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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-M5_Stuart" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#M5_Stuart"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>M5 Stuart</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-M5_Stuart-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Light-tank_doctrine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Light-tank_doctrine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Light-tank doctrine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Light-tank_doctrine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combat_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combat_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Combat history</span> </div> </a> <button 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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pacific_and_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pacific_and_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Pacific and Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pacific_and_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obsolescence_and_replacement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obsolescence_and_replacement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Obsolescence and replacement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obsolescence_and_replacement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Limitations_of_the_37mm_gun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limitations_of_the_37mm_gun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Limitations of the 37mm gun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limitations_of_the_37mm_gun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post_World_War_II_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post_World_War_II_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Post World War II use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_World_War_II_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-US_variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#US_variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>US variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-US_variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UK_variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UK_variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>UK variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UK_variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brazilian_variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brazilian_variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Brazilian variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brazilian_variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yugoslav_partisans_variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yugoslav_partisans_variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Yugoslav partisans variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yugoslav_partisans_variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Operators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surviving_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surviving_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Surviving examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surviving_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In the media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_the_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">M3 Stuart</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%853_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="أم3 ستيوارت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أم3 ستيوارت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3/M5" title="M3/M5 – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="M3/M5" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3/M5_Stuart" title="M3/M5 Stuart – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="M3/M5 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Char_M3_Stuart" title="Char M3 Stuart – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Char M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%9C%EC%96%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="M3 스튜어트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="M3 스튜어트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3/M5_Stuart" title="M3/M5 Stuart – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="M3/M5 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3/M5_Stuart" title="M3/M5 Stuart – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="M3/M5 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98" title="M3 סטיוארט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="M3 סטיוארט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_(%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA)" title="Стюарт (танк) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Стюарт (танк)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3/M5_Stuart" title="M3/M5 Stuart – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="M3/M5 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3-M5_Stuart" title="M3-M5 Stuart – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="M3-M5 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3%E8%BB%BD%E6%88%A6%E8%BB%8A" title="M3軽戦車 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="M3軽戦車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3/M5_Stuart" title="M3/M5 Stuart – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="M3/M5 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8E%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_(%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA)" title="Стюарт (танк) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стюарт (танк)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C3/%D0%9C5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="М3/М5 Стјуарт – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="М3/М5 Стјуарт" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3/M5" title="M3/M5 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="M3/M5" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_(panssarivaunu)" title="Stuart (panssarivaunu) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Stuart (panssarivaunu)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_tank" title="Stuart tank – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stuart tank" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A13_%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%95" title="เอ็ม3 สจวต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เอ็ม3 สจวต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart" title="M3 Stuart – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="M3 Stuart" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">WW2 American light tank</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the medium tank, see <a href="/wiki/M3_Lee" title="M3 Lee">M3 Lee</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hproduct" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="fn org"> Light tank, M3 and M5 </span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stuart_tankfest_2023.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Stuart_tankfest_2023.JPG/300px-Stuart_tankfest_2023.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Stuart_tankfest_2023.JPG/450px-Stuart_tankfest_2023.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Stuart_tankfest_2023.JPG/600px-Stuart_tankfest_2023.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4207" data-file-height="3635" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">M3A1 Stuart (T37765) at Tankfest 2023</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Light_tank" title="Light tank">Light tank</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Service history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">1941<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1941</span>)</span>–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hukbalahap_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hukbalahap Rebellion">Hukbalahap Rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution" title="Indonesian National Revolution">Indonesian National Revolution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Darul_Islam_rebellion" title="Darul Islam rebellion">Darul Islam rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/First_Indochina_War" title="First Indochina War">First Indochina War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1947%E2%80%931948" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948">Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Ambon" title="Invasion of Ambon">South Maluku rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Indonesia" title="Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia">PRRI rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Permesta" title="Permesta">Permesta rebellion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1959_Cuban_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1959 Cuban Revolution">1959 Cuban Revolution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution" title="Nicaraguan Revolution">Nicaraguan Revolution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/30_September_Movement" title="30 September Movement">30 September Movement</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Football_War" title="Football War">Football War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Civil_War" title="Salvadoran Civil War">Salvadoran Civil War</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Production history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data">U.S. Army Ordnance Department</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Car_and_Foundry_Company" title="American Car and Foundry Company">American Car and Foundry Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a> division of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a></li> <li>General Motors</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massey_Ferguson#Massey-Harris_Limited" title="Massey Ferguson">Massey-Harris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Unit cost</th><td class="infobox-data">$32,915 (M3A1), $27,057 (M5)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Produced</th><td class="infobox-data">1941<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1941</span>)</span>–1944<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1944</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> built</th><td class="infobox-data">22,744 M3 and M5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data">See <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Variants">Variants</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Specifications (M5A1, late production <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">33,500 lb (15.20 metric tons)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">15 ft 10.5 in (4.84 m) with sand shields and rear stowage box</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) with sand shields</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">8 ft 5 in (2.57 m) over anti-aircraft machine gun</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Crew</th><td class="infobox-data">4 (commander, gunner, driver, assistant driver<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETM-9-732-M5-Manual§_6_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETM-9-732-M5-Manual§_6-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_armour" title="Vehicle armour">Armor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.375 to 2.0 in (9.5 to 50.8 mm)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Main<br />armament</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/37_mm_Gun_M3#Variants" class="mw-redirect" title="37 mm Gun M3">37 mm Gun M6</a> in Mount M44<br />147 rounds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Secondary<br />armament</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3 × <a href="/wiki/.30-06_Springfield" title=".30-06 Springfield">.30 caliber</a> (7.62 mm) <a href="/wiki/M1919_Browning_machine_gun" title="M1919 Browning machine gun">Browning M1919A4 machine guns</a><br />6,750 rounds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Engine</th><td class="infobox-data">Twin Cadillac Series 42<br />220 hp (160 kW) at 3,400 rpm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Power/weight</th><td class="infobox-data">13.14 horsepower per short ton (14.48 hp/t)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Transmission</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hydramatic" title="Hydramatic">Hydramatic</a><br />4 speeds forward, 1 reverse</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Suspension</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vertical_volute_spring_suspension" title="Vertical volute spring suspension">Vertical volute spring suspension</a> (VVSS)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Fuel capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">89 U.S. gallons (340 liters; 74 imperial gallons)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><div style="line-height:1.25em">Operational<br />range</div></th><td class="infobox-data">100 mi (160 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Maximum speed of vehicle or missile">Maximum speed </span></th><td class="infobox-data">36 mph (58 km/h) on road</td></tr></tbody></table> <div 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tanks_of_the_United_States" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" 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4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_tanks" title="Template:US tanks"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_tanks" title="Template talk:US tanks"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_tanks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US tanks"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tanks_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tanks_of_the_United_States" title="Tanks of the United States"><span class="wrap">Tanks of the United States</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tanks_in_World_War_I" title="Tanks in World War I">World War I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_VIII_tank" title="Mark VIII tank">Mark VIII tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_3-ton_M1918" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford 3-ton M1918">Ford 3-ton M1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holt_gas%E2%80%93electric_tank" title="Holt gas–electric tank">Holt gas–electric tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1917_light_tank" title="M1917 light tank">M1917 light tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renault_FT" title="Renault FT">Renault FT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tanks_of_the_interwar_period" title="Tanks of the interwar period">Interwar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medium_tank_M1921" class="mw-redirect" title="Medium tank M1921">Medium tank M1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_tank_M1922" class="mw-redirect" title="Medium tank M1922">Medium tank M1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T1_light_tank" title="T1 light tank">T1 light tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T2_tank" title="T2 tank">T2 medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1_combat_car" title="M1 combat car">M1 combat car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M2_light_tank" title="M2 light tank">M2 light tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christie_M1931" title="Christie M1931">Christie M1931</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tanks_in_World_War_II" title="Tanks in World War II">World War II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M2_medium_tank" title="M2 medium tank">M2 medium tank</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M3/M5 light tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_Lee" title="M3 Lee">M3 Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M4_Sherman" title="M4 Sherman">M4 Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M22_Locust" title="M22 Locust">M22 Locust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">M24 Chaffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon-Herrington_CTLS" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmon-Herrington CTLS">Marmon-Herrington CTLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M26_Pershing" title="M26 Pershing">M26 Pershing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tanks_of_the_U.S._in_the_Cold_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanks of the U.S. in the Cold War">Cold War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M41_Walker_Bulldog" title="M41 Walker Bulldog">M41 Walker Bulldog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M46_Patton" title="M46 Patton">M46 Patton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M103_(heavy_tank)" class="mw-redirect" title="M103 (heavy tank)">M103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T57_(tank)" class="mw-redirect" title="T57 (tank)">T57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T110" class="mw-redirect" title="T110">T110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M47_Patton" title="M47 Patton">M47 Patton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M48_Patton" title="M48 Patton">M48 Patton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T95_medium_tank" title="T95 medium tank">T95 medium tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M60_tank" title="M60 tank">M60 tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T92_light_tank" title="T92 light tank">T92 light tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M551_Sheridan" title="M551 Sheridan">M551 Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBT-70" title="MBT-70">MBT-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XM803" class="mw-redirect" title="XM803">XM803</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Survivability_Test_Vehicle_(Lightweight)" title="High Survivability Test Vehicle (Lightweight)">HSTV(L)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1_Abrams" title="M1 Abrams">M1 Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stingray_light_tank" title="Stingray light tank">Commando Stingray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expeditionary_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Expeditionary tank">Expeditionary tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M8_armored_gun_system" title="M8 armored gun system">M8 armored gun system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_Systems_Modernization#Block_III_tank" title="Armored Systems Modernization">Block III tank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Post–Cold War</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M10_Booker" title="M10 Booker">M10 Booker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div></div> <p>The <b>M3 Stuart</b>/<b>light tank M3,</b> was an American <a href="/wiki/Light_tank" title="Light tank">light tank</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. An improved version of the tank entered service as the M5 in 1942 to be supplied to British and other <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a> forces under <a href="/wiki/Lend-lease" class="mw-redirect" title="Lend-lease">lend-lease</a> prior to the entry of the U.S. into the war. Afterwards, it was used by U.S. and <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> forces until the end of the war. </p><p>The British service name "Stuart" came from the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate</a> general <a href="/wiki/J._E._B._Stuart" title="J. E. B. Stuart">J. E. B. Stuart</a> and was used for both the M3 and the derivative M5 light tank. Unofficially, they were also often called "Honeys" by the British, because of their smooth ride.