (souvent même revendiquée) comme liberté du sujet traduisant Chez Berman, les deux termes se surdéterminent l'un l'autre : la liberté du sujet, quelle que soit l'interprétation qu'on en donne, suppose tout à la fois celle d'individuation (tout sujet est ce sujetci, unique), celle de réflexion (tout sujet est un soi, un être qui se rapporte à "soi-même") et celle de liberté (tout sujet est responsable). [...] C'est parce qu'il est responsable de son travail que le traducteur peut, et doit, être jugé : une traduction est toujours individuelle, toujours traduction-par..., parce qu'elle procède d'une individualité, même soumise à des "normes". Lorsqu'un traducteur</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"L'identité culturelle de la traduction","attachmentId":87959592,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82166042/Lidentit%C3%A9_culturelle_de_la_traduction","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/82166042/Lidentit%C3%A9_culturelle_de_la_traduction"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="32879726" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32879726/La_mise_%C3%A0_l_essai_de_l_identit%C3%A9_culturelle">La mise à l’essai de l’identité culturelle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="63872086" href="https://uottawa.academia.edu/WalterMoser">Walter Moser</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Études françaises, 2000</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"La mise à l’essai de l’identité culturelle","attachmentId":53022667,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32879726/La_mise_%C3%A0_l_essai_de_l_identit%C3%A9_culturelle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/32879726/La_mise_%C3%A0_l_essai_de_l_identit%C3%A9_culturelle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="112687543" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/112687543/Asomatisme1_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle">Asomatisme1 et identité culturelle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59579618" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DorinStefanescu">Dorin Stefanescu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Recherches, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Adam a été créé comme ayant deux corps, dit Jacob Böhme. L'un est le corps de lumière, image parfaite de la forme humaine figurée depuis l'éternité par la Sagesse […]. L'autre est le corps de ténèbres, selon l'image de l'esprit de ce monde (Deghaye 1983 : 181).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Asomatisme1 et identité culturelle","attachmentId":109839896,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112687543/Asomatisme1_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/112687543/Asomatisme1_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="109130670" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109130670/Multicultralisme_indig%C3%A9nisme_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle">Multicultralisme, indigénisme et identité culturelle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10610197" href="https://independent.academia.edu/clauderougier">Claudia Bourguignon Rougier</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Tout d'abord, je voudrais remercier les organisateurs de cette rencontre, ainsi que les participants qui vont s'exprimer et partager leur expérience avec nous. Le thème qui sera présenté, la relation entre le multiculturalisme, le néolibéralisme et l'extractivisme, est une question qui renvoie au moment historique angoissant que nous traversons. La question de l'extractivisme et de la destruction néolibérale, dans le Sud comme dans le Nord, est l'un des défis que doivent relever ceux d'entre nous qui croient qu'il est possible de sortir d'un capitalisme destructeur. Le sujet dont nous allons parler aujourd'hui n'est pas l'extractivisme en général, mais sa relation</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Multicultralisme, indigénisme et identité culturelle","attachmentId":107344518,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109130670/Multicultralisme_indig%C3%A9nisme_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109130670/Multicultralisme_indig%C3%A9nisme_et_identit%C3%A9_culturelle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="16348837" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16348837/La_diversit%C3%A9_culturelle">La diversité culturelle</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="318579" href="https://ulg.academia.edu/JeanGillesLowies">Jean-Gilles Lowies</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"La diversité culturelle","attachmentId":38954749,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16348837/La_diversit%C3%A9_culturelle","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16348837/La_diversit%C3%A9_culturelle"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="87032203" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87032203/Problematique_de_lidentite_culturelle_dans_Segou_de_Maryse_Conde">Problematique de l'identite culturelle dans Segou de Maryse Conde</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="22296279" href="https://american.academia.edu/SadibouSow">Sadibou Sow</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2000</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">La problématique de l'Identité culturelle dans Séqou de Maryse Condé Chair ; ^ T Js.