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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Història" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Història</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Història-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Generador de Van de Graaff</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 43 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81" title="مولد فان دي غراف - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مولد فان دي غراف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Генератор на Ван де Грааф - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Генератор на Ван де Грааф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff%C5%AFv_gener%C3%A1tor" title="Van de Graaffův generátor - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Van de Graaffův generátor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van-de-Graaff-Generator" title="Van-de-Graaff-Generator - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Van-de-Graaff-Generator" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B1%CF%86" title="Ηλεκτρογεννήτρια Βαν ντε Γκράαφ - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηλεκτρογεννήτρια Βαν ντε Γκράαφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff_generator" title="Van de Graaff generator - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Van de Graaff generator" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generatoro_de_Van_de_Graaff" title="Generatoro de Van de Graaff - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Generatoro de Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generador_de_Van_de_Graaff" title="Generador de Van de Graaff - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Generador de Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaffi_generaator" title="Van de Graaffi generaator - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Van de Graaffi generaator" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff_sorgailua" title="Van de Graaff sorgailua - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Van de Graaff sorgailua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81" title="مولد واندوگراف - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مولد واندوگراف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaffin_generaattori" title="Van de Graaffin generaattori - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Van de Graaffin generaattori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rateur_de_Van_de_Graaff" title="Générateur de Van de Graaff - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Générateur de Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginead%C3%B3ir_Van_de_Graaff" title="Gineadóir Van de Graaff - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gineadóir Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9C_%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F-%D7%93%D7%94-%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A3" title="מחולל ואן-דה-גראף - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מחולל ואן-דה-גראף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0" title="वान डी ग्राफ़ जेनरेटर - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वान डी ग्राफ़ जेनरेटर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaffov_generator" title="Van de Graaffov generator - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Van de Graaffov generator" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff-gener%C3%A1tor" title="Van de Graaff-generátor - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Van de Graaff-generátor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generator_Van_de_Graaff" title="Generator Van de Graaff - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Generator Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generatore_di_Van_de_Graaff" title="Generatore di Van de Graaff - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Generatore di Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95%E8%B5%B7%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F" title="ヴァンデグラフ起電機 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴァンデグラフ起電機" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%93%E1%83%94_%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ვან დე გრააფის გენერატორი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვან დე გრააფის გენერატორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B4%EB%8D%94%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%ED%94%84_%EB%B0%9C%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0" title="밴더그래프 발전기 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="밴더그래프 발전기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Ван де Графов генератор - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ван де Графов генератор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC" title="വാൻ ഡി ഗ്രാഫ്ജനറേറ്റർ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വാൻ ഡി ഗ്രാഫ്ജനറേറ്റർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penjana_Van_de_Graaff" title="Penjana Van de Graaff - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Penjana Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandegraaffgenerator" title="Vandegraaffgenerator - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vandegraaffgenerator" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff-generator" title="Van de Graaff-generator - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Van de Graaff-generator" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff-generator" title="Van de Graaff-generator - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Van de Graaff-generator" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generator_Van_de_Graaffa" title="Generator Van de Graaffa - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Generator Van de Graaffa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerador_de_Van_de_Graaff" title="Gerador de Van de Graaff - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gerador de Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generator_Van_de_Graaff" title="Generator Van de Graaff - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Generator Van de Graaff" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Генератор Ван де Граафа - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Генератор Ван де Граафа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaffov_generator" title="Van de Graaffov generator - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Van de Graaffov generator" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff_Generator" title="Van de Graaff Generator - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Van de Graaff Generator" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaffov_gener%C3%A1tor" title="Van de Graaffov generátor - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Van de Graaffov generátor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Ван де Графов генератор - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ван де Графов генератор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff-generator" title="Van de Graaff-generator - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Van de Graaff-generator" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="வான் டி கிராப் நிலை மின்னியற்றி - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வான் டி கிராப் நிலை மின்னியற்றி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Генератори Ван де Грааф - tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Генератори Ван де Грааф" 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data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Van_de_graaff_generator_sm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Van_de_graaff_generator_sm.jpg/220px-Van_de_graaff_generator_sm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="418" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Van_de_graaff_generator_sm.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Generador de Van de Graff</figcaption></figure> <p>Un <b>generador de Van de Graaff</b> és un <a href="/wiki/Generador_electroest%C3%A0tic" title="Generador electroestàtic">generador electroestàtic</a> que utilitza una cinta mòbil per a acumular grans quantitats de <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A0rrega_el%C3%A8ctrica" title="Càrrega elèctrica">càrrega elèctrica</a> a l'interior d'una esfera metàl·lica buida.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Va ser inventat pel <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsic" title="Físic">físic</a> estatunidenc <a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Van_de_Graaff" title="Robert J. Van de Graaff">Robert J. Van de Graaff</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brit_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Les diferències de potencial que es poden aconseguir actualment utilitzant el generador poden arribar fins als 5 <a href="/wiki/Mega-" title="Mega-">mega</a><a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">volts</a>. Les diferents aplicacions d'aquesta màquina inclouen la producció de <a href="/wiki/Rajos_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajos X">rajos X</a>, l'esterilització d'aliments i experiments de <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Física de partícules">física de partícules</a> i <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_nuclear" title="Física nuclear">física nuclear</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Història"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria"></span>Història</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Generador_de_Van_de_Graaff&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Història"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El generador de Van de Graaff començà a desenvolupar-se el 1929, pel físic Robert J. Van de Graaff a la <a href="/wiki/Universitat_de_Princeton" title="Universitat de Princeton">Universitat de Princeton</a>. El primer el va construir a principis de la dècada del 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-brit_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La primera màquina utilitzava una cinta de <a href="/wiki/Seda" title="Seda">seda</a> comprada en una tenda com a cinta de transport. El 1931 es fabricà una versió capaç de produir 1,000,000 volts i fou patentada. Aquesta versió tenia dues esferes de 60 cm de diàmetre; l'aparell costà només 90 <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B2lar" title="Dòlar">dòlars</a>. </p><p>El generador de Van de Graaf més gran del món, construït pel Dr. Van de Graaff a la dècada de 1930, es troba actualment al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Museu_de_ci%C3%A8ncia_de_Boston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museu de ciència de Boston (encara no existeix)">Museu de ciència de Boston</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Generador_de_Van_de_Graaff&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Van_de_Graaff_generators" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Van de Graaff generators">Generador de Van de Graaff</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/0069499.xml">Generador de Van de Graaff</a>». <i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</a></i>.  Barcelona:  <a href="/wiki/Grup_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" class="mw-redirect" title="Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana">Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brit-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-brit_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-brit_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Jemison-Van-de-Graaff#ref229531">Robert Jemison Van de Graaff</a>» (en anglès). <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.  Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.. [Consulta: 17 febrer 2022].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mos.org/live-presentations/lightning">Lightning! | Museum of Science, Boston</a>».  www.mos.org. [Consulta: 28 octubre 2016].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11981925k">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCCN" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN">LCCN</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85141969">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bases d'informació</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GEC" class="mw-redirect" title="GEC">GEC</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/generador-de-van-de-graaff">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Generador_de_Van_de_Graaff&oldid=29514862">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Generador_de_Van_de_Graaff&oldid=29514862</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Electroest%C3%A0tica" title="Categoria:Electroestàtica">Electroestàtica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Electricitat" title="Categoria:Electricitat">Electricitat</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categories ocultes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_enlla%C3%A7_commonscat_des_de_Wikidata" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata">Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Control_d%27autoritats" title="Categoria:Control d'autoritats">Control d'autoritats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Esborranys_de_f%C3%ADsica" title="Categoria:Esborranys de física">Esborranys de física</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 17 feb 2022 a les 19:16.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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