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In U.S. use, the tanks were officially known as "light tank M3" and "light tank M5". </p><p>Stuarts were first used in combat in the <a href="/wiki/North_African_campaign" title="North African campaign">North African campaign</a>; about 170 were used by the British forces in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Crusader" title="Operation Crusader">Operation Crusader</a> (18 November – 30 December 1941). Stuarts were the first American-crewed tanks in World War II to engage the enemy in tank versus tank combat when used in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines_campaign_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Philippines campaign (1941–1942)">Philippines</a> in December 1941 against the Japanese.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Outside of the Pacific War, in later years of WWII the M3 was used for reconnaissance and screening. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M3A1_Light_Tank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An M3 going through water obstacle, Ft. Knox, Ky." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/M3A1_Light_Tank.jpg/220px-M3A1_Light_Tank.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/M3A1_Light_Tank.jpg/330px-M3A1_Light_Tank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/M3A1_Light_Tank.jpg/440px-M3A1_Light_Tank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="822" /></a><figcaption>An M3 going through water obstacle, Ft. Knox, Ky.</figcaption></figure> <p>Observing events in Europe and Asia during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, American tank designers realized that the <a href="/wiki/M2_light_tank" title="M2 light tank">light tank M2</a> was becoming obsolete and set about improving it. The upgraded design, with thicker <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_armour" title="Vehicle armour">armor</a>, modified suspension and new gun <a href="/wiki/Recoil" title="Recoil">recoil</a> system was called "light tank M3". Production of the vehicle started in March 1941 and continued until October 1943. </p><p>By the standards of the era for light tanks, the Stuart was fairly heavily armored. It had 38 mm of armor on the upper front hull, 44 mm on the lower front hull, 51 mm on the gun mantlet, 38 mm on the turret sides, 25 mm on the hull sides, and 25 mm on the hull rear.<sup id="cite_ref-Zaloga_1999,_p._31_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zaloga_1999,_p._31-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like its direct predecessor, the M2A4, the M3 was initially armed with a <a href="/wiki/37_mm_Gun_M3" class="mw-redirect" title="37 mm Gun M3">37 mm M5 gun</a> and five <a href="/wiki/.30-06_Springfield" title=".30-06 Springfield">.30-06</a> <a href="/wiki/M1919_Browning_machine_gun" title="M1919 Browning machine gun">Browning M1919A4</a> machine guns: one coaxial with the main gun, one on top of the <a href="/wiki/Gun_turret" title="Gun turret">turret</a> in an M20 anti-aircraft mount, another in a ball mount in right bow, and two more in the right and left hull <a href="/wiki/Sponson" title="Sponson">sponsons</a>. Later, the main gun was replaced with the slightly longer M6, and the sponson machine guns were removed. </p><p>The <b>M3</b> and <b>M3A1</b> variants were powered by an <a href="/wiki/Air-cooled_engine" title="Air-cooled engine">air-cooled</a> <a href="/wiki/Radial_engine" title="Radial engine">radial engine</a>, either a <a href="/wiki/Petrol_engine" title="Petrol engine">gasoline-fueled</a> 7-<a href="/wiki/Cylinder_(engine)" title="Cylinder (engine)">cylinder</a> <a href="/wiki/Continental_R-670" title="Continental R-670">Continental W-670</a> (8,936 built) or a 9-cylinder <a href="/wiki/Guiberson_A-1020" title="Guiberson A-1020">Guiberson T-1020</a> <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel</a> (1,496 built).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both of these powerplants were originally developed as <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_engine" title="Aircraft engine">aircraft engines</a>. Internally, the radial engine was at the rear and the <a href="/wiki/Transmission_(mechanics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transmission (mechanics)">transmission</a> at the front of the tank's hull. The driveshaft connecting the engine and transmission ran through the middle of the fighting compartment. The radial engine's crankshaft was positioned high off the hull bottom and contributed to the tank's relatively tall profile.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When a revolving turret floor was introduced in the M3 hybrid and M3A1, the crew had less room. A further 3,427 M3A3 variants were built with modified hull (similar to the M5), new turret and the Continental W-670 gasoline engine.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to the M2A4, all M3/M5 series tanks had a trailing rear idler wheel for increased ground contact, whereas on the M2 the idler wheel was off the ground and did not aid in suspension. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="M5_Stuart">M5 Stuart</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: M5 Stuart"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coburg1945.jpg/220px-Coburg1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coburg1945.jpg/330px-Coburg1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coburg1945.jpg/440px-Coburg1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2955" data-file-height="2361" /></a><figcaption>M5A1 Crews from Company D, <a href="/wiki/761st_Tank_Battalion_(United_States)" title="761st Tank Battalion (United States)">761st Tank Battalion</a>, stand by awaiting call to clean out scattered German machine gun nests in <a href="/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg">Coburg</a>, Germany</figcaption></figure> <p>To relieve wartime demand for the radial aero-engines used in the M3, a new version was developed using twin <a href="/wiki/Cadillac_V8_engine#Monobloc" title="Cadillac V8 engine">Cadillac V8</a> automobile engines and twin <a href="/wiki/Hydramatic" title="Hydramatic">Hydra-Matic</a> transmissions operating through a <a href="/wiki/Transfer_case" title="Transfer case">transfer case</a>. This version of the tank was quieter, cooler and roomier; the <a href="/wiki/Automatic_transmission" title="Automatic transmission">automatic transmission</a> also simplified crew training. The new model (initially called M4 but redesignated M5 to avoid confusion with the <a href="/wiki/M4_Sherman" title="M4 Sherman">M4 Sherman</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) featured a redesigned hull with a raised rear deck over the engine compartment, sloped <a href="/wiki/Glacis" title="Glacis">glacis</a> plate and driver's hatches moved to the top. Although the main criticism from units using the Stuarts was that it lacked firepower, the improved M5 series kept the same 37 mm gun. The M5 gradually replaced the M3 in production from 1942 and, after the <a href="/wiki/Medium_Tank_M7" class="mw-redirect" title="Medium Tank M7">M7 project</a> proved unsatisfactory, was succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">light tank M24</a> in 1944. Total M5 and M5A1 tank production was 8,884; an additional 1,778 <a href="/wiki/Howitzer_motor_carriage_M8" class="mw-redirect" title="Howitzer motor carriage M8">M8 75 mm howitzer motor carriages</a> based on the M5 chassis with an open-top turret were produced. </p> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:right; width=270px;"> <caption class="nowrap">Production of M3 and M5<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Month</th> <th>M3 series</th> <th>M5 series </th></tr> <tr> <td>March 1941</td> <td>1</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 1941</td> <td>127</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 1941</td> <td>211</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 1941</td> <td>221</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 1941</td> <td>253</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 1941</td> <td>281</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 1941</td> <td>309</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 1941</td> <td>400</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 1941</td> <td>338</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 1941</td> <td>410</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 1942</td> <td>378</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>February 1942</td> <td>363</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 1942</td> <td>418</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 1942</td> <td>544</td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 1942</td> <td>619</td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 1942</td> <td>711</td> <td>60 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 1942</td> <td>762</td> <td>127 </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 1942</td> <td>694</td> <td>268 </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 1942</td> <td>620</td> <td>449 </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 1942</td> <td>944</td> <td>593 </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 1942</td> <td>199</td> <td>605 </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 1942</td> <td>1,587</td> <td>737 </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 1943</td> <td>104</td> <td>401 </td></tr> <tr> <td>February 1943</td> <td>443</td> <td>400 </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 1943</td> <td>475</td> <td>402 </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 1943</td> <td>475</td> <td>293 </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 1943</td> <td>475</td> <td>260 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 1943</td> <td>475</td> <td>283 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 1943</td> <td>475</td> <td>351 </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 1943</td> <td>500</td> <td>403 </td></tr> <tr> <td>September 1943</td> <td>47</td> <td>198 </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 1943</td> <td></td> <td>251 </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 1943</td> <td></td> <td>348 </td></tr> <tr> <td>December 1943</td> <td></td> <td>473 </td></tr> <tr> <td>January 1944</td> <td></td> <td>490 </td></tr> <tr> <td>February 1944</td> <td></td> <td>458 </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 1944</td> <td></td> <td>513 </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 1944</td> <td></td> <td>344 </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 1944</td> <td></td> <td>134 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 1944</td> <td></td> <td>24 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <td><b>13,859</b> </td> <td><b>8,884</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Light-tank_doctrine">Light-tank doctrine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Light-tank doctrine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Light tanks were issued to tank battalions (one of the four companies was a light tank company), light tank battalions and cavalry reconnaissance squadrons. The original role of the light tank in these formations was similar to medium tanks and they were expected to engage enemy armor with AP rounds and enemy positions with HE rounds. As a result, tank gunnery training for light and medium tankers was common.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>US Army Field Manuals written before 1944 clearly show that light tanks were to be part of an armored assault on enemy positions, and examples of fire on enemy armor were in these manuals.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When pursuing an enemy, light tank battalions were expected to move parallel with enemy columns and, together with accompanying infantry and engineer units, seize "critical terrain that will block hostile retreat".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the fact that light tank platoons were not expected to function as a reconnaissance unit, they could be used for reconnaissance purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this role, they were expected to remain behind the main reconnaissance force as the support element and augment the firepower whenever enemy contact was made.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Combat_history">Combat history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Combat history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>[It] is apparent that a Light Tank Battalion, armed with only 37mm guns, unless very skillfully employed with Infantry, will suffer severe casualties in men and material. The Light Tank still has to depend on speed, maneuver, and selection of suitable targets if it is to be of very much use. In spite of the fact that the training of this Battalion was not pointed toward reconnaissance lines, we have been able to accomplish our missions with a Cavalry Reconnaissance Group with a much greater degree of success than in any other assignment to date.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Major Loyal Fairall in After action report, 759th Light Tank Battalion, July 44 thru March 45<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coutances.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coutances.jpg/220px-Coutances.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coutances.jpg/330px-Coutances.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coutances.jpg/440px-Coutances.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3298" data-file-height="2480" /></a><figcaption>An M5A1 passing through the wrecked streets of <a href="/wiki/Coutances" title="Coutances">Coutances</a>, <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M3-Stuart-Buna-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/M3-Stuart-Buna-1.jpg/220px-M3-Stuart-Buna-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/M3-Stuart-Buna-1.jpg/330px-M3-Stuart-Buna-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/M3-Stuart-Buna-1.jpg/440px-M3-Stuart-Buna-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1472" /></a><figcaption>An Australian Stuart I during the final <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Buna-Gona" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Buna-Gona">assault on Buna</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-783-0107-14A,_Nordafrika,_amerikanischer_Panzer_M3_%22Stuart%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-783-0107-14A%2C_Nordafrika%2C_amerikanischer_Panzer_M3_%22Stuart%22.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-783-0107-14A%2C_Nordafrika%2C_amerikanischer_Panzer_M3_%22Stuart%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-783-0107-14A%2C_Nordafrika%2C_amerikanischer_Panzer_M3_%22Stuart%22.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-783-0107-14A%2C_Nordafrika%2C_amerikanischer_Panzer_M3_%22Stuart%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-783-0107-14A%2C_Nordafrika%2C_amerikanischer_Panzer_M3_%22Stuart%22.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-783-0107-14A%2C_Nordafrika%2C_amerikanischer_Panzer_M3_%22Stuart%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>A British M3 (Stuart I) knocked out during fighting in North Africa</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_in_North_Africa_and_Europe">War in North Africa and Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: War in North Africa and Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>British and other Commonwealth armies were the first to use the light tank M3, as the "Stuart", in combat.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From mid-November 1941 to the end of the year, about 170 Stuarts (in a total force of over 700 tanks) took part in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Crusader" title="Operation Crusader">Operation Crusader</a> during the <a href="/wiki/North_Africa_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="North Africa Campaign">North Africa Campaign</a>, with poor results. This is despite the fact that the M3 was superior or comparable in most regards to most of the tanks used by the Axis forces. The most numerous German tank, the <a href="/wiki/Panzer_III" title="Panzer III">Panzer III</a> Ausf G, had nearly identical armor and speed to the M3,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and both tanks' guns could penetrate the other tank's front armor from beyond 1,000 m (3,300 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga199910_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga199910-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most numerous Italian tank (and second most numerous Axis tank overall), the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_M13/40" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiat M13/40">Fiat M13/40</a>, was much slower than the Stuart, had slightly weaker armor all around, and could not penetrate the Stuart's front hull or turret armor at 1,000 meters, whereas the Stuart's gun could penetrate any spot on the M13/40. Although the high losses suffered by Stuart-equipped units during the operation had more to do with the better tactics and training of the <i><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Korps" title="Afrika Korps">Afrika Korps</a></i> than the apparent superiority of <a href="/wiki/German_combat_vehicles_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="German combat vehicles of World War II">German armored fighting vehicles</a> used in the North African campaign,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga199910_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga199910-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the operation revealed that the M3 had several technical faults. Mentioned in the British complaints were the 37 mm M5 gun and poor internal layout. The two-man turret crew was a significant weakness, and some British units tried to fight with three-man turret crews. The Stuart also had a limited range, which was a severe problem in the highly mobile <a href="/wiki/Desert_warfare" title="Desert warfare">desert warfare</a> as units often outpaced their supplies and were stranded when they ran out of fuel. On the positive side, crews liked its relatively high speed and mechanical reliability, especially compared to the <a href="/wiki/Crusader_tank" title="Crusader tank">Crusader tank</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which comprised a large portion of the British tank force in Africa up until 1942. The Crusader had similar armament and armor to the Stuart while being slower, less reliable, and several tons heavier. The Stuart also had the advantage of a gun that could deliver high-explosive shells; HE shells were not available for the 40 mm <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_QF_2-pounder" title="Ordnance QF 2-pounder">QF 2-pdr gun</a> mounted by most Crusaders, severely limiting their use against emplaced anti-tank guns or infantry.