___________________________________________________ Considérée de nos jours comme faisant partie des écrivains caribéens les plus éminents, Maryse Condé s'est surtout signalée sur la scène littéraire en 1985 après la publication en deux volumes de Séqou. Comme le titre l'indique pourtant, ce roman n'a pas pour cadre historique et géographique les Caraïbes à proprement parler. Séqou, c'est plutôt la saga d'une noble famille bambara. En effet, vers la fin du siècle, le royaume de Ségou, en Afrique de l'Ouest, va voir son hégémonie et sa stabilité gravement menacées avec l'arrivée de l'Islam, du Christianisme et de l'Occident. Le clan des Traoré qui jusque-là ne percevait le monde qu'à travers les valeurs ancestrales va subitement faire face à la pénétration de nouveaux repères. Le royaume de Ségou et les régions qui l'entourent deviennent le théâtre de la rencontre, de la confrontation et de la fusion entre une grande variété de races, d'ethnies, de cultures et de religions. En présentant cette interaction aux tournures souvent tragiques, l'auteur adopte une approche narrative qui permet de changer de perspective. Aussi, obtient-on une extraordinaire polyphonie où le lecteur écoute les différents protagonistes s'apprécier, se juger, s'évaluer. Cette étude se propose d'analyser la problématique de l'identité culturelle dans Séqou. En étudiant les réactions que l'exposition à une nouvelle culture suscite chez l'individu ou le groupe, notre objectif sera de montrer que, pour Maryse Condé, la tragédie que vit l'Afrique a une origine culturelle.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Problematique de l'identite culturelle dans Segou de Maryse Conde","attachmentId":91356156,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87032203/Problematique_de_lidentite_culturelle_dans_Segou_de_Maryse_Conde","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87032203/Problematique_de_lidentite_culturelle_dans_Segou_de_Maryse_Conde"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":41012457,"attachmentType":"pptx","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":41012457,"attachmentType":"pptx","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_41012457" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/27731009/LIDENTIT%C3%89_IMAGINAIRE_ET_LA_CULTURE_IMAGIN%C3%89E_PAR_LES_AUTRES">L'IDENTITÉ IMAGINAIRE ET LA CULTURE IMAGINÉE PAR LES AUTRES</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="51702041" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/VictorAquino">Victor Aquino</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"L'IDENTITÉ IMAGINAIRE ET LA CULTURE IMAGINÉE PAR LES AUTRES","attachmentId":48000739,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27731009/LIDENTIT%C3%89_IMAGINAIRE_ET_LA_CULTURE_IMAGIN%C3%89E_PAR_LES_AUTRES","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a 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2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"De l'identité aux identités","attachmentId":106020401,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107321191/De_lidentit%C3%A9_aux_identit%C3%A9s","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/107321191/De_lidentit%C3%A9_aux_identit%C3%A9s"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="12" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/120261301/Lidentit%C3%A9_nationale">L'identité nationale</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="27439364" href="https://glasgow.academia.edu/PhilipSchlesinger">Philip Schlesinger</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Hermès, La Revue, 1991</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"L'identité nationale","attachmentId":115470408,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120261301/Lidentit%C3%A9_nationale","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67608241/Ethnicit%C3%A9_et_pluralisme_culturel">Ethnicité et pluralisme culturel</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43598055" href="https://concordia.academia.edu/ParisArnopoulos">Paris J Arnopoulos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ethnicité et pluralisme culturel","attachmentId":78363459,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67608241/Ethnicit%C3%A9_et_pluralisme_culturel","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free 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ds2-5-body-xs">Cahiers d’études africaines, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Culture planétaire et identités frontalières","attachmentId":51197526,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30759627/Culture_plan%C3%A9taire_et_identit%C3%A9s_frontali%C3%A8res","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30759627/Culture_plan%C3%A9taire_et_identit%C3%A9s_frontali%C3%A8res"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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