<sup id="cite_ref-Ian_Hogg_page_138-139_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ian_Hogg_page_138-139-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main drawback of the Stuart was its low fuel capacity and range; its operational range was only 75 miles (121 km) cross country,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga199931_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga199931-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> roughly half that of the Crusader. </p><p>In the summer of 1942, the British usually kept Stuarts out of tank-to-tank combat, using them primarily for reconnaissance. The turret was removed from some examples to save weight and improve speed and range. These became known as "Stuart Recce". Some others were converted to <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">armored personnel carriers</a> known as the "Stuart <a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_(armoured_personnel_carrier)" title="Kangaroo (armoured personnel carrier)">Kangaroo</a>", and some were converted into command vehicles and known as "Stuart Command". M3s, M3A3s, and M5s continued in British service until the end of the war, but British units had a smaller proportion of these light tanks than U.S. units.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eastern_Front">Eastern Front</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Eastern Front"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The other major <a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease" title="Lend-Lease">Lend-Lease</a> recipient of the M3, the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, was less happy with the tank, considering it under-gunned, under-armored, likely to catch fire, and too sensitive to fuel quality. The M3's radial aircraft engine required high-octane fuel, which complicated Soviet logistics as most of their tanks used <a href="/wiki/Diesel_fuel" title="Diesel fuel">diesel</a> or low-octane fuel. High fuel consumption led to a poor range characteristic, especially sensitive for use as a reconnaissance vehicle. In the letter sent to Franklin Roosevelt (18 July 1942), Stalin wrote: <i>"I consider it my duty to warn you that, according to our experts at the front, U.S. tanks catch fire very easily when hit from behind or from the side by anti-tank rifle bullets. The reason is that the high-grade gasoline used forms inside the tank a thick layer of highly inflammable fumes.</i>"<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style"><span title="Quotation marks may be incomplete, unbalanced or improperly applied.">check quotation syntax</span></a></i>]</sup> Also, compared to Soviet tanks, the M3's narrower tracks resulted in a higher ground pressure, getting them more easily stuck in the <i><a href="/wiki/Rasputitsa" title="Rasputitsa">Rasputitsa</a></i> muddy conditions of spring and autumn and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Winter" title="Russian Winter">winter snow</a> conditions on the Eastern Front. In 1943, the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> tried out the M5 and decided that the upgraded design was not much better than the M3. Being less desperate than in 1941, the Soviets turned down an American offer to supply the M5. M3s continued in Red Army service at least until 1944.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Italy">Italy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the more successful uses of the M5 in combat came during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anzio" title="Battle of Anzio">Battle of Anzio</a> when breaking through German forces surrounding the beachhead. The tactics called for an initial breakthrough by a medium tank company to destroy the heavier defenses, followed by an infantry battalion who would attack the German troops who were being left behind the medium tanks. Since many hidden fortifications and positions would have survived the initial medium tank assault, the infantry would then be confronted by any remaining fortified German troops. Behind the infantry came the M5s of a light tank company, who would attack these positions when directed to by the Infantry, usually by the use of green <a href="/wiki/Smoke_grenades" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoke grenades">smoke grenades</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1944 Liri Valley campaign, the official history of the <a href="/wiki/18th_Battalion_(New_Zealand)" title="18th Battalion (New Zealand)">18th Battalion (New Zealand)</a> notes that in the campaign (a war of movement) the regiment discovered that the Stuart recce tanks were an enormous advance on scout cars, and could go where not even jeeps could go. They carried commanders and engineers, and medical orderlies, and they could explore flanks while the Shermans forged ahead. They carried mobile wireless links and transported supplies up hilltops; they had a dozen different uses.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pacific_and_Asia">Pacific and Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pacific and Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_troops_on_Stuart_tanks_Ledo_road.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chinese_troops_on_Stuart_tanks_Ledo_road.jpg/170px-Chinese_troops_on_Stuart_tanks_Ledo_road.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chinese_troops_on_Stuart_tanks_Ledo_road.jpg/255px-Chinese_troops_on_Stuart_tanks_Ledo_road.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chinese_troops_on_Stuart_tanks_Ledo_road.jpg/340px-Chinese_troops_on_Stuart_tanks_Ledo_road.jpg 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a> army operating the M3A3 Stuart on <a href="/wiki/Ledo_Road" title="Ledo Road">Ledo Road</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a> initially deployed 108 Stuart light tanks to the Philippines in September 1941, equipping the U.S. Army's <a href="/wiki/149th_Armor_Regiment#194th_Tank_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="149th Armor Regiment">194th</a> and <a href="/wiki/192nd_Tank_Battalion" title="192nd Tank Battalion">192nd Tank Battalions</a>. The first U.S. tank versus tank combat to occur in World War II happened on 22 December 1941 during the <a href="/wiki/Philippines_campaign_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Philippines campaign (1941–1942)">Philippines campaign (1941–1942)</a> when a platoon of five M3s led by Lieutenant Ben R. Morin engaged the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) 4th Tank Regiment's <a href="/wiki/Type_95_Ha-Go" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 95 Ha-Go">Type 95 Ha-Go</a> light tanks north of Damortis. Lt. Morin, with his 37mm cannon locked in recoil maneuvered his M3 off the road, but took a direct hit while doing so, and his tank began to burn. The other four M3s were also hit, but managed to leave the field under their own power. Lt. Morin was wounded, and he and his crew were captured by the enemy.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> M3s of the 194th and 192nd Tank Battalions continued to <a href="/wiki/Skirmish" class="mw-redirect" title="Skirmish">skirmish</a> with the 4th Tank Regiment's tanks as they continued their retreat down the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bataan" title="Battle of Bataan">Bataan</a> Peninsula, with the last tank versus tank combat occurring on 7 April 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the Japanese 15th Army was threatening southern Burma toward the end of February 1942, <a href="/wiki/7th_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="7th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">7th Armoured Brigade</a> of the British Army landed at Rangoon with 114 M-3 Stuarts bearing the green rodent of the "Desert Rats". They supported 17th Indian Division and 1st Burma Division on the retreat until they managed to escape to India in April.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_assault_on_pillbox,_January_1943,_Papua,_Giropa_Point.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Australian_assault_on_pillbox%2C_January_1943%2C_Papua%2C_Giropa_Point.jpg/220px-Australian_assault_on_pillbox%2C_January_1943%2C_Papua%2C_Giropa_Point.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Australian_assault_on_pillbox%2C_January_1943%2C_Papua%2C_Giropa_Point.jpg/330px-Australian_assault_on_pillbox%2C_January_1943%2C_Papua%2C_Giropa_Point.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Australian_assault_on_pillbox%2C_January_1943%2C_Papua%2C_Giropa_Point.jpg/440px-Australian_assault_on_pillbox%2C_January_1943%2C_Papua%2C_Giropa_Point.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1248" data-file-height="919" /></a><figcaption>Australian assault on pillbox, January 1943, Papua, Giropa Point</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to the naval nature of the Pacific campaign, steel for warship production took precedence over tanks for the IJA,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> creating by default an IJA light tank that performed admirably in the jungle terrain of the South Pacific. By the same measure, although the US was not hampered by industrial restrictions, the U.S. M3 light tank proved to be an effective armored vehicle for fighting in jungle environments.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At least one was captured in the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-Captured_Stuart_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Captured_Stuart-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the IJA's drive toward India within the <a href="/wiki/South-East_Asian_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="South-East Asian theatre of World War II">South-East Asian theatre of World War II</a>, the United Kingdom hastily withdrew their <a href="/wiki/2nd_Royal_Tank_Regiment" title="2nd Royal Tank Regiment">2nd Royal Tank Regiment</a> and <a href="/wiki/7th_Queen%27s_Own_Hussars" title="7th Queen's Own Hussars">7th Hussars</a> Stuart tank units (which also contained some <a href="/wiki/M2_light_tank" title="M2 light tank">M2A4 light tanks</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) from North Africa, and deployed them against the Japanese 14th Tank Regiment. By the time the Japanese had been stopped at <a href="/wiki/Imphal" title="Imphal">Imphal</a>, only one British Stuart remained operational.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the U.S. entered the war in 1941, it began to supply China with AFVs, including M3 Stuarts, and later M4 Sherman <a href="/wiki/Medium_tank" title="Medium tank">medium tanks</a> and <a href="/wiki/M18_Hellcat" title="M18 Hellcat">M18 Hellcat</a> <a href="/wiki/Tank_destroyer" title="Tank destroyer">tank destroyers</a>, which trickled in through Burma. </p><p>Although the U.S. light tanks had proven effective in jungle warfare, by late 1943, U.S. Marine Corps tank battalions were transitioning from their M3/M5 light tanks to M4 medium tanks, mostly for the much greater high-explosive blast effect of the M4's 75mm gun, which fired a much larger shell with a heavier explosive payload.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Obsolescence_and_replacement">Obsolescence and replacement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Obsolescence and replacement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the U.S. Army joined the North African Campaign in late 1942, Stuart units still formed a large part of its armor strength. After the disastrous <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kasserine_Pass" title="Battle of Kasserine Pass">Battle of Kasserine Pass</a>, the U.S. quickly followed the British in disbanding most of their light tank <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalions</a> and reorganizing medium tank battalions to include one company of light tanks, where the Stuarts mostly performed the traditional cavalry missions of scouting and screening; for the rest of the war, most U.S. tank battalions had three <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">companies</a> of M4 Shermans and one company of M3s or M5/M5A1s.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MundaTankMine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/MundaTankMine.jpg/220px-MundaTankMine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/MundaTankMine.jpg/330px-MundaTankMine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/MundaTankMine.jpg/440px-MundaTankMine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="648" /></a><figcaption>A Marine Captain inspects an un-exploded <a href="/wiki/Type_99_mine" title="Type 99 mine">Type 99 mine</a> attached to his M3A1 Stuart during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Munda_Point" title="Battle of Munda Point">Battle of Munda Point</a> in August 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>In Europe, Allied light tanks were given cavalry and infantry fire support roles since their light main armament was not competitive against heavier enemy armored fighting vehicles. However, the Stuart was still effective in combat in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Theatre_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Theatre of World War II">Pacific Theater</a>, as <a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_tanks_and_armoured_vehicles_of_the_WWII_period" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Japanese tanks and armoured vehicles of the WWII period">Japanese tanks</a> were both relatively rare and were lighter in armor than even Allied light tanks.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army#The_Second_World_War" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Japanese infantrymen</a> were not well equipped with <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank">anti-tank</a> weapons, and as such had to use close assault tactics. In this environment, the Stuart was only moderately more vulnerable than medium tanks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style"><span title="Quotation marks may be incomplete, unbalanced or improperly applied.">check quotation syntax</span></a></i>]</sup> Though the Stuart was to be completely replaced by the newer M24 Chaffee, the number of M3s/M5s produced was so great (over 25,000 including the 75mm HMC M8) that the tank remained in service until the end of the war, and well after. In addition to the U.S, UK and Soviet Union, who were the primary users, it was also used by France (M3A3 and M5A1), <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">China</a> (M3A3s and, immediately post-war, M5A1s) and <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Partisans in Yugoslavia</a> (M3A3s and few M3A1). </p><p>With the limitations of both the main gun (see below) and armor, the Stuart's intended combat role in Western Europe was changed significantly. Light tank companies were often paired with cavalry reconnaissance units, or else used for guarding or screening, and even used in supply or messenger roles for medium tank units.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Limitations_of_the_37mm_gun">Limitations of the 37mm gun</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Limitations of the 37mm gun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 9 December 1944, the <a href="/wiki/759th_Tank_Battalion_(United_States)" title="759th Tank Battalion (United States)">759th Tank Battalion</a> advanced on a hill near <a href="/wiki/Kreuzau" title="Kreuzau">Bogheim</a> but was subjected to a counter-attack by German forces, including a heavy self-propelled <a href="/wiki/Assault_gun" title="Assault gun">assault gun</a>, which took "over 100 direct hits" at ranges as low as 75 yd (69 m) with "no appreciable damage".<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 1945, a report to General Eisenhower concluded that the Stuart was "obsolete in every respect as a fighting tank" and that it would not "turn the German fire [n]or [would] the 37mm gun damage the German tanks or SP guns".<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post_World_War_II_use">Post World War II use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post World War II use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M3A3_1949.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/M3A3_1949.JPG/220px-M3A3_1949.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/M3A3_1949.JPG/330px-M3A3_1949.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/M3A3_1949.JPG/440px-M3A3_1949.JPG 2x" data-file-width="963" data-file-height="618" /></a><figcaption>An M3A3 during the Chinese Civil War, 1949</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colonne_eskadron_Vechtwagens_KNIL,_Bestanddeelnr_84-5-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Colonne_eskadron_Vechtwagens_KNIL%2C_Bestanddeelnr_84-5-1.jpg/220px-Colonne_eskadron_Vechtwagens_KNIL%2C_Bestanddeelnr_84-5-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Colonne_eskadron_Vechtwagens_KNIL%2C_Bestanddeelnr_84-5-1.jpg/330px-Colonne_eskadron_Vechtwagens_KNIL%2C_Bestanddeelnr_84-5-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Colonne_eskadron_Vechtwagens_KNIL%2C_Bestanddeelnr_84-5-1.jpg/440px-Colonne_eskadron_Vechtwagens_KNIL%2C_Bestanddeelnr_84-5-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3715" data-file-height="2410" /></a><figcaption>Dutch M3A3 and M3A1s column at <a href="/wiki/Kemayoran" title="Kemayoran">Kemajoran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a> in November 1946.</figcaption></figure> <p>After the war, some countries chose to equip their armies with cheap and reliable <a href="/wiki/War_surplus" class="mw-redirect" title="War surplus">war surplus</a> Stuarts. The Chinese Nationalist Army having suffered great attrition as a result of the ensuing civil war, rebuilt their armored forces by acquiring surplus vehicles left behind in the Philippines by the U.S. forces, including 21 M5A1s to equip two tank companies. </p><p>The M5 <a href="/wiki/First_Kashmir_War#On_the_use_of_armour" class="mw-redirect" title="First Kashmir War">played a significant role in the First Kashmir War</a> (1947) between India and Pakistan, including the battle of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Bison_(Jammu_%26_Kashmir_1948)" title="Operation Bison (Jammu & Kashmir 1948)">Zoji-la pass</a> fought at an elevation of nearly 12,000 ft (3,700 m). </p><p>M3A1 and M3A3s were used by British forces in Indonesia during the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution" title="Indonesian National Revolution">Indonesian National Revolution</a>, where they suffered heavy losses due to the Stuart's thin armor plating.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were used until 1946, when the British left. The M3A1 and M3A3s were then passed on to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_East_Indies_Army" title="Royal Netherlands East Indies Army">Royal Netherlands East Indies Army</a>, which used them until the end of the fighting before passing on the tanks to the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Army" title="Indonesian Army">Indonesian Army</a>. The tank saw action during the <a href="/wiki/Darul_Islam_rebellion" title="Darul Islam rebellion">Darul Islam rebellions</a> in Aceh and Java, <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Ambon" title="Invasion of Ambon">Republic of South Maluku rebellions</a> in South Maluku, <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Indonesia" title="Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia">PRRI rebellions</a> in Sumatra, <a href="/wiki/Permesta" title="Permesta">Permesta rebellions</a> in Northern Sulawesi and the fighting against the <a href="/wiki/30_September_Movement" title="30 September Movement">30 September Movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 1960s and 1970s, the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Army" title="Portuguese Army">Portuguese Army</a> also used a small number of M5A1 light tanks, out of a total of 90 received as military aid from Canada in 1956, in the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">war in Angola</a>, where its all-terrain capability (compared to wheeled vehicles) was greatly appreciated. In 1967, the Portuguese Army deployed three M5A1 light tanks – nicknamed "Milocas", "Licas", and "Gina" by their crews – to northern <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a>, which served with the 1927th Cavalry Battalion commanded by Cavalry Major João Mendes Paulo, stationed at <a href="/wiki/Nambuangongo" title="Nambuangongo">Nambuangongo</a>. The vehicles were mostly employed for convoy escort and recovery duties and limited <a href="/wiki/Counterinsurgency" title="Counterinsurgency">counterinsurgency</a> operations against <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_of_Angola" title="National Liberation Front of Angola">National Liberation Front of Angola</a> (FNLA) guerrillas, who dubbed them "Elefante Dundum". "Milocas" was destroyed by an accidental fire in 1969, while "Gina" and "Licas" were withdrawn from active service in 1972, the former being sent to <a href="/wiki/Luanda" title="Luanda">Luanda</a> and the latter ended up in 1973 as an airfield security pillbox in the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portuguese Air Force</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Zala,_Angola" title="Zala, Angola">Zala</a> airfield.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Period photographs show some modifications to the basic design, namely the omission of the bow machine gun, re-installed on a pintle mount in the roof of the turret, and a small searchlight fitted in front of the commander's cupola.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the four-day long <a href="/wiki/Football_War" title="Football War">Football War</a> of 1969, El Salvador invaded Honduras in an all-out-war strike using the M3 Stuart as the main battle tank. El Salvador captured eight major cities before the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organization of American States</a> arranged a ceasefire. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/South_African_Armoured_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="South African Armoured Corps">South African Armoured Corps</a> continued to use M3A1s in a reserve role until 1955. Some were refurbished locally in 1962 and remained in service as late as 1964. The fleet was withdrawn in 1968, owing to parts shortage.<sup id="cite_ref-lesakeng_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lesakeng-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The M3 Stuart is still on the active list in the Armed Forces of <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a>, with ten of the tanks being overhauled in 2014 to provide a training capability.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="US_variants">US variants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: US variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M3-Stuart-Fort-Knox-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/M3-Stuart-Fort-Knox-1.jpg/220px-M3-Stuart-Fort-Knox-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/M3-Stuart-Fort-Knox-1.jpg/330px-M3-Stuart-Fort-Knox-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/M3-Stuart-Fort-Knox-1.jpg/440px-M3-Stuart-Fort-Knox-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="496" data-file-height="373" /></a><figcaption>Light tank M3 in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Knox" title="Fort Knox">Fort Knox</a>, 1942</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M3A1-Stuart-latrun-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/M3A1-Stuart-latrun-1.jpg/220px-M3A1-Stuart-latrun-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/M3A1-Stuart-latrun-1.jpg/330px-M3A1-Stuart-latrun-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/M3A1-Stuart-latrun-1.jpg/440px-M3A1-Stuart-latrun-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="866" data-file-height="838" /></a><figcaption>Light tank M3A1 in Yad la-Shiryon Museum, Israel</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M3A3_Stuart_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/M3A3_Stuart_001.jpg/220px-M3A3_Stuart_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/M3A3_Stuart_001.jpg/330px-M3A3_Stuart_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/M3A3_Stuart_001.jpg/440px-M3A3_Stuart_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Light tank M3A3 at the <a href="/wiki/Military_Museum_(Belgrade)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Museum (Belgrade)">Belgrade Military Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stuart_m5a1_cfb_borden_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Stuart_m5a1_cfb_borden_1.JPG/220px-Stuart_m5a1_cfb_borden_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Stuart_m5a1_cfb_borden_1.JPG/330px-Stuart_m5a1_cfb_borden_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Stuart_m5a1_cfb_borden_1.JPG/440px-Stuart_m5a1_cfb_borden_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="419" /></a><figcaption>Early production light tank M5A1 at Worthington Tank Museum</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M8GMC-Saumur.0004z89h67.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/M8GMC-Saumur.0004z89h67.jpg/220px-M8GMC-Saumur.0004z89h67.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/M8GMC-Saumur.0004z89h67.jpg/330px-M8GMC-Saumur.0004z89h67.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/M8GMC-Saumur.0004z89h67.jpg/440px-M8GMC-Saumur.0004z89h67.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Howitzer_motor_carriage_M8" class="mw-redirect" title="Howitzer motor carriage M8">75 mm howitzer motor carriage M8</a> on display at the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Blind%C3%A9s" title="Musée des Blindés">Musée des Blindés</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M3A1_Stuart_Tank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/M3A1_Stuart_Tank.jpg/220px-M3A1_Stuart_Tank.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/M3A1_Stuart_Tank.jpg/330px-M3A1_Stuart_Tank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/M3A1_Stuart_Tank.jpg/440px-M3A1_Stuart_Tank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>A M3A1 Stuart tank at Aberdeen Proving Ground</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flame_Throwing_Tank,_Saipan,_circa_June_1944_(7160583407).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flame_Throwing_Tank%2C_Saipan%2C_circa_June_1944_%287160583407%29.jpg/220px-Flame_Throwing_Tank%2C_Saipan%2C_circa_June_1944_%287160583407%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flame_Throwing_Tank%2C_Saipan%2C_circa_June_1944_%287160583407%29.jpg/330px-Flame_Throwing_Tank%2C_Saipan%2C_circa_June_1944_%287160583407%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flame_Throwing_Tank%2C_Saipan%2C_circa_June_1944_%287160583407%29.jpg/440px-Flame_Throwing_Tank%2C_Saipan%2C_circa_June_1944_%287160583407%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2874" data-file-height="2311" /></a><figcaption>M3A1 Stuart with Canadian Ronson flamethrower on Saipan</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>M3</b> (British designation "<b>Stuart I</b>")</li></ul> <dl><dd>5,811 vehicles were produced.</dd> <dd>1,285 M3s had <a href="/wiki/Guiberson_A-1020" title="Guiberson A-1020">Guiberson</a> <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel</a> installed and were called "<b>Stuart II</b>" by British.</dd> <dd>Late production M3s were fitted with turret developed for M3A1, though without turret basket. These tanks were dubbed "<b>Stuart Hybrid</b>".</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M3A1 (Stuart III)</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>4,621 were produced from May 1942 to February 1943.</dd> <dd>New turret with turret basket and no cupola. Gun vertical stabilizer installed. Sponson machine guns were removed.</dd> <dd>211 M3A1s with Guiberson diesel were called "<b>Stuart IV</b>" by British.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M3A3 (Stuart V)</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>3,427 produced.</dd> <dd>Put into production to integrate hull improvements brought by the M5 into the M3 series. Turret with rear overhang to house <a href="/wiki/SCR-508" title="SCR-508">SCR-508</a> radio. Welded hull with sloped armor, 20° in from the vertical, on front and sides.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M5 (no British designation)</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>2,074 produced.</dd> <dd>Twin Cadillac engines. Redesigned hull similar to M3A3, but with vertical sides and raised engine deck. Turret as for M3A1.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M5A1 (Stuart VI)</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>6,810 produced.</dd> <dd>M5 with the turret of the M3A3; this was the major variant in US units by 1943.</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howitzer_motor_carriage_M8" class="mw-redirect" title="Howitzer motor carriage M8"><b>75mm howitzer motor carriage M8</b></a></li></ul> <dl><dd>1,778 units produced between September 1942 and January 1944.</dd> <dd>Based on M5 chassis. The gun was replaced with the <a href="/wiki/M116_howitzer" title="M116 howitzer">75 mm M2/M3 howitzer</a> in open turret and a trailer hook was fitted so an ammunition trailer could be towed. Provided fire support to cavalry reconnaissance squadrons.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T6 armored recovery vehicle</b></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Armoured_recovery_vehicle" title="Armoured recovery vehicle">Armoured recovery vehicle</a> based on the chassis of an M5A1. Project was discontinued in 1943 in favor of the <a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">M24 Chaffee</a>-based T6E1.<sup id="cite_ref-HUNNICUTT-STUART-368_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HUNNICUTT-STUART-368-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T16 4.5-inch gun motor carriage</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Self-propelled 4.5-inch gun based on the chassis of an M5. Project was discontinued in 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337-338_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337-338-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/T18_howitzer_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="T18 howitzer motor carriage">T18 howitzer motor carriage</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-propelled gun">Self-propelled gun</a> based on M3 chassis. <a href="/wiki/M116_howitzer" title="M116 howitzer">75 mm M1A1 pack howitzer</a> was mounted in a boxy superstructure. The project started in September 1941 and was abandoned in April 1942. Only two were produced, <i>75 mm howitzer motor carriage M8</i> was chosen to be produced instead.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T27 / T27E1 mortar motor carriage</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>M5A1 with turret replaced by superstructure in which an 81 mm mortar was installed. Also carried <a href="/wiki/.50_BMG" title=".50 BMG">.50 (12.7 mm) cal</a> <a href="/wiki/M2_Browning_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="M2 Browning machine gun">Browning M2HB machine gun</a>. The project was abandoned in April 1944 because of inadequate crew and storage space.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T29 mortar motor carriage</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Design similar to T27, with 4.2 inch (107 mm) mortar. Was abandoned for the same reason.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T56 gun motor carriage</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Self-propelled gun based on M3A3 chassis. The engine was moved to the middle of the hull and a <a href="/wiki/3-inch_M1918_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="3-inch M1918 gun">3-inch (76 mm) gun</a> was mounted in a superstructure in the rear. The project started in September 1942 and was abandoned in February 1943.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T57 gun motor carriage</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Variant of T56 with Continental engine of the <a href="/wiki/M3_Lee" title="M3 Lee">Medium Tank M3</a>. Also dropped in February 1943.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T81 chemical mortar motor carriage</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>M5A1-based <a href="/wiki/M2_4.2_inch_mortar#History" class="mw-redirect" title="M2 4.2 inch mortar">4.2 inch (107 mm) chemical mortar</a> carrier.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T82 howitzer motor carriage</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Self-propelled <a href="/wiki/M3_howitzer" title="M3 howitzer">105 mm howitzer</a> based on M5A1 chassis. Development began in 1943. Two prototypes built and tested in August 1944 at Aberdeen Proving Grounds. Project was discontinued on 21 June 1945.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M3 with Maxson turret</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Anti-aircraft variant developed in 1942. Was armed with four .50 (12.7 mm) cal. machine guns in a turret developed by Maxson Corp. The project was rejected because of the availability of the <a href="/wiki/M3_Halftrack#Anti-aircraft_variants" class="mw-redirect" title="M3 Halftrack">M16 MGMC</a>.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>155 mm howitzer motor carriage T64</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Self-propelled howitzer based on lengthened M5 with <a href="/wiki/155_mm_howitzer_M1" class="mw-redirect" title="155 mm howitzer M1">155 mm howitzer M1</a>. One built, but replaced by the <a href="/wiki/M41_howitzer_motor_carriage" title="M41 howitzer motor carriage">M41 howitzer motor carriage</a> based on the light tank M24 chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>40 mm gun motor carriage T65</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Anti-aircraft vehicle based on lengthened M5A1 with <a href="/wiki/Bofors_40_mm_Automatic_Gun_L/60" class="mw-redirect" title="Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60">Bofors 40 mm gun</a>. Not proceeded with but ideas used in developing <a href="/wiki/M19_multiple_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M19 multiple gun motor carriage">M19 multiple gun motor carriage</a> using the <a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">light tank M24</a> chassis.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>20 mm multiple gun motor carriage T85</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Anti-aircraft vehicle based on same chassis as T65 (M5A1). Armed with quad <a href="/wiki/Oerlikon_20_mm_cannon" title="Oerlikon 20 mm cannon">Oerlikon 20 mm cannons</a>.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M3/M5 command tank</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>M3/M5 with turret replaced by small superstructure with a .50 (12.7 mm) cal. machine gun.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>T8 reconnaissance vehicle</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>M5 with turret removed and mounting for .50 (12.7 mm) cal machine gun.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M3 with T2 light mine exploder</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Developed in 1942, was rejected.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M3/M3A1 with <a href="/wiki/Ronson_flamethrower" title="Ronson flamethrower">Ronson flamethrower</a></b> replacing the main gun. 24 tanks were converted by <a href="/wiki/Chemical_Warfare_Service:_Flame_Tank_Group_Seabees" title="Chemical Warfare Service: Flame Tank Group Seabees">Seabees</a> for the <a href="/wiki/US_Marine_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="US Marine Corps">US Marine Corps</a> in 1943.</li> <li><b>M5A1 with E5R1-M3 flame gun</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Flame thrower installed instead of the hull machine gun.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M3A1 with E5R2-M3 flame gun</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Flame thrower installed in place of hull machine gun.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M5 dozer</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>M5 with dozer blade. Turret was usually removed.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M5 with T39 rocket launcher</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>T39 launcher with 20 7.2-inch (18 cm) rockets mounted on the top of the turret. Never reached production.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M5A1 with E7-7 flame gun</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Flame thrower installed instead of the main gun.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M5A1 with E9-9 flame-throwing equipment</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Prototype only.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>M5A1 with E8 flame gun</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Turret replaced by boxy superstructure with flame thrower in a smaller turret. Prototype only.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UK_variants">UK variants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: UK variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Een_Recce_M3_Stuart_tank_(waarvan_het_machinegeweer_is_verwijderd)_passeert_het,_Bestanddeelnr_264.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Een_Recce_M3_Stuart_tank_%28waarvan_het_machinegeweer_is_verwijderd%29_passeert_het%2C_Bestanddeelnr_264.jpg/220px-Een_Recce_M3_Stuart_tank_%28waarvan_het_machinegeweer_is_verwijderd%29_passeert_het%2C_Bestanddeelnr_264.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Een_Recce_M3_Stuart_tank_%28waarvan_het_machinegeweer_is_verwijderd%29_passeert_het%2C_Bestanddeelnr_264.jpg/330px-Een_Recce_M3_Stuart_tank_%28waarvan_het_machinegeweer_is_verwijderd%29_passeert_het%2C_Bestanddeelnr_264.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Een_Recce_M3_Stuart_tank_%28waarvan_het_machinegeweer_is_verwijderd%29_passeert_het%2C_Bestanddeelnr_264.jpg/440px-Een_Recce_M3_Stuart_tank_%28waarvan_het_machinegeweer_is_verwijderd%29_passeert_het%2C_Bestanddeelnr_264.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3804" data-file-height="2524" /></a><figcaption>Dutch turretless M3A3 Recce version, in Indonesia</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Stuart Recce</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Reconnaissance vehicle based on turretless Stuart.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Stuart Command</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Stuart <a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_(armoured_personnel_carrier)" title="Kangaroo (armoured personnel carrier)">Kangaroo</a> with extra radios.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Stuart artillery tractor</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Another turretless variant similar in appearance to the Recce and Kangaroo. Used to tow the <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_QF_17_pounder" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordnance QF 17 pounder">Ordnance QF 17 pounder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not to be confused with the US <a href="/wiki/M5_tractor" title="M5 tractor">M5 tractor</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazilian_variants">Brazilian variants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Brazilian variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Br_rj_m_m_conde_de_linhares07.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Br_rj_m_m_conde_de_linhares07.JPG/220px-Br_rj_m_m_conde_de_linhares07.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Br_rj_m_m_conde_de_linhares07.JPG/330px-Br_rj_m_m_conde_de_linhares07.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Br_rj_m_m_conde_de_linhares07.JPG/440px-Br_rj_m_m_conde_de_linhares07.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2128" /></a><figcaption>X1A at Conde de Linhares Military Museum, Rio de Janeiro</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1970s, the Brazilian company <a href="/wiki/Bernardini_(company)" title="Bernardini (company)">Bernardini</a> developed a series of radical Stuart upgrades for the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Army" title="Brazilian Army">Brazilian Army</a>. </p> <ul><li><b>X1A</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Based on M3A1, this design had new engine (280 hp (210 kW) <a href="/wiki/Saab_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Saab Group">Saab-Scania</a> <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel</a>), improved suspension, new upper hull armor, fire controls and DEFA 90 mm gun in a new turret. 80 vehicles were produced.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>X1A1</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>An X1A with improved suspension with three bogies (instead of two) each side and raised idler.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>X1A2</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Based on the X1A1, this version retained almost nothing of the original Stuart as even its hull was redesigned. The vehicle weighed 19 <a href="/wiki/Short_ton" title="Short ton">short tons</a> (17 <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">t</a>), had crew of 3, was armed with 90 mm gun and powered by Saab-Scania 300 hp (220 kW) diesel. 30 vehicles were produced in 1979–1983.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yugoslav_partisans_variants">Yugoslav partisans variants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Yugoslav partisans variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_partisans" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav partisans">Yugoslav partisans</a> received Stuarts from the British Army. In 1945, obsolete as tanks, many were modified to carry specialized armament: </p> <ul><li>M3A1 with <a href="/wiki/81_mm_mortar" title="81 mm mortar">81 mm mortar</a>: 2 built<sup id="cite_ref-B&B53_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B&B53-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>M3A1 and M3A3 with <a href="/wiki/7.5_cm_Pak_40" title="7.5 cm Pak 40">7.5 cm Pak 40</a><sup id="cite_ref-B&B53_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B&B53-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> designated SO-75</li> <li>M3A3 with four guns <a href="/wiki/Flakvierling_38" class="mw-redirect" title="Flakvierling 38">Flakvierling 38</a>: 1 built<sup id="cite_ref-B&B53_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B&B53-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>M3A3 with <a href="/wiki/7.5_cm_Pak_50" title="7.5 cm Pak 50">7.5 cm Pak 50</a>: 5 built<sup id="cite_ref-B&B53_57-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B&B53-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>M3A3 with <a href="/wiki/15_cm_sIG_33" title="15 cm sIG 33">15 cm sIG 33</a>: 1 built<sup id="cite_ref-B&B53_57-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B&B53-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> designated SO-150</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:15mayo2001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/15mayo2001.jpg/220px-15mayo2001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/15mayo2001.jpg/330px-15mayo2001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/15mayo2001.jpg/440px-15mayo2001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>3 M3 Stuart tanks at the Independence Day military parade in Asunción (Paraguay) in 2001</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Captured_M3_Stuart_light_tanks_of_the_IJA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Captured_M3_Stuart_light_tanks_of_the_IJA.jpg/170px-Captured_M3_Stuart_light_tanks_of_the_IJA.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Captured_M3_Stuart_light_tanks_of_the_IJA.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="299" /></a><figcaption>A row of captured M3 Stuart tanks of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). Most of the IJA's M3 Stuarts were captured either in the US-controlled Philippines or in British Burma in WWII.</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bear_of_Kinmen_at_Guningtou_Battle_Museum_20140121.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bear_of_Kinmen_at_Guningtou_Battle_Museum_20140121.jpg/220px-Bear_of_Kinmen_at_Guningtou_Battle_Museum_20140121.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bear_of_Kinmen_at_Guningtou_Battle_Museum_20140121.jpg/330px-Bear_of_Kinmen_at_Guningtou_Battle_Museum_20140121.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bear_of_Kinmen_at_Guningtou_Battle_Museum_20140121.jpg/440px-Bear_of_Kinmen_at_Guningtou_Battle_Museum_20140121.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1321" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption>An M5A1 Stuart used by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of China Armed Forces">Republic of China Armed Forces</a> is referred to locally as "The Bear of Kinmen" (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">金門之熊</span>) because of its outstanding performance against the Chinese <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> (PLA) during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guningtou" title="Battle of Guningtou">Battle of Guningtou</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> and the exit of the Nationalist forces to Taiwan.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stuart_M3_Mk_I_tank_(9685394611).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Stuart_M3_Mk_I_tank_%289685394611%29.jpg/220px-Stuart_M3_Mk_I_tank_%289685394611%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Stuart_M3_Mk_I_tank_%289685394611%29.jpg/330px-Stuart_M3_Mk_I_tank_%289685394611%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Stuart_M3_Mk_I_tank_%289685394611%29.jpg/440px-Stuart_M3_Mk_I_tank_%289685394611%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1905" data-file-height="1294" /></a><figcaption>A former <a href="/wiki/Rhodesian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodesian Army">Rhodesian Army</a> Stuart tank on display at the Zimbabwe Military Museum in the city of <a href="/wiki/Gweru" title="Gweru">Gweru</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Current operators</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> — 10 in service (5 M3 and 5 M3A1) and 4 in storage in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Paraguay_keeping_M3_Stuart_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paraguay_keeping_M3_Stuart-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>Former operators</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> — Around 370.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> — 18 M3A1, last 4 donated by Venezuela for training.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> — 350 M3A2, M3A3/A5.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> — Stuart V (M3A3) tanks were widely used in the reconnaissance troop of armoured regiments. In the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Canadian_Armoured_Brigade" title="2nd Canadian Armoured Brigade">2nd Canadian Armoured Brigade</a> after the Normandy landings, the establishment for each regiment was 49 Sherman tanks, both 75 mm and 17-pounder, and up to 9 Stuart tanks.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> — Some captured from the Nationalist Chinese Army during the Chinese Civil War, but primary received from the Soviet Union.</li> <li><span data-sort-value="China"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a></span></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> — imported from the United States; put into operation around the year 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> — eight M3A1 and five M5A1.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Kingdom of Hungary</a> — captured at least three from the Soviets.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> — M3A1 and M3A3 from the Netherlands.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> — Operated captured vehicles, for example in the Philippines<sup id="cite_ref-Captured_Stuart_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Captured_Stuart-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Imphal" title="Battle of Imphal">Battle of Imphal</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> – Delivered 25 units (M3A1) in 1942, served in the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Army" title="Mexican Army">Mexican Army</a> until 1980.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> — The M3A1 was supplied in 1941–42 (89) and some were used in the Pacific. They were withdrawn in 1953–55.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> — four M3A1 were used by the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(Nicaragua)" title="National Guard (Nicaragua)">National Guard</a> from the mid-1940s to 1979.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>- <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Army" title="Philippine Army">Philippine Army</a> 10 M5 Stuart light tanks left behind by American troops from World War II. <sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> <sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> — 70 vehicles in service with the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Army" title="Portuguese Army">Portuguese Army</a> and other 20 with the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_National_Republican_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese National Republican Guard">Republican National Guard</a> from 1956 to 1972.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> — 21 lend-lease tanks captured from the Soviets in February 1943, others were captured in December 1943. Briefly used by the Romanian Cavalry Corps before being withdrawn due to lack of spare parts. At least five Stuarts were sent to Romania for anti-tank testing in March 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">Southern Rhodesia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> — 210 British M3s received from 1942 to 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-B&B41_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B&B41-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> 44 tanks were received in 1944 through the EDA (Excess Defense Article) program from 1942 – 1945, were in use for training until 1999.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Soviet Union"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></span> — 1,676 M3 series tanks received as part of Lend-Lease, and 5 M5 series tanks.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> — M3A1 and M3A3, used during and after the war.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surviving_examples">Surviving examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Surviving examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/M3_Stuart" title="Special:EditPage/M3 Stuart">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22M3+Stuart%22">"M3 Stuart"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22M3+Stuart%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22M3+Stuart%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22M3+Stuart%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22M3+Stuart%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22M3+Stuart%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Belgium</dt> <dd>75mm Howitzer motor carriage M8 on display at the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Blind%C3%A9s" title="Musée des Blindés">Musée des Blindés</a></dd> <dt>Brazil</dt> <dd>X1A at Conde de Linhares Military Museum, Rio de Janeiro</dd> <dt>Canada</dt> <dd>The <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Regiment_Museum" title="Ontario Regiment Museum">Ontario Regiment Museum</a> has an operational M3 Stuart.</dd> <dt>France</dt> <dd>M3A3 at the Musée du Mur de l'Atlantique, Ouistreham</dd> <dt>Indonesia</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Army" title="Indonesian Army">Indonesian Army</a> retains one M3A1 Stuart in operational condition used for historical theater show.<sup id="cite_ref-gaek_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gaek-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>Israel</dt> <dd>Light tank M3A1 in <a href="/wiki/Yad_La-Shiryon" title="Yad La-Shiryon">Yad La-Shiryon</a> Museum, Israel</dd> <dt>Philippines</dt> <dd>M3 of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Army" title="Philippine Army">Philippine Army</a> in outdoor Static Display at the Philippine-Korea Friendship Center.Bayani Road, Taguig City. <sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>Serbia</dt> <dd>Light tank M3A3 at the <a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Military_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgrade Military Museum">Belgrade Military Museum</a>, Serbia</dd> <dt>Taiwan</dt> <dd>An M5A1 Stuart used by the Republic of China Armed Forces is referred to locally as "The Bear of Kinmen" (Chinese: 金門之熊) because of its outstanding performance against the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) during the Battle of Guningtou following the Chinese Civil War and the exit of the Nationalist forces to Taiwan.</dd> <dt>United Kingdom</dt> <dd>Early production light tank M5A1 at <a href="/wiki/Worthington_Tank_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Worthington Tank Museum">Worthington Tank Museum</a></dd> <dd>M3 Stuart Diesel at <a href="/wiki/Bovington_Tank_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Bovington Tank Museum">Bovington Tank Museum</a></dd> <dt>United States of America</dt> <dd>M3A1 Stuart tank at <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Proving_Ground" title="Aberdeen Proving Ground">Aberdeen Proving Ground</a></dd> <dd>M3A1 Stuart tank (Lady Lois) at Stuart Tank Memorial Association, Berwick, Pennsylvania</dd> <dd>M3A1 Stuart tank on the town green of <a href="/wiki/New_Milford,_Connecticut" title="New Milford, Connecticut">New Milford, Connecticut</a></dd> <dd>M5 Stuart tank at 5020 W. 95th street in <a href="/wiki/Oak_Lawn,_Illinois" title="Oak Lawn, Illinois">Oak Lawn, Illinois</a></dd> <dd>M5 Stuart tank on East A Street in <a href="/wiki/Brunswick,_Maryland" title="Brunswick, Maryland">Brunswick, Maryland</a></dd> <dd>Multiple M5 Stuart tanks in Harmony Church, Fort Moore, Georgia</dd> <dt>Zimbabawe</dt> <dd>A former Rhodesian Army Stuart tank on display at the Zimbabwe Military Museum in the city of Gweru.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_media">In the media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: In the media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stuart_Tank_historical_marker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Stuart_Tank_historical_marker.jpg/220px-Stuart_Tank_historical_marker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Stuart_Tank_historical_marker.jpg/330px-Stuart_Tank_historical_marker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Stuart_Tank_historical_marker.jpg/440px-Stuart_Tank_historical_marker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1042" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Marker in <a href="/wiki/Berwick,_Pennsylvania" title="Berwick, Pennsylvania">Berwick, Pennsylvania</a>, where more than 15,000 Stuart tanks were manufactured</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The 1941 US military propaganda short film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tanks_Are_Coming_(1941_film)" title="The Tanks Are Coming (1941 film)">The Tanks Are Coming</a></i> features the M3 and its manufacturing process.</li> <li>The 1945 Mexican film comedy "Un día con el diablo" (A Day with the devil) uses several Mexican Army M3s.</li> <li>Modified Stuarts were used in the movie <i><a href="/wiki/Attack_(1956_film)" title="Attack (1956 film)">Attack!</a></i> as German tanks.</li> <li>An M3 was the center piece of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Hornet_(TV_Series)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Green Hornet (TV Series)">The Green Hornet</a></i> episode "Seek, Stalk, & Destroy".</li> <li>A "24k gold" M3 was created from gold bullion in the <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(TV_Series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batman (TV Series)">Batman</a></i> episode "Penguin's Disastrous End". It was stopped with the "Batzooka".</li> <li>Season 5 of the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)">The Twilight Zone</a></i> had an episode "<a href="/wiki/The_7th_Is_Made_Up_of_Phantoms" title="The 7th Is Made Up of Phantoms">The 7th Is Made Up of Phantoms</a>" featuring an M3 Stuart and its crew going back in time to the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Little_Big_Horn" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Little Big Horn">Battle of Little Big Horn</a>.</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Haunted_Tank" title="Haunted Tank">Haunted Tank</a>" was a <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> feature that appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/G.I._Combat" title="G.I. Combat">G.I. Combat</a></i> starring an M3 Stuart. It ran from 1961 to 1987. The tank was "haunted" by the ghost of J.E.B Stuart, who gave cryptic warnings to the crew.</li> <li>An M3 was featured in the movie <i><a href="/wiki/Under_Fire_(1983_film)" title="Under Fire (1983 film)">Under Fire</a></i> as a <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(Nicaragua)" title="National Guard (Nicaragua)">Nicaraguan National Guard</a> tank.</li> <li>The M3 was added to the 2006 strategy game, <a href="/wiki/Company_of_Heroes" title="Company of Heroes">Company of Heroes</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Company_of_Heroes:_Opposing_Fronts" title="Company of Heroes: Opposing Fronts">Opposing Fronts</a> expansion as a buildable unit for the British.</li> <li>A heavily modified M5A1 Stuart was featured in the movie <i><a href="/wiki/Tank_Girl_(film)" title="Tank Girl (film)">Tank Girl</a></i> as the eponymous heroine's tank.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>A M5A1 Stuart tank was featured in the James Bond movie <i><a href="/wiki/Licence_to_Kill" title="Licence to Kill">Licence to Kill</a></i>. The tank opens fire on the Chinese hideout in the fictional country Isthmus, and saves Bond.</li> <li>The sole operational M3A1 Stuart of the Indonesian Army were featured in the movies <a href="/w/index.php?title=Darah_Garuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darah Garuda (page does not exist)">Darah Garuda</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darah_Garuda" class="extiw" title="id:Darah Garuda">id</a>]</span> (<i>Blood of Eagles</i>) and <i><a href="/wiki/Hearts_of_Freedom" title="Hearts of Freedom">Hati Merdeka</a></i> (Hearts of Freedom), part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Merah_Putih_(film)" title="Merah Putih (film)">Merah Putih</a></i> (Red and White) trilogy, as Dutch tank.<sup id="cite_ref-gaek_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gaek-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>An M3 or M5 was used as a prop German tank in the propaganda film that Steve Rogers was in part way into <a href="/wiki/Captain_America:_The_First_Avenger" title="Captain America: The First Avenger">Captain America: The First Avenger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Disney_Guy_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Disney_Guy-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhino_tank" title="Rhino tank">Rhino tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCR-245" title="SCR-245">SCR-245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._military_vehicles_by_model_number" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. military vehicles by model number">List of U.S. military vehicles by model number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-numbers" class="mw-redirect" title="G-numbers">G-numbers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Notes </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The M3 actually had thicker front and turret armor, while the Panzer III had slightly thicker side armor.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">However, by late 1942, the Crusader received the 57 mm <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_QF_6-pounder" title="Ordnance QF 6-pounder">QF 6-pdr gun</a>, significantly improving its anti-tank characteristics and giving it HE capability<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"At approximately 1720 hours on June 1st (the light tank) company... was called upon to move to the vicinity of 032465 (Velletri) to form an armored guard for the 85th Division C.P.. Three other light tanks of the company were used as liaison between the medium tanks companies of the regimental command post. This use of light tanks proved to be the most effective way of maintaining communication between the tanks and infantry regimental headquarters."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>Citations</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZaloga2015" class="citation book cs1">Zaloga, Steve (15 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-O3DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA39"><i>Armored Champion</i></a>. Stackpole Books. p. 39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780811761338" title="Special:BookSources/9780811761338"><bdi>9780811761338</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armored+Champion&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Stackpole+Books&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.isbn=9780811761338&rft.aulast=Zaloga&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY-O3DAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETM-9-732-M5-Manual§_6-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETM-9-732-M5-Manual§_6_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTM-9-732-M5-Manual">TM-9-732-M5-Manual</a>, p. § 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://afvdb.50megs.com/usa/m5stuart.html#M5A1">"Light Tank M5 Stuart"</a>. <i>afvdb.50megs.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=afvdb.50megs.com&rft.atitle=Light+Tank+M5+Stuart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fafvdb.50megs.com%2Fusa%2Fm5stuart.html%23M5A1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/us/m3_stuart.php">"Light Tank M3 Stuart"</a>. 28 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Light+Tank+M3+Stuart&rft.date=2014-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftanks-encyclopedia.com%2Fww2%2Fus%2Fm3_stuart.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt (Stuart) p. 395</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga (Armored Thunderbolt) p. 301</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zaloga_1999,_p._31-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zaloga_1999,_p._31_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga 1999, p. 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt (Stuart) p. 127 and p. 153</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFletcher,_Great_Tank_Scandal" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Fletcher_(military_historian)" title="David Fletcher (military historian)">Fletcher, David</a> (1989). <i>The Great Tank Scandal: British Armour in the Second World War - Part 1</i>. <a href="/wiki/HMSO" class="mw-redirect" title="HMSO">HMSO</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-11-290460-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-11-290460-1"><bdi>978-0-11-290460-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Tank+Scandal%3A+British+Armour+in+the+Second+World+War+-+Part+1&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-11-290460-1&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt (Stuart) p. 164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga (M3/M5 Stuart) p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Official Munitions Production of the United States by Months, July 1, 1940-August 31, 1945</i>. Washington, D.C.: United States Civilian Production Administration. 1947. p. 226.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Official+Munitions+Production+of+the+United+States+by+Months%2C+July+1%2C+1940-August+31%2C+1945&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=226&rft.pub=United+States+Civilian+Production+Administration&rft.date=1947&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ia800303.us.archive.org/25/items/Fm17-12/Fm17-12.pdf">Armored Force Field Manual FM 17-12</a>, Tank Gunnery, 22 April 1943 p. 18-19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/download/FM17-301942/FM17-301942.pdf">Armored Force Field Manual FM 17-30</a>, Tank Platoon, 22 October 1942, p 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/download/Fm17-33/Fm17-33.pdf">Armored Force Field Manual FM 17-33</a> The Armored Battalion – Light and Medium, 18 September 1942, p 112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Armored Force Field Manual FM 17-30 Tank Platoon, 22 October 1942, p 55-56</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/download/Fm2-301944/Fm2-301944.pdf">Cavalry Field Manual FM 2-30</a>, Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron, Mechanized, 28 August 1944, p. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cgsc.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p4013coll8/id/3930/">After action report, 759th Light Tank Battalion, July 44 through March 45</a> (Report). p. 9 – via Ike Skelton Combined Arms Research Library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=After+action+report%2C+759th+Light+Tank+Battalion%2C+July+44+through+March+45.&rft.pages=9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcgsc.contentdm.oclc.org%2Fdigital%2Fcollection%2Fp4013coll8%2Fid%2F3930%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt (1992) p. 391</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga199910-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga199910_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga199910_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZaloga1999">Zaloga 1999</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga (M3/M5 Stuart) p. 9-12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt (Stuart) p. 391–394</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ian_Hogg_page_138-139-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ian_Hogg_page_138-139_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ian Hogg (1996), <i>Tank Killing</i>, page 138-139, Sidgwick & Jackson <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-885119-40-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-885119-40-2">1-885119-40-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZaloga199931-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZaloga199931_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZaloga1999">Zaloga 1999</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/correspondence/02/42.htm">"Correspondence between the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Presidents of the USA and the Prime Ministers of Great Britain during the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Correspondence+between+the+Chairman+of+the+Council+of+Ministers+of+the+USSR+and+the+Presidents+of+the+USA+and+the+Prime+Ministers+of+Great+Britain+during+the+Great+Patriotic+War+of+1941+-+1945&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Freference%2Farchive%2Fstalin%2Fworks%2Fcorrespondence%2F02%2F42.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/cdm/singleitem/collection/p4013coll8/id/4676/rec/50">Training memorandum number 2: lessons from the Italian Campaign</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200127213401/http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/cdm/singleitem/collection/p4013coll8/id/4676/rec/50">Archived</a> 2020-01-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, page 47 of 162, March 1945</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-18Ba-c33.html">"Beyond the Liri (page 491)"</a>. NZETC. 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beyond+the+Liri+%28page+491%29&rft.pub=NZETC&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnzetc.victoria.ac.nz%2Ftm%2Fscholarly%2Ftei-WH2-18Ba-c33.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt (Stuart) p. 395 & 396</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga, (M3/M5 Stuart) p. 13, 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga (Armored Thunderbolt) p. 301 & 302</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel Ford, <i>Flying Tigers: Claire Chennault and His American Volunteers, 1941-1942</i> (Warbird Books, 2016), p. 192</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga (Japanese Tanks) p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga (M3/M5 Stuart) p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Captured_Stuart-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Captured_Stuart_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Captured_Stuart_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210728141503/http://www.ww2incolor.com/d/575273-2/philippinescapturedstuazq1">"Captured Stuart"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ww2incolor.com/d/575273-2/philippinescapturedstuazq1">the original</a> on 28 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Captured+Stuart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ww2incolor.com%2Fd%2F575273-2%2Fphilippinescapturedstuazq1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt (Stuart) p.396</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (June 2014)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga (M3/M5 Stuart) p. 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.militaryresearch.org/17-25%2018Nov44.pdf">"T/O&E 17–25 Tank Battalion (18 November 1944)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>militaryresearch.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Facebook&rft.atitle=M3A3+Stuart%3A+Light+Tank+Legendaris+Yang+Masih+Punya+%22Gigi%22&rft.aulast=Padi&rft.aufirst=Mata&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fnotes%2Fmata-padi%2Fkavaleri-indonesia-dari-warisan-belanda-menuju-kemandirian%2F10150478683275553%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indomiliter.com/m3a3-stuart-light-tank-legendaris-yang-masih-punya-gigi/">"M3A3 Stuart: Light Tank Legendaris Yang Masih Punya "Gigi"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Indomiliter/</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saarmourmuseum.co.za/lesakeng.html">the original</a> on 3 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lesakeng&rft.pub=South+African+Armour+Museum&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saarmourmuseum.co.za%2Flesakeng.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Cherisey2015" class="citation news cs1">de Cherisey, Erwan (29 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160102202011/http://www.janes.com/article/56911/paraguay-keeping-m3-stuart-m4-sherman-tanks-in-service">"Paraguay keeping M3 Stuart, M4 Sherman tanks in service"</a>. <i>IHS Jane's Defence Weekly</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.janes.com/article/56911/paraguay-keeping-m3-stuart-m4-sherman-tanks-in-service">the original</a> on 2 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IHS+Jane%27s+Defence+Weekly&rft.atitle=Paraguay+keeping+M3+Stuart%2C+M4+Sherman+tanks+in+service&rft.date=2015-12-29&rft.aulast=de+Cherisey&rft.aufirst=Erwan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.janes.com%2Farticle%2F56911%2Fparaguay-keeping-m3-stuart-m4-sherman-tanks-in-service&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HUNNICUTT-STUART-368-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HUNNICUTT-STUART-368_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt, p 368.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337-338-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337-338_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt, p 337-338.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HUNNICUTT-STUART-337_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hunnicutt, p 337–339, 502.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zaloga, Steven J.,<i>M3 & M5 Stuart Light Tank, 1940–1945</i>. Osprey Publishing. p.43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-B&B53-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-B&B53_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-B&B53_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-B&B53_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-B&B53_57-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-B&B53_57-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThers2013" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Thers, Alexandre (February 2013). "Le Blindorama: La Yougoslavie, 1930 – 1945". <i>Batailles & Blindés</i> (in French). No. 53. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freeforumzone.leonardo.it/discussione.aspx?idd=9642819">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=M-3+Stuart+Italiano+Cobelligerante+-+Zimmerit+Forum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreeforumzone.leonardo.it%2Fdiscussione.aspx%3Fidd%3D9642819&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlowman1985" class="citation book cs1">Plowman, Jeffrey (1985). <i>Armoured Fighting Vehicles of New Zealand 1939–59</i>. Christchurch: JEP Publications. p. 132.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armoured+Fighting+Vehicles+of+New+Zealand+1939%E2%80%9359&rft.place=Christchurch&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=JEP+Publications&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Plowman&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.moore.army.mil/Armor/eARMOR/content/issues/2021/Fall/4Condeno21.pdf">https://www.moore.army.mil/Armor/eARMOR/content/issues/2021/Fall/4Condeno21.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagnuski1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Janusz_Magnuski" title="Janusz Magnuski">Magnuski, Janusz</a> (1996). <i>Wozy bojowe PSZ 1940–1946</i> (in Polish) (I ed.). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Lampart. pp. 44–49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/83-86776-39-0" title="Special:BookSources/83-86776-39-0"><bdi>83-86776-39-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wozy+bojowe+PSZ+1940%E2%80%931946&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=44-49&rft.edition=I&rft.pub=Wydawnictwo+Lampart&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=83-86776-39-0&rft.aulast=Magnuski&rft.aufirst=Janusz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreg_KelleyJason_Long" class="citation web cs1">Greg Kelley; Jason Long. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030926050702/https://sturmvogel.tripod.com/romafv.html#Heading28">"Romanian Armour in World War Two"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sturmvogel.tripod.com/romafv.html">the original</a> on 26 September 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Romanian+Armour+in+World+War+Two&rft.au=Greg+Kelley&rft.au=Jason+Long&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsturmvogel.tripod.com%2Fromafv.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Axworthy, Cornel I. Scafeș, Cristian Crăciunoiu, <i>Third Axis, Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945</i>, p. 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-B&B41-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-B&B41_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahé2011" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mahé, Yann (February 2011). "Le Blindorama : La Turquie, 1935 – 1945". <i>Batailles & Blindés</i> (in French). No. 41. Caraktère. pp. 4–7. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1765-0828">1765-0828</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Batailles+%26+Blind%C3%A9s&rft.atitle=Le+Blindorama+%3A+La+Turquie%2C+1935+%E2%80%93+1945&rft.issue=41&rft.pages=4-7&rft.date=2011-02&rft.issn=1765-0828&rft.aulast=Mah%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Yann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinance_Office,_War_Department1946" class="citation cs2">Finance Office, War Department (1946), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/ref/LL-Ship/LL-Ship-3A.html">"Section III-A Ordnance-General Supplies"</a>, <i>Quantities of Lend-Lease Shipments</i>, pp. ix, x – via Hyperwar Foundation</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quantities+of+Lend-Lease+Shipments&rft.atitle=Section+III-A+Ordnance-General+Supplies&rft.pages=ix%2C+x&rft.date=1946&rft.au=Finance+Office%2C+War+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibiblio.org%2Fhyperwar%2FUSA%2Fref%2FLL-Ship%2FLL-Ship-3A.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKočevar2014" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kočevar, Iztok (August 2014). "Micmac à tire-larigot chez Tito: L'arme blindée yougoslave durant la Guerre froide" [The Yugoslav armored arm during the Cold War]. <i>Batailles et Blindés</i> (in French). No. 62. Caraktère. pp. 66–79. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1765-0828">1765-0828</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Batailles+et+Blind%C3%A9s&rft.atitle=Micmac+%C3%A0+tire-larigot+chez+Tito%3A+L%27arme+blind%C3%A9e+yougoslave+durant+la+Guerre+froide&rft.issue=62&rft.pages=66-79&rft.date=2014-08&rft.issn=1765-0828&rft.aulast=Ko%C4%8Devar&rft.aufirst=Iztok&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gaek-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gaek_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gaek_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historia.id/sains/articles/tank-gaek-bertahan-hidup-vXjBr">"Tank Gaek Bertahan Hidup"</a>. <i>Historia – Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia</i>. 17 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historia+%E2%80%93+Majalah+Sejarah+Populer+Pertama+di+Indonesia&rft.atitle=Tank+Gaek+Bertahan+Hidup&rft.date=2018-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoria.id%2Fsains%2Farticles%2Ftank-gaek-bertahan-hidup-vXjBr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pvao.gov.ph/military-shrines/philippine-korea-friendship-center/">"Philippine-Korea Friendship Center | PVAO"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Philippine-Korea+Friendship+Center+%26%23124%3B+PVAO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpvao.gov.ph%2Fmilitary-shrines%2Fphilippine-korea-friendship-center%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://celebrity.okezone.com/read/2010/09/22/206/374662/hati-merdeka-banyak-adegan-perang-di-laut">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Hati Merdeka' Banyak Adegan Perang di Laut"</a>. <i>okezone.com</i> (in Indonesian). 22 September 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504093905/https://celebrity.okezone.com/read/2010/09/22/206/374662/hati-merdeka-banyak-adegan-perang-di-laut">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=okezone.com&rft.atitle=%27Hati+Merdeka%27+Banyak+Adegan+Perang+di+Laut&rft.date=2010-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcelebrity.okezone.com%2Fread%2F2010%2F09%2F22%2F206%2F374662%2Fhati-merdeka-banyak-adegan-perang-di-laut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Disney_Guy-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Disney_Guy_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaffer2022" class="citation web cs1">Shaffer, Joshua (31 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.disneyguy.org/blogs/post/1021374691007878962">"The Tank in Captain America"</a>. <i>Discovering The Magic Kingdom</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discovering+The+Magic+Kingdom&rft.atitle=The+Tank+in+Captain+America&rft.date=2022-12-31&rft.aulast=Shaffer&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.disneyguy.org%2Fblogs%2Fpost%2F1021374691007878962&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>David François, <i>El Salvador – Volume 1: Crisis, Coup and Uprising 1970-1983</i>, Latin America@War Volume 32, Helion & Company Limited, Warwick UK 2023. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-804514-02-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-804514-02-3">978-1-804514-02-3</a></li> <li>David François, <i>El Salvador – Volume 2: Conflagration 1984-1992</i>, Latin America@War Volume 34, Helion & Company Limited, Warwick UK 2023. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-804512-18-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-804512-18-0">978-1-804512-18-0</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunnicutt1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/R._P._Hunnicutt" title="R. P. Hunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R. P.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofamerica0000hunn"><i>Stuart, A History of the American Light Tank, Volume 1</i></a>. Presidio Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89141-462-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-89141-462-2"><bdi>0-89141-462-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stuart%2C+A+History+of+the+American+Light+Tank%2C+Volume+1&rft.pub=Presidio+Press.&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-89141-462-2&rft.aulast=Hunnicutt&rft.aufirst=R.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofamerica0000hunn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZaloga1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaloga" class="mw-redirect" title="Steven Zaloga">Zaloga, Steven</a> (1999). <i>M3 & M5 Stuart Light Tank</i>. New Vanguard 33. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85532-911-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85532-911-9"><bdi>978-1-85532-911-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M3+%26+M5+Stuart+Light+Tank&rft.series=New+Vanguard+33&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-85532-911-9&rft.aulast=Zaloga&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZaloga2007" class="citation book cs1">Zaloga, Steven (2007). <i>Japanese Tanks 1939–45</i>. New Vanguard 137. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84603-091-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84603-091-8"><bdi>978-1-84603-091-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese+Tanks+1939%E2%80%9345&rft.series=New+Vanguard+137&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84603-091-8&rft.aulast=Zaloga&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZaloga2008" class="citation book cs1">Zaloga, Steven (2008). <i>Armored Thunderbolt, The US Army Sherman in World War II</i>. Stackpole Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8117-0424-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8117-0424-3"><bdi>978-0-8117-0424-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armored+Thunderbolt%2C+The+US+Army+Sherman+in+World+War+II&rft.pub=Stackpole+Books&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8117-0424-3&rft.aulast=Zaloga&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHembree2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Hembree, Mark (February 2011). "History You Can Model". <i>FineScale Modeler</i>. p. 74. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0277-979X">0277-979X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FineScale+Modeler&rft.atitle=History+You+Can+Model&rft.pages=74&rft.date=2011-02&rft.issn=0277-979X&rft.aulast=Hembree&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTM-9-732-M5-Manual" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102202136/http://www.scribd.com/doc/29487894/TM-9-732-M5-Light-Tank-Manual">"TM 9-732 M5 Stuart Light Tank Operating Manual"</a>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/29487894/TM-9-732-M5-Manual">the original</a></span> on 2 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TM+9-732+M5+Stuart+Light+Tank+Operating+Manual&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F29487894%2FTM-9-732-M5-Manual&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AM3+Stuart" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=M3_Stuart&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox 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related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Stuart_tank" class="extiw" title="commons:Stuart tank"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Stuart tank</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://afvdb.50megs.com/usa/m3stuart.html">AFV Database</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://afvdb.50megs.com/usa/pics/m3stuart.html">Pictures</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707065049/http://afvdb.50megs.com/usa/pics/m3stuart.html">Archived</a> 2011-07-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</li> <li>OnWar: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onwar.com/weapons/afv/data/ltm3.htm">M3 Stuart</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180207123023/https://www.onwar.com/weapons/afv/data/ltm3.htm">Archived</a> 2018-02-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onwar.com/weapons/afv/data/fltm3a3.htm">M3A1 Stuart</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180207123006/https://www.onwar.com/weapons/afv/data/fltm3a3.htm">Archived</a> 2018-02-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051122055251/http://www.onwar.com/tanks/usa/fltm3a3.htm">M3A3 Stuart</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927220233/http://www.onwar.com/tanks/usa/fltm5a1.htm">M5A1 Stuart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.primeportal.net/tanks/m5a1_stuart.htm">M5A1 Stuart Light Tank Photos and Walk Arounds on Prime Portal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.berwickrailfan.webs.com/brwkrfberwickacf.htm">Berwick RAILFAN – Excursions To Our Past – Berwick American Car & Foundry, Berwick Forge & Fabricating, Berwick Freight Car Co.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161129204643/http://berwickrailfan.webs.com/brwkrfberwickacf.htm">Archived</a> 2016-11-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memorialmuseum.org/displays/tanks/item/m3-stuart">M3 Stuart tank</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151110002231/http://www.memorialmuseum.org/displays/tanks/item/m3-stuart">Archived</a> 2015-11-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> & <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memorialmuseum.org/displays/tanks/item/1943-m5a1-stuart-tank-2">M5A1 Stuart tank</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200309053617/https://www.memorialmuseum.org/displays/tanks/item/1943-m5a1-stuart-tank-2">Archived</a> 2020-03-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at U.S. Veterans Memorial Museum</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qZYxtkWP35k">Description of Stuart tank, with video of surviving tanks rolling</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olpl.pastperfectonline.com/photo/C5990E36-83BA-4ABC-B1BC-247272360517">M5 Stuart Tank in Oak Lawn, Illinois</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_armored_fighting_vehicles_of_World_War_II" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:WWIIAmericanAFVs" title="Template:WWIIAmericanAFVs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:WWIIAmericanAFVs" title="Template talk:WWIIAmericanAFVs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:WWIIAmericanAFVs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:WWIIAmericanAFVs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_armored_fighting_vehicles_of_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">American <a href="/wiki/Armored_fighting_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored fighting vehicle">armored fighting vehicles</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tanks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Light_tank" title="Light tank">Light</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M1_combat_car" title="M1 combat car">M1 combat car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M2_light_tank" title="M2 light tank">M2 light tank</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M3 Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M22_Locust" title="M22 Locust">M22 Locust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">M24 Chaffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon-Herrington_CTLS" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmon-Herrington CTLS">Marmon-Herrington CTLS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Medium_tank" title="Medium tank">Medium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M2_medium_tank" title="M2 medium tank">M2 medium tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_Lee" title="M3 Lee">M3 Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M4_Sherman" title="M4 Sherman">M4 Sherman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Heavy_tank" title="Heavy tank">Heavy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M26_Pershing" title="M26 Pershing">M26 Pershing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_artillery" title="Self-propelled artillery">Self-propelled <br />artillery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T19_howitzer_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="T19 howitzer motor carriage">T19 howitzer motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T30_howitzer_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="T30 howitzer motor carriage">T30 howitzer motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T34_Calliope" title="T34 Calliope">T34 rocket launcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M2_half-track_car#Self-propelled_guns" title="M2 half-track car">M4 mortar carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M3 gun motor carriage">M3 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M7_Priest" title="M7 Priest">M7 howitzer motor carriage</a> (Priest)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M8_howitzer_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M8 howitzer motor carriage">M8 howitzer motor carriage</a> (Scott)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M12_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M12 gun motor carriage">M12 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M21_mortar_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M21 mortar motor carriage">M21 mortar motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M40_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M40 gun motor carriage">M40 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M43_howitzer_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M43 howitzer motor carriage">M43 howitzer motor carriage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tank_destroyer" title="Tank destroyer">Tank destroyers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T48_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="T48 gun motor carriage">T48 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M3 gun motor carriage">M3 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M6_gun_motor_carriage" title="M6 gun motor carriage">M6 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M10_tank_destroyer" title="M10 tank destroyer">M10 3-inch gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M18_Hellcat" title="M18 Hellcat">M18 gun motor carriage</a> (Hellcat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M36_tank_destroyer" title="M36 tank destroyer">M36 gun motor carriage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Armored carriers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M2_half-track_car" title="M2 half-track car">M2 half-track car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_half-track" title="M3 half-track">M3 half-track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M5_half-track" title="M5 half-track">M5 half-track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M9_half-track" title="M9 half-track">M9 half-track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M39_armored_utility_vehicle" title="M39 armored utility vehicle">M39 armored utility vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_vehicle" title="Amphibious vehicle">Amphibious vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Vehicle_Tracked" title="Landing Vehicle Tracked">Landing Vehicle Tracked</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Armored_car_(military)" title="Armored car (military)">Armored cars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M3_scout_car" title="M3 scout car">M3 scout car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M8_Greyhound" title="M8 Greyhound">M8 light armored car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M8_Greyhound#Variants" title="M8 Greyhound">M20 armored utility car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_anti-aircraft_weapon" title="Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon">Self-propelled <br />anti-aircraft guns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M13_multiple_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M13 multiple gun motor carriage">M13/M14 multiple gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M15_half-track" title="M15 half-track">M15 combination gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M16_multiple_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M16 multiple gun motor carriage">M16/M17 multiple gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M19_multiple_gun_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="M19 multiple gun motor carriage">M19 multiple gun motor carriage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Experimental and <br />short production <br />run vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Tanks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M6_heavy_tank" title="M6 heavy tank">M6 heavy tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_tank_M7" class="mw-redirect" title="Medium tank M7">Light tank T7/medium tank M7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T14_heavy_tank" title="T14 heavy tank">T14 heavy tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T20_medium_tank" title="T20 medium tank">T20 medium tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T25_medium_tank" title="T25 medium tank">T25 medium tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T28_super-heavy_tank" title="T28 super-heavy tank">T28 super-heavy tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T29_heavy_tank" title="T29 heavy tank">T29 heavy tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T30_heavy_tank" title="T30 heavy tank">T30 heavy tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T32_heavy_tank" title="T32 heavy tank">T32 heavy tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T34_heavy_tank" title="T34 heavy tank">T34 heavy tank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Self-propelled <br />artillery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>T24/<a href="/wiki/T40/M9_tank_destroyer" title="T40/M9 tank destroyer">T40/M9 tank destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T18_howitzer_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="T18 howitzer motor carriage">T18 howitzer motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_half-track#Anti-aircraft_variants" title="M3 half-track">T54/T59 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T55E1_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="T55E1 motor carriage">T55E1 motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8-inch_howitzer_motor_carriage_T84" class="mw-redirect" title="8-inch howitzer motor carriage T84">8-inch howitzer motor carriage T84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T92_howitzer_motor_carriage" class="mw-redirect" title="T92 howitzer motor carriage">T92/T93 gun motor carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M18_Hellcat#Variants" title="M18 Hellcat">T88 gun motor carriage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Armoured cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T17_Deerhound" title="T17 Deerhound">T17 Deerhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T18_Boarhound" title="T18 Boarhound">T18 Boarhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T27_armored_car" title="T27 armored car">T27 armored car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M38_Wolfhound" title="M38 Wolfhound">M38 Wolfhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S1_scout_car" title="S1 scout car">S1 scout car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease" title="Lend-Lease">Lend-Lease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Carrier#United_States_variants" title="Universal Carrier">T16 universal carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T17E1_Staghound" title="T17E1 Staghound">T17E1 Staghound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/American_armored_fighting_vehicle_production_during_World_War_II" title="American armored fighting vehicle production during World War II">American armored fighting vehicle production during World War II</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_Commonwealth_armoured_fighting_vehicles_of_the_Second_World_War" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:WWIIBritishAFVs" title="Template:WWIIBritishAFVs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:WWIIBritishAFVs" title="Template talk:WWIIBritishAFVs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:WWIIBritishAFVs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:WWIIBritishAFVs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_Commonwealth_armoured_fighting_vehicles_of_the_Second_World_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a> armoured fighting vehicles of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tanks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Light_tank" title="Light tank">Light tanks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Light_tanks_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Light tanks of the United Kingdom">Light tank Mk I, Mk II, Mk III, Mk IV and Mk V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_tank_Mk_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Light tank Mk VI">Light tank Mk VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_tank_Mk_VII_Tetrarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Light tank Mk VII Tetrarch">Light tank Mk VII Tetrarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_tank_Mk_VIII" title="Light tank Mk VIII">Light tank Mk VIII 'Harry Hopkins'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_6-ton" title="Vickers 6-ton">Vickers 6-ton</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M3/M5 Stuart</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M22_Locust" title="M22 Locust">M22 Locust</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M24_Chaffee" title="M24 Chaffee">M24 Chaffee</a> <b>*</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_tank" title="Cruiser tank">Cruiser tanks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_Mk_I" title="Cruiser Mk I">Cruiser Mk I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_Mk_II" title="Cruiser Mk II">Cruiser Mk II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_Mk_III" title="Cruiser Mk III">Cruiser Mk III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_Mk_IV" title="Cruiser Mk IV">Cruiser Mk IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenanter_tank" title="Covenanter tank">Covenanter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusader_tank" title="Crusader tank">Crusader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_tank" title="Cavalier tank">Cavalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromwell_tank" title="Cromwell tank">Centaur and Cromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_Mk_VIII_Challenger" title="Cruiser Mk VIII Challenger">Challenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet tank">Comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_tank" title="Ram tank">Ram</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentinel_tank" title="Sentinel tank">Sentinel</a> †</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Infantry_tank" title="Infantry tank">Infantry tanks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_I_(tank)" title="Matilda I (tank)">Matilda I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_II" title="Matilda II">Matilda II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine_tank" title="Valentine tank">Valentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_tank" title="Churchill tank">Churchill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Medium_tank" title="Medium tank">Medium tanks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M3_Lee" title="M3 Lee">Grant/Lee</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grizzly_I_cruiser" title="Grizzly I cruiser">Grizzly I</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M4_Sherman" title="M4 Sherman">Sherman</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Firefly" title="Sherman Firefly">Sherman Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Medium_Mark_II" title="Vickers Medium Mark II">Vickers Medium Mark II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_artillery" title="Self-propelled artillery">Self-propelled<br />artillery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Field_artillery" title="Field artillery">field</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_(artillery)" title="Bishop (artillery)">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M7_Priest" title="M7 Priest">Priest</a><b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexton_(artillery)" title="Sexton (artillery)">Sexton</a> ‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">anti-tank</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deacon_(artillery)" title="Deacon (artillery)">Deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17pdr_SP_Achilles" title="17pdr SP Achilles">17pdr SP Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer_(tank_destroyer)" title="Archer (tank destroyer)">Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M10_tank_destroyer" title="M10 tank destroyer">M10 tank destroyer</a> <b>*</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">Armoured personnel<br />carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_(armoured_personnel_carrier)" title="Kangaroo (armoured personnel carrier)">Kangaroo</a><sup>v</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyd_Carrier" title="Loyd Carrier">Loyd Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M2_half-track_car" title="M2 half-track car">M2 half-track</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_Half-track" class="mw-redirect" title="M3 Half-track">M3 half-track</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M5_Half-track" class="mw-redirect" title="M5 Half-track">M5 half-track</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M9_half-track" title="M9 half-track">M9 half-track</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrapin_(amphibious_vehicle)" title="Terrapin (amphibious vehicle)">Terrapin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Carrier" title="Universal Carrier">Universal Carrier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Scout_car" title="Scout car">Scout cars</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Armored_car_(military)" title="Armored car (military)">armoured cars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Scout cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_Dingo" title="Daimler Dingo">Daimler Dingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingo_(scout_car)" title="Dingo (scout car)">Dingo scout car</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_scout_car" title="Humber scout car">Humber scout car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_scout_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynx scout car">Lynx scout car</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S1_scout_car" title="S1 scout car">S1 scout car</a> †</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Armoured cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AEC_armoured_car" title="AEC armoured car">AEC armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T18_Boarhound" title="T18 Boarhound">Boarhound armoured car</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_armoured_car" title="Coventry armoured car">Coventry armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_armoured_car" title="Daimler armoured car">Daimler armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_armoured_car" title="Fox armoured car">Fox armoured car</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M8_Greyhound" title="M8 Greyhound">Greyhound armoured car</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_armoured_car" title="Guy armoured car">Guy armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_armoured_car" title="Humber armoured car">Humber armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_Carrier_Wheeled_Indian_Pattern" title="Armoured Carrier Wheeled Indian Pattern">Indian Pattern Carrier</a> §</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanchester_6%C3%974_armoured_car" title="Lanchester 6×4 armoured car">Lanchester 6×4 armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmon-Herrington_armoured_car" title="Marmon-Herrington armoured car">Marmon-Herrington armoured cars</a> <sup>SA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_CS9" title="Morris CS9">Morris CS9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhino_heavy_armoured_car" title="Rhino heavy armoured car">Rhino heavy armoured car</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_armoured_car" title="Rolls-Royce armoured car">Rolls-Royce armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rover_light_armoured_car" title="Rover light armoured car">Rover light armoured car</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T17E1_Staghound" title="T17E1 Staghound">Staghound armoured car</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Beaverette" title="Standard Beaverette">Standard Beaverette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Reconnaissance cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humber_light_reconnaissance_car" title="Humber light reconnaissance car">Humber light reconnaissance car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_light_reconnaissance_car" title="Morris light reconnaissance car">Morris light reconnaissance car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otter_light_reconnaissance_car" title="Otter light reconnaissance car">Otter light reconnaissance car</a> ‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Armoured command<br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AEC_armoured_command_vehicle" title="AEC armoured command vehicle">AEC armoured command vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Lizard" title="Guy Lizard">Guy Lizard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Armoured trucks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armadillo_armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armadillo armoured fighting vehicle">Armadillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_OXA" title="Bedford OXA">Bedford OXA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bison_concrete_armoured_lorry" title="Bison concrete armoured lorry">Bison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C15TA_Armoured_Truck" class="mw-redirect" title="C15TA Armoured Truck">C15TA Armoured Truck</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyland_Beaver-Eel" title="Leyland Beaver-Eel">Leyland Beaver-Eel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M3_scout_car" title="M3 scout car">White scout car</a> <b>*</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Experimental vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A20_heavy_tank" title="A20 heavy tank">A20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AC4_tank" title="AC4 tank">AC4</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_tank" title="Thunderbolt tank">AC3 'Thunderbolt'</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alecto_(SPG)" title="Alecto (SPG)">Alecto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_experimental_light_tank" title="Australian experimental light tank">Australian experimental light tank</a> †</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basilisk_armoured_car&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basilisk armoured car (page does not exist)">Basilisk armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_Warfare_Department#Cockatrice" title="Petroleum Warfare Department">Bedford Cockatrice and Heavy Cockatrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_Mk_VIII_Challenger#Variants" title="Cruiser Mk VIII Challenger">Avenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Prince_(tank)" title="Black Prince (tank)">Black Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Semple_tank" title="Bob Semple tank">Bob Semple tank</a> ¶</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excelsior_tank" title="Excelsior tank">Excelsior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillman_Gnat" title="Hillman Gnat">Hillman Gnat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schofield_tank" title="Schofield tank">Schofield</a> ¶</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOG1" title="TOG1">TOG 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOG2" title="TOG2">TOG 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortoise_heavy_assault_tank" title="Tortoise heavy assault tank">Tortoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valiant_tank" title="Valiant tank">Valiant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-size:smaller;"><div> <ul><li>Key: <b>*</b> American <a href="/wiki/Lend-lease" class="mw-redirect" title="Lend-lease">lend-lease</a>, † <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a>, ‡ <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a>, § <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a>, SA <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South African</a>, ¶ <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <sup>v</sup> field conversions of vehicles of various origins<br /></li></ul> <p>Background: <a href="/wiki/British_armoured_fighting_vehicle_production_during_World_War_II" title="British armoured fighting vehicle production during World War II">British armoured fighting vehicle production during World War II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanks_in_the_British_Army" title="Tanks in the British Army">Tanks in the British Army</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502910#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this 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